Red Shiner Cyprinella Lutrensis

red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis Kingdom: Animalia Division/Phylum: Chordata Class: Osteichthyes Order: Cypriniformes Family: Cyprinidae ILLINOIS STATUS common, native FEATURES The red shiner is a deep-bodied minnow that is com-pressed side to side. The adult averages two to three inches in length. Its dorsal fin is covered with tiny, dark specks. The back is yellow- green, and the sides are silver with blue reflections. The scales are edged in dark pigment, forming a diamond-shaped pattern on the sides. The breeding male is metallic blue, with the top of the head and all fins (except the dorsal) bright red and with a pink bar behind the pectoral fin. The life span is about three years. BEHAVIORS The red shiner lives in streams of all sizes but is most abundant in large creeks and rivers in a variety of habitats, such as pools, riffles and backwaters. Unlike many fishes, the red shiner is tolerant of high turbidity and silt. It has replaced some minnow species that cannot live in these conditions and has become more widely distributed in Illinois in the last half of the twentieth century. The red shiner lives in schools in midwater or near the surface in association with several other minnow species. Maturity is attained at an age of two to three years. Spawning occurs May through September. Eggs may be deposited over the nests of some sunfish species, on a gravel bottom or on submerged objects like tree roots or plants. The red shiner eats insects. HABITATS Aquatic Habitats rivers and streams Woodland Habitats none Prairie and Edge Habitats none .

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Endangered Species
FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
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