Crude Oil Stabilization Process) Amirul Asyraff Bin Othman Chemical Engineering CRUDE OIL Dr

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Crude Oil Stabilization Process) Amirul Asyraff Bin Othman Chemical Engineering CRUDE OIL Dr TITLE Simulation and Design of the Topside of a Floating Production, Storage and Offloading vessel. (FPSO) (Crude Oil Stabilization Process) Amirul Asyraff Bin Othman Chemical Engineering CRUDE OIL Dr. Fernando Carrillo Navarrete SEPTEMBER 2019 STABILIZATION PROCESS EL PROCESO DE ESTABILIZACION DEL CRUDO CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................ 3 LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................................. 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................... 6 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 CRUDE OIL PROCESSING AT UPSTREAM .............................................................................................. 8 1.2 OBJECTIVES ........................................................................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 VAPOR PRESSURE .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 REID VAPOR PRESSURE (RVP) AND TRUE VAPOR PRESSURE (TVP) ............................................. 11 2.1.2 DEVELOPMENT OF MODEL FOR CORRELATION OF TVP WITH RVP OF CRUDE OIL .................... 12 2.1.3 CORRELATION BETWEEN VAPOR PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE OF A FLUID ........................... 16 2.1.4 ESTIMATION OF VAPOR PRESSURE USING ANTOINE EQUATION ............................................... 17 2.2 OFFSHORE ......................................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 FLOATING PRODUCTION STORAGE AND OFFLOADING (FPSO) ................................................... 18 2.3 PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATION PROCESS ................................................................................................ 19 2.3.1 SEPARATION PROCESS IN OIL AND GAS ...................................................................................... 19 REMOVAL OF GAS FROM OIL ............................................................................................................... 19 SEPARATION OF WATER FROM OIL ..................................................................................................... 20 2.3.2 EFFECT OF SEPARATOR OPERATING PRESSURE ON LIQUID RECOVERY ...................................... 21 2.3.2 EFFECT OF NUMBER OF STAGES ON LIQUID RECOVERY ............................................................. 21 2.4 PROPERTY PACKAGES ........................................................................................................................ 22 2.4.1 PENG ROBINSON ........................................................................................................................ 23 2.4.2 CHAO SEADER ............................................................................................................................. 24 CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 25 3.1 PROJECT RESEARCH ........................................................................................................................... 25 3.2 BACKGROUND OF CENDOR PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT ........................................................................ 25 3.3 PROJECT SIMULATIONS .................................................................................................................... 26 CHAPTER 4. RESULTS & DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................... 28 4.1 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................................ 28 4.2 PROCESS SIMULATIONS CASE STUDY ................................................................................................ 33 1 4.2.1 FLUID PACKAGE .......................................................................................................................... 35 4.3 UNITS ................................................................................................................................................. 35 4.3. EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OPERATING CONDITIONS ON TRUE VAPOR PRESSURE (TVP) AND REID VAPOR PRESSURE (RVP) .......................................................................................................................... 36 4.3.1 EFFECTS OF INLET FEED PARAMETERS ....................................................................................... 38 4.3.2 EFFECTS THREE PHASE SEPARATOR PARAMETERS ..................................................................... 56 4.4 EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT OPERATING PRESSURE OF SEPARATOR AND NUMBER OF SEPARATION PROCESS TOWARDS THE FINAL COMPOSITION OF THE CRUDE OIL. ....................................................... 65 CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 72 CHAPTER 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................................................... 74 CHAPTER 7. APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................. 76 APPENDIX I .............................................................................................................................................. 76 DRAWINGS, SCHEMATIC AND PFDS OF CENDOR PHASE 2 FIELD PROJECT ............................................. 76 APPENDIX II ............................................................................................................................................. 78 BASIS OF SIMULATIONS, CRUDE OIL COMPOSITION ............................................................................... 78 APPENDIX III ............................................................................................................................................ 81 PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS DATA TABLES .................................................................................................... 81 DATA TABLES OF SIMULATIONS USING PENG ROBINSON AS FLUID PACKAGE. ................................... 81 DATA TABLES OF SIMULATIONS USING CHAO - SEADER AS FLUID PACKAGE. ..................................... 86 APPENDIX IV ............................................................................................................................................ 91 STANDARD CONDITIONS OF THE SIMULATION ................................................................................... 91 APPENDIX V ............................................................................................................................................. 98 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY .............................................................................................................. 98 2 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Nomograph for the conversion of RVP to TVP and vice versa [6]. ________________________________ 13 Figure 2. The approximate relationship between RVP and RVP for different volatile crude and petroleum products is given by W L Nelson in reference[2] _______________________________________________________________ 14 Figure 3. The approximate relationship between RVP and RVP for different volatile crude and petroleum products is given by W L Nelson in reference [2] ______________________________________________________________ 15 Figure 4. The typical system and its recommended property methods.[13] _______________________________ 23 Figure 5. Full PFD of the process. _________________________________________________________________ 29 Figure 6. Phase envelope curve for the composition of the feed. ________________________________________ 32 Figure 7. Cendor 2 (H15) Well HP - Std Ideal Liq Vol Flow (barrel/day) using Peng Robinson __________________ 40 Figure 8. Cendor 2 (H15) Well HP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Chao - Seader ______________________ 41 Figure 9.Cendor 2 (H15) Well LP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Peng Robinson ______________________ 42 Figure 10.Cendor 2 (H15) Well LP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Chao – Seader _____________________ 42 Figure 11. Cendor 2 (H15) Well Freewater HP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Peng Robinson ___________ 44 Figure 12.Cendor 2 (H15) Well Freewater HP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Chao – Seader ____________ 44 Figure 13. Cendor 2 (H15) Well Freewater LP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Peng Robinson ____________ 46 Figure 14. Cendor 2 (H15) Well Freewater LP - Std Ideal Liq Flow (barrel/day) using Chao – Seader. ____________ 46 Figure 15. Cendor 2 (H15) Well HP - Temperature (⁰C) using Peng Robinson _______________________________ 48 Figure 16.Cendor 2 (H15) Well HP - Temperature (⁰C) using Chao – Seader _______________________________
Recommended publications
  • | Hao Wakati Akitoluuuummit
    |HAO WAKATI AKITOLUUUUMMITUS009969660B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,969 , 660 B2 Iyer et al. ( 45 ) Date of Patent: May 15 , 2018 ( 54 ) NATURAL GAS PROCESSING AND ( 52 ) U .S . CI. SYSTEMS ??? .. C07C 2 / 82 ( 2013 .01 ) ; B01J 8 /02 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; B01J 8 /04 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; (71 ) Applicant : Siluria Technologies, Inc. , San C07C 2 /06 (2013 . 01 ) ; C07C 2 /84 ( 2013. 01 ) ; Francisco , CA (US ) C10G 9 / 00 (2013 .01 ) ; C10G 50 / 00 ( 2013 .01 ) ; C10G 57/ 00 (2013 .01 ) ; CI0G 57 / 02 (72 ) Inventors : Rahul Iyer , Kensington , CA (US ) ; Alex ( 2013. 01 ) ; YO2P 20 / 52 ( 2015 . 11 ) Tkachenko, San Francisco , CA (US ) ; (58 ) Field of Classification Search Sam Weinberger , San Francisco , CA CPC . .. .. .. .. .. C07C 2 / 00 (US ) ; Erik Scher , San Francisco , CA USPC . .. 585 /500 , 943 , 700 (US ) ; Guido Radaelli , South San See application file for complete search history . Francisco , CA (US ) ; Hatem Harraz , San Francisco , CA (US ) (56 ) References Cited ( 73 ) Assignee : SILURIA TECHNOLOGIES , INC . , U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS San Francisco , CA (US ) 2 ,324 , 172 A 7 / 1943 Parkhurst 2 ,486 , 980 A 11/ 1949 Robinson ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 (Continued ) U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 32 days . FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( 21 ) Appl . No . : 13 /936 , 870 2041874 Al 11 / 1992 2765769 AL 1/ 2011 ( 22 ) Filed : Jul. 8 , 2013 (Continued ) (65 ) Prior Publication Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS US 2014 /0018589 A1 Jan . 16 , 2014 Oil Refinery — Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia , Jan . 2009. * Related U . S . Application Data (Continued ) ( 60 ) Provisional application No .
    [Show full text]
  • Used Oil Re-Refining Study to Address Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1838
    U.S. Department of Energy • Offi ce of Fossil Energy Used Oil Re-refi ning Study to Address Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1838 July 2006 Used Oil Re-refining Study to Address Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1838 Office of Oil and Natural Gas Office of Fossil Energy U.S. Department of Energy Used Oil Re-refining Study to Address Energy Policy Act of 2005 Section 1838 Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary........................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Methodology.............................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Executive Summary Roadmap.................................................................. 1-1 1.3 Worldwide Lube Oil Demand Perspective and Used Oil Management Practices.................................................................................................... 1-2 1.4 Stakeholders in the U.S. Used Oil Business ............................................. 1-3 1.5 Energy and Environmental Impacts........................................................... 1-4 1.6 Existing Federal and State Regulations Dealing with Used Oils ............... 1-5 1.7 Reusing a Valuable Resource................................................................... 1-6 1.8 Specific Steps That Could be Taken to Improve Collections and Increase Re-refining and Other Beneficial Re-use of Used Oils ............... 1-7 1.8.1 Utilize Information Exchange Processes to Encourage Progress on Used Oil Management and Recycling .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fixed Offshore Production Facilities Index
    FIXED OFFSHORE PRODUCTION FACILITIES INDEX SAIPEM TODAY 4 SAIPEM ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION 6 FIXED OFFSHORE PRODUCTION FACILITIES 8 SAIPEM ASSETS: PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING 16 SAIPEM ASSETS: FABRICATION YARDS WORLDWIDE 20 SAIPEM ASSETS: OFFSHORE CONSTRUCTION FLEET 24 FLOAT-OVER METHOD FOR HEAVY WEIGHT DECK INSTALLATION 28 FIXED OFFSHORE PRODUCTION FACILITIES MAJOR PROJECT REFERENCES 32 FIXED OFFSHORE PRODUCTION FACILITIES MAJOR ENGINEERING REFERENCES 92 MAJOR ENGINEERING & PROJECT REFERENCES (BY COUNTRY) 100 3 SAIPEM TODAY SAIPEM TODAY IS A WORLD LEADER IN THE GLOBAL SUPPLY OF ENGINEERING, PROCUREMENT, PROJECT MANAGEMENT, CONSTRUCTION AND DRILLING SERVICES WITH DISTINCTIVE CAPABILITIES IN THE DESIGN AND EXECUTION OF LARGE-SCALE OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE PROJECTS. Saipem has a strong bias towards oil and gas frontiers, namely activities in harsh and remote areas, in deep waters as well as in extremely cold and hot environments, applying significant technological competences in many diverse fields such as gas monetization and heavy oil exploitation. Saipem operates in the Engineering & Construction and Drilling businesses. 4 5 SAIPEM ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION FOLLOWING AN AGGRESSIVE GROWTH STRATEGY, WHICH INCLUDED IN THE LAST DECADE THE ACQUISITION OF MANY CONSTRUCTION, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING COMPANIES, MOST PROMINENTLY OF SNAMPROGETTI, BOUYGUES OFFSHORE, SOFRESID AND MOSS MARITIME, SAIPEM HAS BECOME ONE OF THE WORLD LARGEST AND MOST COMPLETE ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN THE GLOBAL OIL AND GAS MARKETS, ONSHORE AND OFFSHORE. Ever since its initial steps in the fifties and numerous project execution installation; also revamps, upgradings, as the construction division of Snam, centres around the globe, and with maintenance, decommissionings, the pipeline company of the Eni Group yearly revenues exceeding 10 billion/y; reclamations and decontaminations.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability Report 2018 Our Quality Energy for Your Blue Sea and Sky 2018 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL CORP
    CNOOC Sustainability Report 2018 Our Quality Energy for Your Blue Sea and Sky 2018 SUSTAINABILITY REPORT CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL CORP. CNOOC Office for Policy Research Address: CNOOC Building, No. 25 Chaoyangmenbei Dajie, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010, P.R. China E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cnooc.com.cn REPORT Report Introduction GUIDANCE Following its launch in 2005, this is the Moreover, information about CNOOC’s Corporate Social Responsibilities and Promoting Economic Growth Summary fourteenth consecutive issue of annual management framework, management the Guidelines to the State-owned [P13-34] sustainability report of China National process for sustainable development Enterprises on Better Fulfillment of Offshore Oil Corporation. It is an accurate and our subsidiaries is available on the Corporate Social Responsibilities issued Ensuring Energy Supply 14 Chairman’s Letter P02 reflection of our fulfilment of economic, Company’s website at www.cnooc.com. by State-owned Assets Supervision and Emphasizing Sci-Tech Innovation 23 President’s Letter P04 environmental and social responsibilities cn as sustainability and annual reports over Administration Commission of the State undertaken in 2018. Some pertinent the years. Council of People’s Republic of China Intensifying Safe Operation 30 About Us P06 information about the report is as follows: with reference to the Sustainability Improvements: In order to reflect the Improving Quality Management 34 Corporate Governance and Operation P07 Reporting Entity: China National
    [Show full text]
  • EVALUATING RESILIENCE of OIL and GAS CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS: a ROADMAP Yatin Wadhawan Dr
    EVALUATING RESILIENCE OF OIL AND GAS CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS: A ROADMAP Yatin Wadhawan Dr. Clifford Neuman University of Southern California ISI, University of Southern California Los Angeles, USA Los Angeles, USA [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT midstream refers to the transportation and downstream refers to Cyber attacks affect not only online profiles, bank accounts, and refining and distribution of products of oil and gas. In this study medical health records but also physical infrastructure including we have narrowed our focus on oil production and distribution via oil and gas, the power grid, nuclear, and water treatment plants. A pipelines. Exploration and drilling are out of the scope of this stable energy supply is essential for economic prosperity. research. Production of oil and gas includes pumping, storage, According to US Department of Homeland Security [12], well maintenance, monitoring, pipeline distribution [9] and post approximately 22% of electricity is produced by natural gas production involves distributing it to the end customer, capping of combustion. A recent cyber attack on Norwegian Statoil [15] the sea well and water quality management if offshore. increased concerns regarding the safety of such critical According to US Environmental Protection Agency [11], “Natural infrastructure. In this research paper, we describe a function-based gas is formed when layers of buried animals, plants and gases are approach and framework for evaluating the resilience of oil and exposed to intense heat and pressure over thousands of years.” gas cyber-physical systems (O&GP) under cyber attack. We Steps of producing the natural gas [10] are: (1) take the gas from discuss use of the Measurement-Algorithm-Control system model the well heads, (2) condensate and remove water, (3) acid gas for simulating extreme and rare events in O&GP.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mineral Industry of Iraq in 2015
    2015 Minerals Yearbook IRAQ [ADVANCE RELEASE] U.S. Department of the Interior May 2019 U.S. Geological Survey The Mineral Industry of Iraq By Loyd M. Trimmer III In 2015, Iraq’s mineral industry continued to be negatively Other mineral deposits within Iraq included the Lazzaga affected by the ongoing armed conflict in the country. Although native sulfur deposits located in the Ninawa Governorate, the country’s economy was constrained by both the armed feldspar deposits located in the An Najaf Governorate, and conflict and the decline in global petroleum prices, the country gypsum deposits located in the Governorates of Al Anbar, continued to be an important global producer and exporter of Ninawa, Salah ad Din, and Wasit. The Government was crude petroleum. In 2015, Iraq was the world’s sixth-ranked seeking investors to develop a feldspar mine and flotation plant crude petroleum producer and third-ranked crude petroleum to produce feldspar concentrate in the An Najaf Governorate. exporter. The country produced 1.47 billion barrels (Gbbl) of Geosurv-Iraq estimated that the country hosted resources of crude petroleum in 2015. Iraq hosted the world’s fifth-largest 330 million metric tons (Mt) of dolomite, 130 Mt of gypsum, proven crude petroleum reserves, accounting for 8.4% of the 1,200 Mt of kaolinitic clay stones, 8,000 Mt of limestone, 600 Mt world’s total. Proved natural gas reserves were estimated to of native sulfur, 10,000 Mt of phosphate rock, and 50 Mt of salt be 3.7 trillion cubic meters, or about 2% of the world’s total.
    [Show full text]
  • 10 Products SIMOPRIME MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR
    2 Company profile Modern world is unthinkable without electricity. Quality and reliability standards for electrical equipment are becoming ever more stringent over the years. ServisMontazhIntegratsiya was founded in 2003 with the intention to satisfy the demand for modern, reliable, high-quality power distribution equipment, automation and drive systems. Today OOO ServisMontazhIntegratsiya is one of the largest Russian manufacturers of switchgear equipment and integrator of automation systems and electric drives. Our company has a solid market share and a well- developed branch network in Russia. Our branches and subsidiaries operate all over Russia: in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Izhevsk, Irkutsk, Saratov, Rostov-on-Don, Vladivostok, Omsk, Minsk and Samarkand. Our company’s Integrated Management System (IMS) includes quality management system, environmental management system and occupational health and safety management system. In 2016 the IMS is certified as per ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14001:2015, in 2014 - as per OHSAS 18001:2007. Since 2005 our company is an Official Partner of “Digital production and Continuous production and drives” (DF & PD) and “Energy Management” divisions of SIEMENS AG. OOO ServisMontazhIntegratsiya is licensed to manufacture and market SIVACON (8PT and S8) switchgear inside and outside Russian Federation. In September 2008, based on the company’s performance, SMI was awarded the title of “Gold Technology Partner of SIEMENS AG, Sivacon Technology” and received a personal certificate. OOO ServisMontazhIntegratsiya is an official SIEMENS AG Solution Partner for the production of SIMOPRIME air insulated medium voltage metal clad switchgear. In accordance with the terms of the license agreement on technical cooperation our company is granted the right to manufacture (complete production cycle in strict compliance with SIEMENS AG requirements) and market SIMOPRIME switchgear.
    [Show full text]
  • Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Production: a Technology Assessment DE-AC36-99-GO10337 and Economic Analysis 5B
    A national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Technical Report NREL/TP-510-37779 Production: A Technology November 2006 Assessment and Economic Analysis M. Ringer, V. Putsche, and J. Scahill NREL is operated by Midwest Research Institute ● Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 Large-Scale Pyrolysis Oil Technical Report NREL/TP-510-37779 Production: A Technology November 2006 Assessment and Economic Analysis M. Ringer, V. Putsche, and J. Scahill Prepared under Task No. BB06.7510 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy by Midwest Research Institute • Battelle Contract No. DE-AC36-99-GO10337 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Well Head Pressure Sensor Data for Anomaly Detection in Oil Well Using Iiot and Unsupervised Learning Technique
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 10 | Oct 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Analysis of Well Head Pressure Sensor Data for Anomaly Detection in Oil Well using IIoT and Unsupervised learning Technique Shreyas Lele1 1B.Tech ( Information Technology ), Software Engineer ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Devices with sensors and IIOT analysis became a breakthrough in modern technology. IIOT is used in almost all areas of technology. In the oil and gas industry, IIOT-based analytics is critical. This paper presents our approach where we apply unsupervised learning technique on pressure sensors data to detect the anomaly in Oil well by predicting future pressure values. This document focuses on the number of advances in IIOT technologies thereby helping in analysis of high precision sensor data for future prediction of Oil well parameters. The industrial Internet of things represents the great opportunity in recent decades for the advancement of industrial technology and machine learning. Several engineering techniques that require expertise and data that are difficult to obtain are used currently to predict well performance. In this report, focus is on how advanced machine learning algorithms can be applied on huge amount of sensor data which will greatly ease Oil well maintenance and defect predictions thereby helping the customer to get notified about the issues in the Oil well before hand. Key Words: IIOT, Prediction, Machine Learning, Unsupervised Learning 1. INTRODUCTION Oil and Gas industry is one of the prominent and necessary industries. The workflow of these industries is generally categorized in three levels: (a) Upstream, (b) Midstream and (c) Downstream.
    [Show full text]
  • Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oil Sludge with Corn Stover for Efficient Biogas
    sustainability Article Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oil Sludge with Corn Stover for Efficient Biogas Production Qian Yang 1,2, Chenxi Zhang 1,2,*, Lei Li 1 and Weijie Xu 1 1 College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China; [email protected] 2 Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fragile Ecological Belt of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou 256600, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 December 2019; Accepted: 27 February 2020; Published: 1 March 2020 Abstract: The feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion for the utilization of oil sludge was verified using corn stover, to assess the influence of different raw material ratios and inoculum volumes on the properties of the generated gas. The anaerobic co-digestion method is a novel treatment technology, which may help to solve the problem of pollution by hazardous waste oil sand from the oil exploitation and smelting process. Results showed that single-oil sludge was not suitable for gas production as a digestive substrate due to the lack of organic materials and possible hazardous materials. With the increase in the quality of exogenous organic matter (corn stover), the cumulative gas production volume was proportional to the amount of corn stover material added. It was established that when the mass ratio of corn stover to oil sludge was 4:1, the gas production performance was optimal, with a cumulative gas yield of 1222.5 mL using an inoculum volume of 30 mL. The results of this study provide a fundamental parameter baseline for the treatment of oil sludge and the improvement of gas production efficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • Simulation and Optimization of Primary Oil and Gas Processing Plant of FPSO Operating in Pre-Salt Oil Field
    ALI ALLAHYARZADEH BIDGOLI Simulation and Optimization of Primary Oil and Gas Processing Plant of FPSO Operating in Pre-Salt Oil Field. São Paulo 2018 ALI ALLAHYARZADEH BIDGOLI Simulation and Optimization of Primary Oil and Gas Processing Plant of FPSO Operating in Pre-Salt Oil Field. Thesis presented at the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo in support of the candidature for the Degree of Doctor in Science of Mechanical Engineering. São Paulo 2018 ALI ALLAHYARZADEH BIDGOLI Simulation and Optimization of Primary Oil and Gas Processing Plant of FPSO Operating in Pre-Salt Oil Field. Thesis presented at the Polytechnic School of the University of São Paulo in support of the candidature for the Degree of Doctor in Science of Mechanical Engineering. Field of Study: Mechanical Engineering - Energy and Fluids. Supervised by: Prof. Dr. Jurandir Itizo Yanagihara São Paulo 2018 Este exemplar foi revisado e alterado em relação à versão original, sob responsabilidade única do autor e com a anuência de seu orientador. São Paulo, ....... de ...................de 2018 Assinatura do autor..................................... Assinatura do orientador..................................... Catalogação-na-publicação Allahyarzadeh Bidgoli, Ali Simulation and Optimization of Primary Oil and Gas Processing Plant of FPSO Operating in Pre-Salt Oil Field / A. Allahyarzadeh Bidgoli -- versão corr. -- São Paulo, 2018. 206 p. Tese (Doutrado) - Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica. 1.Plataforma offshore de processamento de óleo e gás 2.Análise termodinâmica 3.Análise de sensibilidade 4.Método híbrido 5. Otimização I.Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Politécnica. Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica II.t. ﻘﺪﻢ ﺮ م، ﺪر و ﻣﺎم To my wife and my parents Á minha Família ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my great loving Creator as a First and Foremost Teacher who gave me the thirst for science, the best family, the best teachers and the opportunity to write this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Annual Report
    SEHK:00883 NYSE:CEO TSX:CNU ANNUAL 2020 REPORT Annual Report 2020 CNOOC LIMITED www.cnoocltd.com COMPANY PROFILE CNOOC Limited (the “Company” or “CNOOC Limited”, together with its subsidiaries, the “Group” or “we”), incorporated in the Hong Kong Special Administration Region (“Hong Kong”) in August 1999, was listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (code: CEO) and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (code: 00883) on 27 and 28 February 2001, respectively. The Company was admitted as a constituent stock of the Hang Seng Index in July 2001. The Company was listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (code: CNU) on 18 September 2013. On 26 February 2021, NYSE announced to commence delisting proceedings of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) of the Company. On 10 March 2021, the Company requested for review of NYSE’s determination. The Group is the largest producer of offshore crude oil and natural gas in China and one of the largest independent oil and gas exploration and production companies in the world. The Group mainly engages in exploration, development, production and sale of crude oil and natural gas. The Group’s core operation areas are Bohai, the Western South China Sea, the Eastern South China Sea and the East China Sea in offshore China. The Group has oil and gas assets in Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania and Europe. As of 31 December 2020, the Group owned net proved reserves of approximately 5.37 billion BOE, and its average daily net production was 1,443,201 BOE (unless otherwise stated, all amounts of reserve and production in this annual report include reserve and production accounted for by equity method).
    [Show full text]