1st Semester 2016 / Issue 07 Q s NRDC-GR erald Exercise “GORDIAN KNOT 2016" (page 30)

THE MAGAZINE OF NATO RAPID DEPLOYABLE CORPS - GREECE July 1st Semester 2014 2016/ issue / Issue 03 07 overview EDITORIAL BOARD Public Affairs Office EDITORIAL Chief PAO/PAA OF-5 (HAF) Stavros SIDIROPOULOS Dear readers, Chief PA Plans and Analysis OF-4 (HAF) Grigorios PAPAKONSTANTINOU Chief Media OPS/Deputy Chief PAO/PAA OF-3 (HEA) Elias NIKEZIS Once more it is our pleasure to welcome you in the new, Chief Social Media OF-1 (HEA) Sotirios ROUMELIOTIS Chief Production OR-9 (HEA) Georgios THEODOROU seventh issue of our Headquarters magazine, HERALD NRDC-GR. Photographer OR-6 (HEA) Alexandros ATSKAKANIS Here we bring you the views, opinions and experiences of the Communication Information NRDC-GR staff and others in the NΑΤΟ forces as well as views Tel.: +30 2310 882452 / IVSN 451-2452 and beliefs of subject master experts and special guest, hoping email: [email protected], email: [email protected] to provide you with the most current and informed perspectives www.nrdc.gr Twitter: @NRDC-GR on military, security, collaborative activities, historical, science, Facebook: NATO Rapid Deployeable Corps - Greece cultural and other issues of a global interest. YouTube Channel: www.youtube.com/use Up to now 2016 has been a very busy year, full of achieving editorial objectives and overcoming obstacles and challenges, as NRDC- NRDC-GR HQs Commander’s address p.01 GR worked with members and organisations from over 20 na- special guests tions to complete the Exercise Gordian Knot ’16, that consisted the first big step on the transition of our Headquarters to a Joint A comprehensive approach by theChief of Staff (COS) of Task Force HQ. We want to extend our acknowledgement of the Kosovo Force (KFOR) Brigadier General Janson D. BOYLES p.02 Close Support to KFOR from Thessaloniki, Greece p.04 tremendous efforts given on the part of all participants and con- Information Concerning the AMSCC p.07 tributing national and multi-national personnel. NMIOTC, a Critical Infrastructure for NATO in the Eastern Mediterranean p.09 It has been a year since the great leap forward in NRDC- EXERCISE “GORDIAN KNOT 2016” - Through the Eyes of a GR’s online presence and visibility, when we first started NRDC- Journalist p.12 GR twitter and Facebook accounts, while still maintaining the articles NRDC-GR YouTube channel and Flickr. The Public Affairs office, always trying to keep up with the latest updates, has this year Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance p.14 NRDC-GR Air Operations Coordination Centre p.16 upgraded NRDC-GR’s website (www.nrdc. gr). It will be our plea- NRDC-GR Change of Command p.20 sure to visit us in our new, upgraded website and follow us on Globalization: A Simple Approach of the Modern Life p.22 our social media. One Way Ticket Full of Hopes and Fears for Migrant and Refugee Children p.27 The Public Affairs Office would like to express its apprecia- Exercise “GORDIAN KNOT 2016” tion to our contributing guests and writers for the articles, inter- Joint Task Force - Test One p.30 views, news and events coverage, and more. We remind you that An Interview with the Outgoing NRDC-GR Dcos RSC BGen (ITA A) Brouno MORACE p.33 the views expressed in the articles are those of the contributing writers and do not represent the official opinions of NRDC-GR or seminars - conferences NATO. In addition, we want to thank our readers for their sup- NRDC-GR Affiliation Conference 2016 p.35 port. We value your contributions, criticisms, and praises in our Exercise GOKT-16 Main Planning Conference 2016 p.36 goal of informing you on the latest developments at NRDC-Gr NRDC-GR Extraordinary Plenary Conference 2016 p.37 Headquarters. Any input and ideas you may have to improve the NRDC-GR Exercise “GORDIAN BONUS I/16” p.38 NRDC-GR AOCC Seminar “IKAROS I/16” p.39 experience we deliver are greatly appreciated, and we welcome Enhancing the “Operational Mindset” p.40 individuals who wish to write and be included in our next issue. A Milestone Towards NRDC-GR Transition to JTF HQ p.41 “Dynamic Targeting Course” in NRDC-GR p.42 Before closing, we wish you and your families, health and 5th GRF(L) HQ’s Chiefs of Staff Conference Hosted by prosperity, and all the best in your endeavours and efforts for NRDC GR HQ p.43 the rest of the year.

community relations Until next time, NRDC-GR Commander Receives the Visit of NRDC-ITA Commander p.44 NRDC-GR Celebrates the Bulgarian Liberation Day p.45 NRDC-GR Celebrates the Anniversary of the Hellenic Revolution of March 25th, 1821 p.46 Elias NIKEZIS Chief of Staff of KFOR visits NRDC-GR HQ p.47 OF-3 (HE A) NRDC-GR Celebrates the Italian Republic Day p.48 Chief Media OPS/Deputy CPAO/PAA United Kingdom’s 104th Logistic Support Brigade NRDC-GR/PAO Delegation Visit NRDC-GR Ex.”GORDIAN KNOT 2015” p.49 Italian “FRIULI” Division Delivers Insignia to NRDC-GR p.50 July 1st Semester 2014 2016/ issue / Issue 03 07 EDITORIAL Commander NRDC - GR HQs Lieutenant General Alkiviadis STEFANIS

I want all personnel to understand their role and importance of NRDC-GR’s mission. I want to develop an environ- ment of trust, at all levels, within the chain of command and be ready to con- front emerging crisis by following pro- cesses and procedures, while pursuing CIMIC cooperation. Above all, I want us to maintain our rapid deployment ca- pability in the frame of NATO commit- ment, including the LTRP. As we continue the demanding path to transformation in order to become a JTF HQs in 2018, we recently completed this year’s capstone exercise “Gordian Knot 2016” at where critical fundamen- tals of operations at the joint level were tested, with the emphasis placed on the deployment of JLSG and ICE. This exer- cise continues the NRDC-GR process of its near term objective of becoming a JTF HQ able to undertake Land-centric Heavy SJO and leads to the “Gordian Knot 2017” In an increasingly complex securi- As the current Commander it is my (GOKT-17). GOKT-17 is our next critical ty environment, the nature of threats great privilege to lead NRDC-GR to the building block to our evolution to a highly will continue to evolve. Alliance security next level of readiness as a JTF. In order integrated, multinational unit that will be could be threatened by competing val- to that I’m obliged to share my vision and deployed when and as required. ues and ideas from actors who promote Commander’s intent with you. The achievements of NRDC-GR are a alternatives to democracy, human rights I envision NRDC-GR to evolve in a direct result of the organization’s efforts, and the rule of law. These threats might modern unit that can operate in a com- personnel, framework nations, dedica- be complex in nature; they may be inter- plex environment within the framework tion and professionalism. Our evolution connected, unpredictable and a combi- of the Alliance, infused with the mili- to a successful organization, adaptable, nation of traditional warfare mixed with tary values, professionalism, optimism able to carry out a full range of missions, terrorism. while empowered by exquisite human is an unswerving reflection, of its person- As consequence, the security of the relationships, able to conduct a rapid nel hard work and did not go unnoticed. Alliance is tied to the readiness of NATO deployment. I would like to thank each one of you for capabilities. NRDC-GR over the last de- My intent is directly related to the making this unit a great organization and cade has evolved quickly to become a NRDC-GR’s mission and role concerning I know that you will continue to build our structured, flexible and credible organiza- its contribution to the defense of the Al- path to success. tion that is ready to meet the challenges liance. of executing joint operations. 01 special guests A comprehensive approach by the Chief of Staff (COS) of Kosovo Force (KFOR) Brigadier General Janson D. BOYLES

est in Kosovo, it goes beyond just KFOR. They participate because they have a real interest, which in turn improves the country. More international actors have been engaged in Kosovo from the beginning of the crisis to support the develop- ments of a stable, democratic, multi- ethnic and peaceful Kosovo. HOW do you find the cooperation with all these entities, especially NGO’s and Interna- tional Organizations?

They are all making a contribution. The International partners all contribute On May 23rd, 2016, Chief of Staff to build peace and stability in the area. in their own way. UNMIC provides a lot of (COS) of Kosovo Force (KFOR) Brigadier I would like to ask you: How many coun- foundation for what we do; OSMIC con- General Janson D. BOYLES visited NATO tries consist today this NATO –Led Ko- tributes in the legal areas. OSCE protects Rapid Deployable Corps Greece Head- sovo Force? the elections, EULEX provides security quarters (NRDC-GR HQ) and Public Af- protection protocols and KFOR provides fairs Team had the opportunity to have a We have 31 Nations participating in security. All the Chiefs of Staff of each of 20 minutes interview with the General. many different skill sets. We have engi- those organizations meet on a regular Janson D. BOYLES is an experienced neers from certain countries, we have basis. We compare notes to make sure General and leading expert on Shaping security personnel from other countries, that we all know each other what is do- the Changes, like back in 2005, in the and most of the countries participate ing, what our priorities are for that topic; States when he managed the engineer in the KFOR staff. The Swiss, Italians, our communication is very strong. I keep response to Hurricane Katrina in Mis- and Turkish contingents provide a lot of saying that I am very impressed with the sissippi, from state disaster relief to fed- situational awareness for the popula- leadership that I see in these organiza- eral combat rotations, General Janson tion force. The Italians and the US pro- tions, the passion about what they want D. BOYLES talks about KFOR’s ‘’Success vide a kinetic asset force in the Region; to accomplish, they always want to ac- Story ‘’ and the dangers - threats the Re- we work very well together. I am very complish something positive for Kosovo. gion will came across in the near future. impressed with our partners from the NATO and Non-NATO countries. I have So you are satisfied? Good morning Ladies and Gen- a favorable impression of each country I tlemen I would like to welcome in NRDC- have worked with at KFOR. I am. GR HQ premises the Chief of Staff (COS) of Kosovo Force (KFOR) Brigadier Gen- So all these countries are working The last years NATO has been gradu- eral Janson D. BOYLES, General welcome well with NATO countries? ally adjusting KFOR posture towards a again, smaller and more flexible force. Is this a They are working very well, for exam- limiting factor for your mission, accord- Sir, NATO has been leading a peace- ple, the Swiss contingent made a big con- ing the current security situation espe- support operation in Kosovo since 1999 tribution in the area. What I found is that cially up in the fragile NORTH? in support of wider international efforts a lot of non-NATO countries have inter- 02 special guests

So that’s a great question, because NY Times published recently an article tical support. Could you tell us a few that’s one the top issues in our agenda. related to Islamic extremism and char- words about the current Greek contribu- We have been looking at posture in Af- acterized Kosovo as a pipeline for jihad- tion, including COMMZ South which is rica and Europe and we’ve been making ists. According this article Kosovo police located here, in the city of Thessaloniki? some changes to that posture. We got re- identified 314 Kosovars – including two action from SHAPE, which was to reduce suicide bombers, 44 woman and 28 chil- Greek contribution is broader than our numbers. We have not reduced our dren- who have gone abroad to join the just what we do here. The Greek contin- numbers, but we can better deploy the Islamic State, the highest number per gent provides security for Film City, in a soldiers that we have. We have all been capital in Europe. Do you consider this very professional way. They work very working for the past year to go from a issue as a threat to KFOR, as well as, to hard; actually, they spend a lot of hours kinetic posture to a NON Kinetic posture the region for the future? in these positions and the Gates have to because the Kosovo Police have a very be very visional with stamina. It requires good handle on the population, the pro- So I think the numbers are actually not only stamina, but awareness. I am tests, and the freedom of movement. higher than that to be honest. [We] are very impressed with the job and they do Therefore, we are not needed as much looking at the numbers more you know. it with a smile. The Greek contingent also in those scenarios. There are other areas We know that because of the economy in has staff positions, so that leads to COM- we are needed, [for example] you men- Kosovo, what we are seeing is gang men MZ. It is a logistical hub for KFOR and it’s a tioned terrorism earlier in our interview. do not have any opportunity in Kosovo. very important position because this one We need better situational awareness They go off, become fighters, and have sea pod brings the supplies and equip- about what is happening to the popula- some pride for what they do. We see ment to the troops through this location tion, [and] how we can influence [in -or some of them going off and they come in Thessaloniki. That’s why I am here; we der] to provide better security in depth back less charmed. We still consider it a have a very good relationship with them for the population. The days [of] Kosovo threat; [but,] we can’t predict what their and check them to make sure they are ac- reacting to riots are probably over - be reaction would be in Kosovo. We know complishing the goal. cause the Kosovo Police do a good job. they are real threats in Kosovo, to the population, and KFOR. A last question, at Camp Shelby in You mean that belongs to the past? 2014, you took a dip in the dunk tank Such as? during a Family Day, if you will be asked It does. Well just like anywhere, we have radi- to do it again, for a good cause like fund cal mosques. raising, will you say YES? General, KFOR is definitely an essen- tial element of regional stability in the Not specific kinetic? Of course. I did it that day for the sol- Balkans. Can you explain to us which are diers. To be very honest with you, I was the key elements to consider its mission Not specific kinetic threats, KFOR is getting wet that day one way or the oth- as a “SUCCESS Story?” aware that we have gang men. We are er, the condition was to get in the lake. aware that some of them are determined. We were having a picnic, so I thought Another good question, because what I know that President Thaci had said that that taking a dump in the tank by a base- we are seeing is countries who’ve been the numbers increased. At the end of the ball would be less threatening than in the in Kosovo while others still provide a safe day, terrorism is a threat anywhere, so lake. It was just good fun, I can’t believe and secure environment for Kosovo and KFOR’s vision is to protect ourselves from you know that. citizens. We recognize a lot of the chal- that threat. It is more likely that Kosovo is lenges that are faced in the future are more of a safe haven for these gang men General I would like to thank you very regional, not necessarily Kosovo specific. to go somewhere else and that’s what we much for this short but very interesting So, I think we will continue to have an are seeing. interview. interesting Kosovo because it is a- Re gional cornerstone for our presence in Sir, we know that Greece supports the whole Region, does that answer your KFOR mission in multiple manners, in question? Yes. terms of troops, equipment and logis-

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Close Support to KFOR from Thessaloniki, Greece

Are you considering Support for KFOR or even NATO in Greece? Look- ing to support movements of forces or equipment? Even looking for some recreation? Well think out of the box, think Thessaloniki and Communication Overview of the Camp “KODRA” Zone South [COMMZ (S)]. Thessaloniki is never too far when support for KFOR begin-ning of the KFOR Mission. ACP or NATO is required. COMMZ (S) is the closed in 2007. breathing heart of KFOR support in Greece. With the liaison and coordination of COMMZ (S) more than 135.000 NATO troops, accompanying equipment and supplies have been moved successful- ly through Greece taking advantage of country’s vast capabilities.

So consider experience and knowl- edge granted. COMMZ(S) until now con- tinues to do its work for more than 15 COMMZ (S) is located in Camp KODRA years uninterrupted. in Kalamaria Thessaloniki. Camp exists What Thessaloniki, in terms of sup- since 1915 when it staged French Forces porting KFOR mission, has to offer? First for the World War I, it has been staging of all it is the biggest port in the Balkans, a NATO Base since 1973. Initially was an when measuring size, cargo capabilities, Allied Forces South Advance Command storage, staging and marshaling areas. Post (ACP) that moved here from an old More than 1.5 mil m2 of harbor area and more than 6.5 km of quay are available. classic building of the city. ACP existed in Combining that with the road and rail- Thessaloniki since 1953. In 1999 COM- way inside the port it is a unique char- MZ(S) was established in the Camp to acteristic. support KFOR operations from the very

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in terms of Greek Host Nation Support communication node capable of provid- are available to KFOR mission. They can ing all the necessary communication for support all classes of equipment and ser- the mission. With its equipment and ex- vices like accommodation, transporta- perience the COMMZ(S) personnel can tion, refueling , staging ,recovery , force de-conflict and coordinate movements protection and not limited only to them. from single ones to large scale move- And COMMZ(S) can liaise successfully ments and convoys. with both of them. Even the Camp itself can offer limited

Gateway to Kosovo: Being the second largest The 424 General Military Hospital in Greece, the seaport of Thessaloniki is the of Thessaloniki, a very modern and well main gateway to Kosovo. equipped hospital is ready to offer role 4 medical support in peacetime and in operations.

Large Scale KFOR Movement in Greece but excellent reception and staging ca- pabilities. First of all it is ideally located in Thessaloniki with a view of the open of Thermaikos Gulf, overseeing both the Airport: The airport in Thessaloniki, second Airport and Sea Port of Thessaloniki. The largest in Greece, is essential for KFOR move- ments. 424 General Field Hospital seaside view of Thessaloniki from the And in the very heart of Thessaloniki Camp is breathtaking. Thessaloniki is also suitable due to is COMMZ (S). With its constant and re- The Camp itself has also staging ca- its excellent transportation capabilities. liable liaison with the Greek authorities, Think of rail network and vast highways military and civilian, COMMZ(S) is avail- begging from the Port or the Airport able to NATO forces 24/7. of Thessaloniki, extending throughout Greece East to West and South to North reaching central and east Europe and from Thessaloniki the eastern Mediter- ranean and the whole world.

Thessaloniki is the second biggest market in Greece. With a population of over one million offers a big market with a vast range of supplies and services for COMMZ(S) Staff KFOR. Colonel Kostarelos, Commander of COMMZ (S) and his five enthusiast, pro- Thessaloniki is also the headquarters fessional officers and civilians can liaise of the 3rd Army Corps, a NATO Rapid to all available assets and plan reception Deployable Corps, and the headquar- staging and onward movement opera- Camp KODRA Accommodations ters of Greek Army Support Division. The tions in Greece for them successfully. pabilities. It can stage 40 people in lately combined support capabilities of them COMMZ (S) owns a high tech NATO renovated rooms. It provides a full range 05 special guests

of indoor capabilities like on call meals, a well-equipped Gym, indoor bar, Wi-Fi in- ternet connection, refueling station and many others. Camp KODRA has also the necessary

Camp KODRA Dinning Facilities

will offer you a really close support. Find out for yourself.

Camp KODRA GYM

Camp KODRA Conference Room

Finally, COMMZ (S) has organized a number of LIVEXs either in the sea port Charalambos PALLIOUDIS Camp KODRA White Tower Bar of Thessaloniki or in its installations. OF-3 (HE A) Deputy Commander & So, do you consider support for large Movement Coordination Center Chief COMMZ(S) scale movements through Greece? You now know that Communication Zone South is always in Thessaloniki to help you to organize each single aspect of the operation. You know that there are offi- cers and civilians there devoted to NATO Camp KODRA Recreation Area forces. You know that you can plan there means to host conferences for up to 40 your movements with the full Greek sup- people in the Camp’s two state of the art port, stay there, conduct your confer- conference rooms. ences or even have fun. COMMZ(S) staff 06 special guests

Information Concerning the AMSCC

Hellenic MoD. Aiming to resolve strategic sealift shortfalls for its member States / Organi- zations, especially for NATO and EU-led operations/exercises, AMSCC’s mission is to find suitable transportation assets, at market competitive prices, through Procurement procedures in line with Di- rective 2009/81/EC. T he Athens Multinational Sealift In accordance with the Directive towards all vessels in the world through Coordination Center (AMSCC) is a mul- 2009/81/EC of the European Parliament the existing close cooperation of the tinational independent organization,- es and of the council of 13 July 2009, Article center with the Hellenic Chamber of tablished in 2004, which operates under 33(7), acquisition of sealift could be real- Shipping. the auspices of the Hellenic Ministry of ized till 5 month from the date of send- The vessels database is the main tool Defence and the Hellenic National -De ing request to AMSCC. In the case of high of the Center since provides detailed in- fence General Staff. The Center is being readiness forces, the directive allows to formation about companies, their capa- supported by the Hellenic Chamber of cut down the process in to half of time in bilities etc. As a result of that the data- Shipping and the Union of Hellenic Ship- accordance with Article 28(1)(c). base is updated minimally two times per owners. In response to immediate needs (hu- year. These days, the database consists Currently ten (10) European Nations manitarian operations), for instance of 160 commercial ships of several types and three (3) International Organizations evacuation of citizens from area affected (e.g. RO-RO Passenger, multi-purpose, have become Members of the Center, by natural disaster, AMSCC is using “pool tankers, containers, general cargo and signing bilateral agreements with the of vessels”. Nevertheless, AMSCC is not bulk carriers). Hellenic Ministry of Defense, concern- limited to the database and it can turn The AMSCC’s services are provided to ing cooperation with the AMSCC. In chronological order the following ten (10) European Countries have become AMSCC’s Partners/users: Italy, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Cy- prus, Slovakia, Hungary, Portugal and Bulgaria. Members of the Center are also the following International Organiza- tions: NATO/SHAPE and E.U. «ATHENA» Financial Mechanism. Additionally, the Center has in effect Standing Operating Procedures (SOPs) with the European Union Military Staff (EUMS). Finally bi- lateral negotiations are in progress with Serbia, Croatia and Montenegro, follow- ing their interest expressed during the Military Cooperation Programs with the 07 special guests

JLSG HQ and Multinational Integrated Logistics Units processes and to exercise theatre logistics utilizing MILUs. Partici- pating nations contributed logistics as- sets, equipment and logistics personnel. The role of AMSCC during CL 15 was dedi- cated to EXCON MEL/MIL. Recently AMSCC conducted Multi- modal Transportation Seminar 17-19 May its members at no costs; since the Cent- 2016. The seminar presented thorough ship status, which will consist of three er’s operating costs are funded by the overview about Multimodal Transporta- types of affiliated entities such as- Mem Hellenic Ministry of Defence. Further- tion Operations, procedures, constrains, bers States being part of EU/EEA and/or more, the utilisation of the AMSCC’s ser- advantages, standards and regulations NATO, Member states which are not part vices is optional, since member Nations for better understanding of planning and of EU/EEA and/or NATO, and Observer / Organizations reserve the right to use feasibility of multimodal transport in ac- states/organizations. Each of abovemen- other means of movement and transpor- cordance with NATO, EU regulations. Fur- tioned categories is going to have differ- tation, alternative to the ones provided thermore, this initiative has enhanced ent rights and privileges in relation to its by the Center. participation in AMSCC mechanism. The AMSCC commitments are not Then the most significant ambition is only dedicated to realization of transpor- to extent AMSCC`s operational capaci- tation needs. The second important com- ties, with the inclusion of Air and Land mitment is to provide expertise support transportation besides the already exist- NATO and EU operations and exercises. ing Sea transportation. Consequently the Like AMSCC has participated at Capable AMSCC will be upgraded to a multimodal Logistician Exercise succession. organization. Exercise Capable Logistician 2015 Nevertheless, the second important profound confidence within NATO and (CL15) was a Logistic Standardization and objective for AMSCC is to facilitate the mutual cooperation between NATO and Interoperability Field Training Exercise in role as issuing contracting authority - re EU partnership to minimize shortfalls in Hungary focusing on logistics command garding its members in view of upcoming strategic transport. Above mentioned and control as well as theatre level logis- developments in the field of EU military success has been accomplished due to tics. CL15 provide training opportunity procurement which has to be responding willingness and erudition of lectors and for TRJE15 participants of individuals and to the new organizational structure. units. The main focus was on JLSG opera- contribution and interest from NATO, EU tional level and tactical logistic support , public and private sector audience. planning, whilst conducting Interoper- Being part of ambitious reestablish- ability trials and training participants for ment project of Greek strategic transport & movement field, the AMSCC`s restruc- turing will take place by means of legis- lative initiative which is focused on rear- rangement of AMSCC`s organizational structure, aiming to simplifying and facili- tating operational flexibility and prompt Themistoklis DIMOU reaction in view of an exponential growth OF-4 (HE A) in future demands. Next initiative is the Planning Section NMIOTC introduction of a reshaped member- 08 special guests NMIOTC, a Critical Infrastructure for NATO in the Eastern Mediterranean

capabilities in order to effectively cope The Centre, as part of the Alliance’s with the present and the emerging transformational network, conducts threats, and to this aim new training re- combined theoretical and practical quirements have been set. In the field of training necessary for NATO forces and Maritime Interdiction Operations (MIO), Partners to better execute surface, sub- T he maritime environment is char- NMIOTC responds to these requirements surface, aerial surveillance and special acterized by complexity and diversity, and leads the effort throughout the Al- operations activities in support of Mari- and while it offers by its own nature liance and beyond, and aims at improv- time Interdiction Operations, and trains broad freedom to nations to exploit this ing the capability of allied and partner naval units and specialized teams in the domain, it also is vulnerable to activities naval units in the conduct of interdiction safe conduct of MIO. NMIOTC not only that threaten the security of seafarers operations to enable them to deal with aims at improving allied and partner ves- and the safe flow of world commerce a wide range of maritime security chal- sels’ expertise in MIO while promoting at sea. The threats to the maritime do- lenges. skills, interoperability and cooperation main include activities related to terror- NMIOTC is a NATO Education and among them, but also supports the Su- ism (or support to it), human trafficking, Training Facility (NETF), multi-nationally preme Allied Command Transformation piracy, proliferation of Weapons of Mass and jointly manned and commanded by in developing MIO tactical doctrine, and Destruction and are often connected to a Flag Officer of the Hellenic Navy. The to this aim provides SACT with propos- the transnational organized crime, with Centre is associated with the Allied Com- als for new doctrines, tactics and pro- a global reach from or through the sea. mand Transformation (ACT), with which cedures and supports the research and The global security challenges, includ- closely coordinates to get directions experimentation of equipments and the ing but not limited to those mentioned and guidance on training, and has strong modeling and simulation to develop new above, have led the NATO to seek new links with other NATO and partner mari- methods and procedures on a wide op- time entities, in particular with the oth- erational range. er NATO training providers such as the Our aim is to develop a diverse and NATO School Oberammergau (NSO), the highly effective Maritime Interdiction NATO Communications and Information Operations workforce by mean of educa- Systems School (NCISS) in Latina, NATO tion and training, mentoring operational Defense College (NDC) in Rome, the Joint teams and individuals and providing Warfare Centre (JWC) in Stavanger, Joint them with opportunities to gain experi- Forces Training Centre (JFTC) in Bydgo- ence and increase their capacity at full szcz and the Joint Analysis and Lessons potential. By embracing NATO standards HNDGS CHOD, SACEUR and SACT Learned Centre (JALLC) in Lisbon. and emphasizing innovation and - ex MOU signing 09 special guests perimentation as well as simulation and modeling, NMIOTC contributes directly to force integration and standardization along with the improvement of interop- erability across the Alliance, and all these are granted while forging a law enforce- ment culture through dedicated training on international maritime Law. meters long decommissioned training All the activities of the Centre are ship (former HS ARIS) with multiple decks scheduled and included in the annual and the accommodation concept of a NMIOTC Program of Work (NPOW), which tor, a Video Tele Conference (VTC) room merchant ship is used for multiple practi- is continuously updated and reported in and capable storage facilities for the cal training modules such as small arms the website www.nmiotc.nato.int. equipments, while a significant added training, tactical sweep indoors, crew con- Each NMIOTC Resident Course, pro- training value is given by assets such as: trol, RHIB insertion, helicopter insertion, grammed and delivered as a whole in - the Training Tower, a 16-meter fast- divers insertion, boarding under multiple specified periods, is based on a modular rope tower situated in the training ground threats and for simulated MIO scenarios. structure that allows for the building and area next to the main building, used for This naval platform is moored alongside definition, in a very flexible and- adapt the practical Helicopter Insertion/Extrac- able way, of dedicated Tailored Training tion training prior to the execution from a packages to meet the preference of the real helicopter; customer, who can easily pick and choose - the containers stack, a group of 3 only the modules he need for his training. three containers piled up and used by The Tailored Training packages can be the trainees during the dedicated practi- customized to specific mission require- cal training module to perform climbing ments and operational constraints, and – opening techniques; the teaching plans can be built on the customer’s request according to the time available and level of ambition. Additionally, in order to provide ad- hoc MIO training to organizations or units unable to bring their personnel to NMIOTC, the Centre can provide Mobile Education and Training Teams (METTs) to a pier situated in vicinity of the NMI- that are ready to be transferred to the - rigid hull inflatable boats (RHIBs), OTC main building, and is equipped with customer’s location, though this option two 9.5 meter RHIBs with specification to the Enhanced Training System (ETS), de- preclude the possibility to exploit the carry a whole Boarding Team composed signed to monitor and record the training several facilities and the infrastructures of 12 persons and the respective equip- and also to create a more challenging and available at NMIOTC. ment necessary for boarding operations, realistic environment. The ETS comprises The Centre’s premises, strategically lo- available to the trainees for the practical 35 CCTV cameras and audio-visual ef- cated in Souda Bay, on the island of Crete, training on procedures for RHIB insertion, fects, like environmental noise from the and in the protected compound of the small boat handling and small skiff inves- ship engines, collective announcements Souda Naval Base, offer a main building tigation. Additionally, a 6 meter RHIB is in foreign languages, sound blasts, light with classrooms equipped with interac- used to cover safety requirements during flashes, smoke and booby traps. All the tive boards, a conference-sized audito- the training drills; effects are managed from a control room rium, meeting hall, a MIO Tactical Simula- - the training platform “ARIS”, a 130 where the instructors can supervise 10 special guests training and synchronize the effects in ac- flight deck of the training platform “ARIS” cordance with the trainees’ actions. The or at the airfield of the Hellenic Air Force recorded videos are made available to 115th Combat Wing, which is located at the trainees on completion of the activ- short distance from NMIOTC. ity to be used for debriefing. This system The NMIOTC Training Concept refers serves the purpose to provide high qual- to Command Teams and Boarding Teams, ity of training and achieves the double and is designed to fit their specific roles objective of enhancing the safety of the and responsibilities. In particular, the activities while increasing the trainee’s Command Team is educated in detail in erations. The simulator can train up to 2 sense of immersion in the training envi- all organizational and procedural aspects teams of 6 trainees each, based on their ronment by reproducing conditions close of MIO through classroom teaching and background and initial training level (ba- to reality. Moreover, in 2015 the Centre tactical computer-based simulations, sic or advanced). The simulator includes has acquired a second decommissioned while the Boarding Team, after having 4 cubicles that simulate the Combat In- unit (former HS ALKYON), a mine sweeper acquired the theoretical background and formation Center (CIC) and the bridge of which is exploited as an additional train- the necessary safety precautions, pro- two naval units. During the simulation the ing platform, capable of accommodating ceeds gradually to the practical training, trainees can control their own ship and a 12 members team for practical drills on adjustable to their skills and capabilities. direct the actions in order to fulfill their small vessels; When the step-by-step capability build- mission in the context of a computer as- - actual pirate boats, an original pirate up is completed, and once their knowl- sisted exercise, in order to practice MIO whaler and two skiffs confiscated during edge, understanding and adherence principles and procedures that have been to safety precautions is validated, both taught in the theoretical classes and, also, teams are challenged to perform all to- to practice on tactical picture evaluation, gether, and their skills as a whole are ex- prioritization, decision making, manage- ercised and evaluated. ment of Rules of Engagement (ROEs) and NMIOTC operates in adherence to the voice communication procedures. In the highest quality standards of NATO, and in MIO simulator the instructors are able recognition of its high levels of training to create a scenario off-line, execute it and education, on November 7th, 2013 and change the tactical picture at runt- the counter-piracy operations in the Horn Supreme Allied Command Transforma- ime, and they also can play various roles of Africa and donated to the Centre are tion has awarded the Centre with the in the context of this scenario, such as a used during counter-piracy training for Quality Assurance Unconditional Accredi- merchant vessel’s master, the Boarding an increased level of realism and effec- tation Certificate. Team Leader, the helicopter pilot or the tiveness, while NMIOTC Sea Trainers act To sum up, NMIOTC is an Education higher authority to implement ROEs and as role-players to simulate seafarers and and Training Facility that significantly and endorse the actions to trainees; pirates or aggressors during advanced effectively contributes to the combined - an Hellenic Navy’s SH70 helicopter “force-on-force” scenarios; effort of developing and delivering train- can be made available, on request, to - the MIO Tactical Simulator, a facility ing solutions and addressing current and be used both during day and night time functional to train Command Teams and emerging global security challenges in for the execution of the helicopter inser- Staff Officers in the conduct of MIO op- the maritime domain. tion and extraction module, either on the

11 special guests EXERCISE "GORDIAN KNOT 2016" Through the eyes of a journalist GR Public Affairs Team was more than willing to show me around and help me get acquainted with the assignments. The preparation phase began two weeks before the exercise; there was a circula- tion of roles- we were working nonstop, creating content, writing articles, blog posts, and press releases as well as pro- ducing and shooting videos. The Exercise

The tasks I had, for the exercise, were based on a hypothetical scenario. Arnland was a country in Crisis since 2013 and its government had asked for NATO’s assistance in order to overcome The Beginning cussion and I was presented with an op- the problems in the region. The job was portunity to participate in the NRDC-GR to provide the staff working on the exer- It all began almost a year ago, in Oc- Exercise, Gordian Knot 2016, at theAs- cise, with the necessary background in- tober 2016. It was when I started my syros Camp, as a trainee for a few weeks. formation of the crisis, by creating video Master in Digital Media, Communication I immediately said yes. I was selected for content with breaking news related to and Journalism in Aristotle University of this position along with another journal- the multiple events. Well it was more Thessaloniki. I chose a course offered ist from the MA program, this is the first complicated than it sounds! Although, to the students of the program, named, time NRDC_GR cooperated with civil- I did not have security clearance to all “Reporting Wars and Crises” and taught ians, through an agreement with Aristo- the locations of the exercise, I was al- by Assistant Professor Mr. Nikos Pana- tle University. ways accompanied by a staff member giotou. At that time I didn’t know what and thus, my circulation was facilitated The Preparation to expect, from the course itself and the best way possible. We were placed from the opportunities that presented After the agreement, I sent all the in the “Media Tent” with computers, a lateron. During the course I had my first relevant information for the registra- camera and a microphone with the rel- encounter with Public Affairs Staff of the tion procedure in order to get security evant background. That was where the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps Greece. clearance for the exercise itself and for They were my fellow students and I the preparation. The preparation started started learning quite a few things from with a visit to the offices of NRDC-GR them, concerning the nature of their were I had the opportunity to meet with jobs and NRDC-GR itself, enough to trig- the Commander of NRDC-GR Lieutenant ger my curiosity. I was keen on learning General (HE A), Alkiviadis STEFANIS and and about NATO work and I kept in touch Chief of Staff, Major General Dimitrios with everyone, even after the course was BONORAS, who welcomed me in to the over. After a few months, I was first ap- project and expressed their willingness proached by my professor, we had a dis- for a fruitful collaboration. The NRDC- 12 special guests magic happened everyday! Furthermore, The final outcome-Impressions I certainly hope for a future collaboration we had the chance to witness the use of with NRDC-GR. I especially like to thank a drone, for the purpose of the exercise, The day before last, Major General the Public Affairs Team that was by my that took panoramic photographs which Alkiviadis STEFANIS awarded and con- side every step of the way and helped me were used for the creation of the official gratulated us for our journalistic excel- successfully achieve my assignments and video of “Exercise Gordian Knot 2016”. I lence and our significant contribution to all the staff that made me feel more than had to opportunity to interview Ameri- the overall outcome of the exercise, men- welcome at the NRDC-GR offices and the can Observers and ask about their expe- tioning that the involvement of journal- Assyros camp and made my experience rience in the multinational environment, ists brought a different spirit to the mili- one to remember. and the privilege to interview the Italian tary world. He gave me a signed golden General, Mr. Bruno MORACE. The day coin, and joked that if I do not carry it before last, we shot a press conference, with me, the next time I see him, I would along with the help of NRDC_GR staff have to buy him a drink. Otherwise, if I who participated as NATO Representa- had it with me, he would have to buy me tives and role-players journalists for a two drinks of my preference! more complete and believable outcome. The last day of the exercise I had a I also had the pleasure to attend the chance to witness the closing ceremony, Ice Breaking Event, organized the day be- with the raising of the Greek and then the fore last of the exercise, at the Naval Base Italian flag- it was a unique experience of Northern Greece, in Krini, Kalamaria. and something that I personally never The location is one of the best in Thes- had the chance to see before. saloniki and the time of the event gave The overall experience, I have to admit, the distinguished guests the opportunity was something I did not expect. With this to mix and mingle, enjoy a great buffet article-text-story, I tried to present my ex- Theofani Lola holds a BA in Po- accompanied by live jazz music and en- perience but believe me, you have to see litical Sciences from Aristotle Univer- sity of Thessaloniki, Greece and is a MA joy the amazing view of the sunset by it and to live it, in order to believe it. I had Student in the faculty of Journalism and the sea. Men in formal attire, women in the chance to work, at least for a while Mass Media and in the department of gowns, people enjoying themselves with as a trainee at my dream job- the pub- Digital Media, Culture and Communi- a glass of wine in the beautiful garden, lic affairs office of NATO and to do what I cation in Aristotle University of Thessa- completed an evening of new acquaint- love- being a journalist. I am grateful for loniki, Greece. She also studied in Maas- ances. the opportunity that was given to me and tricht University, in the faculty of Arts and Social Sciences in a program of Eu- ropean Policy and European Institutions. Having a background in the process of policy-making, international relations, diplomacy and cooperation, she discov- ered her passion of writing by working as a freelancer- journalist in various magazines and portals and her passion for new media by being a blogger as well as by working as a radio producer- interviewer. Fields of interest: Politics and Diplo- macy, European Policy-Making, Inter- national Relations, Warfare, Reporting Crisis, New and Social Media and Media Marketing.

13 articles Joint Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Both surveillance and reconnais- To achieve this ambition, must be sance can include visual observation (for done the following : example soldiers on the ground covert- o Trained ISR experts ly watching a target, unmanned aircraft Having a cadre of experts who fully systems (UAS) with cameras), as well as understand how to use ISR to support de- electronic observation. cision-makers and o Information assurance: protec- The difference between surveillance tion of data and networks and reconnaissance has to do with time Joint Intelligence, Surveillance Special procedures need to be in and specificity. and Reconnaissance (JISR) are very im- place to provide information assurance. portant for all military operations. It o This takes time and resources to provides information and intelligence to Surveillance is a more protracted obtain a genuinely efficient, secure, holis- decision-makers and action-takers, help- and deliberate activity, while reconnais- tic and relevant Joint ISR system. ing them make informed, timely and ac- sance missions are generally fast and tar- curate decisions. While surveillance and geted to retrieve specific information. – Mechanism reconnaissance can answer the questions The experience gained from its op- “what,” “when” and “where”, the com- Once surveillance and reconnais- erations has resulted in collection- as bined elements from various intelligence sance information has been obtained, in- sets (for example information gathering sources and disciplines provide the an- telligence specialists can analyse it, fuse equipment such as surveillance aircraft) swers to “how” and “why”. When all of it with other information from other data becoming far more accessible to military this is combined, you create Joint ISR. sources and produce the intelligence personnel, even at the lowest tactical which is then used to inform military and levels. Assets that would have been used civilian decision-makers, particularly for Components only for strategic purposes at the discre- the planning and conduct of operations. Intelligence, Surveillance and Re- tion of military generals 15 years ago are connaissance (ISR) provides the founda- now widely available and their use is de- tion for all military operations, and its The objective of Joint ISR is to cham- centralised. This shift occurred because principles have been used in warfare for pion the concept of “need to share” over countries procured significant numbers centuries. The individual elements of ISR the concept of “need to know”. This of maritime, land and airborne collection are: means that NATO can facilitate the pro- assets to help them locate adversaries, o Intelligence: the final product cedures and technology to promote shar- who often operate in complex environ- derived from surveillance and reconnais- ing while simultaneously providing infor- ments and among civilian populations. sance, fused with other information; mation assurance (i.e., the protection of To enable information-gathering o Surveillance: the persistent data and networks). As a result, Allies can to take place, and to ensure that infor- monitoring of a target; and have a holistic picture of whatever crisis mation is analysed and intelligence is is occurring and NATO decision-makers o Reconnaissance: information- produced for decision-makers, there are can make well-informed, timely and - ac gathering conducted to answer a specific a number of primary actors involved, in- curate decisions. military question. cluding: o Surveillance and reconnaissance

14 articles

tablished the objective to strengthen cooperation and ensure tighter connec- tions between Allied forces. During the Summit, the Allied Heads of State and Government expressed the ambition to provide NATO with an enduring and per- manently available JISR capability, giving the Alliance the eyes and ears it needs to achieve strategic decision advantage.

At the 2014 Wales Summit, Allies re- confirmed that Joint ISR remained a high NATO priority. collection assets national ISR capabilities, including troops Every two years technical trials take Their role is to collect information. on the ground, maritime and air assets, place in order to demonstrate and assess Examples include Alliance Ground Sur- space-based platforms such as satellites, progress on the Alliance’s JISR capabili- veillance (AGS), AWACS aircraft which and Special Operations Forces. ties in a real-world environment. use radar, observation satellites, elec- A Joint ISR project is currently devel- tronic assets and special ground recon- oping, aiming at the following pillars: At their meeting on 10 February naissance troops. o Training and education 2016, defence ministers declared Initial o Intelligence analysts The personnel involved with the Operationl Capability for Joint, Intelli- Their role is to exploit and analyse Joint ISR capability in NATO will possess gence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance. information from multiple sources. Exam- expertise to guarantee the efficiency of It represents a significant achievement, ples include national military and civilian the JISR enterprise. This area of the proj- enabling better connectivity between analysts working at the strategic level in ect examines ways to ensure that person- NATO and Allies’ capabilities and enhanc- intelligence organisations, imagery ana- nel receive the highest standard of ISR ing situational awareness throughout the lysts at all levels, and encryption experts. training and education. NATO Response Force (NRF). o Decision-makers o Doctrine and procedures References: Their role is to use intelligence to in- To improve interoperability, efficien- www.nato.int form their decision-making. Examples in- cy, coherence and effectiveness, Joint ISR clude political leaders and military com- doctrine and procedures will be continu- manders. ously developed and reviewed, from stra- tegic thinking to tactical procedures. – Evolution o Networking environment Based on the experience gained Communication and information in recent operations, the countries are systems (CIS) will guarantee efficient col- looking to establish a permanent, ef- laboration and sharing of ISR data, prod- fective ISR system. It aims to provide a ucts and applications between the Allies. Loukas VOULTSIOS mechanism which brings together data This is the core business of Joint ISR ef- OF-3 (HE A) and information gathered through Smart fort. J2X/CI Control SO Defence projects such as the AGS system NRDC-GR/J2 or AWACS, as well as a wide variety of NATO’s 2012 Chicago Summit es- 15 articles

NRDC-GR Air Operations Coordination Centre

The Air Operations Coordination Cen- tre (AOCC) is a tactical level air entity, col- located and integral part of NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR), yet functionally subordinate to Com- mander Air Command (COM AIRCOM). In order to fulfill its mission, Hellenic Air Force (HAF) provided to AOCC an inte- grated mobile system, unique in NATO environment, with all the necessary equipment for data and voice communi- cation as well as for life support under almost any extreme condition.

AOCC Mission

The AOCC provides permanent air ex- pertise to, and liaison with, the NRDC-GR in means and capabilities, on a routine staff from the relevant JFAC HQ. HQ Commander on behalf of HQ AIRCOM basis. Should the GRF(L) HQ be required at the tactical level. Additionally, air ad- for exercise or operational purposes then vice is also provided up to the operational The main functions of AOCC, peace- the AOCC staff provide necessary support level when the NRDC-GR HQ is required time, exercise and operations, include and air advice, within means and capabil- to act as a Joint Task Force (JTF) HQ. Mis- but are not limited to the following: ities, pending the arrival of air liaison sion elements include: • Coordination between the designated Joint Forces Air Compon- ent (JFAC) and the Graduated Readiness Forces Land - GRF(L) HQ. • For exercises, operational work- up phases and operations, the AOCC fa- cilitates and assists/coordinates in the planning, refining and execution process- es of air operations. Where planning is concerned, the AOCC assists in the plan- ning of air operations. • During peacetime, a GRF(L) HQ that is rostered on the Long Term Reac- tion Plan (LTRP) as a Joint HQ (JHQ), re- quires AOCC staff to proffer higher level (tactical/operational) air advice, with- 16 articles

• Advice the GRF(L) Commander posts are manned with HAF Officers with tainers, three of which are the operation and his staff, within means and capabil- a variety of expertise. shelters, two contain a variety of servers, ities, on all matters concerning air oper- one with all the voice telecommunica- ations that affect the GRF(L) mission. Historic review tion equipment and one is set up for de- • In the event that the NRDC-GR briefing purposes. Furthermore, there is is acting as a JTF HQ, AOCC advises the The idea of a deployable AOCC system a container in which a powerful power JTF HQ Commander and his staff, within that can be easily packed, transported generator has been installed alongside means and capabilities, on matters con- and unpacked to the field of operations with the necessary distribution equip- cerning air operations and air issues that was initially conceived back in 2002. ment and finally, a container used for the affect the mission. Since then and until 2009, the pre-men- transportation of cables and electronic tioned system was designed and con- gear. • Advises the GRF(L) HQ on the structed by a Greek corporation, under current Air situation the instructions and the audit of HAF en- All containers are commercial ISO gineer officers. All the above, designated standardized, 20 ft. aluminum containers The structure of the AOCC is normally the AOCC Mobile System as a unique sys- that meet all NATO standards in order to tailored to the mission. However, it gen- tem in NATO environment, at the same be transported with military, as well as erally consists of the Operations/Plans time that no other AOCC system of this commercial, vehicles, aircraft and ships. and the Support sections. Moreover, the configuration has been implemented. -Af That provides a great flexibility when it first one is divided further to the Anti Sur- ter extensive test of the equipment and comes, the AOCC Mobile System to be face Forces Air Operations (ASFAO), the the system’s capabilities, the system was transferred to distanced or hard-to-reach Air Defense/Air Space Coordination (AD/ delivered to AOCC in October 2009 and areas and reduces the time, the means ASC) and the Intelligence (INTEL) cells. All placed in a brand new outbuilding, locat- and the cost needed for the transporta- ed in the NRDC-GR garrison. Since that tion. moment, AOCC Mobile System consists a useful tool that multiplies the AOCC’s and generally NRDC-GR’s capabilities by serv- Moreover, the containers were manu- ing a crucial role in HQs’ mission. factured in a special way that provides two significant advantages. The first one System Configuration is the fact that they are Electro Magnetic Pulse (EMP) protected, which means that, The system is composed of seven con- combined with the use of fiber optics for the interconnection of the containers, an 17 articles

EMP attack cannot harm the system, at Electronic Equipment UHF networks) by the use of two latest the same time that a data intercept with technology, dedicated radios and the re- electronic means is excluded (class A sec- The AOCC mobile system is equipped mote access of another up to ten radios. urity area). The second advantage of the with special hardware for exchanging The internal telecommunication net- system’s special construction is the lack Voice and Data, both internal and exter- work of the system uses the Voice over of thermal signal that makes it invisible nal and consists of the telecommunica- IP (VoIP) technology and provides mul- to thermal radars and thermal targeting tion management center and interfaces, tiple capabilities to the operators, like systems. Additionally, a special paint was automated data processing hardware interconnections, voice conference and used at the external surfaces, which pro- and 18 workstations. All the above hard- public announcements. VCS also includes vides infrared and ultraviolet protection. ware forms two main systems, the Voice a Voice Recording/Reproduction (VR/R) Communication System (VCS) and the system that can be used for debriefing of education purposes. Also, the system Every container is also embodying Data Communication System (DCS). a protection system against Nuclear, Voice Communication System (VCS) Biological and Chemical (NBC) attacks, which collaborates with two extremely powerful Air Condition (A/C) units that The VCS provides AOCC personnel can work in an environment of -40 to +55 with access to Ground-to-Ground (G- degrees Celsius (oC). Furthermore, a fire G) telecommunications via E1 (2 Mbps) detection and extinguish system is also lines, Integrated Services Digital Network installed in every container, capable to (ISDN) circuits and analog telephone counter any kind of fire. networks. It also provides Ground-to-Air (G-A) telecommunications (HF, VHF and

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provides red-black (secure-non secure) circuit separation and is equipped with the appropriate cryptos that meet the required secure voice and data exchange capabilities. Finally, it has suitable inter- faces for exploiting the communication NRDC-GR HQ. This HAF unit has the mission to provide capabilities of a transportable 2Mbps Finally, when the Air Command & technical support and maintenance to SATCOM terminal. Control System (ACCS) will be released, the system and its equipment. Moreover, AOCC Mobile System is capable and it configures and manages the software Data Communication System (DCS) ready to install and use the new software. used not only in the system, but also by NRDC-GR clients, connected to AOCC. The DCS consists of WAN and LAN The element’s personnel consists of tele- AOCC Maintenance Element Switches as well as Data Link Interface communication and electro-mechanic for E1 (2Mbps), Link-1 and Link-11b cir- technicians, highly trained and special- cuits. It also contains equipment and In 2009, alongside with the accept- ized to the system equipment. subsystems necessary to establish Digital ance of the AOCC Mobile System, a new Data communications over the LAN, for support entity was created under the information exchange internal to AOCC, name of AOCC Maintenance Element. and over the WAN, for information ex- change with other entities or other mil- itary Command & Control (C2) systems.

DCS also uses a variety of software, provided mainly from NATO, like the Inte- grated Command & Control (ICC) and the Networked Interoperable Real-time In- formation Service (NIRIS). The first one is a Command, Control, Communication & Information (C3I) suite, used for informa- tion management and decision making during NATO Air Operations. The second one is a software that disseminates the Recognized Air Picture (RAP) between the NATO entities and is used by AOCC to receive the RAP and distribute it to 19 articles

NRDC-GR Change of Command

On March 8th 2016, in a ceremony National Defence General Staff Admiral cal Universities he mentioned “It would that took place in the premises of “Pedion Evaggelos APOSTOLAKIS, representatives be an unreasonable omission to exclude Areos” camp – Thessaloniki, Lieutenant of the religious, military and political au- my thanksgiving to the leadership and General Ilias LEONTARIS, after two years thorities from the city of Thessaloniki, authorities of our city Universities with of successful accomplishments, hand- General Consuls from the contributing which our collaboration exceeded all ex- ed over the Command of NATO Rapid to NRDC-GR Nations and other distin- pectations”. Ending his speech the Gener- Deployable Corps Greece (NRDC-GR) guished visitors. al thanked all personnel for their efforts to Lieutenant General Alkiviadis STEF- from the “bottom of his heart”. ANIS, who assumed the command of the Lt Gen Ilias LEONTARIS, whose new Headquarters by order of the Hellenic assignment is that of the Commander of The new commander of C’ Corps/ Governmental Council for Foreign and the Hellenic 1st Army, mentioned during NRDC-GR, Lt Gen Alkiviadis STEFANIS, in Defense Affairs. The event honored with his farewell speech “Together, C’ Corps the beginning of his order of the day said their presence the Chief of the Hellenic and NRDC-GR you are a complete and “I hold high admiration for the excellent coherent unit, despite your distinct roles and modes of operation. As such I urge you to give your best to respond to the call of current times”. Regarding NRDC-GR he added “I highlight the HQ’s success last year when evaluated for its operational readiness, and as expected by many, ex- ceeded all expectations”. Referring to the great successful cooperation with the lo- 20 articles

work which is achieved so far and invite you all to continue your efforts to - fur ther enhance the operational readiness and combat capabilities”. Referring to his command he added “My command will be people centric in accordance with law and military regulations” and “My basic principle is that the management of hu- man resources of the organization should include excellent human relations, opti- mism and smile, civilized behavior, fine sense, military ethics and values”. Regard- ing the Army’s image he mentioned “This pillar must be further complimented by the international role of C’ Corps/NRDC- GR as ambassador of defense diplomacy, among NATO and non NATO nations”. To the acclaimed outgoing Commander he expressed on behalf of the entire organiz- ation sincere gratitude and appreciation wishes for personal and family health and visitors and leadership had the opportun- for his valuable contribution and best prosperity. ity to exchange further wishes with both Commanders. The Chief of Defense, Admiral Evaggelos APOSTOLAKIS, expressed his satisfaction for the way the outgoing Commander exercised his duty, and noted his contribution to the successful evaluation of NRDC-GR during exercise Gordian Knot 2015, while extended his wishes to the assuming Commander for success in his new duties. A parade end- Georgios THEODOROU ed the ceremony followed by a reception OR-9 (HE A) Chief Production in the premises of NRDC-GR HQ where NRDC-GR/PAO 21 articles Globalization: A Simple Approach of the Modern Life Preface

Globalization, a word increasingly ap- peared day by day in all the frames of our life. Almost in all places and times dur- ing the day we hear about globalization and the consequences follow this trend of 21st century era. But is globalization something good or bad? Is it something means that we get a more open world But are these the only causes of glo- right or wrong? Have we had to be afraid and we feel we are in a smaller world balization we live that day? Let’s go back of this new posed factor in daily business due to extremely developed communica- further in the past with the view to be or to adopt it as a helpful tool? To answer tions, giving a sense of small village, also able to gain a wider view of the phenom- these questions we must first find what known as “the World Village”. In fact, ev- enon. globalization at a dispassionate glance is eryone can understand the level of glo- and what the possible consequences to balization by calculating how much fast- Roots of Globalization: New or the society are. But let’s take the things er can one travel to another continent Old? The Three Waves from the very beginning. today, or how fast lethal diseases spread over the world, or how much damage can Globalization is not a new trend. After Definition of Globalization be caused by single computer virus only scientists’ study found, globalization can within a day. Definitions of the term glo- be divided into three waves, based on the “Globalization is the fact that- dif balization are various depending on the basic characteristics they convey. ferent cultures and economic systems given area. Generally speaking, globaliza- As the first wave indicates, global- around the world are becoming connect- tion refers to the acceleration and inten- ization started from 1860 and ended at ed and similar to each other because of sification of mechanisms, processes, and 1914. In this period of time the import- the influence of large multinational com- activities that are promoting global inter- ant drivers of this movement were both panies and of improved communication” dependence, and political and economic the new technology of the era bridged (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary). integration. long geographical distances and the fact that more and more countries began to Looking at the definition above it is embrace liberal trade policy after years obvious that the state – of – the – art of protectionism. Furthermore, Europe technology may be the leading factor of and America contingents strongly affect- globalization due to the fact that nowa- ed by the Internationalism where capital days the internet is able to pass a great moved relatively freely between coun- amount of information from one place of tries, caused a great migration wave of 60 the globe to another in no time. More- million people from Europe to seek their over, a large number of trade companies fortunes in the New World, America. have used these windows of opportunity in order to send their products and ser- The second wave of globalization cov- vices in low cost all around the world. ers from 1950 to 1980, starting from Cold War after WWII. This period focused on From another aspect, globalization integration between rich countries and 22 articles

growth in the 1990s. corporations among numbers of states. Notwithstanding, during 1970 – 80 the The Dimensions of Globalization development in East Asia was rapid, but in Africa the things remained in low level. Globalization covers a wide range of Ultimately, the situation in Latin America realms of the world system. It should be was even worse because of the side ef- noted that these dimensions are con- fects of globalization. nected and sometimes overlapped each other, so this brings about confusion Cultural globalization: regions as Europe, North America and in defining the globalization process as Cultural globalization may be one of Japan, restored trade relations through a whole. In any case, all dimensions of the consequences of economic global- a series of multilateral trade liberaliza- globalization are close related with each ization under the negative light (Holly- tions. Also, there was the era of emerg- other’s. However, the most significant wood movies, big companies like Mac ing new international economic organi- sectors are the following: Donald’s, Coca-Cola and others). On the zations such IMF, World Bank Group and contrary, cultural globalization could be World Trade Organization, widely known Economic globalization: characterized by the new value cultural as the “Three Sisters”. But only the de- Due to consumerism and migration standards (human rights, gender equality veloped countries gained benefits from first, globalization is generating -cultur this trade cooperation, instead of poorer al and social globalization. On the other countries that remained largely isolated hand, the increasing interdependence and stuck in primary commodity exports. and integration consist of the second In addition, some other social this time aspect of economic globalization. Histor- organizations such UN, Red Cross and In- ically speaking, economic globalization ternational Amnesty approached and un- has been connected with neo-liberalism derpinned the social side of globalization. and capitalism contrary to mercantilism (the exclusively right of trade and pro- The third and the last one wave start- duction of goods only to rich countries) ed from 1980 and do still exist. As the based on UN Charter signed by member and protectionism, provided by states most recent wave of globalization started states in 1945 in San Francisco), but not during 17th and 18th centuries. It could in 1980, was spurred by a combination all societies welcomed these changes be stated that capitalism is the driving of advances in transport and communi- across the globe. Additionally, cultural force behind the economic globalization, cations technologies and the choice of globalization is characterized by closer promoted the increased interaction of large developing countries to seek for- contact between people and different eign investment and open themselves up to international trade. Countries that strongly increased their foreign trade included Brazil, China, Hungary, India, Uganda, Vietnam and Mexico. The more globalized developing countries saw their aggregate per capita growth rate rise from 1 percent in the 1960s, to 3 percent in the 1970s, 4 percent in the 1980s and 5 percent in the 1990s. Other develop- ing countries, home to about two billion people, actually experienced negative

23 articles parts of the world as well as growing pos- sibilities of personal exchange, mutual understanding and friendship between ‘world citizens’, helped by social media. It also helps to be built mutual trust among all involving parts, particularly between businesses.

European Union (EU) is a great sam- ple of cultural unification, in an attempt to forge a supranational “European iden- tity”. It goes without saying that EU poses a political mainly and economic risk of exercising national policy, restricted by Environmental globalization: growing acute nationalism among mem- formations’ laws. At this point it will be Rainforests, ozone layer and drinking ber states. useful to underline that the main idea of water are only a few challenges of global creating the above mentioned units and problems that dozens of states, especial- Political globalization: international organizations – treaties was ly the developing, face more and more Political globalization is focused on on the one hand the willingness of the frequent. This arise a request for wider liberalism logic which is promoting both winners of the WWII (USA, Great Brit- approach to reach to a solution, needed democracy and human rights. In reality, it ain, France, Russia and China) to avoid a global endeavor. is a combination of liberal thinking, mar- the massacres and disasters and to save ket economy and democracy, as the dom- succeeding generations from the scourge Other aspect is common threats inance of democracy used as the basis of of war, which twice has brought untold starting from cross-border diseases (HIV, decision making process worldwide. sorrow to mankind and on the other to Ebola, etc.), up to processes leading to reach to a higher level of living standards climate change, tsunamis, rise of global through economic development for the water level etc, which have a global effect whole people. and can only be countered together.

This aspect influence further the in- ternational relations among the states in the world, caused the need to form some supranational organizations, such as EU (political unit), UN (internation- al organization) and NATO (multilateral treaties). These organizations emerged after the end of WWII as a result of vol- untary granting individual sovereignty from all countries participating in these formations. Perhaps, this authority may undermine some states because con- This diagram names the frequently given causes of tracting countries may face difficulties in globalization, without claiming to be a complete list 24 articles

For this reason, Greenpeace orga- a generic view of the answer. in order to give the best resolutions in nization has been formed, introducing environmental problems, such as mi- aggressive environmental protection all As mentioned above, the advanced gration and climate change as results of over the world. Of course, there were technology is the leading factor in global- global warming. Neither single state can numbers of setbacks and misunderstand- ization process. The internet, an unpar- solve these obstacles, nor a small part of ings concerning the global environmental alleled innovation, is without doubt the them. There is a requirement for bringing thinking, especially in ratification prob- symbol of globalization in many respects. new ideas and concepts from all over the lems of Kyoto Protocol, set by strong na- world because the problems belong to all tional and economic interests. The second globalization factor im- of us. plies that the cost of goods transporta- Finally, migration is one of the big tion has been shrinking and the speed problems nowadays to be solved by the for this activity has been increased in the international community, borne by cli- possible high levels. In other words, the mate change which is a negative effect of goods arrive to their destination from environmental global problems. Climate one corner of the globe to another very change provokes the migration because quickly. But the services are able to use people need to live in more suitable and immediately. security environments It has been stated that the winners Causes of Globalization of the WWII transform their eagerness to create international organizations in Last but not least, liberalization of Globalization has engendered many an attempt not only to reduce the- per world trade within the framework of controversies and debates as for the ad- centages to relapse the world in a new General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade vantages and disadvantages of this pro- catastrophic WW but also to prepare the (GATT) signed in 1947 by 23 countries or cess in the life. But how globalization world for the new era of international the World Trade Organization (WTO) set phenomenon has been come of? What stability and prosperity. up in 1994 by 80 states, the sequence of are the main causes of? GATT, resulted in deregulation politics A comprehensive approach is on the of the countries in the globe. It was the In the following diagram you can have upper level of collaboration among states outcome of abolishing a great number of national obstacles such as customs and taxes severally in imports and con- sequently the reduction of sovereignty of the countries.

Consequences of globalization

All of us are affected by globalization indirectly. However, it is an inevitable at- titude to gain as further knowledge as we can for a trend that affects directly our society. The picture beneath depicts in a broad face the consequences of global- ization.

This diagram presents a selection of main aftermaths of globalization, depending on the situation and the main points of emphasis. In the higher position of the list of 25 articles globalization consequences is the fear of existed prior the appearance of globaliza- In the light of increasing the global pop- diminishing the role of nation states. A tion, but these problems unfortunately ulation, we must think in further innova- number of debates have been taken plac- become more serious in the era of glo- tive ways so as to keep the balance be- es, following the assertions of erasing the balization. On the contrary, globalization tween our needs and the bright future of nation state authorities. For example, in creates the framework for encountering our planet. order to form the EU, all member states global problems at a suitable, namely It could be said more and more on this have given up their central competencies global level. big issue of globalization but the rest of - up to and including sovereignty of cur- wider thoughts and recommendations rency - to a new, supranational organiza- ATTAC: The Great Opponent of coming from your experiences are avail- tion on a voluntary basis. Globalization able at your hands. Hopefully this article Globalization critics in - par sparks your concerns of paying more at- Social dumping is another big chal- ticular, such as the ATTAC tention in global issues under a broader lenge in the frame of globalization shifts. network, continually point glance. Reducing social benefits in order to- re out that we are not dealing duce payroll fringe costs to increase com- with an inevitable process, petitive ability in global location competi- but that globalization, in tion is seen a pure necessity, above all by essence, is more the result of deregula- industry, whereas the trade unions warn tion policies under the leadership of the of the dangers of “social dumping”. USA since the Second World War.

Konstantinos PALOUKAS OF-4 (HE A) SO1 Exercise Section NRDC-GR/J7

Even the national barriers for more Without the liberalization of world trade free trade have been reduce significant- within the framework of GATT or the ly, the chasm between richer and poorer WTO, these developments would, in fact, countries remain large. It is undisputed have been unthinkable. that a worker in a developing countryside earns less than in Europe or America, and Food for Thought this will remain so in the foreseeable fu- ture. Is globalization finally an inevitable pro- cess in our life? Can we deal with this Acid rain, air pollution, landslides, phenomenon in more productive way? I global warming, water pollution and de- hope the answer will be positive. We live forestation are the largest problems glo- in a planet which is in need due to our balization results. It is worth underlining wrong habits, to our super consumerism that environmental destruction already and too little of interest for it. 26 articles One Way Ticket Full of Hopes and Fears for Migrant and Refugee Children adoption. All arrive alone and in need of support and protection. Many find their encounters with police officers, immi- gration officials, social workers and are treated with suspicion. They frequently face an exhausting legal process beyond their comprehension as they attempt to prove that they need help.

They risk detention, rape, forced labour, beatings or death. Yet, tens of thousands of children, many of them un- accompanied or separated, are making the dangerous refugee and migrant jour- ney in the hope of finding safety or a bet- ter life in Europe. They are fleeing brutal violence, poverty, drought, forced early marriage, lack of prospects and hope in many countries in Africa, and the Middle East. (1) From the brutal five-year conflict in Some migrants are forced to flee Syria or the thirsty earth of Somalia, to their country of origin fearing persecu- Children who are unaccompanied or rickety boats, every step of the journey is tion, to escape war and conflict, human separated from their parents are par- fraught with danger, all the more so for rights abuses or severe social depriva- ticularly vulnerable to human rights vio- the nearly one in four children travelling tion. Others may have been trafficked for lations and abuses at all stages of the without a parent or a guardian. sexual exploitation, forced labor, domes- migration process. Adding to the dis- tic servitude, criminal activities or illegal Last year, the vast majority of refu- gees and migrants arriving at Europe’s shores were Syrians, Afghans and Iraqis, who would travel through Turkey, and then on to Greece by boat. But the num- bers fall dramatically following border closures in the Balkans in March 2016 and the introduction in the same month of the Turkey-EU agreement to send back refugees and migrants to Turkey. Until when will the boarders be closed; It’s a matter of time that the numbers go high again.

27 articles

unaccompanied minors, noting that more than 7,000 of them arrived in the first five months of the year. (2) The number of unaccompanied children making the dangerous Mediterranean crossing aboard unseaworthy boats has more than doubled this year.

Almost 100,000 under 18’s- travelled www.independant.co.uk without parents or guardians and are advantages migrants face, such as the lack now “ geographically orphaned”, pre- held behind bars – in detention facilities of understanding of the law, possible lan- senting a huge challenge to authorities in or in police custody – because of a lack guage barriers, and often undocumented their adapted countries.(2) of space in child protection centers and status, child migrants are inexperienced limited capacity for identifying alterna- and underage. They are therefore more Unaccompanied and separated chil- tive solutions. Procedures to determine vulnerable, and risk becoming victims of dren are at particular risk of abuse and a child’s asylum request are typically trafficking and sexual exploitation. exploitation, notably by the smugglers complex and lengthy – up to two years they rely on to get to Europe. in some countries – and processes for Some migrants, particularly from When they arrive they face an overload family reunification can be equally slow. sub-Saharan Africa, use a “pay-as-you- system that is unable to meet their needs. As a result, children often spend long go” system, often stopping to work for a periods of time in a social welfare centre, few days, weeks or months along the way For many children, moving is the only uncertain of what their future holds, and to pay the smugglers. These migrants are option to improve their chances at a bet- many have been out of school for months more likely to become stranded and ex- ter life. Many of them, especially those or even years. posed to abuse. who are unaccompanied or separated, have fallen between the cracks of asy- When children place themselves in The UNICEF report said nine out of lum systems that are overstretched, slow the hands of smugglers, what may begin every 10 children arriving in Italy were and uneven. All too often children are as willful migration can easily turn into a case of human trafficking. Girls are the number one target for sexual abuse dur- ing the migration process. Even children of legal working age face difficulties mi- grating through legal channels and are therefore likely to migrate illegally.

Children move within and between countries for various reasons, such as work, education, escaping violence, or reuniting with family. They all face high risks at every step of the journey – death, rape, attacks, detention, forced labor. Every country – those they leave, those they cross and those in which they seek asylum – has a duty to protect them. It www.metro.co.uk is Paramount that Europe must take im- 28 articles

to issues concerning child labor and ex- ploitation. - Regardless of their migration status, children are children. Their rights are en- shrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which all countries in Eur- ope are parties. (3) - All effort’s should be made to- re unite unaccompanied children with their families in Europe when it is in the child’s best interests.

Unless these drivers of migration are addressed as a global priority, they will mediate action to look after unaccom- - The no –returning status should lead to a never-ending movement of chil- panied minors, who are the most exposed always implemented for a person to a dren in search of a better life. We can not and vulnerable victims of migration. country where he or she may face per- stop migration but what we CAN DO is, secution and serious human rights viola- to increase the protection of migrant chil- In the Western Wolrd, policy and tions. Under this principle, children can- dren, to enable them to better protect legislative reform should be used to cre- not be returned if they face risks such as themselves. ate more opportunities for safe, legal and torture, detention, forced recruitment, regular channels for refugees and mi- early marriage, trafficking or exploitation. Investing in children and young grants, improving procedures to reunite Additional precautious must be taken, people, particularly the most vulnerable, children with family members. looking not just at the risks, but also at is mandatory in order to tackle the cycle the child’s best interests. of poverty and conflict that is driving so - No child should be detained as a - Every child should have access to many to flee their homes. result of their or their parents’ or guard- basic services, including healthcare, and ians’ migration status. education. References: - According to international law all - Recruitment agencies and labor in- (1) EUROSTAT DATA children have a right to housing. spectors should be made more sensitive (2) UNICEF (3) IOM Photos: web open sources

Sotirios ROUMELIOTIS OF-1 (HE A) Chief Social Media NRDC-GR/PAO www.pri.org 29 articles Exercise “GORDIAN KNOT 2016” Joint Task Force - Test One

From June 8 to June 17th, 2016, NATO Rapid Deployable Corps - Greece (NRDC- GR), conducted the final - execution phase of its annual exercise GORDIAN KNOT 2016, that has been the test bed for the initial deployment of NRDC-GR to a Joint Area of Operations, and the Com- mand and Control arrangements for the initial Command Element (ICE), as well as the Joint Logistics Support Group (JLSG), trying also for first time our Joint Staff ment (RSOM) in a Small Joint Operation ticing the planning and military decision Processes and Procedures. (SJO-(L)) environment involving high in- making process. Exercise GORDIAN KNOT 16 has been tensity combat operations. The exercise • To train NRDC-GR selected JTF a dual-focus exercise and the main train- has been a CPX in a NATO-led Crisis Re- C2 elements (OLRT, FCE, ICE) of relevant ing activity for 2016, opening the JTF an- sponse Operation (CRO) in a non article to initial entry, and JLSG in an unknown, nual cycle allowing initial JFT-HQ experi- 5, high intensity situation, that required realistic, overseas environment in the mentations through deployment of JLSG, the setting up of a large number of de- early stages of an NRDC-GR deployment and also aiming at sustaining affiliation ployable communication and information including liaison and RSOM of assigned training. GOKT 16 exercised NRDC-GR systems. formations. This includes the correct in commanding and controlling a multi- The main aim of the exercise GOKT16 timelines for deployment, construction, national deployed force, tailored to con- has been the initiation of the transform- integration and operation within an oper- duct Initial Entry Operations (IEO) and ation from HRF HQ to a Joint Task Force ational timeline. Reception Staging and Onward Move- capability and securing affiliation rela- • To train NRDC-GR Staff and tionships, while other objectives of the Command Group in the C2 of multiple exercise have been the following: subordinate formations in a complex, high-intensity SJO (L) scenario, including • The partial validation of the -re the deployment of NRDC-GR Group ele- cently drafted JTF Command and Control ments, in order to validate NRDC-GR C2 (C2) concept. The findings of the exercise concept. aftermath will be used to revise the Joint • To experiment with reach-back staff processes and procedures in order capability by establishing a “reach-back” to enhance the C2 effectiveness. HQ in PHQ “PEDION AREOS”. • To maintain the level of training • To exercise on NATO non Art of HQ NRDC-GR personnel, through prac- V deployment: Reassure - Deter - Dem- 30 articles

onstrate and Prepare for “hybrid” oper- storing security in that unstable region, to enhance affiliation relationships at ations, contributing to Visible Assurance. pressured by political, military, and civil Commanders level, exchange informa- The scenario on which the exercise turmoil. tion and explain the ongoing working was based on is the JWC-created exercise It has been a long process before documents, and procedures towards JTF scenario “SKOLKAN”. The countries of reaching to the execution phase of the ex- HQ and JLSG. Skolkan include Bothnia, Torrike, Lindsey, ercise. According to its concept, GOKT16 • Ex. GORDIAN PIKE 16 - KLT 1, Arnland, Framland and Otso. Current- was conducted in four phases: contacted from 2 to 3 Feb 2016. The aim ly, Skolkan has two settings: Skolkan 1.0 • Phase l: Foundation Training. was to update and further familiarise presents a complex Article 5 collective First one of these phases was the Foun- NRDC-GR Key Leader audience on the defence of a NATO Member Nation that dation Training, during which the main HQ’s JTF policy and concepts. A fruit- enables interaction between the Nations training events have been the following: ful focused discussion helped in order and the NATO Command Structure at all • The Ex. GORDIAN BONUS III/15 to achieve a common approach on the echelons, whereas Skolkan 2.0 provides - (BST lll), which was consisted by the JTF procedures and outcomes needed to be a complex non-Article 5 setting, in which ACADEMICS, taken place from 30 Nov followed during deployment of NRDC-GR a failing state contributes to regional to 4 Dec 2015. This training event was FCE/lCE and JLSG. instability, leading to a NATO-led Crisis focused on getting NRDC-GR staff famil- • Ex. GORDIAN BONUS I/16 - BST Response Operation (CRO). Ex. GOKT 16 iar with JTF policy and concepts (C2, DE- I, the first in the series of Battle Staff was based on the Skolkan 2.0 , which fo- PLOYMENT, LOGISTIC). Trainings to test the C2 concept, from cuses on the failing state of ARLAND in • The Affiliation workshop 16, 22 to 26 Feb 2016. Aim of BST l was the the fictional SKOLKAN region of northern that was contacted from 25 to 26 Jan familiarisation of NRDC-GR Staff with the Europe and challenges the staff with re- 2016. The aim of the workshop has been FCE/lCE and JLSG deployment concepts and policy, with particular emphasis on JLSG SOP’s, SOI’s and concepts. During this training the interaction among -Div isions - Branches have been promoted. At the end of this BST, NRDC-GR Staff had been acquainted with the procedures and outcomes needed to develop FCE/ ICE and JLSG capability blocks. • Ex. GORDIAN BONUS II/16 - BST II (Deployment of OLRT), from 09 to 13 May 2016. During BST II main effort was to train and exercise the deployment of OLRT. Its task have been to gain and provide situational awareness, liaise and assess requirements, support the plan- ning process and shape the information 31 articles

Commands have been portrayed. • Phase lV: Assessment. Last phase of the exercise have been the as- sessment. An After Action Review (AAR) conducted on 17 Jun 2016, where were captured actionable Lessons ldentified and requirements for correcting deficien- cies and making improvements in the HQ’s organisation, processes, proced- environment. ures, and training. • Phase II: Crisis Response Plan- The main phase of the exercise have ning. The second of the Ex GOKT 16 phas- been the execution phase, which has als of Albania, Bulgaria, France, Romania, es have been focused on the production been conducted successfully with the Spain, Turkey and USA, along with DCOM of an executable Operation Plan (OPLAN) participation of more than 530 troops ARRC, NRDC-SP, NRDC-T and other distin- and has been conducted from 15 - 31 Mar from 12 countries. As already men- guished guests. 2016 (GORDIAN VENTURE 16-GOVE16). tioned, the aim of the exercise was to Ex. GOKT 16 consists the conclusion • Phase lll: Execution. The exe- train NRDC-GR in commanding and con- of the NRDC-GR’s first step to its trans- cution phase of the exercise was divid- trolling a multinational deployed force, formation from a High Readiness Force ed in two sub phases. During the first tailored to conduct Initial Entry oper- (HRF) to a Joint HQ. Our vision for NRDC- one (Phase IIIa), from 20 - 21 Apr 16, a ations and Reception Staging and Onward GR is to be evolved in a modern and com- ROC - Drill took place. The aim was to re- Movement (RSOM), in a small Joint oper- plex operational environment, infused hearse GOKT 16 OPLAN and to improve ation (SJO(L)) environment. The exercise with faith to military values, profession- synchronisation, through conducting a was a Command Post Exercise (CPX) in a alism, optimism, morale and a good dose theatre map exercise. The second sub- non-article 5 NATO led Crisis Response of smile. Our headquarters empowered phase (Phase IIIb) consisted from the Ex. Operation (CRO), in order to prepare for by exquisite human relationships, while GORDIAN SIGNALLER l/16 - GOSR l/16 - the role as a JTF HQ in 2018. working on a new challenge, still main- COMMEX, that took place from 30 May The executiophase of the exercise tains the capability of rapid deployment, to 3 Jun 2016 to check the CIS settings concluded on June 17th, 2016, when demonstrating our country’s commit- for Ex. GOKT 16 and finally from the Ex. NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece ment to the Alliance through solidarity GOKT 16 that has been the execution (NRDC-GR), welcomed the distinguished and collaboration; two virtues that along of the OPLAN tailored to the developing visitors. Among others the HQ honoured with the devotion to mission and Chain situation. NRDC-GR JLSG with full CE and with their presence the Chief of Hellenic of Command are the best weapons in FCE/ICE CP have been deployed while National Defense General Staff Admiral order to face the challenging and fragile higher, adjacent and subordinate HQ/ Evaggelos APOSTOLAKIS, Consul Gener- changes of the geostrategic environment and improve the stability in the southern flank of the Alliance.

Elias NIKEZIS OF-3 (HE A) Chief Media OPS/Deputy Chief PAO/PAA NRDC-GR/PAO

32 articles An Interview with the Outgoing NRDC-GR Dcos RSC BGen (ITA A) Brouno MORACE

was really an impressive and engaging ef- fort that lasted for many months, eventu- ally culminating with the GORGIAN KNOT 15 exercise. That excellence result was a success whose credit goes to all NRDC-GR staff and to the Greek Army and Defense General Staffs for their unlimited sup- port.

You have been together with both Greek and Allied personnel, but most of them left according to the annually rota- tion plan of their respective commands. What is your message to all of them as you are considered an expert, profes- sional and successful officer and as I know your first priority all these years was the personnel?

A three-year tour of duty in a NATO Brigadier General (ITA A) Bruno MOR- of things, training our HQ continuously HQ is recommended: unfortunately many ACE has served in NRDC-GR since June and tackling always new challenges, but if staff officers, due to their national laws 2013. His contribution to our HQ evolve- I have to name one specific event, I would and regulation, left the HQ earlier than ment through out those years has been say our effort to achieve a full operation- that. In my case I’m convinced that, how- more than significant. During his last ex- al capability at the CREVAL in 2015. That ever long they stayed here, they have en- ercise with NRDC-GR HQ, he honoured us, with a last interview.

Sir, you have been assigned in our Headquarters since June 2013 in a chal- lenging post as Deputy Chief of Staff of Rear Support Command. Looking back could you tell us which have been your most memorable moments in NATO Rapid Deployable Corps Greece?

All my three-year tour of duty has been memorable, because I have worked in a great multinational environment, alongside with a professionally prepared and highly motivated staff. We made a lot 33 articles riched themselves in terms of human re- Southern Italy’s cities where I lived in , HQ structure will be modified and we’ll lations and professionalism. Serving in a like Naples, or Salerno, it’s so lively, but… start welcoming more joint staff. All NATO HQ, among colleagues from many on a calmer tone! together toward the next objective, the Nations, with a vast array of different cul- JOINTEVAL. tures and military backgrounds, is always During the last years NRDC-GR has a rewarding and enjoying experience. We been tested through several challenges NRDC-GR has already a high rep- have always to learn from each other… so and achieved significant results. As you resentation of multinational personnel many message is “open your minds”! have already been part of this effort, and Italy has a significant part on this which are your expectations for this new staff. As the Senior National Represent- I am aware that you have visited beginning towards its transformation to ative of your contingence what is the a lot of the Greek archaeological and Joint Task Force HQ? message to your Italian colleagues in other recreation sites. Could you tell us NRDC-GR? your opinion about the similarities of The next goal to reach for NRDC-GR both Greek and Italian ones as well as is something very new for us: we need to What to tell to my Italian colleagues the social life here in Thessaloniki? be and to think joint, then at the same here? They are already realized they have time our staff will plan and execute at the been blessed to have been posted here, There are a lot of similarities between operational and at the tactical level. It’s a in NRDC-GR. They and their families have our cultures: our roots are in common, new way of thinking and operating. We to enjoy every moment in this wonderful we are Mediterranean people. My family had a flavour of those challenges in our city and discover Greece, its culture and and I enjoyed every moment in Thessa- GOKT-16 exercise: we are eager to start traditions, possibly with Greek friends of loniki. There are so many things to do analyzing all the lessons we have already them. I wish them all the best for their here! Thessaloniki reminds me of many identified. Then, later this summer, the time in NRDC-GR: as far as I’m concerned, Thessaloniki and Greece will have a spe- cial place in my heart forever.

Theofani LOLA Journalist

34 seminars - conferences NRDC-GR Affiliation Conference 2016

T he Commander of NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece Lt General Ilias Leontaris welcomed the Command- ers of the Affiliated and Dedicated Forc- es to NRDC-GR, who participated to the Affiliation Conference 2016, held on 26 January 2016 within the Headquarters in Thessaloniki. The Affiliation Conference is an annual event to enhance affiliation relationships at staff level, to exchange information and to explain working procedures in op- erations and exercises. After the Frame- work Nation’s decision to offer NRDC – GR HQ as the NATO Force Structure Joint Headquarters (NFS JHQ), the conference focused on the transformation process to the Joint Task Force HQ (JTF HQ) which has been already initiated. The aim was to enhance affiliation relationships at Commanders level, exchange informa- tion and explain the ongoing working documents, and procedures towards JTF HQ and JLSG. The conference was concluded with all the Commanders of the Affiliated Formations stating that they understood the role and the requirements that they have to exercise in the new JTF Concept.

3535 seminars - conferences Exercise GOKT-16 Main Planning Conference 2016

O n 27th and 28th of January 2016, NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece HQ hosted the Main Planning Confer- ence (MPC) of Exercise GORDIAN KNOT 16 (GOKT-16), which is the HQ’s main training activity for 2016 and the first exercise on the road map to its transfor- mation into a Joint Task Force (JTF) Head- quarters. In the event participated repre- sentatives of the Affiliated Formations/ Units, as well as subordinate formations at staff level to cover MPC Syndicates. The aim of the MPC was to collect final inputs for the upcoming exercise’s EXPLAN as required to gain endorsement and enable the development of the re- maining scenario modules. The Confer- ence started with a plenary session and then spilled into syndicates for detailed planning. It demonstrated precisely the current situation of the Ex. GOKT –16 planning process. As outcome, it helped in creating a common understanding in order to improve mutual knowledge and identify main expectations and train- ing opportunities, being an excellent milestone in the NRDC-GR road map for upgrading its capabilities, as well as the upcoming challenges on the way ahead to NRDC-GR transition to Joint Task Force HQ. Chief of Staff NRDC- GR Major General Dimitrios KALOGEROPOULOS, in his clos- ing remarks, expressed his gratitude and his appreciation to all participants, not only for their presence and significant contribution but also for their high lev- el of professionalism and the excellent work they have done during the confer- ence.

36 seminars - conferences NRDC-GR Extraordinary Plenary Conference 2016

N ATO Rapid Deployed Corps – Greece Extraordinary Plenary Confer- ence was held at the HQ’s premises on Wednesday, February 17th 2016. Na- tional Representatives from the partici- pant Nations and additional countries that are interested in joining the HQ par- ticipated, while Greece was represented by the Hellenic National Defense -Gen eral Staff (HNDGS) and the Hellenic Army General Staff (HAGS) officers. Participat- ing Nations representatives confirmed their commitment to support NRDC-GR in all the necessary changes on the way to the transformation of the Headquar- ters to Joint HQ and there was consensus in all discussed subjects. Commander of NRDC-GR Lt. General Ilias LEONTARIS welcomed all the par- ticipants and highlighted that we have to cope with the new challenges that came up as well as the changes needed for the next steps of the HQ, in order to deal with the evolving NATO transformation and thanked all National Representatives for the support provided to NRDC-GR.

3737 seminars - conferences

NRDC-GR Exercise “GORDIAN BONUS I/16”

NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) conducted from 22nd to 26th Feb 2016 exercise GORDIAN BO- NUS I/16 that was not only the first of the year but also the first Battle Staff train- ing (BST) with Joint Headquarters pro- cedures and Operational level mindset, towards the transformation to Joint Task Force Headquarters. This collective training event was de- signed to check and refine HQ’s capabili- ties in mission essential task, comprising responsibilities from several functional areas. The aim of BST was the prepara- tion of staff, with a special focus on pro- cedures in connection with the desired battle rhythm, in order to test and opera- tionalise the knowledge of the Joint Task Force Command and Control concept. Through exercises such as “Gordian Knot 2016”, NRDC-GR is able to visibly assure Alliance members of the ability to meet it’s obligations, by maintaining and sustaining the achieved high readi- ness standards, while at the same time the exercise scenario demonstrates the defensive nature of the activities and the ability to adjust this posture if necessary.

38 seminars - conferences

NRDC-GR AOCC Seminar “IKAROS I/16”

NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece / Air Operations Coordination Centre (NRDC-GR/AOCC) organized in the premises of our HQ the “IKAROS” Semi- nar, which is held on a biannual basis, with the participation of Air Subject Mat- ter Experts (SMEs) from other NATO HQs. The aim of the seminar was to famil- iarize the staff of NRDC–GR on matters related to air force issues, focusing on the transformation process of the HQ to assume the role of NATO Force Struc- ture Joint HQ. The NATO Air SMEs from the other HQs delivered briefing sharing their experience on the Joint Operational issues. The seminar was highly productive, due among others to the valuable con- tribution of the external participants and the establishment of a forum for fruitful discussion and sharing of experiences, being a precious milestone in the NRDC- GR road map for upgrading its capabili- ties, as well as the upcoming challenges on the way ahead to NRDC-GR transfor- mation to Joint HQ.

3939 seminars - conferences

Enhancing the “Operational Mindset”

NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) contacted success- fully, from the 7th to 10th of March 2016, the Joint Operations Planning Group (JOPG) training, enhancing further the Headquarters’ Operation Planning Pro- cess (OPP) capabilities. The activity con- sists one of the key points towards the NRDC-GR transition to Joint HQ. The training has been organized by NRDC- GR G5 and with the support of Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) from ARRC, who shared their experience with the HQ per- sonnel. The aim of the training was to provide the academic framework and doctrinal background for the operational level plan- ning and to practice on selected steps/ events of the OPP. In addition, a Tools for Operations Planning Functional Area Service (TOPFAS) practitioner course has already been concluded during the previ- ous week, in order to familiarize NRDC- GR’s Staff Personnel that will be engaged in JOPG during the upcoming Crisis Re- sponse Planning (CRP) and exercise Gor- dian Knot 2016, with TOPFAS capabilities and make the participant skillful of using the respective tool during the OPP. It has been a great opportunity to ex- change opinions, experiences and ideas, on issues concerning Joint Operational Planning and raised personnel’s knowl- edge on planning procedures in opera- tional level. NRDC-GR will keep up its solid contribution to the association en- richment effort with sister HQs in terms of mutual training assistance, partner- ship, sharing of knowledge and experi- ence. 40 seminars - conferences

A Milestone Towards NRDC-GR Transition to JTF HQ

On Wednesday, April 6th 2016, NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) conducted successfully the Final Coordination Conference (FCC) of exercise “Gordian Knot 2016” (GOKT-16). Host Nation (Greece) & Affiliated Units representatives, NRDC-GR Core Planning Team, the Senior National Representa- tives of the Headquarters’ (HQ) troop contributing nations, along with key per- sonnel from the HQ, were the main par- ticipants of the conference. The conference consisted of a combi- nation of briefings, syndicates, and dis- cussion periods in order to accomplish final coordination activities and to decide the way ahead for the execution phase of GOKT-16 in line with the Exercise Plan- ning Process. Exercise GOKT-16 will be the main training activity of NRDC-GR for 2016, focused at initiating transition towards a Joint Task Forces capability, adapting the nowadays fragile security environment’s physical, virtual, and psychological di- mensions.

4141 seminars - conferences

“Dynamic Targeting Course” in NRDC-GR

NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) conducted, from 11th to 15th April 2016, the “Advanced FAST, FAS & Dynamic Targeting” External Train- ing Course in the HQ’s premises.

The training event, concluded in a friendly and very constructive atmos- phere, provided the participants with ad- vanced knowledge concerning Dynamic Targeting / TST process and skills to use the FAST application. Furthermore, as the HQ is at the point of transformation to a Joint HQ, the training was focused on the Operational Level within the new joint environment.

NRDC-GR continues to train its multi- national personnel along with external participants and Subject Matter Experts from NATO Command and Force Struc- ture HQs, adapting doctrines and proce- dures, to achieve the appropriate capa- bility and capacity to meet its level of am bition for future upcoming challenges.

42 seminars - conferences 5th GRF(L) HQ’s Chiefs of Staff Conference Hosted by NRDC GR HQ

From June 27th to 29th 2016, ΝΑΤΟ Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR), hosted the 5th GRF (L) HQ’s Chief of Staff (COS) Conference which was chaired by LANDCOM. Οn behalf of the Commander of NRDC-GR the Deputy Commander welcomed the distinguished visitors in the HQ’s premises. The over- arching theme of the conference was LANDCOM’s role, as the bridge between the ΝΑΤΟ Command Structure (NCS) and ΝΑΤΟ Force Structure (NFC) for Gradu- ated Readiness Forces Land ,GRF(L)s. The focus was to come together and provide perspective, useful solutions and constructive feedback on progress and future initiatives, finding solutions, -form ing a common shared visualization. The goal of the event was to provide ΝΑΤΟ Command Structure, NCS insights and fa- cilitate discussions, as well as to outline the numerous milestones and challenges LANDCOM and GRFL’s face in order to engage in a review of thoughts and ideas at every level to identify the best ways to face them. The conference was conducted in a very fruitful and constructive atmos- phere thus being a unique opportunity for strengthening relationships and un- derstanding across the Alliance, provid- ing all attendees with a considerable sum of additional ideal platform for develop- ing practical solutions. In the end of the conference LANDCOM Chief of Staff, ex- flexible multinational forces and their temporary basis under specific readiness pressed his appreciation for the support command and control capabilities. The criteria. These provide a ροοl of forces in provided by NRDC-GR for the successful NFS is composed of allied national and order to allow for a high degree of flex- execution of this event. multinational forces and HQs placed at ibility to meet the requirements of con- GRFs (L) provide the Alliance with rap- the Alliance’s disposal on a permanent or ducting and sustaining operations. idly deployable, mobile, sustainable and 4343 community relations NRDC-GR Commander Receives the Visit of NRDC-ITA Commander

The Commander of NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece, Lieutenant General Ilias LEONTARIS, welcomed the Commander of NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Italy, Lieutenant General Ricca- rdo MARCHIO, while on an official visit to the NATO Headquarters on Tuesday, February 16th 2016. After the welcome ceremony, Lt Gen Riccardo MARCHIO, had an office call with the Commander of NRDC-GR, were they discussed subjects of common concern involving both NRDC-GR and NRDC-ITA headquarters. The office call was followed by a briefing presentation, regarding the structure, role and mission of the NRDC-GR Headquarters as well as the upcoming challenges, which lay ahead the NRDC-GR transition to Joint Headquarters (JHQ). After the conclusion of the briefing, NRDC-ITA Commander had the opportunity to answer questions regarding the NRDC-ITA JHQ transforma- tion experience followed by a short tour of the HQ facilities. This visit was a follow up to the NRDC- GR Commander’s visit to NRDC-ITA on February 4th, 2016. Both visits were con- ducted in the spirit of mutual apprecia- tion, demonstrating the strong relation between the two NATO Force Structure (NFS) Headquarters, which share the same challenges as they are located in the South flank of NATO.

44 community relations

NRDC-GR Celebrates the Bulgarian Liberation Day

On February 26th NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece Headquar- ters (NRDC-GR HQ) celebrated the Bul- garian Liberation Day, with a flag raising ceremony in front of the main building of the HQ at Pedion Areos camp. The event honored with their presence the Com- mander NRDC-GR Lieutenant General Ilias LEONTARIS, the Bulgarian Deputy Consul Mr. Ivan Dimitrov, the entire staff of the HQ as well as many Bulgarian in- vitees living in Thessaloniki. The official Liberation Day of -Bulgar ia is March 3rd and this day is referred to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 that led to the re-establishment of the Bulgarian state under the Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878. According to the treaty, the Ottoman Empire was de- prived of a large portion of its territory, which was assigned to the client state, Bulgaria. Major General (BGR A) Plamen LILOV, as Senior Bulgarian Officer assigned to NRDC-GR, delivered a speech explaining the history and the meaning of the colors and the three discrete parts of Bulgarian flag. A reception hosted by the Bulgarian contingent followed the celebration.

4545 community relations NRDC-GR Celebrates the Anniversary of the Hellenic Revolution of March 25th, 1821

On Thursday, March 24th 2016, an official Hellenic flag raising ceremony was held in the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) Headquar- ters (HQ) in “PEDION AREOS” Camp in Thessaloniki, within the framework of the celebration of the anniversary of the Hellenic Revolution of March 25th, 1821. The ceremony was attended, along with the Commander of the C’Corps/ NRDC-GR, the General Consuls of the Troop Contributing Nations (TCNs) to the HQ personnel, representatives from the political and military authorities of Thes- saloniki and the entire staff of the HQ. The Chief of Staff (COS) of NRDC-GR, who delivered the speech of the day, highlighted during his speech the self- sacrifice of Greek soldiers in their- ef forts to protect the holiest symbol of the Greek Nation, the “National Flag”,- dur ing the long history of the Greek Nation. Moreover, he explained that the motto “Freedom or Death (Eleftheria i Thana- tos), arose during the independence rev- olution, is still popular regarding the use of nine (9) strips (for the nine syllables of the motto) in the Greek flag. NRDC-GR flag raising ceremonies are annual events within the HQ’s multina- tional context that promote our common values, built and enhance relationships with political and military authorities, respect the historical dimensions of the TCNs, and promote the HQ’s and the Alli- ance’s transparency and openness.

46 community relations

Chief of Staff of KFOR visits NRDC-GR HQ

O n May 23rd, 2016, Chief of Staff (COS) of Kosovo Force (KFOR) Brigadier General Janson D. BOYLES and Commander (COM) of KFOR Joint Logistics Support Group (JLSG) Colonel Arnold STAUDACHER visited NATO Rapid Deployable Corps Greece Headquarters (NRDC-GR HQ) on the opportunity of their presence in Thessaloniki. The distinguished visitor had a cour- tesy meeting with the COS of NRDC-GR, where they had the opportunity to dis- cuss the current situation in Kosovo. During the visit they received a de- tailed brief on the structure, mission and training activities of NRDC-GR HQ, as well as the upcoming challenges on the way ahead for NRDC-GR transition to Joint HQ. “Focus on KFOR mission”, Brigadier General Janson D. BOYLES was interviewed by NRDC-GR PAO and in a comprehensive approach materialized the last developments in Kosovo to- wards the future. In a special reference the General stressed out the outstand- ing professionalism and commitment of the Greek soldiers from the beginning of KFOR mission. Before they departure, COS and JLSG COM of KFOR expressed their apprecia- tion for the warm hospitality as well as their confidence that NRDC-GR has the capabilities to accomplish its mission, highlighting the professionalism of both Hellenic and Allied personnel. The visit was concluded with a commemorative family photo in the Landmark of the Headquarters.

4747 community relations

NRDC-GR Celebrates the Italian Republic Day

On May 27th NATO Rapid De- ployable Corps – Greece Headquarters (NRDC-GR HQ) celebrated the Italian Re- public Day, with a flag raising ceremony in front of the main building of the HQ at Pedion Areos camp. The event honored with their presence the Commander NRDC-GR, the Honorary Consul of Italy Mr. Christos Sarantopoulos, the entire staff of the HQ as well as many Italian in- vitees living in Thessaloniki. June 2nd 1946 is the real day we honor today, the day when Italians voted and chose the Republic instead of the Monarchy. The same day in addition rep- resents the end of the “Risorgimento” period, during which the people of Italy achieved the reunification that signaled the beginning of modern Italy, after the tragedies of Fascism and the World War. “Today, stand proud with our Tricolore” Brigadier General (IT A) Bruno MORACE stated during his speech of the day, as Italians call their Green, White and Red flag, which dates back to 1797, inspired by the French revolution colors. Brigadier General (IT A) Bruno MORACE, as Senior Italian Officer as- signed to NRDC-GR, during his speech also highlighted that the Italian person- nel of the HQ is very proud being part “of this outstanding team and ready to give their best contribution in achieving all the goals set for the transformation into a Joint Headquarters and beyond”; and NRDC-GR is proud too, having them among its staff and grateful of their sig- nificant contribution.

48 community relations United Kingdom’s 104th Logistic Support Brigade Delegation Visit NRDC-GR Ex.”GORDIAN KNOT 2016”

On June 8th, 2016, NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR) hosted a UK Delegation. Led by Briga- dier General Simon Tony HUTCHINGS, Commander of 104thBrigade, along with seven officers, they visited NRDC-GR Joint Headquarters at Gordian Knot 2016 (GOKT-16) exercise area, in “PROKOPIDI” Camp, Assiros, where the HQ’s annual exercise Gordian Knot 2016 (GOKT-16) is currently ongoing. The visit took place in the frame of a Battlefield Study, which concerns the les- sons learned, in the Thessaloniki front, during World War I, especially on Com- bat Service Support (CSS) issues. After receiving a general briefing about NRDC- GR HQ, an introduction to the exercise scenario and a Joint Logistic Support Group presentation took place, followed by a fruitful discussion between logistic area subject matter experts, including aspects related to the Joint HQ transfor- mation approaches by NATO HQs in the last years’ exercises. In continuing, the visitors had the op- portunity to have a first-hand view from the several functional areas within the Initial Command Element (ICE) of the HQ as well as the Joint Logistic Support Group (JLSG) Command Post (CP) receiv- ing individual briefings on the respective services provided by all deployed enti- ties. Commander of NRDC-GR joined the team at the end of the tour, having a very interesting exchange of views with the head of the UK delegation. The visit con- cluded with a family photo, at the gate of the exercise area, underneath the flags of the 28 NATO Nations. 4949 community relations

Italian “FRIULI” Division Delivers Insignia to NRDC-GR

On June 17th, 2016, the Italian “FRIULI” Division officially delivered its own insignia to NATO Rapid Deployable Corps – Greece (NRDC-GR). The event that signifies the strong bond between Greece and Italy, took place in “Proko- pidi” Camp (Assiros village in North East of Greece), in the deployment area of ex- ercise “Gordian Knot” 2016, during the Distinguished Visitors Day. “FRIULI” is the name of an Italian re- gion located in the North – East of Italy and the current insignia is very similar to the traditional one adopted by “Friuli” Division before the Second World War. The “FRIULI” Division emblem consists of a blue, yellow rimmed shield with the gladius, the short sword used in ancient Rome by legionaries, superimposed to the oak leaves symbol of the strength. It is completed with the words “DIVISIONE FRIULI” and the two stars referring to the divisional level. The “FRIULI” Division was raised in Milan in November 1884 and it has contributed as to the First and Second World Wars. In recognition of its gallant behavior during the period 1943-1945, the Flags of “FRIULI” Regiments were awarded with two Silver Medals and one Bronze Medal for Military Valour. Today, “FRIULI” Division is a cornerstone of the Italian Army and consists of 11.000 Afghanistan, Djibouti, Iraq and Somalia. and welcomed opportunity for “FRIULI” personnel, 3 Brigades: “POZZUOLO DEL The Division has been affiliated to NRDC- Division to train in NATO context, in a FRIULI”, “ARIETE” and “FRIULI”, 15 Regi- GR since 2014. more general affiliation with NRDC-GR. ments and 4 Battalions. “FRIULI” Divi- The Commander of “FRIULI” Division, The Commander of NRDC-GR returned sion, thanks to its comprehensive and Major General Flaviano GODIO, during back the compliments, welcoming the joint capabilities (airmobile, armored his speech thanked the Commander of “FRIULI” insignia and expressed his ap- and amphibious) represents a tremen- NRDC-GR, Lieutenant General Alkiviades preciation to the Italian Division for their dous and valuable asset for NRDC-GR. STEFANIS, for the opportunity offered to effective cooperation and contribution, Its Units have been participating in officially deliver the insignia of the Divi- especially on this intense effort of NRDC- operations in Italy, as homeland security sion to NRDC-GR. Moreover, he high- GR HQ, towards its evolution to a Joint as well as abroad, in Lebanon, Kosovo, lighted that exercise “GOKT-16” is a key Task Force HQ. 50 NATO Rapid Deployable Corps GREECE

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NATO Rapid Deployable Corps GREECE