Teaching Gender in the Military

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Teaching Gender in the Military TEACHING GENDER IN THE MILITARY A Handbook DCAF DCAF a centre for security, development and the rule of law With the support of the Swiss Government. TEACHING GENDER IN THE MILITARY A Handbook DCAF DCAF a centre for security, development and the rule of law With the support of the Swiss Government. Acknowledgements This handbook was created by the Security Sector Reform Working Group (chaired by DCAF), in collaboration with the Education Development Working Group, of the Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defence Academies and Security Studies Institutes. Editorial Board Bojana Balon, UNDP SEESAC Anna Björsson, Swedish Armed Forces Tanja Geiss, NATO School Aiko Holvikivi, Gender Institute, London School of Economics and Political Science Anna Kadar, DCAF Iryna Lysychkina, National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine Callum Watson, DCAF Reviewers Natalia Albu, Military Academy of Armed Forces Alexandru cel Bun, (Republic of Moldova); Neyla Arnas, National Defense University (United States); Ksenija Đjurić-Atanasievski, Serbian Military Academy; Pamela Ball, George C. Marshall Center; Megan Bastick, DCAF; Stéphane Bellamy, Joint Warfare Centre; Anja Ebnöther, DCAF; Miriam Fugfugosh, Geneva Centre for Security Policy; Steffie Groothedde, Civil-Military Cooperation Centre of Excellence; Aram Hong, NATO HQ SACT; Clare Hutchinson, UN DPKO; Fernando Izquierdo, NCGP, Spanish Observatory on Gender Equality in the Armed Forces; Greta Keremidchieva, Rakovski National Defence College (Bulgaria); Christopher Kilmartin, University of Mary Washington; Frederic Labarre, PfPC; Vanja Matić, OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina; Jana Naujoks, International Alert; Leah Nodvin; Jody M. Prescott, adjunct professor, University of Vermont; Remi L. G. Tremblay, NATO School Oberammergau. The Partnership for Peace Consortium (PfPC) is an international security cooperation organization of over 800 defense academies and security studies institutes across 60 countries. Founded in 1999 during the NATO Summit, the PfPC was chartered to promote defense institution building and foster regional stability and security cooperation through multinational defense education and research, which the PfPC accomplishes via its international network of educators and researchers. Visit us at www.pfp-consortium.org. The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) is an international foundation whose mission is to assist the international community in pursuing good governance and reform of the security sector. DCAF develops and promotes norms and standards, conducts tailored policy research, identifies good practices and recommendations to promote democratic security sector governance, and provides in-country advisory support and practical assistance programmes. Visit us at www.dcaf.ch. ISBN: 978-92-9222-399-1 Design: Alice Lake-Hammond, www.alicelh.co with support from Aryn Lockhart Copyediting and proofreading: Cherry Ekins Cover photo and Part I/II divider photos: © Torgeir Haugaard / Forsvaret (Norwegian Armed Forces) Cite as: PfPC SSRWG and EDWG, Handbook on Teaching Gender in the Military (Geneva: DCAF and PfPC, 2016). The views expressed are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect the views of the institutions referred to or represented within this handbook. © DCAF and PfPC, 2016. DCAF and the PfPC encourage the use, adaptation, translation and copying of this handbook. We do, however, ask that you acknowledge the relevant author(s) and cite all materials used. All rights reserved. Foreword General Bengt Axelsson, Sweden The Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Agenda has put the need to integrate gender considerations in military institutions and operations at the forefront of discussions in the military and gender community of experts, practitioners and military personnel. The United Nations has established a comprehensive women, peace and security framework through the adoption of Security Council Resolutions 1325, 1820, 1888, 1889, 1960, 2106, 2122 and most recently 2422, sometimes referred to as the WPS UNSCRs. The United Nations has reiterated its commitment to women’s inclusion in matters of peace and security and the prevention and protection of women and girls (and, more recently, men and boys) from conflict-related sexual violence as 2015 marked the 15th anniversary of the landmark resolution 1325. Similarly, NATO has responded to this pressing topic with a policy and operational framework to implement these UN resolutions. NATO countries and partner countries have also, on a national level, adopted National Action Plans on implementing UNSCR 1325 and related resolutions. Seven of the UNSCRs on WPS state the need for training. As much of the gender-related training is ad-hoc and externally delivered there is a significant need to institutionalize and improve gender-related training and education. Educators are faced with the twin challenges of developing new curricula and teaching materials on gender and on women, peace and security and integrating gender dimensions across all military education and training more broadly. The SSR and Education and Development Working Groups of the Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense Academies and Security Studies Institutes (PfPC) have integrated gender in their activities since 2010. Since 2012, the two working groups have run a joint programme on teaching gender in the military. The programme consisted of four workshops, which were held respectively at the NATO School in Oberammergau (July 2012)1, the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies in Garmisch-Partenkirchen (December 2012)2, and in Geneva (December 20133 and July 20144). These activities have demonstrated that there is a need to strengthen both the capacity of educators to integrate gender in their work and the capacity of military gender experts to deliver educational content. Workshop participants have expressed the need for more materials and resources to create a multiplier effect, and support the building of faculty and gender experts’ capacity on, respectively, the integration of gender in military education and the application of educational principles to the delivery of gender content by gender experts. The handbook aims to provide some of these resources. It aims to strengthen the capacity of faculty and gender experts to deliver gender education, and to foster the community of practice among experts involved in its creation. This should contribute to the integration of gender in military education in NATO/EAPC countries, ultimately contributing to the integration of gender in military institutions and operations, as mandated by the national, NATO, and international policy framework. In essence, the handbook covers both “what to teach” and “how to teach” when it comes to gender and the military. It consists of ten chapters divided into two sections. The purpose of this handbook is to make gender more visible, especially in military contexts. I Teaching Gender in the Military The handbook was developed through a collaborative process that aimed to foster an ongoing exchange of experience and expertise among participants involved in teaching gender in military programmes. The process involved an editorial team who oversaw project implementation, coordinated the contributions and took responsibility for copy-editing of the final product; contributing authors from the programme participants; and experts in the field of gender and/or military education who served as peer reviewers. Responsibility for implementing the Women, Peace and Security Agenda lies with the leadership. Education and training is crucial to strengthen the capacity of leaders and gender trainers as well as regular servicemen and women. However, the best expertise in the world has no impact and no leverage if leaders do not take the lead and champion these questions when needed. I should like to express my appreciation to all those who supported and were involved in creating this handbook. I congratulate the authors for their contribution and their collaboration. This handbook demonstrates how important and relevant it is for military educators and gender experts to come together and jointly create a resource of value to everyone involved. I am glad to see such a unique resource on teaching gender in the military has been developed. Sharing knowledge and expertise on how to teach and educate about gender in the military should be at the forefront of future discussions. Brigadier General Bengt Axelsson Deputy Vice-Chancellor Swedish Defence University Notes 1. http://www.dcaf.ch/Event/PFPC-Workshop-on-Teaching-Gender-to-the-Military 2. http://www.dcaf.ch/Event/Designing-Sample-Gender-Lessons-Second-PFPC-Workshop-on-Teaching-Gender-to-the- Military 3. http://www.dcaf.ch/Event/Integrating-Gender-in-the-Curriculum-3rd-Workshop-on-Teaching-Gender-to-the- Military 4. http://www.dcaf.ch/Event/Gender-Responsive-Evaluation-in-Military-Education-4th-Workshop-on-Teaching- Gender-to-the-Military II Preface: a little bit of history… where have we come from? Anja Ebnöther, on behalf of the PfPC Security Sector Reform Working Group, and Kathaleen Reid-Martinez, on behalf of the PfPC Education Development Working Group The journey that led to the development of this handbook began in 2009 when the Slovenian defence minister highlighted the need to better integrate gender into NATO and the Partnership for Peace’s (PfP) work on security during her plenary speech at the annual conference of the Partnership for Peace Consortium of Defense
Recommended publications
  • Military Cooperation As an Integral Part of Prevention and Stabilisation
    Military cooperation as an integral part of prevention and stabilisation Against this background, as a directly involved Andreas Wenger country and as the global superpower the USA appeared to adopt a doctrine of unilateral pre- emption, which was widely rejected as a basis for joint military action. Although the USA’s new security strategy dis- cussed the option of pre-emptive action exclusive- ly in the context of the question of how to deal with the threats from internationally organised ter- More than a year since the start of the war in rorist groups and rogue nations such as Iraq and Iraq, the widely diverging views concerning ways North Korea, its demand that the concept of in which the uncertainties of a globalised envi- “immediate threat” should be adapted to these ronment can be overcome are proving to be a new risks meant that the distinction between pre- major obstacle to defining a sustainable political emptive and preventive warfare had become less solution for post-war Iraq and stable political and clearly defined. social structures in the Middle East, as well as for combating terrorism and the proliferation of The intervention in Afghanistan with the backing weapons of mass destruction. During the debate of the UN made it clear that it was not so much on Iraq, one of the main areas in which interna- the right of a country to defend itself against non- tional opinions widely differed concerned the State actors that was disputed, but primarily the question of the future role of armed forces within discussion of the option of pre-emptive action the scope of a comprehensive prevention and sta- against State actors.
    [Show full text]
  • Security & Defence European
    a 7.90 D European & Security ES & Defence 4/2016 International Security and Defence Journal Protected Logistic Vehicles ISSN 1617-7983 • www.euro-sd.com • Naval Propulsion South Africa‘s Defence Exports Navies and shipbuilders are shifting to hybrid The South African defence industry has a remarkable breadth of capa- and integrated electric concepts. bilities and an even more remarkable depth in certain technologies. August 2016 Jamie Shea: NATO‘s Warsaw Summit Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology The backbone of every strong troop. Mercedes-Benz Defence Vehicles. When your mission is clear. When there’s no road for miles around. And when you need to give all you’ve got, your equipment needs to be the best. At times like these, we’re right by your side. Mercedes-Benz Defence Vehicles: armoured, highly capable off-road and logistics vehicles with payloads ranging from 0.5 to 110 t. Mobilising safety and efficiency: www.mercedes-benz.com/defence-vehicles Editorial EU Put to the Test What had long been regarded as inconceiv- The second main argument of the Brexit able became a reality on the morning of 23 campaigners was less about a “democratic June 2016. The British voted to leave the sense of citizenship” than of material self- European Union. The majority that voted for interest. Despite all the exception rulings "Brexit", at just over 52 percent, was slim, granted, the United Kingdom is among and a great deal smaller than the 67 percent the net contribution payers in the EU. This who voted to stay in the then EEC in 1975, money, it was suggested, could be put to but ignoring the majority vote is impossible.
    [Show full text]
  • Switzerland's Commentary on Operationalizing the Guiding
    Switzerland’s commentary on operationalizing the guiding principles at a national level, as requested by the Chair of the 2020 Group of Governmental Experts (GGE) on Emerging Technologies in the Area of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) within the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) Switzerland sees the eleven guiding principles as an important consolidation of basic understandings on emerging technologies in the area of LAWS among the High Contracting Parties (HCP). The principles can guide current and future work in the multilateral context, notably the consideration and development of the normative and operational framework in the GGE. In addition, HCP may consider their operationalization at the national level, notably in the context of complying with international humanitarian law (IHL) rules and satisfying ethical concerns in the context of these emerging technologies. Switzerland holds the view that human control is necessary to ensure IHL-conformity. Such human control can be applied at various stages of the life cycle of an autonomous weapon system (AWS), including the design phase. Switzerland is also of the opinion that the actual decision to deploy an AWS and the assessments and decisions regarding its use in a specific attack remain eminently critical touch points in the human-machine interaction and must be retained within a responsible (military) chain of human command and control with structures and processes that ensure IHL-conform decisions in the use of force, including AWS. Switzerland holds that an AWS would run contrary to guiding principle A and would be unlawful: if 1) the outcomes cannot be reasonably predicted, or; 2) the effects cannot be limited in accordance with IHL or 3) the system otherwise cannot be used in accordance with IHL.
    [Show full text]
  • A European Cooperation Programme
    Year 32 • Issue #363 • July/August 2019 2,10 € ESPAÑOLA DE InternationalFirst Edition Defence of the REVISTA DEFEandNS SecurityFEINDEF ExhibitionA Future air combat system A EUROPEAN COOPERATION PROGRAMME BALTOPS 2019 Spain takes part with three vessels and a landing force in NATO’s biggest annual manoeuvres in the Baltic Sea ESPAÑOLA REVISTA DE DEFENSA We talk about defense NOW ALSO IN ENGLISH MANCHETA-INGLÉS-353 16/7/19 08:33 Página 1 CONTENTS Managing Editor: Yolanda Rodríguez Vidales. Editor in Chief: Víctor Hernández Martínez. Heads of section. Internacional: Rosa Ruiz Fernández. Director de Arte: Rafael Navarro. Parlamento y Opinión: Santiago Fernández del Vado. Cultura: Esther P. Martínez. Fotografía: Pepe Díaz. Sections. Nacional: Elena Tarilonte. Fuerzas Armadas: José Luis Expósito Montero. Fotografía y Archivo: Hélène Gicquel Pasquier. Maque- tación: Eduardo Fernández Salvador. Collaborators: Juan Pons. Fotografías: Air- bus, Armada, Dassault Aviation, Joaquín Garat, Iñaki Gómez, Latvian Army, Latvian Ministry of Defence, NASA, Ricardo Pérez, INDUSTRY AND TECHNOLOGY Jesús de los Reyes y US Navy. Translators: Grainne Mary Gahan, Manuel Gómez Pumares, María Sarandeses Fernández-Santa Eulalia y NGWS, Fuensanta Zaballa Gómez. a European cooperation project Germany, France and Spain join together to build the future 6 fighter aircraft. Published by: Ministerio de Defensa. Editing: C/ San Nicolás, 11. 28013 MADRID. Phone Numbers: 91 516 04 31/19 (dirección), 91 516 04 17/91 516 04 21 (redacción). Fax: 91 516 04 18. Correo electrónico:[email protected] def.es. Website: www.defensa.gob.es. Admi- ARMED FORCES nistration, distribution and subscriptions: Subdirección General de Publicaciones y 16 High-readiness Patrimonio Cultural: C/ Camino de Ingenieros, 6.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Women and Gender in Conflicts
    SPANISH MINISTRY OF DEFENCE STRATEGIC DOSSIER 157-B SPANISH INSTITUTE FOR STRATEGIC STUDIES (IEEE) GRANADA UNIVERSITY-ARMY TRAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND COMBINED CENTRE (MADOC) THE ROLE OF WOMEN AND GENDER IN CONFLICTS June 2012 GENERAL CATALOGUE OF OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS http://www.publicacionesoficiales.boe.es Publishes: SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA www.bibliotecavirtualdefensa.es © Author and Publisher, 2012 NIPO: 083-12-253-3 (on line edition) NIPO: 083-12-252-8 (e-book edition) Publication date: February 2013 ISBN: 978-84-9781-801-8 (e-book edition) The authors are solely responsible for the opinions expresed in the articles in this publication. The exploitation righits of this work are protected by the Spanish Intellectual Property Act. No parts of this publication may be produced, stored or transmitted in any way nor by any means, electronic, mechanical or print, including photo- copies or any other means without prior, express, written consent of the © copyright holders. SPANISH SPANISH INSTITUTE FOR MINISTRY STRATEGIC STUDIES OF DEFENCE Workgroup number 4/2011 THE ROLE OF WOMEN AND GENDER IN CONFLICTS The ideas contained in this publication are the responsibility of their authors, and do not necessarily represent the opinions of the IEEE, which is sponsoring the publication CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Soledad Becerril Bustamante Chapter I EQUALITY AND GENDER. BASIC CONCEPTS FOR APPLICATION IN THE FIELDS OF SECURITY AND DEFENCE M.ª Concepción Pérez Villalobos Nuria Romo Avilés Chapter II INTEGRATION OF THE PERSPECTIVE OF GENDER INTO THE
    [Show full text]
  • Switzerland1
    YEARBOOK OF INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW - VOLUME 14, 2011 CORRESPONDENTS’ REPORTS SWITZERLAND1 Contents Multilateral Initiatives — Foreign Policy Priorities .................................................................. 1 Multilateral Initiatives — Human Security ................................................................................ 1 Multilateral Initiatives — Disarmament and Non-Proliferation ................................................ 2 Multilateral Initiatives — International Humanitarian Law ...................................................... 4 Multilateral Initiatives — Peace Support Operations ................................................................ 5 Multilateral Initiatives — International Criminal Law .............................................................. 6 Legislation — Implementation of the Rome Statute ................................................................. 6 Cases — International Crimes Trials (War Crimes, Crimes against Humanity, Genocide) .... 12 Cases — Extradition of Alleged War Criminal ....................................................................... 13 Multilateral Initiatives — Foreign Policy Priorities Swiss Federal Council, Foreign Policy Report (2011) <http://www.eda.admin.ch/eda/en/home/doc/publi/ppol.html> Pursuant to the 2011 Foreign Policy Report, one of Switzerland’s objectives at institutional level in 2011 was the improvement of the working methods of the UN Security Council (SC). As a member of the UN ‘Small 5’ group, on 28 March 2012, the Swiss
    [Show full text]
  • The Cornerstones of the Swiss Security Policy
    S t r o n a | 187 „Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem” 2016, nr 2(7) Claude Bonard Switzerland THE CORNERSTONES OF THE SWISS SECURITY POLICY Summary: In order to comprehend the specific features of Switzerland and its security policy in today’s geopolitical context, the author first refers to the historical figure of Lieutenant Colonel Franz von Erlach, who participated in the Polish insurrection of 1863 as an observer, drawing valuable conclusions therefore, which had at the time an impact on Swiss military thinking. He then follows with a short overview of Swiss military history, which subsequently leads to situating contemporary Switzerland in its geographical, political and institu- tional environment. Finally, the author addresses the essential aspects of Swit- zerland’s current national defence, military organisation and security policy. Keywords: Swiss Armed Forces, territorial defence, Swiss security policy Poland and Switzerland – two democratic states of law: analogies and differences Whereas Poland is a parliamentary republic, Switzerland is a federal state, or a Confederation of 26 administrative cantons, each of which has preserved its sovereignty, government, parliament and courts, while renouncing part of its sovereignty as regards diplomacy, national defence, customs and currency – for which they delegated responsibility to the superior state, i.e. the Swiss Confed- eration. Certain competencies are shared between the Confederation and the cantons. The special characteristic of the Swiss Confederation, whose creation dates back to 1291, is that it is composed of four linguistic regions. Four na- tional languages are spoken in the same country: French, German, Italian and Romansch. In Poland, just as in Switzerland, the Constitution sets out the rights, the division of competencies and the organisation of the state.
    [Show full text]
  • Training Centre Swiss Armed Forces Inter National
    TRAINING CENTRE SWISS ARMED FORCES INTER NATIONAL COMMAND Course guide 2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 2 Introduction Commandant Training Centre SWISSINT 3 Infra structure 4 Mission & Task 5 General Information for all Courses 5 SUNMOC – Swiss United Nations Military Observer Course 7 KFOR SWISSCOY / EUFOR LOT Predeployment Training 9 SUNSOC – Swiss United Nations Staff Officer Course 11 ICPSO – Introductory Course to Peace Support Operations 12 PSOR – Peace Support Operations Refresher 12 HEAT – Hostile Environment Awareness Training 13 BST – Basic Security Training 14 BWT – Basic Weapons Training 15 Driving Training for Categories C1 / D1 16 TCCC/TC3 – Tactical Combat Casualty Care Provider Course 17 MMPC – Military Medical Personnel Course in the Balkans area 18 Host Nation Support to Geneva Centres Flagship Courses 19 Course Dates 20 4-PCE 21 Partnership Training and Education Centres (PTEC) 22 United Nations training location in Switzerland 23 Certifications 24 Welfare 25 How to find the Training Centre SWISSINT 26 How to Apply & Contact 27 2 INTRODUCTION COMMANDANT TRAINING CENTRE SWISSINT As commandant of the Training Centre Swiss Interna- tional Command (TC SWISSINT) I am in charge of the pre-deployment training for all Swiss military personnel sent abroad in the context of Peace Support Operations (PSO). Together with my staff we are committed to pro- viding high quality courses that meet both national and international standards. Throughout the year we offer a number of national and international courses specially designed to prepare individuals and contingents for deployment to crisis areas. Our priority is to assist our course participants in developing a “safety and securi- ty-first” attitude in all aspects of their work in whatever new and challenging environments they may encounter.
    [Show full text]
  • Satcen Annual Report 2020
    ANNUAL REPORT 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS SatCen SatCen European Union Satellite Centre Tel. +34 91 678 60 00 Fax: +34 91 678 60 06 e-mail: [email protected] Postal address: Apdo. de Correos 511, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain www.satcen.europa.eu Additional information on the European Union is available on the internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2021. ISBN 978-92-95034-19-8 doi 10.2820/940883 © SatCen, 2021 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Spain. Printed on white chlorine-free paper. This report is published in accordance with Article 7 of the COUNCIL DECISION 2014/401/CFSP of 26 June 2014. Excma. Sra. Doña Margarita Robles Fernández at SatCen, 05 November 2020 H.E. Ms Florenceat Parly,SatCen, French 24 September Minister of 2020 the Armed Forces Rear Admiral Fabio Agostini (Italian Navy), Commander of Operation EUNAVFOR MED IRINI at Satcen, 01 July 2020 Major General Michel Friedling, French Space Commander at SatCen, 17 September 2020 Visit of UME delegation to SatCen, 07 July 2020 Visit of HR/VP24 Josep February Borrell 2020 to the Centre on TABLE OF CONTENTS ANNUAL REPORT 2020 | SatCen 3 Foreword by the Director intelligence analysis. Highly skilled and multidisci- plinary teams analyse heterogeneous data at mul- tiple classification levels in a secure environment. The Centre’s fields of activity are broad and inclu- sive, covering all features, activities and phenom- ena related to security that can be analysed and monitored from space (security from space).
    [Show full text]
  • Swiss Intellectuals and the Cold War Anti-Communist Policies in a Neutral Country
    Swiss Intellectuals and the Cold War Anti-Communist Policies in a Neutral Country ✣ Hadrien Buclin Nowadays many Swiss citizens would be surprised to learn that in the 1950s some Swiss journalists and lecturers were sentenced to prison or lost their jobs because of “thought crimes.” The 1950s are generally remembered as the time of the “Swiss economic miracle”—with the construction of high- ways and large hydroelectric dams—rather than of strong political con- frontation. The picture of a neutral country does not really mesh with the evocation of anti-Communist restrictions. What can explain the strength of Swiss Cold War policies in the 1950s—policies that left their mark on many aspects of political and cultural life in the country? Exactly what form did such official anti-Communism take in a neutral country like Switzerland, and how did it fit with other Western countries’ anti-Communist policies? Was Switzerland an exception, or can parallels be established with other neu- tral European states—in particular, Sweden, a small neutral country in many ways similar to Switzerland? These are just some of the questions this article addresses. The legal barriers facing Swiss Communist intellectuals during the early Cold War have been underexamined in the current historiography and are in need of reassessment. The legal proceedings were specifically motivated by the Swiss government’s determination to defend a slick image of neutrality against severe criticism from the Communist states, which accused Switzer- land of covertly allying with the Western camp. Two Swiss Communists were sentenced for slander, and their trials are emblematic of how a neutral coun- try coped with the Western anti-Communist battle.
    [Show full text]
  • Spain Brings Home Last Troops Deployed in Afghanistan
    OPERATIONS May 2021 NEWSLETTER No. 6 Spain brings home last troops deployed in Afghanistan International Military Agenda The last Spanish troops deployed in Afghanistan 13 arrive home His Majesty the King of Spain, Felipe VI, the Prime Minister, Pedro Sánchez, and the Minister for Defence, Margarita Robles, welcomed the last Spanish contingent in Afghanistan, completing almost 20 years deployed in that country. All personnel belonging to ‘Resolute Support’ mission, landed at Torrejón AFB, where their families were waiting for them and a ceremony of appreciation for all servicemen involved in the Afghan mission was held. Special operation forces from Spain take part 20 in multinational exercise “Trojan Footprint- South 21” Exercise “Trojan Footprint-South 21” (TFP-S 21) has been conducted in Germany, Hungary, Romania, Georgia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Montenegro and the Republic of North Macedonia, as well as in different areas of the Adriatic and Black Seas. Spanish forces involved in this exercise, have been led by Joint Special Operations Command located at Retamares Base in Madrid. StratCom Section – Spanish Chief of Defence Staff Page 1 of 4 NATO OTAN Baltic Air Policing Spain takes the lead within NATO's Baltic Air 1 Policing mission Spain takes the lead in the Baltic Air Policing (BAP) rapid reaction alert mission, with the presence of seven Eurofighter, four of which have been transferred to the NATO chain of command. Baltic Air Policing mission aims to guarantee collective allied defence within the airspace of the Baltic republics as NATO member states, preserving the security of their skies. CAOC Torrejón CAOC Torrejón acts as ‘Deputy Commander Air’ in 14 exercise 'Ramstein Ambition 2021‘ The new operational procedure shown in the air command and control operating concept (AIRC2 CONOPS) was put into practice for the first time, for a stage of transition to a crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • The Public Image of Security, Defence and the Military in Europe
    The Public Image of Security, Defence and the Military in Europe 2 Public Image of Security Defence and the Military in Europe Edited by Marie Vlachová Center for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) in Geneva Center for Civil-Military Relations (CCMR) in Belgrade Belgrade ● 2003 3 The Public Image of Security, Defence and the Military in Europe Published by: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces Centre For Civil-Military Relations, Belgrade Edited by: Marie Vlachová Editors-in-chief: Theodor Winkler Miroslav Hadžić Language Editing and Proofreding: Vera Pavlović Theodora Rankovich Cover design: Marija Vuksanovic Type setting: Leviathan Design Printed by: Goragraf, Belgrade Printing: 500 copies ISBN- 86-83543-08-0 Belgrade ● 2003 4 Contents Preface – Theodor Winkler ...................................................................................7 Acknowledgments................................................................................................. 9 Introduction – Andrzej Karkoszka .......................................................................11 The Importance of Public Opinion in Security and Defence Policy-Making – Jan Hartl .................................................................................16 European Public Opinion and Defence Policy – Philippe Manigart ............................................................................................30 Public Attitudes Toward Nato in Aspirant Countries – Alina Zilberman and Stephen Webber ............................................................
    [Show full text]