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Global Beef Trade: Effects of Animal Health, Sanitary, Food Safety, and Other Measures on U.S

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Global Beef Trade: Effects of Animal Health, Sanitary, Food Safety, and Other Measures on U.S United States International Trade Commission Global Beef Trade: Effects of Animal Health, Sanitary, Food Safety, and Other Measures on U.S. Beef Exports Investigation No. 332-488 USITC Publication 4033 September 2008 U.S. International Trade Commission COMMISSIONERS Shara L. Aranoff, Chairman Daniel R. Pearson, Vice Chairman Deanna Tanner Okun Charlotte R. Lane Irving A. Williamson Dean A. Pinkert Robert A. Rogowsky Director of Operations Karen Laney-Cummings Director, Office of Industries Address all communications to Secretary to the Commission United States International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 U.S. International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 www.usitc.gov Global Beef Trade: Effects of Animal Health, Sanitary, Food Safety, and Other Measures on U.S. Beef Exports Investigation No. 332-488 Publication 4033 September 2008 This report was prepared principally by Office of Industries Project Leader John Giamalva [email protected] Deputy Project Leader Joseph Kowalski [email protected] Joanna Bonarriva, Daniel Cook, Roger Corey, John Fry, Cathy Jabara, Doug Newman, Laura Polly, and George Serletis Primary Reviewers Katherine Linton and James Stamps Office of Economics Marinos Tsigas and Nicholas Grossman Administrative Support Phyllis Boone Under the direction of Jonathan R. Coleman, Chief Agriculture and Fisheries Division CONTENTS Page Executive Summary....................................................................................................... xv Acronyms ............................................................................................................................... xxiii Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................. 1-1 Background and purpose..................................................................................................... 1-1 Country and product coverage ............................................................................................ 1-4 Approach............................................................................................................................. 1-5 Chapter 2 Overview of the Global Beef Market................................... 2-1 Factors affecting global markets ......................................................................................... 2-1 Global production................................................................................................................ 2-3 Global consumption ............................................................................................................ 2-4 Global exports ..................................................................................................................... 2-5 Global imports..................................................................................................................... 2-5 Chapter 3 Overview of the U.S. Beef Market ......................................... 3-1 Production system ............................................................................................................... 3-1 Cattle slaughter and beef production................................................................................... 3-4 Domestic market ................................................................................................................. 3-6 Exports ............................................................................................................................... 3-7 Imports ............................................................................................................................... 3-12 Animal health and food safety regulatory framework......................................................... 3-15 Support for domestic production......................................................................................... 3-16 Chapter 4 International Animal Health, Sanitary, and Food Safety Standards .................................................................................... 4-1 BSE...................................................................................................................................... 4-2 BSE risk status................................................................................................................ 4-4 U.S. measures to control the risk of BSE....................................................................... 4-5 Feed ban..................................................................................................................... 4-5 BSE surveillance........................................................................................................ 4-6 BSE monitoring and notification ............................................................................... 4-7 Industry costs of U.S. measures related to BSE......................................................... 4-7 Regulations facing U.S. beef exports in destination markets......................................... 4-8 Foot and mouth disease (FMD)........................................................................................... 4-9 International safeguards against FMD ........................................................................... 4-10 U.S. safeguards against FMD......................................................................................... 4-10 EU beef hormone ban.......................................................................................................... 4-11 International and U.S. standards .................................................................................... 4-11 EU regulations................................................................................................................4-12 U.S. reaction to the hormone ban................................................................................... 4-12 Litigation at the WTO................................................................................................ 4-12 Non-hormone treated cattle........................................................................................ 4-12 v CONTENTS―Continued Page Chapter 5 Japan.............................................................................................................. 5-1 Japan market characteristics and trends .............................................................................. 5-2 Beef consumption trends ................................................................................................. 5-2 Sources of supply ............................................................................................................ 5-3 Factors affecting beef demand......................................................................................... 5-4 Import market characteristics and trends............................................................................. 5-6 Imports by major supplier ............................................................................................... 5-6 Imports by products......................................................................................................... 5-7 World........................................................................................................................... 5-7 United States............................................................................................................... 5-9 Animal health, sanitary, and food safety regulations in Japan............................................ 5-9 Regulatory framework.................................................................................................... 5-9 Measures affecting imports from the United States ....................................................... 5-12 Other barriers to imports from the United States ................................................................ 5-13 Tariff treatment..............................................................................................................5-13 Technical barriers........................................................................................................... 5-14 Support for domestic production.................................................................................... 5-14 Chapter 6 Korea ............................................................................................................. 6-1 Korea market characteristics and trends.............................................................................. 6-3 Beef consumption trends ................................................................................................. 6-3 Sources of supply ............................................................................................................ 6-4 Domestic production................................................................................................... 6-4 Imports ........................................................................................................................ 6-5 Factors affecting beef demand......................................................................................... 6-5 Import market characteristics and trends............................................................................. 6-6 Imports by major supplier ............................................................................................... 6-6 Imports by products......................................................................................................... 6-8 World..........................................................................................................................
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