2005 Annual Report Norc Board of Trustees Janet L

NORC AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO A national organization for research and computing

2005 ANNUAL REPORT NORC BOARD OF TRUSTEES JANET L. NORWOOD Senior Fellow and Counselor CRAIG G. COELEN New York Conference Board President Former Commissioner of Labor Statistics NORC RICHARD P. SALLER HARRY L. DAVIS Provost Roger L. and Rachel M. Goetz Edward L. Ryerson Distinguished Service Professor Distinguished Service Professor Graduate School of Business Departments of History and Classics University of Chicago University of Chicago

PHIL DEPOY STEPHEN M. STIGLER Professor Ernest DeWitt Burton Institute for Joint Warfare Analysis Distinguished Service Professor Naval Post Graduate School Department of Statistics Monterey, California University of Chicago

JOHN MARK HANSEN JOSEPH P. SULLIVAN Dean, Division of the Social Sciences Retired Chairman of the Executive Committee Charles L. Hutchinson Distinguished Service Professor IMC Global Department of Political Science and the College University of Chicago JUDITH M. TANUR Distinguished Teaching Professor EDWARD O. LAUMANN (Chairman) Department of Sociology George Herbert Mead State University of New York at Stony Brook Distinguished Service Professor Department of Sociology and the College GAIL R. WILENSKY University of Chicago Former Administrator of the Health Care Financing Administration and EDWARD F. LAWLOR Presidential Advisor on Health Care Issues Dean Senior Fellow, Project HOPE George Warren Brown School of Social Work Washington University in St. Louis LIFE TRUSTEES JAMES L. MADARA Dean & Sara and Harold Lincoln Thompson ROBERT MCCORMICK ADAMS Distinguished Service Professor WILLIAM CANNON Biological Sciences Division and NATHAN KEYFITZ The Pritzker School of Medicine EVELYN KITAGAWA University Vice President for ARTHUR NIELSEN, JR. Medical Affairs DOROTHY RICE University of Chicago ELEANOR SHELDON

JOHN W. MCCARTER, JR. President and Chief Executive Officer NORC OFFICERS The Field Museum Chicago, Illinois EDWARD O. LAUMANN Chairman ROBERT T. MICHAEL JOSEPH P. SULLIVAN Eliakim Hastings Moor Distinguished Service Professor Vice Chairman Harris School of Public Policy Studies University of Chicago CRAIG G. COELEN President RALPH W. MULLER JOHN THOMPSON Chief Executive Officer Secretary University of Pennsylvania Health System MARY JO ARDIZZONE Treasurer NORC is a national organization for research and computing at the University of Chicago—with offices on the University’s campus, in Chicago’s downtown Loop, and in Washington DC, Bethesda, NORC MD, and Berkeley, CA, as well as a nationwide field staff. NORC’s AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO clients include government agencies, educational institutions, foun- A national organization for dations, other nonprofit organizations, and private corporations. research and computing Although NORC’s national studies are the best known, our projects range across local, regional, and international perspectives as well.

NORC creates unique value for its clients by developing effective, innovative solutions at the nexus of information technology and 2005 public interest research. Established in 1941, NORC was the first not-for-profit research firm created to pursue objective research ANNUAL REPORT that served a broadly conceived public interest. NORC has since emerged as an organization on the cutting edge of data collection, management, and analysis technologies. Building on a cor- CONTENTS porate history of over sixty years of conducting objective research in the public interest, today NORC delivers focused research and 2 information technology solutions in support of social research. Letter from the Chairman and President

NORC offers a full range of information technology, data collec- 5 tion, and analytic capabilities delivered in an integrated manner. Project Highlights NORC information technology capability includes applications 17 development; database development and warehousing; and pro- Major Issue Areas ject management, systems analysis, and quality control assurance. NORC data collection resources include questionnaire design and 28 survey methodology; telephone, in-person, and Internet data col- Survey Operations lection and data preparation; and world leadership in sample 31 design and weighting. NORC analysis capability includes a wide Academic Research Centers and range of both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Our long- University of Chicago Affiliation standing affiliation with the University of Chicago provides privi- leged access to the University’s world-renowned faculty. 36 Selected Clients NORC’s project work is done in an interdisciplinary framework, 37 with strong staff cooperation across substantive areas. NORC is an Selected Publications and equal opportunity employer committed to facilitating the person- Presentations al and professional development of everyone on our staff. Letter from the Chairman and President

e are pleased to record 2005 as a year of significant accomplish- Wments at NORC. We continued important research collaborations with faculty at the University of Chicago, we launched significant new projects on very tight schedules, we implemented important advances in data collection technology, we brought significant new senior Edward O. Laumann, Craig G. Coelen, Chairman President researchers to our firm, we achieved high levels of survey productivity, and we achieved strong financial performance. In short, we made solid progress toward all of our long-term organizational goals.

Throughout this report are examples of the application of new tools and technology in the exe- cution of complex data collection projects. In some cases, the tools were developed to meet the needs of a specific project – for example, a specialized “two-point discriminator” designed and fabricated for the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project to measure the tactile (touch) sensitivity of older adults. In other cases, existing technology was adapted for special use – for example, use of Global Positioning System (GPS) devices, cell phones, and mapping software to aid in locating rural addresses and the use of lightweight scanners by field interviewers to capture data from household utility bills for the Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Among the most important developments at NORC in the past year was our successful recruitment of new senior research and administrative staff. Among the important additions are:

• Mary Jo Ardizzone – Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Previously Mary Jo served as CFO at Environmental Systems Design and as corporate controller at Skidmore, Owings, Merrill.

• Dan Black – Principal Investigator, 1997 Cohort of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth and senior fellow, Economics, Labor, and Population Studies Department. At Syracuse University, Dan served as Trustee Professor and for a time as Chair of the Economics Department and as Senior Research Associate at Syracuse’s Center for Policy Research.

• Henry Brownstein – Senior Vice President and Director of the Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Criminal Justice Department. He previously served as Director of the Center on Crime, Drugs, and Justice at Abt Associates and as Director of Drugs, Crime and Crime Research at the National Institute of Justice.

• Julia Lane – Senior Vice President and Director, Economics, Labor, and Population Studies Department. Julia previously held senior research positions at the National Science Foundation, the Census Bureau, and the Urban Institute and was the architect and driving force behind the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Project for Census.

• Michael O’Grady – Senior Fellow in the Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research department and for the prior several years Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation at the Department of Health and Human Services.

We have doubled in size in the last four years and have grown by 50 percent in the last two years. This growth has made organizational change a necessity.

2 In April 2005 NORC established an International Projects Department and recruited Jeff Telgarsky as Senior Vice President and founding director of the group. Jeff served for the previous twelve years as director of the International Activities Center at the Urban Institute. During its first year, the new department took over the administration of our large project in Qatar, supporting that country’s expanding program of education reform. The department also provided methodological advice to the UK Department of Culture, Media, and Sport on the effectiveness of screening questions to identify problem gamblers. And NORC became lead in a consortium of organizations, including the Urban Institute and RAND, selected to carry out impact evaluations of the Millennium Challenge Corporation’s overseas development programs. The work will assess project contributions to economic growth, job creation, and household incomes, and to help guide the design of future programs.

Planned in late 2005 and implemented in early 2006, NORC’s Health, Survey, Program, and Policy Research (HSPPR) Department, which had grown very rapidly in the last few years, was reorganized into three new departments. Dan Gaylin, previously HSPPR’s Senior Vice President and Director, became Executive Vice President for Health Research, and will oversee the newly formed departments:

• Health Policy and Evaluation, led by Marc Berk, Senior Vice President and Director.

• Public Health and Epidemiology, headed by Missy Koppelman, Senior Vice President and Director.

• Health Care Delivery and Health Outcomes, led by Stephen Smith, Vice President and Director.

Kathleen Parks, who has coordinated the work of NORC’s academic research centers for the past five years, was promoted to Senior Vice President and Director at the end of 2005.

The year brought change and renewal to our Board of Trustees. Arthur Nielsen, a NORC trustee since 1981, and Dorothy Rice, a NORC trustee since 1987, retired and were named honorary life trustees. Early in 2005, four new trustees were elected, including Craig Coelen, James L. Madara, John W. McCarter, and Gail R. Wilensky. Those new to NORC include:

• James L. Madara, M.D. – University Vice President for Medical Affairs; Dean, Biological Sciences Division and Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago; and Sara and Harold Thompson Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Pathology, Pritzker School.

• John W. McCarter, Jr. – President and CEO of The Field Museum and previously Senior Vice President of Booz, Allen, Hamilton, Inc.; and a trustee of the University of Chicago.

• Gail R. Wilensky, Ph.D. – A senior fellow at Project HOPE, an international health education foundation. She previously held the position of Administrator, Health Care Financing Administration, which oversaw Medicare and Medicaid programs, and she has chaired and participated on several national commissions.

NORC’s upgrade of the infrastructure it uses for telephone interviewing achieved a major mile- stone this year, with the launch of the National Immunization Survey through our new Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system, just three months after winning the competition. Our current system supports over 350 simultaneous interviewer work stations and offers many sophisticated features that improve our calling efficiency, including automated assignment of call outcomes, advanced scheduling rules, and power dialing (telephone numbers are delivered and dialed for interviewers). We have also begun digitally recording and storing telephone interviews, significantly boosting our ability to provide coaching and feedback to interviewers.

3 In addition to making technology advancements, we also saw improvements in our interviewing efficiency as the number of field and telephone interviews hit record levels. In the field, thousands of interviews were completed for large projects such as the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth funded by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Residential Energy Consumption Survey sponsored by the Energy Information Administration, and the National Social, Life, Health and Aging Project, sponsored by the National Institute on Aging. The resulting measures for productivity and cost efficiency in the field reached new levels of performance, and we are optimistic that we are starting to see the results of our corporate investments in improvement initiatives. In the telephone center we called over 4 million numbers and completed more than 26,000 telephone cases for the National Immunization Survey and close to 18,000 cases for the associated Children with Special Health Care Needs telephone survey, both on behalf of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Our progress on the Watson project and our improvements in interviewer performance have moved us a long way toward achieving the goal set out in our 2003 strategic plan to improve productivity in our field and telephone center centers.

Another significant achievement was the continued growth of our IT line of business. In addition to the launch of a public knowledge portal for the AHRQ National Health Information Technology Resource Center and follow-on work to Patient Safety that includes systems development to support a National Patient Safety Incident Reporting Database initiative, the group was awarded a contract to design and develop the online presence for the American Hospital Association’s new Quality Center targeted at hospital CEOs. These initiatives highlight the group’s capabilities to facilitate web-based dissemination, collaboration, and knowledge management.

A final defining aspect of 2005 was the sense of purpose and accomplishment generated by the nature of the work and the wide range of subjects being investigated: from a web portal designed to foster the growing field of health information technology, to groundbreaking work using biomarkers in social science research, to finding out about Americans’ attitudes toward and experiences with poetry. These and many other projects undertaken this year add in important ways to our knowledge about our society and will help policymakers and other leaders make better choices.

We thank the many people who made 2005 another very successful year for NORC and who are helping to make a difference by conducting social science research in the public interest.

Edward O. Laumann, Chairman Craig G. Coelen, President

4 NORC’s newly upgraded telephony infrastructure, uses Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) technology to link up to 370 interviewer work stations in multiple locations. The system automatically recognizes and dispositions calls that have nonworking or busy outcomes. It also offers opportunities for hybrid dialing, a major advance that dials calls and routes them to interviewers only after they have been answered by potential survey respondents. PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS

5 The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth

NORC plays an integral role, together with Ohio State University’s Center for Human Resource Research, in conducting two allied surveys of America’s youth: the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97). Sponsored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, each is nationally representative and each oversam- ples African American and Hispanic American youth. NLSY79 interviews over 12,000 men and women ages 14 to 22 years in 1979. Annual through 1994, it is now biennial. A key feature is the event history format, with beginning and end dates for important life events. Although the primary focus is labor force behavior, it also includes education, training investments, income and assets, health, workplace injuries, insurance coverage, alcohol and substance abuse, sexual activity, and marital and fertility histories.

NLSY97 interviews annually about 9,000 youths ages 12 to 16 years in 1996. It documents the transition from school to work and into adulthood. In addition to extensive information about labor market behavior and educational experiences, it details relationships with parents, contact with absent parents, marital and fertility histories, dating, sexual activity, puberty onset, training, government assistance, expec- tations, time use, criminal behavior, and alcohol and drug use. The self-administered portion comprises sensitive areas such as sexual activity and criminal behavior.

A project of NORC’s Economics, Labor, and Population Department.

AHA Quality Center

NORC is developing a Quality Center for the American Hospital Association. A forum for practice-focused learning, it is a repository of action-oriented tools and information to help hospital executives make the case for improved hospital quality and patient safety as well as plan and implement quality improvement activities, and assess progress. The Center has three key attributes:

• Knowledge repository. This is a library that draws on the wealth of hospital quality and patient safety expertise from all sources to produce a collection of the most trusted and highly proven materials for hospital executives. • Opportunity assessment. This on-line assessment tool helps leaders understand their hospitals’ needs and provide immediate results for them to access the best repository resources for their needs. • Member matching. This is a professional user matching service, to foster a collaborative community of leading professionals with responsibility for quality initiatives at the nation’s hospitals.

A public web portal will house all three, as well as provide an overall communications hub for all AHA Quality Center resources.

A joint project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department and Information Technology Department.

6 Survey of Former Prisoners

The purpose of this study, funded by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), is to explore the incidence and prevalence of prison assaults, particularly sexual assaults, among former prisoners. NORC’s current role is to develop and pretest a self-administered instrument, the Former Prisoner Survey, to measure sexual assault in prison as reported by paroled offenders. Twenty parole offices, ten in each of two states, will be sampled and seventy-five offenders on active parole supervision at each office will be randomly selected for interview. The sampling and implementation strategies will provide estimates for the two pretest states. The field stage will test the sampling and implementation protocols, as well as the data collection instrument, to assess their adequacy and efficiency for national implementation. The interview will use both Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) and Touchscreen Audio Computer Assisted Self Interviews (TACASI) technology. NORC is also developing a plan for nationwide implementation to provide national estimates.

A project of NORC’s Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Criminal Justice Department.

Patient Safety Research Coordinating Center

In collaboration with the Miami Center for Patient Safety at the University of Miami, NORC is developing and operating a Coordinating Center for AHRQ’s Patient Safety Initiative. Its objective is to coordinate federal research and demonstration projects on patient safety and medical errors, linking all stakeholders in AHRQ’s patient safety initiative. The Coordinating Center supplies technical expertise, logistical capabilities, and infrastructure to AHRQ’s patient safety stakeholders; provides technical assistance to, and facilitates ongoing discussion and collaboration among, grantees; and prepares researchers to effectively communicate research findings to diverse target audiences. It also manages the monitoring of grantee progress and reporting on project status to AHRQ. To further AHRQ’s mission of reaching a wider patient safety audience, the Coordinating Center is charged with developing innovative ways of translating grantees’ research into lessons for practitioners, and assisting the Agency transform and disseminate results so as to facilitate translation into policy and practice.

Through the Coordinating Center’s technology infrastructure, NORC will provide a data warehouse, knowledge repository, and other tools to assist AHRQ in bringing its patient safety stakeholders into a virtual community with on-line access to structured data, unstructured data, metadata, and tools for collaboration. Currently, the Coordinating Center supports over 150 patient safety research grantees and maintains a web portal of resources for patient safety researchers.

A joint project of NORC’s Health Survey Program and Policy Research Department and Information Technology Department.

7 Black Youth Culture

Arguably more than any other subgroup of Americans, African American youth reflect the challenges of inclusion and empowerment in the post-civil rights period. Increasingly, researchers and policy makers have detailed and measured their behavior with little concern for their attitudes, ideas, wants, and desires. This project, sponsored by the Ford Foundation, the University of Chicago, and NORC’s Center for Excellence in Survey Research, helps fill that gap. The overall project includes a new national telephone survey, the Youth Culture Survey, which NORC conducted in 2005.

Nearly 1,600 young people (ages 15-25) nationwide were asked to complete a telephone interview that covered political, cultural, and social ideas and experiences. The sample was nationally representative of all youth, with an oversample of black and Hispanic youth, to help understand and begin to represent, in a comparative context, the perspectives and opinions of the range of young people in the United States. Often, a youth perspective is missing in public policy debates and decisions that have significant influences on young people’s lives. Further, the researchers want to understand the connection between younger people’s attitudes and their actions.

A joint project of NORC’s Statistics and Methodology Department and Academic Research Centers.

National Data on U.S. Doctorate Recipients

This project involves two national data collection efforts: the Survey of Earned Doctorates (SED) and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients (SDR). The SED, supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and five other federal agencies, is a detailed annual census of, and the most comprehensive source on, all new research doctorate recipients from U.S. universities. The number of new research doctorates a year now exceeds 42,000.

The SDR, supported by the NSF and the National Institutes of Health, is an ongoing national survey of science and engineering recipients of U.S. doctorates. The sample is drawn from the Doctorate Records File (DRF), a census of research doctorate holders from accredited U.S. institutions that is maintained and annually updated by NORC. NORC, which performed the 1997 and 2003 rounds, will handle the 2006 round as well. The SDR provides data on the education and training, work experience, career development, and demographics of this important population. SDR data are incorporated into NSF’s Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System, an integrated collection and dissemination tool providing a wealth of information on the U.S. science and engineering labor force and the education pipelines to those careers.

A project of NORC’s Education and Child Development Department.

8 National Immunization Survey

The National Immunization Survey (NIS), sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is the largest ever conducted to assess vaccination levels of young children in the U.S. and many times larger than any other NORC telephone survey. To increase the accuracy and precision of the data, the NIS also obtains consent to contact the immunization providers of the children in households surveyed. It provides an ongoing, consistent data set for providing national and state estimates of vaccination levels among children ages 19-35 months, including new vaccines as they are licensed and recommended for use. Covering 78 non-overlapping geographic Immunization Action Plan areas (the 50 states and 28 urban areas), the NIS also helps track progress towards public health immunization goals.

In addition to the central focus on immunization levels in young children, the NIS includes the State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey (SLAITS), which builds on the NIS sampling frame to address additional issues of importance. One of these is the Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. For this part of the NIS, NORC has so far conducted over 7,000 interviews with households that have children under age 18 years with such needs, and over 23,000 interviews with households that have same age children without such needs.

A project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department.

Making Connections

This initiative, funded by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, seeks to improve outcomes for disadvantaged children by strengthening their families, improving their neighborhoods, and raising local service quality. NORC is collaborating with the Foundation, the Urban Institute, research advisors, and local organizations to design and implement baseline and follow-up surveys to provide data to evaluate the initiative in selected low-income neighborhoods in ten cities. The neighborhoods from which our samples were drawn include diverse households in race, ethnicity, immigration status, and physical and economic conditions. Yet all are disadvantaged relative to their surrounding metropolitan areas.

Baseline data were collected during 2002-2004; follow-up data collection began during 2005 and will continue through 2007. The objective is to understand how residents perceive conditions in their neighborhood (including schools), how residents interact with their neighbors, use of and satisfaction with community services, and what new directions the initiative may need to take to be maximally effective.

A project of NORC’s Economics, Labor, and Population Department.

9 Qatar Education Reform

The State of Qatar enacted a decree in November 2002 to establish a new K-12 education system to improve student outcomes in Qatar. Implementation of this reform, which follows extensive research on the current Qatar system, calls for four new permanent organizations to provide the necessary infrastructure to support new schools: the Supreme Education Council, the Education Institute, the Evaluation Institute, and the Higher Education Institute.

NORC’s role within the overall reform is to assist the Evaluation Institute’s Office of Data Collection and Management in building the capacity needed to collect the data to support and assess the reform effort. This includes survey development and creation of the infrastructure for a Qatar national educational data system (the QNEDS). To date, NORC has assisted the Evaluation Institute in two years of monitoring, with efforts currently underway for the third year, the 2005-2006 school year.

The QNEDS work comprises three major components. The first is development of an integrated database to provide a wide-ranging and comprehensive picture of education in Qatar. The second is IT systems development, to facilitate data collection, reconcilia- tion and cleaning, analysis, and dissemination of findings. The third is to build local capacity for various functions, including training of field staff, logistics and operation of data collection, survey design, and system requirements development and user accep- tance testing.

A project of NORC’s International Projects Department.

Father’s Involvement in Permanency Planning and Child Welfare Casework

This was a Caseworker Telephone Survey conducted by NORC, under subcontract to the Urban Institute, as part of a larger study for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The purpose of the NORC portion was to collect data about the extent to which child welfare agencies in four selected states identify, locate, and involve noncustodial fathers in decision making and permanency planning for their children in foster care. To collect this information, casework- ers in the four states were interviewed about their work and the children in their caseloads.

After pretest, review by caseworker supervisors, and instrument revision, the questionnaire was pro- grammed by NORC into the SurveyCraft CATI program for the main data collection, with the states of Arizona, Massachusetts, Minnesota, and Tennessee recruited to participate. The target response rate was substantially exceeded in all four states.

A project of NORC’s Economics, Labor, and Population Department.

10 National Resource Center for Health Information Technology

For the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), NORC is leading a partnership effort to develop a resource center for AHRQ’s Health Information Technology (HIT) planning, implementation and value grantees. The Center will support over 100 HIT projects with services that include: monitoring grantee needs; providing technical assistance; coordinating HIT grantee activities; facilitating idea sharing among grantees; serving as a repository for best practice HIT assimilation and diffusion; performing and sponsoring educational activities; offering HIT support for providers and communities; and developing and disseminating tools to help providers and organizations within and outside the federal government utilize HIT to improve patient safety and quality of care in their communities.

The Center will leverage best practices in knowledge management, e-learning, and online collaboration to provide a “virtual community,” to help grantees and other stakeholders learn from one another and access current thinking on HIT issues. It will also offer a wide range of technical assistance in person, electronically, and by phone. The effort responds directly to the recent federal priority to promote adoption of a national health information infrastructure, including development of implementation standards and best practices, and the articulation of evidence regarding a “business case” to support provider and payer investments in HIT. NORC’s partners include the Foundation for eHealth Initiative, Indiana University/Regenstrief, Burness Communications, BL Seamon Corporation, Computer Sciences Corporation, Vanderbilt University, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and other industry thought leaders.

A joint project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department and Information Technology Department.

Problem Gambling Prevalence in California

This objective of this study, funded by the State of California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs, Office of Problem Gambling, is to provide information about the public’s knowledge of available resources for addressing gambling problems. The results will assist California in its efforts to improve programs that help those who are adversely affected by gambling. NORC has been chosen to assess the extent and impact of problem gambling in the state’s adult population through a survey of 7,500 adults. NORC staff will design and program the questionnaires; draw the sample; conduct the interviews; and analyze the data. The objective is to determine the extent of at- risk, problem, and pathological gambling in California by age, gender, ethnicity, gambling venue, disability, residence, and primary language. The study may be further expanded, and a series of public presentations of findings is planned.

A project of NORC’s Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Criminal Justice Department.

11 No Child Left Behind

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), a landmark in educational reform, embodies four principles—stronger accountability for results; greater flexibility for states, school districts, and schools in the use of federal funds; more choices for parents of children from disadvantaged backgrounds; and an emphasis on teaching methods demonstrated to work. It also increases emphasis on reading, enhancing the quality of our nation’s teachers, and ensuring that all children in America’s schools learn English.

NORC is responsible for designing and implementing the sampling plan, and collecting the data, for the first large-scale survey of NCLB, the National Longitudinal Study. About 1,500 schools in 300 public school districts are included in the survey. This study will be the main source of information to help the U.S. Department of Education understand how schools and districts are implementing Title I and Title II of the Act. Round One (school year 2004-05) collected data from over 10,000 respondents. Plans for Round Two (school year 2006-07) call for 13,500 respondents, including district administrators, principals, teachers, and paraprofessionals. Parents selected in a subsample of the 300 districts will provide important additional information about NCLB’s choice requirements.

A project of NORC’s Education and Child Development Department.

Attitudes towards Poetry

Poetry in America is the first national, in-depth survey of people’s attitudes towards and experiences with poetry. Conducted in 2005 by NORC, on behalf of the Poetry Foundation, the survey investigated people’s leisure time pursuits and reading habits; experiences with poetry; and perceptions of poets, poetry, and poetry readers. The sample of more than 1,000 adult readers includes those who currently read or listen to poetry, have read poetry in the past but no longer do so, and have never read poetry.

Preliminary findings show that readers in general, and poetry readers in particular, tend to be highly educated, African Americans, and women. With the exception of watching television, poetry readers have higher than average rates of participation in cultural and leisure activities. They have more positive perceptions of poetry than non-poetry readers, but non-poetry readers do rec- ognize and appreciate the benefits poetry offers. They also read or listen to poetry when they come across it in unexpected places. Regardless of whether readers still read or listen to poetry, many can recall the names of poets and poems, and can recite poetry lines.

A project of NORC’s Academic Research Centers.

12 Gates Millennium Scholars

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation established the Gates Millennium Scholars Program in 1999. Its goal is to provide scholarship and leadership opportunities to 20,000 high achieving, low-income African American, Asian American, Hispanic American, and Native American students—by enabling them to attend the undergraduate and graduate institutions of their choice. The NORC study is to analyze the short- and long-term effects of the program on scholars’ academic, professional, and civic lives. The research will also inform the education community about strategies to improve the educational attainment and achievement of students of color. NORC is responsible for questionnaire development, sampling, locating and tracking, data collection, data dissemination, and analysis. Transcripts have also been collected for selected survey respondents to capture high school curriculum data. The main study involves web-based and telephone interviews with four of five cohorts (Cohorts 1, 2, 3, and 5) of Gates Millennium Scholars and their non-recipient counterparts. Cohort 4 recipients, as well as all survey respondents, will be included in a NORC tracking database maintained across all five years of the survey.

A project of NORC’s Education and Child Development Department.

Residential Energy Consumption

The primary national source of energy-related data for U.S. households, the congressionally mandated Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), is sponsored by the Energy Information Administration (EIA), an independent statistical agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. RECS provides critical data for EIA’s National Energy Modeling System (NEMS), which is used as a guide in government planning for future U.S. energy needs. Other users include federal and state offices that administer the Low Income Energy Assistance and weatherization programs. Users include universities doing energy research, as well as Boy Scouts working on an energy badge and even households needing to decide what type of heating system to purchase.

NORC administered the 2005 RECS, which included a household personal interview, household measurements, authorization forms, and rental agent questionnaires. Over 4,000 households (an 80% response rate) and 212 rental agents provided the requisite information. NORC has now begun to administer the Energy Supplier Survey (ESS), which complements RECS. This requires contacting energy suppliers for the RECS-interviewed households to gather monthly energy use and price data for each housing unit. NORC will then merge the two datasets and create climate indices that map to the monthly billing periods. The combined dataset forms the heart of the NEMS, which predicts U.S. energy consumption by fuel type.

A project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department.

13 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project

This survey project, funded by the National Institute on Aging, is exploring (a) the health and health transitions of older Americans, (b) connections between their health and interpersonal relationships, and (c) their interpersonal relationships, social networks, and social and cultural contexts. Results will inform physicians and public health policy makers about the role such relationships play in aging and issues influencing those relationships, prolonging independence, and improving health and well- being. The 3,000 in-home interviews included the innovative collection of minimally intrusive biomarkers that are reliable and practical for a population-based survey administered by non-medical person- nel. A supplementary study will explore the biophysiological mechanisms underlying interpersonal relationships—and how social and biological factors interact to promote health, prevent disease and facilitate vulnerability to illness—at older ages.

This project is also contributing to survey research methodology by allowing inclusion— not only in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging but also in the Health and Retirement Survey—of households that would otherwise be excluded due to deficiencies in the sampling frame. This provides a benchmark comparison of the traditional listing process with an alternative list-based methodology. The characteristics of the households excluded by either alone are being determined, and a representative sample of those excluded by the traditional method added to both surveys.

A project of NORC’s Academic Research Centers and Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department.

Healthy Communities Access Program Evaluation

The Healthy Communities Access Program (HCAP) provides grants to local communities to strengthen the health care safety net that serves the uninsured and underinsured. The grants are to be used to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and coordination of services for the un- and underinsured; provide better quality health care for them; and lower the cost of the care provided to them. NORC will assist the Health Resources and Services Administration in conducting a national evaluation of the program, including a Report to Congress on whether HCAP has met its goals and objectives. The evaluation is to examine the activities of 200 grantees, chosen to reflect grantee variation in size, configuration, and number of provider partners; level of maturity of the consor- tia; types of activities and degree of program implementation; and the range of communities the con- sortia serve. The evaluation approach includes assessment of grantee activities based on progress reports, analysis of administrative data, a provider survey, stakeholder interviews, and case studies.

A project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department.

14 Economic Growth, Social Inequality, and Environmental Change in Thailand and Cambodia

Funded by the National Science Foundation, this interdisciplinary study analyzes the dynamics of economies in Thailand and Cambodia experiencing dramatic social and environmental changes in the context of ongoing globalization. Environmental, social, cultural, and historical variation and how they may interact with economic factors to cause social inequality and differences in income growth are examined. The research team includes anthropologist Alan L. Kolata and economist Robert M. Townsend, both of the University of Chicago, and environmental geographer/landscape ecologist Michael W. Binford of the University of Florida.

Preliminary findings show that there has been much more forest clearing in Cambodia than has been reported by authorities, and, in Thailand, that there is more inequality in incomes across villages in regions that are relatively less developed, though this pattern has lessened over time as national markets have developed and the wage rate for unskilled labor has increased.

A project of NORC’s Academic Research Centers.

How Beneficiaries Learn about, and Choose among, Medicare Drug Plans

The new Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit offers beneficiaries a choice among privately administered plans. Dozens of insurance companies and pharmacy benefit management companies offer plans, and each may offer several packages with different covered drugs, benefit structures, and premiums. For the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC), NORC and Georgetown University will study how beneficiaries learn about the multitude of plan choices available to them, how they make the choice of whether to enroll, and what factors are important to them in choosing a specific plan. The project encompasses three major activities: a beneficiary survey, key informant interviews, and beneficiary focus groups. The beneficiary survey will provide a snapshot of enrollment in February and March, 2006, the midpoint of the open enrollment period. Focus groups in two communities will allow us to add richness to the survey findings. Key informant interviews with individuals who counsel Medicare beneficiaries will enable us to learn from the synthesis of their experience with those of many individuals grappling with the decision making process. Results will feed into MedPAC’s spring meeting cycle, when the commission makes recommendations to Congress about the Medicare program.

A project of NORC’s Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Department.

15 (Top) The pilot study for a survey of former prisoners uses touch screen technology to improve response rates and cooperation on surveys involving sensitive and con- troversial topics and whenever confidentiality is an issue. Here, a trainer demonstrates the use of touch screen features on a laptop computer. Survey respondents select answers to survey questions without having to speak.

(Middle) A custom made “two- point discriminator” tool tests a survey respondent’s sensitivity to touch. It is one of several biomarkers effectively collected by field interviewers with no previous medical training as part of the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project (NSHAP). Other biomarker collection tools (see cover) include those used to obtain blood and sali- va samples, height and weight measurements, and measures of physical agility.

(Bottom) Low-tech tools, including a hand cranked tape measure, are used to calculate room size and, from this, estimate household energy consumption. The project team in Chicago can monitor, train, and provide technical support to remote interviewers using the “virtual call center.” This technology permits the cost-effective use of experienced interviewers in far- flung locations. It also has the potential to yield significant savings on travel and training expense. MAJOR ISSUE AREAS

17 JULIA I. LANE ECONOMICS, LABOR, Senior Vice President AND POPULATION and Department Director DAN BLACK conomics, labor, and population studies continues Senior Fellow to be the department that coordinates many of A. RUPA DATTA E Vice President NORC’s large-scale flagship studies. These studies inves- MICHAEL R. PERGAMIT Vice President tigate such subject areas as the development of children JOHN THOMPSON as future members of the labor force, student-level tran- Executive Vice President

sition from school to work, the finances of consumers, ROBERT T. MICHAEL the financial challenges of small business owners, inde- Director, Population Studies Center pendent living programs, the relocation of public hous- EDWARD O. LAUMANN ing residents, parenting and child welfare, labor force Director, Ogburn-Stouffer Center for the Study of participation of immigrants, and trends in general social Social Organizations LINDA J. WAITE and indicators. These large scale endeavors also incorporate DIANE LAUDERDALE methodological innovations in the area of information Co-Directors, Center for Demography and technology systems for such activities as data capture, Economics of Aging data cleaning, response coding, data-file production, and data warehousing. SENIOR STAFF

Leslie A. Athey Senior Survey Director Catherine Haggerty Senior Survey Director Kymn M. Kochanek Senior Survey Director Micah Sjoblom Senior Survey Director

Julia I. Lane

A. Rupa Datta

Michael R. Pergamit Dan Black

18 HARRISON N. GREENE EDUCATION AND CHILD Senior Vice President and Department Director DEVELOPMENT NORMAN BRADBURN ducation and child development staff are leading Senior Fellow SALLY MURPHY Econtributors to education research on such diverse Vice President populations as Head Start enrollees and their parents; BRONWYN L. NICHOLS elementary, middle, and secondary school students, Associate Department Director teachers, and administrators; postsecondary students CHARLENE WEISS and faculty in all fields; and developers of innovative Vice President education and training programs. The department’s BARBARA L. SCHNEIDER and portfolio of projects ranges from highly technical testing LINDA J. WAITE programs to assess student mastery, to completion of Co-Directors, Alfred P. Sloan Center on Parents, Children, decade-long longitudinal studies of education and labor and Work force activity of middle and high school students. Additionally, the department staff works to assist state SENIOR STAFF and local governments in (a) determining what works to promote educational improvements and (b) contract- Marie Halverson ing with federal agencies and private foundations to Senior Survey Director Karen H. Grigorian collect and distribute high quality data products that Senior Survey Director support the education research community at large and Mary M. Hess analyses conducted by policy makers and educators. Senior Survey Director Thomas B. Hoffer Principal Research Scientist Raymond Lodato Senior Survey Director Eloise Parker Senior Survey Director Lance Selfa Senior Research Scientist

Harrison N. Greene

Thomas B. Hoffer

Norman Bradburn

Bronwyn L. Nichols 19 HEALTH SURVEY, PROGRAM, DANIEL S. GAYLIN AND POLICY RESEARCH Executive Vice President n 2005, the Department of Health Survey, Program, MARC L. BERK Senior Vice President and Iand Policy Research grew to over 60 people, Director, Health Policy and enhancing its capabilities on major new initiatives Evaluation JACOB J. FELDMAN begun last year. These initiatives—in the areas of Senior Fellow childhood immunization, health information technolo- MICHELE T. KOPPELMAN Senior Vice President and gy, and patient safety—have afforded a range of Director, Public Health and opportunities for growth in data collection, database Epidemiology MICHAEL J. O’GRADY development, and program evaluation. In addition, Senior Fellow we continue to broaden our analytic and policy port- CLAUDIA L. SCHUR Associate Director, Health Policy folio, with new studies on a range of high priority and Evaluation issues, notably the new Medicare prescription drug STEPHEN M. SMITH Vice President and Director, benefit, pandemic influenza, and children’s health. Health Care Delivery and On a diversity of work for the federal government, Health Outcomes NORC researchers are using both quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques to explore financing mechanisms for graduate medical education, create a framework for development of Healthy People 2020 objectives, and design an evaluation of the state and regional organizations that work to improve quality of

Daniel S. Gaylin

Marc L. Berk

Jacob J. Feldman

20 care for Medicare beneficiaries. In addition, collaborations SENIOR STAFF both within NORC and with the University of Chicago have

Felicia G. Cerbone broadened the department’s scope. NORC researchers are Senior Survey Director working with University faculty to create a national program Angela Debello office for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to fund eval- Senior Survey Director Elizabeth Hargrave uations of initiatives for reducing health care disparities. Senior Research Scientist And joint activities with NORC’s IT department continue Joy Keeler Deputy Project Director with a major project for the American Hospital Association, Alma M. Kuby building a website on health care quality for hospital execu- Senior Survey Director tives. Katie Merrell Senior Research Scientist Adil Moiduddin To provide a more client focused management structure and Senior Research Scientist Curt D. Mueller to leverage critical organizational capabilities, the HSPPR Senior Research Scientist department reorganized recently into the three separate but Caitlin Carroll Oppenheimer Senior Research Scientist inter-related departments, each focusing on specific aspects Julie A. Schoenman of health research: Senior Research Scientist • Health Policy and Evaluation Janet P. Sutton Senior Research Scientist • Public Health and Epidemiology Kathryn G. Vargish • Health Care Delivery and Health Outcomes Senior Survey Director Leigh Ann White Senior Research Scientist Krishna Winfrey Senior Survey Director Sara Zuckerbraun Senior Survey Director

Michele T. Koppelman Claudia L. Schur

Michael J. O’Grady

21 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MICHAEL S. TILKIN Senior Vice President and Chief ORC IT has a rich history of providing its clients with Information Officer Ninnovative, state-of-the-art technology solutions, and ANANTH G. KOPPIKAR our commitment to furthering the social science research and Vice President, Director, Technology policy agenda through technology is stronger than ever. Projects and Programming Services (TPPS) Over this past year, our Technology Projects and MOHIT SEN Programming Services team delivered solutions to a wide Vice President, Director, Infrastructure array of projects. From technologies to support mixed-mode and Systems Operations (ISO) surveys and complex data analysis to innovative web-based JOSEPH P. TAYLOR Vice President, Project Management tools to promote online collaboration and data dissemina- and Business Analysis (TPPS) tion, NORC IT offers its clients the latest tools and technologies. The Infrastructure and Systems Operations team con- SENIOR STAFF tinues to strengthen and upgrade the technologies that form Mishell Meyer the backbone of IT operations. Successes this year include Associate Director of IT for Finance the expansion of our state-of-the-art data center, deployment and Administration of innovative mobile technologies to support a distributed Randy Horton workforce, and new services that support a dynamic and Director, Technology Business Development increasingly complex client community. Nigel H. Lambert Director, Engineering (ISO) As our environment and the needs of our clients continue to Preeta Chickermane evolve, NORC will continue its tradition of offering leading Manager, Application Development technology alternatives. In both the nature of the technolo- (TPPS) gy solutions we provide and the IT delivery process, NORC IT Eric Jensen remains committed to excellence. Manager, Corporate Systems (ISO)

Michael S. Tilkin

Joseph P. Taylor

Ananth G. Koppikar 22 JEFFREY P. TELGARSKY INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS Senior Vice President and nternational projects, ranging from the International Social Survey Department Director HATEM M. GHAFIR IProgram to work on household risk mitigation in Thailand, have Vice President long been a vital part of NORC’s portfolio of work. There is an increasing recognition of the importance of high quality data in SENIOR STAFF decision-making by governments and international donor organizations, which have a particular need for internationally comparable Donald Knapp data to assess the impact of cross-border phenomena such as Senior Quality Assurance AIDS/HIV and education in a globalized economy. The new Leader John Rago International Programs department coordinates NORC’s internation- Data Warehousing Specialist al work, helping to match our combined expertise in statistics, survey methodology, and information technology to these expanding opportunities.

NORC is already working extensively in the international arena. Since 2003 we have been providing support to the Evaluation Institute of the Supreme Education Council for an extensive system of data collection to monitor and assess the on-going education reform effort in Qatar. Over the past year we have also provided methodological advice to the World Bank on a household survey in Asia that tracks the transition of youth into the workforce and to the UK Department of Culture, Media, and Sport on the effectiveness of screening questions to identify problem gamblers. And NORC was one of five organizations selected by the Millennium Challenge Corporation to carry out impact evaluations of MCC-funded development programs to assess their contribution to economic growth, job creation, and increased household incomes, and to help guide the design of future programs.

Jeffrey P. Telgarsky

23 STATISTICS AND METHODOLOGY RACHEL M. HARTER tatistics and methodology staff are important contributors to Vice President and Department Director the vast majority of NORC projects, providing statistical, analyti- S COLM O’MUIRCHEARTAIGH cal, and methodological services under the direction of the individ- Senior Fellow and Professor, ual project’s manager. In addition to support functions, statistics University of Chicago Harris and methodology staff develop and execute projects with particu- School lar statistical or methodological complexities. Our statisticians are FRITZ J. SCHEUREN Vice President responsible for many aspects of study design and implementation, JOHN THOMPSON including sampling, weights, imputation, and variance estimation. Executive Vice President They review the specific client’s needs and help determine the highest quality approach consistent with the project’s analytical KIRK M. WOLTER Senior Fellow and Director, and financial goals. Throughout, the statisticians monitor the sta- Center for Excellence tistical integrity of the work to ensure data quality. in Survey Research

NORC statistics and methodology staff build statistical infrastruc- SENIOR STAFF ture such as the National Sampling Frame for area probability surveys of housing units, and statistical standards for best practices to Janella F. Chapline ensure consistently high quality across projects. They are develop- Senior Statistician Sadeq Chowdhury ing, in collaboration with others at the University of Chicago, a Senior Statistician program of courses in survey research methods for the professional Bernard L. Dugoni Senior Survey Methodologist development of NORC staff and the educational benefit of Stephanie Eckman University of Chicago scholars. Senior Survey Methodologist Susan M. Hinkins Senior Statistician In collaboration with the Center for Excellence in Survey Research, Parvati Krishnamurty the department also provides NORC’s leadership in methodological Senior Survey Economist innovation. NORC’s in-house experts use cognitive interviews, Lisa Lee Senior Survey Methodologist expert review, and focus groups for the design, evaluation, and Yan Liu development of questionnaires; and they provide guidance on the Senior Statistician Hiroaki Minato strengths and weaknesses of alternative data collection strategies. Senior Statistician Whitney E. Murphy Senior Statistician Steven Pedlow Senior Statistician Hee-Choon Shin Senior Statistician Y. Michael Yang Senior Statistician Michele F. Zimowski Senior Survey Methodologist Rachel M. Harter

Fritz J. Scheuren

Colm O’Muircheartaigh

24 HENRY H. BROWNSTEIN SUBSTANCE ABUSE, MENTAL Senior Vice President and Department Director HEALTH, AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE NATALIE SUTER he department has a rich history of conducting research on a Associate Department Director Trange of issues related to substance abuse and mental health, including the establishment of performance measures for substance abuse treatment programs; large-scale studies of drug treatment out- SENIOR STAFF comes; the operation and effectiveness of substance abuse and mental Candace Johnson health treatment and prevention programs; and the dynamics and Senior Research Scientist characteristics of drug markets and their relationship to public health David A. Herda and public safety. These topics are especially relevant given the recent Senior Survey Director Ellen J. Kaplowitz surge in methamphetamine use, as states and municipalities attempt to Senior Survey Director adapt their treatment programs to meet changing needs. Other topics Phyllis Newton the department has investigated include individual substance use histo- Senior Research Scientist ries; networks of relationships among substance use, abuse, and Kenneth A. Rasinski Principal Research Scientist dependence; gambling policy and behavior; and public attitudes, Sam Schildhaus stereotypes, and policy views about crime, substance abuse, and men- Senior Research Scientist tal health disorders. Rachel A. Volberg Senior Research Scientist The substance abuse, mental health, and criminal justice group has Zhiwel Zhang Senior Research Scientist recently enhanced its substantive expertise in the operations and clien- tele of law enforcement and criminal justice programs, including homeland security; the death penalty; human trafficking; and violence against women. Of special note is NORC’s record of conducting surveys of correctional institutions and facilities; and its ground-breaking data collection methods used for interviewing incarcerated respondents on sensitive topics where confidentiality is of heightened importance.

Henry H. Brownstein

Natalie Suter

25 ASSOCIATED SCIENTISTS Health Survey, Program, and Policy Research Principal or Co-Principal Investigators or expert senior consultants on NORC projects. John Billings New York University Kate Cagney University of Chicago Economics, Labor and Population Joel C. Cantor Rutgers University Noshir Contractor Barry Chakin University of Illinois Bearingpoint Jeff Grogger Marshall Chin University of Chicago University of Chicago Sangtae Kim Mark Frisse Purdue University Vanderbilt University Robert Lalonde Louis P. Garrison University of Chicago University of Washington Bruce Meyer John Hickner University of Chicago University of Chicago Robert T. Michael Jack Hoadley University of Chicago Georgetown University Randall Olsen Wendy Levinson Ohio State University University of Toronto Medical School Freya Sonnenstein Julie McGowan Urban Institute Indiana University Regenstrief Institute Matt Stagner Gregg S. Meyer Urban Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Peter J. Neumann Harvard University Stephen T. Parente Education and Child University of Minnesota Development Robert J. Rubin Georgetown University R. Darrell Bock Bill Tierney University of Chicago Emeritus Indiana University Larry V. Hedges Jan Walker University of Chicago Partners Healthcare Calvin C. Jones Gail Wilensky Statistical and Evaluation Research Project HOPE Barbara L. Schneider University of Chicago Linda J. Waite University of Chicago International Projects

Robert M. Townsend University of Chicago

26 Statistics and Methodology Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Criminal Justice Lawrence W. Barsalou Emory University Stephen Budde George R. Bateman University of Chicago University of Chicago John Cacioppo F. Jay Breidt University of Chicago Colorado State University Patrick W. Corrigan Bobby J. Calder University of Chicago Northwestern University Thomas D’Aunno Brenda G. Cox University of Chicago Battelle Memorial Institute Margaret E. Ensminger Don A. Dillman Johns Hopkins University Washington State University Peter D. Friedmann Constantine Frangakis Brown University Johns Hopkins University Henrick J. Harwood Wayne A. Fuller The Lewin Group Iowa State University Carolyn J. Heinrich Michael D. Larsen University of Wisconsin (Madison) Iowa State University Denise B. Kandel Robin Lee Columbia University Independent Consultant Benjamin B. Lahey Roderick J. A. Little University of Chicago University of Michigan Daniel J. Luchins Tapabrata Maiti University of Chicago and Office of Mental Iowa State University Health, Illinois Department of Human Services Fabrizia Meali Lawrence E. Lynn University of Florence Texas A&M University Xiao-Li Meng Jeanne C. Marsh Harvard University University of Chicago Susan M. Nusser Gerald Melnick Iowa State University National Development and Research, Inc. Donald B. Rubin Jack D. Riley Harvard University RAND Corporation William J. Sheldrake Richard Rothenberg Policy Analytics, LLC Emory University Elizabeth A. Stuart Michael D. Slater Mathematica Policy Research, Inc. Colorado State University Judith M. Tanur Sharon C. Wilsnack State University of New York (Stoney University of North Dakota Brook) Steven K. Thompson The Pennsylvania State University Joe B. Walker Independent Consultant Elaine L. Zanutto University of Pennsylvania Alan M. Zaslavsky Harvard University

27 SURVEY OPERATIONS JOHN THOMPSON Executive Vice President ORC has a long history of conducting high quality data JENNIFER A. KELLY Ncollection to support important social science research Vice President for Telephone Survey and Support Operations endeavors. The Survey Operations area is composed of the JUDITH PETTY Field Operations Center and the Telephone Survey and Vice President and Director, Field Operations Center Support Center. Since the design and operations of a survey SUZANNE H. BARD research study are crucial to reliability, validity, and credibility, Associate Director, Field the Survey Operations area works closely with the relevant Operations Center PATRICK CAGNEY research areas, including the Statistics and Methodology Director, CATI Projects and Department, in developing and fielding high quality data col- Technology KATE HOBSON lection activities. NORC conducts surveys in several different Director, CATI Projects and interviewing modes (mail, telephone, in-person, Internet). Technology SHIRLEY WILLIAMS And Survey Operations center staff are very experienced in Director, Production and Survey the hiring, training, and management of interviewers; direct- Support Center ing data collection procedures including quality assurance; data coding; and conducting mail surveys. NORC methodol- ogists bring additional skills in questionnaire design; sample management; editing and imputation; weighting; and variance estimation to ensure that NORC can supply the comprehensive survey results essential to high quality social science research. The management of Survey Operations also works closely with NORC’s Quality Assurance Department in conducting programs of continuous improvement aimed at increasing both productivity and accuracy.

John Thompson

28 TELEPHONE SURVEY AND SUPPORT OPERATIONS CENTER

The NORC telephone and data preparation facility is located in Chicago’s downtown Loop area. This location provides NORC with excellent flexibility and diversity for hiring interviewers, clerks, and supervisors.

NORC has recently upgraded its telephony infrastructure to a state-of-the art Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology, which is highly scalable and allows NORC to operate multiple facilities as one centralized call center. The scalable VoIP technology also allows rapid expansion into additional facilities to meet emerging client demands. Currently, NORC is using an Jennifer A. Kelly additional facility in Las Vegas to address increased call volume needs. The total calling capacity at this time is 365 stations.

NORC currently conducts large centralized random digit dial surveys as well as focused local studies. The VoIP technology allows for complete decentralized calling where interviewers in their homes are securely connected as a virtual call center, as well as voice recording for monitoring and improvement of interviewer quality. Other technologies used by NORC include multiple mode surveys (mail, telephone, and Internet) and Interactive Voice Recognition to address respondent privacy and to increase efficiencies.

Tasks at the facilities include computer assisted telephone (CATI) data collection, respondent locating and screening, survey response coding, hard copy document management, computer- Shirley Williams assisted data entry, and survey material and corporate mailings. Center staff are chosen to represent the diverse backgrounds necessary to serve the needs of NORC’s wide variety of survey functions. These include bilingual interviewers who speak Spanish, Korean, Vietnamese, and Chinese and other Asian languages.

29 FIELD OPERATIONS CENTER NORC supports a permanent nationwide field structure, managed by senior field staff, with extensive in-person data collection experience. Each of eight regions is headed by a regional manager. These managers are responsible for recruiting, hiring, staffing, training, and developing/supporting all field interviewers and field managers within their region. The regional managers also manage field data collection projects and serve as liaisons with departments of NORC’s central office. The eight regional managers and about 35 of our field managers are full-time staff. NORC’s 700 currently active interviewers display a broad array of backgrounds, talents, and skills. NORC depends on this diversity to sustain its successful track record of high completion rates with markedly different Judith Petty target populations across widely varying types of communities.

NORC has demonstrated capabilities in many areas of in-person data collection. These include experience in conducting longitudinal tracking studies, collection of biomarkers via non- medically trained interviewers, accessing diverse communities, and maintaining a portfolio of languages.

NORC’s in-person interviewing is supported by a case management system that allows for timely cost and progress reports, and also accommodates many questionnaire authoring tools including Blaise, SPSS mrinterview, and Survey Craft.

NORC has made recent significant corporate investments directed at improving and modernizing field operations. Major initiatives have been completed in the areas of training, recruit- Suzanne H. Bard ment, and management processes and we have experienced a steady gain in survey productivity. NORC also maintains a national sampling frame that uses the USPS list of addresses. This allows much increased flexibility in tailoring both national and local surveys to meet unique client requirements.

30 Academic Research Centers and University of Chicago Affiliation

NORC’s Academic Research Centers and its wider relationship with the University of Chicago are mutually beneficial in many ways. Joint appointments provide benefits to both university faculty and NORC staff. NORC provides university faculty with stimulating intellectual challenges in important policy areas and a collegial and supportive work environment for faculty and on-the-job training for graduate students. The university’s Division of the Social Sciences is particularly prominent in this connection.

Additional benefit is derived from teaming agreements and more informal collaborations between NORC and other institutions affili- ated with the university. The most important of these for NORC’s work are:

Chapin Hall Center for Children Irving B. Harris School for Public Policy Studies Joint Center for Poverty Research School for Social Service Administration School of Medicine University of Chicago Hospitals

31 KATHLEEN PARKS ACADEMIC RESEARCH CENTERS Senior Vice President and niversity of Chicago social science faculty and graduate Director Ustudents conduct research within NORC’s Academic NORMAN BRADBURN Research Centers. The Centers provide office space for faculty Senior Fellow and their research assistants as well as computing services, training programs, workshops, proposal development support, grants administration, and other specialized services to sup- SENIOR STAFF port the collegial, interdisciplinary environment to meet the needs of individual projects. The centers aim to foster an excit- James Davis Research Associate ing, dynamic intellectual environment for research; to encour- Sarah Kay McDonald age development of new research projects and research foci; Senior Research Scientist and to facilitate collaborative research and teaching. Michael Reynolds Senior Survey Director Thomas W. Smith Senior Research Scientist The Alfred P. Sloan Center on Parents, Children and Work BARBARA L. SCHNEIDER and LINDA J. WAITE Co-Directors

As part of a network of Sloan Working Family Centers, the Chicago Center was founded to examine the issues facing working parents and their children by taking a different conceptual approach to defining the research issues and exploring new research methodologies. Today’s families must be flexible and Kathleen Parks able to adapt to rapidly changing circumstances, which also make them more vulnerable to pressures from both within and outside the family. The issues facing parents, children, families, employers, and schools are intricate and complex, and they are at the heart of this center. Studying these issues requires that we understand the dynamics of working families, not only from Sarah Kay McDonald the perspective of adults in the household, but also through the voices of the children. The complex dynamics of this century’s working family can only be understood through an interdisciplinary approach. Center research collaborations include the dis- ciplines of psychology, sociology, economics, child development, human development, and public policy.

The Center on Demography and Economics of Aging LINDA J. WAITE and Michael Reynolds DIANE LAUDERDALE Co-Directors This center, now in its 13th year of funding from the NIA, provides support to about 35 funded research projects in four key areas: (1) social relationships, living arrangements, and family; (2) the social context of aging; (3) health care research; and (4) biobehavioral pathways. The center consists of three core units: Thomas W. Smith

32 (1) an Administrative and Research Support Core; (2) a Program Development Core; and (3) an External Innovative Network Core. Together these three cores facilitate and support a large and extremely active program of research and training at Chicago. Waite and Lauderdale direct the Administrative Core consisting of seven service functions. Lauderdale directs the Program Development Core, which consists of an active program of pilot projects and support for new faculty development in aging. The External Innovative Network, directed by Stacy Tessler Lindau, seeks to develop a new focus on biomarkers in population-based aging research by providing a centralized resource for collecting, discussing, evaluating, and disseminating the most recent developments in the measurement and collection of biomarker and phar- maceutical data in population-based aging research.

Linda J. Waite The Data Research and Development Center BARBARA L. SCHNEIDER Principal Investigator LARRY V. HEDGES and COLM O’MUIRCHEARTAIGH Co-Principal Directors Funded by the federal Interagency Education Research Initiative (IERI), this research center works to understand the factors that are essential for scaling up promising educational models, programs, and strategies. As a technical center, we work with IERI researchers across the country to identify – and develop plans to address – the methodological and other challenges that arise when conducting research on scaling. The Center supports investigators carrying out research across the country as part of the IERI and conducts on-going needs assessments so that we can provide Diane Lauderdale technical assistance tailored to those investigators’ individual project needs. We work with these IERI projects to build capacity by strengthening the community of scholars seeking to understand the factors that impede and enhance scale-up and to help them share this knowledge with practitioners and policy makers. Now in its fourth year, the DRDC has undertaken four activities planned in conjunction with the National Science Foundation (NSF) and identified as critical to enhancing the research capacity of IERI investigators and the wider research community: (1) Collaborate with NSF to host three principal investigator meetings designed to meet the research needs of IERI investigators. (2) Host three invita- tional workshops on substantive topics related to the conduct of IERI research. (3) Launch a new publications series. (4) Conduct a self-study. These activities were identified as critical to enhancing Barbara L. Schneider the research capacity of IERI investigators and the wider research community.

33 The Ogburn-Stouffer Center for the Study of Social Organizations EDWARD O. LAUMANN Director

This center undertakes sociological research on topics in population, education, and social structure. It also provides on-the-job training for graduate students in the University of Chicago’s sociology department. During its more than 20 years of research, the Edward O. Laumann Center has been led by Edward Laumann whose recent research project, National Health, Social Life and Aging Project, draws heavily on his earlier research of the behaviors and social structures that influence transmission of HIV and other STDs.

The Population Research Center ROBERT T. MICHAEL Director

This year marks the 22nd year of activities associated with this infrastructure. The Chicago Population Research Center provides support to 41 faculty research associates who have over 75 funded research projects in three key areas: (1) marriage, family, and children; (2) healthy behavior at all ages; and (3) earnings, income, Robert T. Michael and poverty. We provide support to University faculty researchers through three core units: (1) an Administrative Support Core; (2) a Computing and Information Core; and (3) a Program Development Core. Together these three cores facilitate and support a large and extremely active program of research at Chicago. The Development Core consists of an active program of pilot projects and support for new faculty research, including a focus on developments in the measurement and collection of biomarker data in population-based demography research.

Center for Excellence in Survey Research KIRK M. WOLTER Senior Fellow and Director

NORC’s newest of the academic research centers, this center builds on NORC’s reputation as a leader in methodological innovation in survey research. Its mission is to conduct timely, cutting-edge statistical and methodological research on problems of design, execu- Kirk M. Wolter tion, and analysis of surveys and related information-collection activities. Center collaborators seek to conduct work primarily through externally sponsored grants and contracts, and secondarily through use of limited internal R&D funds that may become available from time to time.

34 The Center initiated its Seed Grant Program in 2004 to assist University of Chicago faculty and staff, NORC staff, and staff of other university affiliates in obtaining external funding for their work. As a result of the program’s success, the Center conducted four externally funded projects in 2005: the Black Youth Culture Project, funded by the Ford Foundation, University of Chicago, and NORC (see page 8); How Social Relations and Attitudes Vary by Neighborhood, funded by the National Institutes of Health; Workshop on the Social Psychology of Survey Participation, funded by the National Science Foundation; and Estimation of Rx Activity at Multiple Levels of Disaggregation, funded by IMS Health.

ASSOCIATES AND AFFILIATES OF NORC’S RESEARCH CENTERS

Vineet Arora Susan E. Mayer Gary S. Becker Martha McClintock Jason Beckfield David O. Meltzer Hoyt Bleakley Katie Merrell Donald J. Bogue Bruce Meyer John Cacioppo Robert T. Michael Kathleen Cagney Hiroako Minato Eve Van Cauter Casey Mulligan Marshall Chin Naoko Muramatsu Shelley D. Clark Kevin M. Murphy Cathy J. Cohen Derek Neal James A. Davis S. Jay Olshansky Robert W. Fogel Colm O’Muircheartaigh Natalia Gavrilova William L. Parish Leonid Gavrilov Cynthia Peters Andrew M. Greeley Tomas J. Philipson Colleen Grogan Marcos Rangel Jeffrey Grogger Kenneth A. Rasinski Jonathan Guryan Paul Rathouz Lars Hansen Stephen Raudenbush James J. Heckman C. Cybele Raver Larry V. Hedges Karin V. Rhodes Patrick Heuveline Fritz J. Scheuren Elbert Huang Barbara L. Schneider Ariel Kalil Philip Schumm Jibum Kim Will Shadish Alan Kolata Thomas W. Smith R. Tamara Konetzka Ross M. Stolzenberg Lianne Kurina Ronald A. Thisted Robert Lalonde Robert Townsend Susan Lambert Eve Van Cauter Diane Lauderdale Martha Van Haitsma Edward O. Laumann Penny Visser Judith Levine Linda J. Waite Wendy Levinson Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach Stacy Tessler Lindau Kirk M. Wolter Ofer Malamud Kazuo Yamaguchi Willard G. Manning Yang Yang Christopher Masi 35 SELECTED CLIENTS Election Science Institute National Development and The Los Angeles Times Federation of American Hospitals Research Institutes The New York Times Fetzer Institute National Gambling Commission The Orlando Sentinel AARP Ford Foundation National Governors Association The Palm Beach Post Academy Health Foundation for Accountability National Institute of Arthritis and The Sarasota Herald-Tribune Administration for Children and (FACCT) Musculoskeletal and Skin The South Florida Sun-Sentinel Families George Washington University Diseases The Urban Institute Agencia Brasileira de Cooperaçao Georgetown University National Institute of Child Health The Washington Post Agency for Health Care Research GMMB, Inc. and Human Development The Wall Street Journal and Quality Greenwald Foundation (NICHD) TIAA-CREF Allensbach Institute Harvard University National Institute of Justice Tribune Publishing Alliance for Aging Research Health Affairs Journal National Institute of Mental United Kingdom, Department American Bankruptcy Institute Health Care Financing Health (NIMH) for Culture, Media and Sport American Bar Association Administration (HCFA) National Institute of Occupational University of California, American Bar Foundation Health Insurance Association of Safety and Health (NIOSH) Los Angeles American Educational Research America National Institute on Aging (NIA) University of California at Association Health Resources and Services National Institute on Alcohol Berkeley American Hospital Association Administration Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) University of California, Office American Institutes for Research Health Services Advisory Group National Institute on Drug Abuse of the President (AIR) Hewlett Foundation (NIDA) University of Chicago American Medical Association Illinois Caucus for Adolescent National Institutes of Health (NIH) University of Illinois American Society of Health National Multiple Sclerosis Society University of Maine Anesthesiologists Illinois Department of National Science Foundation University of Maryland Annie E. Casey Foundation Employment Security Nevada Department of Human University of Miami Banco de Espana Illinois Department of Human Resources University of Michigan Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Services New York University University of Minnesota Blue Cross Blue Shield IMS Health, Inc. New Zealand Immigration Service University of North Carolina, Association Indiana Fiscal Policy Institute Nielsen Media Research Chapel Hill Board of Governors of the Indiana University Northwestern University University of North Dakota Federal Reserve System Interstitial Cystitis Association Occupational Safety and Health University of Rochester School Boston College Institute for Psychological Administration (OSHA) of Medicine Bowling Green State University Sciences Office of Educational Research University of Wisconsin Bureau of Justice Statistics InterSurvey and Improvement U.S. Air Force Bureau of Labor Statistics Iowa Department of Health Ohio State University U.S. Bureau of the Census Bureau of the Census John D. and Catherine T. Pew Charitable Trusts U.S. Commission on Caliber Associates MacArthur Foundation Pharmacia International Religious California HealthCare Foundation John Templeton Foundation Presbyterian Church Freedom CDM Group, Inc. Joint Commission on Planned Parenthood U.S. Department of Commerce Center for Human Resource Accreditation of Healthcare Poetry Foundation U.S. Department of Defense Research at the Ohio State Organizations Policy Analytics U.S. Department of Education University Joyce Foundation PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Ltd. U.S. Department of Energy Center for Substance Abuse Kaiser Family Foundation Project HOPE Energy Information Treatment (CSAT) Learning Point Associates Qualidigm Administration Centers for Disease Control & Lewin Group RAND Corporation U.S. Department of Justice Prevention Manpower, Inc. Riverside Publishing Co. U.S. Department of Health & Centers for Medicare and Medicare Payment Advisory Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Human Services Medicaid Services Commission (MedPAC) Russell Sage Foundation Office of the Assistant Chicago Academy of Sciences Metanexus Institute on Religion Rutgers University Secretary for Planning and Citibank and Science SAIC Evaluation City of Chicago Mayor’s Office Michigan State University Social and Scientific Systems Office of Minority Health of Workforce Development Midwest Research Institute St. Petersburg Times Office of Rural Health CNN Minerals Management Services State of California Office of Women’s Health Colorado State University Mount Sinai Medical Center State of New York U.S. Department of Homeland Columbia University Edmund S. Muskie Foundation State of Oklahoma Security Commonwealth Fund NAACP State of Qatar U.S. Department of Interior Computer Sciences Corporation Nathan Cummings Foundation State of Washington Office of Historical Trust Congressional Research Service National Academy of Sciences Statistics Canada Accounting Delmarva Foundation for National Aeronautics and Space Substance Abuse and Mental U.S. Department of Labor Medical Care Administration Health Services Administration U.S. Department of Veterans Disability Research Institute National Association of Public Success for All Foundation Affairs District of Columbia Hospitals and Health Systems Synthesis Professional Services U.S. News & World Report Duke University National Cancer Institute The Associated Press U.S. Social Security Eastern Research Group, Inc. National Center for Education The Chicago Tribune Administration Edna McConnell Clark Statistics The Lakeland Ledger Westaff Foundation National Center for Health The Lilly Endowment, Inc. World Bank Statistics

36 A lightweight scanner attached to a laptop captures data from a respondent’s utility bill as part of the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) conducted for the Energy Information Administration. Selected Recent Publications and Presentations Aaronson, D., Bostic, R., Huck, P. and Townsend, R. 2004. Projects: A User-Friendly Guide for MSP Project Officials and “Supplier Relationships and Small Business Use of Trade Evaluators. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Credit.” Journal of Urban Economics, 55(1): 46-67. Institute of Education Sciences. Abbott, M.W., Volberg, R.A., Bellringer, M. and Reith, G. Barron, M. and Khare, M. 2006. “Calling Patterns for a 2004. A Review of Research on Aspects of Problem Gambling. Large National Random Digit Dial Health Survey,” present- Report to the Responsibility in Gambling Trust. (http:// ed at the 2nd International Conference on Telephone www.rigt.org.uk/downloads/Auckland report.pdf) Survey Methodology, Miami, FL. January. Abbott, M.W., Volberg, R.A. and Rönnberg, S. 2004. Basu, A., Manning, W., Mullahy, J. and Harman, S. 2004. “Comparing the New Zealand and Swedish National “Comparing Alternative Models: Log vs. Cox Proportional Surveys of Gambling and Problem Gambling.” Journal of Hazard? Interpreting Results in Mental Health Research.” Gambling Studies, 20(3): 237-258. Health Economics, 13(8): 749-766. Abbott, M.W., Williams, M. and Volberg, R.A. 2004. “A Batcher, M., Liu, Y. and Scheuren, F. 2005. “Ohio Election Prospective Study of Problem and Regular Non-problem Analysis.” Proceedings of American Statistical Association, Gamblers Living in the Community.” Substance Use & Social Statistics Section. Misuse, 39(6): 855-884. Beach, M., Roter, D., Larsons, S., Levinson, W., Ford, D. and Adams, E., Gavin, N., Handler, A., Manning, W. and Frankel, R. 2004. “What Do Physicians Tell Patients About Raskind-Hood, C. 2004. “Transitions in Insurance Themselves? A Qualitative Analysis of Physician Self- Coverage from Before Pregnancy through Delivery in Nine Disclosure.” Journal of General Internal Medicine, 19(9): 911-916. States, 1996-1999.” Health Affairs, 22(1): 219-229. Beach, M., Roter, D., Rubin, H., Frankel, R., Levinson, W. Ahsan, S. and Broach, R. 2005. “Analysis of Break-off and Ford, D. 2004. “Is Physician Self-Disclosure Related to Patterns in Web Surveys,” presented at the American Patient Evaluation of Office Visits?” Journal of General Association for Public Opinion Research Annual Internal Medicine, 19(9): 905-910. Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Becker, G.S., Philipson, T.J. and R.R. Soares. 2005. “The Alderson, A.S., Beckfield, J. and Nielsen, F. 2005. “Income Quantity and Quality of Life and the Evolution of World Inequality Trends in Core Societies.” In M. Herkenrath, C. Inequality.” American Economic Review, 95(1): 277-291. König, H. Scholtz and T. Volken (eds), The Future of World Benz, J., Gaylin, D., Oppenheimer, C., Hudson, B. and Society (pp. 253-272). Zurich: Intelligent. Lanier, D. 2005. “The Use of the USPSTF Guidelines in Angrist, J. and Guryan, J. 2004. “Teacher Quality - Teacher Community Primary Care Practices,” presented at the Testing, Teacher Education, and Teacher Characteristics.” American Association of Health Plans-Health Insurance American Economic Review, 94(2): 241-246. Association of America Building Bridges Conference, Santa Arroyo, C., Allen, W. and Nichols Lodato, B. 2005. “GMS Fe, NM. April. Longitudinal Study and Research,” presented at 2005 GMS Berger, M., Black, D. and Scott, F. 2004. “Is There Job Lock? Alumni Summit: Building a Community of Leaders, Los Evidence from the Pre-HIPAA Era.” Southern Economic Angeles, CA. November. Journal, 70(4): 953-976. Arroyo, C., Hune, S., Nichols, B. and Tippeconnic, J. 2005. Berk, M., Schur, C., Chang, D., Knight, E. and Kleinman, L. “GMS Longitudinal Study and Research,” presented at 2004. “Americans’ Views About the Adequacy Of Health 2005 GMS Alumni Leadership Forum, Chantilly, VA. July. Care For Children and the Elderly,” Health Affairs Web Artiga, S., Rousseau, D., Lyons, B., Smith, S. and Gaylin, D. Exclusive W4-446-454. September 14. 2006. “Can States Stretch The Medicaid Dollar Without Berntson, G. and Cacioppo, J. 2004. “Heart Rate Passing the Buck? Lessons from Utah.” Health Affairs, 25 (2): Variability: Stress and Psychiatric Conditions.” In M. Malik 532-540 and A. J. Camm (eds), Dynamic Electrocardiography (pp. 56- Ashraf, N., Karlan, D.S. and Yin, W. 2006 (forthcoming). 63). New York: Futura. “Tying Odysseus to the Mast: Evidence from a Berntson, G. and Cacioppo, J. 2004. “Multilevel Analyses Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines.” Quarterly and Reductionism: Why Social Psychologists Should Care Journal of Economics. about Neuroscience and Vice Versa.” In J. T. Cacioppo and Balch, G., Hess, M., Loew, D., Webber, K. and Williams, K. G. G. Berntson (eds), Essays in Social Neuroscience (pp. 107- 2005. Postdoc Appointments: Exploring Motivations, 120). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Perceptions, and Experiences. Chicago, IL: Balch Associates Berntson, G., Lozano, D., Chen, Y. and Cacioppo, J. 2004. and NORC. “Where to Q in PEP.” Psychophysiology, 41(2): 333-337. Baron, J. and Grigorian, K. 2005. How to Solicit Rigorous Bhattacharya, J., Mulligan, C. and Reed, R. 2004. “Labor Evaluations of Mathematics and Science Partnerships (MSP) Market Search and Optimal Retirement Policy.” Economic Projects: A User-Friendly Guide for MSP State Coordinators. Inquiry, 42(4): 560-571. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Binford, M., Lee, T. and Townsend, R. 2004. “Sampling Education Sciences. http://www.ed.gov/programs/mathsci Design for an Integrated Socioeconomic and Ecological /resources.html. Survey by Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Ordination.” Baron, J. and Grigorian, K. 2005. How to Conduct Rigorous Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(31): Evaluations of Mathematics and Science Partnerships (MSP) 11517-11522.

38 Bingenheimer, J. B. and S. W. Raudenbush. 2004. Brownstein, H.H. 2005. “Drug Users as Violent “Epidemiology and Biostatistics - Statistical and Offenders.” In J. Walker and R. Bohm (eds), Demystifying Substantive Inferences in Public Health: Issues in the Crime and Criminal Justice. Los Angeles: Roxbury Publishers. Application of Multilevel Models.” Annual Review of Public Brownstein, H.H. 2004. “Failed Drug Market Transactions Health, 25: 53-78. among Arrestees,” presented at the annual meeting of the Black, D., Daniel, K. and Smith, J. 2005. “College Quality Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. March. and the Wages in the United States.” German Economic Brownstein, H.H. 2004. “Operationalizing Drug Market Review, 6(3): 415-43. Stability with Arrestee Data: Why Does it Matter?” present- Black, D., Haviland, A., Sanders, S. and Taylor, L. 2006. ed at the National Institute on Drug Abuse Planning “Why Do Minority Men Earn Less? A Study of Wage Meeting, Drug Abuse: Workshop on Behavioral and Economic Differentials among the Highly Educated.” Review of Research. Bethesda, MD. October. Economics and Statistics, 88(2). Brownstein, H.H., Zahn, M. and Jackson, S. 2004. Black, D., McKinnish, T. and S. Sanders. 2005. “The “Introduction: Toward a Theory of Violence.” In M. A. Economic Impact of the Coal Boom and Bust.” Economic Zahn, H. H. Brownstein and S. L. Jackson (eds), Violence: Journal, 115(502): 444-71. From Theory to Research. Newark, NJ: LexisNexis/Anderson. Black, D., McKinnish, T. and Sanders, S. 2005. “Tight Labor Bullivant, S., Sellergren, S., Stern, K., Spencer, N., Jacob, S., Markets and the Demand for Education: Evidence from the Mennella, J. and McClintock, M. 2004. “Women’s Sexual Coal Boom and Bust.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Experience During the Menstrual Cycle: Identification of 59(1): 3-16. the Sexual Phase by Noninvasive Measurement of Bock, R.D. and Zimowski, M.F. 2004. Comparison of Luteinizing Hormone.” Journal of Sex Research, 41(1): 82-93. Demographic Effects in ASVAB Test Performance in PAY80 and Buntin, J., Lechtman, Z. and Laumann, E. 2004. Violence PAY97. Chicago: NORC. and Sexuality: Examining Intimate-Partner Violence and Bogue, D., Blumberg, M. and Sinding, S. 2004. Fertility, Forced Sexual Activity. In E. Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Family Planning, HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Organization Chicago: Social Development Center. of the City (pp. 3-38). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Broach, R., Ahsan, S. and Hoffer, T. 2004. “The Effect of an Burgess, H., Penev, P., Schneider, R. and Van Cauter, E. Explicit ‘Decline to Answer’ Option in Web Surveys,” pre- 2004. “Estimating Cardiac Autonomic Activity during sented at the American Association for Public Opinion Sleep: Impedance Cardiography, Spectral Analysis, and Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Poincare Plots.” Clinical Neurophysiology, 115(1): 19-28. Broach, R. and Grigorian, K. 2005. “Incentives: Do You Get Cacioppo, J. 2004. “Asymmetries in Affect-laden What You Pay For?” presented at the American Association Information Processing.” In J. T. Jost and M. R. Banaji (eds), for Public Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Perspectivism in Social Psychology: The Yin and Yang of Beach, FL. May. Scientific Progress (pp. 85-95). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Brooks, B., Thisted, R., Appel, S., Bradley, W., Olney, R., Berg, J., Pope, L. and Smith, R. 2004. “Treatment of Cacioppo, J. 2004. “Common Sense, Intuition, and Theory Pseudobulbar Affect in ALS with in Personality and Social Psychology.” Personality and Social Dextromethorphan/Quinidine: A Randomized Trial.” Psychology Review, 8(2): 114-122. Neurology, 63: 1364-1370. Cacioppo, J. 2004. “Feelings and Emotions: Roles for Brown, S., Derhgawen, A. and Halverson, M. 2004. Electrophysiological Markers.” Biological Psychology, 67(1- Methodology Report Addendum: Round Three Data Collection, 2): 235-243. National Longitudinal Evaluation of Comprehensive School Cacioppo, J. and Berntson, G. (eds). 2004. Essays in Social Reform. Report for the American Institutes for Neuroscience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Research. Chicago, IL: NORC. Cacioppo, J. and Berntson, G. 2004. “Social Neuroscience.” Brown, S. and Halverson, M. 2004. “Strategies for Gaining In M. Gazzaniga (ed), The Cognitive Neurosciences, 3rd edi- Cooperation: School Based Studies,” presented at the tion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. International Field Directors and Technologies Conference, Cacioppo, J. and Berntson, G. (eds). 2004. Social Scottsdale, AZ. May. Neuroscience: Key Readings. New York: Ohio State University Browning, C.R. and Cagney, K.A. 2006 (forthcoming). Psychology Press. “Neighborhoods and Health.” In G. Ritzer (ed), Cacioppo, J., Larsen, J., Smith, N. and Berntson, G. 2004. Encyclopedia of Sociology. Malden, MA: Blackwell. “The Affect System: What Lurks Below the Surface of Brownstein, H.H. 2005. “Careers in Criminal Justice,” pre- Feelings?” In A. S. R. Manstead, N. H. Frijda and A. H. sented at the American Sociological Association Annual Fischer (eds), Feelings and Emotions: The Amsterdam Conference Meeting, Philadelphia, PA. August. (pp. 223-242). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brownstein, H.H. 2005. “Challenges in Broadening the Cacioppo, J., Lorig, T., Nusbaum, H. and Berntson, G. 2004. Violence and Victimization Research Agenda,” presented at “Social Neuroscience: Bridging Social and Biological the American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, Systems.” In C. Sansone, C. C. Morf and A. T. Panter (eds), Toronto, Canada. November.

39 The Sage Handbook of Methods in Social Psychology (pp. 383- Healthcare Research and Quality’s Primary Care Practice- 404). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Based Research Network Conference, Washington, DC. July. Cacioppo, J. and Norris, C. 2004. “Social Neuroscience.” In Chesire, J. and Bartolone, J. 2005. “The Survey W. E. Craighead and C. Nemeroff (eds), Concise Corsini Organization-Respondent Relationship: A Taxonomy,” pre- Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science (pp. 917- sented at the American Association for Public Opinion 918). New York: Wiley. Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Cacioppo, J., Rickett, T. and Lorig, T. 2004. “Social Chin, M.H., Cook, S. and Drum, M.L. 2004. “Improving Psychophysiology.” In W. E. Craighead and C. Nemeroff Diabetes Care in Midwest Community Health Centers with (eds), Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and the Health Disparities Collaborative.” Diabetes Care, 27(1): 2-8. Behavioral Science (pp. 918-919). New York: Wiley. Chin, M.H., Kirchhoff, A.C. and Graber, J.E. 2005. Cacioppo, J., Semin, G. and Berntson, G. 2004. “Realism, “Sustainability of the Health Disparities Collaborative: Instrumentalism, and Scientific Symbiosis: Psychological Incentives, Assistance and Barriers.” Academy Health Theory as a Search for Truth and the Discovery of Research Meeting. Boston. June. Solutions.” American Psychologist, 59(4): 214-223. Clark, S.D. 2004. “Early Marriage and HIV Risks in Sub- Cacioppo, J.T., Visser, P.S. and Pickett C.L. 2005. Social Saharan Africa.” Studies in Family Planning, 35(3): 149-160. Neuroscience: People Thinking about Thinking People. Clements, D.H., Sarama, J. and McDonald, S.-K. 2006 Cambridge: MIT Press. (forthcoming). “Interagency Education Research Cagney, K.A. and Agree, E.M. 2005. “Racial Differences in Initiative.” In R. S. New and M. Cochran (eds), Early Formal Long-Term Care: Does the Timing of Parenthood Play Childhood Education: An International Encyclopedia. Westport, a Role?” Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 60: S137-S145. CT: Greenwood Publishing. Cagney, K.A. and Browning, C.R. 2004. “Exploring Corrigan, P., Watson, A., Gracia, G., Slopen, N., Rasinski, K. Neighborhood-Level Variation in Asthma and other and Hall, L. L. 2005. “Newspaper Stories as Measures of Respiratory Diseases: The Contribution of Neighborhood Structural Stigma.” Psychiatric Services, 56(5), 551-556. Social Context.” Journal of General Internal Medicine, 3: 229-236. Crawford, E., Huttenlocher, J. and Hedges, L. Cagney, K.A., Browning, C.R. and Wen, M. 2005. “Racial (Forthcoming). “Within-category Feature Correlations and Disparities in Self-Rated Health at Older Ages and the Bayesian Adjustment Strategies.” Psychonomic Bulletin and Dangers of Obfuscating Neighborhood Effects Research.” Review. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 60(4): S193-S194. Curtsinger, J.W., Gavrilova, N.S. and Gavrilov, L.A. 2006. Cagney, K.A., Browning, C.R. and Wen, M. 2005. “Racial “Biodemography of Aging and Age-specific Mortality in Disparities in Self-Rated Health at Older Ages: What Drosophila Melanogaster.” In E. J. Masoro and S. N. Austad Difference Does the Neighborhood Make?” Journal of (eds), Handbook of the Biology of Aging, 6th edition (pp. 243- Gerontology: Social Sciences, 60(4): S181-190. 266). New York: Academic Press, Elsevier. Carr, C., English, N. and Haggerty, C. 2005. “Looking at Davis, J.A., Smith, T.W. and Marsden, P.V. 2005. General Race and Sex of Respondent and Interviewer in Low-Income Social Surveys, 1972-2004: Cumulative Codebook. Chicago: Communities,” presented at the International Field Directors NORC. and Technologies Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Davis, S. J., Murphy, K.M. and Topel, R.H. 2004. “Entry, Carr, C., Haggerty, C., Sokolowski, J. and English, N. 2005. Pricing, and Product Design in an Initially Monopolized “Looking at Item Non-response in Vietnamese, Spanish, Market.” Journal of Political Economy, 112(1): S188-225. and English Interviews.” Survey Research, Spring. DeBello, A. and Graber, J. 2004. “Conducting Telephone Carr, J., Zhang Z., Caldwell, A. and Loose, P. 2004. “Age, Survey Research in Urban, Minority Communities: Gender, Race, and Experience: How Interviewer Strategies for Successfully Contacting Households for Characteristics Relate to Participation in Survey Research,” REACH 2010,” presented at the City Futures Conference, presented at the American Society of Criminology Annual Chicago, IL. July 8-10. Meeting, Nashville, TN. November. DeBello, A. and Howes, C. 2005. “Who’s Smarter, Carr, J., Zhang, Z. and Loose, P. 2005. “Gender, Race and Interviewers or Computers? A Comparison of Interviewer- Experience: Effect of Interviewers’ Characteristics on Entered and System-Applied Dispositions on a Large RDD Response Rates and Techniques for Improving Interviewer Study,” presented at the International Field Directors and Performance,” presented at the International Field Directors Technologies Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. and Technologies Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. DeBello, A., Morrison, H. and Howes, C. 2005. “Slowing Cavigelli, S.A., Monfort, S. L., Whitney, T. K., Mechref, Y. S., the Decline in Response Rates in Screening-Intensive Novotny, M. and McClintock, M.K. 2005. “Frequent Serial Surveys,” presented at the American Public Health Fecal Corticoid Measures from Rats Reflect Circadian and Association Conference, Philadelphia, PA. Ovarian Corticosterone Rhythms.” Journal of Endocrinology, Deleire, T. and Manning, W. 2004. “Labor Market Costs of 184(1): 153-163. Illness: Prevalence Matters.” Health Economics, 13(3): 239-250. Chapline, J. 2005. “Research Methods: Study Design Doepke, M. and Townsend, R.M. 2006. “Dynamic Considerations for PBRNs,” presented at the Agency for Mechanism Design with Hidden Income and Hidden Actions.” Journal of Economic Theory, 126(1): 235-285.

40 Dugoni, B.L. 2006. “Changes in Perceived Risk among presented at American Association for Public Opinion Workers and Small Business Owners,” presented at the Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological English, N. and Pedlow, S. 2005. “Using GIS to Improve Association. Chicago, IL. May. Field Interviewing Efficiency: Enhanced Interview Selection Duncan, G., Kalil, A., Mayer, S., Tepper, R. and Payne, M. and Sample Allocation,” presented at the Joint Statistical 2004. “The Apple Does Not Fall Far from the Tree.” In S. Meetings, American Statistical Association. Minneapolis, Bowles, H. Gintis, and M. Osborne (eds), Unequal Chances: MN. August. Family Background and Economic Success. New York: Russell Ernst, M. and Pergamit, M. 2005. “Data Quality and the Sage Foundation. Use of Standardized Child Assessments in Survey Eckman, S. and Smith, P. 2006. “Magnitude and Effects of Research,” presented at the American Association for Number Portability in a National RDD Survey,” presented Public Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, at the Second International Conference on Telephone FL. May. Survey Methodology. Miami, FL. January. Evans, W., Hout, M. and Mayer, S.E. 2004. “Assessing the Eckman, S. and Stanford, S. 2005. “Designing a Sample Effect of Economic Inequality.” In K. Neckerman (ed), Social Monitoring System for Large-Scale RDD studies,” present- Inequality. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press. ed at the International Field Directors and Technologies Fecso, R., Broach, R. and Grigorian, K. 2005. “Data That Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Do Not Persuade: Results of an Incentive Experiment,” pre- Eckman, S., O’Muircheartaigh, C. and Haggerty, C. 2004. sented at the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology “Effects of Gridout Procedures on Response Rates and Data Research Conference, Arlington, VA. November. Quality,” presented at the American Association for Public Fogel, R.W. 2005. “Changes in the Process of Aging during Opinion Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. the Twentieth Century: Findings and Procedures of the Eckman, S., O’Muircheartaigh, C. and Haggerty, C. 2004. ‘Early Indicators’ Project.” In L. J. Waite (ed), Aging, Health, “Effects of Gridout Procedures on Response Rates and Data and Public Policy: Demographic and Economic Perspectives (vol. Quality.” Proceedings, Section on Survey Research Methods, 30S, pp. 3-18). New York, NY: Population Council. American Statistical Association. Fogel, R.W. 2004. The Escape from Hunger and Premature Ekeland, I., Heckman, J.J. and Nesheim, L. 2004. Death, 1700-2100: Europe, America, and the Third World (vol. “Identification and Estimation of Hedonic Models.” Journal 38). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. of Political Economy, 112(1): 60-109. Fogel, R.W. 2004. “Health, Nutrition, and Economic Ellingson, S., Laumann, E.O., Paik, A. and Mahay, J. 2004. Growth.” Economic Development and Cultural Change, 52(3): “The Theory of Sex Markets.” In E. O. Laumann, S. 643-658. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Fogel, R.W. 2004. “Technophysio Evolution and the Organization of the City (pp. 3-38). Chicago: University of Measurement of Economic Growth.” Journal of Evolutionary Chicago Press. Economics, 14(2): 217-222. Ellingson, S., Mahay, J., Paik, A. and Laumann, E.O. 2004. Friedman, D., Parrish II, R.G., Moiduddin, A. and Ketchel A. “The Cultural Economy of Urban Sexuality.” In E. O. 2005. “Health Statistics and Knowledge Creation.” In D. J. Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm Friedman, E. L. Hunter and R. G. Parrish II (eds), Health (eds), The Sexual Organization of the City (pp. 349-360). Statistics: Shaping Policy and Practice to Improve the Population’s Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Health (pp. 243-277). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellingson, S., Van Haitsma, M., Laumann, E.O. and Tebbe, Friedmann, P., Hendrickson, J., Gerstein, D. and Zhang, Z. N. 2004. “Religion and the Politics of Sexuality.” In E. O. 2004. “The Effect of Matching Comprehensive Services to Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm Patients’ Needs on Drug Use Improvement in Addiction (eds), The Sexual Organization of the City (pp. 309-348). Treatment.” Addiction, 99(8): 962-72. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Friedmann, P., Hendrickson, J., Gerstein, D. and Zhang, Z. English, N. and Goble, L. 2005. “Using GPS Receivers as 2004. “Designated Case Managers as Facilitators of Medical Tools to Facilitate Interviewing in Rural Environments: and Psychosocial Service delivery in Addiction Treatment Technical and Training Issues,” presented at the Programs.” Journal of Behavioral Health Services Research, International Field Directors and Technologies Conference, 31(1): 86-97. Miami Beach, FL. May. Friedmann P., Hendrickson J., Gerstein D., Zhang Z. and English, N. and Murphy, W. 2004. “Discovering Rare Stein M. 2006. “Do Mechanisms that Link Addiction Urban Populations for Community Health Surveys: Area Treatment Patients to Primary Care Influence Subsequent Probability vs. GIS-based Telephone Sampling Utilization of Emergency and Hospital Care?” Medical Care, Approaches.” Proceedings, Section on Survey Research 44(1): 8-15. Methods, American Statistical Association [CD ROM]. Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association. Friedmann, P.D., Hendrickson, J., Gerstein, D.R., Zhang, Z. and Stein, M. 2004. “Does Linkage to Primary Medical Care English, N. and Murphy, W. 2004. “Discovering Rare Reduce Emergency Room and Hospitalization Accesses Urban Populations for Community Health Surveys: Area among Substance Abuse Treatment Clients?,” presented at Probability vs. GIS-based Telephone Sampling Approaches,” the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)’s Addiction Health Service Conference. Philadelphia, PA. October.

41 Gallagher, T.H. and Levinson, W. 2005. “Disclosing Graber, J., Dew, D., Goble, L., Liu, K., Parsons, A. and Yager, Harmful Medical Errors to Patients: A Time for Professional N. 2004. “Sponsorship and Selling: Telephone Interview Action.” Archives Internal Medicine, 165(16): 1819-1825. Greetings and Respondent Cooperation at First Contact,” Gallagher, T.H. and Levinson, W. 2004. “A Prescription for presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Protecting the Doctor-Patient Relationship.” American Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Journal of Managed Care, 10(2): 61-68. Graber, J. and Kirchhoff, A. 2005. “Designing Self- Gavrilov, L.A. and Gavrilova, N.S. 2006. “Reliability Administered Questionnaires for Healthcare Providers: Theory of Aging and Longevity.” In E. J. Masoro and S. N. The Usefulness of Qualitative Interviews in Instrument Austad (eds), Handbook of the Biology of Aging, 6th edition Development for the Evaluation of the Health Disparities (pp. 3-42). New York: Academic Press, Elsevier. Collaborative,” presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Gavrilov, L.A. and Gavrilova, N.S. 2004. “Part XI - Beach, FL. May. Exceptional Longevity - Early-Life Programming of Aging and Longevity: The Idea of High Initial Damage Load (the Grigorian, K. and Sederstrom, S. 2005. “Qualitative HIDL Hypothesis).” Annals of the New York Academy of Comparison of Paper and Online Self-Administered Mode,” Sciences, 1019: 496-501. presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Gavrilov, L.A. and Gavrilova, N.S. 2004. “Part XI - Exceptional Longevity - The Reliability-Engineering Grigorian, K., Sederstrom, S. and Hoffer, T. 2004. “Web of Approach to the Problem of Biological Aging.” Annals of the Intrigue? Evaluating Effects on Response Rates between Web New York Academy of Sciences, 1019: 509-512. Survey, CATI and Paper SAQ Options in a National Panel Survey,” presented at the American Association for Public Gavrilov, L.A. and Gavrilova, N.S. 2004. “Why We Fall Opinion Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Apart - In the Ways that We Age and Die, We Are Not So Different from the Machines We Build.” IEEE Spectrum, Grigorian, K., Seelig, S. and Herrmann, A. 2004. “Quality 41(9): 30-35. at What Cost - Evaluating CATI Quality Improvement Measures in a Large National Longitudinal Survey,” pre- Gavrilova, N.S., Gavrilov, L.A., Semyonova, V.G. and sented at the American Association for Public Opinion Evdokushkina, G.N. 2004. “Part XI - Exceptional Longevity - Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Does Exceptional Human Longevity Come with a High Cost of Infertility? Testing the Evolutionary Theories of Aging.” Grogger, J. and Karoly, L. A. 2005. Welfare Reform: Effects of a Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1019: 513-517. Decade of Change. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Gavrilova, N.S., and Gavrilov, L.A. 2005. “Human Gulati, M., Pandey, D.K., Arnsdorf, M.F., Lauderdale, D.S., Longevity and Reproduction: An Evolutionary Wicklund, R.H., Al-Hani, A.J. and Black, H.R. 2004. “The Perspective.” In E. Voland, A. Chasiotis and W. Duke Treadmill Score and Cardiac Mortality in Asymptomatic Schiefenhöevel (eds), Grandmotherhood: The Evolutionary Women: The St. James Women Take Heart Project.” Journal of Significance of the Second Half of Female Life (pp. 59-80). the American College of Cardiology, 43(5): A238. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press. Guryan, J. 2004. “Desegregation and Black Dropout Rates.” Gaylin, D., Oppenheimer, C., Benz, J., Hudson, B., Finn, A., American Economic Review, 94(4): 919-943. Lanier, D., Kiely, M., Scheidt, P. and Balsam, M. 2005. “Pilot Ham, J.C. and Lalonde, R.J. 2005. “Special Issue on Study: Feasibility of Primary Care Sites Performing Subject Experimental and Non-experimental Evaluation of Observation and Data Collection for the National Economic Policy and Models.” Journal of Econometrics, Children’s Study,” presented at the National Children’s 125(1): 1-14. Study Assembly Meeting. Washington, DC. November. Hanauer, S., Korelitz, B., Rutgeerts, P., Peppercorn, D.K., Gaylin, D., Oppenheimer, C., Tierney, W., Hudson, B., Zafar, Thisted, R.A., Cohen, R. and Present, D. 2004. A., Finn, A., Benz, J. and Lanier, D. 2004. “A National “Postoperative Maintenance of Crohn’s Disease Remission Survey of Primary Care Practice-Based Research with 6-Mercaptopurine, Mesalamine, or Placebo: A 2-Year Networks,” presented at the Academy Health 2004 Annual Trial.” Gastroenterology, 127: 723-729. Research Meeting. San Diego, CA. June. Hansen, K.T., Heckman, J.J and Mullen, K.J. 2004. “The Gerstein, D.R., Volberg, R.A., Harwood, H.J. and Christiansen, Effect of Schooling and Ability on Achievement Test E.M. 2004. “Assessing the Costs of ‘Addicted’ Gamblers.” Scores.” Journal of Econometrics, 121(1): 39-98. Managerial and Decision Economics, 25: 201-203. Harper, S. 2004. Families in Ageing Societies: A Multi-Disciplinary Gine, X. and Townsend, R.M. 2004. “Evaluation of Approach. Oxford University Press: New York, NY. Financial Liberalization: A General Equilibrium Model with Harter, R. 2005. “Estimating County Employment for the Constrained Occupation Choice.” Journal of Development State of Illinois,” presented at the Client-Oriented work- Economics, 74(2): 269-308. shop on Small Area Estimation, Forum of Labour Market Graber, J. and DeBello, A. 2004. “Conducting Telephone Ministers: LMI Working Group and Statistics, Canada. Survey Research in Urban, Minority Communities: February. Strategies for Successfully Contacting Households for Harter, R. 2005. “NORC’s 1990 Sampling Design.” In K. REACH 2010,” presented at the City Futures International Kempf-Leonard (ed), Encyclopedia of Social Measurement, 2nd Conference, Chicago, IL. July. edition (pp. 883-891). San Diego, CA: Elsevier/Academic Press.

42 Harter, R. 2004. “Designing Efficient Surveys of Targeted Herrmann, A., Grigorian, K. and Ahsan, S. 2005. “Looking Populations,” presented to the American Statistical for Mister Right: Effective Locating Techniques for Panel Association Chicago Chapter workshop, Minimizing Surveys,” presented at the American Association for Public Market MAYhem: Statistical Applications in Direct Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. Marketing. May. May. Hawkley, L.C. and Cacioppo, J.T. 2004. “Stress and the Hess, M., Hoffer, T., Lee, L., Loew, D., Webber, K. and Aging Immune System.” Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, Williams, K. 2005. Qualitative Testing for the SED 18(2): 114-119. Questionnaire. Chicago: NORC. Heckman, J.J., Matzkin, R. and Nesheim, L. 2005. Hill, S., Hoffer, T. and Golladay, M. 2004. InfoBrief: Plans for “Simulation and Estimation of Hedonic Models.” In T.J. Postdoctorate Research Appointments among Recent U.S. Kehoe, T.N. Srinivasan and J. Whalley (eds), Frontiers in Doctorate Recipients. Washington, DC: National Science Applied General Equilibrium Modeling. Cambridge, UK: Foundation, SBE-Division of Science Resource Statistics. Cambridge University Press. Hoffer, T. 2004. InfoBrief: Employment Sector and Productivity Heckman, J.J. and Navarro-Lozano, S. 2004. “Using of S&E Doctorate Holders. Washington, DC: National Science Matching, Instrumental Variables, and Control Functions to Foundation, SBE-Division of Science Resource Statistics. Estimate Economic Choice Models.” Review of Economics Hoffer, T. and Grigorian, K. 2005. InfoBrief All in a Week’s and Statistics, 86(1): 30-57. Work: Average Work Weeks of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers. Heckman, J.J. and Smith, J.A. 2004. “The Determinants of Washington, DC: National Science Foundation, SBE- Participation in a Social Program: Evidence from a Division of Science Resource Statistics. Prototypical Job Training Program.” Journal of Labor Hoffer, T. and Grigorian, K. 2005. “Sixteen Tons (of Economics, 22(2): 243-298. Paperwork) and What Do You Get? Self-reported Hedges, L. 2006 (forthcoming). “Correcting a Significance Workweek Length of Doctoral Scientists and Engineers,” Test for Clustering.” Journal of Educational and Behavioral presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Statistics. Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Hedges, L. 2006 (forthcoming). “Effect Sizes in Cluster Hoffer, T., Hess, M., Williams, K., Welch, V., Brown, S., Randomized Designs.” Journal of Educational and Behavioral Lisek, B. and Loew, D. 2005. Methodology Report for the Statistics. Survey of Earned Doctorates, 2003-04. Chicago: NORC. Hedges, L. 2006 (forthcoming). “Generalizability of Hoffer, T., Selfa, L., Welch, V., Williams, K., Hess, M., Treatment Effects.” In B. Schneider and S. K. McDonald Friedman, J., Reyes, S., Webber, K. and Guzman-Barron, I. (eds) Scale-Up in Principle. Lanham, MD: Rowman & 2004. Doctorate Recipients from United States Universities: Littlefield. Summary Report 2003. Report for the National Science Hedges, L. 2006 (forthcoming). “Meta-analysis.” In C. R. Foundation. Chicago, IL: NORC. Rao and S. Sinharay (eds), The Handbook of Statistics. Hoffer, T. and Shagle, S. 2006 (forthcoming). “Kindergarten Amsterdam: Elsevier. Classrooms and Numerical Skills: Preliminary Findings Hedges, L. and Pigott, T. 2004. “The Power of Statistical from the ECLS Survey.” In J. M. Ross and D. W. Grissmer Tests for Moderators in Meta-analysis.” Psychological (eds), The Impact of School Poverty on Student Outcomes. Methods, 9: 426-445. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Hedges, L. and Schneider, B. (eds), 2005. The Social Organization of Schooling. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Hoffer, T. and Shagle, S. 2004. “Effects of Social Capital on Elementary School Outcomes,” presented at the annual Hedges, L. and Vevea, J. 2005. “Selection Model Approaches meeting of the American Sociological Association. San to Publication Bias.” In H. Rothstein, A. Sutton and M. Francisco, CA. August. Borenstein (eds), Publication Bias in Meta-analysis. New York: John Wiley. Hoffer, T., Welch, V. 2006 (forthcoming). InfoBrief: Time to Degree of U.S. Research Doctorate Recipients. Washington, DC: Heim, B.T. and Meyer, B.D. 2004. “Work Costs and National Science Foundation, SBE-Division of Science Nonconvex Preferences in the Estimation of Labor Supply Resource Statistics. Models.” Journal of Public Economics, 88(11): 2323-2338. Hoffer, T., Welch, V., Williams, K., Hess, M., Friedman, J., Heuveline, P. 2004. “Impact of the HIV epidemic on Webber, K., Lisek, B., Loew, D. and Guzman-Barron, I. Population and Household Structure: The Dynamics and 2005. Doctorate Recipients from United States Universities: Evidence to Date.” AIDS, 18(suppl. 2): S45-53. Summary Report 2004. Report to NSF, NIH, USED, NEH, Heuveline, P. 2004. “Sociology and Biology: Can’t We Just USDA, and NASA . Chicago, IL: NORC. Be Friends? A Review Essay of Animal Traditions: Hoffer, T., Welch, V., Williams, K., Hess, M., Webber, K. Behavioral Inheritance in Evolution, by Eytan Avital and Eva Lisek, B., Loew, D. and Guzman-Barron, I. 2005. Doctorate Jablonka.” American Journal of Sociology, 109(6): 1500-1506. Recipients from United States Universities: Summary Report Heuveline, P. and Timberlake, J.M. 2004. “The Role of 2005. Report for the National Science Foundation. Cohabitation in Family Formation: The United States in Chicago, IL: NORC. Comparative Perspective.” Journal of Marriage and Family, Hoogstra, L. and McDonald, S.-K. 2006 (forthcoming). 66(6): 1214-1230. “Challenges, Incentives, and Obligations of Conducting

43 Scale-up Research.” In B. Schneider and S.-K. McDonald Jencks, C., Mayer, S.E. and Swingle, J. 2004. “Who Has (eds), Scale-Up in Practice. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Benefited from Economic Growth in the United States since Publishing. 1969? The Case of Children.” In E. N. Wolff (ed), What Has Huang, E.S., Gleason, S., Gaudette, R., Cagliero, E., Happened to the Quality of Life in the Advanced Industrialized Murphy-Sheehy, P., Nathan, D.M., Singer, D.E. and Meigs, Nations? Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing. J.B. 2004. “Health Care Resource Utilization Associated Jonnalagadda, S. and Diwan, S. 2005. “Health Behaviors, with a Diabetes Center and a General Medicine Clinic.” Chronic Disease Prevalence and Self-Rated Health of Older Journal of General Internal Medicine 19(1): 28-35. Asian Indian Immigrants in the U.S.” Journal of Immigrant Huang, E.S., Gorawara-Bhat, R. and Chin, M.H. 2004. Health, 7(2): 75-83. “Practical Challenges of Individualizing Diabetes Care in Kaboski, J.P. and Townsend, R.M. 2005. “Policies and Older Patients.” Diabetes Educator, 30(4): 558-572. Impact: An Analysis of Village-Level Microfinance Hudson, B., Zafar, A., Oppenheimer, C., Tierney, W., Gaylin, Institutions.” Journal of the European Economic Association, D., Finn, A., Benz, J. and Lanier, D. 2004. “A National 3(1): 1-50. Survey of Primary Care Practice-Based Research Networks: Kalil, A. and DeLeire, T. (eds). 2004. Family Investments in An Alternative to Traditional Medical Research,” presented Children’s Potential: Resources and Behaviors that Promote at the American Association of Health Plans-Health Success. Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Assoc. Inc. Insurance Association of America Building Kalil, A., Levine, J.A. and Ziol-Guest, K.M. 2005. “Work Bridges Conference. Miami, FL. April. Predicts Adolescents’ Interest in Parents’ Jobs.” In B. Hughes, M.E. and Waite, L.J. 2004. “The American Family Schneider and L. J. Waite (eds), Being Together, Working as a Context for Healthy Ageing.” In S. Harper (ed), Apart: Dual-Career Families and the Work-Life Balance (pp. Families in Ageing Societies: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach 422-443). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. (pp. 176-189). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Kalil, A., Pattillo, M. and Payne, M. 2004. Hughes, M.E., Waite, L.J., Hawkley, L.C. and Cacioppo J.T. “Intergenerational Assets and the Black/White Test Score 2004. “A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Gap.” In D. Conley and K. Albright (eds), After the Bell: Surveys: Results from Two Population-based Studies.” Education Solutions Outside the School (pp. 170-194). New Research on Aging, 26(6): 655-672. York: Routledge Press. Huo, D., Lauderdale, D.S. and Li, L. 2004. “Influence of Kandula, N.R., Dworkin, M.S., Carroll, M.R. and Reproductive Factors on Hip Fracture Risk in Chinese Lauderdale, D.S. 2004. “Tuberculosis Prevention in Mexican Women.” Osteoporosis International, 14(8): 694-700. Immigrants — Limitations of Short-Course Therapy.” Huttenlocher, J., Hedges, L.V., Corrigan, B. and Crawford, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 26(2): 163-166. L.E. 2004. “Spatial Categories and the Estimation of Kandula, N.R., Grogan, C.M., Rathouz, P.J. and Lauderdale, Location.” Cognition, 93: 75-97. D.S. 2004. “The Unintended Impact of Welfare Reform on Ito, T.A., Thompson, E. and Cacioppo, J.T. 2004. “Tracking the Medicaid Enrollment of Eligible Immigrants.” Health the Timecourse of Social Perception: The Effects of Racial Services Research, 39(5): 1509-1526. Cues on Event-related Brain Potentials.” Personality and Kennedy, J., Rhodes, K. V., Walls, C. and Asplin, B. 2004. Social Psychology Bulletin, 30: 1267-1280. “Access to Emergency Care: Restricted by Long Wait Times Jackson, S.L., Brownstein, H.H. and Zahn, M.A. 2004. “The and Cost/Coverage Concerns.” Annals of Emergency Need for a Theory of Violence.” in M. A. Zahn, H. H. Medicine, 43: 567-573. Brownstein and S. L. Jackson (eds), Violence: From Theory to Kern, D., Branch Jr., W.T., Jackson, J.L., Brady, D.W., Research (pp. 251-61). Newark, NJ: LexisNexis/Anderson. Feldman, M.D., Levinson, W. and Lipkin Jr., M. 2005. Jacob, S., Spencer, N.A., Bullivant, S. B., Sellergren, S.A., “Teaching the Psychosocial Aspects of Care in the Clinical Mennella, J.A. and McClintock, M.K. 2004. “Effects of Setting: Practical Recommendations.” Academic Medicine, Breastfeeding Chemosignals on the Human Menstrual 80(1): 8-20. Cycle.” Human Reproduction, 19(2): 422-429. Kertcher, Z. and McDonald S.-K. 2004. “Social Structure and Jacobson, L., Lalonde, R.J. and Sullivan, D.G. 2005. Virtual Space: The Access Grid in Education Research,” pre- “Estimating the Returns to Community College Schooling for sented at the Joint Meeting of the International Conference Displaced Workers.” Journal of Econometrics, 125(1): 271-304. on Education and Information Systems, Technologies and Applications (EISTA) and the International Conference on Jaszczak, A., Lundeen, K. and Smith, S. 2005. “Lessons Cybernetics and Information Technologies, Systems and from the Field: Strategies for Managing the Collection of Applications (CITSA), International Institute of Informatics Biological Data in a Population-based Survey,” presented at and Systemics (IIIS). May. the International Field Directors and Technologies Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Kim, D. and Schneider, B. 2005. “Social Capital in Action: Alignment of Parental Support in Adolescents’ Transition to Jaszczak, A., Williams, S. and Lundeen, K. 2005. Postsecondary Education.” Social Forces. December, 84(2). “Operations #1: Taking the Research into the Field: Strategies for Managing the Collection of Biological Data in Kim, J., Lee, Y. and Lee Y. 2006 (forthcoming). “The a Population-based Survey,” presented at the 133rd Annual Elderly and their Living Arrangements (in Korean).” In E.- Meeting of the American Public Health Association, R. Kim (ed), The Elderly in Korea. Seoul: Korea University Philadelphia, PA. December. Press.

44 Kim, J. and Lee, Y. 2004. “Social Welfare System (in Lane, J., Brown, C. and Haltiwanger, J. Forthcoming. Korean).” In E.-R. Kim (ed), Invitation to Social Welfare. Economic Turbulence: Is a Volatile Economy Good for America?. Seoul: Korea University Press. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kim, J., Smith, T.W., Kim, S., Kang, J. and Berktold, J. 2004. Lane, J. and Burton, L. 2005. “e-Science Investments in the Comparison between SAQ and CASI for Supplemental Survey Social and Behavioral Sciences at the National Science Nonresponse. GSS Methodological Report no. 100. Chicago: Foundation: An Overview of Projects, Programs, and Policy NORC. Issues.” Proceedings of First International Conference on e- Kim, J. and Sokolowski, J. 2005. “Survey Non-Response in Social Science. Manchester, UK. June. a National Area Probability Sample as a Dimension of Data Lane, J., Golan, A. and McEntarfer, E. 2006 (forthcoming). Quality; an Analysis of Community Characteristics,” pre- “The Dynamics of Worker Reallocation.” Economica. sented at the American Association for Public Opinion Lane, J., Haltiwanger, J. and Spletzer, J. 2006 (forthcoming). Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. “Wage, Productivity and the Dynamic Interactoin of Klibanoff, R., Levine, S., Huttenlocher, J., Vasilyeva, M. and Businesses and Workers.” Labour Economics. Hedges, L. (Forthcoming). “Preschool Children’s Lane, J. and Stephens, B. 2006 (forthcoming). “Employer- Mathematical Knowledge: The Effect of Teacher Input,” EmployeeLinked Data: A New Frontier in Regional Data Developmental Psychology. Anaslysis.” International Regional Science Review. Konstantopoulos, S. and Hedges, L. 2004. “Meta-analysis.” Larsen, J.T., McGraw, A.P., Mellers, B.A. and Cacioppo, J.T. In D. Kaplan (ed), Handbook of Quantitative Methods in the 2004. “The Agony of Victory and Thrill of Defeat: Mixed Social Sciences (pp. 281 – 297). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Emotional Reactions to Disappointing Wins and Relieving Publications. Losses.” Psychological Science, 15(5): 325-330. Krishnamurty, P. 2006. “Single and Multiple Race Larson, E., Fihn, S., Kirk, L.M., Levinson, W., Loge, R.V., Identification Among NLSY97 Youths,” presented at the Reynolds, E. and Sandy, L. 2004. “The Future of General Biennial Conference of the Society for Research on Internal Medicine: Report and Recommendations from the Adolescence. San Francisco, CA. March. Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM) Task Force on Krishnamurty, P. 2005. “Analysis of Reinterview Data from the Domain of General Internal Medicine.” Journal of NLSY97 Rounds 2 through 5,” presented at the American General Internal Medicine, 19(1): 69-77. Association for Public Opinion Research Annual Larson, E., Loge, R.V., Reynolds, E. Levinson, W., Kirk, L.M., Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Williams, M., Wenger, N. and S. Schroeder. 2004. “The Krishnamurty, P. 2005. “Diary Studies.” In B. Radcliff and Domain of General Internal Medicine: System Chaos Should S. J. Best (eds), Polling America: An Encyclopedia of Public Spur Innovation.” Annals of Internal Medicine, 140(8): 639-643. Opinion Research. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Laumann, E.O., Ellingson, S., Mahay, J., Paik, A. and Youm, Krishnamurty, P. and Luo, L. 2005. “A Comparison of Y. (eds). 2004. The Sexual Organization of the City. Chicago: Single and Multiple Race Category Choices in NLSY97, University of Chicago Press. Round 6,” presented at the American Association for Public Laumann, E.O., Mahay, J., Paik, A. and Youm, Y. 2004. Opinion Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. “Network Data Collection and its Relevance for the May. Analysis of STDs: The National Health and Social Life Kurina, L.M., Gulati, M., Everson-Rose, S.A., Chung, P.J., Survey, and Chicago Health and Social Life Survey.” In M. Karavolos, K., Cohen, N.J., Kandula, N., Lukezic, R., Morris (ed), Network Epidemiology - A Handbook for Survey Dugan, S.A., Sowers, M., Powell, L.H. and Pickett, K.E. Design and Data Collection. London, UK: Oxford University 2004. “The Effect of Menopause on Grip and Pinch Press. Strength: Results from the Chicago, Illinois, Site of the Laumann, E.O., Nicolosi, A., Glasser, D.B., Paik, A., Gingell, Study of Women’s Health across the Nation.” American C., Moreira, E. and Wang, T. 2005. “Sexual Problems Journal of Epidemiology, 160(5): 484-491. among Women and Men Aged 40-80: Prevalence and Kurina, L.M., Schneider, B. and Waite, L. J. 2004. “Stress, Correlates Identified in the Global Study of Sexual Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety, and Cortisol Attitudes and Behaviors.” International Journal of Impotence Patterns in Working Parents.” Stress and Health, 20: 53-63. Research, 17(1): 39-57. Land, K.C. and Yang, Y. 2005. “Morbidity, Disability, and Lee, R.D. 2005. “Public Support of Insurance Parity for Mortality.” In B. Binstock and L. K. George (eds), The Substance Abuse Treatment,” presented at the Addiction Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, 6th edition Part II Health Services Research Conference, Santa Monica, CA. (pp. 41-58). San Diego, CA; London: Academic Press. October. Land, K.C., Yang, Y. and Y. Zeng. 2005. “Mathematical Lee, R.D., Ensminger, M. and LaVeist, T.A. 2006. “African Demography.” In D. L. Poston and M. Micklin (eds), American Grandmothers and the Responsibility Continuum.” Handbook of Population: Part III (pp. 659-717). New York, NY: In B. Hayslip Jr. and J. H. Patrick (eds), Custodial Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. Grandparenting: Individual, Cultural, and Ethnic Diversity (pp. Lane, J. 2005. “New Social and Economic Indicators for 119-132). New York: Springer Publishing Company. Local Areas Without Increasing Respondent Burden.” Lee, R.D., Ensminger, M. and LaVeist, T.A. 2005. “The Proceedings, International Statistical Institute. Responsibility Continuum: Never Primary, Coresident and Caregiver – Heterogeneity in the African American

45 Grandmother Experience.” International Journal of Aging and Loose, P. 2005. “Factors Related to the Collection of Bio- Human Development, 60(4): 295-304. Marker Data,” presented at the American Society of Lee, R.D. and Rasinski, K.A. 2006 (forthcoming). “Five Criminology Annual Meeting, Toronto, Canada. November. Grams of Coke: Racism, Moralism and White Public Loose, P. and Lurigio, A.J. 2005. “The Mediating Effect of Opinion on Sanctions for First Time Possession.” Substance Abuse on Mental Illness and Arrest,” presented International Journal of Drug Policy, 17(3). at the American Psychological Association Annual Meeting, Levinson, W., Frankel, R.M., Rotor, D. and Drum, M.L. Washington, DC. August. 2005. “How Much Do Surgeons Like their Patients?” Loose, P. and Lurigio, A.J. 2004. “Racial Disparities in Patient Education and Counseling, 58(2). Sentencing for Drug Crimes in Illinois,” presented at the Levinson, W., Kao, A., Kuby, A.M. and Thisted, R.A. 2005. American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, “Not All Patients Want to Participate in Decision Making: A Nashville, TN. November. National Study of Public Preferences.” Journal of General Luchins, D.J., Cooper, A.E., Hanrahan, P. and Rasinski, K. Internal Medicine, 20(6): 531-535. 2004. “Psychiatrists’ Attitudes toward Involuntary Levinson, W., Kao, A., Kuby, A.M. and Thisted, R.A. 2005. Hospitalization.” Psychiatric Services, 55(9): 1058-1060. “The Effect of Physician Disclosure of Financial Incentives Lundeen, K. and Jaszczak, A. 2005. “Operations #2: on Trust.” Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(6): 625-632. Training Lay-individuals to Collect Biological Data,” pre- Levinson, W. and Lurie, N. 2004. “When Most Doctors are sented at the Annual Meeting of the American Public Women: What Lies Ahead?” Annals of Internal Medicine, Health Association, Philadelphia, PA. December. 141(6): 471-474. Lundeen, K., Jaszczak, A. and Smith, S. 2005. “Recruiting Lewis, R.W., Fugl-Meyer, K.S., Bosch, R., Fugl-Meyer, A.R., and Training Interviewers to Collect Biological Data,” pre- Laumann, E.O., Lizza, E. and Martin-Morales, A. 2004. sented at the International Field Directors and Technologies “Epidemiology/Risk Factors of Sexual Dysfunction.” The Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 1(1): 35-39. Luo, L., and Minato, H. 2005. “Toward a Better Estimation Lindau, S.T., Miller, K., Jerome, J., Monk, E., Garcia, P. and of Working Residential Number (WRN) Rate Among the Cohen M. 2004. “Eradication of Vertical Transmission of Undetermined: An Application of Survival Analysis,” 2004 HIV: A Response to Mayaux et al.” Journal of Acquired Proceedings, Survey Research Methods Section, American Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 37(4): 1541-1542. Statistical Association [CD-ROM] (pp. 3933-3939). Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association. Liu, K., Dyer, A.R., Vu, T.-H., Pirzada, A., Manheim, L.M., Manning, W.G., Ashraf, M.S., Garside, D.B. and Daviglus, Luo, Y. and Waite, L. J. 2005. “The Impact of Childhood M.L. 2005. “One-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose in Middle and Adult SES on Physical, Mental, and Cognitive Well- Age and Medicare Expenditures in Older Age Among Being in Later Life.” The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Nondiabetic Men and Women: The Chicago Heart Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(2): S93-101. Association Detection Project in Industry.” Diabetes Care, Mahay, J. and Laumann, E.O. 2004. “Meeting and Mating 28(5): 1057-1062. over the Life Course.” In E. O. Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Liu, Y., Batcher, M., Petska, R. and Luo, A. 2004. “Empirical Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Organization Study on the Second Stage Sample Size.” Proceedings, of the City (pp. 127-164). Chicago: University of Chicago Survey Methods Section, American Statistical Association. Press. Liu, Y., Batcher, M. and Scheuren, F. 2005. “Efficient Mahay, J., and Paik, A. 2004. “Neighborhoods as Sex Sampling Design in Audit Data.” Journal of Data Science, Markets.” In E.O. Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik 3(3): 213-222. and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Organization of the City (pp. 69-92). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Liu, Y., Batcher, M. and Scheuren, F. 2005. “Efficient Sampling Design in Audit Data (II).” Proceedings, Survey Masi, C.M., Rickett, E.M., Hawkley, L.C. and Cacioppo, J.T. Methods Section, American Statistical Association. 2004. “Gender and Ethnic Differences in Urinary Stress Hormones: The Population-Based Chicago Health, Aging, Liu, Y., Batcher, M. and Scheuren, F. 2004. “Avoiding Bad and Social Relations Study.” Journal of Applied Physiology, and Getting Good Business Samples,” presented at the 97(3): 941-947. Washington Statistics Society, Washington, DC. April. Mason, M., Fraser-Magnum, R., Mueller, K. et al. 2005. Lodato, R. 2004. “Where the Grass Was Always Greener: Contracting With Medicare Advantage Plans: A Brief for Critical The Changing Nature of the Senate Environment and Access Hospital Administrators. Walsh Center for Rural Public Works Committee, 1990-2000,” presented at the Health Analysis. W-Series no. 7. December. annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, IL. April. Mayer, S.E. and Lopoo, L. 2004. “Trends in the Intergenerational Economic Mobility of Sons and Lodato, R. and St. John, E. 2005. “Research Design of the Daughters.” In M. Corak (ed), Generational Income Mobility Washington State Achievers Program,” presented at the in North America and Europe. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge National Symposium on Student Retention, Dallas, TX. University Press. October. McClintock, M.K., Bullivant, S., Jacob, S., Spencer, N., Zelano, B. and Ober, C. 2005. “Human Body Scents:

46 Conscious Perceptions and Biological Effects.” Chemical Mueller, C. 2004. “Attention from the Top? Roles of State Senses, 30(suppl. 1): i135-i137. Offices of Rural Health in Preparing for Bioterrorism and McClintock, M.K., Conzen, S.D., Gehlert, S., Masi, C.M. and Other Health System Emergencies,” presented at the annu- Olopade, F. 2005. “Mammary Cancer and Social al meeting, National Rural Health Association, San Diego. Interactions: Identifying Multiple Environments that May. Regulate Gene Expression throughout the Life Span.” Mueller, C. 2004. Estimates of the Impact of Medicare’s Journals of Gerontology Series B, 60B (special issue 1): 32-41. National Coverage Decisions on Ocular Photodynamic Therapy McDonald, S.-K., Keesler, V., Kauffman, N. and Schneider, for the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration on B. 2006 (forthcoming). “Scaling-up Exemplary Physicians Who Treat Medicare Patients. Report submitted to Interventions.” Educational Researcher. the American Medical Association. Merrell, K. 2005. “The New Medicare Drug Benefit: Letters Mueller, C. 2004. Implementation of the Medicare Fee Schedule from the Front,” presented to the University of Chicago/ and Payment for Anesthesiology Services. Report submitted to NORC Demography Workshop. Chicago, IL. December. the Office of Governmental Affairs (Regulatory), American Society of Anesthesiologists. Meyer, B.D. 2005. “Editorial Introduction for Tax and Transfer Special Issue.” Journal of Public Economics, 89(1): 1-4. Mueller, C., Mueller, K. and Sutton, J. 2004. A Rural Perspective Regarding Regulations Implementing Titles I and II Meyer, B.D. and Sullivan, J.X. 2004. “The Effects of Welfare of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and and Tax Reform: The Material Well-Being of Single Mothers Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA). Joint Publication of the in the 1980s and 1990s.” Journal of Public Economics, 88: NORC Walsh Center and RUPRI Center for Rural Health 1387-1420. Policy Analysis. August. Michael, R.T. 2004. “Family Influences on Children’s Verbal Mueller, C., Schoenman, J. and White, L.A. 2005. Impacts of Ability.” In A. Kalil and T. DeLeire (eds), Family Investments New Technologies on Physician Resource Use: Implications on in Children: Resources and Behaviors that Promote Success (pp. the Medicare Physician Payment Update Process. Report sub- 49-84). Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Assoc. Inc. mitted to the American Medical Association. October. Michael, R.T. 2004. “Sexual Capital: An Extension of Mueller, C. and Schur, C. 2004. “Insurance Coverage of Grossman’s Concept of Health Capital.” Journal of Health Prescription Drugs and the Rural Elderly.” Journal of Rural Economics, 23(4): 643-652. Health, 20(1): 17-26. Moreira, E.D., Brock, G., Glasser, D.B., Nicolosi, A., Mueller, C. and Steffen, B. 2005. Privately Insured Maryland Laumann, E.O., Paik, A., Wang, T. and Gingell, C. 2005. Children with Conditions Related to Being Overweight: “Help-Seeking Behaviour for Sexual Problems: The Global Characteristics, Services, and Spending. Spotlight on Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors.” International Maryland Series. Baltimore: Maryland Health Care Journal of Clinical Practice, 59(1): 6-16. Commission. April. Morrison, H. 2006. “Weighting Adjustments for Multiple Mulligan, C.B. 2004. Household vs. Personal Accounts of the Telephone Households: Is it Always Necessary?,” presented U.S. Labor Market, 1965-2000. National Bureau of Economic at the Second International Conference on Telephone Research, from http://www.nber.org/papers/W10320.pdf. Survey Methodology, Miami, FL. January. Mulligan, C.B. 2004. Robust Aggregate Implications of Morrison, H. 2005. “Effectively Using Mobile Technology: Stochastic Discount Factor Volatility. National Bureau of How Interviewers Learned to Love Their Laptops,” pre- Economic Research, from sented at the International Field Directors and Technologies http://www.nber.org/papers/W10210.pdf10210. Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Mulligan, C.B. 2004. “What Do Aggregate Consumption Morrison, H. 2005. “Slowing the Decline of Response Rates Euler Equations Say about the Capital-Income Tax in Screening Intensive Survey Designs,” presented at the Burden?” American Economic Review, 94(2): 166-170. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting. Philadelphia, PA. December. Mulligan, C.B., Gil, R. and Sala-i-Martin, X. 2004. “Do Democracies Have Different Public Policies than Mueller, C. 2005. Estimating the Impact of Placement of a Nondemocracies?” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(1): 51-74. Carotid Artery Stent on Resource Use for Medicare Patients by Physicians. Draft report prepared for the American Medical Mulligan, C.B. and Rubinstein, Y. 2005. Selection, Association. Investment, and Women’s Relative Wages Since 1975. National Bureau of Economic Research, from http://www.nber.org/ Mueller, C. 2005. Practitioner Utilization: Trends Within papers/W11159. Privately Insured Patients, 2002-2003. Maryland Health Care Commission. Mulligan, C.B. and Rubinstein, Y. 2004. The Closing Gender Gap as a Roy Model Illusion. National Bureau of Economic Mueller, C. 2005. “Practitioner Utilization: Trends within Research, from http://papers.nber.org/papers/W10892. Privately Insured Patients, 2002-2003,” presented to the Maryland Health Care Commission. Baltimore, MD. March. Mulligan, C.B. and Sala-i-Martin, X. 2004. “Internationally Common Features of Public Old-Age Pensions, and their Mueller, C. 2005. Understanding Drug Purchasing by Implications for Models of the Public Sector.” Advances in Hospital-Based and Freestanding Dialysis Facilities. Prepared Economic Analysis and Policy, 4(1): 1067. for Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. April.

47 Mulligan, C.B. and Sala-i-Martin, X. 2004. “Political and Success for Diverse Students, vol. 20 (pp. 23-44). New York: Economic Forces Sustaining Social Security.” Advances in AMS Publishers, Inc. Economic Analysis and Policy, 4(1): 1289. Nichols Lodato, B., Zimowski, M., Lodato, R., Ghadialy, R. Mulligan, C.B., Schneider, B. and Wolfe, R. 2005. “Non- and Venkataraman, L. 2006 (forthcoming). Gates response and Population Representation in Studies of Millennium Scholars Tracking and Longitudinal Study Year2 Adolescent Time Use.” Electronic International Journal of Time Final Report. 2004. Chicago: NORC. Use Research 2(1). October. Nicolosi, A., Glasser, D.B., Kim, S.C., Marumo, K. and Mulligan, C.B. and Shleifer, A. 2004. Conscription as Laumann E.O. 2005. “Sexual Behaviour and Dysfunction Regulation. National Bureau of Economic Research, from and Help-seeking Patterns in Adults Aged 40-80 Years in http://www.nber.org/papers/W10558.pdf. the Urban Population of Asian Countries.” BJU Mulligan, C.B. and Shleifer, A. 2004. Population and International, 95(4): 609-614. Regulation. National Bureau of Economic Research, from Nye, B., Hedges, L. and Konstantopoulos, S. 2004. “Do http://www.nber.org/papers/W10234.pdf. Minorities Experience Greater Lasting Benefits from Small Murphy, K.M. and Peltzman, S. 2004. “School Performance Classes? Evidence from a Five Year Followup of the and the Youth Labor Market.” Journal of Labor Economics, Tennessee Class Size Experiment.” Journal of Educational 22(2): 299-328. Research, 97: 94-100. Murphy, K.M. and Shleifer, A. 2004. “Memos to the Nye, B., Hedges, L. and Konstantopoulos, S. 2004. “How Council of Behavioral-Economics Advisors - Persuasion in Large Are Teacher Effects?” Educational Evaluation and Politics.” The American Economic Review, 94(2): 435-439. Policy Analysis, 26: 237-257. Murphy, K.M. and Topel, R.H. 2005. “Black-White Nysse-Carris, K.L. and Bottoms, B.L. 2005. “Psychology Differences in the Economic Value of Improving Health.” and Children: Translating Research into Better Policy and Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 48(1): S176-S194. Services,” presented at the American Psychological Association Convention, Washington, DC. August. Murphy, W. and O’Muircheartaigh, C. 2004. “Optimizing Call Scheduling in an RDD Survey,” presented at the Joint Nysse-Carris, K.L. and Bottoms, B.L. 2004. “ ‘I’d tell the Statistical Meetings, American Statistical Association. truth, sort of’: Promises and Children’s Honesty,” presented Toronto, Canada. August. at the American Psychological Association Convention, Honolulu, HI. July. Neal, D.A. 2006 (forthcoming). “Black White Differences in Human Capital: Causes and Consequences.” In E. O’Day, B., Killeen, M., Sutton, J. and Iezonni, L. 2005. Hanushek and F. Welch (eds), Handbook of the Economics of “Primary Care Experiences of People with Psychiatric Education. New York: Elsevier. Disabilities: Barriers to Care and Potential Solutions.” Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 28(4): 339-45. Neal, D.A. 2005. Why Has Black-White Skill Convergence Stopped? National Bureau of Economic Research, from Ohyama, A., Braguinsky, S. and Murphy, K.M. 2004. http://www.nber.org/papers/W11090.pdf. “Entrepreneurial Ability and Market Selection in an Infant Industry: Evidence from the Japanese Cotton Spinning Neal, D.A. 2004. “The Measured Black-White Wage Gap Industry.” Review of Economic Dynamics, 7(2): 354-381. among Women Is Too Small.” Journal of Political Economy, 112(1): S1-28. O’Muircheartaigh, C., Burke, A. and Murphy, W. 2004. The 2004 Index of Hospital Quality. Chicago: NORC. Neal, D.A. 2004. “The Relationship Between Marriage Market Prospects and Never-Married Motherhood.” Journal O’Muircheartaigh, C., Eckman, S. and English, N. 2004. of Human Resources, 39(4): 938-957. “Survey Sampling in the Inner City with GIS Lists: Quality, Coverage, Practicality, and Data Implications,” presented at Nichols, B. and Ghadialy, R. 2005. “Re-examining Approaches the European Urban Research Association City Futures to Achieving High Response Rates on Web-based Surveys of Conference, Chicago, IL. July. Post-secondary Students: Results from a Follow-up Survey,” presented at American Association for Public Opinion O’Muircheartaigh, C., Eckman, S. and English, N. 2004. Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. “Sampling for Inner-City Face-to Face Surveys,” presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Research Nichols Lodato, B. and Zimowski, M. 2005. “Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Design: Washington State Achievers Longitudinal Survey and Tracking Study and Gates Millennium Scholars O’Muircheartaigh, C., Eckman, S., English, N., Lepkowski, Program Longitudinal and Tracking Study,” presented at J. and Heeringa, S. 2005. “Comparison of Traditional the Canada Millennium Scholarship Foundation’s “Known Listings and USPS Address Database as a Frame for Knowns, Known Unknowns and Unknown Unknowns: A National Area Probability Samples,” presented at American Workshop to Take Stock of the State of Research on Access Association for Public Opinion Research Annual to Post-Secondary Education and Map Future Directions.” Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Ottawa, Canada. Paik, A., Laumann, E.O. and Van Haitsma, M. 2004. Nichols Lodato, B., Zimowski, M. and Lodato, R. 2005. “Commitment, Jealousy, and the Quality of Life.” In E. O. “The Survey of Diverse Students.” In E. St. John, (ed), Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm Readings on Equal Education: Improving Access and College (eds), The Sexual Organization of the City (pp. 194-225). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

48 Parente, S., Evans, W., Schoenman, J. and Finch, M. 2005. America: an Encyclopedia of Public Opinion. Westport, CT: “Health Care Use and Expenditures of Medicare HMO Greenwood. Disenrollees.” Health Care Financing Review, 26(3): 31-43. Rasinski, K.A., Smith, T. and Diez-Nicolas, J. 2005. “When Parish, W.L., Wang, T., Laumann, E.O., Pan, S. and Luo, Y. the Trains Exploded in Madrid: Fear, Anger, Public 2004. “Intimate Partner Violence in China: National Opinion, and Government Change.” Public Opinion Pros Prevalence, Risk Factors and Associated Health Problems.” (http://www.publicopinionpros.com/features/2005/dec/ International Family Planning Perspectives, 30(4): 174-181. rasinski.asp). Paulson, A.L. and Townsend, R. 2004. “Entrepreneurship Rasinski, K.A., Viechnicki, P. and O’Muircheartaigh, C. and Financial Constraints in Thailand.” Journal of Corporate 2004. “Methods for Studying Stigma and Mental Illness.” Finance, 10(2): 229-262. In P. Corrigan (ed), On The Stigma Of Mental Illness: Practical Pedlow, S., Porras, J., O’Muircheartaigh, C. and Shin, H.-C. Strategies for Research and Social Change. Washington, DC: 2004. “Outlier Weight Adjustment in REACH 2010.” American Psychological Association. Proceedings, Section on Survey Research Methods, American Rasinski, K.A., Visser, P., Zagatsky, M. and Rickett, E. 2005. Statistical Association. “Using Non-Conscious Goal Priming to Improve the Pedlow, S., Wang, Y. and O’Muircheartaigh, C. 2005. “ The Quality of Self-Report Data.” Journal of Experimental Social Impact of Cluster (Segment) Size on Effective Sample Size.” Psychology, 41: 321-327. Proceedings, Joint Statistical Meetings, American Statistical Rasinski, K.A., Woll, P. and Cooke, A. 2005. “Stigma and Association. Substance Use Disorders.” In P. Corrigan (ed), On the Stigma Pedlow, S., and Wang, Y., Scheib, E. and Shin, H. 2005. of Mental Illness: Implications for Research and Social Change. “More Outlier Weight Issues in REACH 2010.” Proceedings, Washington DC: American Psychological Association. Joint Statistical Meetings, American Statistical Association. Rathouz, P.J. 2004. “Missing Date - Fixed Effects Models for Pennebaker, J., Dabbs, J. and Loew, D. 2004. “Testosterone Longitudinal Binary Data with Drop-outs Missing at as a Social Inhibitor: Two Case Studies of the Effect of Random.” Statistica Sinica, 14(3): 969-988. Testosterone Treatment on Language.” Journal of Abnormal Raudenbush, S.W. 2005. “How Do We Study ‘What Psychology, 113(1): 172-175. Happens Next’?” Annals of the American Academy of Political Pergamit, M. 2005. “Work Schedules and Work Injuries,” and Social Science, 602(1): 293-294. presented at the World Congress of the Society of Labor Raudenbush, S.W. 2004. “What Are Value-Added Models Economists. San Francisco, CA. June. Estimating and What Does this Imply for Statistical Pergamit, M. and Ernst, M. 2006. A Preliminary Analysis of Practice?” Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, the RHYMIS Database. Final Report to the Family and Youth 29(1): 121-130. Services Bureau, Department of Health and Human Raver, C.C. 2004. “Childcare as a Work Support, a Child- Services, September. January. focused Intervention, and as a Job.” In A. C. Crouter and A. Pergamit, M. and Krishnamurty, P. 2006 (forthcoming). Booth (eds), Work-family Challenges for Low-income Parents “Multi-Year Work Injury Rates.” Monthly Labor Review. and their Children. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Petty, R.E., Rucker, D., Bizer, G. and Cacioppo, J.T. 2004. “The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion.” In J. S. Raver, C.C. 2004. “Placing Emotional Self-Regulation in Seiter and G. H. Gass (eds), Perspectives on Persuasion, Social Sociocultural and Socioeconomic Contexts.” Child Influence, and Compliance Gaining (pp. 65-89). Boston: Allyn Development, 75(2): 346-353. & Bacon. Raver, C.C. and Zigler, E.F. 2004. “Another Step Back? Pickett, K.E., Collins, J.W., Masi, C.M. and Wilkinson, R.G. Assessing Readiness in Head Start.” Young Children, 59(1): 2005. “The Effects of Racial Density and Income 58-63. Incongruity on Pregnancy Outcomes.” Social Science and Rhodes, K.V., He, T., Miller, A., Bailey, O., Walter, J., Howes, Medicine, 60(10): 2229-2238. D.S., Frankel, R. and Levinson, W. 2004. “Resuscitating the Porras, J. and English, N. 2004. “Data-Driven Approaches Doctor-Patient Relationship: Emergency Department to Identifying Interviewer Falsification: The Case of Health Communication in an Academic Medical Centre.” Annals of Surveys,” presented at the Joint Statistical Meetings, Emergency Medicine, 44(3): 262-267. American Statistical Association. Toronto, Canada. August. Rubinstein, Y. and Mulligan, C.B. 2005. “Estimating and Porras, J. and Harter, R. 2004. “EACH 2010: A Case Study in Imputing Incomes for Middle Class Families.” In B. Survey Statistics,” presented at the Feinberg School of Schneider and L. J. Waite (eds), Being Together, Working Medicine, Northwestern University. April. Apart: Dual-Career Families and the Work-Life Balance (pp. 491-503). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Potok, N., Bailey, R., Sherman, B., Harter, R., Yang, M., Chapline, J. and Bartolone, J. 2005. The 2003 Survey of Small Sampson, R.J., Morenoff, J.D. and Raudenbush, S.W. 2005. Business Finances: Methodology Report. Submitted to Board of “Social Anatomy of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Governors of the Federal Reserve. May. Violence.” American Journal of Public Health, 95(2): 224-232. Rasinski, K.A., Ernst, M. and Haggerty, C.C. 2004. “Question Sampson, R.J. and Raudenbush, S.W. 2004. “The Social Comparability.” In S. J. Best and B. Radcliff (eds), Polling in Structure of Seeing Disorder.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 67(4): 319-342.

49 Scheuren, F., Kyle, S., Samuelson, D. and Vicinanza, N. Schneider, B.L., Hoogstra, L., Sexton, H. and Chang, F. 2006 2006. “Exit Polling.” Chance Magazine, 19. (forthcoming). “Public and Private School Differences: The Scheuren, F. 2006. “The Use of Para Data in Statistical Relationship of Adolescent Religious Involvement to Inference.” Proceedings, 2005 Statistics Canada Methodology Psychological Well-being and Altruistic Behavior.” In M. T. Conference. Ottowa, Canada. Hallinan (ed), School Sector Effects on Educational Outcomes. South Bend, IN: Notre Dame Press. Scheuren, F. 2006. “My 100th ASA Presidential Year: Reflections on the 2005 American Statistical Association Schneider, B.L., Kertcher, Z. and Offer, S. 2006. “Global Presidential Year.” Washington, DC: American Statistical Trends towards Education and Science: Tension and Association. Resistance.” In J. Ozga, T. Seddon and T. Popkewitz (eds), Education Research and Policy: Steering the Knowledge-based Scheuren, F. 2006. “Statistics Without Borders.” Economy. New York/London: Taylor and Francis. International Chinese Statistical Association Bulletin. Schneider, B.L., Martinez, S. and Owens, A. 2006 (forth- Scheuren, F. 2006. Three Years of Historical Reflections from the coming). “Barriers to the Educational Opportunities for American Statistician, May 2003 – February 2006 (collected Hispanics in the U.S.” In M. Tienda (ed), Hispanics and the with an introduction and reprinted from the American American Future. Washington, DC: National Academies. Statistician). Washington, DC: American Statistical Association. Schneider, B.L. and McDonald, S.-K. (eds). 2006 (forthcoming). Scale-Up in Practice. New York: Rowman & Littlefield. Scheuren, F. 2005. “Afghanistan Refugees in Pakistan.” In J. Asher and D. Banks (eds), Human Rights. Washington, DC: Schneider, B.L. and McDonald, S.-K. (eds). 2006 (forthcom- American Association for the Advancement of Science. ing). Scale-Up in Principle. New York: Rowman & Littlefield. Scheuren, F. 2005. ASA Presidential Papers (web book – Schneider, B.L. and Owens, A. 2005. “Self-regulation and www.asapresidentialpapers.info). Washington, DC: American the Transition to Adulthood.” Academic Exchange Quarterly, Statistical Association. 9(4): 671-691. Scheuren, F. 2005. “Statistics: A Rights Discipline.” ASA Schneider, B.L., Rice, H. and Hoogstra, L. 2004. “The Presidential Address to the Joint Statistical Meetings, Importance of Religion in Adolescents’ Lives.” Catholic American Statistical Association. Minneapolis, MN. August. Education, 7(3): 366-388. Scheuren, F. 2004. “Voting Without (Statistical) Controls” Schneider, B.L. and Waite, L.J. 2006 (forthcoming). “Timely presented at the American Society for Quality and and Timeless: Working Parents and their Children.” In S. American Statistical Association Fall Technical Conference, M. Bianchi, L. M. Casper, and R. B. King (eds), Work, Family, Roanoke, VA. October. (www.voting systems.us) Health and Well-Being. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. Scheuren, F. 2004. What Is A Survey?, 2nd edition. Washington, DC: American Statistical Association. Schneider, B.L. and Waite L.J. 2005. Being Together, Working Apart: Dual-Career Families and the Work-Life Balance. Schildhaus, S. 2004. Decision Support 2000+ Outcomes Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Measurement Project. Public Mental Healthcare Agencies, Bethesda, MD. November. Schneider, B.L. and Waite L.J. 2005. “Why Study Working Families?” In B. Schneider and L. J. Waite (eds), Being Schildhaus, S. 2004. Mental Health Statistics Improvement Together, Working Apart: Dual-Career Families and the Work- Technical Workgroup. Washington, DC, October 2004. Life Balance (pp. 3-18). Cambridge: Cambridge University Schildhaus, S. 2004. Outcomes Group Forum Gaithersburg, Press. MD. September. Schoenman, J. 2005. Estimating the Impact of Medicare’s Schildhaus, S. 2004. Performance Management: Data National Coverage Decision for Lung Volume Reduction Surgery Outcomes. State Systems Development Program, Crystal on Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Expenditures. Final Report City, VA. August. to the American Medical Association. August. Schildhaus, S., Shaw-Taylor, Y., Pedlow, S. and Pergamit, M. Schoenman, J. 2004. Rural Implications of Medicare’s Post- 2004. Predicting Heavy Drug Use. Office of National Drug Acute Care Payment Policy. Final Report to the Office of Control Policy. Washington, DC: Executive Office of the Rural Health Policy. July. President (Publication no. NCJ 208382). Schoenman, J. and Mueller, C. 2005. “Rural Implications of Schneider, B.L. 2006. “In the Moment: The Benefits of the Medicare’s Post-Acute Care Transfer Payment Policy.” Experience Sampling Method.” In M. Pitt-Catsouphes, E. E. Journal of Rural Health, 21(2): 122-30. Spring. Kossek and S. Sweet (eds), The Work and Family Handbook: Schoenman, J., Parente, S., Feldman, J., Shah, M., Evans, W. Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives and Approaches. Mahwah, NJ: and Finch, M. 2005. “Impact of HMO Withdrawals on Lawrence Erlbaum. Vulnerable Medicare Beneficiaries.” Health Care Financing Schneider, B.L. 2004. “Building a Scientific Community: The Review, 26(3): 5-30. Need for Replication.” Teachers College Record, 106(7): 1471-1483. Schoenman J. and Sutton J. 2004. “Documenting the Value Schneider, B.L., Ainbinder, A. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. of Hospital Administrative Data.” Annual Meeting of the 2005. “Stress and Working Parents.” In J. T. Haworth and A. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Partners. J. Veal (eds), Work and Leisure. New York: Routledge Press. Gaithersburg, MD. April.

50 Schoenman, J., Sutton, J., Kintala, S., Love, D. and Maw, R. Schur, C. and Sutton, J. 2005. Prescription Drug Use and 2005. The Value of Hospital Discharge Databases. Final Report Expenditures: Trends Among Privately Insured Patients. to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. May. Prepared for the Maryland Health Care Commission. April. Schoenman, J., Sutton, J., Love, D. and Maw, R. 2005. Seward, L., Grigorian, K. and Hoffer, T. 2005. “A Brain is a Hospital Discharge Databases: How Are They Used? How Can Terrible Thing to Lose: Locating U.S.-Educated Foreign They be Improved? Annual Meeting of the Healthcare Cost Nationals Intending to Live Abroad,” presented at the and Utilization Project (HCUP) Partners. Gaithersburg, American Association for Public Opinion Research Annual MD. March. Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Schoenman, J., Sutton, J., Love, D. and Maw, R. 2004. Uses Shabsigh, R., Perelman, M.A., Laumann, E.O. and Lockhart, and Value of Hospital Discharge Data. Annual Meeting of the D.C. 2004. “Sexual Medicine: Drivers and Barriers to National Association of Health Data Organizations. Seeking Treatment for Erectile Dysfunction: A Comparison Washington, DC. December. of Six Countries.” BJU International, 94(7): 1055-1065. Schoenman, J., Sutton, J. and Zhao, L. 2005. Revisions to Shah, T., Jonnalagadda, S., Kicklighter, J., Diwan, S. and Medicare’s Disproportionate Share Payment Policy to Incorporate Hopkins, B. 2005. “Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Bad Debt and Charity Care. Final Report to the Office of Factors Among Young Adult Asian Indians.” Journal of Rural Health Policy. September. Immigrant Health, 7(2): 117-125. Schur, C. 2005. Evaluation of the Healthy Communities Access Slater, M.D. and Rasinski, K.A. 2005. “Media Exposure and Program (HCAP). Draft Report to Congress. Prepared for Attention as Mediating Variables Influencing Social Risk HRSA by NORC. July. Judgments.” Journal of Communication, 55(4): 810-827. Schur, C. 2005. Evaluation of Databases for Drug Risk Smith, R.A., Berg, J.E., Pope, L. Callahan, J. Wynn, D. and Adjustment. Final Report to the Office of the Assistant Thisted, R.A. 2004. “Validation of the CNS Emotional Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. April. Liability Scale for Pseudobulbar Affect (Pathological Schur, C. et al. 2006. Mail-Order Purchase of Maintenance Laughing and Crying) in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.” Drugs: Impact on Consumers, Payers, and Retail Pharmacies. Multiple Sclerosis, 10: 679-685. Required under SB 885 Maintenance Drug Prescriptions – Smith, R.A., Berg, J.E., Pope, L. and Thisted, R.A. 2004. Mail-Order Purchase –Study. Prepared for the Maryland “Measuring Pseudobulbar Affect in ALS.” Amyotrophic Health Care Commission. Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders, 5 (suppl. Schur, C. 2004. “Rural Public Health Infrastructure,” in 1): 99-102. Bridging the Health Divide: The Rural Public Health Research Smith, S. 2005. “Household Surveys Including Biomarkers Agenda, University of Pittsburgh Center for Rural Health to Measure Coverage,” presented at the World Health Practice. April. Organization (WHO)/Ellison Institute Consultation meet- Schur, C., Berk, M. and Mueller, C. 2004. “Perspectives of ing. Tallinn, Estonia. December. Rural Hospitals on Bioterrorism Preparedness Planning,” Smith, T.W. 2006 (forthcoming). “Codes of Ethics and Standards NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis, Policy in Survey Research.” In W. Donsbach and M. Traugott (eds), Analysis Brief. W Series, no. 4. April. Handbook of Public Opinion Research. London: Sage. Schur, C., Berk, M., Wilensky, G. and Gagnon, J. 2004. Smith, T.W. 2006 (forthcoming). “Loving and Caring in “Paying for Health Care in Retirement: Workers’ America: Trends and Correlates of Empathy, Altruism, and Knowledge of Benefits and Expenses,” Health Affairs Web Related Constructs.” In L. Underwood, S. Sprecher and B. Exclusive W4-385. July. Fehr (eds), The Science of Compassionate Love: Research, Schur, C., Berk, M. and Yegian, J. 2004. “Public Perceptions Theory, and Applications. New York, NY: Blackwell. of Cost Containment Strategies: Mixed Signals for Managed Smith, T.W. 2006 (forthcoming). “Trends and Socio- Care,” Health Affairs Web Exclusive W4-516-525. November. Demographic Differences in American Sexual Behavior.” In Schur, C., Berk, M. and Yegian, J. 2004. “Workers’ R. D. McAnulty and M. M. Burnette (eds), Sex and Sexuality. Perspectives on Employer-Mandated Health Insurance,” Westport, CT: Praeger Press. Health Affairs Web Exclusive W4-128-135. March. Smith, T.W. 2005. “AAPOR’s Meeting Place in 2005.” Schur, C., Doty, M. and Berk, M. 2004. Lack of Prescription AAPORNEWS (fall), 1, 5. Drug Coverage for Nonelderly Adults: A Problem of Smith, T.W. 2005. “AAPOR Meets in Miami Beach,” Underinsurance. Issue Brief, Commonwealth Fund. WAPORNEWS (second quarter), 7-8. February. Smith, T.W. 2005. “About the General Social Survey.” In Schur, C., Feldman, J., Kintala, S. and Berk, M. 2004. American Attitudes: What Americans Think about the Issues California’s Uninsured and Medi-Cal Populations: A Policy that Shape Their Lives, 4th edition. Ithaca, NY: New Strategist Guide to the Estimates. California HealthCare Foundation. Publications, Inc. January. Smith, T.W. 2005. Age Differences in Social, Civic, and Media Schur, C., Feldman, J. and Zhao, L. 2004. “The Purchase of Variables, 1974-2004. Report for CIRCLE. September. Health Insurance by California’s Non-Poor Uninsured: Smith, T. W. 2005. Altruism and Empathy in America: Trends How Can It Be Increased?” NORC Policy Analysis Brief. C and Correlates. Report for the Institute for Unlimited Love, Series, no. 1. May. November. Also GSS Report no. 38. Chicago: NORC.

51 Smith, T.W. 2005. Discrepancies in Gender Codes. GSS Smith, T.W. 2005. “Trendlets: National Spiritual Methodological Report no. 102. Chicago: NORC. Transformation Study [and] National Pride: Over Time and Smith, T.W. 2005. Estimating the Status of Cases with Across Countries.” GSSNews, 19: 3-4. Unknown Eligibility in Telephone Surveys. Chicago: NORC. Smith, T. W. 2005. Troubles in America: A Study of Negative November. Life Events Across Time and Sub-Groups. Report for the Smith, T.W. 2005. An Experimental Comparison of Methods of Russell Sage Foundation. September. Measuring Ethnicity. GSS Methodological Report no. 104. Smith, T.W. 2005. “Turning Points: Spiritual Transformations Chicago: NORC. Around the World.” Public Opinion Pros at www.public Smith, T.W. 2005. “Generation Gaps in Attitudes and opinionpros.com. January. Values from the 1970s to the 1990s.” In R. A. Settersten, F. F. Smith, T. W. 2004. An Analysis of GSS Research, 1972-2003. Furstenberg, Jr. and R. G. Rumbaut (eds), On the Frontier of GSS Project Report no. 26. Chicago: NORC. Adulthood: Theory, Research, and Public Policy. Chicago: Smith, T.W. 2004. “Cross-National Survey Research: The University of Chicago Press. Challenge and the Promise” ICPSR Bulletin, 24(spring): 3-12. Smith, T.W. 2005. “The General Social Survey.” In S. J. Best Smith, T.W. 2004. “Coming of Age in 21st Century and B. Radcliff (eds), Polling America: An Encyclopedia of America: Public Attitudes towards the Importance and Public Opinion. Westport, CT: Greenwood. Timing of Transitions to Adulthood.” Ageing International, Smith, T.W. 2005. The Holocaust and Its Implications: A Seven 29: 136-148. Nation Comparative Study. New York: American Jewish Smith, T.W. 2004. Comparing the Knowledge Networks Web- Committee. Enabled Panel and the In-Person 2002 General Social Survey: Smith, T.W. 2005. The Impact of Alternative Response Scales on Experiments with Mode, Format, and Question Wording. GSS Measuring Self-ratings of Health. GSS Methodological Report Methodological Report no. 99. Chicago: NORC. no. 103. Chicago: NORC. Smith, T.W. 2004. “Freedom to Conduct Public Opinion Smith, T.W. 2005. Intentional Undervotes in Presidential Polls Around the World.” International Journal of Public Elections, 1972-2000. GSS Topical Report no. 39. Chicago: Opinion Research, 16(summer): 215-223. NORC. Smith, T.W. 2004. Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Smith, T.W. 2005. Jewish Distinctiveness in America: A Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Survey, 3rd edition. Lenexa, Statistical Portrait. New York: American Jewish Committee. KS: American Association for Public Opinion Research. Smith, T.W. 2005. “The Laws of Studying Societal Change.” Smith, T.W. and Dennis, J.M. 2005. “Comparing the Survey Research, 36(2): 1-5. Knowledge Networks Web-Enabled Panel and the In- Smith, T.W. 2005. “The Midwest and the Rise of Survey Person 2002 General Social Survey: Experiments with Research: The National Opinion Research Center, Mode, Format, and Question Wordings.” Public Opinion University of Chicago, and the Institute for Social Research, Pros at www.publicopinionpros.com. December 1. University of Michigan,” in A. R. L. Cayton, R. Sisson and Smith, T.W. and Kim, S. 2006 (forthcoming). “National C. Zacher (eds), Encyclopedia of the Midwest. Bloomington: Pride in Comparative Perspective: 1995/96 and 2003/04.” Indiana University Press. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 18(1): 127-136. Smith, T.W. 2005. “Proceedings of the 60th Annual Smith, T.W. and Kim, S. 2005. “The Vanishing Protestant Conference of the American Association for Public Opinion Majority.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 44: 211-224. Research: Conference Report.” Public Opinion Quarterly, Smith, T.W., Kim, J., Koch, A. and Park, A. Forthcoming. 69(3): 484-486. “Social-Science Research and the General Social Surveys.” Smith, T. W. 2005. “Public Opinion on Guns and Gun Comparative Sociology. Control.” In S. J. Best and B. Radcliff (eds), Polling America: Smith, T.W., Mohler, P.P., Harkness, J. and Onodera, N. An Encyclopedia of Public Opinion. Westport, CT: 2005. “Methods for Assessing and Calibrating Response Greenwood. Scales Across Countries and Languages.” Comparative Smith, T.W. 2005. A Report on the 2005 ISSP Non-Response Sociology, 4(3): 365-415. Survey. GSS Cross-national Report no. 24. Chicago: NORC. Sokolowski, J., Bonner, M. and Goble, L. 2005. “Strategies Smith, T.W. 2005. A Revisit to “The Vanishing Protestant for Identifying Case Falsifiers in Field Surveys,” presented Majority and Expanded Religious Probes on the 2004 General at the International Field Directors and Technologies Social Survey.” GSS Methodological Report no. 105. Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Chicago: NORC. Sokolowski, J., Carr, C., Eckman, S., Haggerty, C. and Sagar, Smith, T.W. 2005. Spiritual and Religious Transformations in A. 2004. “Respondent Incentives: Do They Affect Your America: The National Spiritual Transformation Study. GSS Data? Data Comparability in an RDD Survey,” presented at Topical Report no. 37. Chicago: NORC. the American Association for Public Opinion Research Smith, T.W. 2005. “Total Survey Error,” in K. Kempf- Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Leonard (ed), Encyclopedia of Social Measurement. New York, NY: Academic Press.

52 Spencer, N.A., McClintock, M.K., Sellergren, S.A., Bullivant, (eds), The Sexual Organization of the City (pp. 39-68). S. Jacob, S. and Mennella, J.A. 2004. “Social Chemosignals Chicago: University of Chicago Press. from Breastfeeding Women Increase Sexual Motivation.” Volberg, R.A. 2005. “Critical Issues in the Etiology of Hormones and Behavior, 46(3): 362. Problem Gambling,” presented at the 19th National Spiegel, K., Leproult, R. L’Hermite-Baleriaux, M., Conference on Problem Gambling Prevention, Treatment Copinschi, G., Penev, P. D. and Van Cauter, E. 2004. and Research, New Orleans, LA. June. “Leptin Levels Are Dependent on Sleep Duration: Volberg, R.A. 2005. Minimizing Gambling Problems in Relationships with Sympathovagal Balance, Carbohydrate Arizona. Report to the Office of Problem Gambling, Arizona Regulation, Cortisol, and Thyrotropin.” Journal of Clinical Department of Gaming. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 89(11): 5762-5771. Volberg, R.A. 2005. Problem Gambling Screening and Stolzenberg, R. 2004. “Regression Analysis.” In M. A. Assessment: Literature Review. Auckland, New Zealand: Hardy and A. Bryman (eds), Handbook of Data Analysis. Gambling Research Centre, Auckland University of Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Technology. Suarez-Balcazar, Y., Kinney, L., Masi, C.M., Cassey, M. and Volberg, R.A. 2005. “Problem Gambling Services in the Muhammad, B. 2004. “A Participatory Internet Initiative in New Millennium.” Plenary Address presented at Gambling an African American Neighborhood.” Journal of Prevention and Problem Gambling in New Zealand: Policy, Practice & Intervention in the Community, 29(1/2): 103-116. and Research, One Year On. Auckland, New Zealand. May. Sutton, J. 2005. Home Health Payment Reform: Trends in the Volberg, R.A. 2004. “Comparing Gambling and Problem Supply of Rural Agencies and Availability of Home-based Skilled Gambling in Two Nationally Representative Samples of Services. NORC Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis U.S. Women,” presented at the National Conference on Policy Analysis Brief. W Series, no. 6. March. Problem Gambling Prevention, Treatment and Research, Sutton, J. 2005. Patterns of Post-Acute Utilization in Rural and Scottsdale, AZ. June. Urban Communities: Home Health, Skilled Nursing, and Volberg, R.A. 2004. “Epidemiological Examination of Inpatient Medical Rehabilitation. Final report to the Federal Gambling and Gambling Related Problems,” presented at Office of Rural Health Policy. March. the First International Meeting on Gambling Research and Sutton, J. 2005. Utilization of Home Health Services among Other Addictive Behaviors, Barcelona, Spain. October. Rural Medicare Beneficiaries Before and After the PPs. Final Volberg, R.A. 2004. “Fifteen Years of Prevalence Research: Report. August. What Do We Know? Where Do We Go?” Electronic Journal Sutton, J. and Schur, C. 2005. Spotlight: Asthma Could Be of Gambling Issues, 10: http://www.camh.net/egambling. More Effectively Managed for Many Privately Insured Children Volberg, R.A. 2004. “Issues and Challenges in Addressing in Maryland. Maryland Health Care Commission. April, Problem Gambling in the U.S.A.” Plenary Address present- October. ed at Gambling and Problem Gambling in New Zealand: Sutton, J. and Stensland, J. 2004. “Promoting Taking Stock and Moving Forward on Policy, Practice and Accountability: Hospital Charity Care in California, Research, Auckland, New Zealand. May. Washington and Texas.” Journal of Health Care for the Poor Volberg, R.A. and McNeilly, D. 2004. Gambling and Problem and Underserved, 15(2): 237-250. Gambling Among Seniors in Florida. Report to the Florida Thomas, G., Smith, S. and Turcotte, J. (Forthcoming). Council on Compulsive Gambling. “Using Public Relations Strategies to Prompt Populations at Volberg, R.A., Rugle, L., Rosenthal, R.J. and Fong, T. 2005. Risk to Seek Health Information: The Hanford Community Situational Assessment of Problem Gambling Services in Health Project.” Journal of Health Promotion Practice. California. Report to the Office of Problem Gambling, Tierney, W.M., Hudson, B.L., Oppenheimer, C.C., Finn, A., California Department of Alcohol and Drug Programs. Benz, J., Zafar, A., Lanier, D. and Gaylin, D.S. 2004. “A (http://www.problemgambling.ca.gov) National Survey of Primary Care Practice-based Research Volberg, R.A. and Wray, M. 2006 (forthcoming). “Legal Networks.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 19(suppl. 1): 111. Gambling and Problem Gambling as Mechanisms of Social Tilkin, M.S. 2004. “Agile Component-based Software Domination? Some Considerations for Future Research.” Engineering over the Survey Life Cycle,” presented at the American Behavioral Scientist. Joint Statistical Meetings, American Statistical Association, Waite, L.J. (ed). 2005. Aging, Health, and Public Policy: Toronto, Canada. August. Demographic and Economic Perspectives. New York: Trent, W. and Nichols Lodato, B. 2005. “Research Design: Population Council. Gates Millennium Scholars,” presented at the National Waite, L.J. 2005. “The Demographic Faces of the Elderly.” Symposium on Student Retention, Dallas, TX. October. In L. J. Waite (ed), Aging, Health, and Public Policy: Trent, W., Nichols, B., Zimowski, M. and Miller, E. 2005. Demographic and Economic Perspectives (vol. 30S, pp. 3-18). The Gates Millennium Scholar Tracking and Longitudinal Study New York: Population Council. Research Framework. Chicago: NORC. Waite, L.J. 2004. “Divorce and Health.” In N. Anderson Van Haitsma, M., Paik, A. and Laumann, E.O. 2004. “The (ed), Encyclopedia of Health and Behavior (pp. 259-261). Chicago Health and Social Life Survey Design.” In E. O. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Laumann, S. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm

53 Wang, Y. and Krishnamurty, P. 2004. “Mode Effects for Yang, Y. and Land, K.C. 2006 (forthcoming). “A Mixed Sensitive Questions in Rounds 4 and 5 of NLSY97,” Models Approach to Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of presented at the American Association for Public Opinion Repeated Cross-Section Surveys: Trends in Verbal Test Research Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ. May. Scores.” Sociological Methodology. Welch, Jr., V.E. and Williams, K. 2005. “Black, White, Yang, Y. and Morgan, S.P. 2004. “How Big Are Educational Other? Why Racial Identifications within Hispanic and Racial Fertility Differentials in the U.S.?” Social Biology, Ethnicity Matter: a Look at Professional and Social 51: 167-187. Outcomes Among Research Doctorate Recipients,” present- Youm, Y. and Laumann, E.O. 2004. “Social Networks and ed at the American Association for Public Opinion Research Sexually Transmitted Diseases.” In E. O. Laumann, S. Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Whelan, C.T., Jin, L. and Meltzer, D. 2004. “Pain and Organization of the City (pp. 3-38). Chicago: University of Satisfaction with Pain Control in Hospitalized Medical Chicago Press. Patients: No Such Thing as Low Risk.” Archives of Internal Youm, Y. and Paik, A. 2004. “The Sex Market and Its Medicine, 164: 175-180. Implications for Family Formation.” In E. O. Laumann, S. White, L.A. and Schur, C.L. 2005. “Rural Public Health Ellingson, J. Mahay, A. Paik and Y. Youm (eds), The Sexual Infrastructure Research. Session—Rural Public Health Organization of the City (pp. 165-193). Chicago: University of Infrastructure: Are We Protected?” presented at the Chicago Press. National Rural Health Association Meetings, New Orleans, Zahn, M.A., Brownstein, H.H. and Jackson, S.L. (eds). 2004. LA. May. Violence: From Theory to Research. Newark, NJ: LexisNexis/ White, L.A., Silver, L., Meit, M., Ettaro, L. and Fitzpatrick, T. Anderson. 2006. “Financing Rural Public Health Activities in Chronic Zhang, Z. 2006. “Harrison Narcotics Act.” In Drugs and Disease Prevention and Health Promotion,” presented at Society, vol. 2 (pp. 436-437). New York, NY: Marshall the Public Health Systems Research Conference. Cavendish Reference Publisher. Washington, DC. February. Zhang, Z. 2006. “Workplace Drug Use.” In Drugs and Woodrow-Lafield, K.A., Xu, X., Kersen, T. and Poch, B. Society, vol. 3 (pp. 879-881). New York, NY: Marshall 2004. “Naturalization of U.S. Immigrants: Highlights from Cavendish Reference Publisher. Ten Countries.” Population Research and Policy Review, 23(3): 187-218. Zhang, Z. 2005. “Linkages to Mental Health Service and Primary Care: Effects on Drug Use Improvements among Yamaguchi, K. 2004. “The Merits and Methods of Panel Substance Abuse Treatment Patients,” presented at the Annual Data Analyses: Some Misunderstanding in the Common- Meeting of the American Public Health Association, Sense Knowledge.” Japanese Journal of Household Economics, Philadelphia, PA. December. 62: 50-58. Zhang, Z. 2004. Drug and Alcohol Use and Related Matters Yang, M., Chattopadhyay, M. and English, N. 2005. “Study Among Arrestees. 2003. Report prepared for the National of Ported Telephone Numbers Using the NeuStar Database,” Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice. presented at American Association for Public Opinion (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/adam/ADAM2003.pdf) Research Annual Conference, Miami Beach, FL. May. Zhang, Z. 2004. Preliminary Data on Drug Use and Related Yang, Y. 2006 (forthcoming). “Age/Period/Cohort Matters Among Adult Arrestees & Juvenile Detainees, 2002. Distinctions.” In K. S. Markides (ed), Encyclopedia of Health Report prepared for the National Institute of Justice, U.S. and Aging. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Department of Justice. Yang, Y. 2006 (forthcoming). “Bayesian Inference for Zhang, Z. and Gerstein, D.R. 2005. “Electronic Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort Models of Repeated Cross- Communications and the Dynamics of the Street-level Drug Section Survey Data.” Sociological Methodology. Markets in the U.S.,” presented at the Annual Meeting of Yang, Y. 2006 (forthcoming). “How Does Functional the American Sociological Association, Philadelphia, PA. Disability Affect Depressive Symptoms in Late Life? The August. Role of Perceived Social Support and Psychological Zhang, Z., Gerstein, D.R. and Friedmann, P.D. 2004. Resources.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior. “Patients’ Perceived Helpfulness and the Persistent Yang, Y., Fu, W.J. and Land, K.C. 2004. “A Methodological Substance Abuse Treatment Improvements,” presented at Comparison of Age-Period-Cohort Models: Intrinsic the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)’s Addiction Estimator and Conventional Generalized Linear Models.” Health Service Conference, Philadelphia, PA. October. In R. Stolzenberg (ed), Sociological Methodology (vol. 34, pp. Zhang, Z., Noone, D. and Brownstein, H.H. 2004. 75-110). Boston: Blackwell. “Comparing Homeless and Domiciled Arrestees on Yang, Y. and George, L.K. 2005. “Functional Disability, Substance Use, Access to Treatment, and Mode of Drug Disability Transitions, and Depressive Symptoms in Late Acquisition,” presented at the Annual Meeting of the Life.” Journal of Aging and Health, 17: 263-292. Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, Las Vegas, NV. March.

54 Zhang, Z., Noone, D. and Brownstein, H.H. 2004. Zimowski, M.F. and Schacht, S. 2006. A Comparative “Substance Abuse Treatment Needs and Accesses Among Analysis of the Background Characteristics, Early Outcomes and 16,000+ Women Arrestees,” presented at the American Experiences of the Second Cohort of Gates Millennium Scholars. Society of Criminology Annual Meeting, Nashville, TN. Chicago, IL: NORC. November. Zimowski, M.F. 2004. Analysis of Results from the Zhang, Z., Shaw-Taylor, Y., Hendrickson, J. and Gerstein, Washington State Achievers Survey of Cohort I and Cohort II D.R. 2004. Annualized ADAM Site Reports 2003: Adult Male Non-enrollees. Chicago, IL: NORC Weighted Data, Adult Female Unweighted Data. Chicago, IL: Ziol-Guest, K., Kalil, A. and DeLeire, T. C. 2004. NORC. “Expenditure Decisions in Single-parent Households.” In Zhang, Z., Yang, M., Hendrickson, J., Gerstein, D.R. et al. A. Kalil and T. C. DeLeire (eds), Family Investments in 2004. Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Data 2000-2003: A Children’s Potential: Resources and Parenting Behaviors that Guide to Analysts. Prepared for the National Institute of Promote Success (pp. 181-208). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Justice, U.S. Department of Justice. Chicago, IL: NORC. Erlbaum Associates. Zimowski, M.F. and Schacht, S. 2006. A Comparative Zuckerbraun, S. 2005. “Designing Survey Procedures to Be Analysis of the Background Characteristics, Early Outcomes and Sensitive to Older Adults,” presented at the International Experiences of the Entering Freshmen Class of the Inaugural Field Directors and Technologies Conference, Miami Beach, Cohort of Gates Millennium Scholars. Chicago, IL: NORC. FL. May.

55 PHOTO CREDITS

Cover images: Lloyd DeGrane

Page 2: Laumann, Coelen: Lloyd Degrane Page 5: Lloyd DeGrane Pages 16 and 17: Lloyd DeGrane Page 18: Lane: NORC Black: Stephen Sartori Pergamit: Mattox Photography Page 19: Greene, Nichols, Hoffer: Lloyd DeGrane Page 20: Berk, Gaylin, Feldman: Mattox Photography Page 21: Koppelman: Lloyd DeGrane O’Grady, Schur: Mattox Photography Page 22: Tilkin: Mattox Photography Koppikar: John Thompson Taylor: Lloyd DeGrane Page 23: Telgarsky: Mattox Photography Page 24: Harter, O’Muirheartaigh: Lloyd DeGrane Scheuren: Bachrach Page 25: Brownstein, Suter: Lloyd DeGrane Page 28: Thompson: Lloyd DeGrane Page 29: Kelly, Williams: Lloyd DeGrane Page 30: Bard: Lloyd DeGrane Page 32: Parks, McDonald, Reynolds: Lloyd DeGrane Smith: NORC Page 33: Waite, Lauderdale: Lloyd DeGrane Page 34: Laumann, Michael, Wolter: Lloyd DeGrane Page 37: Lloyd DeGrane

Design: FTM Design Studio Editing: Felicity Skidmore

56 NORC Senior Central Administrative Staff

MARY JO ARDIZZONE Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

C. PETER GARVEY Director, Accounting

ANDREY M. PRYJMA Director, Human Resources

RICHARD M. RUBIN Vice President, Office of Business Development

CATHLEEN C. SAVAGE Vice President, Strategic Projects and Communication

LINDA K. SHARP Director, Facilities and Purchasing For general information on NORC please visit our web site at http://www.norc.org

1155 E. 60th Street Chicago, IL 60637 (773) 256-6000

55 E. Monroe Street Suite 1840 Chicago, IL 60603 (312) 759-4000

1350 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Suite 500 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 223-6040

7500 Old Georgetown Road Suite 620 Bethesda, MD 20814 (301) 951-5070

2140 Shattuck Ave. Suite 307 Berkeley, CA 94704 (510) 647-3660