Briones Plants

A photographic guide to wild plants of Briones Regional Park

Sorted by Scientific Name

Photographs by Wilde Legard Botanist, East Bay Regional Park District Revision: February 23, 2007 More than 2,000 species of native and naturalized plants grow wild in the San Francisco Bay Area. Most are very difficult to identify without the help of good illustrations. This is designed to be a simple, color photo guide to help you identify some of these plants.

The selection of plants displayed in this guide is by no means complete. The intent is to expand the quality and quantity of photos over time. The revision date is shown on the cover and on the header of each photo page. A comprehensive plant list for this area (including the many species not found in this publication) can be downloaded at the East Bay Regional Park District’s wild plant download page at: http://www.ebparks.org.

This guide is published electronically in Adobe Acrobat® format to accommodate these planned updates. You have permission to freely download, distribute, and print this pdf for individual use. You are not allowed to sell the electronic or printed versions.

In this version of the guide, the included plants are sorted alphabetically by scientific name. Under each photograph are four lines of information, based on upon the current standard wild plant reference for California: The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California, 1993.

Scientific Name Scientific names revised since 1993 are NOT included in this edition. Common Name These non-standard names are based on Jepson and other local references. Origin & Longevity Native or Introduced. Annual, Biennial, Perennial, or a combination. Scientific Family Name The scientific plant family name according to Jepson.

For readers that prefer a guide focusing on showy wildflowers, sorted by flower color and emphasizing common names, please download the “wildflower” version of this guide.

Readers are encouraged to email any suggestions or corrections to [email protected].

Acer macrophyllum Achillea millefolium Achyrachaena mollis Adiantum jordanii Bigleaf Maple Yarrow Blow Wives Calif. Maidenhair Fern Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Native Perennial Aceraceae Asteraceae Asteraceae Pteridaceae

Aesculus californica Agoseris grandiflora Aira caryophyllea Alisma plantago-aquatica California Buckeye Large-flower Native Dandelion Silver European Hair Grass Common Water Plantain Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Perennial Hippocastanaceae Asteraceae Poaceae Alismataceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 2 of 29

Amsinckia lunaris Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia Anagallis arvensis Anthemis cotula Bentflower Fiddleneck Common Fiddleneck Scarlet Pimpernel Mayweed Native Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Boraginaceae Boraginaceae Primulaceae Asteraceae

Anthriscus caucalis Aphanes occidentalis Aquilegia formosa Artemisia californica Bur-chervil Lady's Mantle Red / Crimson Columbine California Sagebrush Introduced Annual Native Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Apiaceae Rosaceae Ranunculaceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 3 of 29

Artemisia douglasiana Asclepias fascicularis Avena barbata Avena fatua California Mugwort Whorled/Narrow-leaf Milkweed Slender Wild Oat Wild Oat Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Asteraceae Asclepiadaceae Poaceae Poaceae

Baccharis douglasii Baccharis pilularis Barbarea orthoceras Bellardia trixago Douglas/Salt Marsh Baccharis Coyote Bush Erect-pod Winter Cress Bellardia Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Asteraceae Asteraceae Brassicaceae Scrophulariaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 4 of 29

Brassica nigra Brassica rapa Briza maxima Briza minor Black Mustard Yellow Field Mustard Big Quaking Grass Little Quaking Grass Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Poaceae Poaceae

Bromus carinatus var. carinatus Bromus diandrus Bromus hordeaceus Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens California Brome Ripgut Brome Soft Brome Red Foxtail Brome Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Poaceae Poaceae Poaceae Poaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 5 of 29

Calandrinia ciliata Calochortus luteus Calochortus pulchellus Calystegia subacaulis ssp. subacaulis Magenta Red Maids Yellow Mariposa Lily Mt. Diablo Fairy Lantern Shortstem Morning Glory Native Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Portulacaceae Liliaceae Liliaceae Convolvulaceae

Camissonia ovata Capsella bursa-pastoris Cardamine californica Cardamine oligosperma Golden Eggs Suncup Shepherd's Purse Milkmaids Western Bitter Cress Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Onagraceae Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Brassicaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 6 of 29

Carduus pycnocephalus Castilleja affinis ssp. affinis Castilleja attenuata Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta Italian Thistle Common Indian Paintbrush Valley Tassels Purple Owl's Clover Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Asteraceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae

Castilleja foliolosa Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus Centaurea calcitrapa Centaurea solstitialis Woolly Paintbrush Buckbrush Purple Star Thistle Yellow Star Thistle Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual-Biennial Introduced Annual Scrophulariaceae Rhamnaceae Asteraceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 7 of 29

Cerastium glomeratum Cercocarpus betuloides var. betuloides Chamomilla suaveolens Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum Mouse-ear Chickweed Birch-leaf Mt. Mahogany Pineapple Weed Common Soap Plant Introduced Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Perennial Caryophyllaceae Rosaceae Asteraceae Liliaceae

Cirsium vulgare Clarkia unguiculata Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata Clematis ligusticifolia Bull Thistle Elegant Clarkia Common Miner's Lettuce Western Virgin's Bower Introduced Biennial Native Annual Native Annual Native Perennial Asteraceae Onagraceae Portulacaceae Ranunculaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 8 of 29

Collinsia heterophylla Collinsia sparsiflora var. collina Conium maculatum Convolvulus arvensis Chinese Houses Few-flowered Collinsia Poison Hemlock Field Bindweed Native Annual Native Annual Introduced Biennial Introduced Perennial Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Apiaceae Convolvulaceae

Cotula coronopifolia Crassula connata Cynara cardunculus Cynoglossum grande Brass Buttons Sand Pygmy Weed Cardoon / Artichoke Thistle Large Hound's Tongue Introduced Perennial Native Annual Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Asteraceae Crassulaceae Asteraceae Boraginaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 9 of 29

Cynosurus echinatus Cyperus eragrostis Delphinium decorum ssp. decorum Dendromecon rigida Hedgehog Dogtail Grass Tall Nutsedge Coast Larkspur Bush Poppy Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Poaceae Cyperaceae Ranunculaceae Papaveraceae

Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum Dichelostemma congestum Dodecatheon hendersonii Dryopteris arguta Blue Dicks Ookow Mosquitobills Shooting Star Coastal Wood Fern Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Liliaceae Liliaceae Primulaceae Dryopteridaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 10 of 29

Eleocharis macrostachya Elymus glaucus ssp. glaucus Epilobium brachycarpum Epilobium canum ssp. canum Common Spikerush Blue Wild Rye Panicled / Weedy Willowherb California Fuchsia Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Native Perennial Cyperaceae Poaceae Onagraceae Onagraceae

Eremocarpus setigerus Eriodictyon californicum Eriophyllum confertiflorum var. confertiflorum Erodium botrys Turkey Mullein Yerba Santa Golden Yarrow Long-beaked Filaree Native Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Euphorbiaceae Hydrophyllaceae Asteraceae Geraniaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 11 of 29

Erodium cicutarium Erodium moschatum Eschscholzia californica Eucalyptus globulus Red-stem Filaree White-stem Filaree California Poppy Blue Gum Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Geraniaceae Geraniaceae Papaveraceae Myrtaceae

Filago gallica Foeniculum vulgare Fritillaria affinis var. affinis Galium aparine Fluffweed Sweet Fennel Checker Lily Goosegrass Bedstraw Introduced Annual Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Asteraceae Apiaceae Liliaceae Rubiaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 12 of 29

Galium porrigens var. porrigens Geranium dissectum Geranium molle Gnaphalium californicum Climbing Bedstraw Purpletip Cut-leaf Geranium Hairy Dove's Foot Geranium California Everlasting Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Biennial Rubiaceae Geraniaceae Geraniaceae Asteraceae

Gnaphalium luteo-album Helenium puberulum Helianthella castanea Hemizonia congesta ssp. luzulaefolia Weedy Cudweed Rosilla Mt. Diablo Helianthella Hayfield Tarweed Introduced Annual Native Biennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Asteraceae Asteraceae Asteraceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 13 of 29

Heracleum lanatum Heteromeles arbutifolia Holodiscus discolor Hordeum brachyantherum ssp. brachyantherum Cow Parsnip Toyon Creambush / Ocean Spray Meadow Barley Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Apiaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Poaceae

Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum Hypochaeris glabra Hypochaeris radicata Mediterranean Barley Hare Barley Smooth Cat's-ear Rough Cat's-ear Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Perennial Poaceae Poaceae Asteraceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 14 of 29

Juglans californica var. hindsii Juncus patens Juncus xiphioides Lasthenia californica N. California Black Walnut Spreading Rush Iris-leaf Rush Goldfields Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Juglandaceae Juncaceae Juncaceae Asteraceae

Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus Lepidium nitidum var. nitidum Lepidium strictum Lithophragma affine Pale Purple Pacific Pea Threadleaf Peppergrass Prostrate Peppergrass Woodland Star Native Perennial Native Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Fabaceae Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Saxifragaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 15 of 29

Lolium multiflorum Lonicera hispidula var. vacillans Lotus purshianus var. purshianus Lotus scoparius var. scoparius Awned Italian Rye Grass Hairy Vine Honeysuckle Spanish Clover Deerweed Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Native Perennial Poaceae Caprifoliaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae

Lotus wrangelianus Lupinus albifrons var. albifrons Lupinus bicolor Lupinus nanus California Lotus Blue Bush / Silver Lupine Miniature Dove Lupine Douglas Sky Lupine Native Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 16 of 29

Lupinus succulentus Lythrum hyssopifolium Madia sativa Malva nicaeensis Arroyo Lupine Grass Poly Loosestrife Common / Coast Tarweed Bull Mallow Native Annual Introduced Annual-Perennial Native Annual Introduced Annual Fabaceae Lythraceae Asteraceae Malvaceae

Marah fabaceus Marrubium vulgare Medicago polymorpha Melilotus indica Common / California Manroot Common Horehound California Bur Clover Sour Clover Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Cucurbitaceae Lamiaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 17 of 29

Micropus californicus var. californicus Mimulus aurantiacus Mimulus guttatus Nassella pulchra Slender Cottonweed Bush Monkey Flower Golden Monkey Flower Purple Needle Grass Native Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Asteraceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae Poaceae

Nemophila heterophylla Nemophila menziesii var. menziesii Oemleria cerasiformis Oxalis corniculata Variable-leaf Nemophila Baby Blue-eyes Oso Berry Creeping Wood Sorrel Native Annual Native Annual Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Rosaceae Oxalidaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 18 of 29

Pentagramma triangularis ssp. triangularis Phacelia californica Phacelia distans Phacelia imbricata ssp. imbricata Goldenback Fern California / Rock Phacelia Wild Heliotrope Phacelia Rock Phacelia Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Native Perennial Pteridaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae Hydrophyllaceae

Phyla nodiflora var. nodiflora Picris echioides Plagiobothrys nothofulvus Plantago erecta Lemon Verbena Bristly Ox-tongue Nievitas Popcorn Flower California Dwarf Plantain Native Perennial Introduced Annual-Biennial Native Annual Native Annual Verbenaceae Asteraceae Boraginaceae Plantaginaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 19 of 29

Plantago lanceolata Platanus racemosa Platystemon californicus Poa secunda ssp. secunda English Plantain Western Sycamore Cream Cups One-side Blue Grass Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Native Perennial Plantaginaceae Platanaceae Papaveraceae Poaceae

Pogogyne serpylloides Polygonum amphibium var. emersum Polygonum arenastrum Polypodium calirhiza Thymelike Pogogyne Swamp / Water Knotweed Common Yard Knotweed Polypody Fern Native Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Perennial Lamiaceae Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Polypodiaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 20 of 29

Polypogon monspeliensis Prunus virginiana var. demissa Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Quercus agrifolia var. agrifolia Annual Rabbitfoot Grass Western Chokecherry Bracken Fern Coast Live Oak Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Poaceae Rosaceae Dennstaedtiaceae Fagaceae

Rafinesquia californica Ranunculus californicus Ranunculus muricatus Raphanus sativus California White Chicory California Buttercup Prickleseed Buttercup Wild Radish Native Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Asteraceae Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae Brassicaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 21 of 29

Ribes californicum var. californicum Ribes malvaceum var. malvaceum Ribes menziesii Rosa californica Hillside Gooseberry Chaparral Currant Canyon Gooseberry California Wild Rose Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Grossulariaceae Grossulariaceae Grossulariaceae Rosaceae

Rubus discolor Rubus parviflorus Rubus ursinus Rumex acetosella Himalayan Blackberry Thimbleberry Native California Blackberry Sheep Sorrel Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Rosaceae Rosaceae Rosaceae Polygonaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 22 of 29

Rumex crispus Rumex pulcher Rupertia physodes Salix exigua Curly Dock Fiddle Dock California Tea Narrowleaf Willow Introduced Perennial Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Polygonaceae Polygonaceae Fabaceae Salicaceae

Salvia mellifera Sambucus mexicana Sanicula bipinnatifida Sanicula crassicaulis Black Sage Blue Elderberry Purple Sanicle Pacific Woodland Sanicle Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Lamiaceae Caprifoliaceae Apiaceae Apiaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 23 of 29

Satureja douglasii Saxifraga californica Scandix pecten-veneris Scirpus californicus Yerba Buena California Saxifrage Shepherd's Needle California Bulrush Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Perennial Lamiaceae Saxifragaceae Apiaceae Cyperaceae

Scrophularia californica ssp. californica Senecio vulgaris Sherardia arvensis Silene gallica California Figwort Common Groundsel Blue Field Madder Windmill Pink Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Scrophulariaceae Asteraceae Rubiaceae Caryophyllaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 24 of 29

Silybum marianum Sinapis arvensis Sisymbrium officinale Sisyrinchium bellum Milk Thistle Yellow Charlock Hedge Mustard Blue-eyed Grass Introduced Annual-Biennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Asteraceae Brassicaceae Brassicaceae Iridaceae

Smilacina stellata Solanum umbelliferum Sonchus asper ssp. asper Sonchus oleraceus Starry False Solomon's Seal Blue Witch Prickly Sow Thistle Common Sow Thistle Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Liliaceae Solanaceae Asteraceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 25 of 29

Spergula arvensis ssp. arvensis Stachys ajugoides var. rigida Stellaria media Stylomecon heterophylla Stickwort Common Rigid Hedge Nettle Common Chickweed Wind Poppy Introduced Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Annual Caryophyllaceae Lamiaceae Caryophyllaceae Papaveraceae

Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus Symphoricarpos mollis Taraxacum officinale Thysanocarpus curvipes Bush / Common Snowberry Creeping Snowberry Common Dandelion Hairy Fringepod Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Biennial-Perennial Native Annual Caprifoliaceae Caprifoliaceae Asteraceae Brassicaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 26 of 29

Torilis arvensis Torilis nodosa Toxicodendron diversilobum Tragopogon porrifolius Hedge Parsley Knotted Hedge Parsley Poison Oak Purple Salsify Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Introduced Biennial-Perennial Apiaceae Apiaceae Anacardiaceae Asteraceae

Trifolium ciliolatum Trifolium dubium Trifolium hirtum Trifolium subterraneum Tree Clover Shamrock Clover Rose Clover Subterranean Clover Native Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 27 of 29

Trifolium willdenovii Trillium chloropetalum Triphysaria eriantha ssp. eriantha Triphysaria pusilla Tomcat Clover Giant Trillium Yellow Johnny-tuck Dwarf Owl's Clover Native Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Fabaceae Liliaceae Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariaceae

Triteleia laxa Typha angustifolia Umbellularia californica Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea Ithuriel's Spear Narrow-leaf Cattail California Bay Laurel Creek Stinging Nettle Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Liliaceae Typhaceae Lauraceae Urticaceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 28 of 29

Verbena lasiostachys var. scabrida Veronica persica Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Vicia villosa ssp. varia Robust Vervain Persian Speedwell Spring Vetch Winter Vetch Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Verbenaceae Scrophulariaceae Fabaceae Fabaceae

Vulpia bromoides Wyethia angustifolia Wyethia helenioides Xanthium spinosum Six-weeks Fescue Narrow-leaf Mule's Ear Gray Mule's Ear Spiny Clotbur Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Poaceae Asteraceae Asteraceae Asteraceae revision 2/23/2007 Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park Page 29 of 29

Xanthium strumarium Zigadenus fremontii Cocklebur Common Star Lily Native Annual Native Perennial Asteraceae Liliaceae