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Misprint by the Author in the Program-Proposal: It Should Read Bestäubungsbiologie

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Misprint by the Author in the Program-Proposal: It Should Read Bestäubungsbiologie Misprint by the author in the Program-Proposal: It should read Bestäubungsbiologie Der ursprüngliche Vortrag in der Senioren-Universität in der Aula der Universität Bern, ergänzt mit zusätzlichen Informationen Zur Einführung Vier Beispiele aus der Wunderwelt des Lebens, neueste Forschungs-Resultate For the introduction: tree examples from the miracle world of life, latest research results WIE WIRD EXTERNE DNA EINGEWOBEN IN DIE CHROMOSOMEN? Nasmyth, K. (2017) How are DNAs woven into chromosomes? Science 358 6363 589-590 pp http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/358/6363/589.full.pdf AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Genomics/Nasmyth-How-are-DNAs-wowen-into-chromosomes-2017.pdf Propaganda-Märchen: Die Prozesse der Gentechnologie (der Transgenese) und der natürlichen Mutationen seien grundverschieden: NEIN, SIE SIND IDENTISCH, ABER DAS RESULTAT KANN NEU SEIN Propaganda-Hoax: Processes of Gentech (Transgenese) and natural Mutation supposed to be basically different: NO, THEY ARE IDENTICAL, BUT THE RESULT MAY BE NEW Bereits for vielen Jahren von Nobelpreis-Träger Prof. Werner Arber von Basel publiziert und neulich wieder bestätigt im Schlussbericht des Nationalen Forschungsprogrammes NFP59: Arber, W. (2012) Gentechnik: Ursprung, Konzept, Risikoevaluation und Zukunftspotenzial Ed. Leitungsgruppe des Nationalen Forschungsprogrammes NFP 59 Nutzen und Risiken der Freisetzung gentechnisch veränderter Pflanzen Zurich und Bern 118-121, total 308 pp pp http://www.vdf.ethz.ch/service/3483/3484_Nutzen-und-Risiken-der-Freisetzung-gentechnisch-veraenderter-Pflanzen_OA.pdf AND Arber http://www.ask- force.org/web/NFP-59/Arber-Gentechnik-Ursprung-Konzept-NFP-59-Synthese-2012.pdf Report http://www.ask-force.org/web/NFP-59/NFP-59-Synthese-Nutzen-Risiken-Freisetzung-GVOs-2012.pdf Ammann Klaus (2014) Genomic Misconception: a fresh look at the biosafety of transgenic and conventional crops. A plea for a process agnostic regulation New Biotechnology 31 1 1-17 pp ISBN/1871-6784 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2013.04.008 AND open source: AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/NewBiotech/Ammann-Genomic-Misconception-printed-2014.pdf AND separate bibliography-fulltext http://www.ask-force.org/web/Genomic-Misconception/Ammann-Bibliography-fulltext-GENOMIC-MISCONCEPTION-2014.pdf Neuigkeiten/News Gene Editing kann so präzise sein, dass keine Fremd-Gene mehr in den neuen Zuchtpflanzen sind, nur noch die wenigen Moleküle, die neue Eigenschaften bewirken. Gene Editing can be so precise, that there are no foreign Genes in the new breeds, you find only the few molecules, which Make new crop. Zwei einführende Dokumente: http://www.spektrum.de/thema/crispr-cas9/1408852 https://www.ted.com/talks/jennifer_doudna_we_can_now_edit_our_dna_but_let_s_do_it_wisely Natürliche Gentech? Süsskartoffel als bekanntes Beispiel: seit ca. 8000 Jahren! Natural GMO? Sweet Potato Genetically Modified 8,000 Years Ago Tyna Kynth Gent University Belgium Main author Of PNAS paper http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/05/05/404198552 natural-gmo-sweet-potato-genetically-modified-8-000-years-ago Kyndt, T., Quispe, D., Zhai, H., Jarret, R., Ghislain, M., Liu, Q., Gheysen, G., & Kreuze, J. F. (2015). The genome of cultivated sweet potato contains Agrobacterium T-DNAs with expressed genes: An example of a naturally transgenic food crop. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, http://www.ask-force.org/web/Genomics/Kynth-Genome-Cultivated-Sweet-Potato-Naturally-Transgenic-2015.pdf For those who cannot get enough science, watch http://www.scoop.it/t/articles-published-by-cip-staff/?tag=Sweet+potatoes See also the extensive documentation of Natural Transgenes of David Tribe https://gmoschool.com/2016/04/25/natural-gmos-here-there-and-everywhere/ Die Seeschnecke (Nudibranchier) hat einen neuen Trick auf Lager: (Kleptopredation): Sie wählt als Extra-Mahl nur sessile Polypen (Eudendrium racemosum) aus, die neulich Plankton gefressen hatten. This nudibranch sea slug Cratena peregrina has a trick (Kleptopredation) for getting an extra treat by selecting as prey only sessil hydrants Eudendrium racemosum having recently fed plankton prey. cc_DSC_1983ph_Gabriella-Luongo_16x9[1].jpg Willis, T. J., Berglöf, K. T. L., McGill, R. A. R., Musco, L., Piraino, S., Rumsey, C. M., Fernández, T. V. and Badalamenti, F. (2017) Kleptopredation: a mechanism to facilitate planktivory in a benthic mollusc Biology Letters 13 11 4 pp 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0447 AND http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/roybiolett/13/11/20170447.full.pdf AND http://www.ask-force.org/web/Feed/Wills-Kleptopredation-mechanism-to-facilitate- planktovor-benthic-mollusk-2017.pdf AND comments in PhysOrg: https://phys.org/news/2017-11-marine-scientists-kleptopredationa-prey.html AND http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/10/sea-slug-has-trick-getting-extra-treat Arbeits-Zimmer von Charles Darwin In Downe Working Place of Darwin in Downe Village http://www.focus.de/wissen/wissens chaft/wissenschaft-darwin-genoss- ein-suesses- studentenleben_aid_383172.html invitation to browse in the website of the Friends of Charles Darwin http://darwin.gruts.com/weblog/archive/2008/02/ Darwin as a human being and as a scientist See the Website of Charles Darwin, with biography, bibliography and lots of other details from his life. See Darwin online: http://darwin-online.org.uk/ Darwin, C. (1862), On the various contrivances by which orchids are fertilized by insects and on the good effects of intercrossing The Complete Work of Charles Darwin online, Scanned, OCRed and corrected by John van Wyhe 2003; further corrections 8.2006. RN4 edn. Murray, IS: pp. 366, http://darwin- online.org.uk/content/frame set?viewtype=side&itemID =F800&pageseq=1 Bestäubungs-Ökologie Pollination Ecology http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination_syndrome AND http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/pages/pollination.htm Fenster, C.B., Armbruster, W.S., Wilson, P., Dudash, M.R., & Thomson, J.D. (2004) Pollination syndromes and floral specialization. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 35, pp 375-403 http://www.ask-force.org/web/Pollination/Fenster-Pollination-Syndromes-2004.pdf INCENTIVES FOR VISITING FLOWERS Plants can not move from one location to another, thus many flowers have evolved to attract animals to transfer pollen between individuals in dispersed populations. Flowers that are insect-pollinated are called entomophilous; literally "insect-loving" in Latin. They can be highly modified along with the pollinating insects by co-evolution. Flowers commonly have glands called nectaries on various parts that attract animals looking for nutritious nectar. Birds and bees have color vision, enabling them to seek out "colorful" flowers. Some flowers have patterns, called nectar guides, that show pollinators where to look for nectar; they may be visible only under ultraviolet light, which is visible to bees and some other insects. Flowers also attract pollinators by scent and some of those scents are pleasant to our sense of smell. Not all flower scents are appealing to humans, a number of flowers are pollinated by insects that are attracted to rotten flesh and have flowers that smell like dead animals, often called Carrion flowers including Rafflesia, the titan arum, and the North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba). Flowers pollinated by night visitors, including bats and moths, are likely to concentrate on scent to attract pollinators and most such flowers are white. Still other flowers use mimicry to attract pollinators. Some species of orchids, for example, produce flowers resembling female bees in color, shape, and scent. Male bees move from one such flower to another in search of a mate. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower#Attraction_methods Anreiz für Insektenbesuch: Quellen: Nektar, Pollen, Pseudokopulation 1. Pollenanbieter Blüten für Pollenfresser Flowers for Pollen Eaters Papaver rhaeticum, Räthischer Mohn, yellow alpine poppy, Papaveraceae offene Anbietung der Pollen. Berninapass, Photo K.Ammann Papaver rhaeticum Cistus ladaniferus, Zistrose, Nektar- und Pollenquellen Provence, Photo K. Ammann Cistus ladaniferus 2. Nektarien-Anbieter Presentation of nectaries Ranunculus bulbosus knolliger Hahnenfuss Ranunculaceae Photo K. Ammann, Bern Umgebung Die gelbe «Krone» besteht aus den Nektarien, die eigentliche Krone ist grün yellow Corolla actually flower-shaped Nectaries, green perianth, the actual flower * Ranunculus bulbosus Ranunculus bulbosus, Nektarien geformt als Kronblätter nektaries flower shaped, Ranunculaceae * Ranunculus bulbosus, Nektarien Normales Spektrum menschliches Auge ultraviolettes Spektrum Wie die Insekten das sehen Ranunculus repens, Kriechender Hahnenfuss Ranunculus repens, Nektarmal in UV Perfekter Betrug mit Pseudo- Nektarien [email protected] England, Midwest Yorks, 2007 Parnassia palustris, Sumpf-Herzblatt, Saxifragaceae Attraktive Pseudo-Drüsen anstelle von Nektar Attractive pseudo-glands offered, no nectar Hedera helix, Efeu, Araliaceae Nektarsuche Hedera Efeu Hedera helix Nektar in offenen Flächen präsentiert Hedera helix, Ivy Nectar presented in open disk * Allgemeines Thalictrum aquilegiifolium Akelei-blättrige Wiesenraute gefärbte Staubfäden als Anlockung von Blütenbesuchern coloured anther filaments as Photo K. Ammann, attraction for flower visitors Biel, Heidenweg Verbascum nigrum Schwarze Königskerze Lockt mit farbiger Staubfaden- Behaarung (Futterhaare) Blütenbesucher an Attracts flower visitors with colourful hairs of anther filaments presented for feed Photo K. Ammann Verbascum nigrum Futterhaare Nektarien
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