High Performance Polymers for Oil and Gas 2014
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High Performance POLYMERS for Oil & Gas 2014 Organised by: Sponsors & Exhibitors: INNOVATIONS WITH IMPACT Supporting Associations & Media Partners: World ils Crowne Plaza Roxburghe Edinburgh, Scotland 15-16 April 2014 Organised by ISBN: 978-1-90930-99-2 © Smithers Information Ltd, 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher, Smithers Information Ltd, Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY4 4NR, UK. The views expressed in this publication are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily correspond to those of Smithers Information Ltd. This publication is published on the basis that no responsibility or liability of any nature shall attach to Smithers Information Ltd arising out of or in connection with any utilization in any form any material contained in this publication. Contents OPENING SESSION: THE ROLE OF NON-METALLICS IN FUTURE OF OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION Paper 1 Opening Keynote Operator Perspective: challenges and polymeric requirements - current and future John Lawson ETC, Senior Technology Advisor, Chevron Paper 2 Offshore Drilling: Use of elastomeric materials and future challenges Nicolas Arteaga, Process Engineer, Cameron paper unavailable at time of print Paper 3 Case study: Installation of the world's first subsea rehabilitation system based on composite material Robert Walters, Founder & Chairman, APS Dubai CORROSION AND FAILURE: DEVELOPING QUALIFICATIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR FUTURE INNOVATIONS Paper 4 Nonmetallic Program for the Oil and Gas industry - Practical challenges against the utilization of nonmetallics at Saudi Aramco and solutions to successful applications. Mr. Abdullah Al-Dossary, Nonmetallic Engineer, Saudi Aramco paper unavailable at time of print Paper 5 Rapid Gas Decompression Resistance of Elastomeric O-Rings to Supercritical CO2 Peter Warren, Head of Materials Engineering, James Walker Paper 6 Industry Standards - A Blessing or a Curse? Alexandra Torgersen, Engineering Manager, FMC Technologies Paper 7 CNT Technology and Dispersion Michaël Claes, Global Technical Director, Nanocyl UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL IN NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY Paper 8 Anti-Corrosion Epoxy Coatings Containing Clay in Smectic Liquid Crystalline Order Dr H.J. Sue, Professor, A&M University Paper 9 Polymer Graphene Nanocomposites for Oil and Gas Processes Gobet Advincula, Case Western Reserve University HARSH TEMPERATURE ENVIRONMENTS - CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS Paper 10 Challenges of Temperature Extremes for Elastomer Materials Glyn Morgan, Sector Manager, Oil & Gas, Element Material Technology Paper 11 Cold Temperature Effects on Polymers - Cryogenic Spill Protection Sebastien Viale, Ph.D., Polymer Specialist - Advanced Subsea Architecture, Technip Innovation & Technology Center Paper 12 Arlon 3000XT Kerry Drake, Senior Scientist, and Burak Bekisli, Scientist, Greene, Tweed & Co MECHANISMS AND MANIFESTATIONS OF POLYMER AGEING AND FATIGUE, TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS, AND FUTURE OUTLOOK Paper 13 Generation of Polymer Fatigue Data for the Oil & Gas Industry Andrew Hulme, Principal Consultant, Smithers Rapra Paper 14 Drilling Fluid Influence on Elastomers Helmut Benning and Marcus Davidson, Research & Development, Baker Hughes DEVELOPING AND MODELLING MATERIALS FOR THE FUTURE OF THE INDUSTRY Paper 15 Modeling and Design of Reinforced Elastomeric Products Dr Stuart Brown, Managing Partner, Veryst Engineering Paper 16 Development of Materials for Sealing Solutions in HPHT conditions Mathilde Leboeuf, R&D manager Europe, St-Gobain Seals Paper 17 HNBR Rubber in CO2 Daniel L Hertz III, President, Seals Eastern, Inc. High Performance Polymers for Oil & Gas 2014 15-16 April 2014 – Edinburgh, Scotland KEYNOTE PRESENTATION OPERATOR PERSPECTIVE: CHALLENGES AND POLYMERIC REQUIREMENTS - CURRENT AND FUTURE John Lawson, Senior Technology Advisor Chevron Email: [email protected]; John Lawson was enticed into the Oil and Gas Industry in 1975, gaining experience in construction, maintenance, project management, diving and subsea engineering. Eventually specialised in pipeline design engineering, construction and installation. John was Texaco’s Operations Pipeline Engineer in Aberdeen from 1998, progressing, post merger, to Chevron’s Head of Subsea Engineering, leading a team of engineers working on design and installation, operations, integrity management of subsea systems whilst concurrently pursuing a strong interest in research & development. Now Senior Technology Advisor with Chevron Energy Technology Company. Member of BSI, DNV and ISO Code Committees. Chairs Aberdeen Pipeline Users Group (PLUG) and a variety of JIPs. John is also a Chartered Engineer, IMarEST Council Member and Membership Committee Member, part time university lecturer, contributing to undergraduate and post graduate teaching. He has a First class honours in Mechanical Engineering and a Doctorate in Engineering Design Methodology. PAPER UNAVAILABLE AT TIME OF PRINT Page 1 of 2 pages Paper 1 - Lawson 15-16 April 2014 – Edinburgh, Scotland High Performance Polymers for Oil & Gas 2014 Paper 1 - Lawson Page 2 of 2 pages High Performance Polymers for Oil & Gas 2014 15-16 April 2014 – Edinburgh, Scotland OFFSHORE DRILLING: USE OF ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES Nicolas Arteaga Cameron 4601 Westway Park, Houston, TX 77040 Tel: +1 (281) 606-6190 email: [email protected] BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE Nic Arteaga joined Cameron in 2005. During his time at Cameron, he has been in riser engineering, subsea blowout preventer engineering and is currently the engineering manager with responsibility for Cameron’s Townsend and Guiberson product lines, Elastomer R&D lab and Elastomer engineering groups. Nic graduated from Texas A&M University with a degree in Mechanical Engineering and holds a Professional Engineering License in Texas. On his time off, Nic is a Lieutenant with the Jersey Village Fire Department, volunteering his time as a firefighter and Emergency Medical Technician. ABSTRACT The oil field is a constantly evolving industry, and with new methods come new challenges. In order to properly design a product and choose the best materials, it is imperative that the designer has a grasp of the performance requirements of the product. From the rig floor to the sea floor, elastomeric seals are a critical part of maintaining well control. The seal materials used are predominantly NBR (acrylonitrile- butadiene rubber), HNBR (hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber) and fluoroelastomers due to their excellent mechanical properties, as well as their temperature and chemical resistance. These materials can also be formulated to increase their explosive decompression resistance. Our challenge for the future is to develop elastomers that 1) are resistant to the effects of new chemicals and chemical combinations; 2) are resistant to higher temperatures; 3) are resistant to higher pressures; and 4) have improved abrasion resistance. INTRODUCTION The oil field is a constantly evolving industry, and with new methods come new challenges. Of particular interest here will be the elastomeric materials used in offshore drilling applications. In order to properly design a product and choose the best materials, it is imperative that the designer has a grasp of the performance requirements of the product. Offshore drilling evolved from land drilling, and due to the proliferation of deep water drilling, it has developed its own specific equipment and methods. Drilling involves tapping into natural resources in the earth and bringing them up in a controlled manner. A critical element to controlling the fluid is having the right elastomers in the right places. In this paper, I will cover elastomers used from the drill floor down to the sea floor, with a particular focus on the blowout preventer (BOP) elastomers. HISTORY Drilling for oil began in the 1800’s. As we discovered more uses for this natural resource, drilling became more common and evolved based on experiences. Soon enough, a common experience came to be uncontrollable pressure that was allowed to vent to the environment until it was within manageable limits. Today, this is referred to as a blowout. In 1922, the first blowout preventer was developed by Cameron Iron Works. This device was essentially a valve placed on the well to shut it off in case of rising pressure which could lead to a blowout. Page 1 of 8 pages Paper 2 - Arteaga 15-16 April 2014 – Edinburgh, Scotland High Performance Polymers for Oil & Gas 2014 Figure 1 – Schematic of BOP submitted by Cameron Iron Works for patent As offshore drilling developed from fixed structures near land to today’s floating vessels far out at sea, the need for supplemental methods of control evolved. Now, complicated systems exist that all use elastomers in some manner. SCOPE The scope covered here will begin on the drill floor, which is where the wellbore begins. The wellbore encloses the column of circulating mud, cuttings and formation fluids. A generic diagram of subsea drilling equipment is shown in Figure 2, which highlights some particular elements of this scope. Figure 2 – Generic layout of subsea drilling equipment Paper 1 - Arteaga Page 2 of 8 pages High Performance Polymers for Oil & Gas 2014 15-16 April 2014 – Edinburgh, Scotland The diagram in Figure 2 is not intended to represent a typical configuration, but rather depict many of the