Authors' Guidelines for International Oaks
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INTERNATIONAL OAKS The Journal of the International Oak Society Sixth International Oak Society Conference Puebla, Mexico Issue No. 21 Spring 2010 ISSN 1941 2061 Spring 2010 International Oak Journal No. 21 1 The International Oak Society Officers and Board of Directors, 2009 Editorial Office: Membership Office: Béatrice Chassé (France), President Guy Sternberg (USA) Rudy Light (USA) Charles Snyers d'Attenhoven (Belgium), Starhill Forest 11535 East Road Vice-President 12000 Boy Scout Trail Redwood Valley, CA Jim Hitz (USA), Secretary Petersburg, IL 95470 US William Hess (USA), Treasurer 62675-9736 rudyios@pacific.net Rudy Light (USA), Membership Director e-mail: Dirk Benoît (Belgium), [email protected] Tour Committee Director Ron Allan Taylor (USA)USA) Allan Taylor (USA), Editor, Newsletter Editor, Oak News & Notes Ron Lance, Co-Editor Allen Coombes (Mexico), Development Director Guy Sternberg (USA), Editor, International Oaks Anyone interested in joining the International Oak Society or ordering information should contact the membership office or see page 200 for the membership enrollment form. Benefits include International Oaks and Oak News and Notes publications, conference discounts, and exchanges of seeds and information among members from approximately 30 nations on six continents. International Oak Society Website: http://www.internationaloaksociety.org ISSN 1941 2061 Cover photos: Front: Quercus crassipes seen during the tour in Guerrero photo©Guy Sternberg Back: Quercus rugosa, Quercus corrugata, Quercus insignis photo©Guy Sternberg 2 International Oak Journal No. 21 Spring 2010 Table of Contents Message from the President Béatrice Chassé ................................................................................................5 Oaks of Puebla Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta & Allen Coombes .................................................7 Mexican Quercus species in the Botanic Garden at Puebla University Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta, Allen Coombes, Karla Vega and Lucina Marin ...11 Introducing a Collaborative Oak Collection from North America Emily Griswold, Kunso Kim, Anthony Aiello, Guy Sternberg ........................15 Who am I this time? The affinities and misbehaviors of Hill’s oak. Andrew Hipp, Jaime Weber, and Alka Srivastava ...........................................27 New Oak Cultivars from Belgium and France Eike J. Jablonski ............................................................................................37 Some marginal populations of Holm Oak (Quercus ilex L.) in France Thierry Lamant................................................................................................45 Inventory, Use, and Distribution of Genus Quercus in La Estacada, Mexico Natividad D. Herrera Castro, Arturo Hernández Abarca, Elvia Barrera Catalán, Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta ..............................................................56 The Genetic Variability of Quercus grisea Liebm. in the Sierra Fria of Mexico José Carlos Rosas Osorio, Cecilia Alfonso Corrado, Alejandro Monsalvo Reyes, Ricardo Clark Tapia, Rafael Lira Saade, Jorge E. Campos ...............64 Xochitla Botanical Garden: The conservation of Oaks in Mexico City Olvera Maribel Rodríguez, Hernández Mónica López, González Martinez, Lorena Hilda ................................................................................................... 73 Oak Woods of Puebla Ramírez Santamaría Lilia, Villavicencio Enriquez Eneida ..........................81 The Oaks of the Mexican Bajío Silvia Romero Rangel .....................................................................................85 The Distribution of Oaks (Quercus) in Mexico and Neighbouring Countries Piers Trehane ..................................................................................................91 Notes on the Genus Quercus in Mexico Susana Valencia Avalos ................................................................................100 Spring 2010 International Oak Journal No. 21 3 Diversity of the Gall Oak (Quercus faginea Lam.) in the Iberian Peninsula Francisco M. Vázquez, María Gutiérrez & Soledad Ramos ........................121 Abstracts and Posters .........................................................................................137 A Conference Gallery .........................................................................................172 Board of Directors and Committees, 2009-2012 ................................................197 Some of those who have helped make us what we are today .............................198 Membership Enrollment Form ............................................................................200 Author’s Guidelines ...........................................................................................201 4 International Oak Journal No. 21 Spring 2010 Message from the President Mexico. A word that conjures up images of extraordinary trees: Quercus acherdophylla, Q. magnoliifolia, Q. corrugata, Q. insignis… growing in places with extraordinary names: Tlaxcala, Acaxochitlan, Zacacuautla, Huautusco… vaguely evocative, if only in their sound, of gold, chocolate, mysterious birds and fierce heavens that have ceased being. Mexico shares with only one other place in the world what appears to be an inextinguishable number of Quercus enigmas and surprises. Although understandably difficult to organize, I hope that this first IOS conference in Mexico is not the last. We have seen only a very small part of Mexican Quercus diversity, on the one hand, and, on the other, it is particularly appropriate that our Society provide a platform for Mexican researchers to present their work and make known their opinions about conservation policies and activities. I heartily encourage other plant societies to make this country their venue for field trips, conferences, etc... An undeniably essential component of the success of the IOS Conference in Mexico was Dr. Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta. Equally, but more importantly, she is an invaluable part of Mexican research and conservation efforts in general and of Quercus-related projects in particular. The International Oak Society is indebted to Maricela, her students and entire team for we now have a new quality standard by which to set our sights for future conferences. The first International Oak Society US event in 2010 will be at the UC Davis Arboretum Shield Oak Grove (2 May 2010). How fitting in light of an “oak” event that has marked the start of this new decade : the discovery by, amongst others, UC Davis researcher Jeffrey Ross-Ibarra, of the Jurupa Hills oak, a 13,000 year-old (clonal) Quercus palmeri Engelm. in Riverside County. This event is organised by Emily Griswold (UC Davis Arboretum, Horticultural Curator), who can be contacted at [email protected] to sign up for the VIP tour that is planned for IOS members. The first European event in the new year, organized by Shaun Haddock (France), will be a guided tour to Kew Gardens (London) in the summer of 2010. In Plant Hunting For Kew (HMSO, ed. F. Nigel Harper, 1989), accounts of botanic expeditions all over the world (including Mexico) remind us of the importance of visiting the world to discover and propagate the plants that are our passion. Which ones will germinate? which not? which species will produce the healthiest seedlings? what surprises await us in terms of hardiness? or frost- tenderness? For those of us growing oaks, these are the exciting things we have now to think about. Indeed, depending on the publication date of this journal, some of these questions will have been resolved and our thoughts already turned to future planting possibilities, and, of course, towards our next adventure. Béatrice Chassé Spring 2010 International Oak Journal No. 21 5 Quercus corrugata photo©Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta Quercus sebifera photo©Allen Coombes 6 International Oak Journal No. 21 Spring 2010 Oaks of Puebla Maricela Rodríguez-Acosta & Allen Coombes Herbarium and Botanic Garden, BUAP, Puebla, Mexico [email protected] Origins of the oak collection in Puebla One of the most frequent questions we are asked about oaks is why do we call them encinos in Spanish? To answer this we have to talk about encina, the Spanish name for Quercus ilex L., which comes from lecina derived from ilicina (Latin for Quercus ilex). Another question we have to answer very often is why do we like oaks, and we then talk about history, as many of them can reach a thousand years old, such as Quercus robur L. An example of this is the Majesty Oak at Fredville House, Kent, UK which currently has a 12 m circumference. Our experiences with oaks go back to 1992 when we started to propagate oaks and later on they were reintroduced in patches of a private land located in Valsequillo Valley. It was in 1995 that we were involved with a wider project, and 200,000 oaks were propagated for a government office named SEDESOL for planting in different regions in Puebla. Propagating such a number of plants in a region where water is a limiting factor was a very difficult task. It was then when we started the project to develop an oak national collection devoted to hold as many oaks species as possible. Several field trips were organized and the national collection was placed in two gardens: Louise Wardle de Camacho, the Botanic Garden at Africam Safari (LWC) and a duplicate in the Botanic Garden at the Benemerita University Autonoma de Puebla (Rodriguez- Acosta, 1995). In 1999, the oak collection held 75 Mexican species (LWC), all of them in the nursery, but unfortunately they