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Report for ADEQ on Alternative Technologies Project

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Report for ADEQ on Alternative Technologies Project THERMAL CONSTRUCTION AND ALTERNATIVE HEATING AND COOKING TECHNOLOGIES Final Report Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology University of Arizona August 2006 This page intentionally left blank. THERMAL CONSTRUCTION AND ALTERNATIVE HEATING AND COOKING TECHNOLOGIES Final Report Prepared for: José Rodriguez Edna Mendoza Arizona Department of Environmental Quality Tucson, AZ Prepared by: Diane Austin Brian Burke Krisna Ruette Jeremy Slack Ronald H. Villanueva Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona With the assistance of: Paola Canova Rolando Diaz Brian Hawkins Samantha Herr Thomas Lance Rudolfo Poe August 29, 2006 Any ADEQ translation or communication in a language other than English is unofficial and not binding on the State of Arizona. Cualquier traducción o comunicado de ADEQ en un idioma diferente al inglés no es oficial y no sujetará al Estado de Arizona a ninguna obligación jurídica. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................III LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ V EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... VII CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND ON THE PROBLEM...................................................... 1 Air Quality...................................................................................................................................................1 Burning for Household Heating and Cooking..........................................................................................3 Home Construction, Insulation, and Thermal Efficiency .......................................................................3 Outline of Report ........................................................................................................................................4 CHAPTER TWO: DESCRIPTION OF METHOD AND PROCESS ..................................... 5 Project Organization ..................................................................................................................................5 Site Description ...........................................................................................................................................6 Stove Research ............................................................................................................................................8 Identifying Alternatives.................................................................................................................................8 Assessing Appropriateness for Nogales and Selecting Three Alternatives...................................................8 Identifying and Assessing Potential Partners ...............................................................................................9 Using Workshops to Introduce Technologies and Select Local Research Partners...................................10 Redesigning Stoves and Modifying Stove Use to Increase their Suitability for Nogales............................10 Hands-On Workshops .................................................................................................................................11 Monitoring and Evaluating Use and Acceptability for Nogales.................................................................13 Construction Research .............................................................................................................................13 Identifying Alternatives...............................................................................................................................13 Assessing Appropriateness for Nogales and Selecting Three Alternatives.................................................14 Identifying and Assessing Potential Partners .............................................................................................14 Using Workshops to Introduce Technologies and Assess Local Interest....................................................14 CHAPTER THREE: ASSESSMENT FINDINGS................................................................... 16 Stoves – Issues for Nogales .......................................................................................................................16 Literature Review........................................................................................................................................16 Focus Groups, Interviews, and Workshops ................................................................................................17 Integrating Data from Literature and Initial Assessment: Alternative Cooking Stoves for Nogales..........18 Redesigning Stoves to Increase Their Suitability for Nogales....................................................................23 Monitoring and Evaluating Use..................................................................................................................24 Stoves Summary ..........................................................................................................................................37 Construction – Issues for Nogales............................................................................................................37 Literature Review and Interviews with Experts ..........................................................................................38 Interviews, Workshops, and External Home Assessment............................................................................40 Construction Summary................................................................................................................................42 Summary of Key Findings........................................................................................................................42 i CHAPTER FOUR: ACTION PLAN ........................................................................................ 45 REFERENCES CITED.............................................................................................................. 48 APPENDICES............................................................................................................................. 50 Appendix 1: Photos of Commonly Used Stoves in Nogales, Sonora.....................................................51 Appendix 2: Alternative Stove Technologies Matrix.............................................................................53 Appendix 3: Questions to Guide Focus Group Discussions ..................................................................64 Appendix 4: Introductory Workshop Agenda and Handouts ..............................................................66 Appendix 5: Handouts for Stove Re-Design Competition.....................................................................75 Appendix 6: Stove Monitoring Forms.....................................................................................................94 Appendix 7: Alternative Construction Technologies Matrix..............................................................100 Appendix 8: Worksheet for Housing Construction Assessment.........................................................118 Appendix 9. Presentation for Workshop on Housing Construction Alternatives.............................123 ii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Summary of Introductory Workshops ......................................................................... 10 Table 2.2. Summary of Stove Workshops and Outcomes ............................................................ 12 Table 3.1. Fuel Requirements and Emissions for Select Stoves................................................... 21 Table 3.2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Stoves Discussed in Introductory Workshops...... 21 Table 3.3. Selection of Stove Based on Initial Fuel Use .............................................................. 25 Table 3.4. Use of Solar Hotpot for Common Foods..................................................................... 25 Table 3.5. Reduction in Wood Use for Foods Prepared in Alternative Stoves ............................ 26 Table 3.6. Marta’s Cooking Habits March –June 2006................................................................ 28 Table 3.7. Julia’s Cooking Habits before receiving the Solar Pot................................................ 30 Table 3.8. Julia’s Cooking Habits March –July 2006................................................................... 30 Table 3.9. Lupitas Cooking Habits before receive the Solar Pot.................................................. 32 Table 3.10. Lupita’s Cooking Habits May –July 2006................................................................. 33 Table 3.11. Ana Maria’s Cooking Habits before receive the Solar Pot........................................ 34 Table 3.12. Berta’s Cooking Habits before receive the Solar Pot ................................................ 36 Table 3.13. Advantages and Disadvantages of Three Selected Construction Technologies........ 41 Table 4.1. Actions to Further the Development of Alternative Technologies in Nogales............ 47 iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Research design for assessing the appropriateness of alternative heating, cooking, and construction technologies in Nogales, Sonora.......................................................................
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