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US5464656.Pdf |||||||I|| US005464656A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,464,656 Verkade (45) Date of Patent: Nov. 7, 1995 54 METHOD OF APPLYING SINGLE-SOURCE A. H. Cowley et al., "Organometallic Chemical Vapor MOLECULAR ORGANIC CHEMICAL Deposition of III/V Compound Semiconductors with Novel WAPOR DEPOSITION AGENTS Organometallic Precursors', J. Am. Chem. Soc., 110, 6248-6249 (1988). 75 Inventor: John G. Verkade, Ames, Iowa A. H. Cowley et al., "An Aluminaphosphacubane, a New Aluminum Phosphide Precursor”, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 73) Assignee: Iowa State University Research Engl., 29, 1409-1410 (1990). Foundation, Inc., Ames, Iowa A. H. Cowley et al., "Preparation of Indium Antimonide Using a Single-Source Precursor”, Chem. Mater, 2, (21) Appl. No.: 253,106 221-222 (1990). (22 Filed: Jun. 2, 1994 A. H. Cowley et al., “III/V Precursors with P-H or As-H Bonds. A Low-Temperature Route to Gallium Arsenide and Related U.S. Application Data Gallium Phosphide', Organometallics, 10, 652-656 (1991). A. H. Cowley et al., “Isopropylphosphido and Arsenido 60 Division of Ser. No. 911,923, Jul. 10, 1992, Pat. No. Derivatives of Gallium and Indium. Isolation of 5,344,948, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 841, Gallium-Phosphorous and Indium-Phosphorous Dimers 589, Feb. 25, 1992, abandoned. and Trimers', Organometalics, 10, 1635-1637 (1991). (51) Int. Cl." ...................................... C23C 16/18 C. C. Cummins et al., “Trigonal-Monopyramidal M'Com 52 U.S. Cl ... 427/248.1; 427/250; 427/255.6 plexes of the Type M(NN) (M=Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe; 58 Field of Search .............................. 427/248.1, 255.6, NN=(tBuMeSi) NCHCHN)", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 427/250 Engl., 31, 1501-1503 (Dec. 1992). (56) References Cited (List continued on next page.) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS Primary Examiner-Shrive Beck Assistant Examiner-Bret Chen 3,994,740 11/1976 Morton ...................................... 106/65 4,885,376 12/1989 Verkade. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Schwegman, Lundberg & Woess 5,051,533 9/1991 Verkade ...................... .............. 564/13 ne OTHER PUBLICATIONS 57 ABSTRACT C. C. Amato et al., "Gas Phase Decomposition of an Neutral single-source molecular organic precursors contain Organometallic Chemical Vapor Deposition Precursor to ing tetradentate tripodal chelating ligands are provided that AlN: Al(CH))NH), Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., are useful for the preparation of films chemical vapor 119-124 (1990). deposition. These complexes can be generally represented D. A. Atwood et al., "X-ray crystal structure of the dimeth by the formula ylgallium azide polymer and its use as a gallium nitride precursor", J. Organomet. Chem., 394, C6-C8 (1990). D. C. Bradley, "Metallo-organic Compounds containing (R), Metal-Nitrogen bonds. Part I. Some Dialkylamino-derivatives of Titanium and Zirconium', J. l N 2 Chem. Soc., 3857-3861 (1960). (R --- Y. CR 2n D. C. Bradley et al., "Novel Precursors for the Growth of E(R)2C) E-(R'), III-V Semiconductors by MOVPE', J. Cryst. Growth, 75, S / 101-106 (1986). E-IC(R)2) T. A. Brooks et al., “Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Silicon Nitride from 1,1,3,3,5, wherein 'M' is selected from the group consisting of a 5-Hexamethylcyclotrisilazane and Ammonia, Thin Solid lanthanide, an actinide, a Group IIIA metal, a Group IIIA Films, 153, 521-529 (1987). metalloid, a Group IVA metal, a Group IVA metalloid, a D. M.-T. Chan et al., “Trialkoxynitridomolydbenum Com Group VA metal, a Group VA metalloid, a Group IIIB metal, pounds: (RO)MoEN. Preparation, Structures (R=t-Bu a Group IVB metal, a Group VB metal, a Group VIB metal, and i-Pr), and Comparisons with a Tungsten Analogue a Group VIIB metal, and a Group VIIIB metal. The ligand (R=t-Bu)", Inorg. Chem., 25, 4170-4174 (1986). "Z", when present (k=1), is selected from the group con H. L. M. Chang et al., "Preparation, Structure and Properties sisting of hydrogen, halide, and a group bonded to "M" through N, O, P, S, As, Si, or C. "E" is N, P, or As, and of VO, and TiO, Thin Films by MOCVD', Mat. Res. Soc. m=0-1. When “E” is N, P, or As, m=1. When "E" is O, S, Symp. Proc., 168, 343-348 (1990). or Se, m=0. Each "R" is selected from the group consisting H. Cohen, "Mono-and trititanates of cyclic nitrilotriethylene of hydrogen, (C-C2)alkyl, (C-C-o)alkenyl, triorganotin titanate (IV)', J. Organometal. Chem., 9, (C-Co)alkynyl, (C-C)aryl, (C7-Co)aralkyl, a 177-179 (1967). (Cs. Cs)heterocycle, and triorganosilyl. In-ICOR)2)-, H. J. Cohen, "Cyclic Nitrilotriethylene Triorganosilyl Titan n=1-4, and each “R” is selected from the group consisting ate (IV): "Mono-, Di- and “Trititanates', J. Organomet. of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, and a Chem., 5, 413-419 (1966). heterocycle. F. A. Cotton et al., Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 4th Ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York; pp. 737, 751, 767, 986, 1010, and 1011 (1980). 18 Claims, No Drawings 5,464,656 Page 2 OTHER PUBLICATIONS J. Mater. Res., 6, 5-7 (1991). D. Gudat et al., “Novel Properties of New Phosphatranes C. C. Cummins et al., "Synthesis of Vanadium and Titanium and Silatranes”, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silica, 41, 21-29 Complexes of the Type RM (MeSiNCHCH)N) (R=Cl, (1989). Alkyl) and the Structure of CIVICMeSiNCH2CH2)4N]", D. Gudat et al., "New AZasilatranes: Synthesis and Substi Organometallics, 11, 1452-1454 (Apr. 1992). tution Reactions', Organometallics, 8, 2772-2779 (1989). A. G. Davies et al., "The Structure and Reactions of Some D. Gudat et al., "New Azasilatranes: Sterically Induced Mono-Organo-Tin (IV) Compounds', J. Organomet. Transannular Bond Weakening and Cleavage', J. Am. Chem. Chem. 39, 279-288 (1972). Soc., 111, 8520-8522 (1989). B. de Ruiter et al., "Formation of Unexpected Silicon D. Gudat et al., "New AZasilatranes: Bidentate and Triden Alkoxide Isomers in a Rectangular Planar Chelating Frame tate Coordination Modes of the Novel Ligand work”, Inorg. Chem., 29, 1065-1068 (1990). EtOSi(Ph-PNCHCH2)(HNCHCH)N', Organometallics, S. B. Desu et al., "Structure, Composition, and Properties of 9, 1464-1470 (1990). MOCVD ZrO, Thin Films", Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., D. Gudat et al., “AZasilatrane Methanolysis Pathways: Ste 168, 349-356 (1990). reoelectronic Influences', Organometallics, 9, 2172–2175 D. D. Devore et al., "Complexes of (Arylimido)vanadi (1990). um(V). Synthetic, Structural, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical R. L. Harlow, "Dimer of (2, 2, Studies of V(Ntol)Cl and Derivatives', J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2"-Nitrilotriethanolato)(2-propanolato)titanium(IV), - 109, 7408-7416 (1987). Ti(CHNO)(CHO))', Acta Cryst., C39, 1344-1346 S. Dou et al., "Crystal structure of 2,8.9-trioxa-5-aza-l (1983). bora=tricyclo[3.3.3.0 undecane-3-one", Jiegou Hua D. E. Heaton et al., "Potential Sources of the Electronics xue, 2, 273-276 (1983); Chem. Abstr, 106, Abstract No. Materials GaP and AlAs. Synthesis and X-Ray Structures of 129709z, p. 671 (1987) (Abstract Only). It-BuGaGu-(CH)PH2 and Et2A(u-t-BuAS)2 H. Du et al., "Low-Temperature Metal-Organic Chemical (CH=Cyclopentyl)”, Polyhedron, 7, 1901-1908 (1988). Vapor Deposition of Silicon Nitride', J. Am. Ceram. Soc., K.-L. Ho et al., “MOCVD of Wide Bandgap III-V Semi 73, 764-766 (1990). conductors by Using Novel Precursors', Mat. Res. Soc. C. Eaborn et al., "A Silatrane-Platinum Complex, trans Symp. Proc., 162, 605-610 (1990). -PtCl-Si(OCHCH.)N-(PMePh) with a Planar Nitro K.-L. Ho et al., "MOCVD of AlN by Using Novel Precur gen and No Si-N Bond; X-Ray Crystal Structure', J. Chem. sors', Proc. Electrochem. Soc., 90-12, 388-394 (1990). Soc., Chem. Comm., 317–318 (1976). M. G. Hocking et al., "Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD)" R. M. Fix et al., “Solution-Phase Reactivity as a Guide to in Metallic and Ceramic Coatings; Longman Scientific and the Low-Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition of Technical; Essex, England; Ch. 4, pp. 103-172 (1989). Early-Transition-Metal Nitride Thin Films', J. Am. Chem. L. V. Interrante et al., "Preparation and Properties of Alu Soc., 112, 7833-7835 (1990). minum Nitride Films Using an Organometallic Precursor', R. M. Fix et al., “Synthesis of Thin Films by Atmospheric J. Electrochem. Soc., 136, 472-478 (1989). Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition Using Amido and K. Jones et al., "Amino-derivatives of Metals and Metal Imido Titanium (IV) Compounds as Precursors', Chem. loids. Part I. Preparation of Aminostannanes, Stanny Mater, 2, 235-241 (1990). lamines, and Stannazanes', J. Chem. Soc., 1944-1951 W. H. Follner, "Triathanolaminkomplexe. I. Die Kristall (1965). struktur von ZnCl. CHON”, Acta Cryst., B28, 157-160 V. K. 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