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Act Native Woodland Conservation Strategy and Action Plans ACT NATIVE WOODLAND CONSERVATION STRATEGY AND ACTION PLANS PART A 1 Produced by the Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development © Australian Capital Territory, Canberra 2019 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from: Director-General, Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development Directorate, ACT Government, GPO Box 158, Canberra ACT 2601. Telephone: 02 6207 1923 Website: www.planning.act.gov.au Acknowledgment to Country We wish to acknowledge the traditional custodians of the land we are meeting on, the Ngunnawal people. We wish to acknowledge and respect their continuing culture and the contribution they make to the life of this city and this region. Accessibility The ACT Government is committed to making its information, services, events and venues as accessible as possible. If you have difficulty reading a standard printed document and would like to receive this publication in an alternative format, such as large print, please phone Access Canberra on 13 22 81 or email the Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development Directorate at [email protected] If English is not your first language and you require a translating and interpreting service, please phone 13 14 50. If you are deaf, or have a speech or hearing impairment, and need the teletypewriter service, please phone 13 36 77 and ask for Access Canberra on 13 22 81. For speak and listen users, please phone 1300 555 727 and ask for Canberra Connect on 13 22 81. For more information on these services visit http://www.relayservice.com.au PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER CONTENTS VISION ............................................................................................................ 7 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 8 I. SCOPE OF THE STRATEGY ........................................................................... 8 II. OBJECTIVES OF THE STRATEGY ................................................................. 8 III. STRUCTURE OF THE STRATEGY ................................................................ 9 IV. ACTION PLANS AND CONSERVATION ADVICE ........................................... 9 V. IMPLEMENTATION ..................................................................................... 10 VI. WOODLAND COMMUNITIES IN THE ACT ................................................. 12 PART A ........................................................................................................... 17 1. PROTECT AND MANAGE WOODLAND AND COMPONENT SPECIES ......... 17 1.1 Retain and protect native woodlands ........................................................17 1.2 Reduce threats to native woodland biodiversity ......................................21 Urbanisation .....................................................................................................21 Overgrazing .......................................................................................................23 Inappropriate fire regimes .............................................................................25 Invasive plants ...................................................................................................28 Pest animals .....................................................................................................30 Dieback ...............................................................................................................33 Climate change .................................................................................................35 1.3 Enhance resilience, ecosystem function and habitat connectivity .......37 Maintain and improve woodland condition ..............................................37 Implement ecologic ally appropriate herbage mass management .......42 Enhance habitat connectivity ........................................................................45 2. COLLABORATE WITH THE COMMUNITY ................................................... 46 2.1 Promote community participation in woodland conservation .............46 Collaborate with rural landholders ...............................................................46 Support community participation and raise community awareness ...48 Enhance and promote citizen science .........................................................50 Enhance the participation of Aboriginal people ........................................51 2.2. Support sustainable recreational use of woodlands ..............................53 3. MONITORING AND RESEARCH ................................................................. 54 3.1 Monitor woodland condition ........................................................................54 Collect baseline information ..........................................................................55 3.2 Address knowledge gaps in woodland conservation .............................57 PART A 3 4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................. 60 4.1 What is a woodland? ......................................................................................60 4.2 A brief history of woodland in the ACT and surrounding region ...........60 4.3 Threatened and uncommon woodland species in the ACT ...................64 4.4 Traditional and contemporary Aboriginal values .....................................69 4.5 Woodland management plans ....................................................................69 4.6 Relevant policy and legislation ....................................................................71 4.7 Progress since the 2004 Lowland Woodland Conservation Strategy ...72 4.8 Woodland conservation and research activities in the ACT since 2004 ................................................................................................74 5. APPENDICES ............................................................................................ 80 5.1. Lowland and subalpine woodland communities in the ACT ................80 5.2. Conservation objectives identified in this Strategy ranked by conservation imperative ...................................................................83 5.3 List of acronyms ..............................................................................................94 REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 95 PART B - ACTION PLANS ............................................................................. 109 YELLOW BOX–BLAKELY’S RED GUM GRASSY WOODLAND ........................ 111 CANBERRA SPIDER ORCHID ....................................................................... 137 SCARLET ROBIN .......................................................................................... 145 SMALL PURPLE PEA .................................................................................... 161 SUPERB PARROT ........................................................................................ 171 TARENGO LEEK ORCHID ............................................................................. 191 4 ACT NATIVE WOODLAND CONSERVATION STRATEGY FIGURES Figure 1: Distribution of woodland communities across the ACT ....................13 Figure 2: Distribution of lowland woodland patches larger than 100ha in the ACT ....................................................................................................................18 Figure 3: Distribution of lowland and subalpine woodland across tenures in the ACT .........................................................................................20 Figure 4: Historic (pre 1750) and current (2018) distribution of lowland woodlands in the ACT ...........................................................................63 TABLES Table 1: Woodland communities across land tenures in the ACT ...................19 Table 2: Invasive plants present in woodlands in the ACT .................................29 Table 3: Threatened flora and fauna species found in woodlands. .................65 Table 4: Rare flora and fauna species found in woodlands in the ACT ............67 Table 5: Management Plans for areas that include woodland in the ACT .....70 BOXES Box 1: The objectives outlined in the Strategy aim to meet the ACT Government’s four key goals for woodland conservation ................................... 9 Box 2: Burning subalpine woodlands to reduce the risk of wildfire ................26 Box 3: Dingoes (Canis lupus), a controlled native species ...............................31 Box 4: Barrer Hill restoration project ....................................................................40 Box 5: Collaborative management of Stirling Park .............................................50 Box 6: Impacts on Aboriginal cultural sites within woodlands ........................52 Box 7: Canberra Ornithologists Group undertakes critical monitoring of woodland birds ..........................................................................................................55 Box 8: Mulligans Flat – Goorooyarroo Woodland Experiment ..........................58 PART A 5 6 ACT NATIVE WOODLAND CONSERVATION STRATEGY VISION The people of the ACT working together to create healthy and diverse woodlands for future generations. Native upland and lowland woodlands cover over 79 000 hectares in the ACT and have significant biodiversity, recreation and cultural values. The protection of our woodlands is critical
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