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Church History Taught from a Solidly Perspective!

DVD Our identity as Catholics means that we are the inheritors of the Study deeds of holy men and women who for 2,000 years have built a Date, Time, Locations great civilization and spread the throughout the world. Church history is not just the recitation of , people, places, and events; it is a story of adventure, intrigue, rebellion, reform, and devotion. This story is, in fact, our story; this is our family. If we know our past, and how we fit into the story, we will be better prepared to face whatever may come in the future. You will... • Learn about the major people, places, and events of the two- Registration thousand years of Church history. • Remember the 12 time periods of Church history using a unique color-coded system. • Learn the true story of the . • Discover the revolutionary character of the Protestant . • Discover the massive persecution of Christians in the 20th For more information century. • See the workings of the Holy Spirit throughout Church history …and much more! Endorsements “Epic: A Journey Through Church History fills an urgent need for adult Catholics to recover their history as a believing community, debunk false criticisms of their Church, and understand the Christian underpinnings of the modern world. This is a vivid, thorough and About Steve Weidenkopf engaging program. I heartily recommend it.” – Charles J. Chaput, O.F.M. Cap. Steve Weidenkopf has a gift for making history come alive for any “This is Catholic history as it should be written, with Christ always audience. He currently serves as a lecturer in at the center, and all the Popes featured and listed, and the History for the Notre Dame Graduate and the Doctors of the Church honored.” School of College. –Warren H. Carroll, Founder, Christendom College

period Mustard seed persecution conversion and councils and the eMperor crusaders & scholars weak leaders & period Mustard seed persecution conversion and councils Missionaries and the eMperor crusaders & scholars weak leaders & schisM

1. St. Peter (33–67) Color Codes: 6. St. Alexander I (105–115) 18. St. Pontian (230–235) 33. St. Sylvester I (314–335) 59. Vigilius (537–555) 97. St. Leo III (795–816) 153. St. Leo IX (1049–1054) 178. Honorius III (1216–1227) 195. Bl. Benedict XI (1303–1304) 204. Boniface IX (1389–1404) 210. Calixtus III (1455–1458) 1. St. Peter (33–67) Color Codes: 6. St. Alexander I (105–115) 18. St. Pontian (230–235) 33. St. Sylvester I (314–335) 59. Vigilius (537–555) 97. St. Leo III (795–816) 153. St. Leo IX (1049–1054) 178. Honorius III (1216–1227) 195. Bl. Benedict XI (1303–1304) 204. Boniface IX (1389–1404) 210. Calixtus III (1455–1458) 2. St. Linus (67–76) Bold Red = 7. St. Sixtus I (115–125) 20. St. Fabian (236–250) 34. St. Marcus (336) 70. Honorius I (625–638) 106. St. Nicholas I the Great (858–867) 156. Nicholas II (1058–1061) 179. Gregory IX (1227–1241) 196. Clement V (1305–1314) 205. Innocent VII (1404–1406) 211. Pius II (1458–1464) 2. St. Linus (67–76) Bold Red = 7. St. Sixtus I (115–125) 20. St. Fabian (236–250) 34. St. Marcus (336) 70. Honorius I (625–638) 106. St. Nicholas I the Great (858–867) 156. Nicholas II (1058–1061) 179. Gregory IX (1227–1241) 196. Clement V (1305–1314) 205. Innocent VII (1404–1406) 211. Pius II (1458–1464) 3. St. Cletus (76–88) 21 Ecumenical 8. St. Telesphorus (125–136) 21. St. Cornelius (251–253) 36. Liberius (352–366) 74. St. Martin I (649–655) 107. Adrian II (867–872) 160. Bl. Urban II (1088–1099) 181. Innocent IV (1243–1254) 197. John XXII (1316–1334) 206. Gregory XII (1406–1415) 212. Paul II (1464–1471) 3. St. Cletus (76–88) 21 Ecumenical 8. St. Telesphorus (125–136) 21. St. Cornelius (251–253) 36. Liberius (352–366) 74. St. Martin I (649–655) 107. Adrian II (867–872) 160. Bl. Urban II (1088–1099) 181. Innocent IV (1243–1254) 197. John XXII (1316–1334) 206. Gregory XII (1406–1415) 212. Paul II (1464–1471) 4. St. Clement I (88–97) Councils 14. St. Victor I (189–199) 24. St. Sixtus II (257–258) 37. St. Damasus I (366–383) 75. St. Eugenius (655–657) 112. Formosus (891–896) 165. Innocent II (1130–1143) 185. Bl. Gregory X (1271–1276) 201. Bl. Urban V (1362–1370) 207. Martin V (1417–1431) 213. Sixtus IV (1471–1484) 4. St. Clement I (88–97) Councils 14. St. Victor I (189–199) 24. St. Sixtus II (257–258) 37. St. Damasus I (366–383) 75. St. Eugenius (655–657) 112. Formosus (891–896) 165. Innocent II (1130–1143) 185. Bl. Gregory X (1271–1276) 201. Bl. Urban V (1362–1370) 207. Martin V (1417–1431) 213. Sixtus IV (1471–1484) popes 5. St. Evaristus (97–105) Red = Martyrs 16. St. Calixtus I (217–222) 29. St. Marcellinus (296–304) 79. St. Agatho (678–681) 117. John IX (898–900) 168. Bl. Eugenius III (1145–1153) 192. Nicholas IV (1288–1292) 202. Gregory XI (1370–1378) 208. Eugenius IV (1431–1447) 214. Innocentpopes VIII (1484–1492) 5. St. Evaristus (97–105) Red = Martyrs 16. St. Calixtus I (217–222) 29. St. Marcellinus (296–304) 79. St. Agatho (678–681) 117. John IX (898–900) 168. Bl. Eugenius III (1145–1153) 192. Nicholas IV (1288–1292) 202. Gregory XI (1370–1378) 208. Eugenius IV (1431–1447) 214. Innocent VIII (1484–1492) Bold Black = 38. St. Siricius (384–399) Bold Black = 38. St. Siricius (384–399) 17. St. Urban I (222–230) 32. St. Miltiades (311–314) 80. St. Leo II (681–683) 123. John X (914–928) 171. Alexander III (1159–1181) 193. St. Celestine V (1294) 203. Urban VI (1378–1389) 209. Nicholas V (1447–1455) 215. Alexander VI (1492–1503) 17. St. Urban I (222–230) 32. St. Miltiades (311–314) 80. St. Leo II (681–683) 123. John X (914–928) 171. Alexander III (1159–1181) 193. St. Celestine V (1294) 203. Urban VI (1378–1389) 209. Nicholas V (1447–1455) 215. Alexander VI (1492–1503) Doctor of the 42. St. Boniface I (418-422) Doctor of the 42. St. Boniface I (418-422) Church 49. St. Gelasisus I (492–496) 89. St. Gregory II (715–731) 140. Sylvester II (999–1003) Church 49. St. Gelasisus I (492–496) 89. St. Gregory II (715–731) 140. Sylvester II (999–1003) St. Sylvester I St. Damasus I St. Leo I St. Gregory I St. Nicholas I Bl. Urban II St. Gregory VII St. Celestine V St. Sylvester I St. Damasus I St. Leo I St. Gregory I St. Nicholas I Bl. Urban II St. Gregory VII St. Celestine V

1. (33) 10. Trajan’s Persecution (98–117) 15. Battle of Milvian Bridge (312) 28. St. Benedict & The Rule (480–543) 40. The Great Schism (1054) 48. The Rise of the Scholastics First 1096–1102 Liberation of –1099 52. Boniface VIII (1294–1303) 1. Pentecost (33) 10. Trajan’s Persecution (98–117) 15. Battle of Milvian Bridge (312) 28. St. Benedict & The Rule (480–543) 40. The Great Schism (1054) 48. The Rise of the Scholastics First 1096–1102 Liberation of Jerusalem–1099 52. Pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) 2. St. Paul’s Journeys (45–58) 11. Early & 16. Edict of (313) 29. Pope St. Gregory the Great (590–604) 41. Pope St. Gregory VII (1073–1085) St. Anselm of (1037–1109) 53. The Papacy (1309–1378) 2. St. Paul’s Missionary Journeys (45–58) 11. Early Heresies & Schisms 16. Edict of Milan (313) 29. Pope St. Gregory the Great (590–604) 41. Pope St. Gregory VII (1073–1085) St. (1037–1109) 53. The Avignon Papacy (1309–1378) Second 1147–1149 Siege of Damascus Second 1147–1149 Siege of Damascus 3. (49) 30. 2nd Council of (553) 42. The Crusades (see box) (1079–1142) 3. Council of Jerusalem (49) St. ’ Against Heresies (185) 17. Council of Nicaea 30. 2nd Council of Constantinople (553) 42. The Crusades (see box) Peter Abelard (1079–1142) 54. (1311–1312) St. Irenaeus’ Against Heresies (185) 17. Council of Nicaea (325) Battle of Hattin–1187 54. Council of Vienne (1311–1312) (325) Battle of Hattin–1187 4. The Burning of & Nero’s 12. Decius’ Persecution (249–251) 18. The Beginnings of 31. St. & the Church in (597) 43. St. (1090–1153) (1160) Jerusalem Falls–1187 55. St. (1347–1380) 4. The Burning of Rome & Nero’s 12. Decius’ Persecution (249–251) 18. The Beginnings of Monasticism 31. St. Augustine of Canterbury & the Church in England (597) 43. St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153) Peter Lombard (1160) Jerusalem Falls–1187 55. St. Catherine of Siena (1347–1380) Persecution (64) 13. Valerian’s Persecution (257–259) 19. St. Athanasius–(Defender of Orthodoxy) (297–373) 32. The Rise of Islam–Mohammed (632) 44. The Lateran Councils St. (1221–1274) 56. The Plague (1347–1350) Persecution (64) 13. Valerian’s Persecution (257–259) 19. St. Athanasius–(Defender of Orthodoxy) (297–373) 32. The Rise of Islam–Mohammed (632) 44. The Lateran Councils St. Bonaventure (1221–1274) 56. The Plague (1347–1350) Third 1189–1192 Truce with Saladin Third 1189–1192 Truce with Saladin 5. Destruction of Jerusalem (70) 14. Diocletian’s Persecution (303–305) 20. Julian the Apostate (361–363) 33. 3rd Council of Constantinople (680) First (1123) St. (1225–1274) 57. The Great (1378–1417) 5. Destruction of Jerusalem (70) 14. Diocletian’s Persecution (303–305) 20. Julian the Apostate (361–363) 33. 3rd Council of Constantinople (680) First (1123) St. Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) 57. The Great Western Schism (1378–1417) 6. The –Teachings of the 12 21. Council of Constantinople (381) 34. The Apostle of –St. Boniface (680–754) Second (1139) 49. Albigensian Fourth 1201–1205 Sack of Constantinople–1204 58. More Heretics 6. The Didache–Teachings of the 12 21. Council of Constantinople (381) 34. The Apostle of Germany–St. Boniface (680–754) Second (1139) 49. Albigensian Heresy Fourth 1201–1205 Sack of Constantinople–1204 58. More Heretics tiMeline Apostles (80) 22. St. Augustine (354–430) 35. Battle of Poitiers–Charles Martel “the Hammer” (732) Third (1179) 50. Medieval Inquisitors (1231) Fifth 1218–1221 Egypt John Wyclif (1324–1384) tiMeline Apostles (80) 22. St. Augustine (354–430) 35. Battle of Poitiers–Charles Martel “the Hammer” (732) Third (1179) 50. Medieval Inquisitors (1231) Fifth 1218–1221 Egypt John Wyclif (1324–1384) 7. Early Persecution–Domitian (95) 23. (431) 36. the Emperor (742–814) Fourth (1215) 51. Councils of Sixth 1228–1229 of Jerusalem–1229 (1369–1415) 7. Early Persecution–Domitian (95) 23. Council of Ephesus (431) 36. Charlemagne the Emperor (742–814) Fourth (1215) 51. Councils of Lyons Sixth 1228–1229 Restoration of Jerusalem–1229 Jan Hus (1369–1415) 8. Pope St. Clement’s Letter (96) 24. Pope St. Leo I the Great (440–461) 37. 2nd Council of Nicaea (787) 45. Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) First (1245) (Crusade of Frederick II) Jerusalem Falls–1244 59. (1414–1418) 8. Pope St. Clement’s Letter (96) 24. Pope St. Leo I the Great (440–461) 37. 2nd Council of Nicaea (787) 45. Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) First (1245) (Crusade of Frederick II) Jerusalem Falls–1244 59. Council of Constance (1414–1418) 9. Death of St. John–the Last 25. (451) 38. 4th Council of Constantinople (869) 46. St. Thomas á Becket (1118–1170) Second (1274) of St. Louis 1248–1254 Egypt 60. St. (1412–1431) 9. Death of St. John–the Last 25. Council of Chalcedon (451) 38. 4th Council of Constantinople (869) 46. St. Thomas á Becket (1118–1170) Second (1274) First Crusade of St. Louis 1248–1254 Egypt 60. St. Joan of Arc (1412–1431) Apostle (c. 100) Martyrs of the Colosseum 26. The Fall of the Western Empire (476) 39. Cluny–Reform of the (909) 47. The Rise of the 61. Council of (1431–1445) Apostle (c. 100) Martyrs of the Colosseum 26. The Fall of the Western Empire (476) 39. Cluny–Reform of the Monasteries (909) 47. The Rise of the Mendicant Orders 61. (1431–1445) Second Crusade of 1269–1272 Tunisia Second Crusade of 1269–1272 Tunisia St. (1181–1226) 27. Clovis & the Conversion of the (496) St. Francis of Assisi (1181–1226) 62. End of the Empire–Constantinople Falls (1453) 27. Clovis & the Conversion of the Franks (496) Council of Nicaea I Battle of Poitiers St. Louis End of the Kingdom of 62. End of the Empire–Constantinople Falls (1453) Council of Constance Council of Nicaea I Battle of Poitiers St. Louis End of the Kingdom of Council of Constance St. Clare (1194–1253) Jerusalem–1291 63. Spanish (1478–1820) St. Clare (1194–1253) Jerusalem–1291 63. (1478–1820) St. Dominic (1170–1221) 64. Savonarola & Florence (1489–1498) St. Dominic (1170–1221) 64. Savonarola & Florence (1489–1498)

Roman Emperors Vespasian (69–79) Roman Emperors Marcus Aurelius Decius (249–251) Roman Emperors–West: Theodosius I (378–395) Roman Emperors–East: Anastasius I (491–518) King of the Franks Holy Roman Emperors Lambert of Spoleto (894–896) Leo III (717–741) Kings of Confessor (1042–1066) Richard I (1189–1199) Henry IV (1056–1105) Eastern Emperors Alexius V (1204) Kings of France Kings of England Henry VII (1485–1509) Maximilian I (1493–1519) Roman Emperors Vespasian (69–79) Roman Emperors Marcus Aurelius Decius (249–251) Roman Emperors–West: Theodosius I (378–395) Roman Emperors–East: Anastasius I (491–518) King of the Franks Holy Roman Emperors Lambert of Spoleto (894–896) Leo III (717–741) Kings of France Confessor (1042–1066) Richard I (1189–1199) Henry IV (1056–1105) Eastern Emperors Alexius V (1204) Kings of France Kings of England Henry VII (1485–1509) Maximilian I (1493–1519) world rulers Augustus (27 BC–14 AD) Titus (79–81) Trajan (98–117) (161–180) Valerian (253–260) (306–337) Romulus Augustulus Licinius (308–324) Kings of the Franks: (751–768) Charlemagne (800–814) Otto the Great (962–973) Constantine VI (780–797) Philip I (1060–1108) Harold Godwinson (1066) John (1199–1216) Conrad III (1138–1152) Alexius I (1081–1118) Philip IV “the Fair” (1285–1314) Edward II (1307–1327) Kings of Spain wEasternorld Emperors rulers Augustus (27 BC–14 AD) Titus (79–81) Trajan (98–117) (161–180) Valerian (253–260) Constantine (306–337) Romulus Augustulus Licinius (308–324) Kings of the Franks: Pepin the Short (751–768) Charlemagne (800–814) Otto the Great (962–973) Constantine VI (780–797) Philip I (1060–1108) Harold Godwinson (1066) John (1199–1216) Conrad III (1138–1152) Alexius I (1081–1118) Philip IV “the Fair” (1285–1314) Edward II (1307–1327) Kings of Spain Eastern Emperors Tiberius (14–37) Domitian (81–96) Hadrian (117–138) Commodus (180–192) Diocletian (284–305) Constantine II (337–340) (475–476) Valens (364–378) Meroveus (447–458) Charlemagne (768–814) Louis the Pious (814–840) Eastern Emperors Irene (797–802) St. Louis IX (1226–1270) William I–the Edward I (1272–1307) Frederick I Barbarossa Alexius III (1195–1203) Louis XI (1461–1483) Henry IV (1399–1413) Fernando II (1479–1516) John VII (1425–1448) Tiberius (14–37) Domitian (81–96) Hadrian (117–138) Commodus (180–192) Diocletian (284–305) Constantine II (337–340) (475–476) Valens (364–378) Meroveus (447–458) Charlemagne (768–814) Louis the Pious (814–840) Eastern Emperors Irene (797–802) St. Louis IX (1226–1270) William I–the Edward I (1272–1307) Frederick I Barbarossa Alexius III (1195–1203) Louis XI (1461–1483) Henry IV (1399–1413) Fernando II (1479–1516) John VII (1425–1448) Claudius (41–54) Antoninus Pius Septimus Severus Maxentius (306–312) Constans (337–350) Theodosius II (408–450) Childeric I (458–482) Kings of England Charles the Fat (881–887) Justin I (518–527) Kings of England Conqueror (1066–1087) Holy Roman Emperors (1152–1190) Alexius IV (1203–1204) Charles VIII (1483–1498) Henry V (1413–1422) Holy Roman Emperors Constantine XI (1448–1453) Claudius (41–54) Antoninus Pius Septimus Severus Maxentius (306–312) Constans (337–350) Theodosius II (408–450) Childeric I (458–482) Kings of England Charles the Fat (881–887) Justin I (518–527) Kings of England Conqueror (1066–1087) Holy Roman Emperors (1152–1190) Alexius IV (1203–1204) Charles VIII (1483–1498) Henry V (1413–1422) Holy Roman Emperors Constantine XI (1448–1453) historical Nero (54–68) (138–161) (193–211) Constantius II (337–361) Zeno (474–491) (482–511) Alfred the Great (871–899) Guy of Spoleto (891–894) Justinian I (527–565) St. Edward the Henry II (1154–1189) St. Henry II (1002-1024) Frederick II (1212–1250) Nicholas (1204) Louis XII (1498–1515) Henry VI (1422–1461) Sigismund (1410–1437) historical Nero (54–68) (138–161) (193–211) Constantius II (337–361) Zeno (474–491) Clovis I (482–511) Alfred the Great (871–899) Guy of Spoleto (891–894) Justinian I (527–565) St. Edward the Henry II (1154–1189) St. Henry II (1002-1024) Frederick II (1212–1250) Nicholas (1204) Louis XII (1498–1515) Henry VI (1422–1461) Sigismund (1410–1437) figures St. Stephen Sts. Matthias, Philip, St. (115) St. Cecilia (230) St. Tarsicius (258) St. Blasé (316) St. Basil the Great (329–379) St. Gregory Nazianzen (329–389) St. (376–444) St. Scholastica (480–543) St. St. Wilifrid (709) St. Cyril (827–869) St. (1007–1072) St. St. Raymond á Penafort St. Elizabeth of Portugal (1271–1325) St. John of Capistrano (1386–1456) figures St. Stephen Sts. Matthias, Philip, St. Ignatius of Antioch (115) St. Cecilia (230) St. Tarsicius (258) St. Blasé (316) St. Basil the Great (329–379) St. Gregory Nazianzen (329–389) St. Cyril of Alexandria (376–444) St. Scholastica (480–543) St. Isidore of Seville St. Wilifrid (709) St. Cyril (827–869) St. Peter Damian (1007–1072) St. Anthony of Padua St. Raymond á Penafort St. Elizabeth of Portugal (1271–1325) St. John of Capistrano (1386–1456) St. James the Greater (42) Simon, Thomas St. (155) St. Hippolytus (235) St. Sebastian (302) St. Helena (330) St. (315–368) St. Martin of Tours (316–397) St. (406–450) St. (594) (560–636) St. St. Methodius (826–885) St. (1030–1101) (1195–1231) (1175–1275) St. Bridget of (1303–1373) St. Rita of Cascia (1386–1456) St. James the Greater (42) Simon, Thomas St. Polycarp (155) St. Hippolytus (235) St. Sebastian (302) St. Helena (330) St. Hilary of Poitiers (315–368) St. Martin of Tours (316–397) St. Peter Chrysologus (406–450) St. Gregory of Tours (594) (560–636) St. Bede the Venerable St. Methodius (826–885) St. Bruno (1030–1101) (1195–1231) (1175–1275) St. (1303–1373) St. Rita of Cascia (1386–1456) Sts. Andrew, Sts. Peter & Paul (67) St. (165) St. Agatha (250) Sts. Cosmas & Damien (303) St. Nicholas (346) St. Ephrem (306–373) St. (340–397) St. Patrick (493?) St. Columba (521–597) St. (673–735) St. Wenceslaus (907–929) St. Robert of (1029–1111) St. Elizabeth of St. Albert the Great St. (1350–1419) St. Casimir (1458–1484) Sts. Andrew, Sts. Peter & Paul (67) St. Justin Martyr (165) St. Agatha (250) Sts. Cosmas & Damien (303) St. Nicholas (346) St. Ephrem (306–373) St. Ambrose (340–397) St. Patrick (493?) St. Columba (521–597) St. Maximus the Confessor (673–735) St. Wenceslaus (907–929) St. Robert of Molesme (1029–1111) St. Elizabeth of Hungary St. Albert the Great St. Vincent Ferrer (1350–1419) St. Casimir (1458–1484) saints Bartholomew, Jude, Sts. Timothy & Titus (96) St. Felicity (203) St. (200–258) St. Lucy (304) St. Anthony of Egypt (250–356) St. (315–386) St. (347–407) St. Columban (543–615) (580–662) St. John Damascene St. Norbert (1080–1134) (1207–1231) (1206–1280) St. Bernadine of Siena (1380–1444) saints Bartholomew, Jude, Sts. Timothy & Titus (96) St. Felicity (203) St. Cyprian (200–258) St. Lucy (304) St. Anthony of Egypt (250–356) St. Cyril of Jerusalem (315–386) St. John Chrysostom (347–407) St. Columban (543–615) (580–662) St. John Damascene St. Norbert (1080–1134) (1207–1231) (1206–1280) St. Bernadine of Siena (1380–1444) Matthew, James the Less St. Perpetua (203) St. Lawrence (258) St. Agnes (306) St. Pachomius (290–348) St. Monica (322–387) St. (342–420) (676–749) St. (1098–1179) St. (1165–1265) St. Francis Assisi St. Anthony of Padua St. Thomas Aquinas St. (1384–1440) St. Rita of Cascia St. Bridget of Sweden Matthew, James the Less St. Perpetua (203) St. Lawrence (258) St. Agnes (306) St. Pachomius (290–348) St. Monica (322–387) St. Jerome (342–420) (676–749) St. Hildegard of Bingen (1098–1179) St. Simon Stock (1165–1265) St. Francis Assisi St. Anthony of Padua St. Thomas Aquinas St. Frances of Rome (1384–1440) St. Rita of Cascia St. Bridget of Sweden

Josephus writes the Jewish War (67–70) Pantheon, Rome (118–125) Life of –Church historian St. Paul Outside the Walls (390) St. Sophia (Hagia Sophia) built (537) (640) St. Bede’s, Ecclesiastical History Palace Chapel of The Bayeux Tapestry (1080) Sainte Chapelle, Paris (1243–1248) The , Geoffrey Chaucer (1387) type by Johann The Last Supper, Josephus writes the Jewish War (67–70) Pantheon, Rome (118–125) Life of Eusebius–Church historian St. Paul Outside the Walls (390) St. Sophia (Hagia Sophia) built (537) Lindisfarne monastery (640) St. Bede’s, Ecclesiastical History Palace Chapel of The Bayeux Tapestry (1080) Sainte Chapelle, Paris (1243–1248) The Divine Comedy, Geoffrey Chaucer (1387) type by Johann The Last Supper, The Completion of the Colosseum (80) Hadrian’s Wall (122–127) (264–340) St. Jerome & the (382) Iona Monastery (563) Beowulf (650) (731) Charlemagne, Aachen (805) Domesday Book (1085) (1315) , Gutenburg (1440) Leonardo de Vinci The Completion of the Colosseum (80) Hadrian’s Wall (122–127) (264–340) St. Jerome & the Vulgate (382) Iona Monastery (563) Beowulf (650) (731) Charlemagne, Aachen (805) Domesday Book (1085) Dante Alighieri (1315) The Imitation of Christ, Gutenburg (1440) Leonardo de Vinci culture culture The Colosseum Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations (174) Ecclesiastical History (325) St. Augustine’s Writings (604) Dome of the Rock (691) Song of Roland (778) St. Denis & Suger, (1140) Decameron,Giovanni Thomas a Kempis (1425) (1495–1498) The Colosseum Marcus Aurelius’ Meditations (174) Ecclesiastical History (325) St. Augustine’s Writings Gregorian Chant (604) Dome of the Rock (691) Song of Roland (778) St. Denis & Abbot Suger, Gothic Architecture (1140) Decameron,Giovanni Thomas a Kempis (1425) Sistine Chapel (1495–1498) Apology, (197) Basilica of St. John Lateran (324) Confessions (401) Koran compiled (633) Lindisfarne produced (721) (799) Notre Dame Cathedral (1163–1220) Boccaccio (1353) Invention of printing constructed (1473–1481) Pietà by Michelangelo Apology, Tertullian (197) Basilica of St. John Lateran (324) Confessions (401) Koran compiled (633) Lindisfarne Gospels produced (721) Book of Kells (799) Notre Dame Cathedral (1163–1220) Boccaccio (1353) Invention of printing constructed (1473–1481) Pietà by Michelangelo events & Life & Writings of (185–253) Hadrian’s Wall Old St. Peter’s (350) City of (413–427) St. John Lateran Basilica Aristotle’s Metaphysics translated into (1210) Notre Dame Cathedral Sainte Chapelle Canterbury Tales, by moveable metal (1498–1500) eventsPietà & Life & Writings of Origen (185–253) Hadrian’s Wall Old St. Peter’s (350) City of God (413–427) St. John Lateran Basilica Aristotle’s Metaphysics translated into Latin (1210) Notre Dame Cathedral Sainte Chapelle Canterbury Tales, by moveable metal (1498–1500) Pietà influences Roman invasion of Britain (43) Last Revolt of the Jews (132–135) Constantinople made capital of (330) invade Britain (446) Muslims capture Alexandria (647) Treaty of Verdun, portioning of Leif Ericsson’s voyage to North Battle of Hastings (1066) Knights of the Cross (Teutonic) ’s Expedition to China Hundred Years War (1337–1453) Battle of Bosworth–Tudor influences Roman invasion of Britain (43) Last Revolt of the Jews (132–135) Constantinople made capital of Roman Empire (330) Saxons invade Britain (446) Muslims capture Alexandria (647) Treaty of Verdun, portioning of Leif Ericsson’s voyage to North Battle of Hastings (1066) Knights of the Cross (Teutonic) Marco Polo’s Expedition to China Hundred Years War (1337–1453) Battle of Bosworth–Tudor Dynasty Jewish Revolt (66) Diocletian Reform of Roman Government (293–305) Franks invade (341) the Hun threatens Rome (452) Muslims invade Spain (711) Carolingian Empire (843) America (1003) El Cid’s Campaign against the Moors founded (1190) (1271–1295) Battle of Agincourt (1415) established (1485) Jewish Revolt (66) Diocletian Reform of Roman Government (293–305) Franks invade Gaul (341) Attila the Hun threatens Rome (452) Muslims invade Spain (711) Carolingian Empire (843) America (1003) El Cid’s Campaign against the Moors founded (1190) (1271–1295) Battle of Agincourt (1415) established (1485) The Fortress of Masada falls (73) Battle of Adrianople (378) “King” Arthur fights the Saxons(500) The Donation of Pepin (754) Paris sacked by Vikings (845) Church of the Holy Sepulchure at (1094–1099) England becomes a papal fief 1213)( William Wallace’s revolt–Battle of The Battle of Orléans (1429) Spanish Conquest of Granada (1492) The Fortress of Masada falls (73) Battle of Adrianople (378) “King” Arthur fights the Saxons(500) The Donation of Pepin (754) Paris sacked by Vikings (845) Church of the Holy Sepulchure at (1094–1099) England becomes a papal fief 1213)( William Wallace’s revolt–Battle of The Battle of Orléans (1429) Spanish Conquest of Granada (1492) politics Alaric & the (410) sacked by Vikings (836) Otto I-Restoration of the Empire (962) Jerusalem destroyed by Muslims (1009) Order of Knights Templars founded (1120) The Magna Carta (1215) Stirling Bridge (1297) Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) Christopher Columbus’ Voyages to politics Alaric & the Sack of Rome (410) London sacked by Vikings (836) Otto I-Restoration of the Empire (962) Jerusalem destroyed by Muslims (1009) Order of Knights Templars founded (1120) The Magna Carta (1215) Stirling Bridge (1297) Wars of the Roses (1455–1487) Christopher Columbus’ Voyages to invade Africa (430) Vikings colonize Greenland (982) the New World (1492–1504) Vandals invade Africa (430) Vikings colonize Greenland (982) the New World (1492–1504)

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