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Money Talks a Realist Constructivist Account of the Motives of 21St Century Plutocrats
Graduate School Master of Science in Global Studies Major: Political Science Course: SIMV07 Term: Spring 2017 Supervisor: Alexander von Hagen-Jamar Money Talks A Realist Constructivist Account of the Motives of 21st Century Plutocrats Author: Pauliina Parviainen Abstract Plutocracy is a subject that has not traditionally attracted the interest of scholars in the disciplines of International Relations and Political Science. This is unfortunate, as the number and importance of affluent private individuals in global affairs has steadily increased in recent decades. Since most existing academic research on contemporary plutocrats focuses on philanthropists and other ‘benefactors’, this research examines what drives the behaviour of the so-called ‘malefactors’ – in this case, enormously wealthy citizens from the Persian Gulf who fund Islamist extremism and the Koch brothers who fight against climate change mitigation efforts and U.S. government regulations. The research is guided by a realist constructivist hypothesis according to which plutocrats use their material assets to advance ideological causes that in the long run further increase their economic wealth. Qualitative content analysis was performed on select texts that dealt with these actors’ presumable and stated motives. The analysis of the Koch brothers suggested that the logic behind their political adventures closely followed this hypothesis. However, the case of Gulf plutocrats only partially confirmed the hypothesis, as ideological and identity-related reasons prevailed over material considerations in these actors’ motives. Keywords: First Image, Koch, Plutocrat, Realist Constructivism, Terrorism Financing Words: 19 952 Contents: 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research problem and research question 2 1.2 Structure of the thesis 4 2. -
Greenp Eace.Org /Kochindustries
greenpeace.org/kochindustries Greenpeace is an independent campaigning organization that acts to expose global environmental problems and achieve solutions that are essential to a green and peaceful future. Published March 2010 by Greenpeace USA 702 H Street NW Suite 300 Washington, DC 20001 Tel/ 202.462.1177 Fax/ 202.462.4507 Printed on 100% PCW recycled paper book design by andrew fournier page 2 Table of Contents: Executive Summary pg. 6–8 Case Studies: How does Koch Industries Influence the Climate Debate? pg. 9–13 1. The Koch-funded “ClimateGate” Echo Chamber 2. Polar Bear Junk Science 3. The “Spanish Study” on Green Jobs 4. The “Danish Study” on Wind Power 5. Koch Organizations Instrumental in Dissemination of ACCF/NAM Claims What is Koch Industries? pg. 14–16 Company History and Background Record of Environmental Crimes and Violations The Koch Brothers pg. 17–18 Koch Climate Opposition Funding pg. 19–20 The Koch Web Sources of Data for Koch Foundation Grants The Foundations Claude R. Lambe Foundation Charles G. Koch Foundation David H. Koch Foundation Koch Foundations and Climate Denial pg. 21–28 Lobbying and Political Spending pg. 29–32 Federal Direct Lobbying Koch PAC Family and Individual Political Contributions Key Individuals in the Koch Web pg. 33 Sources pg. 34–43 Endnotes page 3 © illustration by Andrew Fournier/Greenpeace Mercatus Center Fraser Institute Americans for Prosperity Institute for Energy Research Institute for Humane Studies Frontiers of Freedom National Center for Policy Analysis Heritage Foundation American -
DEREK MITCHELL PRESIDENT the Appointment of Derek Mitchell As NDI’S Third President Is a Homecoming
DEREK MITCHELL PRESIDENT The appointment of Derek Mitchell as NDI’s third president is a homecoming. Beginning in September 2018, he returned to NDI just over two decades after he departed the Institute in 1997, at the conclusion of nearly four years as Senior Program Officer for Asia and the former Soviet Union. Since that time, Mitchell has had a distinguished career in and out of the U.S. government, in which he has witnessed the connection between democracy and international security. From 2012-2016, Mitchell served as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burma). He was America’s first ambassador to the country in 22 years. From 2011-12, he served as the U.S. Department of State’s first Special Representative and Policy Coordinator for Burma, with the rank of ambassador. Prior to this appointment, Mitchell served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, Asian and Pacific Security Affairs (APSA), in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. In that capacity, he spent six months as acting APSA Assistant Secretary of Defense, and was responsible for overseeing the Defense Department’s security policy in Northeast, Southeast, South, and Central Asia. For his service, he received the Office of the Secretary of Defense Award for Distinguished Public Service in August 2011. From 2001 to 2009, Mitchell served as Senior Fellow and Director of the Asia Division of the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). From 1997 to 2001, he served as Special Assistant for Asian and Pacific Affairs in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. -
From Pariah to Partner: the US Integrated Reform Mission in Burma, 2009 to 2015
INDIA BHUTAN CHINA BAN GLADESH VIETNAM Naypidaw Chiang Mai LAOS Rangoon THAILAND Bangkok CAMBODIA From Pariah to Partner: The US Integrated Reform Mission in Burma, 2009 to 2015 From Pariah to Partner The US Integrated Reform Mission in Burma Making Peace Possible 2009 to 2015 2301 Constitution Avenue NW Washington, DC 20037 202.457.1700 Beth Ellen Cole, Alexa Courtney, www.USIP.org Making Peace Possible Erica Kaster, and Noah Sheinbaum @usip 2 Looking for Justice ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This case study is the product of an extensive nine- month study that included a detailed literature review, stakeholder consultations in and outside of government, workshops, and a senior validation session. The project team is humbled by the commitment and sacrifices made by the men and women who serve the United States and its interests at home and abroad in some of the most challenging environments imaginable, furthering the national security objectives discussed herein. This project owes a significant debt of gratitude to all those who contributed to the case study process by recommending literature, participating in workshops, sharing reflections in interviews, and offering feedback on drafts of this docu- ment. The stories and lessons described in this document are dedicated to them. Thank you to the leadership of the United States Institute of Peace (USIP) and its Center for Applied Conflict Transformation for supporting this study. Special thanks also to the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Office of Transition Initiatives (USAID/OTI) for assisting with the production of various maps and graphics within this report. Any errors or omis- sions are the responsibility of the authors alone. -
The Steel Butterfly: Aung San Suu Kyi Democracy Movement in Burma
presents The Steel Butterfly: Aung San Suu Kyi and the Democracy Movement in Burma Photo courtesy of First Post Voices Against Indifference Initiative 2012-2013 Dear Teachers, As the world watches Burma turn toward democracy, we cannot help but wish to be part of this historic movement; to stand by these citizens who long for justice and who so richly deserve to live in a democratic society. For 25 years, Daw Aung San Suu Kyi endured house arrest because of her unwavering belief in, and fight for, democracy for all the people of Burma. Through her peaceful yet tireless example, Madam Suu Kyi has demonstrated the power of the individual to change the course of history. Now, after 22 years, the United States of America has reopened diplomatic relations with Burma. President Barack Obama visited in November 2012, former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton visited in December 2011 and, in July of 2012, Derek Mitchell was appointed to represent our country as Ambassador to Burma. You who are the teachers of young people, shape thinking and world views each day, directly or subtly, in categories of learning that cross all boundaries. The Echo Foundation thanks you for your commitment to creating informed, compassionate, and responsible young people who will lead us into the future while promoting respect, justice and dignity for all people. With this curriculum, we ask you to teach your students about Burma, the Burmese people, and their leader, Aung San Suu Kyi. The history of Burma is fascinating. Long in the margins of traditional studies, it deserves to come into the light so that we may join the people of Burma in their quest for a stable democracy. -
U.S. Policy Towards Burma: Issues for the 113Th Congress
U.S. Policy Towards Burma: Issues for the 113th Congress Michael F. Martin Specialist in Asian Affairs March 12, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43035 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress U.S. Policy Towards Burma: Issues for the 113th Congress Summary U.S. policy towards Burma has undergone a discernible shift in its approach since a quasi-civilian government was established in March 2011. While the overall objectives of U.S. policy towards the country remain in place—the establishment of civilian democratic government based on the rule of law and the protection of basic human rights—the Obama Administration has moved from a more reactive, “action-for-action” strategy and a skeptical and cautious attitude towards the newly created Union Government and Union Parliament to a more proactive mode. The new approach is designed to foster further reforms based on some form of partnership with the Union Government, headed by President Thein Sein. During the last two years, the Obama Administration has conducted much of its policy towards Burma using existing constitutional and legal authority, while regularly consulting with Congress about the actions taken. The 112th Congress passed five laws containing provisions related to U.S. policy in Burma. Three laws—P.L. 112-33, P.L. 112-36, and P.L. 112-163—extended the general import ban contained in Section 3 of the Burmese Freedom and Democracy Act of 2003 (2003 BFDA, P.L. 108-61) which is subject to annual renewal. P.L. 112-74 placed restrictions on the use in Burma of appropriated funds for certain Defense and State Department programs. -
Retirement Planning Shortfalls the First Female Fso the Diplomat's Ethical
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION JULY-AUGUST 2013 THE DIPLOMAT’S ETHICAL GROUNDING RETIREMENT PLANNING SHORTFALLS THE FIRST FEMALE FSO FOREIGN July-August 2013 SERVICE Volume 90, No. 7-8 FOCUS ON PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AFSA NEWS Presenting the 2013 AFSA Merit Ethics for the Professional Diplomat / 22 Award Winners / 49 A code of ethics is essential to give diplomatic practitioners guidance State VP: On Becoming Foreign with respect to personal, as well as official, boundaries. Service Policymakers / 50 Here are some components of such a code. Retiree VP: Déjà Vu All Over BY EDWARD MARKS Again / 51 2013-2015 Governing Board The Role of Dissent in National Security, Election Results/ 51 AFSA and Santa Fe Retirees Law and Conscience / 27 Sponsor Symposium / 52 One of three officers to resign from the Foreign Service a decade ago Book Notes: Living Longer, in protest of the Iraq War revisits the ethical implications of that decision. Stronger and Happier / 53 BY ANN WRIGHT 2013 AFSA Awards Winners / 53 AFSA Best Essay Winner: Some My Resignation in Retrospect / 32 Nails, Some Tape / 56 Those of us in the Foreign Service must keep our moral and professional compass PMA Funds AFSA calibrated to that point where integrity and love of country declare, “No further.” Scholarship / 56 BY JOHN BRADY KIESLING 2013 George F. Kennan Award Winner / 57 Sponsors: Supporting New Some Thoughts on Dissent / 36 Arrivals from the Get-Go / 58 All government employees should be free to speak their minds as openly FSYF 2013 Contest and Award as possible without endangering national security—a term regrettably Winners / 59 all too often used as an excuse to shut them up. -
Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report
Office of Labor Education Research Cornell ILR School Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report Patrick Young, Ed Yoo, Robert Wesley Hannah, Iris Packman, and Jordan Wells Under the supervision of Kate Bronfenbrenner Labor Education Research Cornell University School of Labor and Industrial Relations June 2006 1. Executive Sum m ary...................................................................................... .................................. .1 1.1 Description of Firm and its Operations....,,.............................. ..................................................1 1.2 Profit Centers............... ............ .......... ....................................................................................... 1 1.3 Growth Plan................ ................................................................................................................ 1 1.4 Key Decision Makers...................................................................................................... ........... 2 1.5 Key relationships............... ............................................................................................. ............ 3 2. Introduction ............................ ............................ ........... ................................................................... 4 2.1 Basic information................................... ............................................. ........................ ............... 4 2.2 Company history............................................................................. -
Carnegie Endowment
CENTER FOR STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES (CSIS) CHALLENGES IN NATION BUILDING AND PEACE CONSOLIDATION WELCOME AND MODERATOR: DEREK MITCHELL, DIRECTOR, CSIS SOUTHEAST ASIA INITIATIVE SPEAKER: JOSE RAMOS-HORTA, PRESIDENT, TIMOR-LESTE WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2009 Transcript by Federal News Service Washington, D.C. DEREK MITCHELL: Good morning, everybody. Thank you for coming out to CSIS for our latest in a series of Statesmen’s Forum, which we have occasionally to provide a platform for leaders in the international realm. My name is Derek Mitchell. I’m a senior fellow in the international security program here at CSIS, a director for the Asia division and also the director of the Southeast Asia Initiative, which we’ve been doing for about a little over a year now here at CSIS. I want to first make a few thank yous for those who have organized and helped put this all together. First, the external relations folks, Russ Oates and team and such all in the back there who make this all happen rapidly and efficiently. I want to thank them as usual for their excellent efforts. And my team, Lee Ridley and Brian Harding. I also want to note the presence of our ambassador to East Timor, Ambassador Clemm. Welcome and thank you for joining us today. On behalf of John Hamre, the president and CEO here at CSIS, it is my pleasure and indeed my honor to welcome President Jose Ramos-Horta to CSIS. It is really an honor for me. I don’t know if you all know, but before I did security work, I did democracy work in the mid ’90s at the National Democratic Institute. -
Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report
Cornell University ILR School DigitalCommons@ILR Research Studies and Reports ILR Collection 6-2006 Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report Patrick Young Cornell University Ed Yoo Cornell University Robert Wesley Hannah Cornell University Iris Packman Cornell University Jordan Wells Cornell University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/reports Thank you for downloading an article from DigitalCommons@ILR. Support this valuable resource today! This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the ILR Collection at DigitalCommons@ILR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Studies and Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@ILR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. If you have a disability and are having trouble accessing information on this website or need materials in an alternate format, contact [email protected] for assistance. Koch Industries, Inc. Strategie Corporate Research Report Abstract [Excerpt] With its 2005 purchase of paper giant Georgia-Pacific, ochK Industries became the largest privately-held corporation in North America. Originally started as an oil production and refining firm in the first half of the twentieth century, Koch now has major operations in petroleum, chemicals, energy, fibers and polymers, minerals, fertilizers, chemical technology equipment, forest and consumer products, ranching, trading, and securities and finance. The company, based in Wichita, Kansas, employs 80,000 people in sixty countries worldwide. Koch’s oil operations are run primarily through the Flint Hills Resources family of subsidiaries, which has a production capacity of about 800,000 barrels of crude oil daily. Another one of Koch’s major ventures, synthetic textiles, operates through the company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, INVISTA, which produces both consumer and commodity textiles. -
Sons of Wichita
SONS OF WICHITA DANIEL SCHULMAN Read by Allen O’Reilly Not long after the death of his father, Charles Koch, then in his early 30s, discovered a letter the family patriarch had written to his sons. “You will receive what seems now to be a large sum of money,” Fred Koch cautioned. “It may be either a blessing or a curse.” Fred’s legacy would become a blessing and a curse to his four sons—Frederick, Charles, and fraternal twins David and Bill—who in the ensuing decades fought bitterly over their birthright, the oil and cattle-ranching empire their father left behind in 1967. Against a backdrop of scorched- earth legal skirmishes, Charles and David built Koch Industries into one of the largest private corporations in the world—bigger than Boeing and Disney—and they rose to become two of the wealthiest men on the planet. Influenced by the sentiments of their father, who was present at the birth of the John Birch Society, Charles and David have spent decades trying to remake the American political landscape and mainline their libertarian views into the national bloodstream. They now control a machine that is a center of gravity within the Republican Party. To their supporters, they are liberating America from the scourge of Big Government. To their detractors, they are political “contract killers,” as David Axelrod, President Barack Obama’s chief strategist, put it during the 2012 campaign. Bill, meanwhile, built a multi-billion-dollar energy empire all his own, and earned notoriety as an America’s Cup-winning yachtsman, a flamboyant playboy, and as a litigious collector of fine wine and Western memorabilia. -
Greenp Eace.Org /Kochindustries
greenpeace.org/kochindustries Greenpeace is an independent campaigning organization that acts to expose global environmental problems and achieve solutions that are essential to a green and peaceful future. Published March 2010 by Greenpeace USA 702 H Street NW Suite 300 Washington, DC 20001 Tel/ 202.462.1177 Fax/ 202.462.4507 Printed on 100% PCW recycled paper book design by andrew fournier page 2 Table of Contents: Executive Summary pg. 6–8 Case Studies: How does Koch Industries Influence the Climate Debate? pg. 9–13 1. The Koch-funded “ClimateGate” Echo Chamber 2. Polar Bear Junk Science 3. The “Spanish Study” on Green Jobs 4. The “Danish Study” on Wind Power 5. Koch Organizations Instrumental in Dissemination of ACCF/NAM Claims What is Koch Industries? pg. 14–16 Company History and Background Record of Environmental Crimes and Violations The Koch Brothers pg. 17–18 Koch Climate Opposition Funding pg. 19–20 The Koch Web Sources of Data for Koch Foundation Grants The Foundations Claude R. Lambe Foundation Charles G. Koch Foundation David H. Koch Foundation Koch Foundations and Climate Denial pg. 21–28 Lobbying and Political Spending pg. 29–32 Federal Direct Lobbying Koch PAC Family and Individual Political Contributions Key Individuals in the Koch Web pg. 33 Sources pg. 34–43 Endnotes page 3 © illustration by Andrew Fournier/Greenpeace Mercatus Center Fraser Institute Americans for Prosperity Institute for Energy Research Institute for Humane Studies Frontiers of Freedom National Center for Policy Analysis Heritage Foundation American