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Scott Herring, Series Editor
ABNORMATIVITIES: QUEER/GENDER/EMBODIMENT Scott Herring, Series Editor PREVENTION GENDER, SEXUALITY, HIV, AND THE MEDIA IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE CHRISTINE CYNN THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS COLUMBUS This edition licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivs License. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Control Number: 2018020066 Cover image: Aboudia. Untitled, 2013. Acrylic and mixed media on canvas, 198 x 124 cm (00557). Image courtesy Jack Bell Gallery, London. Cover design by Susan Zucker Text design by Juliet Williams Type set in Adobe Minion Pro The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48-1992. CONTENTS List of Illustrations vi Acknowledgments ix INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 AIDS as an “Imaginary Syndrome”: Humor as Negotiation of Racism, Austerity, and the Single-Party State 18 CHAPTER 2 Popular Satiric State Television Programs and HIV Prevention 50 CHAPTER 3 Regulating Female Reproductive Potential: Abortion and Family as HIV Prevention 95 CHAPTER 4 The Melodrama and the Social Marketing of HIV Prevention 138 CHAPTER 5 “Stay away from unhealthy places”: Sex Work, Condoms, and the NGO 169 AFTERWORD 203 Bibliography 209 Index 229 ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1.1 Sketch of “Moussa” 28 FIGURE 1.2 AIDS is there . IT KILLS 46 FIGURE 1.3 Ivorian athlete Gabriel Tiacoh 47 FIGURE 1.4 Emaciated bodies as index of the truth of AIDS 48 FIGURE 1.5 Television spot: “AIDS is not a joke. -
University of Cape Town 2019 University
EXAMINING THE IMPEDIMENTS TO CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN WEST AFRICA: A STUDY OF THE ECOWAS INTERVENTIONS IN LIBERIA (1990) AND COTE D’IVOIRE (2010). Town Emmanuel Ampomah (AMPEMM001) A minor dissertation submitted in partial fulfilmentCape of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Socialof Science in International Relations Faculty of the Humanities University of Cape Town 2019 University Supervisor Associate Professor John Akokpari i The copyright of this thesis vests inTown the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes Capeonly. of Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University COMPULSORY DECLARATION This work has not been previously submitted in whole, or in part, for the award of any degree. It is my own work. Each significant contribution to, and quotation in, this dissertation from the work, or works, of other people has been attributed, and has been cited and referenced. Signature: Date: 22 July 2019 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe a depth of gratitude to the underlisted individuals and organizations for their immense contributions towards my academic work and personal development: To Associate Professor John Akokpari, thank you for the advice, support and guidance throughout the conceptualization and writing of this piece, To the Mastercard Foundation, I am extremely grateful for your support throughout my academic journey at the University of Cape Town, To my family, especially Ebenezer and Grace Ampomah, you ignite hope in me every day, To Danielle Nkau, I can’t thank you enough for your support and concern. -
Côte D'ivoire
CÔTE D’IVOIRE COI Compilation August 2017 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa - RSD Unit UNHCR Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire COI Compilation August 2017 This report collates country of origin information (COI) on Côte d’Ivoire up to 15 August 2017 on issues of relevance in refugee status determination for Ivorian nationals. The report is based on publicly available information, studies and commentaries. It is illustrative, but is neither exhaustive of information available in the public domain nor intended to be a general report on human-rights conditions. The report is not conclusive as to the merits of any individual refugee claim. All sources are cited and fully referenced. Users should refer to the full text of documents cited and assess the credibility, relevance and timeliness of source material with reference to the specific research concerns arising from individual applications. UNHCR Regional Representation for West Africa Immeuble FAALO Almadies, Route du King Fahd Palace Dakar, Senegal - BP 3125 Phone: +221 33 867 62 07 Kora.unhcr.org - www.unhcr.org Table of Contents List of Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. 4 1 General Information ....................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Historical background ............................................................................................ -
Sierra Leone
SIERRA LEONE 350 Fifth Ave 34 th Floor New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 http://www.hrw.org (212) 290-4700 Vol. 15, No. 1 (A) – January 2003 I was captured together with my husband, my three young children and other civilians as we were fleeing from the RUF when they entered Jaiweii. Two rebels asked to have sex with me but when I refused, they beat me with the butt of their guns. My legs were bruised and I lost my three front teeth. Then the two rebels raped me in front of my children and other civilians. Many other women were raped in public places. I also heard of a woman from Kalu village near Jaiweii being raped only one week after having given birth. The RUF stayed in Jaiweii village for four months and I was raped by three other wicked rebels throughout this A woman receives psychological and medical treatment in a clinic to assist rape period. victims in Freetown. In January 1999, she was gang-raped by seven revels in her village in northern Sierra Leone. After raping her, the rebels tied her down and placed burning charcoal on her body. (c) 1999 Corinne Dufka/Human Rights -Testimony to Human Rights Watch Watch “WE’LL KILL YOU IF YOU CRY” SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN THE SIERRA LEONE CONFLICT 1630 Connecticut Ave, N.W., Suite 500 2nd Floor, 2-12 Pentonville Road 15 Rue Van Campenhout Washington, DC 20009 London N1 9HF, UK 1000 Brussels, Belgium TEL (202) 612-4321 TEL: (44 20) 7713 1995 TEL (32 2) 732-2009 FAX (202) 612-4333 FAX: (44 20) 7713 1800 FAX (32 2) 732-0471 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] January 2003 Vol. -
Nigeria: Vigilante Violence in the South and South-East
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION: Government responsibility in vigilante violence .................................. 1 2. VIGILANTE PHENOMENON IN NIGERIA:.................................................................... 3 2.1. Traditional concept of vigilante groups in Nigeria .................................................... 3 2.2. Vigilante groups today .................................................................................................. 3 2.3. Endorsement of armed vigilante groups by state governments ................................ 5 3. OFFICIAL ENDORSEMENT OF ARMED VIGILANTE GROUPS IN THE SOUTH- EAST: THE BAKASSI BOYS ........................................................................................ 6 3.1. Anambra State Vigilante Service (AVS) ..................................................................... 7 3.2. Abia State Vigilante Service (AVS) ........................................................................... 12 3.3. Imo State Vigilante Service (IVS) .............................................................................. 13 3.4. Other vigilante groups in the south ........................................................................... 14 3.4.1. Ethnic armed vigilante groups................................................................................ 14 3.4.2. The O’odua Peoples Congress (OPC) .................................................................... 16 4. VIGILANTE VIOLENCE IN VIEW OF FORTHCOMING ELECTIONS ...................... 17 5. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................... -
Juju and Justice at the Movies: Vigilantes in Nigerian Popular Videos John C
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by OpenSIUC Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Publications Department of Anthropology 12-2004 Juju and Justice at the Movies: Vigilantes in Nigerian Popular Videos John C. McCall Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/anthro_pubs Recommended Citation McCall, John C. "Juju and Justice at the Movies: Vigilantes in Nigerian Popular Videos." African Studies Review 47, No. 3 (Dec 2004): 51-67. doi:10.1017/S0002020600030444. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This article was published as: Juju and Justice at the Movies: Vigilantes in Nigerian Popular Videos. African Studies Review, Vol. 47, No. 3 (Dec., 2004), pp. 51-67. Juju and Justice at the Movies: Vigilantes in Nigerian Popular Videos John C. McCall Associate Professor of Anthropology Mailcode 4502 Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL 62901-4502 618-453-5010 [email protected] Acknowledgements This research was made possible by a Fulbright-Hays Faculty Research Abroad Fellowship (2002), a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (2000), and a Southern Illinois University Summer Fellowship (2000). I am grateful to the many Nigerians who assisted me in this project. Special recognition must be given to Kabat Esosa Egbon, Anayo Enechukwu, the late Victor Nwankwo, and Ibe Nwosu Kalu. I am especially grateful to my friend and colleague Christey Carwile who assisted in many aspects of this research. -
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’S Enduring Insurgency
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Editor: Jacob Zenn Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Jacob Zenn (Editor) Abdulbasit Kassim Elizabeth Pearson Atta Barkindo Idayat Hassan Zacharias Pieri Omar Mahmoud Combating Terrorism Center at West Point United States Military Academy www.ctc.usma.edu The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. May 2018 Cover Photo: A group of Boko Haram fighters line up in this still taken from a propaganda video dated March 31, 2016. COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Director The editor thanks colleagues at the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (CTC), all of whom supported this endeavor by proposing the idea to carry out a LTC Bryan Price, Ph.D. report on Boko Haram and working with the editor and contributors to see the Deputy Director project to its rightful end. In this regard, I thank especially Brian Dodwell, Dan- iel Milton, Jason Warner, Kristina Hummel, and Larisa Baste, who all directly Brian Dodwell collaborated on the report. I also thank the two peer reviewers, Brandon Kend- hammer and Matthew Page, for their input and valuable feedback without which Research Director we could not have completed this project up to such a high standard. There were Dr. Daniel Milton numerous other leaders and experts at the CTC who assisted with this project behind-the-scenes, and I thank them, too. Distinguished Chair Most importantly, we would like to dedicate this volume to all those whose lives LTG (Ret) Dell Dailey have been afected by conflict and to those who have devoted their lives to seeking Class of 1987 Senior Fellow peace and justice. -
Why European Timber Company DLH Should Be Held to Account for Profiting from Liberian Conflict Timber
BANKROLLING BRUTALITY Why European timber company DLH should be held to account for profiting from Liberian conflict timber A REPORT BY GLOBAL WITNESS 2010 COVER: OTC logs to DLH awaiting export from Liberia, 2001 Credit: Global Witness CONTENTS THE ALLEGATIONS 2 HISTORY OF LIBERIa 3 The First Liberian Civil War (1989–1996) 3 The Second Liberian Civil War (1999–2003) 3 Post Civil War 4 REVENUE FROM TIMBER USED TO FUND THE CONFLICT 5 Liberian timber imported into France by European timber companies 5 KEY ACTORS AND COMPANIES IN LIBERIA’s TIMBER INDUSTRY FROM 1999-2003 6 Charles Taylor 6 Gus Kouwenhoven and the Oriental Timber Corporation (OTC) 6 Mohammed Salamé and the Mohammed Group of Companies (MGC) 7 Abbas Fawaz and the Maryland Wood Processing Industries (MWPI) 7 Oscar Cooper and the Inland Logging Company (ILC) 7 Demetrius B. Taylor 7 Charles “Chuckie” Taylor, Jr 7 THE DEFENDANT(S) 8 Dalhoff, Larsen, Horneman (DLH) 8 THE COMPLAINANTS 9 Global Witness 9 Sherpa 9 Greenpeace 9 Amis de la Terre 10 Alfred Brownell 10 2 | GLOBAL WITNESS FEBRUARY 2010 Global Witness and Sherpa, with Greenpeace France, Amis de la Terre and a prominent Liberian activist lodged a legal complaint before the Public Prosecutor at the Court of Nantes (France) against the French company DLH France, part of the Dalhoff, Larsen, Horneman Group (DLH), one of the world’s leading international timber and wood products wholesalers.1 THE ALLEGATIONS The complainants have evidence that and divert public scrutiny of its Liberian between 2001-2003, DLH purchased, purchasing and importation practices in imported into France and distributed order to make profits. -
Adult Authority, Social Conflict, and Youth Survival Strategies in Post Civil War Liberia
‘Listen, Politics is not for Children:’ Adult Authority, Social Conflict, and Youth Survival Strategies in Post Civil War Liberia. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Henryatta Louise Ballah Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Drs. Ousman Kobo, Advisor Antoinette Errante Ahmad Sikianga i Copyright by Henryatta Louise Ballah 2012 ii Abstract This dissertation explores the historical causes of the Liberian civil war (1989- 2003), with a keen attention to the history of Liberian youth, since the beginning of the Republic in 1847. I carefully analyzed youth engagements in social and political change throughout the country’s history, including the ways by which the civil war impacted the youth and inspired them to create new social and economic spaces for themselves. As will be demonstrated in various chapters, despite their marginalization by the state, the youth have played a crucial role in the quest for democratization in the country, especially since the 1960s. I place my analysis of the youth in deep societal structures related to Liberia’s colonial past and neo-colonial status, as well as the impact of external factors, such as the financial and military support the regime of Samuel Doe received from the United States during the cold war and the influence of other African nations. I emphasize that the socio-economic and political policies implemented by the Americo- Liberians (freed slaves from the U.S.) who settled in the country beginning in 1822, helped lay the foundation for the civil war. -
Profile of Internal Displacement : Sierra Leone
PROFILE OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT : SIERRA LEONE Compilation of the information available in the Global IDP Database of the Norwegian Refugee Council (as of 15 October, 2003) Also available at http://www.idpproject.org Users of this document are welcome to credit the Global IDP Database for the collection of information. The opinions expressed here are those of the sources and are not necessarily shared by the Global IDP Project or NRC Norwegian Refugee Council/Global IDP Project Chemin Moïse Duboule, 59 1209 Geneva - Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 799 07 00 Fax: + 41 22 799 07 01 E-mail : [email protected] CONTENTS CONTENTS 1 PROFILE SUMMARY 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 CAUSES AND BACKGROUND OF DISPLACEMENT 9 BACKGROUND TO THE CONFLICT 9 CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS SINCE INDEPENDENCE (1961 - 2000) 9 HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF THE FIRST EIGHT YEARS OF CONFLICT (1991-1998) 13 CONTINUED CONFLICT DESPITE THE SIGNING OF THE LOME PEACE AGREEMENT (JULY 1999-MAY 2000) 16 PEACE PROCESS DERAILED AS SECURITY SITUATION WORSENED DRAMATICALLY IN MAY 2000 18 RELATIVELY STABLE SECURITY SITUATION SINCE SIGNING OF CEASE-FIRE AGREEMENT IN ABUJA ON 10 NOVEMBER 2000 20 CIVIL WAR DECLARED OVER FOLLOWING THE FULL DEPLOYMENT OF UNAMSIL AND THE COMPLETION OF DISARMAMENT (JANUARY 2002) 22 REGIONAL EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN PEACE IN SIERRA LEONE (2002) 23 SIERRA LEONEANS GO TO THE POLLS TO RE-ELECT AHMAD TEJAN KABBAH AS PRESIDENT (MAY 2002) 24 SIERRA LEONE’S SPECIAL COURT AND TRUTH AND RECONCILIATION COMMISSION START WORK (2002-2003) 25 MAIN CAUSES OF DISPLACEMENT 28 COUNTRYWIDE DISPLACEMENT -
Democratic Republic of Congo Crisis: an Assessment of African Union's Principle of Non-Indiference
European Scientific Journal August 2015 edition vol.11, No.22 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO CRISIS: AN ASSESSMENT OF AFRICAN UNION'S PRINCIPLE OF NON-INDIFERENCE. John Danfulani,PhD Department of Political Science, Kaduna State University- Nigeria Abstract Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has a troubling history of civil wars since gaining political independence from Belgium in 1960. All DRC's civil wars had external dimensions who got involved to either defend ideological client or protect economic or strategic interests. The 1998 unsuccessful attempt to oust President Laurent Kabila attracted two blocks of opposing multi-national forces into DRC. It was an instance of interference in internal affairs of DRC by neighbouring states and their allies. The status of pro-Kinsasha forces was clear in international law because they were invited by a legitimate government. While that of anti-Kinsasha group cannot be situated within the ambit of any international law hence making their presence in DRC at the time of the civil war illegitimate. Activities of anti-Kabila forces were not covered by AU's July 2000 principle of non- indifference. Interference by foreign forces on the side of the rebel was a brazen act of aggression and flagrant disrespect for the territorial integrity of DRC. AU must act to safeguard abuse of the non-indifference clause by member states and stiffer sanctions imposed on belligerent actors. Their involvement prolonged the civil war and caused collapse of every state institution in DRC. Keywords: AU, Non-indifference, Aggression, Sanction, Territorial integrity Introduction Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is one political entity in continental Africa with a troubling history of many civil wars and sundry forms of skirmishes with disastrous internal and trans-borders consequences. -
French Foreign Aid Policies in Côte D'ivoire
French foreign aid policies in Côte d’Ivoire: a continuance of colonial legacies and a cause for the Ivorian state’s legitimacy deficit During and after the First Ivorian Civil War and the Second Ivorian Civil War Name: Anke Besseling Student number: 11013729 Course: Foreign Aid, Development and the Politics of Legitimation in Africa Readers: Dr. Michael Onyebuchi Eze & dr. Sebastian Krapohl Date: 24 June 2019 Word count: 8714 words Source: Ballouhey 2010. Table of contents Introduction 3 Literature review 5 Theoretical framework 8 Methodology 13 Data: case description of Côte d’Ivoire 14 Analysis 18 Conclusion 23 Bibliography 24 2 Introduction The cartoon from 2010 on the title page of this thesis represents French president Nicolas Sarkozy choosing between two Ivorian ‘products’: presidential candidates Laurent Gbagbo and Alassane Ouattara. France indeed chose one of the two ‘products’: that is, France chose to support Ouattara over Gbagbo. France even helped Ouattara’s forces to arrest Gbagbo on 11 April in 2011. As a result, Ouattara became president of Côte d’Ivoire in 2011. ‘Le France Afrique march encore…’ stands for unequal and exploitative economic relationships between France and (former) French African colonies, which are assumed to still be in place. The term France Afrique was first used in 1955 by the former president of Côte d’Ivoire, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to describe these ‘good’ economic relationships. That is to say, the France Afrique community received a privileged economic status in France and Europe, France protected African regimes, offered aid packages and supplied African elite leaders with European consumer goods (Bovcon 2009: 283 – 284).