History Part-1

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

History Part-1 european school of administration The History and Stories behind European Integration «Where danger increases, so also do solutions» (Hölderlin) 1 Warsaw Rotterdam Hamburg Brest Henri-Chapelle (BE) 2 3 9 May 1950: The Schuman Declaration Paul van Zeeland, Joseph Bech, Joseph Meurice, Conte Carlo Sforza, Robert Schuman (F), Konrad Adenauer (BRD) Dirk Stikker, minister of Foreign Affairs (NL) Johannes van den Brink 18 April 1951 : Treaty of Paris 4 What does the ECSC flag look like? Joseph Bech (LU) Paul-Henri Spaak (BE) Jan Willem Beyen (NL) June 1955 : The Messina Conference 5 May 1956 : The Venice Conference June 1956 – March 1957 : Val-Duchesse (Brussels) 6 25 March 1957: Treaty establishing the EEC + Treaty establishing the EAEC (Euratom) Determined to lay the foundations of an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe, Resolved to ensure the economic and social progress of their countries by common action to eliminate the barriers which divide Europe, Affirming as the essential objective of their efforts the constant improvement of the living and working conditions of their peoples, Recognising that the removal of existing obstacles calls for concerted action in order to guarantee steady expansion, balanced trade and fair competition, Anxious to strengthen the unity of their economies and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing the differences existing between the various regions and the backwardness of the less favoured regions, Desiring to contribute, by means of a common commercial policy, to the progressive abolition of restrictions on international trade, Intending to confirm the solidarity which binds Europe and the overseas countries and desiring to ensure the development of their prosperity, in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Resolved by thus pooling their resources to preserve and strengthen peace and liberty, and calling upon the other peoples of Europe who share their ideal to join in their efforts (…) 7 8 June 1965 – January 1966 : the Empty Chair crisis 9 1969 – The Hague Summit Back row (left to right): Aldo Moro, Gaston Thorn, Maurice Schumann, Pierre Harmel, Joseph Luns, Walter Scheel. Front row (left to right): Mariano Rumor, Willy Brandt, Georges Pompidou, Piet de Jong, Gaston Eyskens, Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Pierre Werner 3 aspects: - Widening - Deepening including «extending cooperation into the foreign policy arena» - Completion stable financial arrangements (and making the Common Agricultural Policy sustainable) 10 1960 – EFTA: a different kind of Europe • European Free Trade Association (Stockholm Convention) • Signature : 4 January 1960 • Entry into force: 3 May 1960 • HQ: Geneva • Founding Members: Austria, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, UK, Sweden and Switzerland • 1970 : Iceland • 1986 : Finland • 1991 : Liechtenstein • Current Members: . Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland 11 12 1979 – Cassis de Dijon case «a product manufactured in accordance with the regulations and permitted in one EU member state must be permitted in other EU member states.» Does the Court make law ? 1979 – Direct elections to the European Parliament Simone Veil 13 Georgios ZOITAKIS - Stylianos PATTAKOS – Georgios PAPADOPOULOS Francisco FRANCO Juan Carlos1er d’Espagne Felipe GONZALEZ 14 Antonio de Oliveira SALAZAR Mário SOARES 15 1985 – Jacques Delors « The time for talk has now passed. The time for action has come. […] Europe stands at the crossroads. We either go ahead - with resolution and determination - or we drop back into mediocrity.» 1986 – The Single European Act Objectives: - completion of the internal market - strengthening of European political cooperation 16 Missile SS-20 Afghanistan 1979 Mikhaïl S. GORBATCHEV – Raïssa M. TILORENKO Tchernobyl April 26 1986 17 16 June 1989 : Imre NAGY funeral 27 June 1989: Alois Mock (extreme left) and Gyula Horn 19 Août 1989 Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Prime Minister of Poland Lech Wałęsa Wojciech Jaruzelski 18 9 November 1989 1993 – Treaty of Maastricht Entry into force : 1/11/1993 19 1995 : A new enlargement Austria « For the non-EC European states the Community's plans were, from the outset, not only somewhat irritating but also a challenge. A justified impression developed that failure to take part in this process might involve the danger of becoming isolated from the Community. These fears were further accentuated by the impressive calculations about the possible economic effects of the single market. » Wolfgang Schüssel 20 Sweden Olof Palme Ingvar Carlsson Finland - Suomi 21 2004 & 2007 : “The Big Bang” And now we are 28 22 2002 : The Convention 2004: Signature of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe 29 October 2004 23 2005 Treaty of Lisbon 24 25 .
Recommended publications
  • Gevallen Op Het Binnenhof
    CHARLOTTE BRAND Gevallen op het Binnenhof Afgetreden ministers en staatssecretarissen 1918-1966 Boom – Amsterdam Gevallen op het Binnenhof Afgetreden ministers en staatssecretarissen 1918-1966 Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de rector magnificus, volgens het besluit van het college van decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 8 januari 2016 om 14.30 uur precies door Charlotte Josephina Maria Brand geboren op 4 februari 1982 te Roermond Inhoud Inleiding 11 hoofdstuk 1 Ministers Geslachtofferd door de kaMer 27 Een katholiek aan het roer 27 Invulling Oorlog en Marine baart zorgen 29 ‘Daar zien ze me nooit meer terug!’: minister van Marine Naudin ten Cate (1919) 31 Na aarzeling toch bewindsman 31 De kruisers als pijnpunt 35 Een fataal parlementair debuut 36 Ten val gebracht door zijn eigen staf: minister van Marine Bijleveld (1920) 40 Een burger op Marine 40 De kruisers zorgen opnieuw voor problemen 42 ‘Draaitol’ geslachtofferd 44 Napraten over de streek van Olivier 48 Begroting uitgekleed: minister van Oorlog Alting von Geusau (1920) 50 Slecht materieel en muitende soldaten 50 Bezuinigingen en hervormingen 51 Niemand blijft ‘voor zijn pleizier Minister van Oorlog’ 54 De begroting getorpedeerd 56 Gestrand in het zicht van het Poppenleger: minister van Oorlog en Marine Pop (1921) 59 ‘Men moet het aandurven van het defensie-departement te maken een politiek departement’ 59 Een nieuwe minister met ‘militaire snorrebaard’ 63 Naar een ‘poppenleger’? 64 De nieuwe Dienstplichtwet
    [Show full text]
  • October 22, 1962 Amintore Fanfani Diaries (Excepts)
    Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified October 22, 1962 Amintore Fanfani Diaries (excepts) Citation: “Amintore Fanfani Diaries (excepts),” October 22, 1962, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Italian Senate Historical Archives [the Archivio Storico del Senato della Repubblica]. Translated by Leopoldo Nuti. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/115421 Summary: The few excerpts about Cuba are a good example of the importance of the diaries: not only do they make clear Fanfani’s sense of danger and his willingness to search for a peaceful solution of the crisis, but the bits about his exchanges with Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs Carlo Russo, with the Italian Ambassador in London Pietro Quaroni, or with the USSR Presidium member Frol Kozlov, help frame the Italian position during the crisis in a broader context. Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Leon Levy Foundation. Original Language: Italian Contents: English Translation The Amintore Fanfani Diaries 22 October Tonight at 20:45 [US Ambassador Frederick Reinhardt] delivers me a letter in which [US President] Kennedy announces that he must act with an embargo of strategic weapons against Cuba because he is threatened by missile bases. And he sends me two of the four parts of the speech which he will deliver at midnight [Rome time; 7 pm Washington time]. I reply to the ambassador wondering whether they may be falling into a trap which will have possible repercussions in Berlin and elsewhere. Nonetheless, caught by surprise, I decide to reply formally tomorrow. I immediately called [President of the Republic Antonio] Segni in Sassari and [Foreign Minister Attilio] Piccioni in Brussels recommending prudence and peace for tomorrow’s EEC [European Economic Community] meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • 30Years 1953-1983
    30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) 30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) Foreword . 3 Constitution declaration of the Christian-Democratic Group (1953 and 1958) . 4 The beginnings ............ ·~:.................................................. 9 From the Common Assembly to the European Parliament ........................... 12 The Community takes shape; consolidation within, recognition without . 15 A new impetus: consolidation, expansion, political cooperation ........................................................... 19 On the road to European Union .................................................. 23 On the threshold of direct elections and of a second enlargement .................................................... 26 The elected Parliament - Symbol of the sovereignty of the European people .......... 31 List of members of the Christian-Democratic Group ................................ 49 2 Foreword On 23 June 1953 the Christian-Democratic Political Group officially came into being within the then Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. The Christian Democrats in the original six Community countries thus expressed their conscious and firm resolve to rise above a blinkered vision of egoistically determined national interests and forge a common, supranational consciousness in the service of all our peoples. From that moment our Group, whose tMrtieth anniversary we are now celebrating together with thirty years of political
    [Show full text]
  • Memoires 1961
    Memoires 1961 Willem Oltmans bron Willem Oltmans, Memoires 1961. In den Toren, Baarn 1989 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/oltm003memo05_01/colofon.php © Stichting Willem Oltmans / dbnl 6 Voor de heer en mevrouw J. van Dijk, directeur Nieuw Baarnse School Willem Oltmans, Memoires 1961 7 Inleiding Door een technische fout ontbraken in het vorige deel (1959-1961) drie dagboekaantekeningen: 18 januari 1961 (dagboek) Penn-Sheraton Hotel, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Tot mijn onsterfelijke ergernis heb ik ongeveer 25 pagina's van mijn dagboek in de Greyhoundbus verloren. Alles is weg, ook de knipsels. Ik was in Chicago geweest en had een lezing in Omaha, Nebraska gegeven. Lunchte met leden van de ‘Ad-Sell Club’ in de Kamer van Koophandel aldaar. Had ook een televisie-interview in Omaha gegeven en een slaapwagen van de Burlington Railroad terug naar Chicago genomen. Gaf vervolgens een lezing in Evaston, Illinois en arriveerde hier met een Greyhoundbus vanuit Chicago. 19 januari 1961 Patrice Lumumba is nu in handen van Moise Tshombe in Katanga, wat me absoluut razend maakt. Zweedse UNO-troepen kwamen niet tussenbeide, toen soldaten van Tshombe de voormalige premier in elkaar sloegen. Hij werd in een jeep gesmeten, nà nog verdere mishandeling. Vier soldaten van Tshombe gingen boven op Lumumba en twee van zijn medestanders zitten. Hij is nu opgesloten in de gevangenis van Jadotville, in het hartje van het koperrijke gebied van Katanga. Ik vrees het ergste. Om 18:30 sprak ik voor de ‘Dutch Treat Club’ in Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. 20 januari 1961 Mijn broer Theo schrijft onder meer uit Kaapstad: ‘This country is completely entangled in the most hopeless human relations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Luxembourgish EU Presidency and Financial Services – July-December 2015
    The Luxembourgish EU Presidency and Financial Services – July-December 2015 The Luxembourgish EU Presidency and Financial Services 1 July – 31 December 2015 Kreab Brussels 2 avenue de Tervueren, 1040 Brussels, Belgium www.kreab.com/brussels – @KreabEU 1 The Luxembourgish EU Presidency and Financial Services – July-December 2015 Contents Political Context of the Luxembourgish Presidency 3 Priorities of the Luxembourgish Presidency 4 Key Financial Services Initiatives and Legislative Dossiers 5 Organisation of the Luxembourgish Presidency 12 Annex I – Contact Information 13 Permanent Representation of Luxembourg to the European Union 13 Economy and Finance 14 Government of Luxembourg 16 Ministry of Finance of Luxembourg 17 Bank of Luxembourg 18 Financial Regulatory Body of Luxembourg 20 Annex II – CVs of Key Luxembourgish Ministers 21 Annex III – Provisional Calendar 23 Annex IV – Key Council Meetings 25 Annex V – Country Fact Sheet 26 Annex VI – The EU Presidency 28 2 The Luxembourgish EU Presidency and Financial Services – July-December 2015 Political Context of the Luxembourgish Presidency The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg will assume its twelfth Presidency of the Council of the European Union on 1 July 2015. Luxembourg is one of the smallest countries in the EU, but it is also the wealthiest per capita. Following Italy and Latvia, Luxembourg is the third in this Presidency Trio, and will be the second full Presidency to work with the new Commission headed by compatriot and former Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker. Luxembourg is the seat of several major institutions such as the European Court of Justice, the European Investment Bank, and the Court of Auditors. Attitude toward the EU Luxembourg is one of the six founding members of the European Union and has historically played a key role in its formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Europe
    Central Europe Federal Republic of Germany Domestic Affairs s JULY 1, 1979 Karl Carstens of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) took office as the new president of the Federal Republic. He had been elected by the federal parliament to succeed Walter Scheel. Also in July CDU and the Christian Social Union (CSU), the opposition parties in the federal lower house, chose Franz Josef Strauss as their candidate for chancellor in the 1980 elections. In the state parliament elections in Berlin and Rhineland-Palatinate on March 18, the governing parties retained their majorities; the results in Berlin were CDU, 44 per cent; Social Democratic party (SDP), 43 per cent; and the Free Democratic party (FDP), 8 per cent; the results in Rhineland-Palatinate were CDU, 50 per cent; SPD, 42 per cent; FDP, 6 per cent; and the National Democratic party (NPD), .7 per cent. In the parliamentary election in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, on April 29, CDU maintained its absolute majority against SPD and FDP; the results were CDU, 48 per cent; SPD, 42 per cent; FDP, 6 per cent; and NPD, .2 per cent. In the election for the city-state parliament in Bremen, on October 7, SPD retained its absolute majority, while CDU and FDP lost a number of seats. The election for the first European parliament, in June, produced the following outcome in the Federal Republic: SPD, 40 per cent; CDU, 39 per cent; CSU, 10 per cent; FDP, 6 per cent; and the German Communist party (DK.P), .4 per cent. The voter turnout was 66 per cent.
    [Show full text]
  • German Jews in the United States: a Guide to Archival Collections
    GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE,WASHINGTON,DC REFERENCE GUIDE 24 GERMAN JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES: AGUIDE TO ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS Contents INTRODUCTION &ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 ABOUT THE EDITOR 6 ARCHIVAL COLLECTIONS (arranged alphabetically by state and then city) ALABAMA Montgomery 1. Alabama Department of Archives and History ................................ 7 ARIZONA Phoenix 2. Arizona Jewish Historical Society ........................................................ 8 ARKANSAS Little Rock 3. Arkansas History Commission and State Archives .......................... 9 CALIFORNIA Berkeley 4. University of California, Berkeley: Bancroft Library, Archives .................................................................................................. 10 5. Judah L. Mages Museum: Western Jewish History Center ........... 14 Beverly Hills 6. Acad. of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences: Margaret Herrick Library, Special Coll. ............................................................................ 16 Davis 7. University of California at Davis: Shields Library, Special Collections and Archives ..................................................................... 16 Long Beach 8. California State Library, Long Beach: Special Collections ............. 17 Los Angeles 9. John F. Kennedy Memorial Library: Special Collections ...............18 10. UCLA Film and Television Archive .................................................. 18 11. USC: Doheny Memorial Library, Lion Feuchtwanger Archive ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Joop Den Uyl Special in Argus.Pdf
    Kok Joop steekt banaan in de fik Pagina 32 Jaargang 1, nummer 20 12 december 2017 Verschijnt tweewekelijks Losse nummers € 3, – Joop den Uyl, staatsman Dertig jaar na zijn dood komt Joop den Uyl tot leven in een speciale uitneembare bijlage. Socialist die de utopie niet kon missen. De constante in zijn politieke denken. Maar ook: de grootvader, de wanhopige, de ontroerende, de rechtlijnige, de lompe, de onbevangen figuur. Minister Bram Stemerdink over Joops afschuwelijkste momenten. Fotografen kiezen hun meest l e z veelzeggende plaat. t n e De gesneefde biograaf doet een boekje m t open. En nog veel meer. n e c n i v De volgende Argus verschijnt op 9 januari. o t o Vandaar dit extra dikke nummer. f 2017, alvast een terugblik: Rutte misleidt met belasting- voordeel. Leeuwarden koketteert met met beroemdheden die hun heil elders zochten. Oudere werknemers vertrouwen de zaak niet meer. Pagina 2-4 Belastingdeal Verkeerde onderzoekers vonden niks. Pagina 5 Zimbabwe: Wat Sally deed, liet Grace na. Pagina 6 Cyaankali Toneelstukje Praljak houdt conflict levend. Pagina 7 Philipp Blom Gaan! Alarm waar geen speld De niet te missen film. De tussen te krijgen is. overtuigende expo. Het Pagina 28 meest kersterige concert. Het verrassende boek. Word abonnee: Voortaan: Argus-tips. www.argusvrienden.nl Pagina 29 2017 12 december 2017 / 2 12 december 2017 / 3 Zes vaste medewerkers van Argus’ De dode mus van Rutte III binnenlandpagina’s kregen de Think global, vraag: Wat vind jij het meest door FLIP DE KAM hele begrotingsoverschot uit het act local basispad te ‘verjubelen’. opmerkelijke van 2017? et is domweg onmogelijk op het basispad stijgen de col - door NICO HAASBROEK donut - één gebeurtenis te noemen lectieve lasten in de komende kabi - model for - Hdie economie en over - netsperiode met vijf miljard euro.
    [Show full text]
  • Tien Jaar Premier Mark Rutte
    Rapport TIEN JAAR PREMIER MARK RUTTE In opdracht van Trouw 8 oktober 2020 www.ioresearch.nl Colofon Uitgave I&O Research Piet Heinkade 55 1019 GM Amsterdam Rapportnummer 2020/173 Datum oktober 2020 Auteurs Peter Kanne Milan Driessen Het overnemen uit deze publicatie is toegestaan, mits I&O Research en Trouw als bron duidelijk worden vermeld. Coronabeleid: Tien jaar premier Mark Rutte 2 van 38 Inhoudsopgave Belangrijkste uitkomsten _____________________________________________________________________ 5 1 Zetelpeiling en stemmotieven _______________________________________________________ 8 1.1 Zetelpeiling _____________________________________ 8 1.2 Stemmotieven algemeen ______________________________ 9 1.3 Stemmotieven VVD-kiezers: Rutte wérd de stemmentrekker _________ 10 1.4 Stemmen op Rutte? _________________________________ 11 1.5 Redenen om wel of niet op Mark Rutte te stemmen _______________ 12 2 Bekendheid en waardering politici __________________________________________________ 13 2.1 Bekendheid politici _________________________________ 13 2.2 Waardering politici _________________________________ 14 3 De afgelopen 10 jaar ________________________________________________________________ 15 3.1 Nederlandse burger beter af na 10 jaar Rutte? __________________ 15 3.2 Polarisatie toegenomen; solidariteit afgenomen ________________ 15 4 Premier Mark Rutte _________________________________________________________________ 17 4.1 Zes op tien vinden dat Rutte het goed heeft gedaan als premier ________ 17 4.2 Ruttes “grootste verdienste”:
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Italian Decision of Joining The
    The Italian decision of joining the EMS: Exchange rate commitment as a political argument in favour of institutional reforms* Anna Solé University Pompeu Fabra May, 7th, 2018 Abstract: During the negotiations about the European Monetary System (EMS), the Italian government consistently held the position that Italy was not going to join a “re-edited Snake”. However, when it became clear that the EMS would work under the hegemony of the German mark, just as the previous system did, the Italian government surprisingly changed position and decided to adhere to the new monetary arrangement, although this decision imposed unpopular reforms and threatened with provoking a government crisis. The debate on the convenience for Italy of participating in the EMS shows that besides the discussion on the new monetary system, other important discussions, concerning institutional reforms, were also taking place. In many occasions, EMS membership was used to justify the need for other institutional reforms that did not enjoy enough political support to be implemented. In particular, the reform of the wage indexation mechanism and the change in the status of the Banca d’Italia are examples of how the exchange rate commitment and the European compromises were used to impose measures that were very unpopular and, otherwise, would have been very difficult to carry out. Introduction: On the 5th of December 1978, the agreement of the European Monetary System (EMS) was signed by six of the nine members of the EEC. The United Kingdom decided to stay out, whereas Italy and Ireland were given some additional time to take their final decision.
    [Show full text]
  • Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg
    Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg Personal Dual Citizenship: Greece, U.S. Research and Teaching Interests International Trade, Development, Industrial Organization, Applied Microeconomics. Current Positions Chief Economist of the World Bank Group (Nov. 2018 – present). Elihu Professor of Economics, Yale University, 2017-present (on public service leave). Past Positions William K. Lanman, Jr. Professor of Economics, Yale University, 2010- 2017. Editor-in-Chief, American Economic Review, 2011- 2016. Professor of Economics, Princeton University, 2007- 2010. Co-Editor, American Economic Review, 2007-2010 and 2017. Professor of Economics, Yale University, 2001-2007. Visiting Scholar, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2006-07. Professor of Economics, Columbia University, 1999-2001. Assistant Professor of Economics, Princeton University, 1992-99. Summer Intern, Research Department of the IMF, 6/89-9/89. Professional Affiliations • American Economic Association Elected Vice-President, 2018-19. • Econometric Society, elected Fellow in 2004. Elected First Vice President in 2019 (to serve as President in 2021). Elected Member of the Executive Committee, 2017-2021. Elected Member of the Council, 2016-19. • Eastern Economic Association President, 2018-19. • National Bureau of Economic Research: Faculty Research Associate, 2001- present (currently on leave). Faculty Research Fellow, 1995-2001. • Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development (BREAD): Member of the Board, 2010-present. Senior Fellow, 2005 - 2010. • International Growth Centre (IGC), London School of Economics, Research Affiliate, 2016- present. • Member of the Federal Economic Statistics Advisory Committee (FESAC), 2006-2012. Education Stanford University, Department of Economics, Ph.D., 1992 University of Freiburg, Germany, Diplom in Economics, 1986. Honors and Awards • National Academy of Sciences, elected in 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • Condecorados: Orden El Sol Del Peru
    CONDECORADOS: ORDEN EL SOL DEL PERU Nº Orden Nombre Nacionalidad Residencia Profesión Grado Nº Grado Fecha Resolución 6057 ANULADO 5914 ANULADO 5908 OSCAR DE LA PUENTE RAYGADA PERUANO PERU MINISTRO DE RELACIONES EXTERIORES Gran Cruz 1765 ANULADA 5903 ANULADO 5902 ANULADO 5890 MA. RUTH DE GOYACHEA ARGENTINA ARGENTINA EX-PRIMERA SECRETARIA EMBAJADA DE ARGENTINA Oficial 1149 5856 JOHANNES VON VACANO ALEMAN ALEMANA EMBAJADOR DE ALEMANIA Gran Cruz 1739 5830 QIAN QIEHEN CHINO CHINA CANCILLER Gran Cruz 1726 5811 MANUEL GRANIZO ECUATORIANO ECUADOR EX-EMBAJADOR DE ECUADOR Gran Oficial 1617 5806 JUAN JOSE FERNANDEZ CHILENO CHILE EX- EMBAJADOR DE CHILE EN PERU Gran Cruz 1708 5805 BARTOLOME MITRE ARGENTINO ARGENTINA DIRECTOR DIARIO LA NACION Gran Oficial 1616 5804 FELIX LUNA ARGENTINO ARGENTINA HISTORIADOR Gran Oficial 1615 5803 OSCAR ALENDE PRESIDENTE DEL PARTIDO INTRANSIGENTEARGENTINO ARGENTINA Gran Oficial 1614 5802 GMO. ESTEVEZ BUERO ARGENTINO ARGENTINA PRESIDENTE DEL PARTIDO SOCIALISTA Gran Oficial 1613 5801 JORGE RAYGADA PERUANO EMBAJADOR DEL PERU EN MEXICO Gran Cruz 1707 5800 ROBERTO LINARES SALVADOREÑO EL SALVADOR EX- EMBAJADOR DE EL SALVADOR Gran Cruz 1706 R.S. 0128 5796 UDO EHRLIECH-ADAM AUSTRIACO AUSTRIA EX-EMBAJADOR Gran Cruz 1705 5794 OSKAR SAIER ALEMAN ALEMANIA ARZOBISPO DE FRIBURGO Gran Cruz 1703 5792 MANUEL ROMERO CEVALLOS ECUATORIANO ECUADOR EX-EMBAJADOR DE ECUADOR Gran Oficial 1612 5791 FELIPE TREDINNIEK ABASTO BOLIVIANO BOLIVIA EX-EMBAJADOR DE BOLIVIA Gran Oficial 1611 5790 MERLE SIMMONS PROFESOR DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE INDIANA Gran
    [Show full text]