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Arrangement for Cooling a Turbo Generator and a Method Therefore

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Arrangement for Cooling a Turbo Generator and a Method Therefore (19) TZZ ¥_T (11) EP 2 747 253 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 25.06.2014 Bulletin 2014/26 H02K 9/12 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 12199000.6 (22) Date of filing: 21.12.2012 (84) Designated Contracting States: (71) Applicant: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB 80333 München (DE) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR (72) Inventor: The designation of the inventor has not Designated Extension States: yet been filed BA ME (54) Arrangement for cooling a turbo generator and a method therefore (57) An arrangement for cooling a turbo generator generator (10), and a refrigeration unit (40) connected to (10) is presented. The arrangement includes a cooler the cooler (20) for providing a refrigerant for cooling the (20) for cooling a primary coolant (22), wherein the pri- primary coolant (22). mary coolant (22) cools one or more components of the EP 2 747 253 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) 1 EP 2 747 253 A1 2 Description [0011] In another embodiment, the refrigerant is R- 717. R-717 can be liquefied easily by compression or [0001] The present invention relates to a turbo gener- cooling and when returned to its gaseous state, it absorbs ator and more particularly to an arrangement for cooling large amounts of heat from its surroundings, thereby re- a turbo generator. 5 ducing the temperature of the primary coolant. [0002] Power generation plants produce electricity by [0012] In one embodiment, the cooler includes an convertingenergy (e.g. fossil fuel, nuclearfusion, hydrau- opening for directing the primary coolant into the turbo lic head and geothermal heat) into mechanical energy generator. The primary coolant stored in the cooler is (e.g. rotation of a turbine shaft), and then converting the directedto thecomponents ofthe generatorfor absorbing mechanical energy into electrical energy (e.g. by the prin- 10 heat. ciples of electromagnetic induction). Some of these pow- [0013] In one embodiment, the primary coolant is hy- er generation plants, such as a fossil fuel power gener- drogen. Hydrogen has a high thermal conductivity as ation plant, comprise a turbine, a generator and an ex- compared to other gases, high specific heat capacity, citer. The turbine, generator and exciter are typically cou- low density and low viscosity. Hydrogen is advanta- pled to each other in axial alignment, with the generator 15 geously used in rotary machines which have windage located between the turbine and the exciter. losses. [0003] The turbo generator includes a shaft that is ro- [0014] According to another aspect of the invention, a tatably supported in housing and connects the turbine method for cooling a turbo generator is presented. The and the exciter. The turbine expands a pressurized air method includes directing a primary coolant into the turbo which enables it to achieve a low temperature to provide 20 generator for cooling one or more components, and pro- cooling. Shaft of the turbine is rotated by the compressed viding a refrigerant to cool the primary coolant from a air which in turns drives the exciter. Rotation of the gen- refrigeration unit, wherein the refrigeration unit is con- erator rotor generates a magnetic field in windings of a nected to a cooler having the primary coolant. Use of stator thereby producing electrical power. refrigerant enables lowering of primary coolant temper- [0004] During operation, components of the turbo gen- 25 ature to about 20 degree centigrade providing efficient erator are heated up and are cooled using air as in case cooling of the generator components. of air cooled turbo generator or using hydrogen as a cool- [0015] In one embodiment, the primary coolant after ant as in hydrogen-cooled turbo generators. extracting heat from the one or more components of the [0005] In hydrogen-cooled turbo generators, hydrogen turbo generator is directed into the cooler through a sec- is passed through a cooler and supplied to the various 30 ond opening. Such an arrangement enables a closed components in a closed loop. The hydrogen which pass- loop which enables reuse of the primary coolant in the es the cooler is cooled using water stored in cooling tow- generator, wherein the primary coolant is directed from ers or from a reservoir. the cooler through an opening in the generator and from [0006] However, water is unable to cool the hydrogen thegenerator into the cooler throughthe secondopening. to a temperature less than the ambient temperature. 35 [0016] The above-mentioned and other features of the [0007] It is therefore an object of the present invention invention will now be addressed with reference to the to provide a cooling arrangement for the turbo generator accompanying drawings of the present invention. The which will enable enhanced cooling. illustrated embodiments are inte nded to illustrate, but not [0008] The object is achieved by providing an arrange- limit the invention. The drawings contain the following ment for cooling a turbo generator according to claim 1 40 figures, in which like numbers refer to like parts, through- and a method for cooling the turbo generator according out the description and drawings. to claim 6. [0009] According to the invention, an arrangement for FIG 1 is a cutaway side elevation view of a generator; cooling a turbo generator is provided. The arrangement includes a cooler for cooling a primary coolant, wherein 45 FIG 2 is a schematic diagram depicting an exemplary the primary coolant cools one or more components of cooling arrangement for the generator; the generator, and a refrigeration unit connected to the cooler for providing a refrigerant for cooling the primary FIG 3 is a flow diagram depicting an exemplary meth- coolant. By using a refrigerant the primary coolant is od for cooling the turbo generator, in accord- cooled to a lower temperature thereby aiding in further 50 ance with aspects of the present technique. cooling of the components of the turbo generator thereby increasing the efficiency. Embodiments of the present invention relate to an elec- [0010] In one embodiment, the refrigerant is R134a. trical machine, such as a turbo generator. More particu- R134a is a high temperature refrigerant, capable of re- larly, the embodiments of the present invention relate to ducing the temperature of primary coolant to about 20 55 an arrangement for cooling the turbo generator, such as degree Celsius. Additionally, R134a is environment a hydrogen-cooled turbo generator. friendly with less ozone depletion potential as compared [0017] FIG 1 is a diagram depicting a cutaway side to other refrigerants. elevation view of a generator 10, which is coupled in axial 2 3 EP 2 747 253 A1 4 alignment between a turbine (not shown) and an exciter coolant, such as hydrogen through an opening in the tur- (not shown). The exciter provides an electrical current to bo generator for cooling one or more components, as at the generator rotor 12. The current is typically a direct step 52. The components include the rotor shaft, the sta- current. tor, the coils and so forth. [0018] The generator 10 includes a stator 14 and a 5 [0030] During operation, the components of the gen- rotor body 12 supported concentrically about an axis of erator get heated, in order to maximize the efficiency rotation 16. The rotor 12 includes excitation windings ar- these componentsare required to be cooled. The primary ranged in slots on the inside or the outside. The generator coolant when passed over the components cools the 10 includes a cooling supply or a cooler 20 for cooling components thereby increasing the life of the generator one or more components of the generator 10. 10 components and increasing the efficiency. [0019] The cooling is achieved by a coolant 22, which [0031] At step 54, the coolant, which is hot, is directed is hydrogen in the present configuration. The coolant 22 back into the cooler through a second opening 28 in the is circulated inside the generator 10 through a plurality cooler. of passages 24 therein. [0032] A secondary coolant, which is a refrigerant, [0020] The coolant 22, which is a primary coolant, is 15 such as R134a in the present invention, is provided by a passed through the cooler 20 after being supplied to one refrigeration unit connected to the cooler for cooling the or more components of the generator 10. The cooler 20 primary coolant, as at step 56. directs the coolant 22 into the generator 10 through an [0033] The refrigerant is supplied through a duct and opening in the generator 10. The coolant 22 flows through enters the cooler through an inlet 30, wherein it is circu- the passages 24 in the generator 10 and is circulated 20 lated in a plurality of tubes 21 thereby cooling the tubes back into the cooler 20 through a second opening 28. 21, as at step 58. The primary coolant on coming into [0021] The primary coolant 22 absorbs heat from the contact with the tubes 21 is cooled to a temperature of one or more components of the generator 10 and thus about 20 degree centigrade. in turn gets heated up. Hence, to cool the primary coolant [0034] At step 60, the refrigerant is directed back into 22 the cooler 20 includes an inlet 30 for allowing a sec- 25 the refrigeration unit through an outlet in the cooler. ondary coolant to enter the cooler 20 and cool the primary [0035] The invention as described hereinabove has coolant 22. several advantages, such as lowering the temperature [0022] The cooler 20 includes a plurality of tubes 21 in of the primary coolant or hydrogen to about 20 degree which the secondary coolant is circulated.
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