Volume 27, No. 1 Southeastern Conifer Quarterly March 2020
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cypress Weevil, Eudociminus Mannerheimii (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)1 Albert E
EENY-360 Cypress Weevil, Eudociminus mannerheimii (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)1 Albert E. Mayfield, III2 Introduction The cypress weevil, Eudociminus mannerheimii (Boheman), is a native insect that breeds primarily in scarred, weak- ened, or fallen bald cypress (Taxodium distichum [L.] L.C. Rich) and pond cypress (T. ascendens Brongn.). In Florida, adult feeding has caused limited wounding and girdling of pond cypress stump sprouts and planted seedlings. Small diameter bald cypress nursery stock has also been damaged by larvae tunneling through the main stem and root collar. Apart from entries in species checklists and catalogs, published information about the cypress weevil is extremely limited (Hopkins 1904, Blatchley and Leng 1916, Baker and Bambara 1999). Although the cypress weevil has not been a frequent pest of major economic importance, its occasional damage should be recognized, and the lack of information regarding its biology, potential hosts, and management, warrants further research. Figure 1. Adult cypress weevil, Eudociminus mannerheimii (Boheman), dorsal view. Distribution Credits: Lyle Buss, University of Florida The cypress weevil is reported to range from New York to Florida and Louisiana (AL, DC, FL, GA, LA, MS, NC, NJ, NY) (O’Brien and Wimber 1982). In Florida, it has Description been collected as far south as Broward County, as well as Adult: 10.5 to 17.0 mm long; black, covered with thick, throughout central and western Florida (Peck and Thomas small, brown and tan scales; thorax slightly wider at base 1998). The cypress weevil has also been collected in central than long; sides (and sometimes top) of thorax striped Mexico (Jones et al. -
Diversifying Tree Choices for a Shadier Future
Diversifying Tree Choices for a Shadier Future Adam Black Director, Peckerwood Garden Hempstead TX With special cameo appearance by Dr. David Creech Dr. David Creech Who is this guy? • Former horticulturist at Kanapaha Botanial Gardens, Gainesville FL • Managed Forest Pathology and Forest Entomology labs at University of Florida • Former co-owner of Xenoflora LLC (rare plant mail- order nursery) • Current Director of Peckerwood Garden, Hempstead, Texas Tree Diversity in Landscapes Advantages of diverse tree assemblages • Include many plant families attracts biodiversity (pollinators, predators, etc) that all together reduce pest problems • Diversity means loss is minimal if a new disease targets a particular genus. • Generate excitement and improve aesthetics • Use of locally adapted forms over mainstream selections from distant locations • Adaptations for specific conditions (salt, alkalinity, etc) • If mass plantings are necessary, use seed grown plants for genetic diversity rather than clonally propagated selections Disadvantages of diverse tree assmeblages • Hard to find among the standard issue trees available locally • Hard to convince nurseries to try something new • Initial trialing of new material, many failures among the winners • A disadvantage in some cases – non-native counterparts may be superior to natives. Diseases: • Dutch Elm Disease (Ulmus americana) • Emerald Ash Borer (Fraxinus spp.) • Laurel Wilt (Persea, Sassafras, Lindera, etc) • Crepe Myrtle Bark Scale (Lagerstroemia spp.) • Next? Quercus virginiana Quercus fusiformis Quercus fusiformis Weeping form Quercus virginiana ‘Grandview Gold’ Quercus nigra Variegated Quercus tarahumara Quercus crassifolia Quercus sp. San Carlos Mtns Quercus tarahumara Quercus laeta Quercus polymorpha Quercus germana There is one in the auction! Quercus rysophylla Quercus sinuata var. sinuata Quercus imbricaria (southern forms) Quercus glauca Quercus acutus Quercus schottkyana Quercus marlipoensis Lithocarpus edulis ‘Starburst’ Lithocarpus henryi Lithocarpus kawakamii Platanus rzedowski incorrectly offered as P. -
Evaluation of Selected Provenances of Taxodium Distichum For
EVALUATION OF SELECTED PROVENANCES OF TAXODIUM DISTICHUM FOR DROUGHT, ALKALINITY AND SALINITY TOLERANCE A Dissertation by GEOFFREY CARLILE DENNY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2007 Major Subject: Horticulture EVALUATION OF SELECTED PROVENANCES OF TAXODIUM DISTICHUM FOR DROUGHT, ALKALINITY AND SALINITY TOLERANCE A Dissertation by GEOFFREY CARLILE DENNY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Michael A. Arnold Committee Members, Leonardo Lombardini Wayne A. Mackay W. Todd Watson Head of Department, Tim D. Davis May 2007 Major Subject: Horticulture iii ABSTRACT Evaluation of Selected Provenances of Taxodium distichum for Drought, Alkalinity and Salinity Tolerance. (May 2007) Geoffrey Carlile Denny, B.S., Texas A&M University; M.A., The University of Texas Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Michael A. Arnold Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. is a widely adaptable, long-lived tree species for landscape use. It is tolerant of substantial soil salt levels, but tends to defoliate in periods of extended or severe drought, when leaves come into contact with salty irrigation water, and tends to develop chlorosis on high pH soils. The purpose of this research was to identify provenances which may yield genotypes tolerant of these stresses. The appropriate name for baldcypress is Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich. var. distichum, for pondcypress is T. distichum var. imbricarium (Nutt.) Croom, and for Montezuma cypress is T. distichum var. -
Getting Started with BRAHMS V8 BOTANIC GARDENS
Getting started with BRAHMS v8 BOTANIC GARDENS Updated May 2019 This introductory guide focuses on general topics such as opening and docking data tables, using forms, sorting, lookups, defining data views, querying, exporting, and a selection of mapping and reporting features. No previous experience with BRAHMS is expected. The BRAHMS manual, available to licenced users, covers all aspects of system operation including administration, configuration, connections to data stores, import and export, Rapid Data Entry, editing, report design, image management and mapping. If you have not installed BRAHMS or connected to a database, refer to the Annex sections. For licensing enquiries, contact [email protected] For an evaluation version, visit https://herbaria.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/brahms/evaluations BRAHMS © Copyright, University of Oxford, 2019. All Rights Reserved CONTENTS BRAHMS VERSION 8 .......................................................................................................................................3 BUILDING A DATABASE FOR BOTANIC GARDENS ............................................................................................5 SPECIES, GARDENS, HERBARIA AND SEED BANKS ...........................................................................................7 LOGGING IN TO THE DEMO DATABASE ......................................................................................................... 12 TASK 1: SET SYSTEM BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................. -
Disturbances Influence Trait Evolution in Pinus
Master's Thesis Diversify or specialize: Disturbances influence trait evolution in Pinus Supervision by: Prof. Dr. Elena Conti & Dr. Niklaus E. Zimmermann University of Zurich, Institute of Systematic Botany & Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Landscape Dynamics Bianca Saladin October 2013 Front page: Forest of Pinus taeda, northern Florida, 1/2013 Table of content 1 STRONG PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL IN PINE TRAITS 5 1.1 ABSTRACT 5 1.2 INTRODUCTION 5 1.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 8 1.3.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 8 1.3.2 TRAIT DATA 9 1.3.3 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 9 1.4 RESULTS 11 1.4.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 11 1.4.2 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 12 1.5 DISCUSSION 14 1.5.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 14 1.5.2 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 16 1.6 CONCLUSION 17 1.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 17 1.8 REFERENCES 19 2 THE ROLE OF FIRE IN TRIGGERING DIVERSIFICATION RATES IN PINE SPECIES 21 2.1 ABSTRACT 21 2.2 INTRODUCTION 21 2.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 24 2.3.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 24 2.3.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE 24 2.4 RESULTS 25 2.4.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 25 2.4.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE 25 2.5 DISCUSSION 29 2.5.1 DIVERSIFICATION RATE IN RESPONSE TO FIRE ADAPTATIONS 29 2.5.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE IN RESPONSE TO DISTURBANCE, STRESS AND PLEIOTROPIC COSTS 30 2.5.3 CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE ANALYSIS PATHWAY 33 2.5.4 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 34 2.6 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK 34 2.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 35 2.8 REFERENCES 36 3 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 39 3.1 S1 - ACCESSION NUMBERS OF GENE SEQUENCES 40 3.2 S2 - TRAIT DATABASE 44 3.3 S3 - SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MAPS 58 3.4 S4 - DISTRIBUTION OF TRAITS OVER PHYLOGENY 81 3.5 S5 - PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL OF 19 BIOCLIM VARIABLES 84 3.6 S6 – COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES 85 2 Introduction to the Master's thesis The aim of my master's thesis was to assess trait and niche evolution in pines within a phylogenetic comparative framework. -
Number 3, Spring 1998 Director’S Letter
Planning and planting for a better world Friends of the JC Raulston Arboretum Newsletter Number 3, Spring 1998 Director’s Letter Spring greetings from the JC Raulston Arboretum! This garden- ing season is in full swing, and the Arboretum is the place to be. Emergence is the word! Flowers and foliage are emerging every- where. We had a magnificent late winter and early spring. The Cornus mas ‘Spring Glow’ located in the paradise garden was exquisite this year. The bright yellow flowers are bright and persistent, and the Students from a Wake Tech Community College Photography Class find exfoliating bark and attractive habit plenty to photograph on a February day in the Arboretum. make it a winner. It’s no wonder that JC was so excited about this done soon. Make sure you check of themselves than is expected to seedling selection from the field out many of the special gardens in keep things moving forward. I, for nursery. We are looking to propa- the Arboretum. Our volunteer one, am thankful for each and every gate numerous plants this spring in curators are busy planting and one of them. hopes of getting it into the trade. preparing those gardens for The magnolias were looking another season. Many thanks to all Lastly, when you visit the garden I fantastic until we had three days in our volunteers who work so very would challenge you to find the a row of temperatures in the low hard in the garden. It shows! Euscaphis japonicus. We had a twenties. There was plenty of Another reminder — from April to beautiful seven-foot specimen tree damage to open flowers, but the October, on Sunday’s at 2:00 p.m. -
Fables and Foibles of the Coexistence Approach
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/016378; this version posted March 10, 2015. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Grimm et al.; Fables and Foibles of the Coexistence Approach Fables and foibles: a critical analysis of the Palaeoflora database and the Coexistence approach for palaeoclimate reconstruction Guido W. Grimm1,*, Johannes M. Bouchal1,2, Thomas Denk2, Alastair J. Potts3 1 University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Wien; [email protected] 2 Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Stockholm 3 Nelson-Mandela Metropolitan University, Botany Department, Port Elizabeth * Corresponding author 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/016378; this version posted March 10, 2015. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. Grimm et al.; Fables and Foibles of the Coexistence Approach Abstract The “Coexistence Approach” is a mutual climate range (MCR) technique combined with the nearest-living relative (NLR) concept. It has been widely used for palaeoclimate reconstructions based on Eurasian plant fossil assemblages, most of them palynofloras (studied using light microscopy). The results have been surprisingly uniform, typically converging to subtropical, per-humid or monsoonal conditions. Studies based on the coexistence approach have had a marked impact in literature, generating over 10,000 citations thus far. -
Supporting Information
Supporting Information Mao et al. 10.1073/pnas.1114319109 SI Text BEAST Analyses. In addition to a BEAST analysis that used uniform Selection of Fossil Taxa and Their Phylogenetic Positions. The in- prior distributions for all calibrations (run 1; 144-taxon dataset, tegration of fossil calibrations is the most critical step in molecular calibrations as in Table S4), we performed eight additional dating (1, 2). We only used the fossil taxa with ovulate cones that analyses to explore factors affecting estimates of divergence could be assigned unambiguously to the extant groups (Table S4). time (Fig. S3). The exact phylogenetic position of fossils used to calibrate the First, to test the effect of calibration point P, which is close to molecular clocks was determined using the total-evidence analy- the root node and is the only functional hard maximum constraint ses (following refs. 3−5). Cordaixylon iowensis was not included in in BEAST runs using uniform priors, we carried out three runs the analyses because its assignment to the crown Acrogymno- with calibrations A through O (Table S4), and calibration P set to spermae already is supported by previous cladistic analyses (also [306.2, 351.7] (run 2), [306.2, 336.5] (run 3), and [306.2, 321.4] using the total-evidence approach) (6). Two data matrices were (run 4). The age estimates obtained in runs 2, 3, and 4 largely compiled. Matrix A comprised Ginkgo biloba, 12 living repre- overlapped with those from run 1 (Fig. S3). Second, we carried out two runs with different subsets of sentatives from each conifer family, and three fossils taxa related fi to Pinaceae and Araucariaceae (16 taxa in total; Fig. -
Propagation of Taxodium Mucronatum from Softwood Cuttings
Propogation of Taxosium mucronatum from Softwood Cuttings Item Type Article Authors St. Hilaire, Rolston Publisher University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Journal Desert Plants Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 25/09/2021 03:23:49 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555909 Taxodium St. Hilaire 29 Propagation of Taxodium softwood cuttings could be used to propagate Mexican bald cypress. mucronatum from Terminal softwood cuttings were collected on 16 October Softwood Cuttings 1998 and 1999. Cuttings were selected from the lower branches of an 11-year-old tree at New Mexico State University's Fabian Garcia Science Center in Las Cruces Rolston St. Hilaire1 (lat. 32° 16' 48" N; long. 106° 45' 18" W), from all branches Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Box of a 2-year-old tree at an arboretum in Los Lunas, New Mexico (lat. 34° 48' 18" N; long. 106° 43' 42" W), and 30003, New Mexico State University, from all branches of a 2-year-old tree in the display Las Cruces, NM 88003 landscape of a nursery in Los Lunas. Plants of T. mucronatum grow rapidly. The 11-year-old tree was 12m Abstract tall (::::50 main branches), and the 2-year-old trees had Mexican bald cypress (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.) is reached 2 m (:::: 15 main branches). This facilitated the propagated from seed, but procedures have not been reported collection of at least 30 terminal cuttings per tree in each of for the propagation of this ornamental tree by stem cuttings. the two years. All trees were irrigated as necessary, but not This study evaluated the use of softwood cuttings to fertilized. -
(12) United States Plant Patent (10) Patent No.: US PP17,767 P3 Zengji Et Al
USOOPP17767P3 (12) United States Plant Patent (10) Patent No.: US PP17,767 P3 Zengji et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 29, 2007 (54) XTAXODIOMERIA PEIZHONGII TREE (56) References Cited NAMED DONGFANGSHAN PUBLICATIONS (50) Latin Name: xTaxodiomera peizhongi Zhang et al. The characteristics and ecological value of Varietal Denomination: Dongfangshan Taxodium mucronatumxCryptomeria, Jul. 2003. Acta Agri culturae Shanghai, vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 56–59.* (75) Inventors: Ye Zengji, Shanghai (CN); Shen * cited by examiner Lieying, Shanghai (CN); Pan Shihua, Shanghai (CN); Zhu Weijie, Shanghai Primary Examiner Kent Bell Assistant Examiner June Hwu (CN); Niu Huijuan, Shanghai (CN) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Armstrong Teasdale LLP (73) Assignee: Shanghai Forestry Station, Shanghai (57) ABSTRACT (CN) XTaxodiomeria peizhongii is a distinct and new above (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this ground nontubular propagated cultivar comprising a tall patent is extended or adjusted under 35 semi-indeciduous arbor tree providing a high view. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. XTaxodiomeria peizhongii is well Suited for afforestation in the city and has many good properties such as fast growth, (21) Appl. No.: 10/941,465 wide adaptability and strong stress resistance. Its main characteristics include: (1) its base of stem is round and (22) Filed: Sep. 15, 2004 regular without buttress roots; (2) its bark cracks into flakes; (3) there are several main crotches five to eight meters above (65) Prior Publication Data ground, and its canopy is nearly elliptic shape; (4) there are US 2006/0059593 P1 Mar. 16, 2006 only male conglobate flower and no female conglobate fruit on the adult tree, and it cannot reproduce with sexual (51) Int. -
Riparian Ecosystems in Mexico: Current Status and Future Direction 1
This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Riparian Ecosystems in Mexico: Current Status and Future Direction 1 Miguel Caballero Deloya 2 An increasing population dependent on subsistence agriculture threatens the future of Mexico's ext~nsive riparian ecosystems. If these strategic ecosystems are to survive to provide goods and services for future generations, both the Meltican government and society :is a whole must be involved in an effort to: (1) evaluate present conditions, including causes of habitat destruction; and (2) generate specific legislation to establish reforestation programs and protective measure~. INTRODUCTION TYPES OF MEXICAN RIPARIAN ECOSYST~MS Mexico is a nation covered by numerous The remarkable variation in climate, altitude, mountain ranges. The most important are: Western and soils, has provided for a notable diversity of Sierra Madre, Eje Neovolcanico, Eastern Sierra riparian habitats in Mexico. For the purposes of Madre, and Southern Sierra Madre. Many other this discussion, only three major types are smaller mountain systems are scattered over the considered: arid-land, high-altitude, and Mexican geography. Several peaks have elevations tropical riparian ecosystems. above 4,000 m (12,000 ft). Arid-Land Riparian Ecosystems Such a wide orographic diversity has favored the existence of abundant riparian ecosystems. From a broad perspective, Mexico is an arid According to Tamayo (1962) there are 172 major nation. The Mexican National Forest Inventory water courses in Mexico. Half of them (86) flow provides an estimate of 67.44 million hectares of to the Pacific Ocean. In all of them, an average arid and semi-arid lands in the country volume of 375 billion cubic meters of water flow (Subsecretaria Forestal. -
Morphology and Morphogenesis of the Seed Cones of the Cupressaceae - Part I Cunninghamioideae, Athrotaxoideae, Taiwanioideae, Sequoioideae, Taxodioideae
1 2 Bull. CCP 3 (3): 117-136. (12.2014) A. Jagel & V.M. Dörken Morphology and morphogenesis of the seed cones of the Cupressaceae - part I Cunninghamioideae, Athrotaxoideae, Taiwanioideae, Sequoioideae, Taxodioideae Summary Seed cone morphology of the basal Cupressaceae (Cunninghamia, Athrotaxis, Taiwania, Metasequoia, Sequoia, Sequoiadendron, Cryptomeria, Glyptostrobus and Taxodium) is presented at pollination time and at maturity. These genera are named here taxodiaceous Cupressaceae (= the former family Taxodiaceae, except for Sciadopitys). Some close relationships exist between genera within the Sequoioideae and Taxodioideae. Seed cones of taxodiaceous Cupressaceae consist of several bract-/seed scale-complexes. The cone scales represent aggregation of both scale types on different levels of connation. Within Cunninghamia and Athrotaxis the bulges growing out of the cone scales represents the distal tip of the seed scale, which has been fused recaulescent with the adaxial part of the bract scale. In Athrotaxis a second bulge, emerging on the distal part of the cone scale, closes the cone. This bulge is part of the bract scale. Related conditions are found in the seed cones of Taiwania and Sequoioideae, but within these taxa bract- and seed scales are completely fused with each other so that vegetative parts of the seed scale are not recognizable. The ovules represent the only visible part of the seed scale. Within taxodiaceous Cupressaceae the number of ovules is increased compared to taxa of other conifer families. It is developed most distinctly within the Sequoioideae, where furthermore more than one row of ovules appears. The rows develop centrifugally and can be interpreted as short-shoots which are completely reduced to the ovules in the sense of ascending accessory shoots.