The Olympic Winter Games Update - March 2016
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FACTSHEET THE OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES UPDATE - MARCH 2016 1924 CHAMONIX, France Since the Netherlands, which were hosting the Amsterdam Games, were unable to organise Dates: 25 January to 5 February the Winter Games, Switzerland proposed three Participation: 16 National Olympic Committees candidatures and the Games were awarded to (NOCs), 258 athletes (11 women, 247 men), 16 Saint Moritz. The Games were limited to eight events, 6 sports days, including two Sundays, and some events Olympic oath (athletes): Camille Mandrillon were disrupted by bad weather. For the first (military patrol) time, an Asian delegation (from Japan) Olympic oath (officials): no oath participated in the Winter Games. Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: no ceremony Official opening by: Gaston Vidal (Under Secretary of State) 1932 LAKE PLACID, United Emblem: no emblem States Mascots: no mascot Dates: 4 to 15 February Olympic venues: municipality of Chamonix, Participation: 17 NOCs, 252 athletes (21 with cross-country skiing in the valley. women, 231 men) 14 events, 4 sports Olympic oath (athletes): John Aimes Shea This "International Winter Sports Week" was (speed skating) retroactively named the first Olympic Winter Olympic oath (officials): no oath Games at the 24th IOC Session held in Lisbon Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: no in 1926. The decision to create a separate cycle ceremony for the Winter Games was taken at the 1925 Official opening by: Franklin D. Roosevelt Session in Prague. Charles Jewtraw (USA) was Emblem: no emblem the first Olympic champion in the history of the Mascots: no mascot Winter Games. Olympic venues: ice events in Lake Placid and others on Mt. Van Hoevenberg (Nordic and sled disciplines). These were the first Winter Games to be held in 1928 SAINT MORITZ, North America. Lake Placid, a small town in the Switzerland north-eastern United States, organised this third Dates: 11 to 19 February edition despite the economic depression. Participation: 25 NOCs, 464 athletes (26 Formal ceremonies were held for the first time, women, 438 men), 14 events, 4 sports with medals presented to athletes on a podium Olympic oath (athletes): Hans Eidenbenz after the events. These Games were also (Nordic combined) notable for some inclement weather and Olympic oath (officials): no oath disagreements between Americans and Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: no Europeans concerning the rules of speed ceremony skating. A female athlete carried her Official opening by: President Edmund delegation's flag – that of Great Britain – at the Shulthess opening ceremony. Emblem: no emblem Mascots: no mascot Olympic venues: the municipality, with cross country skiing around the lake and some of the skeleton and bobsleigh tracks in the municipality of Celerina. Page 1/11 1936 GARMISCH- Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: no ceremony PARTENKIRCHEN, Germany Official opening by: President Enrico Celio Dates: 6 to 16 February Emblem: rectangle with a sun (logo of the Participation: 28 NOCs, 646 athletes (80 municipality) whose rays shine onto the Olympic women, 566 men), 17 events, 4 sports rings and the words "V Jeux Olympiques d’hiver Olympic oath (athletes): Wilhelm Bogner Saint Moritz 1948". (Nordic skiing and combined) Mascots: no mascot Olympic oath (officials): no oath Olympic venues: the municipality, with cross Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: no country skiing around the lake and some of the ceremony skeleton and bobsleigh tracks in the municipality Official opening by: Chancellor Adolf Hitler of Celerina. Emblem: A circle containing the Olympic rings, beneath the Zugspitze mountain, with a ski track After a 12-year break caused by the Second leading up to it. Around, there is the inscription World War, these V Games were called the "IV. Olympische Winterspiele 1936, Garmisch- "Games of Renewal". Neither Japan nor Partenkirchen". Germany were invited to Switzerland, the Mascots: no mascot memories of the war being too fresh. By hosting Olympic venues: in the town, around the this fifth edition, the resort in Haute Engadine Riessersee lake, with cross-country skiing in the became the first city to organise the Winter forest towards Mittenwald. Games twice. As in 1928, the accommodation The resort of Garmisch-Partenkirchen was was spread between the two parts of the village: formed by the amalgamation one year before Saint Moritz Dorf and Saint Moritz Bad. the Games of two towns situated either side of the River Partnach. For the first time, an Olympic flame burned in 1952 OSLO, Norway the city during the Games, although it was not lit Dates: 14 to 25 February by an athlete. This edition saw the introduction Participation: 30 NOCs, 694 athletes (109 of Alpine skiing to the programme, as well as women, 585 men), 22 events, 4 sports radio reporters who covered the events from the Olympic oath (athletes): Torbjorn Falkanger sidelines. This edition of the Winter Games was (ski jumping) the first to have its own official film. Olympic oath (officials): no oath The 1940 and 1944 Olympic Winter Games did Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: Eigil not take place because of the Second World Nansen War. Official opening by: HRH Princess Ragnhild Emblem: A circle containing the Olympic rings and the silhouette of Oslo's new town hall. On 1948 SAINT MORITZ, the outside border, the inscription: "De VI. Switzerland Olympiske Vinterleker Oslo 1952". no mascot Dates: 30 January to 8 February Mascots: In the city of Oslo and to the Participation: 28 NOCs (nations), 669 athletes Olympic venues: (77 women, 592 men), 22 events, 4 sports north, around the Holmenkollen hill (Oslo is one Olympic oath (athletes): Riccardo Torriani (ice of the largest capitals in terms of surface area). hockey) Olympic oath (officials): no oath The first edition of the Winter Games to be hosted in Scandinavia, birthplace of numerous The Olympic Winter Games / 8 March 2016 Page 2/11 winter disciplines, broke new ground in many opening and closing ceremonies of the Games. ways. In particular, the Olympic flame lighting The Pista Olimpica del bob finishes around ceremony, which took place in the hearth of the 100m from the ice rink, but on the opposite home of Sondre Norheim, a pioneer of modern slope (in the shade). The Olimpia Run, the skiing. The final torch bearer was the grandson Canalone and the Col Druscié, three of the four of Nansen, the famous polar explorer. This Alpine skiing pistes, are still on the same slope, edition was the first Winter Games to be held in beneath the Tofane massif. The men's giant a capital and on the coast. It was also the first slalom piste (la Ilio Coli) is opposite, on the time the Olympic Games had been opened by a Sorapis massif above Cortina. The final sports woman. venue is the Misurina lake 13km away, in the municipality of Auronzo. This lake is at an altitude of 1752m and freezes over in winter, 1956 CORTINA d’AMPEZZO, which means that speed skating can be held at the foot of the Tre Cime di Lavaredo, famous Italy Dolomite peaks. Dates: 26 January to 5 February Participation: 32 NOCs, 821 athletes (134 Four years before hosting the Summer Games women, 687 men), 24 events, 4 sports in Rome, Italy staged the Winter Games in Olympic oath (athletes): Giuliana Chenal- Cortina d’Ampezzo, a resort in the Dolomites. Minuzzo (Alpine skiing) For the first time, the Games were televised live Olympic oath (officials): no oath and TV viewers were able to watch the light of Lighting of the Olympic cauldron: Guido the Olympic cauldron. The flame had been lit at Caroli (speed skating) the Capitol in Rome. The 1956 Winter Games Official opening by: President Giovanni were notable for the presence of Soviet athletes, Gronchi who enjoyed numerous successes and retained Emblem: It represents a stylised snowflake an air of mystery by choosing separate containing the five Olympic rings surmounted by accommodation from that of the other a star, representing the emblem of the Italian delegations. They brought an end to the National Olympic Committee. Underneath this Canadian domination of ice hockey and emblem, a summit from the Dolomites (Monte dominated the speed skating events, while Pomagagnon), which overhangs the resort, is Pavel Kolchin became the first non- pictured. Scandinavian to win a cross-country skiing Mascots: no mascot medal. Alpine skier Toni Sailer also achieved an Olympic venues: The Trampolino Olimpico outstanding feat by winning the downhill, giant (ski-jumping stadium which can still be seen slalom and slalom events. In figure skating, today) is at the resort entrance. The cross American Tenley Albright was crowned Olympic country skiing tracks run alongside the river that champion even though she had been seriously flows across the resort and a provisional "snow injured only two weeks before the Games. As stadium"(?) was constructed at the finishing for the men, Hayes Alan Jenkins stood at the lines two kilometres from the village centre. The top of an all-American podium. Switzerland's Stadio Appolonio and the Stadio Olimpico del Madeleine Berthod won the women's downhill Ghiaccio were the two open-air ice rinks. The on her birthday. latter, built especially for the Games, has an original design, since the stands form a Ushape, with the fourth side open, providing a view of the mountains which dominate the resort. This ice stadium, a real open-air theatre, hosted the The Olympic Winter Games / 8 March 2016 Page 3/11 1960 SQUAW VALLEY, United 1964 INNSBRUCK, Austria States Dates: 29 January to 9 February Dates: 18 to 28 February 1960 Participation: 36 NOCs, 1,091