Recruit Trainee Survey: 2019/20

Recruit Trainee Survey 2019-20

1 CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 INTRODUCTION 22 BACKGROUND 23 SURVEY METHODOLOGY 24 REPORTING 27 RESPONSE RATES 29 RESPONDENT PROFILES 34 PHASE 1 - DETAILED FINDINGS 38 RECRUITMENT & PREPARING FOR TRAINING 39 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES 54 SUPPORT 69 FAIRNESS 81 SETBACKS DURING TRAINING 103 GENERAL 114 HOPES FOR THE FUTURE 132 PHASE 2 - DETAILED FINDINGS 139 RECRUITMENT & PREPARING FOR TRAINING 140 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES 146 SUPPORT 163 FAIRNESS 175 SETBACKS DURING TRAINING 197 GENERAL 208 HOPES FOR THE FUTURE 225 PHASE 1 - RESPONDENT PROFILES 232 PHASE 2 - RESPONDENT PROFILES 250 ANNEX A: DATA CLEANING & STATISTICAL RELIABILITY 268 ANNEX B: SERVICE COMPARISONS 272 ANNEX C: BASE SIZES 280 ANNEX D: IPSOS MORI’S STANDARDS & ACCREDITATIONS 287

2 IPSOS MORI QUALITY

▪ Ipsos MORI’s reputation for excellence stems from our insistence on quality at every stage of a research project. We will not accept interference from clients who wish to bias results in any way. We are happy to confirm that at no stage in this project has the MOD or any other body attempted to impose leading questions, or seek anything other than a genuine representation of the views of the recruits, trainees and cadets.

▪ This work was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the international quality standard for market research and ISO 20252.

▪ For more details on Ipsos MORI’s Standards and Accreditations please see Annex D.

3 Executive Summary

4 ARMY PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 Army Recruits

Key points

▪ Responses were received from 4,353 Army Recruits, representing a response rate of 54%. ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ Against 2018-19, the movement is mainly negative, with five gains set against 25 drops in ratings. Recruitment and Preparing for Training ▪ Against 2018-19 one change is evident in this section, with the proportion of Army Recruits who were satisfied with the recruitment process increasing from 56% to 61%. Facilities and Amenities ▪ Compared to the previous year, there has been one gain and nine falls in the facilities and amenities section. While ratings of sports facilities as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ rose from 63% to 68%, falls were recorded in the following areas: ▪ Standard of living accommodation (75% to 68%), time for essential personal administration (55% to 52%), access to IT for personal use (47% to 35%), internet access (75% to 64%), the learning centre to study after hours (41% to 34%), laundry facilities (61% to 45%), personal kit (86% to 83%), food (35% to 28%) and enough time to eat meals (63% to 50%). Support ▪ There have been three falls in the support section. ▪ Army Recruits stating that they had a ‘very good’ or ‘good’ opportunity to talk privately with training staff fell from 82% to 79%, with the same true of the availability of staff for problems outside of training hours (91% to 90%) and the opportunity to raise concerns with a person in authority (89% to 87%). Fairness ▪ There have been nine falls in perceptions of fairness against the previous year among Army Recruits. ▪ The proportion that felt they were unfairly treated by either staff or trainees rose from 10% to 12%. More specifically the proportion who felt they had been unfairly treated by staff rose from 5% to 7% and by other trainees rose from 6% to 8%. ▪ There have also been falls in awareness of how to complain about unfair treatment/bullying (88% to 83%), knowledge of the Service Complaints Ombudsman (39% to 33%), belief that complaints are dealt with in a fair manner (62% to 56%), trainees being treated fairly (82% to 76%), personally being treated fairly (87% to 83%) and training being conducted without sexual/racial harassment (95% to 91%).

5 ARMY PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 Army Recruits

Key points

Setbacks During Training ▪ Amongst those who were ill or injured during training, there was a fall in the proportion who reported it, down from 80% in 2018-19 to 75% in 2019-20. General ▪ One gain and three falls were recorded in the general section. ▪ There has been a rise in Army Recruits saying they were able to keep in touch with family when not on a training task (84% to 87%). ▪ However there were falls in agreement that regular feedback was received (75% to 67%), that the reasons for doing things were explained (79% to 75%) and enjoyment of this phase of training (75% to 73%). Hopes for the Future ▪ Compared to 2018-19, two gains were recorded. ▪ The proportion of Army Recruits that say they hope to make a career in the service rose (78% to 81%) and there was an increase in those who would recommend joining the Service to others (90% to 92%).

6 ARMY PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 Army Recruits Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018-19 vs 2019-20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 RECRUITMENT AND PREPARING FOR TRAINING SUPPORT Satisfaction with recruitment process 56 61 Opportunity to talk privately with training staff 82 79 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Availability of staff for problems out of training hours 91 90 Opportunity to raise all concerns with person in Sports facilities 63 68 89 87 authority GENERAL FAIRNESS I was able to keep in touch with my family when I wasn’t Awareness of how to complain about poor or unfair 84 87 88 83 on a training task treatment or bullying HOPES FOR THE FUTURE Knowledge of service complaints ombudsman 39 33 I hope to make a career in Service 78 81 I believe complaints are dealt with in a fair manner 62 56 Would recommend joining the Service to others 90 92 Trainees were all treated fairly 82 76 % 2018- % 2019- I was treated fairly 87 83 Falls 19 20 Training was conducted without sexual or racial 95 91 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES harassment Badly or unfairly treated by staff 5 7 Standard of living accommodation 75 68 Badly or unfairly treated by trainees 6 8 Time for essential personal administration 55 52 Badly or unfairly treated by staff or trainees 10 12 Access to IT for personal use 47 35 SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Internet access 75 64 Reported it when ill or injured during training 80 75 Learning Centre to study after hours 41 34 GENERAL Laundry facilities 61 45 I received regular feedback on my performance 75 67 Personal kit 86 83 The reasons for doing things were explained to me 79 75 Food 35 28 I enjoyed this phase of training 75 73 Given enough time to eat meals 63 50

▪ In total, 1,619 Royal Navy Recruits completed the survey in 2019-20, representing a response rate of 73% ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ Responses from Royal Navy Recruits were generally stable against 2018-19, with just two gains and five falls. Facilities and Amenities ▪ There has been one gain and three falls in this section compared to the previous year. ▪ There has been a rise in Royal Navy Recruits rating laundry facilities as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ (41% to 46%). ▪ Conversely, there have been falls in three areas: access to IT for personal use (42% to 35%), internet access (59% to 42%), the learning centre to study after hours (35% to 30%). Support ▪ There has been just one fall in this section – the proportion stating they had the opportunity to keep in touch with family and friends has dropped from 74% to 57%. General ▪ Scores in this section are stable, with one gain and one fall. ▪ There has been a rise in Royal Navy Recruits stating that staff did all they could to help them succeed (88% to 91%). ▪ There has been a fall in those saying they were able to keep in touch with family/friends when not on a training task (86% to 76%).

▪ No change evident against 2018-19 for the following sections: Recruitment and Preparing for Training, Fairness, Setbacks during Training and Hopes for the Future.

8 ROYAL NAVY PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018-19 vs 2019-20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Laundry facilities 41 46 Access to IT for personal use 42 35 GENERAL Internet access 59 43 The staff/instructors did all they could to help me 88 91 Learning Centre to study after hours 35 30 succeed in training SUPPORT Opportunity to keep in contact with family and friends 74 57 GENERAL I was able to keep in touch with my family when I wasn’t 86 76 on a training task

▪ In 2019-20, 1,918 RAF Recruits completed the survey, representing a response rate of 94%. ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ Against the previous year there are only a small number of changes, with one gains and seven falls. Recruitment and Preparing for Training ▪ Year-on-year there is just one change, with a fall in RAF Recruits agreeing the information given to them prior to arrival provided them with useful and accurate information about what the training involved (64% in 2018-19, down to 59% in 2019-20). Facilities and Amenities ▪ Compared to last year there has been one gain and two falls in this section. ▪ RAF Recruits rating laundry facilities as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ rose from 25% to 38%, however ratings for the standard of living accommodation fell (37% to 28%) as did food ratings (35% to 29%). Fairness ▪ Against 2018-19 the proportion of RAF Recruits that believe complaints were dealt with in a fair manner has fallen from 58% to 54%. Setbacks During Training ▪ Compared to the previous year there have been two changes in this section. ▪ An increase in the proportion of RAF Recruits who were ill or injured (and either reported or did not report it) from 48% in 2018-19 to 54% in 2019-20, plus an increase in RAF Recruits having to repeat training rising from 12% to 18%. General ▪ With the general ratings section, there was just one change compared to the previous year, with those saying they received regular feedback on their performance falling from 61% to 56%.

There is no change from the previous year in the following sections: Support and Hopes for the Future

10 RAF PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 RAF Recruits Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018-19 vs 2019-20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES RECRUITMENT AND PREPARING FOR TRAINING Information…provided me with useful and accurate Laundry facilities 25 38 64 59 information about what the training involved FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Standard of living accommodation 37 28 Food 35 29 FAIRNESS I believe complaints are dealt with in a fair manner 58 54 SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Was ill or injured (and either reported or did not report) 48 54 Had to repeat training 12 18 GENERAL I received regular feedback on my performance 61 56

Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement. 11 ROYAL MARINES PHASE 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits Key points

▪ In total, 1,108 completes were received from Royal Marines Recruits in 2019-20. ▪ Due to technical problems encountered during data collection, Phase 1 responses for the RM include approximately 250 responses from Phase 2 Trainees at CTCRM Lympstone. Some respondents in this sample may have completed the survey twice if they have completed both a Phase 1 and Phase 2 course. As a result, it is not possible to make meaningful longitudinal comparisons for the Royal Marines.

12 ARMY PHASE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 2 Army Trainees Key points

▪ In 2019-20 responses were received from 2,993 Army Trainees, representing a response rate of 60%. ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ Compared with 2018-19, there have been no gains but six falls across two sections. Facilities and Amenities ▪ Ratings decreased against 2018-19 in three areas. ▪ A fall in trainees’ ratings for things to do when off duty on site (53% to 49% rating as ‘very good’ or ‘good’), the personal kit (80% to 76%), and the proportion saying that had the option to comment on Pay As You Dine food (67% to 63%). General ▪ Ratings decreased year-on-year across the following metrics: ▪ Overall satisfaction with training experience (81% to 78%), the proportion of trainees who agreed that they received regular feedback on performance (76% to 72%), and the proportion of trainees who said they felt challenged (84% to 81%).

There is no change from the previous year in the following sections: Recruitment and Preparation, Support, Fairness, Setbacks During Training and Hopes for the Future.

13 ARMY PHASE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 2 Army Trainees Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018/9 vs 2019/20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 No gains were recorded this year FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Things to do when off duty on site 53 49 Personal kit (e.g. boots, uniform) 80 76 Option to comment on Pay As You Dine food 67 63 GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training experience 81 78 I received regular feedback on my performance 76 72 I felt challenged 84 81

▪ In 2019-20 responses were received from 1,321 Royal Navy Trainees, representing a response rate of 49%. ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ There have been nine gains and no falls compared with the last year. Facilities and Amenities ▪ Against 2019-20, there have been two rises in the facilities and amenities section: dental care (79% to 86% rating as ‘very good’ or ‘good’), and those saying that they had the option to comment on Pay As You Dine foods (68% to 73%). Support ▪ There have been two rises compared to the previous year: rating for opportunity to keep in contact with family and friends as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ (88% to 91%), and availability of staff for problems out of training hours (90% to 94%). ▪ There was also a change in the proportion of trainees reporting that have learning needs and difficulties (11% to 14%). Setbacks During Training ▪ There was only one change here with an increase in the proportion of trainees that said that their injury/illness was properly dealt with (86% to 92%). General ▪ There have been three rises in this section. Agreement increased for the following areas: ▪ ‘The staff/ instructors did all they could to help me succeed’ (85% to 88%), ‘I felt challenged’ (78% to 82%), and ‘I understand the core values of the Navy’ (89% to 93%).

There is no change from the previous year in the following sections: Recruitment and Preparing for Training, Fairness and Hopes for the Future.

15 ROYAL NAVY PHASE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018/9 vs 2019/20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES No falls were recorded this year Dental care 79 86 Option to comment on Pay As You Dine food 68 73 SUPPORT Have learning needs and difficulties 11 14 Opportunity to keep in contact with family and friends 88 91 Availability of staff for problems out of training hours 90 94 SETBACKS DURING TRAINING My injury/ illness was properly dealt with 86 92 GENERAL The staff/instructors did all they could to help me 85 88 succeed in training I felt challenged 78 82 I understand the core values of the Service 89 93

▪ In 2019-20 responses were received from 1,353 RAF Trainees, representing a response rate of 80%. ▪ This summary highlights any changes against 2018-19 that are statistically significant at the 99% confidence level. ▪ Compared with the previous year there were eleven falls and three gains. Recruitment and Preparing for Training ▪ Compared with 2018-19, there been two changes in this section. ▪ There has been a rise in the proportion of trainees that received a brief on joining Phase 2 establishment during Phase 1 (84% to 89%) and rise in trainees that did not have a gap between their Phase 1 and Phase 2 training course with no activity or leave (44% to 51%). Facilities and Amenities ▪ There have been nine falls in this section: ▪ Standard of living accommodation (56% to 50% rating as good/ very good), things to do when off duty on site (52% to 50%), things to do when off duty off site/locally (70% to 65%), medical care (84% to 77%), dental care (74% to 63%), time for essential personal administration (77% to 72%), access to IT for personal use (63% to 58%), internet access (65% to 53%), and personal kit (86% to 79%). General ▪ Against 2018-19 there have been two falls: ▪ Overall satisfaction with training experience (89% to 86%) and trainees that enjoyed this phase of training (85% to 81%). Hopes for the Future ▪ Against 2018-19, there has been an increase in the proportion of trainees who hope to make a career in the Service increasing from 75% to 80%.

There is no change from the previous year in the following sections: Support, Fairness and Setbacks during Training.

17 RAF PHASE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 2 RAF Trainees Statistically significant areas of change year-on-year: 2018-19 vs 2019-20

% 2018- % 2019- % 2018- % 2019- Gains Falls 19 20 19 20 RECRUITMENT AND PREPARING FOR TRAINING FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Received brief on joining Phase 2 establishment during 84 89 Standard of living accommodation 56 50 Phase 1 Did not have a gap between Phase 1 and Phase 2 Things to do when off duty on site 52 46 44 51 training course with no activity or leave Things to do when off duty off site/locally 70 65 HOPES FOR THE FUTURE Medical care 84 77 Hope to make a career in Service 75 80 Dental care 74 63 Time for essential personal administration 77 72 Access to IT for personal use 63 58 Internet access 65 53 Personal kit (e.g. boots, uniform) 86 79 GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training experience 89 86 I enjoyed this phase of training 85 81

18 ROYAL MARINES PHASE 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees Key points – all comparisons are against 2018-19

▪ Responses were received from 56 Royal Marine Trainees. ▪ Due to technical problems encountered during data collection, Phase 1 responses for the RM include approximately 250 responses from Phase 2 Trainees at CTCRM Lympstone. As a result, the Phase 2 data is missing approximately 250 respondents. As a result, it is not possible to make meaningful longitudinal comparisons for the Royal Marines.

19 Introduction

20 BACKGROUND RTS Recruits and Trainees

▪ The Recruit Trainee Survey (RTS) was established following an appraisal of initial training (Phase 1 and Phase 2) by the Defence Operational Capability (DOC) in 2002. The aims of the survey are to: ▪ Elicit attitudes towards the quality and benefits of training provided ▪ Monitor bad or unfair treatment across the training establishments

▪ In this report, performance is reported by Service only and not for individual units; it is further sub-divided into Phase 1 and Phase 2. By analysing all responses over the period April 2019 – March 2020 we provide an overview of the data, focusing on key findings, and in so doing complement and build on the monthly unit-specific reports.

▪ The survey was trialled by the Army between November 2003 and May 2004. It has been used operationally by the Army since May 2004. The survey was introduced operationally by the Royal Navy (RN) and Royal Air Force (RAF) in November 2004. The survey was subject to the MOD ethical scrutiny process.

21 SURVEY METHODOLOGY RTS Recruits and Trainees

Administration ▪ All recruits and trainees who have completed at least two weeks training on Phase 1 or Phase 2 courses are invited to participate in the survey. All respondents completing the survey are reassured that they will not be asked to record their name anywhere on the survey, and are told how their information will be made available to those at their unit and involved in the training evaluation process. ▪ Survey completion is voluntary and recruits can opt out of participating at any point. The data set used for the annual report includes full survey completes only.

Questionnaire ▪ The questionnaire includes all the key questions raised by the Defence Operational Capability Audit and was developed by a Tri-Service group. On commission, Ipsos MORI made minor adjustments to the format and design of the questionnaire. Questions have been added, modified or removed with each iteration of the survey as part of a continuous improvement and review process. As such, there may be more trend data for questions which have not changed throughout the lifetime of the survey. For the purposes of this report, trend data is shown for the past 5 years; that is since 2014. ▪ When the survey was designed, the questionnaire was tested on recruits from different schools in order to examine and evaluate the content, length, language and ensure all respondents can understand the questionnaire. ▪ From time to time workshops are conducted to gain feedback from recruits/trainees, survey administrators and the end users of the reports to support the process of continuous improvement.

22 CONTINUOUS REPORTING RTS Recruits and Trainees

▪ During the course of the year the Services use the survey results to monitor the views of recruits/trainees to generally inform continuous improvement activity and instigate changes to processes if required. Reports are produced on a school by school basis, and the data is published regularly depending on the number of responses of each training school. The data is uploaded to an online portal to which each school has constant access. A new online portal was implemented in June 2013 after consultation with various users of the results.

▪ The portal provides access to the results for each school with aggregated peer group and Service performance measures providing comparative context. If changes are made to the survey these are reflected on the portal. The functionality of the portal is reviewed and technical development work carried out as required.

▪ Monthly summaries are provided to the training schools summarising performance across 14 key areas. To provide data to the training school, a minimum of 10 respondents need to have completed the survey within the last 12 months; this threshold is set to preserve the anonymity of individual respondents. The report shows performance across the last 3 months (where a minimum of 10 responses have been received) and also at an aggregated level for the last 3 months and last 12 months.

23 TRENDS AND PAST DATA RTS Recruits and Trainees

▪ This report represents data collected from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2020.

▪ Previous data collection periods are shown in the table below. The 2014-15 annual report summarised results from a fifteen month reporting period to bring it in line with the military calendar which runs from April to March.

Label Period 2019-20 1st April 2019 – 31st March 2020 2018-19 1st April 2018 – 31st March 2019 2017-18 1st April 2017 – 31st March 2018 2016-17 1st April 2016 – 31st March 2017 2015-16 1st April 2015 – 31st March 2016 2014-15 1st January 2014 – 31st March 2015

▪ For questions where trend data is displayed, the base sizes for each year are shown in Annex C.

▪ Significant year-on-year trends within Services have been highlighted and commented on in the text.

▪ Significant differences between Services are shown in Annex B.

24 REPORTING

Significant differences ▪ Throughout this report only differences that are statistically significant have been commented upon. A result is statistically significant if it is unlikely to have occurred by chance and it simply means there is statistical evidence of a difference between two figures; it does not mean the difference is necessarily large, important, or significant in the common meaning of the word. A statistical difference can still occur if the overall percentage remains the same due to the large base sizes included in the dataset. For more information please see Annex A. Only significant differences between reporting years are commented on throughout the report. Annex B shows significant differences between Services. Base sizes ▪ Throughout the report, the base size refers to the number of respondents asked a particular question, if this is not the case it is clearly indicated in the base description. There are some questions which are filtered on previous answers (e.g. those who were ill or injured), and so the base size can vary and may not be on the entire respondent base. A note is included if the base size is particularly low, and data is not shown if the base size is less than 10 respondents. Aggregated totals ▪ Throughout the report there are references to aggregated totals, labelled as ‘% positive’. This refers to the sum of two answer options that are affirmative to the question or statement (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’), and does not necessarily mean that the response is positive in the common meaning of the word. The aggregate score takes into account the rounding which occurs when two figures are presented separately. All comments and significant differences are based on the aggregated total. Rounding ▪ Where percentages do not add to 100%, this may be due to rounding, the exclusion of those answering ‘don’t know’ to a question or multiple responses (i.e. where respondents are able to select more than one answer to a question). Verbatim ▪ Verbatim answers to open-ended questions are collected but are not included in this report. These comments are available to each school on the online reporting platform.

25 REPORT FORMAT

▪ This annual report has been designed following a period of consultation with end users. The format of each page varies depending on the type of question but most features are the same. Please see the guide below for how to read the results:

Question text as asked in the online survey Base size and question Clarification on routing aggregated % positive answer options i.e. Significant differences those answering. compared with last Significant differences, years based on % trend data and positive commentary is based on this Summary of results Results for current year and additional information such as previous questionnaire Trend data for % changes positive responses. All years where results are available are displayed

26 RESPONSE RATES

▪ Over the twelve-month survey period, there were 14,721 responses to the questionnaire. A breakdown of participation by Service is shown below. This number will be greater than the number of recruits and trainees in the Service because individuals are given the opportunity to complete the questionnaire at the end of Phase 1 training, as well as at the culmination of all Phase 2 training courses they may attend.

% of overall returns per Total Responses Response rate % ** Service 2019-20 2018-19 2019-20 2018-19 2019-20 2018-19 Army 4,353 3,822 54 78 48 55 Royal Navy 1,619 1,884 73 71 18 27 Phase 1 RAF 1,918 1,297 94 76 21 19 Royal Marines** 1,108 - ~ 12 Total Ph1 8,998 7,003 - 76 Army 2,993 3,521 60 60e 52 55 Royal Navy 1,321 1,364 49 53e 23 21 Phase 2 * RAF 1,353 1,115 80 69e 24 17 Royal Marines 56 412 ~ 99e 1 6 Total Ph2*** 5,723 6,412 - 61e TOTAL RTS 14,721 13,415 - 68e

* Some Phase 2 trainees completed the survey more than once depending on the structure of their Phase 2 training. ** Ph2 Royal Marine’s reported separately in 2019-20 for the first time. *** Response rates are based on the number of recruits and trainees who had completed at least 2 weeks training. In some cases, recruits/trainees may have not been given the opportunity to complete the survey, rather than actively not choosing to complete it. ~ Due to technical problems encountered during data collection, Phase 1 responses for the Royal Marines include approximately 250 responses from Phase 2 Trainees at CTCRM Lympstone. Some in the sample may have completed the survey twice if they have completed both a Phase 1 and Phase 2 course. It is not possible to state response rates but they are estimated at 98%e for Phase 1 and 85%e for Phase 2. e Estimate of response rate provided

27 RESPONSE RATES

▪ Please note that, although in some places in this report, data is presented for the ‘total’ respondent base, no adjustment or weighting has been applied to this data to bring it absolutely in-line with the actual (or population) Service profile for either Phase 1 or Phase 2.

▪ For details about statistical reliability including calculated confidence intervals, see Annex A.

28 PARTICIPATING SCHOOLS – PHASE 1 SCHOOLS

▪ The tables on this page and the next show the training establishments that participate in RTS. Initial training in the Armed Forces is divided into two phases. Firstly Phase 1 training introduces recruits to the Armed Forces, teaches basic military skills and is only conducted in single Service schools. The table below shows the Phase 1 schools that participate in RTS: Army Phase 1 Training Schools Army Training Regiment (Winchester) Army Training Centre (Pirbright) Army Foundation College (Harrogate) Infantry Training Centre (Catterick) Royal Navy Phase 1 Training Schools HMS Raleigh - Initial Naval Training (Ratings) Commando Training Centre Royal Marines (CTCRM) Lympstone - Commando Training Wing Royal Marines School of Music (RMSoM) Portsmouth (Phase 1) Royal Air Force Phase 1 Training Schools RAF Halton ▪ Subsequently, Phase 2 training delivers specialist trade or technical training and prepares the ratings, soldiers and airmen/women for their first appointment in the Armed Forces. Phase 2 schools, as illustrated on the next page can be either single Service schools or Tri-Service schools, where trainees undertake their training in a mixed Service environment.

▪ Some schools on the next page are merged together due to either their size, small throughput of trainees, or because more than one school is located on the same site. For purely administrative purposes, some of these school’s surveys are reported together as one specific site.

29 PARTICIPATING SCHOOLS – PHASE 2 SCHOOLS

14 Regiment Royal Artillery Defence Animal Training Regiment (DATR) DEMS Training Regiment 3 Royal School of Military Engineering 1 Royal School of Military Engineering Royal Military School of Music RE Warfare Wing (REWW) ARITC/ 2 Training Regiment AAC LWC Royal Armoured Corps Training Regiment Defence School of Policing and Guarding (DSPG) Southwick Park Defence School of Transport (DST) Leconfield Defence Maritime Logistics School (DMLS) Defence School Personnel Administration (DSPA) Worthy Down Food Services Wing (FSW) Worthy Down Supply Movements Training Wing (SMTW) RAF Halton Defence Movements School (DMS) RAF Brize Norton Commando Trg Wing (CTW) CTCRM (Phase 2) HMS Raleigh - Royal Navy Submarine School SMQ(N) HMS Drake SMQ(N) HMNB Clyde NAVY HMS Collingwood Phase 2 Flag Officer Sea Training Hydrography, Meteorology & Oceanography (FOST HM) Royal Naval Air Station (RNAS) Culdrose HMS Heron ETS

30 PARTICIPATING SCHOOLS – PHASE 2 SCHOOLS

RAF Shawbury - School of Air Operations Control (SAOC) School of Aerospace Battle Management (SABM) RAF Boulmer School of Physical Training (SoPT) RAF Cosford RAF Honington (Phase 2) HQ Music Services RAF Northolt* DSAE Cosford (Defence School of Aeronautical Engineering) HMS Sultan - RN Air Engineering and Survival Equipment School (RNAESS) RAF 8 Trg Bn REME Lyneham 4 SoTT RAF St Athan No. 1 Radio School (1RS) RAF Cosford Aerial Erector School RAF Digby DSCIS RSS Blandford/11 Sig Regt HMS Sultan - Defence School of Marine Engineering (DSMarE) Defence Fire Training & Development Centre MOD Manston DISC Chicksands Strategic Command Defence College of Healthcare Education and Training (DCHET) Defence Medical Academy * Actively participating in RTS up to Oct 2018

31 RESPONDENT PROFILES – PHASE 1 Phase 1 Recruits

Number of respondents: Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Service Profile (%) Gender Profile (%)

100 12 88 88 85

48 15 12 12

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Male Female

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

32 RESPONDENT PROFILES – PHASE 1 Phase 1 Recruits

Number of respondents: Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Age Profile (%) Ethnicity Profile (%)

96 93 95 88 88 85 80 79

19 19 14 13 11 6 6 4

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

<18 yrs 18+ yrs White BAME*

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. *BAME = Black and Minority Ethnic, Respondents could state ‘I’d rather not say’: Army 1%, Royal Navy 1%, RAF 1%, Royal Marines *% 33 RESPONDENT PROFILES – PHASE 2 Phase 2 Trainees

Number of respondents: Total (5, 723), Army (2, 993), Royal Navy (1, 321), RAF (1, 353), Royal Marines (56)

Service Profile (%) Gender Profile (%)

100 1 89 91 24 85

52 15 11 8 0

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Male Female

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

34 RESPONDENT PROFILES – PHASE 2 Phase 2 Trainees

Number of respondents: Total (5, 723), Army (2, 993), Royal Navy (1, 321), RAF (1, 353), Royal Marines (56)

Age Profile (%) Ethnicity Profile (%)

99 93 94 95 92 90 91

7 6 6 7 7 5 2

Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines <18 yrs 18+ yrs White BAME*

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. *BAME = Black and Minority Ethnic, Respondents could state ‘I’d rather not say’: Army 1%, Royal Navy 2%, RAF 1%, Royal Marines 0% 35 Phase 1 Detailed findings

36 Recruitment and preparing for training

37 IMPORTANT JOINING FACTORS Phase 1 Recruits

12. How important were each of the following in your decision to join the Service?

Number of respondents: Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%) Key figures

Very important Fairly important Not very important Not at all important Don't know/No Answer To keep fit

To keep fit 57 34 6 Gain skills/qualifications 62 29 6 91% Challenge/adventure 53 38 6

Lifestyle appealed 51 39 8 To gain To travel 58 31 8 skills/qualifications Job security 50 36 10 To be a member of the Armed Services 49 37 11 91% Want to defend country 48 36 11 3

To do a specific job 47 37 10 5

To do sports 46 33 16 3 For challenge and

Salary 25 39 24 10 adventure

Family members/friends 29 29 23 16 3 Wanting to move away from home/current situation 18 22 27 30 3 91% No other job choices 9 15 25 43 8

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Answers ranked by % selecting top 2 boxes. 38 Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. IMPORTANT JOINING FACTORS Phase 1 Army Recruits

12. How important were each of the following in your decision to join the Service?

Number of respondents: Army (4,353)

Current year results (%) Key figures

Very important Fairly important Not very important Not at all important Don't know/No Answer To keep fit

To keep fit 62 32 4 Gain skills/qualifications 64 27 6 94% Challenge/adventure 52 38 6 3

To travel 56 33 8 To gain To be a member of the Armed Services 54 34 8 skills/qualifications Lifestyle appealed 47 41 8 3

To do a specific job 52 35 6 6 Want to defend country 52 33 10 91% Job security 51 35 10 3 To do sports 47 33 15 3 For challenge and Salary 29 38 24 7 3 adventure Family members/friends 34 28 21 13 4 Wanting to move away from home/current situation 21 22 25 27 4 90% No other job choices 12 17 24 38 9

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Answers ranked by % selecting top 2 boxes. 39 Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. IMPORTANT JOINING FACTORS Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits

12. How important were each of the following in your decision to join the Service?

Number of respondents: Royal Navy (1,619)

Current year results (%) Key figures

Very important Fairly important Not very important Not at all important Don't know/No Answer To gain skills/qualifications Gain skills/qualifications 69 25 4 Challenge/adventure 56 37 5 94% To travel 62 28 7

Lifestyle appealed 51 39 8 Job security 54 35 8 For challenge and To do a specific job 52 36 8 3 adventure

To keep fit 48 40 10 To be a member of the Armed Services 46 38 12 3 93% Want to defend country 45 40 11 3

Salary 33 47 15 4

To do sports 40 34 21 4 To travel

Family members/friends 24 30 25 18 3 Wanting to move away from home/current situation 16 20 27 33 3 90% No other job choices 8 13 25 46 7

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Answers ranked by % selecting top 2 boxes. 40 Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. IMPORTANT JOINING FACTORS Phase 1 RAF Recruits

12. How important were each of the following in your decision to join the Service?

Number of respondents: RAF (1,918)

Current year results (%) Key figures

Very important Fairly important Not very important Not at all important Don't know/No Answer To gain skills/qualifications Gain skills/qualifications 61 31 6 Lifestyle appealed 50 39 8 92% To travel 59 30 9

To keep fit 51 37 9

Challenge/adventure 46 42 8

Job security 52 35 10 Lifestyle appealed To do a specific job 43 42 9 4

To be a member of the Armed Services 44 38 14 3

Want to defend country 40 40 15 4 89%

To do sports 47 32 16 4

Salary 22 48 23 7

Family members/friends 25 32 23 17 3 To keep fit

Wanting to move away from home/current situation 17 21 28 32 No other job choices 7 16 25 46 6 88%

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Answers ranked by % selecting top 2 boxes. 41 Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. IMPORTANT JOINING FACTORS Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits

12. How important were each of the following in your decision to join the Service?

Number of respondents: Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%) Key figures

Very important Fairly important Not very important Not at all important Don't know/No Answer Lifestyle appealed

Lifestyle appealed 64 31 3 To keep fit 65 30 4 95% Challenge/adventure 65 30 3

To travel 62 29 7

Want to defend country 52 33 10 3

To do sports 49 35 11 3 To keep fit

Gain skills/qualifications 40 41 15 3 To be a member of the Armed Services 39 42 14 4 95% Job security 38 41 16 3

To do a specific job 25 37 26 6 5 Challenge/adventure Family members/friends 18 27 30 22 3

Wanting to move away from home/current situation 11 23 31 34

Salary 5 17 41 35 3 95%

No other job choices 4 10 25 54 7

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Answers ranked by % selecting top 2 boxes. 42 Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. WHERE LEARNT ABOUT CAREERS IN ARMED FORCES Phase 1 Recruits 13. Where did you learn about careers in the Armed Forces?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%)

70 57 58 56 60 55 55 53 50 44 45 45 41 43 41 404038 4039 39 38 40 35 3637 3432 29 30 2424 21 20 20 1717 19 1919 19 20 14 151614 1516 15 11 10 1110 12 1111 10 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Friends / family that have served AFCO, ACIO, RNCIO * Internet/websites/social media Armed Forces Advertising TV/News/Films/Books Recruitment fairs Military shows School visits from service personnel In the Cadets Site visits/ guided tours Youth Organisations Other

Key figures • The aspect that most recruits indicated as the key source to learn about careers in the Armed Forces was friends and family that have served (57%). This was evident across all the Services. • TV/News/Films/Books was the second top source of information for careers among Royal Marines, at 53%, and thus higher than for the other Services.

* Answer option in questionnaire is: Armed Forces Careers Information Office (AFCO), Army Careers Information Office (ACIO), Royal Navy Careers Information Office (RNCIO)

43 WHAT MOST INFLUENCED DECISION TO JOIN ARMED FORCES Phase 1 Recruits 13b. What most influenced your decision to join the Armed Forces?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%)

50 45 45 41 39 39 40 36 35 30 25 19 20 12 1213 12 15 11 1110 11 10 11 9 8 9 8 9 10 7 7 6 6 6 7 6 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 5 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Friends / family that have served Internet/websites/social media AFCO, ACIO, RNCIO * TV/News/Films/Books In the Cadets Armed Forces Advertising Recruitment fairs School visits from service personnel Military shows Site visits/ guided tours Youth Organisations Other

Key figures • This is a new question introduced for 2019-20. • By a substantial margin, the aspect that most influenced recruits in their decision to join the Armed Forces was friends and family that have served (41%). This was evident across all the Services.

* Answer option in questionnaire is: Armed Forces Careers Information Office (AFCO), Army Careers Information Office (ACIO), Royal Navy Careers Information Office (RNCIO)

44 WHERE LEARNT ABOUT CAREERS IN ARMED FORCES Phase 1 Army Recruits 13c. Did you attend or take part in any of these Army/Armed Forces activities or events before you joined?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 Army recruits): Army (4, 353)

Current year results (%)

60 50 50 Session with careers advisor

40 Armed Forces visits at school Military open day 30 Formal work experience with the Armed Forces 17 16 20 County show at which the Armed Forces were present 11 9 10 7 6 Other 3 I did not attend any of these events 0 Army Can’t remember

Key figures • This is a new question introduced for 2019-20 and is only asked of Army recruits. • Exactly half (50%) had not attended any Army/Armed Forces activities or events before joining. The most common events attended were session with careers advisor (17%) and Armed Forces visits at school (16%).

* Question only asked for Army 45 SATISFACTION WITH RECRUITMENT PROCESS Phase 1 Recruits KPI2. Overall how satisfied were you with the recruitment process?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very satisfied’ or ‘fairly satisfied’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 18 47 20 11 5 Royal Army 18 44 19 13 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 21 50 20 7 Comparison RAF 15 51 20 11 3 with previous year RM 18 47 22 9 4

Very satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Very unsatisfied Fairly satisfied Unsatisfied Don’t know

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 Army • Army recruits were more satisfied with the 60 RN recruitment process in 2019-20 than in 2018-19; the level of satisfaction increased from 56% to 61% in 40 RAF

% Positive 2019-20. 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 57 67 73 56 61 RN 80 77 74 73 71 RAF 71 72 74 67 66 RM 64 65

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%)

100 87 88 90 85 80 67 70 60 46 50 40 33 40 29 30 2220 20 23 23 16 18 19 20 8 6 6 6 8 5 5 6 5 7 6 8 6 6 5 8 10 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Armed Forces Recruiting Office (AFCO) Selection Centre Information from unit Army Careers Information Office (ACIO) Short pre-joining course at training unit The RNAC during PRNC or Corp Colonel during PRMC Royal Navy Careers Information Office (RNCIO) Familiarisation visit Other No answer

Key figures • Once accepted into the Armed Forces, recruits were most likely to get their information from the Armed Forces Recruiting Office (AFCO) (67%). • Use of the AFCO was particularly high amongst Royal Navy, RAF and Royal Marine recruits (87%, 88% and 85% respectively).

Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. PRNC = Pre Royal Navy Course, PRMC= Pre Royal Marines Course

47 INFORMATION PRIOR TO ARRIVAL: PREPARING FOR PHYSICAL DEMANDS Phase 1 Recruits 15. Please indicate your agreement with each of the following statements: The information I was given prior to arrival… Enabled me to prepare myself well enough for the physical demands of the course Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 26 52 14 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 26 49 16 7 Marines RN 30 54 11 5 Comparison with previous RAF 24 55 14 6 year RM 25 54 14 5

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

80 Army RN 60

40 RAF RM 20 % Positive 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 71 72 77 77 73 75 RN 80 79 80 79 81 84 RAF 81 79 77 79 79 79 RM 82 79

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Royal Marines results are to be reported separately; • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years results for 2018-19 have also been restated. Royal Navy • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 48 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 INFORMATION PRIOR TO ARRIVAL: ACCURATE PICTURE OF WHAT LIFE WOULD BE LIKE Phase 1 Recruits 15. Please indicate your agreement with each of the following statements: The information I was given prior to arrival… Gave me an accurate picture of what life would be like at unit Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 12 36 30 18 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 16 35 28 17 3 Marines RN 13 40 30 15 Comparison with previous RAF 7 36 34 20 3 year RM 9 34 32 20 4

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100 Army 80 RN 60 RAF 40 RM

% Positive 20

0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 43 45 47 52 49 50 RN 47 49 47 52 52 52 RAF 51 51 46 47 42 42 RM 50 43

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 49 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 Phase 1 Recruits INFORMATION PRIOR TO ARRIVAL: ACCURATE INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT TRAINING INVOLVED 15. Please indicate your agreement with each of the following statements: The information I was given prior to arrival… Provided me with useful and accurate information about what the training involved Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 16 46 23 11 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 19 44 23 11 Marines RN 18 50 22 9 Comparison with previous RAF 12 47 26 13 year RM 14 49 23 12

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 Army • In 2019-20, Royal Air Force recruits were less likely to agree that the information given prior to arrival 60 RN provided them with useful and accurate information 40 RAF about what the training involved. This dropped from 20 64% in 2018-19 to 59% in 2019-20. % Positive RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 55 56 60 64 61 63 RN 61 62 62 66 67 67 RAF 67 68 64 67 64 59 RM 73 63

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 50 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 INFORMATION PRIOR TO ARRIVAL: ACCURATE INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT KIT TO PACK Phase 1 Recruits 15. Please indicate your agreement with each of the following statements: The information I was given prior to arrival… Provided me with useful and accurate information about what kit and equipment to pack Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 22 40 17 15 5 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 22 38 17 17 6 Marines RN 23 47 16 11 Comparison with previous RAF 24 44 15 13 4 year RM 14 35 21 21 8

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 2018-19 2019-20 RM Army 61 59 RN 72 70 RAF 68 68 RM 53 49

Please note this question was not introduced until 2018-19 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 51 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 Facilities and amenities

52 RATING: STANDARD OF LIVING ACCOMMODATION Phase 1 Recruits 23. How would you rate each of the following: Standard of living accommodation

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or ‘good’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 10 41 29 14 5 Royal Army 17 51 21 8 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 4 41 38 13 3 Comparison RAF 26 36 25 11 with previous year RM 3 30 36 23 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army and Royal Air Force recruits rating the standard of living accommodation as ‘very good’ or Army 60 ‘good’ decreased in 2019-20. RN 40 • For Army recruits this dropped from 75% in 2018- % Positive 20 RAF 19 to 68% in 2019-20. For Royal Air Force recruits this dropped from 38% in 2018-19 to 33% in 2019- 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 20 Army 81 76 74 72 75 68 RN 42 50 51 46 44 45 RAF 52 44 49 49 37 28 RM 38 33

Total 8 32 30 20 8 3 Royal Army 11 40 28 14 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 5 28 33 21 8 4 Comparison RAF 4 21 30 28 14 3 with previous year RM 4 28 32 26 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 51 54 54 51 51 51 RN 30 38 34 35 35 33 RAF 27 35 33 27 28 25 RM 37 32

Total 16 45 22 9 3 5 Royal Army 20 48 20 7 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 21 55 15 4 4 Comparison RAF 4 36 31 14 7 9 with previous year RM 13 33 26 11 6 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army recruits rating sports facilities as ‘very good’

60 Army or ‘good’ increased to 68% in 2019-20 from 63% in 2018-19. 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 64 66 64 64 63 68 RN 79 77 77 75 78 76 RAF 51 51 41 39 38 40 RM 50 47

Total 38 46 8 5 Royal Army 38 47 8 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 39 48 7 4 Comparison RAF 37 45 8 8 with previous year RM 37 47 9 3 4

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 84 87 86 84 84 RN 92 92 91 90 87 87 RAF 91 86 83 80 80 82 RM 90 84

Total 41 44 8 6 Royal Army 41 43 8 6 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 43 45 6 4 Comparison RAF 39 45 8 6 with previous year RM 38 43 8 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 86 88 88 85 84 RN 89 88 87 87 88 87 RAF 88 83 88 80 83 84 RM 81 81

Total 9 42 30 13 4 Royal Army 12 41 28 13 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 10 48 28 11 Comparison RAF 6 47 30 13 3 with previous year RM 4 30 39 21 5

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army recruits rating time for essential personal

60 Army administration as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ fell to 52% in 2019-20 from 55% in 2018-19. 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 52 50 58 57 55 52 RN 48 52 50 55 61 58 RAF 47 40 38 48 51 53 RM 40 34

Total 8 30 29 15 7 12 Royal Army 9 26 29 16 8 13 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 6 29 30 16 8 12 Comparison RAF 7 34 29 12 5 14 with previous year RM 9 42 26 12 5 6

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army and Royal Navy recruits rating access to IT for personal use as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ decreased 60 Army in 2019-20. 40 RN • For Army recruits this dropped from 47% in 2018- % Positive 20 RAF 19 to 35% in 2019-20. For Royal Navy recruits this dropped from 42% in 2018-19 to 35% in 2019-20 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 50 43 43 44 47 35 RN 54 55 53 46 42 35 RAF 58 54 47 56 41 41 RM 51 51

Total 20 42 18 12 5 3 Royal Army 21 43 18 11 5 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 9 34 26 16 8 7 Comparison RAF 30 48 12 8 with previous year RM 13 41 20 18 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army and Royal Navy recruits rating internet access as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ decreased in 2019- 60 Army 20. 40 RN • For Army recruits this dropped from 75% in 2018- % Positive 20 RAF 19 to 64% in 2019-20. For Royal Navy recruits this dropped from 59% in 2018-19 to 43% in 2019-20. 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 55 69 69 73 75 64 RN 38 47 67 63 59 43 RAF 43 33 22 65 74 77 RM 65 54

Total 7 25 30 11 5 22 Royal Army 9 25 29 10 5 22 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 5 25 32 14 5 20 Comparison RAF 5 20 30 10 4 31 with previous year RM 9 35 28 10 5 14

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army and Royal Navy recruits rating the learning centre to study after hours as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ 60 Army decreased in 2019-20. 40 RN • For Army recruits this dropped from 41% in 2018- % Positive 20 RAF 19 to 34% in 2019-20. For Royal Navy recruits this dropped from 35% in 2018-19 to 30% in 2019-20 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 RM Army 35 35 36 38 41 34 RN 44 45 47 41 35 30 RAF 30 23 23 33 29 25 RM 45 44

Total 9 32 21 21 14 3 Royal Army 12 33 20 19 14 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 9 38 25 18 7 3 Comparison RAF 6 32 22 24 12 4 with previous year RM 4 19 18 31 26

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~ • A mix pattern of changes for laundry facilities, with

80 a fall in ratings amongst Army recruits, but an uplift in ratings for Royal Navy and RAF recruits. 60 Army • Army recruits rating laundry facilities as ‘very good’ 40 RN or ‘good’ decreased to 45% in 2019-20 from 61% in

% Positive 2018-19. 20 RAF • Royal Navy recruits rating laundry facilities as ‘very 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 good’ or ‘good’ increased to 46% in 2019-20 from Army 51 55 47 61 45 41% in 2018-19. Whilst the similar figures for Royal RN 44 38 41 41 46 Air Force were 38%, up from 25% in 2018-19. RAF 16 23 26 25 38 RM 37 23

Total 26 55 13 4 Royal Army 29 54 12 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 22 58 14 5 Comparison RAF 31 53 10 3 with previous year RM 14 55 22 6

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army recruits were less satisfied with personal kit in 2019-20 than in 2018-19. 83% of Army recruits 60 Army thought personal kit was ‘very good’ or ‘good’ in 40 RN 2019-20, down from 86% in 2018-19. % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 84 85 86 86 83 RN 78 77 81 78 80 RAF 89 88 91 87 85 RM 74 69

Total 26 57 12 Royal Army 30 56 10 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 29 60 9 Comparison RAF 18 57 18 3 3 with previous year RM 23 58 13

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 88 88 87 86 RN 89 87 85 86 88 RAF 82 82 79 78 75 RM 85 81

Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 64 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 RATING: FOOD Phase 1 Recruits 23. How would you rate each of the following: Food

Total 4 21 26 23 24 Royal Army 6 22 25 22 23 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 14 25 25 33 Comparison RAF 3 25 29 24 18 with previous year RM 20 25 25 27

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army recruits rating the food as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ decreased to 28% in 2019-20, from 35% in 60 Army 2018-19. 40 RN • Ratings also fell amongst Royal Air Force recruits, % Positive 20 RAF with 29% rating food as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ in 0 RM 2019-20, down from 35% in 2018-19. 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 39 38 34 35 28 RN 24 19 20 12 16 RAF 36 41 25 35 29 RM 22 22

Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 65 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 WHETHER GIVEN ENOUGH TIME TO EAT MEALS Phase 1 Recruits 27. Were you given enough time to eat your meals?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘often’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 11 39 40 9 Royal Army 13 37 40 8 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 6 40 43 9 Comparison RAF 18 46 30 6 with previous year RM 29 51 15

Always Sometimes Never Often Rarely No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Army recruits were less likely to say they were 60 ‘always’ or ‘often’ given enough time to eat their Army meals in 2019-20 at 50% than in 2018-19 at 63%. 40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 RM Army 50 48 52 56 63 50 RN 45 45 41 41 42 47 RAF 66 61 55 55 62 64 RM 30 31

67 LEARNING NEEDS AND DIFFICULTIES Phase 1 Recruits QX - Do you have any of the following specific learning needs or difficulties?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who indicate that they have a specific learning difficulty

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 12 74 12 Royal Army 14 71 13 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 9 79 10 Comparison RAF 10 78 10 with previous year RM 15 73 11

Yes No Don't Know Prefer not to say/No answer

Trend 100 Note: The structure of this question changed in 2018/19 RN/RM reported separately~ 80 to capture the specific type of learning difficulty. The ‘yes’ is calculated by aggregating all recruits identifying that they have a specific learning difficulty. Army 60 RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 11 10 12 14 14 RN 5 7 7 8 9 RAF 8 9 10 9 10 RM 13 15 Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 68 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 LEARNING NEEDS AND DIFFICULTIES Phase 1 Recruits Demog6b. Did you tell the staff at [unit] that you had a learning need or difficulty?

Number of respondents (all who have learning needs or difficulties): Total (1,100), Army (595), Royal Navy (145), RAF (194), Royal Marines (166) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 72 28 Royal Army 72 28 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 65 35 Comparison RAF 77 23 with previous year RM 70 30

Yes No

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

60 Army RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 80 78 75 70 72 RN 87 88 87 56 65 RAF 78 78 84 83 77 RM 82 70

Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 69 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 SUPPORT WITH LEARNING NEEDS AND DIFFICULTIES Phase 1 Recruits Demog6c. Did you have all the support required for your learning need or difficulty?

Number of respondents (learning needs or difficulties and reported it): Total (788), Army (429), Royal Navy (94), RAF (149), Royal Marines (116) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 77 23 Royal Army 77 23 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 76 24 Comparison RAF 82 18 with previous year RM 72 28

Yes No

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 Army 60 RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 79 78 79 83 77 RN 89 89 82 67 76 RAF 91 96 85 82 82 RM 82 72

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 70 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 OPPORTUNITY TO TALK PRIVATELY WITH TRAINING STAFF Phase 1 Recruits 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to… Talk privately with training staff Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or ‘good’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 40 40 12 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 36 43 13 4 Marines

RN 44 41 9 3 Comparison with previous RAF 58 34 4 year RM 20 41 23 9 4

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Against 2018-19, there was a fall in ratings for the opportunity to talk privately with training staff for 60 Army Army recruits. 40 RN RAF • Army recruits rating the opportunity to talk privately 20 % Positive with training staff as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ RM 0 decreased to 79% compared with 82% in 2018-19. 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 76 76 81 80 82 79 RN 80 80 80 77 85 85 RAF 92 92 92 92 90 92 RM 69 62

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 71 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 OPPORTUNITY TO TALK PRIVATELY WITH CHAPLAINS/PADRE Phase 1 Recruits 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to … Talk privately with Chaplains/Padre Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or ‘good’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 36 39 13 11 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 37 39 12 10 Marines

RN 38 38 11 10 Comparison with previous RAF 32 34 15 15 year RM 33 47 12 6

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 75 77 79 74 75 76 RN 84 84 84 82 80 76 RAF 75 82 76 66 63 67 RM 82 80

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 72 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 OPPORTUNITY TO KEEP IN CONTACT WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS Phase 1 Recruits 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to …Keep in contact with family and friends Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or ‘good’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 30 45 16 7 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 35 46 13 5 Marines

RN 16 42 24 14 4 Comparison with previous RAF 38 43 13 5 year RM 17 49 23 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Royal Navy recruits rating the opportunity to keep in contact with family and friends as ‘very good’ or 60 Army ‘good’ decreased in 2019-20 to 57% compared with 40 RN 74% in 2018-19 20 RAF % Positive

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 79 81 85 84 82 80 RN 71 68 73 72 74 57 RAF 72 66 61 79 80 80 RM 62 66

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 73 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 OPPORTUNITY TO PRACTISE YOUR FAITH/RELIGION Phase 1 Recruits 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to …Practise your faith/religion Number of respondents (all respondents who have a faith/religion and practise it): Total (1,184), Army (758), Royal Navy (231), RAF (109), Royal Marines (86) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or ‘good’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 39 37 13 5 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 46 36 10 4 Marines

RN 34 38 15 6 5 3 Comparison with previous RAF 22 39 20 6 10 4 year RM 20 42 21 12 5

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~ Note: Base for this question changed from all respondents to those who have a faith/religion and 80 practise it in the year 2017

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 44 56 57 86 83 82 RN 39 47 50 70 80 72 RAF 20 35 31 53 56 61 RM 71 62

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 74 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 AVAILABILITY OF STAFF FOR PROBLEMS OUT OF TRAINING HOURS Phase 1 Recruits 31a. Whether or not you needed to, was there a member of staff easily available for you to go to if you had a problem out of training hours? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 91 7 Royal Army 90 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 96 3 Comparison RAF 93 6 with previous year RM 87 11

Yes No No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits who indicated that a member of staff was easily available for them to go to if they had a 60 Army problem out of training hours, decreased in 2019-20 RN 40 to 90% compared with 91% in 2018-19. 20 RAF % Positive

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 91 91 92 91 91 90 RN 93 94 93 92 95 96 RAF 96 95 94 94 94 93 RM 90 87

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 75 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 SOMEONE TO GO TO FOR PERSONAL OR EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS Phase 1 Recruits 32a. Whether or not you needed to, did you have someone at unit that you were happy to go to if you had any personal or emotional problems? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 89 9 3 Royal Army 88 9 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 91 6 3 Comparison RAF 92 7 with previous year RM 83 13 4

Yes No No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 89 90 89 88 88 RN 91 91 91 88 90 91 RAF 94 93 92 93 91 92 RM 84 83

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 76 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 SOMEONE TO GO TO FOR ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS Phase 1 Recruits 33a. Whether or not you needed to, if you had any problems with administration (pay, posting, JPA etc.) was there someone to help you deal with them? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 90 7 Royal Army 89 8 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 93 6 Comparison RAF 90 8 with previous year RM 92 6

Yes No No answer

RN/RM reported separately~ Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 93 92 93 91 90 89 RN 92 92 91 91 90 93 RAF 95 92 91 92 91 90 RM 89 92

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 77 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 OPPORTUNITY TO RAISE ALL CONCERNS WITH PERSON IN AUTHORITY Phase 1 Recruits 34a. Whether or not you needed to, did you feel that you had the opportunity to raise all your concerns with a person in authority at unit? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 89 9 Royal Army 87 10 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 93 5 Comparison RAF 93 6 with previous year RM 82 16

Yes No No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits who indicated that they felt that they had the opportunity to raise all their concerns with a 60 Army person in authority at unit, decreased in 2019-20 to 40 RN 87% compared with 89% in 2018-19. 20 RAF % Positive

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 90 89 89 89 87 RN 91 89 90 90 93 93 RAF 94 91 93 92 91 93 RM 87 82

79 AWARENESS OF HOW TO COMPLAIN ABOUT POOR OR UNFAIR TREATMENT OR BULLYING Phase 1 Recruits 35. Do you know how to complain about poor or unfair treatment or bullying at unit?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 84 12 4

Army 83 12 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 90 7 Comparison RAF 90 7 3 with previous RM 66 28 6 year

Yes No Do not wish to answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who knew how to Army complain about poor or unfair treatment or bullying 60 RN at their unit fell in 2019-20 to 83% compared with

% Yes 40 88% in 2018-19. RAF 20 RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 90 89 89 88 88 83 RN 90 89 89 86 91 90 RAF 94 91 92 92 91 90 RM 76 66

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 80 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 KNOWLEDGE OF SERVICE COMPLAINTS OMBUDSMAN Phase 1 Recruits 31. Do you know how the Services Complaints Ombudsman can help you with a discrimination, harassment and/or bullying complaint? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes, fully’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 30 40 10 20 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 33 39 9 19 Marines

RN 33 41 9 17 Comparison with previous RAF 26 44 8 23 year RM 21 34 20 25

Yes, fully To some extent No, not at all Haven't heard of the Service Complaints Commissioner

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits who fully knew how the Services Complaints Ombudsman can help them with a 60 Army discrimination, harassment and/or bullying 40 RN complaint decreased in 2019-20 to 33% compared 20 RAF with 39% in 2018-19. % Positive

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 40 39 36 38 39 33 RN 35 37 38 37 36 33 RAF 23 24 28 30 27 26 RM 27 21

Total 54 10 33 3

Army 56 12 29 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 63 8 27 3 Comparison RAF 54 9 36 with previous RM 39 9 50 year

Yes No I don't know Do not wish to answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army and Royal Air Force recruits agreeing that complaints were generally dealt with in a fair 60 Army manner at their unit decreased in 2019-20. 40 % Yes RN • For Army recruits this dropped to 56% in 2019-20 20 RAF from 62% in 2018-19. 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 • For Royal Air Force recruits this dropped to 54% in Army 58 62 63 61 62 56 2019-20 from 58% in 2018-19. RN 63 64 65 64 62 63 RAF 54 58 58 64 58 54 RM 51 39

Number of respondents (all respondents who said that they did not feel complaints are dealt with in a fair manner): Total (897), Army (505), Royal Navy (127), RAF (166), Royal Marines (99) Current year results (%)

70 62 58 60 50 51 47 50 44 45 46 44 41 38 38 38 39 40 36 35 35 37 30 31 28 27 30 25 24 23 24 21 20 21 20 22 22 18 17 17 19 19 20 16 14 14 11 8 8 9 7 9 7 10 6 6 4

0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines People are not believed/taken seriously If you complain it causes you problems on the course Nothing is ever done about complaints Insufficient review of complaints People who complain are considered troublemakers Higher ranks are always taken more seriously Not treated in a confidential manner Complaining is bad for your career Other reason(s) Do not wish to answer

Key figures • The most common reason given by recruits for saying that complaints are not dealt with in a fair manner was that people are not believed or taken seriously (50% of all recruits), followed by complaining causes problems on the course (38%) and the perception that nothing is ever done about complaints (38%). • The rank order of these three reasons varies by Service.

83 FAIR TREATMENT OF TRAINEES Phase 1 Recruits 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: Trainees were all treated fairly

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘most of the time’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 32 44 18 4 Royal Army 33 43 19 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 34 46 16 3 Comparison RAF 34 46 16 3 with previous year RM 20 43 26 8

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer this question

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits indicating that trainees were all Army treated fairly as ‘always’ or ‘most of the time’ 60 RN decreased in 2019-20 to 76% compared with 82% 40 in 2018-19. RAF 20

% Positive • . 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 77 81 80 82 76 RN 77 78 76 81 81 RAF 78 79 83 80 81 RM 70 63

Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 84 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 FAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: I was treated fairly

Total 49 36 11 Royal Army 46 37 12 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 58 34 7 Comparison RAF 58 33 7 with previous year RM 34 44 17 3

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer this question

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits answering ‘always’ or ‘most of the Army time’ to the statement ‘I was treated fairly’ 60 RN decreased in 2019-20 to 83%, from 87% in 2018- 40 19. RAF 20 % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 83 85 88 86 87 83 RN 89 86 88 89 92 92 RAF 91 89 89 92 90 91 RM 83 78

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 85 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 SEXUAL OR RACIAL HARASSMENT DURING TRAINING Phase 1 Recruits 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: Training was conducted without sexual or racial harassment Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘most of the time’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 82 12 4 Royal Army 79 12 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 81 13 3 Comparison RAF 89 7 with previous year RM 78 15 4

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer this question

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits indicating that training was conducted Army without sexual or racial harassment ‘always’ or 60 RN ‘most of the time’ decreased in 2019-20 to 91%, 40 compared with 95% in 2018-19. RAF 20 % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 93 94 95 94 95 91 RN 95 96 95 96 96 95 RAF 97 96 97 97 97 96 RM 92 93

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) Comments and significant differences based on proportion saying ‘yes’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 6 86 8

Army 7 84 9 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 3 93 4 Comparison RAF 4 89 6 with previous RM 8 81 11 year

Yes No Do not wish to answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits agreeing that they were treated badly Army or unfairly by staff whilst at unit was higher in 2019- 60 RN 20 at 7% than in 2018-19 at 5%. 40 % Yes RAF 20

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 8 5 4 5 5 7 RN 5 4 3 3 3 3 RAF 3 3 2 2 4 4 RM 5 8

Total 7 86 7

Army 8 84 8 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 6 87 7 Comparison RAF 5 90 5 with previous RM 4 88 7 year

Yes No Do not wish to answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits agreeing that they were badly or Army unfairly treated by other trainees whilst at unit 60 RN increased in 2019-20 to 8% from 6% in 2018-19. 40 % Yes 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 8 6 6 6 6 8 RN 6 4 3 4 5 6 RAF 4 5 4 3 6 5 RM 3 4

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 88 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 WHETHER BADLY OR UNFAIRLY TREATED BY OTHER TRAINEES OR STAFF Phase 1 Recruits 41a. Do you believe that you were badly or unfairly treated by other recruits whilst at unit?* 41b. Do you believe that you were badly or unfairly treated by the staff whilst at unit?* Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) Comments and significant differences based on proportion saying ‘yes’ to bad/unfair treatment by other recruits and/or staff Current year results (%) Differences

Total 10 86 3

Army 12 84 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 8 90 Comparison RAF 8 90 with previous RM 10 85 5 year

Yes No Do not wish to answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • Army recruits agreeing that they were treated badly Army or unfairly by other recruits or staff whilst at unit 60 RN increased in 2019-20 to 12%, from 10% in 2018-19. 40 % Yes RAF 20

0 RM Note: 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 • This analysis is based on a combination of the 2 Army 13 9 8 9 10 12 questions asking whether recruits have been badly RN 9 7 5 6 7 8 or unfairly treated by either other recruits and/or RAF 6 7 6 5 9 8 staff whilst at unit RM 6 10

~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 89 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Army Recruits Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 1 Army recruits (4,353) Number of respondents asked the question (all Army Phase 1 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (309), By Trainees (355) Equivalent number Current year results (% all recruits) of recruits Key figures 2.7% 120 Made fun of and humiliated 3.5% 155 • Results are displayed as a percentage of all recruits. 2.4% 105 Verbally abused Figures have been rounded up to 3.5% 155 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 2.0% Intimidated 90 or fewer are suppressed, in line 2.1% 90 with Defence Statistics’ rounding 2.0% policy. These figures are Picked on 90 2.6% 115 denoted by ~. 1.3% Victimised 55 • Key: 1.3% 60 ~ (5 or less respondents) 0.6% - (0 respondents) Physically abused 30 0.8% 35 0.3% Racially harassed 15 0.6% 30 ~ Sexually harassed ~ 0.1% 10 1.1% 50 Something else 0.7% 35 1.9% 85 Do not wish to answer 2.1% 95 Staff Other recruits

90 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 1 Royal Navy recruits (1,619) Number of respondents asked the question (all Navy Phase 1 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (49), By Trainees (93) Equivalent number Current year results (% all recruits) of recruits Key figures 0.8% 15 Made fun of and humiliated 2.8% 45 • Results are displayed as a percentage of all recruits. 0.4% 10 Picked on Figures have been rounded up to 2.6% 45 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 0.7% Verbally abused 15 or fewer are suppressed, in line 2.3% 40 with Defence Statistics’ rounding 1.0% policy. These figures are Intimidated 20 1.4% 25 denoted by ~. ~ Victimised ~ • Key: 0.8% 15 ~ (5 or less respondents) ~ - (0 respondents) Physically abused ~ ~ ~ ~ Racially harassed ~ ~ ~ - Sexually harassed - ~ ~ 0.9% Something else 15 0.7% 15 0.7% 15 Do not wish to answer 0.8% 15 Staff Other recruits

91 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 RAF Recruits Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 1 RAF recruits (1,918) Number of respondents asked the question (all RAF Phase 1 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (78), By Trainees (105) Equivalent number Current year results (% all recruits) of recruits Key figures 1.1% 25 Made fun of and humiliated 2.5% 50 • Results are displayed as a percentage of all recruits. 1.0% 20 Verbally abused Figures have been rounded up to 2.0% 40 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 1.0% Picked on 20 or fewer are suppressed, in line 2.0% 40 with Defence Statistics’ rounding 1.1% policy. These figures are Intimidated 25 1.1% 25 denoted by ~. 0.8% Victimised 15 • Key: 1.2% 25 ~ (5 or less respondents) ~ - (0 respondents) Sexually harassed ~ ~ ~ ~ Physically abused ~ ~ ~ ~ Racially harassed ~ ~ ~ 1.3% Something else 25 1.0% 20 0.7% Do not wish to answer 15 0.9% 20 Staff Other recruits

92 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 1 Royal Marines recruits (1,108) Number of respondents asked the question (all Royal Marines Phase 1 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (139), By Trainees (48) Equivalent number Current year results (% all recruits) of recruits Key figures 3.7% 45 Made fun of and humiliated 2.1% 25 • Results are displayed as a percentage of all recruits. 3.6% 40 Verbally abused Figures have been rounded up to 1.8% 20 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 3.5% Picked on 40 or fewer are suppressed, in line 1.5% 20 with Defence Statistics’ rounding 3.3% Intimidated 40 policy. These figures are 0.9% 10 denoted by ~. 2.3% Victimised 30 • Key: 0.8% 10 ~ (5 or less respondents) - - (0 respondents) Sexually harassed - - - 1.2% Physically abused 15 ~ ~ ~ Racially harassed ~ - - 1.2% Something else 15 ~ ~ 1.5% Do not wish to answer 20 1.4% 20 Staff Other recruits

93 FREQUENCY OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q103-Staff. Generally speaking, how often would you say you were badly or unfairly treated by staff? Q103-Trainees. Generally speaking, how often would you say you were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees? Number of respondents (Phase 1 badly/ unfairly treated by staff): Total (526), Army (309), Royal Navy (49), RAF (78), Royal Marines (90) Number of respondents (Phase 1 badly/ unfairly treated by other trainees): Total (601), Army (355), Royal Navy (93), RAF (105), Royal Marines (48)

How often unfairly treated by staff

Total 18 32 29 21 Army 16 29 34 21

Royal Navy 33 41 8 18 RAF 27 41 21 12 RM 11 29 31 29

Just once 2-5 times More than 5 times Do not wish to answer

How often unfairly treated by other trainees

Total 13 30 36 21

Army 14 24 35 26 Royal Navy 12 39 38 12 RAF 8 39 39 14

RM 17 33 31 19

Just once 2-5 times More than 5 times Do not wish to answer

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. 94 ACTION TAKEN AS A RESULT OF BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q104-Staff. Which of the following did you do following the bad or unfair treatment you experienced?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by staff): Total (526), Army (309), Royal Navy (49), RAF (78), Royal Marines (90) Current year results (%)

60 53 54 53 53 50 45

40 35 37 32 33 29 30 2625 23 22 20 18 20 15 16 12 14 14 12 14 10 8 9 8 9 10 6 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 5 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Nothing Spoke to friends/family Spoke to fellow trainee Spoke to member of military staff Spoke to Padre/Chaplain Made formal complaint Made informal complaint Spoke to member of civilian staff Something else Do not wish to answer

Key figures • The most common action taken by around half of recruits who believed they experienced bad or unfair treatment from staff was to do nothing (53%). Following this, the proportion taking other types of action drops and the next most common actions were speaking to friends and family (26%) and speaking to a fellow trainee (25%). • It should be noted that 14% chose not to answer.

95 ACTION TAKEN AS A RESULT OF BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q104-Trainees. Which of the following did you do following the bad or unfair treatment you experienced?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees): Total (601), Army (355), Royal Navy (93), RAF (105), Royal Marines (48) Current year results (%)

60 48 50 41 42 41 40 37 323333 29 29 31 30 25 25 25 23 21 18 19 20 16 15 15 11 111113 12 11 9 9 8 8 8 10 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 4 3 5 4 5 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Nothing Spoke to fellow trainee Spoke to friends/family Spoke to member of military staff Made formal complaint Made informal complaint Spoke to Padre/Chaplain Spoke to member of civilian staff Something else Do not wish to answer

Key figures • For those who experienced bad or unfair treatment from other trainees the most common action was to do nothing (41%), followed by speaking to a fellow trainee (29%) and speaking to friends and family (25%). • Overall around one in every ten recruits (9%) of recruits made a formal complaint following bad or unfair treatment experienced from other trainees. • Findings vary across the Services and at a total level 15% chose not to answer.

96 PERCEIVED REASON FOR BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q105-Staff. Why do you think you were badly or unfairly treated by staff?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by staff): Total (526), Army (309), Royal Navy (49), RAF (78), Royal Marines (90) Current year results (%)

60 53 50 45 46 39 40 32 29 30 21 21 23 18 18 20 17 15 13 14 12 101010 10 10 10 10 9 9 11 10 7 7 6 6 6 7 7 3 3 3 4 5 5 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Your race, colour or ethnic origin Where you come from Your social background/ class Your age Your sex Your religion Your sexual orientation Something else Do not wish to answer Don't know

Key figures • Across the Services many recruits who experienced bad or unfair treatment from staff claim they do not know why (39%). • When citing a reason the most common are race, colour or ethnic origin (10%), where they come from (10%) and social background (10%). • It should be noted that 17% choose not to answer.

97 PERCEIVED REASON FOR BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q105-Trainees. Why do you think you were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees): Total (601), Army (355), Royal Navy (93), RAF (105), Royal Marines (48) Current year results (%)

50 46 45 40 40 33 35 31 29 30 26 25 25 21 20 20 18 1818 19 19 20 1716 17 14 15 14 15 14 14 1312 13 15 10 10 8 8 10 7 6 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 2 3 2 3 2 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines Where you come from Your social background/ class Your race, colour or ethnic origin Your age Your religion Your sex Your sexual orientation Something else Do not wish to answer Don't know

Key figures • Across the Services many recruits who experienced bad or unfair treatment from other trainees claim they do not know why (33%). • When citing a reason the most common are where they come from (18%), social background (14%), race, colour or ethnic origin (13%) and age (12%). • It should be noted that 18% choose not to answer.

98 REASON FOR NOT COMPLAINING ABOUT BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q106-Staff. If you did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment, why was this?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated and did not make a complaint): Total (485), Army (282), Royal Navy (45), RAF (72), Royal Marines (86) Current year results (%)

50 45 39 40 40 31 29 29 30 29 29 30 27 27 27 30 25 26 2423 24 23 23 23 21 2121 22 22 19 2020 19 1817 18 18 18 18 20 151515 1516 16 15 15 1414 14 14 13 13 14 13 12 11 11 11 11 11 9 10 10 7 6 7 6 4 5 2 2 3 3 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines I did not believe anything would be done if I did complain I thought it would cause problems on the course I did not think people would believe me/take me seriously I thought that it would be repeated or get worse I thought it would be bad for my career I did not know what to do It was too difficult I did not know who to complain to I thought I would be considered a troublemaker I considered the incident(s) to be too minor to report I did not want to go through the complaints procedure I was persuaded not to Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • A mix of reasons were selected for why recruits did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment from staff. • The top reasons were that they did not believe anything would be done (29%) and they thought it would cause problems on the course (29%). • It should be noted that 27% choose not to answer.

99 REASON FOR NOT COMPLAINING ABOUT BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 1 Recruits Q106-Trainees. If you did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment, why was this?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who said they were badly or unfairly treated and did not make a complaint): Total (500), Army (296), Royal Navy (72), RAF (88), Royal Marines (44) Current year results (%)

40 36 3233 31 31 30 30 30 28 24 24 23 22 21 22 20 19 19 19 20 20 17 1817 18 18 17 17 18 15 15 1515 16 16 13 1413 1313 14 1211 121112 11 11 11 9 9 10 9 9 10 10 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 5 5 4 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines I thought it would cause problems on the course I considered the incident(s) to be too minor to report I did not believe anything would be done if I did complain I thought that it would be repeated or get worse I did not think people would believe me/take me seriously I thought I would be considered a troublemaker I did not want to go through the complaints procedure It was too difficult I did not know what to do I thought it would be bad for my career I did not know who to complain to I was persuaded not to Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • A mix of reasons were selected for why recruits did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment from trainees. • The top reasons were that they thought it would cause problems on the course (24%) and considered the incident(s) too minor to report (24%). These reasons were closely followed a belief that nothing would be done if they complained (20%) or they thought it would be repeated or get worse (17%). • It should be noted that 28% choose not to answer.

100 Setbacks during training

101 ILLNESS OR INJURY DURING TRAINING Phase 1 Recruits 49. Were you ever ill or injured during training?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes and I reported it, or ‘yes but did not report it’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 57 42

Army 59 40 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 46 53 Comparison RAF 54 46 with previous RM 71 28 year

Yes (and either reported or did not report it) No No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • The proportion of RAF recruits who were ill or

60 Army injured (and either reported or did not report it) rose from 48% in 2018-19 to 54% in 2019-20. % Yes 40 RN

20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 65 63 62 61 58 59 RN 56 57 55 54 44 46 RAF 46 48 55 52 48 54 RM 71 71

Number of respondents (all Phase 1) who were ill or injured: Total (5,161), Army (2,589), Royal Navy (751), RAF (1,035), Royal Marines (786) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes and I reported it’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 69 31

Army 75 25 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 49 51 Comparison RAF 60 40 with previous RM 77 23 year

Yes and I reported it. Yes but I did not report it.

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • Amongst those who were ill or injured, the

60 Army proportion of Army recruits who claimed they reported it fell from 80% in 2018-19 to 75% in 2019- 40 RN 20. % I reported% it I 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 81 79 78 80 80 75 RN 71 77 68 69 50 49 RAF 66 69 74 67 62 60 RM 76 77

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who were ill or injured and reported it): Total (3,537), Army (1,950), Royal Navy (365), RAF (617), Royal Marines (605). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 51 33 8 5

Army 55 32 6 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 48 34 11 4 Comparison RAF 53 32 9 4 3 with previous RM 39 40 12 6 3 year

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 85 87 89 87 86 87 RN 85 83 85 86 84 81 RAF 89 87 85 84 86 85 RM 84 78

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 104 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 STAFF HELP AND SUPPORT DURING ILLNESS/INJURY Phase 1 Recruits 50. Please indicate how you feel about the following statements: Staff helped and supported me when I was ill/injured Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who were ill or injured and reported it): Total (3,537), Army (1,950), Royal Navy (365), RAF (617), Royal Marines (605) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 46 32 14 5

Army 48 29 14 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 51 35 10 3 Comparison RAF 48 34 12 3 with previous RM 36 39 16 4 year

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 Army 60 RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 71 71 77 74 77 77 RN 83 83 85 85 84 85 RAF 83 85 85 85 83 82 RM 83 75

50a. Would you have felt comfortable to report sick, if you had been ill or injured during training?

Number of respondents (all respondents who were not ill/injured): Total (3,803), Army (1,742), Royal Navy (865), RAF (881), Royal Marines (315) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 71 28

Army 76 24 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 69 30 Comparison RAF 65 35 with previous RM 71 29 year

Yes No No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army % Yes 40 RN 20 RAF 0 RM 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 79 79 76 RN 71 69 69 RAF 78 70 65 RM 74 71

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who were ill or injured and did not report it): Total (1,624), Army (639), Royal Navy (386), RAF (418), Royal Marines (181) Current year results (%)

80 76 69 71 70 65 66 57 60 52 51 51 50 50 40 30 23 20 20 14 12 12 13 10 9 11 11 9 9 10 8 7 8 8 6 10 4 5 5 3 5 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Did not wish to risk delaying my training It was too minor Felt other trainees / staff would consider me weak if I did so Was afraid I'd be medically discharged Would not report sick, unless I was told to I Feel people who report sick are weak Other reason No answer

Key figures • Across the Armed Services, the most common reason for not reporting ill or injured was to avoid the risk of delaying training (69%), followed by it being too minor (52%). • These reasons dominate and are consistent across Services.

107 RESULT OF NOT REPORTING SICK Phase 1 Recruits 52. What was the result of not reporting sick?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who were ill or injured and did not report it): Total (1,624), Army (639), Royal Navy (386), RAF (418), Royal Marines (181). Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘no impact’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 87 7 4

Army 86 6 5 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF RN 85 8 6 Marines RAF 89 8 Comparison with previous RM 85 4 8 No impact year Illness/injury worsened - forced to temporarily leave training to recover Illness/injury worsened - forced to leave unit to recover Other impact No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 84 82 85 88 85 86 RN 88 89 87 87 88 85 RAF 90 88 90 88 88 89 RM 83 85

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) Comments and significant differences based on proportion who say ‘yes’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 10 89

Army 6 93 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 5 95 Comparison RAF 18 81 with previous RM 21 78 year

Yes No No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • RAF recruits agreeing that they had to repeat training increased in 2019-20 to 18% from 12% in 60 Army 2018-19. 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 9 6 6 5 7 6 RN 17 7 8 8 4 5 RAF 18 9 8 10 12 18 RM 13 21

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who had to repeat training): Total (929), Army (271), Royal Navy (78), RAF (347), Royal Marines (233) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 78 21

Army 72 26 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 85 14 Comparison RAF 78 21 with previous RM 83 16 year

Yes No No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

80 Army 60 RN % Yes 40 RAF 20 RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 73 71 74 76 77 72 RN 85 76 80 83 84 85 RAF 81 79 86 81 82 78 RM 92 83

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who did repeat training): Total (929), Army (271), Royal Navy (78), RAF (347), Royal Marines (233)

Current year results (%)

70 61 60 52 50 46 42 38 40 37 33 31 30 20 21 16 20 14 13 15 14 13 12 10 10 12 8 8 8 9 7 7 10 3 4 3 5 5 4 1 0 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Medical or injury Failed a trade or skill test Failed an exercise Failed a fitness test Told attitude or behaviour/ conduct was inappropriate Other reason No answer

Key figures • Across the Services, the most common reason given for repeating training was due to medical issues or injury (46%). This was also the most cited reason in 2018-19 and the top mention across all Services.

111 General

112 SATISFACTION WITH TRAINING EXPERIENCE Phase 1 Recruits KPI1. Taking everything into account, how would you rate your overall satisfaction with the training experience you have had at your unit? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very satisfied’ or ‘satisfied’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 26 58 12 3 Royal Army 26 57 12 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 32 59 8 Comparison RAF 23 63 11 with previous year RM 24 55 17 3

Very satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Very unsatisfied Satisfied Unsatisfied Don’t know

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 The rating scale was altered in 2018-19, previously a 7 point scale Army 40 was used with a top box rating of ‘extremely satisfied’. RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 86 83 83 83 RN 86 86 83 91 91 RAF 85 85 80 85 86 RM 81 78

Total 21 44 19 11 3

Army 24 42 18 11 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 19 46 22 10 Comparison RAF 13 43 24 16 4 with previous RM 24 52 14 7 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that they received regular feedback 60 Army decreased from 75% in 2018-19 to 67% in 2019-20. 40 RN • The same applies to RAF recruits, for which the % Positive 20 RAF proportion fell from 61% in 2018-19 to 56% in 2019- 0 RM 20. 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 71 69 71 74 75 67 RN 70 72 73 70 64 65 RAF 54 58 60 61 61 56 RM 77 76

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 114 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 EXPLANATION OF REASONS FOR DOING THINGS Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The reasons for doing things were explained to me Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences Total 24 51 16 6

Army 26 49 16 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 26 54 15 4 RAF 19 55 18 7 Comparison with previous RM 25 51 17 5 year

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that the reasons for doing things were 60 Army explained to them decreased from 79% in 2018-19 40 RN to 75% in 2019-20. % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 77 77 78 78 79 75 RN 79 78 81 79 81 80 RAF 74 72 72 75 74 74 RM 79 76

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 115 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 STAFF SUPPORT Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The staff/instructors did all they could to help me succeed in training Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 45 43 9

Army 44 43 9 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 48 43 6 Comparison RAF 51 41 6 with previous RM 33 44 16 5 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100

80 • The proportion of Royal Navy recruits who ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that the staff/instructors did all they 60 Army could to help them succeed in training increased 40 RN from 88% in 2018-19 to 91% in 2019-20. % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 84 85 88 88 88 86 RN 86 85 87 86 88 91 RAF 90 91 93 93 92 92 RM 83 77

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 116 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 PERSONAL BENEFIT FROM THE COURSE Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I feel I personally benefited from the course Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 54 38 5

Army 52 38 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 58 37 3 Comparison RAF 58 35 4 with previous RM 47 45 6 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 91 92 93 92 92 90 RN 94 94 94 93 95 95 RAF 95 92 92 94 94 94 RM 93 92

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 61 30 5

Army 57 33 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 70 25 4 Comparison RAF 68 25 5 with previous RM 51 34 8 4 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 92 93 92 89 90 RN 92 92 92 91 94 95 RAF 95 93 93 94 93 93 RM 88 85

Total 57 33 6

Army 50 36 8 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 60 31 6 Comparison RAF 62 29 5 with previous RM 65 30 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 90 90 90 88 87 RN 92 93 92 91 92 91 RAF 94 91 90 93 92 91 RM 95 95

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 119 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 TRAINING COMPARISON TO EXPECTATIONS Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The training was what I expected Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 23 39 23 11 3

Army 24 38 22 11 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 24 40 23 9 Comparison RAF 16 38 27 15 3 with previous RM 24 41 22 9 3 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100 RN/RM reported separately~

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 59 60 61 62 62 62 RN 62 62 64 63 65 64 RAF 59 57 56 54 55 54 RM 70 65

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 120 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 ENJOYMENT Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I enjoyed this phase of training Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 30 42 18 6

Army 33 40 17 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 34 44 16 4 Comparison RAF 26 45 19 7 with previous RM 26 37 21 10 4 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who ‘strongly agree’ 60 Army or ‘agree’ that they enjoyed this phase of training decreased from 75% in 2018-19 to 73% in 2019-20 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 72 75 76 76 75 73 RN 76 77 76 72 77 78 RAF 73 69 67 70 67 71 RM 57 63

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 121 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 PRIDE Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I feel proud to be in the Navy/RM/Army/RAF Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 70 23 4

Army 65 26 5 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 77 19 Comparison RAF 76 20 3 with previous RM 65 25 6 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 92 93 95 94 91 91 RN 93 93 94 93 96 96 RAF 97 96 95 97 95 95 RM 91 91

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 122 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 UNDERSTANDING OF CORE VALUES Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I understand the core values of the Navy/RM/Army/RAF Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 72 24

Army 70 24 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 78 19 Comparison RAF 76 21 with previous RM 63 31 3 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 95 96 97 96 95 95 RN 96 96 96 96 97 97 RAF 99 98 98 98 98 97 RM 95 94

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 123 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 MILITARY PERSONNEL UPHOLDING CORE VALUES Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? Generally military personnel uphold the core values Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 54 35 7

Army 53 35 8 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 61 32 5 Comparison RAF 53 38 6 with previous RM 51 35 8 3 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 89 90 90 89 87 RN 90 91 91 90 93 93 RAF 91 91 92 93 92 92 RM 89 87

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 124 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 ABLE TO KEEP IN TOUCH WITH FAMILY WHEN NOT ON A TRAINING TASK Phase 1 Recruits 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I was able to keep in touch with my family when I wasn’t on a training task Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 48 37 9 3

Army 52 35 8 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 36 40 15 6 3 Comparison RAF 54 35 7 3 with previous RM 38 44 12 4 year Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer Trend Key figures 100

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who ‘strongly agree’ Army 60 or ‘agree’ that they were able to keep in touch with RN their family when they weren’t on a training task 40 increased from 84% in 2018-19 to 87% in 2019-20.

%Positive RAF 20 • Conversely, the proportion of Royal Navy recruits RM 0 who ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that they were able 2018-19 2019-20 to keep in touch with their family when they weren’t Army 84 87 on a training task decreased from 86% in 2018-19 RN 86 76 to 76% in 2019-20. RAF 88 89 RM 79 82

Please note this question was not introduced until 2018-19 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 125 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 COURSE EASE OR DIFFICULTY Phase 1 Recruits 59a. Do you feel the course was.?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘about right’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 11 81 4 Royal Army 14 78 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 12 83 Comparison RAF 12 82 3 with previous year RM 89 6

Much too easy About right Much too hard Too easy Too hard No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 82 79 77 78 77 78 RN 84 86 86 83 86 83 RAF 88 83 82 84 83 82 RM 90 89

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘much better’ or ‘better’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 18 41 31 7 Royal Army 22 40 29 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 19 48 27 4 Comparison RAF 14 43 35 7 with previous year RM 12 29 39 16

Much better About the same Much worse Better Worse No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 62 63 65 66 61 62 RN 56 59 58 57 65 67 RAF 56 56 53 55 53 57 RM 43 41

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘mine is much better’ or ‘mine is better’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 14 24 24 25 12 Royal Army 16 25 25 24 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 17 30 27 19 5 Comparison RAF 13 29 25 24 8 with previous year RM 6 14 40 36

Much better About the same Much worse Better Worse No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 50 42 41 42 41 41 RN 37 32 32 36 44 48 RAF 45 36 42 38 38 42 RM 10 8

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 128 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 PERCEPTIONS OF PAY AND BENEFITS BEING FAIR Phase 1 Recruits PAY3. To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pay and benefits I receive are fair for the work I do ? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 15 37 24 16 7 Royal Army 15 37 25 16 6 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 22 47 19 9 Comparison Question Question Question Question RAF 17 43 22 14 3 with previous new this year new this year new this year new this year year RM 3 14 26 32 24

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend* 100

40 Army RN

% Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2019-20 Army 52 RN 69 RAF 60 RM 17

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Please note this question was not introduced until 2019-20 • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years *No trend data or differences to previous years as question • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. introduced in 2019-20. 129 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 Hopes for the future

130 PLAN FOR AFTER TRAINING Phase 1 Recruits 67. What are you doing next?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%)

100 84 77 80 73 74

60 40 40 30 21 15 20 11 12 13 7 6 6 7 5 2 1 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Move to next phase of training Leaving the Service Waiting for a course to start Posted to a unit Transferring to another regiment or trade No answer

Key figures • For Phase 1 recruits who were approaching the end or had completed their training experience, more than seven in every ten (73%) were moving onto their next phase of training.

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. 131 HOPES FOR THE FUTURE Phase 1 Recruits 68a. What are your hopes for the future?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who are not leaving the Service): Total (8,025), Army (3,849), Royal Navy (1,618), RAF (1,786), Royal Marines (772). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘hope to make a career in Service’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 82 7 8 Royal Army 81 8 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 86 5 7 Comparison RAF 82 7 9 with previous year RM 81 7 9 Hope to make a career in Service Hope to stay to the end of sign-up period Probably leave before or at end of training Undecided No answer

Trend Key figures 100 RN/RM reported separately~

80 • The proportion of Army recruits who ‘hope to make 60 a career in Service’ increased from 78% in 2018-19 Army to 81% in 2019-20. 40 RN 20 % Positive RAF 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 RM Army 82 82 80 79 78 81 RN 79 83 82 83 86 86 RAF 84 81 82 83 83 82 RM 78 81

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who are leaving the Service): Total (973), Army (504), Royal Navy (1**), RAF (132), Royal Marines (336)

Current year results (%)

100 80 80 71 65 58 60

40 23 25 23 20 13 14 8 4 3 0 0 ** Base too small to report 2 3 0 2 3 1 0 Total Army Royal Navy** RAF Royal Marines

Leaving of own choice i.e. discharge as of right Leaving for medical reasons Leaving because been judged unsuitable for military service Leaving as unable to meet standards for my chosen trade No answer

Key figures • As in 2018-19, the main reason given by Armed Forces recruits who were leaving the Service was discharge as of right (65%). • Other reasons fall some way behind this main reason, although almost a quarter (23%) were leaving for medical reasons.

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ** Base too small to report 133 REASONS FOR LEAVING THE SERVICE BY OWN CHOICE Phase 1 Recruits 71. Why are you leaving the Service by your own choice?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who are leaving the Service by own choice): Total (697), Army (318), Royal Navy (7**), RAF (127), Royal Marines (245) Current year results (%)

40 34 32 32 2929 30 29 30 27 28 28 27 26 2525 26 25 2323 23 21 22 21 1919 18 20 16 13 11 9 10 8 7 7 6 6 6 5 3 2 1 ** Base too small to report 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy** RAF RM Do not like the lifestyle Civilian life more appealing Not what expected Miss family or friends too much Family situation Financial reasons Do not like the way I was treated Not able to do the trade I wanted Anything else/something different from above No answer

Key figures • At the total level across all the Services, the main reasons behind the decision to leave is not liking the lifestyle (29%) and the appeal of civilian life (29%).The next reason that closely follows is service life not being as expected (26%). • Please note there are some variations in the patterns of results across the different services.

** Base too small to report 134 PREPAREDNESS TO GO ONTO THE NEXT STAGE OF CAREER Phase 1 Recruits 72c. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement about the training you received at unit? I feel prepared to go onto the next stage of my career Number of respondents (all Phase 1 who are not leaving the Service): Total (8,025), Army (3,849), Royal Navy (1,618), RAF (1,786), Royal Marines (772) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 34 51 10 Royal Army 35 50 10 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 37 50 9 Comparison RAF 28 54 12 4 with previous year RM 40 48 8 3

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Don’t know/No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ 100

80 Army 60 RN 40 RAF 20 % Positive RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 87 86 86 83 84 RN 92 90 87 89 86 87 RAF 89 85 82 82 83 82 RM 91 88

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘definitely’ or ‘probably’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 59 34 5 Royal Army 57 35 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines RN 70 27 Comparison RAF 60 36 3 with previous year RM 49 39 10

Definitely Probably Probably not Definitely not No answer

Trend RN/RM reported separately~ Key figures 100 • The proportion of Army recruits that say they would 80 recommend joining the service to others has 60 Army increased from 90% in 2018-19 to 92% in 2019-20. 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 91 93 94 93 90 92 RN 94 93 94 93 96 97 RAF 96 96 96 97 97 95 RM 86 88 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ~ Please note: as of 2019-20, Phase 1 Royal Navy and Royal Marines results • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. are to be reported separately; results for 2018-19 have also been restated. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years Royal Navy results prior to 2018-19 include Royal Marines results. • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes. 136 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018 Phase 2 Detailed findings

137 Recruitment and preparing for training

138 BRIEFED ON JOINING PHASE 2 DURING PHASE 1 Phase 2 Trainees 18. Did you receive a brief on joining your Phase 2 establishment during Phase 1?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 on their first Phase 2 training course): Total (4,857), Army (2,465), Royal Navy (1.111), RAF (1,227), Royal Marines (54). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 88 7 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 87 7 6 Comparison RN 90 5 4 with previous year RAF 89 9 RM 52 13 35

Yes No Don't know/ Can't remember

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a higher proportion of RAF trainees indicated that they received a brief on 60 Army joining their Phase 2 establishment during Phase 1; 40 RN an increase from 84% in 2018-19 compared to 89%

% Positive in 2019-20. 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 91 91 89 87 86 87 RN 95 94 94 93 92 90 RAF 92 90 86 87 84 89 RM 56 52

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 139 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. GAP BETWEEN PHASE 1 AND PHASE 2 Phase 2 Trainees 19a Did you have a gap of more than one week between your Phase 1 and Phase 2 training course where you weren’t completing an activity or on leave? Number of respondents (all Phase 2 on their first Phase 2 training course): Total (4,857), Army (2,465), Royal Navy (1.111), RAF (1,227), Royal Marines (54). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘no’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 48 52 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 62 38 Comparison RN 19 81 with previous year RAF 49 51 RM 13 87

Yes No

Trend Key figures 100

80 • A higher proportion of RAF trainees indicated that they had not a gap of more than one week between 60 Army their Phase 1 and Phase 2 training course where 40 RN they weren’t completing an activity or on leave. A

% Positive gain from 44% in 2018-19 compared to 51% in 20 RAF 2019-20 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 40 40 40 38 38 RN 84 82 81 80 81 RAF 45 51 44 44 51 RM 88 87

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who had a gap of more than a week): Total (2,336), Army (1,518), Royal Navy (206), RAF (605), Royal Marines (7**). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 85 15 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 86 14 Comparison RN 90 10 with previous year RAF 83 17 RM** ** Base too small to report

Yes No

Trend 100

60 Army RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM** 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 86 84 85 86 86 RN 88 89 88 86 90 RAF 84 76 70 79 83 RM** 91

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. ** Base too small to report. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 141 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. GAP BETWEEN OF MORE THAN ONE WEEK SINCE LAST PHASE 2 COURSE Phase 2 Trainees 20a. Have you had any gaps that lasted more than one week since your last Phase 2 training course where you weren’t completing an activity or on leave? Number of respondents (all Phase 2 not on their first Phase 2 training course): Total (859), Army (524), Royal Navy (208), RAF (125), Royal Marines (2**). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 40 60 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 41 59 Comparison RN 36 64 with previous year RAF 43 57 RM** ** Base too small to report

Yes No

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF RM** 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 35 32 35 39 41 RN 24 26 31 34 36 RAF 46 46 43 46 43 RM** 23

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who had a gap of more than a week and not on their first Phase 2 training): Total (345), Army (216), Royal Navy (74), RAF (54), Royal Marines (1**). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 81 19 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 79 21 Comparison RN 85 15 with previous year RAF 83 17 RM** ** Base too small to report

Yes No

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive RAF 20 RM** 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 74 85 79 83 79 RN 84 83 87 84 85 RAF 84 82 95 97 83 RM** 100

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ** Base too small to report. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 143 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. Facilities and amenities

144 RATING: STANDARD OF LIVING ACCOMMODATION Phase 2 Trainees 23. How would you rate each of the following: Standard of living accommodation

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or 'good' – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 14 43 22 13 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 18 51 19 8 3 Comparison RN 10 29 26 20 14 with previous year RAF 11 38 24 17 10 RM 14 36 43 5

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of RAF trainees rated the standard of living accommodation 60 Army as ‘very good’ or ‘good’. 40 RN • For RAF trainees there was a fall from 56% in 20 RAF 2018-19 to 50% in 2019-20. % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 56 64 70 66 67 69 RN 59 58 51 49 38 39 RAF 61 65 63 64 56 50 RM 36 16

Royal Total 7 38 30 16 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 8 41 28 15 6 Comparison RN 6 30 33 20 8 with previous year RAF 7 39 32 14 7 RM 4 25 25 23 23

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of Army and RAF trainees rated the things to do when off 60 Army duty on site as ‘very good’ or ‘good’. 40 RN • For Army trainees there was a fall from 53% in % Positive 20 RAF 2018-19 to 49% in 2019-20, and for RAF trainees a fall from 52% to 46%. 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 45 45 48 50 53 49 RN 48 43 44 39 38 37 RAF 49 50 51 52 52 46 RM 24 29

Royal Total 13 47 25 10 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 13 48 24 10 3 Comparison RN 12 42 29 11 4 with previous year RAF 14 51 22 8 RM 14 57 21 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of RAF

60 trainees rated the things to do when off duty off Army site/locally as ‘very good’ or ‘good’; there was a fall 40 RN from 70% in 2018-19 to 65% in 2019-20. % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 55 57 58 61 63 61 RN 64 58 60 55 53 54 RAF 62 68 67 70 70 65 RM 71 71

Royal Total 27 56 12 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 22 58 14 3 Comparison RN 27 57 10 with previous year RAF 39 50 9 RM 9 38 38 5 7 4 Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 82 80 82 80 78 80 RN 90 90 90 87 86 85 RAF 86 90 90 90 88 89 RM 50 46

Royal Total 28 49 10 3 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 24 49 11 3 11 Comparison RN 32 51 10 4 with previous year RAF 32 44 9 11 RM 36 52 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of RAF

60 Army trainees rated medical care as ‘very good’ or ‘good’; there was a fall from 84% in 2018-19 to 77% in 40 RN 2019-20.

20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 81 74 76 76 75 74 RN 85 86 84 84 80 83 RAF 74 76 81 83 84 77 RM 89 88

Royal Total 28 45 10 16 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 25 46 10 17 Comparison RN 37 50 8 5 with previous year RAF 26 37 10 24 RM 39 50 7 4

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a higher proportion of Royal Navy trainees rated dental care as ‘very 60 Army good’ or ‘good’. However there is a lower proportion 40 RN for RAF trainees. 20 RAF • For Royal Navy trainees there was an increase % Positive from 79% in 2018-19 to 86% in 2019-20. 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 • For RAF trainees there was a fall from 74% in Army 74 66 68 69 71 71 2018-19 to 63% in 2019-20. RN 85 86 83 84 79 86 RAF 68 62 67 75 74 63 RM 91 89

Royal Total 19 56 19 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 21 57 16 4 Comparison RN 17 55 22 4 with previous year RAF 16 56 20 6 RM 7 29 48 14

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of RAF trainees rated time for essential personal 60 Army administration as ‘very good’ or ‘good’; there was a 40 RN fall from 77% in 2018-19 to 72% in 2019-20. 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 76 74 75 75 77 77 RN 77 80 76 69 70 72 RAF 75 74 69 72 77 72 RM 48 36

Royal Total 18 46 20 8 3 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 19 51 17 5 6 Comparison RN 15 40 23 13 5 3 with previous year RAF 16 41 21 12 3 7 RM 13 43 30 9 4

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • A lower proportion of Royal Air Force trainees rated the access to IT for personal use as ‘very good’ or 60 Army ‘good’, down from 63% in 2018-19 to 58% in 2019- 40 RN 20. 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 69 67 70 71 72 71 RN 66 69 64 60 54 55 RAF 54 56 63 61 63 58 RM 57 55

Royal Total 18 43 18 14 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 19 43 16 13 8 Comparison RN 17 45 21 11 4 with previous year RAF 15 38 20 18 8 RM 16 61 14 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • A lower proportion of Royal Air Force trainees rated

60 Army internet access use as ‘very good’ or ‘good’, down from 65% in 2018-19 to 53% in 2019-20. 40 RN

20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 53 56 54 59 62 62 RN 60 63 62 59 60 62 RAF 52 58 58 60 65 53 RM 65 77

Royal Total 13 42 22 5 17 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 14 43 20 4 18 Comparison RN 17 44 21 6 3 9 with previous year RAF 9 35 26 5 23 RM 11 46 30 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100 80

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 54 52 53 57 57 57 RN 67 69 68 65 60 62 RAF 43 46 47 46 48 44 RM 46 57

Royal Total 13 41 20 14 7 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 14 44 19 12 6 5 Comparison RN 16 45 22 10 4 4 with previous year RAF 10 33 20 20 13 4 RM 7 30 32 23 7

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN RAF % Positive 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 52 55 54 55 58 RN 56 53 59 57 61 RAF 46 53 46 48 43 RM 35 38

Royal Total 19 58 16 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 17 59 16 4 Comparison RN 20 57 17 3 with previous year RAF 20 59 14 3 RM 11 46 30 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared with 2018-19, a lower proportion of Army and RAF trainees rated the personal kit as ‘very 60 Army good’ or ‘good’. 40 RN • For Army trainees there was a fall from 80% in % Positive 20 RAF 2018-19 to 76% in 2019-20, and for RAF trainees there was a fall from 86% to 79%. 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 71 70 77 80 76 RN 78 80 81 76 76 RAF 83 83 84 86 79 RM 61 57

Royal Total 22 63 12 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 22 63 12 Comparison RN 20 60 15 with previous year RAF 23 64 10 RM 16 61 21

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN RAF % Positive 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 85 86 85 86 85 RN 89 88 84 78 80 RAF 91 89 90 90 87 RM 77 77

Royal Total 6 28 29 19 17 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 7 30 29 17 15 Comparison RN 6 20 26 22 24 3 with previous year RAF 5 30 31 19 14 RM 5 9 25 20 41

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Don't know/Not available/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 33 34 35 39 37 RN 31 30 29 28 25 RAF 41 40 46 36 35 RM 13 14

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘often’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 61 30 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 62 31 6 Comparison RN 63 27 7 with previous year RAF 61 31 8 RM 7 25 59 7 Always Sometimes Never Often Rarely No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 90 93 92 92 93 RN 88 91 90 89 88 91 RAF 91 92 92 92 93 91 RM 42 32

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 63 18 19 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 63 18 19 Comparison RN 73 11 16 with previous year RAF 55 25 21 RM 11 70 20

Yes No Don't know

Trend Key figures 100

80 • There was a decrease in the proportion of Army trainees mentioning they were given the option to 60 Army comment on the Pay As You Dine food in 2019-20 40 RN compared with 2018-19; from 67% to 63%.

% Positive RAF 20 • There was an increase in the proportion of Royal RM Navy trainees mentioning they were given the 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 option to comment on the Pay As You Dine food in Army 70 70 69 67 63 2019-20 compared with 2018-19; from 68% to 73%. RN 82 80 74 68 73 RAF 62 56 59 57 55 RM 16 11

161 LEARNING NEEDS AND DIFFICULTIES Phase 2 Trainees QX - Do you have any of the following specific learning needs or difficulties?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who indicate that they have a specific learning difficulty Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 15 71 12 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 16 69 12 3 Comparison RN 14 70 12 3 with previous year RAF 14 75 10 RM 16 68 16

Yes No Don't Know Prefer not to say/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • The proportion of Royal Navy trainees who have indicated that they have a specific learning difficulty 60 Army has increased from 11% in 2018-19 to 14% in 40 RN 2019-20.

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 10 10 10 15 16 RN 8 8 8 11 14 RAF 8 11 11 15 14 RM 12 16

Note: The structure of this question changed in 2018/19 to • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. capture the specific type of learning difficulty. The ‘yes’ is • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. calculated by aggregating all recruits identifying that they • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only have a specific learning difficulty. statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 162 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. LEARNING NEEDS AND DIFFICULTIES Phase 2 Trainees Demog6b. Did you tell the staff at [Unit] that you had a learning need or difficulty?

Number of respondents (all with a learning need or difficulty): Total (849), Army (469), Royal Navy (188), RAF (183), Royal Marines (9**) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 77 23 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 75 25 Comparison RN 77 23 with previous year RAF 83 17 RM** ** Base too small to report

Yes No

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM** 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 84 86 84 80 75 RN 87 92 90 79 77 RAF 92 95 83 89 83 RM** 73

Number of respondents (learning needs or difficulties and reported it): Total (652), Army (352), Royal Navy (144), RAF (151), Royal Marines (5**) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 91 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 88 12 Comparison RN 94 6 with previous year RAF 95 5 RM** ** Base too small to report

Yes No

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM** 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 85 94 85 89 88 RN 94 94 94 94 94 RAF 96 92 95 96 95 RM** 86

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. ** Base too small to report. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 164 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. OPPORTUNITY TO TALK PRIVATELY WITH TRAINING STAFF Phase 2 Trainees 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to… Talk privately with training staff Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or 'good' – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 46 43 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 42 45 8 Comparison RN 45 42 8 3 with previous year RAF 55 38 4 RM 23 50 20 5

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 89 90 86 87 87 RN 91 93 93 91 87 87 RAF 94 96 93 91 92 93 RM 73 73

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 165 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. OPPORTUNITY TO TALK PRIVATELY WITH CHAPLAINS/PADRE Phase 2 Trainees 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to… Talk privately with Chaplains/Padre Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or 'good' – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 40 39 10 10 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 36 39 11 12 Comparison RN 43 40 8 8 with previous year RAF 46 36 8 8 RM 32 43 13 4 9

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN

20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 75 80 83 76 74 75 RN 83 91 90 85 81 83 RAF 76 87 86 84 83 82 RM 85 75

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 166 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. OPPORTUNITY TO KEEP IN CONTACT WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS Phase 2 Trainees 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to …Keep in contact with family and friends Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or 'good' – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 51 41 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 50 42 5 Comparison RN 50 42 5 with previous year RAF 56 37 5 RM 25 34 21 13 5 Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Royal Navy trainees were more likely to rate the Army 60 opportunity to keep in contact with family and RN friends as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ compared to 2018- 40 19; a gain from 88% to 91% in 2019-20. RAF 20

% Positive RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 91 92 91 92 92 RN 90 93 93 91 88 91 RAF 91 94 93 94 95 93 RM 80 59

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 167 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. OPPORTUNITY TO PRACTISE YOUR FAITH/RELIGION Phase 2 Trainees 30. How would you rate the opportunity you had to do each of the following at unit if you had wanted to …Practise your faith/religion Number of respondents (all respondents who have a faith/religion and practise it): Total (591), Army (422), Royal Navy (80), RAF (82), Royal Marines (7**) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very good’ or 'good' – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 35 41 14 4 3 4 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines** Army 36 44 10 3 3 4 Comparison RN 29 36 20 10 3 3 with previous year RAF 39 29 22 6 RM** ** Base too small to report

Very good Neither good nor poor Very poor Good Poor Not applicable/No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM** 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 47 60 62 83 83 80 RN 46 61 62 82 68 65 RAF 29 51 55 64 82 68 RM** 70

Note: Base for this question changed from all • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. respondents to those who have a • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years faith/religion and practise it in the year 2017 • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes ** Base too small to report. 168 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. AVAILABILITY OF STAFF FOR PROBLEMS OUT OF TRAINING HOURS Phase 2 Trainees 31. Whether or not you needed to, was there a member of staff easily available for you to go to if you had a problem out of training hours? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 94 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 94 6 Comparison RN 94 4 with previous year RAF 96 4 RM 88 13

Yes No No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Royal Navy trainees were more likely to feel that a Army 60 member of staff was easily available for them to go RN to if they had a problem out of training hours 40 compared to 2018-19; a gain from 90% to 94% in RAF % Positive 20 2019-20. RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 94 95 95 94 94 94 RN 93 96 96 94 90 94 RAF 97 97 94 94 95 96 RM 91 88

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 169 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. SOMEONE TO GO TO FOR PERSONAL OR EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS Phase 2 Trainees 32a. Whether or not you needed to, did you have someone at [Unit] that you were happy to go to if you had any personal or emotional problems? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 93 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 92 6 Comparison RN 92 6 with previous year RAF 95 4 RM 79 21

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 94 94 94 93 92 92 RN 93 94 94 93 91 92 RAF 96 97 96 96 95 95 RM 84 79

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 170 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. SOMEONE TO GO TO FOR ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS Phase 2 Trainees 33a. Whether or not you needed to, if you had any problems with administration (pay, posting, JPA etc.) was there someone to help you deal with them? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 93 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 93 5 Comparison RN 91 7 3 with previous year RAF 95 4 RM 84 14

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

80 Army 60 RN 40 RAF 20 % Positive RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 95 95 95 95 93 93 RN 93 95 94 93 90 91 RAF 97 97 96 97 95 95 RM 89 84

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 171 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. OPPORTUNITY TO RAISE ALL CONCERNS WITH PERSON IN AUTHORITY Phase 2 Trainees 34a. Whether or not you needed to, did you feel that you had the opportunity to raise all your concerns with a person in authority at unit? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 93 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 93 5 Comparison RN 91 6 with previous year RAF 95 4 RM 77 20 4

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 94 94 94 94 93 93 RN 95 96 94 93 91 91 RAF 96 96 95 96 95 95 RM 86 77

173 AWARENESS OF HOW TO COMPLAIN ABOUT POOR OR UNFAIR TREATMENT OR BULLYING Phase 2 Trainees 35. Do you know how to complain about poor or unfair treatment or bullying at [Unit]?

Royal Total 88 9 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 88 9 3 Comparison RN 88 8 4 with previous year RAF 89 9 RM 77 18 5

Yes No Do not wish to answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 92 91 90 88 89 88 RN 91 93 90 90 88 88 RAF 93 94 92 90 90 89 RM 81 77

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 174 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. KNOWLEDGE OF SERVICE COMPLAINTS OMBUDSMAN Phase 2 Trainees 31. Do you know how the Services Complaints Ombudsman can help you with a discrimination, harassment and/or bullying complaint? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes, fully’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 35 40 8 17 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 38 37 8 17 Comparison RN 39 40 7 14 with previous year RAF 26 45 8 20

RM 38 46 5 11

Yes, fully To some extent No, not at all Haven't heard of the Service Complaints Commissioner

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 47 45 42 42 40 38 RN 46 44 43 43 38 39 RAF 31 28 27 29 30 26 RM 43 38

* Prior to 2016 references were to Service Complaints Commissioner • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. rather than Service Complaints Ombudsman • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 175 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. WHETHER BELIEVE COMPLAINTS ARE DEALT WITH IN A FAIR MANNER Phase 2 Trainees 37a. Generally, do you believe that complaints are dealt with in a fair manner at unit?

Total 62 8 27 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 62 7 27 3 Comparison RN 64 9 23 3 with previous RAF 60 7 31 year RM 43 9 45 4

Yes No Don't know Do not wish to answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 66 69 66 64 63 62 RN 69 71 73 67 61 64 RAF 61 65 62 66 65 60 RM 48 43

Number of respondents (all respondents who said that they did not feel complaints are dealt with in a fair manner): Total (439), Army (220), Royal Navy (121), RAF (93), Royal Marines (5**) Current year results (%)

60 55 51 52 48 50 42 44 4343 40 37 32 30 31 30 27 27 30 2524 26 24 26 26 23 21 23 23 1818 17 19 19 20 16 1414 1011 1012 12 10 6 5 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Nothing is ever done about complaints People are not believed/taken seriously If you complain it causes you problems on the course Higher ranks are always taken more seriously Insufficient review of complaints People who complain are considered troublemakers Complaining is bad for your career Not treated in a confidential manner Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer this question

Key figures • Amongst all Phase 2 trainees, the most common reasons for feeling that complaints were not dealt with in a fair manner was that nothing is done about complaints (51%) and because trainees are not believed or taken seriously (42%). • Overall, 11% of those who felt that complaints are not dealt with in a fair manner chose not to answer this question.

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. ** Base too small to report • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 177 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. FAIR TREATMENT OF TRAINEES Phase 2 Trainees 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: Trainees were all treated fairly

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘most of the time’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 41 41 14 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 40 42 14 3 Comparison RN 41 39 14 4 with previous year RAF 42 40 14 3 RM 14 39 38 5 4

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 84 84 83 83 82 RN 85 85 82 79 81 RAF 84 82 86 83 83 RM 64 54 Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 178 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. FAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: I was treated fairly

Royal Total 54 34 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 53 35 9 Comparison RN 53 35 9 with previous year RAF 60 31 8 RM 25 45 25 4

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 91 90 91 89 89 89 RN 90 91 91 89 87 88 RAF 93 91 89 92 91 91 RM 80 70

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 179 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. SEXUAL OR RACIAL HARASSMENT DURING TRAINING Phase 2 Trainees 39. Please indicate how often the following statements apply: Training was conducted without sexual or racial harassment Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘always’ or ‘most of the time’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 82 13 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 80 14 3 Comparison RN 81 13 4 with previous year RAF 86 12 RM 64 21 13

Always Sometimes Never Most of the time Rarely Do not wish to answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 96 96 96 95 96 95 RN 95 97 96 96 93 94 RAF 97 98 97 97 97 97 RM 93 86

Royal Total 5 88 6 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 5 89 6 Comparison RN 6 88 6 with previous year RAF 5 88 7 RM 7 80 13

Yes No Do not wish to anwer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Yes

20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 4 3 2 3 5 5 RN 5 2 3 3 6 6 RAF 4 3 4 2 4 5 RM 6 7

Royal Total 4 91 5 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 4 91 5 Comparison RN 5 89 6 with previous year RAF 4 92 4 RM 4 89 7

Yes No Do not wish to anwer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Yes

20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 3 2 2 2 4 4 RN 6 2 3 4 4 5 RAF 3 3 3 4 4 4 RM 2 4

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 182 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. WHETHER BADLY OR UNFAIRLY TREATED BY OTHER TRAINEES OR STAFF Phase 2 Trainees 41a. Do you believe that you were badly or unfairly treated by the staff whilst at unit?* 41b. Do you believe that you were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees whilst at unit?* Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) Comments and significant differences based on proportion saying ‘yes’ to bad/unfair treatment by other recruits and/or staff Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 8 90 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 7 91 Comparison RN 9 89 with previous year RAF 7 91 RM 11 82 7

Yes No Do not wish to anwer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Yes

20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 6 4 4 5 7 7 RN 8 3 4 5 8 9 RAF 6 5 6 5 7 7 RM 7 11

• Note: This analysis is based on a combination of the 2 questions whether • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. trainees have been badly or unfairly treated by either other trainees and/or staff • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years whilst at unit • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 183 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Army Trainees Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 2 Army recruits (2,993) Number of respondents asked the question (all Army Phase 2 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (152) By Trainees (111) Current year results (% all recruits) Key figures Equivalent number of recruits 1.2% Made fun of and humiliated 35 • Results are displayed as a 1.2% 40 percentage of all recruits. 0.8% Figures have been rounded up to Verbally abused 25 0.9% the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 30 or fewer are suppressed, in line 0.7% Intimidated 20 0.7% with Defence Statistics’ rounding 25 policy. These figures are 0.8% Picked on 25 denoted by ~. 0.7% 25 • Key: 0.6% 20 Victimised ~ (5 or less respondents) 0.4% 15 - (0 respondents) ~ Physically abused ~ ~ ~ ~ Racially harassed ~ ~ ~ - Sexually harassed - ~ ~ 1.4% Something else 45 0.6% 20 1.8% 55 Do not wish to answer 1.3% 40 Staff Other trainees

184 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 2 Royal Navy recruits (1,321) Number of respondents asked the question (all Royal Navy Phase 2 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (82) By Trainees (62)

Current year results (% all recruits) Equivalent number Key figures of recruits 0.6% 10 Made fun of and humiliated • Results are displayed as a 1.3% 20 percentage of all recruits. 0.6% Verbally abused 10 Figures have been rounded up to 1.4% 20 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 or fewer are suppressed, in line 0.7% 10 Picked on with Defence Statistics’ rounding 1.1% 15 policy. These figures are ~ Intimidated ~ denoted by ~. 0.8% 15 • Key: 0.5% Victimised 10 0.5% ~ (5 or less respondents) 10 - (0 respondents) - Physically abused - ~ ~ - Racially harassed - ~ ~ - Sexually harassed - ~ ~ 1.3% Something else 20 0.6% 10 3.9% Do not wish to answer 55 2.3% 30 Staff Other trainees

185 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 RAF Trainees Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 2 RAF recruits (1,353) Number of respondents asked the question (all RAF Phase 2 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (67) By Trainees (49)

Current year results (% all recruits) Equivalent number Key figures of recruits 1.3% Made fun of and humiliated 20 1.8% • Results are displayed as a 25 percentage of all recruits. 1.0% Verbally abused 15 Figures have been rounded up to 1.0% 15 the nearest 5 and numbers of 5 1.0% or fewer are suppressed, in line Picked on 15 0.7% with Defence Statistics’ rounding 10 policy. These figures are 0.9% Victimised 15 denoted by ~. ~ ~ • Key: 1.4% Intimidated 20 0.5% ~ (5 or less respondents) 10 - (0 respondents) - Racially harassed - - - - Sexually harassed - ~ ~ ~ Physically abused ~ ~ ~ 1.5% Something else 20 0.5% 10 0.8% Do not wish to answer 15 0.9% 15

Staff Other trainees

186 TYPES OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees Q101-Staff. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. Q101-Trainees. Please read the list below and tick the boxes that best apply to you. All results recalculated on full base of Phase 2 Royal Marine recruits (56) Number of respondents asked the question (all Royal Marines Phase 2 who were badly or unfairly treated): By Staff (4**) By Trainees (2**)

• No results are shown due to the low sample size asked Q101

187 FREQUENCY OF UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q103-Staff. Generally speaking, how often would you say you were badly or unfairly treated by staff? Q103-Trainees. Generally speaking, how often would you say you were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees? Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by staff and mentioned the type of treatment experiences): Total (305), Army (152), Royal Navy (82), RAF (67), Royal Marines (4**) Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees and mentioned the type of treatment experienced): Total (244), Army (111), Royal Navy (62), RAF (49) , Royal Marines (2**)

How often unfairly treated by staff

Total 23 29 16 32

Army 28 26 18 28

Royal Navy 20 21 7 52

RAF 19 40 24 16

Royal Marines** ** Base too small to report

Just once 2-5 times More than 5 times Do not wish to answer

How often unfairly treated by other trainees

Total 17 17 31 36

Army 23 17 30 31

Royal Navy 8 18 23 52

RAF 16 14 43 27

Royal Marines** ** Base too small to report

Just once 2-5 times More than 5 times Do not wish to answer Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years. 188 ACTION TAKEN AS A RESULT OF BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q104-Staff. Which of the following did you do following the unfair treatment you experienced?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said that they were badly or unfairly treated and mentioned the type of treatment experienced): Total (305), Army (152), Royal Navy (82), RAF (67), Royal Marines (4**) Current year results (%) 60 51 50 40 40 37 36 32 31 32 28 30 24 24 26 22 21 18 20 15 16 16 1012 10 10 6 5 5 5 7 6 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 3 4 3 0 1 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Nothing Spoke to fellow trainee Spoke to friends/family Spoke to member of military staff Made informal complaint Made formal complaint Spoke to Padre/Chaplain Spoke to member of civilian staff Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • Overall, amongst all Phase 2 trainees who were badly or unfairly treated by staff, the most common action taken was to do nothing (32%), as was the case in the previous year. • RAF trainees who were badly or unfairly treated were particularly likely to speak to a fellow trainee (40%). • 31% of phase 2 trainees who felt they were badly or unfairly treated chose not to answer as to the action they took.

189 ACTION TAKEN AS A RESULT OF BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q104-Trainees. Which of the following did you do following the unfair treatment you experienced?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said that they were badly or unfairly treated and mentioned the type of treatment experienced): Total (224), Army (111), Royal Navy (62), RAF (49), Royal Marines (2**) Current year results (%) 60 50 50

40 35 32 33 27 29 29 30 25 24 2323 2321 21 22 18 18 20 16 16 15 13 9 8 8 10 7 5 6 5 6 6 6 4 3 3 4 2 4 2 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Nothing Spoke to fellow trainee Spoke to friends/family Spoke to member of military staff Made formal complaint Made informal complaint Spoke to Padre/Chaplain Spoke to member of civilian staff Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • Overall, amongst all Phase 2 trainees who were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees, the most common actions were to do nothing (25%), speak to a fellow trainee (23%) or speak to friends/family (23%). • RAF trainees who were badly or unfairly treated were particularly likely to speak to a fellow trainee (33%). • 35% of Phase 2 trainees who felt they were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees chose not to report what action they took.

190 PERCEIVED REASON FOR BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q105-Staff. Why do you think you were badly or unfairly treated by staff?

50 40 40 35 36 36 32 30 30 21 18 18 19 20 13

10 5 5 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 3 1 0 2 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Your social background/ class Where you come from Your age Your sex Your race, colour or ethnic origin Your religion Your sexual orientation Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer Don't know

Key figures • A third (32%) of trainees who felt they were badly or unfairly treated did not know why, a further 35% did not wish to answer why, and 21% felt the bad treatment was due to a reason other than the options available.

191 PERCEIVED REASON FOR BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q105-Trainees. Why do you think you were badly or unfairly treated by other trainees?

30 23 22 18 1820 20 17 13 15 15 12 12 1010 101210 9 9 8 7 8 8 7 8 10 6 4 6 6 6 2 2 2 0 2 2 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Your social background/ class Where you come from Your age Your sex Your race, colour or ethnic origin Your sexual orientation Your religion Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer Don't know

Key figures • Just over a third (37%) of trainees who felt they were badly or unfairly treated did not wish to answer why, a further 23% did not know why and 17% felt the bad treatment was due to a reason other than the options available.

192 REASON FOR NOT COMPLAINING ABOUT BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q106-Staff. If you did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment, why was this?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by staff or other trainees and who did not make a complaint): Total (273), Army (136), Royal Navy (71), RAF (62), Royal Marines (4**) Current year results (%) 80 70 70 60

50 45 43 37 40 30 22 23 23 21 1918 15 15 16 15 20 131212 1212 13 13 13 119 9 11 9 9 11 11 10 8 8 8 6 7 7 7 7 6 7 8 6 6 6 10 3 2 3 3 4 3 1 0 1 0 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Didn't believe anything would be done Didn't think people would believe me/take me seriously Thought it would cause problems on the course Considered the incident(s) too minor to report Didn't know what to do Thought that it would be repeated or get worse Thought would be considered a troublemaker Thought it might be bad for my career Too difficult Didn't want to go through complaints procedure Didn't know who to complain to Was persuaded not to Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • The most common reason for not complaining about an incident of bad or unfair treatment was that the trainee did not believe anything would be done as a result of the complaint (22%). • More than 4 in 10 Phase 2 trainees (45%) who did not complain about their bad or unfair treatment chose not to answer this question.

** Base too small to report

193 REASON FOR NOT COMPLAINING ABOUT BAD OR UNFAIR TREATMENT Phase 2 Trainees Q106-Trainees. If you did not complain about any incident of bad or unfair treatment, why was this?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who said they were badly or unfairly treated by staff or other trainees and who did not make a complaint): Total (192), Army (94), Royal Navy (51), RAF (45), Royal Marines (2**) Current year results (%) 80

63 60 50 51

40 36 36 27 21 20 17 17 15 1616 20 141413 1312 1312 141414 12 13 9 10 11 11 8 8 6 7 8 6 6 7 7 5 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Considered the incident(s) too minor to report Didn't think people would believe me/take me seriously Thought it would cause problems on the course Thought that it would be repeated or get worse Didn't believe anything would be done Didn't want to go through complaints procedure Didn't know what to do Too difficult Thought it might be bad for my career Thought would be considered a troublemaker Was persuaded not to Didn't know who to complain to Anything else/something different from above Do not wish to answer

Key figures • The most common reason for not complaining about an incident of bad or unfair treatment from another trainee was that the trainee thought that the incident was too minor to report (21%). • Half of Phase 2 trainees who did not complain about their bad or unfair treatment chose not to answer this question.

** Base too small to report

194 Setbacks during training

195 ILLNESS OR INJURY DURING TRAINING Phase 2 Trainees 49. Were you ever ill or injured during training?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes and I reported it, or ‘yes but I did not report it’ Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 45 55 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 44 55 Comparison RN 41 58 with previous year RAF 48 52

RM 79 21

Yes (and either reported or did not report it) No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

% Yes 40 RN

20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 53 53 52 50 44 44 RN 41 46 39 40 39 41 RAF 47 47 51 48 46 48 RM 69 79

Number of respondents (all Phase 2) who were ill or injured: Total (2,564), Army (1,326), Royal Navy (547), RAF (647), Royal Marines (44) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes and I reported it’ Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 82 18 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 82 18 Comparison RN 83 17 with previous year RAF 81 19

RM 77 18

Yes and I reported it Yes but I did not report it

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % I reported% it I 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 86 86 85 85 82 RN 80 83 84 83 82 83 RAF 81 85 82 84 84 81 RM 78 77

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who were ill or injured and reported it): Total (2,099), Army (1,084), Royal Navy (455), RAF (526), Royal Marines (34). % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 53 36 6 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 50 37 7 4 Comparison RN 58 34 4 3 with previous RAF 56 36 5 3 year RM 29 38 18 9 6

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • More Royal Navy trainees felt that their 60 Army injury/illness was properly dealt with in 2019-20 at 92%, compared to 86% in 2018-19. 40 RN % Positive 20 RAF RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 87 87 88 88 87 RN 88 88 88 88 86 92 RAF 90 90 89 88 90 91 RM 86 68

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 198 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. STAFF HELP AND SUPPORT DURING ILLNESS/INJURY Phase 2 Trainees 50. Please indicate how you feel about the following statements: Staff helped and supported me when I was ill/injured Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who were ill or injured and reported it): Total (2,099), Army (1,084), Royal Navy (455), RAF (526), Royal Marines (34). % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 49 35 11 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 46 37 12 4 Comparison RN 53 33 10 with previous RAF 53 31 11 4 year RM 24 50 15 9

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

80 Army 60 RN 40

% Positive RAF 20 RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 83 78 82 81 84 83 RN 86 87 87 87 84 87 RAF 88 90 88 84 89 84 RM 91 74

50a. Would you have felt comfortable to report sick, if you had been ill or injured during training?

Number of respondents (all respondents who were not ill/injured): Total (3,141), Army (1,654), Royal Navy (770), RAF (705), Royal Marines (12*) Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘yes’

Current year results (%) Differences

Total 84 16 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines* Army 85 15 Comparison RN 83 17 with previous RAF 84 16 year RM* 83 17

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

% Yes 40 RN

20 RAF

0 RM* 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 86 84 85 RN 86 85 83 RAF 86 85 84 RM* 76 83

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be large • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 200 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. REASON FOR NOT REPORTING ILLNESS OR INJURY Phase 2 Trainees 51. Why did you not report it?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who were ill or injured and did not report it): Total (465), Army (242), Royal Navy (92), RAF (121), Royal Marines (10*)

Current year results (%)

100 90

80 62 63 60 59 56 60 54 54 54 48

40 30 30 20 20 15 12 11 9 8 10 6 4 7 5 4 4 4 5 4 6 5 6 2 1 3 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines* Did not wish to risk delaying my training It was too minor Felt other trainees / staff would consider me weak if I did so Feel people who report sick are weak Would not report sick, unless I was told to Was afraid I'd be medically discharged Anything else/something different from above No answer

Key figures • Of those who did not report their illness or injury, the most common reason for not reporting it was that they did not wish to risk delaying their training; 59% did not report it for this reason. The second most common reason is that the illness or injury was felt to be too minor to report (54%). • Smaller proportions did not report their illness or injury due to other reasons, which include feeling that others would consider them weak, feeling that those who report sick are weak, or not feeling they should report sick unless they were told to.

* Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be large fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size 201 RESULT OF NOT REPORTING SICK Phase 2 Trainees 52. What was the result of not reporting sick?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who were ill or injured and did not report it): Total (465), Army (242), Royal Navy (92), RAF (121), Royal Marines (10*). Comments and significant differences based on % saying ‘no impact’ Current year results (%) Differences

Total 88 5 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 87 5 5 Marines* RN 85 3 9 Comparison with previous RAF 89 5 4 year RM* 100 No impact Illness/injury worsened - forced to temporarily leave training to recover Illness/injury worsened - forced to leave unit to recover Other impact No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

20 RAF % No impact

0 RM* 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 87 87 88 84 84 87 RN 82 87 88 84 77 85 RAF 92 94 95 95 94 89 RM* 84 100

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be large • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 202 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. WHETHER HAD TO REPEAT TRAINING Phase 2 Trainees 54. Did you have to repeat training?

Royal Total 8 91 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 7 91 Comparison RN 4 95 with previous year RAF 12 88 RM 29 71

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN % Yes 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 5 5 5 6 7 7 RN 9 4 5 6 5 4 RAF 8 10 10 11 10 12 RM 20 29

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who had to repeat training): Total (447), Army (213), Royal Navy (51), RAF (167), Royal Marines (16*). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘yes’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 82 17 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines* Army 78 21 Comparison RN 76 20 4 with previous year RAF 89 10 RM* 81 19

Yes No No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

% Yes 40 RN

20 RAF

0 RM* 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 78 79 72 80 86 78 RN 86 88 84 82 87 76 RAF 81 85 86 88 88 89 RM* 89 81

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. * Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be large • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 204 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. REASON GIVEN FOR REPEATING TRAINING Phase 2 Trainees 56. What reasons were you given for repeating training?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who had to repeat training): Total (447), Army (213), Royal Navy (51), RAF (167), Royal Marines (16*)

Current year results (%) 60 51 50 50 44 43 44 40 41 40 31 32 30 23 21 18 20 14 13 8 10 8 10 10 10 6 6 6 5 3 5 4 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines*

Failed a trade or skill test Medical or injury Failed an exercise Told attitude or behaviour/ conduct was inappropriate Failed a fitness test Anything else/something different from above No answer

Key figures • Of those who reported that they had to repeat training, just over 4 in every 10 (44%) did so because they failed a trade or skill test. This was followed by a medical issue or injury (31%). • The pattern of results was slightly different for Royal Marines, with these trainees less likely to mention failing a trade or skill test, and more likely to mention that they had failed an exercise.

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. large fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 205 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. General

206 SATISFACTION WITH TRAINING EXPERIENCE Phase 2 Trainees KPI1. Taking everything into account, how would you rate your overall satisfaction with the training experience you have had at your unit? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘very satisfied’ or ‘satisfied’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 24 56 15 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 23 55 16 4 Marines RN 23 55 17 3 Comparison RAF 26 59 11 with previous year RM 16 66 14 Very satisfied Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Unsatisfied Very unsatisfied Don't know

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a lower proportion of Army and RAF trainees were satisfied with the training 60 Army experience. 40 RN • For Army trainees there was a fall from 81% in 20 RAF 2018-19 to 78% 2019-20, and for RAF trainees a % Positive fall from 89% to 86%. 0 RM 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 77 77 76 81 78 RN 85 81 79 76 78 RAF 90 86 88 89 86 RM 78 82

Please note this question was not introduced until 2015-16 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. The rating scale was altered in 2018-19, previously a 7 point scale • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. was used with a top box rating of ‘extremely satisfied’. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years The answer options ‘Extremely satisfied’ and ‘Extremely dissatisfied’ • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes were removed in 2018. 207 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. REGULAR FEEDBACK ON PERFORMANCE Phase 2 Trainees

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I received regular feedback on my performance Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences Total 27 49 15 6 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 25 48 17 8 Marines RN 30 47 15 5 Comparison with previous RAF 30 51 13 5 year RM 23 54 14 5

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a lower proportion of Army trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ 60 Army that they received regular feedback on 40 RN performance; a fall from 76% to 72% in 2019-20. 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 69 70 71 73 76 72 RN 80 81 79 81 75 77 RAF 83 89 84 86 82 81 RM 80 77

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The reasons for doing things were explained to me Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences Total 28 54 13 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 27 54 13 4 Marines RN 28 52 14 3 Comparison with previous RAF 29 54 12 4 year RM 21 55 18

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

20 RAF % Positive RM 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 81 81 82 82 83 80 RN 86 85 84 83 78 81 RAF 89 90 86 86 86 83 RM 80 77

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The staff/instructors did all they could to help me succeed in training Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 42 47 8 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 40 48 9 Comparison RN 41 47 8 with previous RAF 49 42 7 year RM 29 54 7 9

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a bigger proportion of Royal

60 Army Navy trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that the staff/instructors did all they could to 40 RN help them succeed in training; an increase from

20 RAF 85% to 88% in 2019-20. % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 89 89 89 89 89 RN 91 92 90 89 85 88 RAF 95 96 91 92 92 91 RM 83 82

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I feel I personally benefited from the course Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 46 45 7 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 44 46 7 Comparison RN 43 45 7 with previous RAF 52 40 6 year RM 45 48 5

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 92 91 91 90 91 90 RN 92 94 90 90 86 88 RAF 96 96 93 94 93 92 RM 93 93

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I feel a sense of achievement

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 47 41 8 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 46 43 8 Comparison RN 44 42 9 with previous RAF 54 37 7 year RM 57 32 7 Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 90 89 88 88 89 89 RN 91 90 88 88 84 86 RAF 95 95 91 91 90 90 RM 93 89

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I felt challenged

Total 39 44 11 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 36 45 12 3 Comparison RN 36 46 11 4 with previous RAF 48 39 9 year RM 57 36 4

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a lower proportion of Army

60 Army trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ that they felt challenged; a fall from 84% to 81% in 40 RN 2019-20. 20 RAF • Compared to 2018-19, a higher proportion of Royal % Positive Navy trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 ‘agree’ that they felt challenged; an increase from Army 84 83 83 84 84 81 78% to 82% in 2019-20. RN 83 84 84 84 78 82 RAF 88 89 87 89 88 87 RM 95 93

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 213 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. TRAINING COMPARISON TO EXPECTATIONS Phase 2 Trainees 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? The training was what I expected Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 24 46 19 7 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 25 48 17 7 Comparison RN 25 46 19 6 with previous RAF 24 44 22 8 year RM 27 41 18 11

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 71 70 70 70 73 72 RN 76 76 72 73 68 71 RAF 72 71 67 68 70 68 RM 75 68

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I enjoyed this phase of training Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 32 45 15 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 32 45 15 4 Comparison RN 29 46 16 4 with previous RAF 36 44 14 3 year RM 30 55 11

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a lower proportion of RAF trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ 60 Army that they enjoyed this phase of training, a fall from 40 RN 85% to 81% in 2019-20.

20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 77 75 78 76 79 77 RN 82 81 77 75 71 75 RAF 90 88 83 83 85 81 RM 81 86

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 215 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. PRIDE Phase 2 Trainees 58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I feel proud to be in the Navy/RM/Army/RAF/Royal Marines Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 52 35 9 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 51 36 9 Comparison RN 43 40 12 3 with previous RAF 64 28 5 year RM 68 25 4

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 92 90 89 87 87 87 RN 90 90 86 85 82 83 RAF 95 94 91 93 94 92 RM 94 93

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? I understand the core values of the Navy/RM/Army/RAF/Royal Marines Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 57 38 3 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 56 38 3 Comparison RN 49 44 4 with previous RAF 66 30 year RM 64 32

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018-19, a higher proportion of Royal Navy trainees said that they ‘strongly agree’ or 60 Army ‘agree’ that they understand the core values of the 40 RN Royal Navy; a gain from 89% to 93% in 2019-20. 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 96 96 96 96 95 95 RN 95 96 94 94 89 93 RAF 98 99 98 97 97 96 RM 96 96

58. Below are some statements … To what extent do you agree or disagree with each? Generally military personnel uphold the core values Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say 'strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 41 44 10 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 41 45 9 Comparison RN 36 45 12 3 with previous RAF 45 42 9 year RM 41 46 7

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Prefer not to say/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 87 86 86 86 86 RN 86 85 84 80 79 81 RAF 88 87 84 83 88 87 RM 88 88

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘about right’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 8 86 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 8 86 Comparison RN 9 83 4 with previous year RAF 8 86 4 RM 9 84

Much too easy Too easy About right Too hard Much too hard No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN

20 RAF about right about

% 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 88 87 86 86 87 86 RN 83 89 85 86 79 83 RAF 91 91 88 88 87 86 RM 91 84

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who ‘much better’ or ‘better’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 17 38 35 7 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 18 38 35 7 Comparison RN 15 32 41 9 with previous year RAF 19 43 32 6 RM 14 39 32 11

Much better Better About the same Worse Much worse No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 59 58 57 53 54 56 RN 52 55 51 48 47 47 RAF 64 64 60 59 61 61 RM 47 54

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘mine is much better’ or ‘mine is better’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 12 25 28 25 9 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 11 24 27 26 10 Comparison RN 13 23 29 25 9 with previous year RAF 11 29 29 24 7 RM 7 16 46 27 Mine is much better Mine is better About the same Mine is worse Mine is much worse No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

20 RAF % Positive

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 44 36 34 33 34 36 RN 38 34 34 34 37 36 RAF 38 37 38 39 39 40 RM 9 11

• Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 221 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. PERCEPTIONS OF PAY AND BENEFITS BEING FAIR Phase 2 Trainee PAY3. To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pay and benefits I receive are fair for the work I do ? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘mine is much better’ or ‘mine is better’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 12 42 27 14 4 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 10 41 27 16 4 Comparison Question Question Question Question RN 13 40 29 13 4 with previous new this year new this year new this year new this year RAF 15 46 25 12 year RM 5 20 29 27 20

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree No answer

Trend* 100

60 Army 40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2019-20 Army 51 RN 53 RAF 61 RM 25

Please note this question was not introduced until 2019-20 • Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. • Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart. • Please refer to Annex C for the sample base size in previous years • Though differences between years may seem large in magnitude, only statistically significant differences are considered meaningful changes 222 • Due to data quality issues data for the RM in 2019 are not comparable to 2018. Hopes for the future

223 PLAN FOR AFTER TRAINING Phase 2 Trainees 67. What are you doing next?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56)

Current year results (%)

90 84 79 80 67 70 66 60 51 50 37 40 30 20 20 20 13 8 6 4 5 5 4 6 4 10 3 2 1 0 2 2 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 0 Total Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

Posted to a unit Move to next phase of training Waiting for a course to start Transferring to another regiment or trade Leaving the Service No answer

Key figures • When approaching the end of their Phase 2 training experience, the majority of trainees (67%) expect to be posted to a unit. • Amongst RAF trainees and Royal Marines trainees, this figure rises to 84% and 79% respectively.

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. 224 HOPES FOR THE FUTURE Phase 2 Trainees 68. What are your hopes for the future?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 not leaving the Service): Total (5,602), Army (2,984), Royal Navy (1,291), RAF (1,272), Royal Marines (55). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘hope to make a career in Service’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 73 10 15 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Army 70 11 16 Marines RN 70 11 15 Comparison with previous RAF 80 7 11 year RM 69 13 18

Hope to make a career in Service Hope to stay to the end of sign-up period Probably leave before or at end of training Undecided No answer

Trend Key figures 100

80 • Compared to 2018,-19 a higher proportion of RAF trainees said that they ‘hope to make a career in 60 Army Service’; a rise from 75% to 80% in 2019-20. 40 RN

20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 73 73 72 68 71 70 RN 69 71 69 71 69 70

hope to make a career in Service in amaketo careerhope RAF 78 78 72 71 75 80 % RM 78 69

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who are leaving the Service): Total (121), Army (9**), Royal Navy (30), RAF (81), Royal Marines (1**)

Current year results (%)

100 87 90 82 85 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 8 10 9 6 4 10 2 2 ** Base too small to report 0 0 3 1 1 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army** Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Leaving of own choice i.e. discharge as of right Leaving as unable to meet standards for my chosen trade Leaving because judged unsuitable for military service Leaving for medical reasons No answer

Key figures • Of those Phase 2 trainees who are leaving the Service, 82% are leaving of their own choice.

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. ** Base too small to report 226 REASONS FOR LEAVING THE SERVICE BY OWN CHOICE Phase 2 Trainees 71. Why are you leaving the Service by your own choice?

Number of respondents (all Phase 2 who are leaving the Service by own choice): Total (149), Army (29*), Royal Navy (44), RAF (76), Royal Marines (0*) Current year results (%)

60 48 50 43 41 40 30 28 30 27 24 24 24 25 25 23 20 22 21 20 16 17 17 17 16 16 17 141313 14 14 12 11 11 11 10 9 8 10 7 7 3 3 5 0 ** Base too small to report 0 Total Army* Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines** Civilian life more appealing Not what expected Do not like the lifestyle Not able to do the trade I wanted Miss family or friends too much Family situation Financial reasons Do not like the way I was treated Anything else/something different from above No answer

Key figures • Among all Phase 2 trainees who are leaving the Service of their own choice, the most common reason is that the civilian life is more appealing (27%), although this was closely followed by the Service not being what they expected (24%) and they did not like the lifestyle (20%). • The pattern varies across the different Services, with Royal Navy trainees particularly mentioning that they did not like the lifestyle (43%), and RAF trainees saying it was to do with something that was not listed on the questionnaire (41%).

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. * Caution: low base (< 30 respondents), there can be large fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size ** Base too small to report 227 PREPAREDNESS TO GO ONTO NEXT STAGE OF CAREER Phase 2 Trainees 72. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement about the training you received at unit?.. l feel prepared to go on to the next stage of my career. Number of respondents (all Phase 2 not leaving the Service): Total (5,602), Army (2,984), Royal Navy (1,291), RAF (1,272), Royal Marines (55). % positive equals the proportion who say ‘strongly agree’ or ‘agree’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Royal Total 25 54 15 3 3 Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 26 53 15 3 3 Comparison RN 24 53 17 3 with previous year RAF 25 57 14 RM 25 60 9 4

Strongly agree Neither agree nor disagree Strongly disagree Agree Disagree Don’t know/ No answer

Trend 100

60 Army 40 RN 20 RAF % Positive 0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 83 82 81 80 81 79 RN 83 86 80 83 74 76 RAF 91 89 83 82 84 82 RM 90 85

Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) % positive equals the proportion who say ‘definitely’ or ‘probably’ – comments and significant differences based on this Current year results (%) Differences

Total 46 41 9 Royal Army Royal Navy RAF Marines Army 45 41 10 RN 39 45 12 Comparison with previous RAF 58 37 4 year RM 54 34 11

Definitely Probably Probably not Definitely not No answer

Trend 100

60 Army

40 RN

% Positive 20 RAF

0 RM 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Army 89 87 84 82 84 86 RN 88 88 85 84 83 84 RAF 96 95 92 92 93 95 RM 85 88

230 POINT IN COURSE AT TIME OF COMPLETING SURVEY Phase 1 Recruits 66. At the time of completing this survey, are you …?

Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108)

Current year results (%)

Total 8 81 10

Army 3 85 11

Royal Navy 2 97

RAF 5 90 5

Royal Marines 42 26 31

Part-way through your course At the end of your course Leaving training early No answer

Key figures • At the point of providing feedback the majority of recruits were at the end of their course, with more Royal Marines recruits completing the survey part-way through their course.

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart.

231 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Army Recruits

9. Where are you from?, 10. What is your background, 11. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Army (4,353) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 1 Army respondents who have a faith/religion: 1,785 Where are you from? (%)

73 5 5 11

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

79 3 11 3

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

35 56 6 3

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say Something different from above

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

42 51 7

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the chart.

232 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Army Recruits

Demog1. What gender are you?, Demog2. How old are you?, Demog3. Which of the following applies to you [marital status], Demog4. Are you…? [sexual orientation] Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Army (4,353)

Gender (%)

88 12

Male Female

Age (%)

19 26 41 10 3

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

74 4 4 14

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

233 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Army Recruits

4. How long have you been in the [Service]?, 6b. Have you previously been a member of another country’s Armed Forces?, 7. What is the highest qualification you have? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Army (4,353)

Length of service (%)

4 83 12

Between 1 and 4 weeks (Up to 28 days) Between 5 and 26 weeks (1-6 months) Between 27 weeks and 52 weeks (7-12 months) 1-2 years 2-3 years More than 3 years No answer Previous service in another country’s Armed Forces (%)

95 4

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

8 5 38 3 14 18 8 6

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 234 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Army Recruits

6a. Have you previously served in the Regular Armed Forces? 5. Prior to joining have you been a member of any of the following organisations for longer than 6 months? Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Army (4,353)

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

100 92 80 60 40 20 5 0 0 1 2 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 72

40 18 20 2 0 4 1 0 2 2 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

235 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits

9. Where are you from?, 10. What is your background, 11. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Royal Navy (1,619) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 1 Royal Navy respondents who have a faith/religion: 626 Where are you from? (%)

74 10 6 8

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

88 7

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

35 59 3

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say Something different from above

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

37 58 6

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

236 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits

Gender (%)

88 12

Male Female

Age (%)

13 30 44 11 3

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

73 3 4 17

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

93 3

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 237 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits

Length of service (%)

95 4

Yes No No answer

Highest qualification (%)

4 29 3 24 22 10 6

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 238 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Navy Recruits

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

97 100 80 60 40 20 1 1 0 0 0 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 70

20 13 10 2 0 1 0 2 2 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

239 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 RAF Recruits

9. Where are you from?, 10. What is your background, 11. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 1): RAF (1,918) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 1 RAF respondents who have a faith/religion: 588 Where are you from? (%)

84 7 5

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

28 67 3 3

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say Something different from above

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

19 77 5

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 240 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 RAF Recruits

Gender (%)

85 15

Male Female

Age (%)

14 30 46 6 3

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

72 4 18

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

241 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 RAF Recruits

Length of service (%)

96 3

96 4

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

4 25 4 31 20 13

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 242 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 RAF Recruits

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

97 100 80 60 40 20 1 0 1 1 0 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 65 60

40 21 20 8 2 0 2 1 1 1 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

243 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits

8a. Where are you from?, 9. What is your background, 10. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Royal Marines (1,108) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 1 Royal Marines respondents who have a faith/religion: 372 Where are you from? (%)

77 6 7 5 3

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

95 3

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

32 64 3

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say Something different from above

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

23 70 6

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 244 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits

Gender (%)

100

Male Female

Age (%)

6 22 61 9

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

64 3 6 25

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 245 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits

Length of service (%)

58 29 9

96 3

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

3 7 23 4 26 21 12 4

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels

A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

246 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 1 Royal Marines Recruits

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

100 94 80 60 40 20 1 0 0 4 0 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 72

20 14 6 4 0 0 2 2 1 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

247 Phase 2 Respondent profiles

248 POINT IN COURSE AT TIME OF COMPLETING SURVEY Phase 2 Trainees 66. At the time of completing this survey are you…?

Number of respondents: Total (5, 723), Army (2, 993), Royal Navy (1, 321), RAF (1, 353), Royal Marines (56)

Current year results (%)

Total 92 4

Army 3 93 3

Royal Navy 93 4 3

RAF 89 9

Royal Marines 7 88 5

Part-way through your course At the end of your course Leaving training early No answer

Key figures • Across all three services, the most common time of completing the survey was at the end of the course (92%).

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

249 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Army Trainees

8a. Where are you from?, 9. What is your background, 10. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Army (2,993) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 2 Army respondents who have a faith/religion: 1,252

Where are you from? (%)

75 5 5 5 7

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

81 7 5

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

32 54 10 4

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

34 58 8

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

250 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Army Trainees

Gender (%)

89 11

Male Female Age (%)

7 29 46 12 5

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer Marital Status (%)

71 7 4 16

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 251 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Army Trainees

4. How long have you been in the [Service]?, 6b. Have you previously been a member of another country’s Armed Forces?, 7. What is the highest qualification you have? 17. Is this your first Phase 2 training course? Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Army (2,993)

Length of service (%)

13 38 39 4 7

Between 1 and 4 weeks (Up to 28 days) Between 5 and 26 weeks (1-6 months) Between 27 weeks and 52 weeks (7-12 months) 1-2 years 2-3 years More than 3 years Previous service in another country’s Armed Forces (%)

94 6

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

5 10 35 4 14 18 8 6

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above First Phase 2 training (%)

82 18

Yes No

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 252 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Army Trainees

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

100 89 80 60 40

20 8 0 0 1 2 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%) 80 72

40 17 20 2 0 4 1 1 3 1 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

253 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees

8a. Where are you from?, 9. What is your background, 10. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Royal Navy (1,321) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 2 Royal Navy respondents who have a faith/religion: 471 Where are you from? (%)

76 11 6 3

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

90 3

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

33 60 4

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

17 73 10

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

254 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees

Gender (%)

91 8

Male Female Age (%)

6 23 52 13 5

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

68 5 5 18

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say

Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 255 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees

Length of service (%)

9 57 29 1 4

95 5

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

9 28 4 23 23 8 3

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above First Phase 2 training (%)

84 16

Yes No

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 256 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Navy Trainees

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

100 90 80 60 40 20 3 3 0 2 2 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 70

20 15 7 5 3 0 1 0 2 1 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

257 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 RAF Trainees

8a. Where are you from?, 9. What is your background, 10. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 2): RAF (1,353) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 2 RAF respondents who have a faith/religion: 470

Where are you from? (%)

80 8 7

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

91 3

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

32 62 3 3

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

17 76 7

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 258 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 RAF Trainees

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

100 91 80 60 40 20 3 1 4 1 1 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 68

40 19 20 6 2 0 2 1 2 1 3 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

259 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 RAF Trainees

Gender (%)

85 15

Male Female Age (%)

6 24 52 13 5

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

68 6 4 18

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 260 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 RAF Trainees

Length of service (%)

26 48 21 1 4

96 4

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

5 25 4 29 20 14 3

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above First Phase 2 training (%)

91 9

Yes No

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 261 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees

8a. Where are you from?, 9. What is your background, 10. Are you…? [religion], 11a. Whether practice faith regularly Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Royal Marines (56) For ‘Do you practise your faith/religion regularly?’: All Phase 2 Royal Marines respondents who have a faith/religion: 28* Where are you from? (%)

77 7 11 4

England Ireland Northern Ireland Scotland Wales Commonwealth country Something different from above No answer

What is your background? (%)

95 5

Any white background Asian Black Chinese Mixed ethnic background Something different from above I'd rather not say No answer

Religion: Are you? (%)

48 46 4

Christian No religion, agnostic or atheist Non-Christian religion I'd rather not say

Do you practise your faith/religion regularly? (%)

25 68 7

Yes No I'd rather not say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts.

262 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees

Gender (%)

100

Male Female

Age (%)

18 63 16

16-17 18-19 20-25 26-30 31+ No answer

Marital Status (%)

54 4 5 34

Single Married/Civil Partnership Living together Long term relationship (not living together) Widowed Divorced Separated Don't Know Prefer not to say Sexual Orientation (%)

100

Heterosexual / Straight Gay man Gay woman / Lesbian Bisexual Don't know Prefer not to say

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 263 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees

Length of service (%)

4 68 21 5 2

96 4

Yes No No answer Highest qualification (%)

4 27 5 29 27 5 2

No qualifications NVQs GCSEs AS Levels A-levels or equivalent BTEC (Diploma) Degree or higher level Something different from above First Phase 2 training (%)

96 4

Yes No

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding. Results less than 3% are not labelled in the charts. 264 RESPONDENT PROFILE Phase 2 Royal Marines Trainees

Previous service in Armed Forces (%)

95 100 80 60 40 20 2 0 0 4 0 0

Army Navy RAF Royal Marines I have not previously served in the Regular Armed Forces No answer

Membership of other organisations prior to joining the Service (%)

80 68

40 16 20 11 7 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 Community Cadet Organisations Combined Cadet Force Volunteer Cadet Corps The Scout Association Girlguiding University Units Reserve Forces Anything else/something different from above (OE) No answer None

Aggregated totals may not add up to 100% due to rounding.

265 Annex A Data cleaning Statistical reliability

266 ANNEX A: DATA CLEANING

▪ The survey is completed online; as part of the survey design some questions are filtered to specific groups of respondents if they are relevant to a subset of respondents only. Full details of the filtering applied is available in the Background Quality Report this is based on: ▪ Phase ▪ School ▪ Responses from other earlier questions within the survey

▪ If there are single response questions e.g. ‘Agree’ or ‘Disagree’ or answer options that are exclusive e.g. ‘Do not wish to answer’ the online survey applies cleaning to allow for one response only to prevent collection of contradictory responses from respondents.

267 ANNEX A: STATISTICAL RELIABILITY ▪ Although in theory everyone should be given the opportunity to complete the survey, in reality only a sample of the overall ‘population’ has been surveyed so we cannot be certain that the figures obtained are exactly those that would have been found, had everybody been interviewed (the ‘true’ values). Statistical tests are carried out between various sub-sets of respondents and over time for certain key indicators (full details of the testing applied is included in the Background Quality Report). This includes the following: ▪ Current vs last year: ▪ Army 2019-20 vs Army 2018-19 ▪ Royal Navy 2019-20 vs Royal Navy 2018-19 ▪ RAF 2019-20 vs RAF 2018-19 ▪ Current year: ▪ Army vs Royal Navy vs RAF vs Royal Marines

▪ For any percentage given, however, we can estimate ‘confidence intervals’ within which the true values are likely to fall. For example; if 10% or 90% of our respondents base of 4,353 Phase 1 Army recruits strongly agreed that the training was what they expected, we can be 99% confident that the ‘true’ value would be between 10.8% and 9.2% (if 10% strongly agree) and between 90.8% or 89.2% (if 90% strongly agree), i.e. a margin of 0.8% on each side.

▪ Similar margins for other percentages and sub-groups of the respondents are given in the following table. It should be remembered that the ‘true’ finding is much more likely to be towards the centre of the possible range of responses than towards the margins.

▪ For similar reasons, apparent differences in results relating to sub groups may, if small, not necessarily reflect genuine attitudinal differences. We can be 99% confident that differences exceeding those in the table on the next page are genuine or ‘significant’ differences.

▪ Please note confidence intervals in the table overleaf refer to questions where all respondents are asked. For routed questions where only a sub-set of respondents are asked (e.g. those who were ill or injured during training), confidence intervals will be larger.

268 ANNEX A: STATISTICAL RELIABILITY

99% Confidence Intervals

Confidence intervals if data point was recorded at..

Size of respondent base on which survey results are based 10% or 90% 20% or 80% 30% or 70% 40% or 60% 50% ± ± ± ± ± Phase 1 Army recruits (4,353) 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 Phase 1 Royal Navy recruits (1,619) 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 Phase 1 RAF recruits (1,918) 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 Phase 1 Royal Marines (1,108) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Phase 2 Army trainees (2,993) 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 Phase 2 Royal Navy trainees (1,321) 1.5 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.5 Phase 2 RAF trainees (1,353) 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Phase 2 Royal Marine trainees (56) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Source: Ipsos MORI

▪ Based on the assumption that all those given the opportunity to complete the survey represent full population of recruits that this survey represents (Army Ph1 8,117, Royal Navy Ph1 2,210, RAF Ph1 2,036, Army Ph2 5,011, Royal Navy Ph2 2,696 , RAF Ph2 1,695). ▪ ~ Due to technical problems encountered during data collection, Phase 1 responses for the Royal Marines include approximately 250 responses from Phase 2 Trainees at CTCRM Lympstone. Some in the sample may have completed the survey twice if they have completed both a Phase 1 and Phase 2 course. It is not possible to state confidence intervals.

269 Annex B Service Comparisons

270 SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SERVICES

▪ The following pages show significant differences between Services.

▪ A result is statistically significant if it is unlikely to have occurred by chance and it simply means there is statistical evidence of a difference between two figures; it does not mean the difference is necessarily large, important, or significant in the common meaning of the word. A statistical difference can still occur if the overall percentage remains the same due to the large base sizes included in the dataset.

▪ Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement.

271 PHASE 1 SERVICE COMPARISONS Phase 1 Recruits Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines

% Higher than % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than RECRUITMENT AND PREPARATION Satisfaction with recruitment process 61% - - - 71% Army RAF RM 66% Army - - 65% - - - Information prior to arrival: Prepared self 75% - - - 84% Army RAF RM 79% Army - - 79% Army - - for physical demands Information prior to arrival: Accurate 50% - RAF RM 52% - RAF RM 42% - - - 43% - - - picture of what life would be like Information prior to arrival: Accurate 63% - RAF - 67% Army RAF - 59% - - - 63% - - - information about what training involved Information prior to arrival: Accurate information about what kit and equipment 59% - - RM 70% Army - RM 68% Army - RM 49% - - - to pack FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Standard of living accommodation 68% RN RAF RM 45% - RAF RM 28% - - - 33% - - RAF

Things to do when off duty on site 51% RN RAF RM 33% - RAF - 25% - - - 32% - - RAF

Sports facilities 68% - RAF RM 76% Army RAF RM 40% - - - 47% - - RAF

Medical care 84% - - - 87% Army RAF - 82% - - - 84% - - -

Dental care 84% - - RM 87% Army RAF RM 84% - - - 81% - - -

Time for essential personal administration 52% - - RM 58% Army RAF RM 53% - - RM 34% - - -

Access to IT for personal use 35% - - - 35% - - - 41% Army RN - 51% Army RN RAF

Internet access 64% RN - RM 43% - - - 77% Army RN RM 54% - RN -

Learning Centre to study after hours 34% RN RAF - 30% - RAF - 25% - - - 44% Army RN RAF

Laundry facilities 45% - RAF RM 46% - RAF RM 38% - - RM 23% - - -

Personal kit 83% RN - RM 80% - - RM 85% - RN RM 69% - - -

Training facilities 86% - RAF RM 88% Army RAF RM 75% - - - 81% - - RAF

Food 28% RN - RM 16% - - - 29% - RN RM 22% - RN -

Whether given enough time to eat meals 50% - - RM 47% - - RM 64% Army RN RM 31% - - -

I was treated fairly 83% - - RM 92% Army - RM 92% Army - RM 78% - - - Training conducted without sexual or racial 91% - - - 95% Army - - 96% Army - RM 93% - - - harassment Badly or unfairly treated by staff 7% RN RAF - 3% - - - 4% - - - 8% - RN RAF

Badly or unfairly treated by other trainees 8% RN RAF RM 6% - - - 5% - - - 4% - - - Badly or unfairly treated by staff or other 12% RN RAF - 8% - - - 8% - - - 10% - - - trainees

Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement. 273 PHASE 1 SERVICE COMPARISONS Phase 1 Recruits Number of respondents (all Phase 1): Total (8,998), Army (4,353), Royal Navy (1,619), RAF (1,918), Royal Marines (1,108) [Except questions with ** as asked based on of sub-group only] Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Injury was properly dealt with** 87% RN - RM 81% - - - 85% - - RM 78% - - - Staff helped and supported when 77% - - - 85% Army - RM 82% Army - RM 75% - - - ill/injured** Would have felt comfortable to report sick 76% RN RAF - 69% - - - 65% - - - 71% - - - if had been ill/injured** Warned personally about possibility of 72% - - - 85% - - - 78% - - - 83% Army - - repeating training** GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training experience 83% - - RM 91% Army RAF RM 86% Army - RM 78% - - - Received regular feedback on performance 67% - RAF - 65% - RAF - 56% - - - 76% Army RN RAF Reasons for doing things were explained 75% - - - 80% Army RAF RM 74% - - - 76% - - - Staff/instructors did all they could to help 86% - - RM 91% Army - RM 92% Army - RM 77% - - - succeed in training Felt personally benefited from the course 90% - - - 95% Army - RM 94% Army - - 92% - - - Feel a sense of achievement 90% - - RM 95% Army - RM 93% Army - RM 85% - - - Felt challenged 87% - - - 91% Army - - 91% Army - - 95% Army RN RAF Training was what expected 62% - RAF - 64% - RAF - 54% - - - 65% - - RAF Enjoyed this phase of training 73% - - RM 78% Army RAF RM 71% - - RM 63% - - - Feel proud to be in the Navy/RM/Army/RAF 91% - - - 96% Army - RM 95% Army - RM 91% - - - Understand the core values of the 95% - - - 97% Army - RM 97% Army - RM 94% - - - Navy/RM/Army/RAF Keep in touch with my family when I wasn’t 87% RN - RM 76% - - - 89% - RN RM 82% - RN - on a training task General military personnel uphold the core 87% - - - 93% Army - RM 92% Army - RM 87% - - - values Course was about right (rather than too 78% - - - 83% Army - - 82% Army - - 89% Army RN RAF easy/difficult) Life in Service better than expected 62% - RAF RM 67% Army RAF RM 57% - - RM 41% - - - Pay better than non-military friends 41% - - RM 48% Army RAF RM 42% - - RM 8% - - - Perceptions of pay and benefits being fair 52% - - RM 69% Army RAF RM 60% Army - RM 17% - - - Hope to make career in Service** 81% - - - 86% Army RAF RM 82% - - - 81% - - - Prepared to go onto next stage of career** 84% - - - 87% Army RAF - 82% - - - 88% - - RAF Would recommend joining Service to 92% - - RM 97% Army RAF RM 95% Army - RM 88% - - - others

Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement.274 PHASE 2 SERVICE COMPARISONS Phase 2 Trainees Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) [Except questions with ** as asked based on of sub-group only] Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than PREPARING FOR TRAINING Brief received during Phase 1** 87% - - RM 90% Army - RM 89% - - RM 52% - - - Adequate management during gap Low 86% - - - 90% - - - 83% - - - between Phase 1 and Phase 2** base Adequate management during gap Low 79% - - - 85% - - - 83% - - - between Phase 2 courses** base FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Standard of living accommodation 69% RN RAF RM 39% - - RM 50% - RN RM 16% - - - Things to do when off duty on site 49% RN - RM 37% - - - 46% - RN - 29% - - - Things to do when off duty off site 61% RN - - 54% - - - 65% Army RN - 71% - - - Sports facilities 80% - - RM 85% Army - RM 89% Army RN RM 46% - - - Medical care 74% - - - 83% Army - - 77% - - - 88% - - - Dental care 71% - RAF - 86% Army RAF - 63% - - - 89% Army RAF - Time for essential personal 77% RN RAF RM 72% - - RM 72% - - RM 36% - - - administration Access to IT for personal use 71% RN RAF - 55% - - - 58% - - - 55% - - - Internet access 62% - RAF - 62% - RAF - 53% - - - 77% - RAF - Learning Centre to study after hours 57% - RAF - 62% Army RAF - 44% - - - 57% - - - Laundry facilities 58% - RAF RM 61% - RAF RM 43% - - - 38% - - - Personal kit 76% - - RM 76% - - RM 79% - - RM 57% - - - Training facilities 85% RN - - 80% - - - 87% - RN - 77% - - - Food 37% RN - RM 25% - - - 35% - RN RM 14% - - - Whether given enough time to eat 93% - - RM 91% - - RM 91% - - RM 32% - - - meals Given option to comment on PAYD 63% - RAF RM 73% Army RAF RM 55% - - RM 11% - - - meals

Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement. 275 PHASE 2 SERVICE COMPARISONS Phase 2 Trainees Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) [Except questions with ** as asked based on of sub-group only] Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than SUPPORT Had all support required for learning Low 88% - - - 94% - - - 95% - - - need/difficulty** base Opportunity to talk privately with training 87% - - RM 87% - - RM 93% Army RN RM 73% - - - staff Opportunity to talk privately with 75% - - - 83% Army - - 82% Army - - 75% - - - Chaplains/Padre Opportunity to keep in contact with 92% - - RM 91% - - RM 93% - - RM 59% - - - family/friends Opportunity to practise your Low 80% RN - - 65% - - - 68% - - - faith/religion** base Availability of staff for problems out of 94% - - - 94% - - - 96% Army - RM 88% - - - training hours Someone to go to for personal or 92% - - RM 92% - - RM 95% Army RN RM 79% - - - emotional problems Someone to go to for administrative 93% - - - 91% - - - 95% Army RN RM 84% - - - problems Opportunity to raise all concerns with 93% - - RM 91% - - RM 95% Army RN RM 77% - - - person in authority FAIRNESS Awareness of how to complain about 88% - - - 88% - - - 89% - - RM 77% - - - poor or unfair treatment or bullying Full knowledge of Service Complaints 38% - RAF - 39% - RAF - 26% - - - 38% - - - Ombudsman Whether believe complaints are dealt with 62% - - RM 64% - - RM 60% - - - 43% - - - in a fair manner Trainees were all treated fairly 82% - - RM 81% - - RM 83% - - RM 54% - - - I was treated fairly 89% - - RM 88% - - RM 91% - - RM 70% - - - Training conducted without sexual or 95% - - RM 94% - - - 97% Army RN RM 86% - - - racial harassment Badly or unfairly treated by staff 5% - - - 6% - - - 5% - - - 7% - - - Badly or unfairly treated by other trainees 4% - - - 5% - - - 4% - - - 4% - - - Badly or unfairly treated by staff or other 7% - - - 9% - - - 7% - - - 11% - - - trainees

Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement. 276 PHASE 2 SERVICE COMPARISONS Phase 2 Trainees Number of respondents (all Phase 2): Total (5,723), Army (2,993), Royal Navy (1,321), RAF (1,353), Royal Marines (56) [Except questions with ** as asked based on of sub-group only] Army Royal Navy RAF Royal Marines % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than % Higher than SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Injury was properly dealt with** 87% - - RM 92% Army - RM 91% - - RM 68% - - - Staff helped and supported when 83% - - - 87% - - - 84% - - - 74% - - - ill/injured** Would have felt comfortable to report 85% - - - 83% - - - 84% - - - 83%* - - - sick if had been ill/injured** Warned personally about possibility of 78% - - - 76% - - - 89% Army - - 81%* - - - repeating training** GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training 78% - - - 78% - - - 86% Army RN - 82% - - - experience Received regular feedback on 72% - - - 77% Army - - 81% Army - - 77% - - - performance Reasons for doing things were explained 80% - - - 81% - - - 83% - - - 77% - - - Staff/instructors did all they could to help 89% - - - 88% - - - 91% - - - 82% - - - succeed in training Felt personally benefited from the course 90% - - - 88% - - - 92% - RN - 93% - - - Feel a sense of achievement 89% - - - 86% - - - 90% - RN - 89% - - - Felt challenged 81% - - - 82% - - - 87% Army RN - 93% - - - Training was what expected 72% - RAF - 71% - - - 68% - - - 68% - - - Enjoyed this phase of training 77% - - - 75% - - - 81% Army RN - 86% - - - Feel proud to be in the 87% RN - - 83% - - - 92% Army RN - 93% - - - Navy/RM/Army/RAF Understand the core values of the 95% - - - 93% - - - 96% - RN - 96% - - - Navy/RM/Army/RAF General military personnel uphold the 86% RN - - 81% - - - 87% - RN - 88% - - - core values Course was about right ease 86% RN - - 83% - - - 86% - - - 84% - - - Life in Service better than expected 56% RN - - 47% - - - 61% Army RN - 54% - - - Pay better than non-military friends 36% - - RM 36% - - RM 40% - - RM 11% - - - Perceptions of pay and benefits being fair 51% - - RM 53% - - RM 61% Army RN RM 25% - - - Hope to make career in Service** 70% - - - 70% - - - 80% Army RN - 69% - - - Prepared to go onto next stage of 79% - - - 76% - - - 82% - RN - 85% - - - career** Would recommend joining Service to 86% - - - 84% - - - 95% Army RN - 88% - - - others Please note the % is typically a top two box rating (e.g. ‘very good’ and ‘good’ or ‘strongly agree’ and ‘agree’). At times it may be the combination of two other measures (e.g. ‘all the time’ and ‘most of the time’) or a simple ‘yes’ statement. 277

* Caution: low base (<30 respondents) , there can be large fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size Annex C Base sizes

278 PHASE 1 BASE SIZES Phase 1 Recruits

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

RECRUITMENT AND PREPARATION

Satisfaction with recruitment process Total: 8,422, Total: 10,951, Total: 7,904, Total: 8,221, Royal Navy: Information prior to arrival: Prepared self for physical demands Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Total: 7,003, Total: 8,998, 1,857, 2,843, 1,952, 2,078, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Army: 4,964, Information prior to arrival: Accurate picture of what life would be like Army: 6,279, Army: 4,121, Army: 4,795, 1,405, 1,619, RAF: 1,601 RAF: 1,829 RAF: 1,831 RAF: 1,348 Army: 3,822, Army: 4,353, Information prior to arrival: Accurate information about what training involved RAF: 1,297, RAF: 1,918, RM: 479 RM: 1,108 Information prior to arrival: Accurate information about what kit and equipment to N/A N/A N/A N/A pack

FACILITIES AND AMENITIES

Standard of living accommodation

Things to do when off duty on site

Sports facilities

Medical care Total: 10,951, Dental care Royal Navy: 2,843, Total: 8,998, Time for essential personal administration Army: 6,279, Total: 7,003, Total: 7,904, Total: 8,221, Total: 8,422, Royal Navy: RAF: 1,829 Royal Navy: Access to IT for personal use Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,619, 1,405, 1,952, 2,078, 1,857, Army: 4,353, Army: 3,822, Internet access Army: 4,121, Army: 4,795, Army: 4,964, RAF: 1,918, RAF: 1,297, RAF: 1,831 RAF: 1,348 RAF: 1,601 RM: 1,108 Learning Centre to study after hours RM: 479

Whether given enough time to eat meals

Laundry facilities

Personal kit N/A Training facilities

Food

279 PHASE 1 BASE SIZES Phase 1 Recruits

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

SUPPORT Total: 606, Total: 685, Total: 605, Total: 788, Total: 548, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 66, Royal Navy: 94, Royal Navy: 90, Had all support required for learning need/difficulty N/A 122, 108, Army: 388, Army: 429, Army: 351, Army: 392, Army: 444, RAF: 101, RAF: 149, RAF: 107 RAF: 92 RAF: 133 RM: 50 RM: 116 Total: 733, Total: 1,184, Total: 1,107, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 148, 231, Opportunity to practise your faith/religion 192, Army: 469, Army: 758, Army: 843, RAF: 82, RAF: 109, RAF: 72 RM: 34 RM: 86 Opportunity to talk privately with training staff Total: 10,951, Total: 7,904, Total: 8,221, Opportunity to talk privately with Chaplains/Padre Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 2,843, 1,952, 2,078, Total: 8,998, Total: 7,003, Opportunity to keep in contact with family/friends Army: 6,279, Army: 4,121, Army: 4,795, Total: 8,422, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: RAF: 1,829 RAF: 1,831 RAF: 1,348 Royal Navy: 1,619, Full knowledge of Service Complaints Ombudsman 1,405, 1,857, Army: 4,353, Army: 3,822, Availability of staff for problems out of training hours Army: 4,964, RAF: 1,918, RAF: 1,297, RAF: 1,601 RM: 1,108 Someone to go to for personal or emotional problems RM: 479 Someone to go to for administrative problems Opportunity to raise all concerns with person in authority

FAIRNESS

Trainees were all treated fairly N/A Awareness of how to complain about poor or unfair treatment or bullying Total: 8,998, Total: 7,003, Whether believe complaints are dealt with in a fair manner Total: 7,904, Total: 8,221, Total: 8,422, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Total: 10,951, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,619, I was treated fairly 1,405, Royal Navy: 1,952, 2,078, 1,857, Army: 4,353, Army: 3,822, Training conducted without sexual or racial harassment 2,843, Army: 4,121, Army: 4,795, Army: 4,964, RAF: 1,918, RAF: 1,297, Army: 6,279, RAF: 1,831 RAF: 1,348 RAF: 1,601 RM: 1,108 Badly or unfairly treated by staff RAF: 1,829 RM: 479 Badly or unfairly treated by other trainees Badly or unfairly treated by staff or other trainees

280 PHASE 1 BASE SIZES Phase 1 Recruits 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Total: 2,714, Total: 3,537, Injury was properly dealt with Total: 5,026, Total: 3,513, Total: 3,656, Total: tbc, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 308, 365, 1,149, 852, 785, 668, Army: 1,765, Army: 1,950, Staff helped and supported when ill/injured Army: 3,319, Army: 2,056, Army: 2,322, Army: 2,427, RAF: 383, RAF: 617, RAF: 558 RAF: 605 RAF: 549 RAF: 556 RM: 258 RM: 605 Total: 3,186, Total: 3,803, Total: 3,525, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 782, 865, Would have felt comfortable to report sick if had been ill/injured N/A N/A N/A 850, Army: 1,593, Army: 1,742, Army: 1,901, RAF: 674, RAF: 881, RAF: 774 RM: 137 RM: 315 Total: 1,366, Total: 550, Total: 559, Total: 559, Total: 529, Total: 929, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 56, Royal Navy: 78, Warned personally about possibility of repeating training 493, 135, 169, 147, Army: 260, Army: 271, Army: 547, Army: 244, Army: 279, Army: 249, RAF: 150, RAF: 347, RAF: 326 RAF: 171 RAF: 111 RAF: 163 RM: 63 RM: 233 GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training experience N/A Received regular feedback on performance Reasons for doing things were explained Staff/instructors did all they could to help succeed in training Felt personally benefited from the course Feel a sense of achievement Total: 7,904, Total: 8,221, Total: 8,422, Total: 7,003, Felt challenged Total: 10,951, Total: 8,998, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Training was what expected Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,952, 2,078, 1,857, 1,405, 1,619, Enjoyed this phase of training 2,843, Army: 4,121, Army: 4,795, Army: 4,964, Army: 3,822, Army: 6,279, Army: 4,353, Feel proud to be in the Navy/RM/Army/RAF RAF: 1,831 RAF: 1,348 RAF: 1,601 RAF: 1,297, RAF: 1,829 RAF: 1,918, Understand the core values of the Navy/RM/Army/RAF RM: 479 RM: 1,108 General military personnel uphold the core values Course was about right (rather than too easy/difficult) Life in Service better than expected Pay better than non-military friends Would recommend joining Service to others Keep in touch with my family when I wasn’t on a training task N/A N/A N/A N/A Perceptions of pay and benefits being fair N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Total: 6,406, Total: 8,025, Total: 9,583, Total: 7,224, Total: 7,837, Total: 7,993, Hope to make career in Service Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,405, 1,618, 2,445, 1,648, 1,833, 1,634, Army: 3,479, Army: 3,849, Army: 5,399, Army: 3,805, Army: 4,716, Army: 4,823, Prepared to go onto next stage of career RAF: 1,204, RAF: 1,786, RAF: 1,739 RAF: 1,771 RAF: 1,288 RAF: 1,535 281 RM: 372 RM: 772 PHASE 2 BASE SIZES Phase 2 Trainees 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

SUPPORT Total: 5,328, Total: 4,857, Total: 5,714, Total: 4,549, Total: 4,878, Total: 5,133, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,077, 1,111, 1,286, 925, 1,108, 1,032, Brief received during Phase 1 Army: 2,849, Army: 2,465, Army: 3,116, Army: 2,623, Army: 2,699, Army: 3,184, RAF: 1,032, RAF: 1,227, RAF: 1,310 RAF: 1,001 RAF: 1,070 RAF: 915 RM: 369 RM: 54 Total: 2,588, Total: 2,336, Total: 2,266, Total: 2,352, Total: 2,630, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 214, 206, N/A 144, 200, 194, Adequate management during gap between Phase 1 and Phase 2 Army: 1,756, Army: 1,518, Army: 1,567, Army: 1,624, Army: 1,922, RAF: 575, RAF: 605, RAF: 555 RAF: 527 RAF: 514 RM: 43 RM: 7 Total: 408, Total: 345, Total: 357, Total: 308, Total: 381, Royal Navy: 95, Royal Navy: 74, Royal Navy: 63, Royal Navy: 80, Royal Navy: 98, N/A Army: 265, Army: 216, Adequate management during gap between Phase 2 courses Army: 256, Army: 181, Army: 243, RAF: 38, RAF: 54, RAF: 38 RAF: 44 RAF: 37 RM: 10 RM: 1 FACILITIES AND AMENITIES Standard of living accommodation Things to do when off duty on site Things to do when off duty off site Sports facilities Total: 7,129, Medical care Royal Navy: Dental care 1,642, Army: 4,080, Total: 6,412, Total: 5,723, Time for essential personal administration Total: 5,636, Total: 5,866, Total: 6,269, RAF: 1,404 Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Access to IT for personal use 1,363, 1,321, 1,190, 1,420, 1,349, Army: 3,521, Army: 2,993, Internet access Army: 3,361, Army: 3,273, Army: 3,895, RAF: 1,115, RAF: 1,353, RAF: 1,085 RAF: 1,167 RAF: 1,004 Learning Centre to study after hours RM: 412 RM: 56 Whether given enough time to eat meals Laundry facilities Personal kit Training facilities N/A Food Given option to comment on PAYD meals

282 PHASE 2 BASE SIZES Phase 2 Trainees 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

PREPARING FOR TRAINING Total: 708, Total: 652, Total: 516, Total: 456, Total: 523, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 84, Royal Navy: 95, 116, 144, Had all support required for learning need/difficulty N/A 102, Army: 288, Army: 332, Army: 407, Army: 352, Army: 295, RAF: 84 RAF: 95 RAF: 149, RAF: 151, RAF: 118 RM: 36 RM: 5 Total: 663, Total: 591, Total: 633, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 80, Royal Navy: 91, 109, Opportunity to practise your faith/religion Army: 422, Army: 514, Army: 441, RAF: 82, RAF: 56 RAF: 56, RM: 7** RM: 27* Opportunity to talk privately with training staff

Opportunity to talk privately with Chaplains/Padre Total: 7,129, Total: 5,636, Total: 5,866, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Opportunity to keep in contact with family/friends 1,642, 1,190, 1,420, Total: 6,412, Total: 5,723, Army: 4,080, Army: 3,361, Army: 3,273, Total: 6,269, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Full knowledge of Service Complaints Ombudsman RAF: 1,404 RAF: 1,085 RAF: 1,167 Royal Navy: 1,363, 1,321, 1,349, Army: 3,521, Army: 2,993, Availability of staff for problems out of training hours Army: 3,895, RAF: 1,115, RAF: 1,353, RAF: 1,004 RM: 412 RM: 56 Someone to go to for personal or emotional problems

Someone to go to for administrative problems

Opportunity to raise all concerns with person in authority

FAIRNESS

Trainees were all treated fairly N/A

Awareness of how to complain about poor or unfair treatment or bullying

Whether believe complaints are dealt with in a fair manner Total: 6,412, Total: 5,723, Total: 5,636, Total: 5,866, Total: 6,269, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: I was treated fairly Total: 7,129, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,363, 1,321, Royal Navy: 1,190, 1,420, 1,349, Army: 3,521, Army: 2,993, Training conducted without sexual or racial harassment 1,642, Army: 3,361, Army: 3,273, Army: 3,895, RAF: 1,115, RAF: 1,353, Army: 4,080, RAF: 1,085 RAF: 1,167 RAF: 1,004 RM: 412 RM: 56 Badly or unfairly treated by staff RAF: 1,404

Badly or unfairly treated by other trainees

Badly or unfairly treated by staff or other trainees 283 PHASE 2 BASE SIZES Phase 2 Trainees 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20

SETBACKS DURING TRAINING Total: 2.409, Total: 2.099, Total: 2,953, Total: 2,431, Total: 2,418, Total: 2,509, Injury was properly dealt with Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 442, 455, 540, 455, 466, 442, Army: 1,317, Army: 1,084, Army: 1,885, Army: 1,539, Army: 1,466, Army: 1,654, Staff helped and supported when ill/injured RAF: 428, RAF: 526, RAF: 526 RAF: 437 RAF: 485 RAF: 406 RM: 222 RM: 34 Total: 3,504, Total: 3,141, Total: 3,275, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 816, 770, Would have felt comfortable to report sick if had been ill/injured N/A N/A N/A 810, Army: 1,960, Army: 1,654, Army: 1,931, RAF: 601, RAF: 705, RAF: 522 RM: 127 RM: 12* Total: 468, Total: 327, Total: 526, Total: 447, Total: 360, Total: 409, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 70, Royal Navy: 51, Royal Navy: 77, Royal Navy: 77, Warned personally about possibility of repeating training 140, 174, Army: 257, Army: 213, Army: 167, Army: 225, Army: 211, Army: 48, RAF: 117, RAF: 167, RAF: 116 RAF: 106 RAF: 116 RAF: 105 RM: 82 RM: 16 GENERAL Overall satisfaction with training experience N/A Received regular feedback on performance Reasons for doing things were explained Staff/instructors did all they could to help succeed in training Felt personally benefited from the course Feel a sense of achievement Total: 6,412, Felt challenged Total: 5,636, Total: 5,866, Total: 6,269, Total: 5,723, Total: 7,129, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Training was what expected Royal Navy: 1,363, 1,190, 1,420, 1,349, 1,321, Enjoyed this phase of training 1,642, Army: 3,521, Army: 3,361, Army: 3,273, Army: 3,895, Army: 2,993, Army: 4,080, RAF: 1,115, Feel proud to be in the Navy/RM/Army/RAF RAF: 1,085 RAF: 1,167 RAF: 1,004 RAF: 1,353, RAF: 1,404 RM: 412 Understand the core values of the Navy/RM/Army/RAF RM: 56 General military personnel uphold the core values Course was about right ease Life in Service better than expected Pay better than non-military friends Would recommend joining Service to others Perceptions of pay and benefits being fair N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Total: 6,281, Total: 5,602, Hope to make career in Service Total: 7,040, Total: 5,567, Total: 5,768, Total: 6,169, Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: Royal Navy: 1,332, 1,291, 1,602, 1,153, 1,386, 1,311, Army: 3,504, Army: 2,984, Prepared to go onto next stage of career Army: 4,051, Army: 3,337, Army: 3,241, Army: 3,868, RAF: 1,061, RAF: 1,272, RAF: 1,384 RAF: 1,077 RAF: 1,135 RAF: 971 284 RM: 383 RM: 55

* Caution: low base (<30 respondents) , there can be large fluctuations in the trend data due to low base size Annex D Ipsos MORI’s Standards & Accreditations

285 IPSOS MORI’S STANDARDS & ACCREDITATIONS

Ipsos MORI's standards & accreditations provide our clients with the peace of mind that they can always depend on us to deliver reliable, sustainable findings. Moreover, our focus on quality and continuous improvement means we have embedded a 'right first time' approach throughout our organisation.

ISO 20252 – is the international market research specific The (EU) 2016/679 General Data Protection Regulation standard that supersedes BS 7911 / MRQSA & (GDPR) & the UK Data Protection Act 2018 (DPA) – incorporates IQCS (Interviewer Quality Control Scheme); Ipsos MORI is required to comply with the General Data it covers the 5 stages of a Market Research project. Ipsos Protection Regulation and the UK Data Protection Act; it MORI was the first company in the world to gain this covers the processing of personal data and the protection accreditation. of privacy.

MRS Company Partnership – By being an MRS Ipsos MORI is an active member of EphMRA and BHBIA. Company Partner, Ipsos MORI endorse and support the core MRS brand values of professionalism, research HMG Cyber Essentials – A government backed and key excellence and business effectiveness, and commit to deliverable of the UK’s National Cyber Security comply with the MRS Code of Conduct throughout the Programme. Ipsos MORI was assessment validated for organisation & we were the first company to sign our certification in 2016. Cyber Essentials defines a set of organisation up to the requirements & self regulation of controls which, when properly implemented, provide the MRS Code; more than 350 companies have followed organisations with basic protection from the most prevalent our lead. forms of threat coming from the internet.

ISO 9001 – International general company standard with Fair Data – Ipsos MORI is signed up as a ‘Fair Data’ a focus on continual improvement through quality Company by agreeing to adhere to ten core principles. The management systems. In 1994 we became one of the principles support and complement other standards such early adopters of the ISO 9001 business standard. as ISOs, and the requirements of Data Protection legislation. ISO 27001 – International standard for information security designed to ensure the selection of adequate and proportionate security controls. Ipsos MORI was the first This work was carried out in accordance with the requirements of research company in the UK to be awarded this in August the international quality standard for market research, ISO 20252. 2008.

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