DOCSLIB.ORG

<I>Spizaetus Tyrannus</I>

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
<I>Spizaetus Tyrannus</I> J. RaptorRes. 27(2):121-122 ¸ 1993 The Raptor ResearchFoundation, Inc. NEST RECORD AND DIETARY ITEMS FOR THE BLACK HAWK-EAGLE (Spizaetustyrannus) FROM THE YUC,•T,•NPENINSULA J. LuIs RANGEL-SALAZAR Departamentode EcologfaTerrestre, Centro de Investigacionesde QuintanaRoD, ApdoPostal d2d, 77000 Chetumal,Quintana RoD, Mgxico PAULA L. ENRIQUEZ-ROCHA ApdoPostal d-071, 06dO0Mgxico, D.F., Mgxico Most large tropical raptors are poorly known, partic- breasthigh of 1.94 m and foliagebeginning at 9.2 m. The ularly thosespecies that inhabit New World tropicalfor- nest was 17.2 m above the ground and had the following ests.We believethat the continuingdecline of raptor pop- dimensions:outer diameter = 0.70 m, outer depth = 0.66 ulationsin tropical forestsis due to habitat loss,shooting, m, bowl diameter = 0.4 m, and bowl depth ranged from 5.1-7.6 cm. An immature bird was seen on 8 March close trade, pesticideuse, and exoticcompetitors (Ramos 1985, to the nest.On 7 April we measuredthe nestand collected Thiollay 1985). However, little is known regardingthe prey items. Adult birds were heard but not seennear the life historyand ecologyof large raptorsthat inhabit those nest on that date. forests. Nest materialswere identifiedas zapote (Minilkara za- The Black Hawk-eagle (Spizaetustyrannus) is a large pote), txalam (Lysilomalatisiliquia), and a vine (Styzo- NeDtropicalspecies inhabiting lowland forests, forest edg- phyllumriparium). Sticks ranged from 20-45 cm in length es, and partially clearedwoods. The speciesis resident and from 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter. from central Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay, and north- Keel-billed Toucans (Ramphastossulfuratus) were easternArgentina and southeasternBrazil (Blake 1977, the most abundantprey species(Table 1). Mammals rep- resented17.6% of the total prey remains. Amadon and Bull 1988). Black Hawk-eagles are uncom- mon to common in Belize (Clinton-Eitniear 1986) and DISCUSSION Guatemala (Vannini 1989). Their populationsare de- The eagle nest we report was in a fork of one of the creasingin Mexico due to habitatloss (Ramos 1986), but tallest treesin the area. A nest of the Black Hawk-eagle •t is not consideredto be a vanishingspecies (Burton 1987) foundin Panamawas in the crownof a royal palm (Roys- nor is it listed as threatened in Mexico (SEDUE 1991). toneasp.) 13.5 m abovethe ground (Smith 1970), and was It has, however,been reportedless frequently on the Yu- doublethe outer diameterbut considerablyshallower than catan Peninsulathan the endangeredOrnate Hawk-eagle our nest. The nest we describe was similar to those re- (S. ornatus;Paynter 1955, L6pez-Ornat et al. 1989). Al- portedfor the Ornate Hawk-eagle in Tikal (Flatten et al. 1989), but only about half as large. most no information is available on breedingbiology or In contrastto our dietaryresults, Clinton-Eitniear (1986) food habitsand only one nest site has been describedin reported small mammals as the most commonfood for the Panama (Smith 1970). In this paper we describea Black Black Hawk-eagle. Although the Ornate Hawk-eagle eats Hawk-eaglenest and documentsome dietary items for the primarily small mammals, toucansalso representan im- species. portant resourcein the breeding season(Madrid et al 1991). Both eaglescommonly eat severalbird and mammal SITE LOCATION AND METHODS species,and reptiles have been identified in their diet a The nestwas in a tropicaldeciduous forest in the central few times (Smith 1970, Clinton-Eitniear et al. 1991). part of QuintanaRoD on the YucatanPeninsula (19ø40'N The nest we describewas also occupiedin the 1990 88ø05'W). Terrain there is flat and lessthan 40 m above breeding season(M. Cab pers. comm.); a juvenile and sealevel. The mean annual temperatureis 27øCand mean adults were seen on four occasions near the nest. It is annualprecipitation is 1200 mm fallingmainly from May- possiblethat the Black Hawk-eagle breedsonly everythird October. year in Yucatan as it doesin Panama (Smith 1970). The We measured the nest and collected food remains in Ornate Hawk-eagle also nestsevery third year in Tikal and below the nest. Prey were identified using bird and (Madrid et al. 1991). mammal reference collections of the Instituto Nacional de Tourism and deforestationfor cattle ranching and the InvestigacionesForestales y Agropecuariasin Bacalar.Nest timber industry are reducinghabitat for large eaglessuch construction materials were also collected and identified asthe Black Hawk-eagle in the Yucatan Peninsula.Future in the Centro de Investigacionesde Quintana RoD her- studiesshould be focusedon the ecologyof this speciesso barium in Chetumal City. that conservationefforts may follow. Particularly needed is informationon breedingbiology, diet, and home range RESULTS size. The nest was found on 7 March 1991 in a 23 m tall mahoganytree (Swieteniamacrophylla) with a diameterat RESUMEN.--Unnido del Aguila Tirana Spizaetustyrannus 121 122 SHORTCOMMUNICATIONS VOL. 27, NO. 2 Table 1. Prey remainsof Black Hawk-eagle (N-- 17) ceedingsof the WesternFoundation of VertebrateZoology. collectedon 7 April 1991,in CentralQuintana Roo, Mix- Los Angeles,CA U.S.A. ß iCO. BLAKE,E. 1977. Manual of Neotropicalbirds. Vol. I. Univ. of Chicago Press,Chicago, IL U.S.A. NUMBER OF BURTON,P. 1987. Vanishing eagles.Chartwell Books PREY ITEMS PERCENT Inc., Secaucus,NJ U.S.A. CLINTON-EITNIEAR,J. 1986. Statusof the large forest Mammals eaglesof Belice. Birds Prey Bull. 3:107-110. Yucatan Squirrel 1 5.9 , M.R. GARTSIDEAND M.A. KAINER. 1991. Or- ( Sciurusyucatanends ) nate Hawk-Eagle feeding on green iguana. J. Raptor Squirrel 1 5.9 Res. 25:19-20. (Sciurussp.) FLATTEN,C., J. MADRID, A. HERNANDEZAND R. GER- Raccoon 1 5.9 HARDT. 1989. Observacionesdel nido de un Aguilu- (Procyonlotor) cho de Penacho (Spizaetusornatus). Reporte de Pro- Total mammals 3 17.7 gresoII. ProyectoMaya. The Peregrine Fund, Inc., Boise, ID U.S.A. Birds LOPEZ-ORNAT,A., J. LYNCHAND B. MACKINNON. 1989. Keel-billed Toucan 7 41.2 New and noteworthy recordsof birds from the eastern (Rarnphastossulfuratus ) Yucatan peninsula. WilsonBull. 101:309-409. Collared Aracari 2 11.7 MADRID,J., H. MADRID, S. FUNES,J. L6PEZ,R. BOTZOC (Pteroglossustorquatus ) ANDA. RAMOS. 1991. Biologlade la reproducci6ny Unidentified 5 29.4 comportamientodel Aguila Elegante (Spizaetusorna- Total birds 14 82.3 tus), en el Parque Nacional de Tikal. Reportede Pro- Total prey 17 100.0 gresoIV. ProyectoMaya. The PeregrineFund, Inc., Boise, ID U.S.A. PAYNTER,R. 1955. The ornithogeographyof the Yu- se encontr6 cerca de la Reserva de la Bi6sfera de Sian catan peninsula. Bull. No. 9. Peabody Museum of ka'an, Quintana Roo, M•xico. E1 nido se localiz6a una Natural History, Yale Univ., New Haven, CT U.S.A. altura de 17.18 m sobre un arbol de Caoba de 23 m de RAMOS,M. 1985. Endangeredtropical birds in Mexico alto. E1 nido present60.70 m de difimetro externo, 0.66 and northern Central America. Pages305-318 in I. m de profundidadexterna, 0.43 m de difimetrointerno y 0 05 a 0.075 m de profundidadinterna. Los restosali- Newton and R. Chancellor lEDS.], Conservationstud- menticiosencontrados fueron principalmentedel Tucfin ies on raptors. Vol. 5. ICBP Technical Publication, Piquiverde y del Tucancillo Collarejo. Tambi•n se en- Cambridge, U.K. contraron restos de mamiferos y otras aves. E1 Aguila 1986. Birds in peril in Mexico: the diurnal Tirana no se ha consideradocomo una especieque est• raptors. Birds Prey Bull. 3:26-42. amenazaday tampocose encuentraen la lista mexicana SEDUE. 1991. Diario Oficial de la Federaci6n. Tomo de aves a proteger. CDLII (12):17-36. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS SMITH,N.G. 1970. Nestingof King Vulture and Black We would like to thank M. Cab, C. Gonzalez, H. Hawk-Eagle in Panama. Condor72:247-248. Bahena and E. Escobedo for field assistance. Thanks es- THIOLLAY,J.M. 1985. Falconiformsof tropical rain pecially to J. Espinozafor commentsand English trans- forest:a review. Pages 155-165 in I. Newton and R. lation, to J. Nava for identification of mammal remains, Chancellor[EDS.], Conservation studies on raptors.Vol. and to E. Cabrera for identificationof plants.J. Clinton- Eitniear and P.H. Bloomprovided helpful commentson 5. ICBP Technical Publication,Cambridge, U.K. the manuscript. VANNINI,J. 1989. Neotropicalraptors and deforestation: noteson diurnal raptors at FincH E1 Faro, Quetzal- LITERATURE CITED tenango,Guatemala. J. Raptor Res. 23:27-38. AMADON,D., ANDJ. BULL. 1988. Hawks and owls of the world: a distributional and taxonomic list. Pro- Received29 September1992; accepted25 February 1993 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Species List January 28 – February 6, 2020 | Compiled by Keith Hansen
    Guatemala: Nature & Culture With Tikal Extension| Species List January 28 – February 6, 2020 | Compiled by Keith Hansen With Guides Keith Hansen, Patricia Briceño, Roland Rumm and local guide Freddie and participants Julie, Paul, Gwen, Gary, Barbara, Rolande, Brian, Jane, and Debbie. Itinerary Day 1: 1/29/20, Guatemala City. Clarion Hotel to Marroquin University and Textile Museum, to Guatemala Market, to Cocales “Crazy Gas Station” at intersection of CA 12 and 11 to Los Tarrales Natural Reserve. Day 2: 1/30/20, Los Tarrales Nat. Res. into jeeps and up to La Isla vista point. Down for lunch at lodge. Then San Pedro trail and back to La Rinconada lodge, for dinner. Day 3: 1/31/20, Pre-dawn, Volcan Fuego eruption. Los Tarrales, short walk on San Pedro Trail. Breakfast at lodge. Depart and drive to Fuentes Georginia Hot Springs Spa. Lunch with “mega flock”. Depart and drive to Xela (Quetzaltenango). Dinner at Hotel Bonifaz. Day 4: 2/1/20, Split group. One group, (Keith), up at 4:00 AM. Drive to Refugio del Quetzal for Quetzal, then viewing from mirador “overlook”. Then drive to San Rafael for lunch. Then drive back to Xela. Second group, (Patricia) Xela tour. Later some went back to “Owl” at Fuentes Georgino Hot Springs, then back to Xela. Day 5: 2/2/20, Xela breakfast at Hotel, depart for the market at Chichicastenango with stop at Continental Divide at 10,000 feet. To market, then lunch at “Mayan Inn”. Drive to Panajachel at Lago de Atitlan. Boarded a launch to cross the lake to Hotel Bambu, Santiago Atitlan.
    [Show full text]
  • A Multi-Gene Phylogeny of Aquiline Eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) Reveals Extensive Paraphyly at the Genus Level
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com MOLECULAR SCIENCE•NCE /W\/Q^DIRI DIRECT® PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION ELSEVIER Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35 (2005) 147-164 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multi-gene phylogeny of aquiline eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) reveals extensive paraphyly at the genus level Andreas J. Helbig'^*, Annett Kocum'^, Ingrid Seibold^, Michael J. Braun^ '^ Institute of Zoology, University of Greifswald, Vogelwarte Hiddensee, D-18565 Kloster, Germany Department of Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 4210 Silver Hill Rd., Suitland, MD 20746, USA Received 19 March 2004; revised 21 September 2004 Available online 24 December 2004 Abstract The phylogeny of the tribe Aquilini (eagles with fully feathered tarsi) was investigated using 4.2 kb of DNA sequence of one mito- chondrial (cyt b) and three nuclear loci (RAG-1 coding region, LDH intron 3, and adenylate-kinase intron 5). Phylogenetic signal was highly congruent and complementary between mtDNA and nuclear genes. In addition to single-nucleotide variation, shared deletions in nuclear introns supported one basal and two peripheral clades within the Aquilini. Monophyly of the Aquilini relative to other birds of prey was confirmed. However, all polytypic genera within the tribe, Spizaetus, Aquila, Hieraaetus, turned out to be non-monophyletic. Old World Spizaetus and Stephanoaetus together appear to be the sister group of the rest of the Aquilini. Spiza- stur melanoleucus and Oroaetus isidori axe nested among the New World Spizaetus species and should be merged with that genus. The Old World 'Spizaetus' species should be assigned to the genus Nisaetus (Hodgson, 1836). The sister species of the two spotted eagles (Aquila clanga and Aquila pomarina) is the African Long-crested Eagle (Lophaetus occipitalis).
    [Show full text]
  • An Early Pleistocene Eagle from Nebraska
    248 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS kunthii blossoms by Bombus queens occurred and depend on many factors. That hummingbirds and the workers were unable to secure nectar while positioned ancestor of P. kunthii co-existed may be assumed; within the floral tube, probably as much as lo-20 otherwise its adaptation to hummingbird pollination per cent more nectar was available to Bombus p&her would make little sense. Thus it is possible that P. and Bombus trinominatus populations during this kunthii could have undergone much of its development period due to the feeding activity of Diglossa. under selective pressure from hummingbirds; still, it is clear that Diglossa baritula has co-existed with DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS hummingbirds throughout New World montane hab- Grant and Grant (1968) have proposed an explanation itats for some time and therefore an earlier and more for the reciprocal evolution of hummingbirds and the important role in the evolution of P. kunthii would plants upon which they feed. According to this inter- not be unexpected. This is not to suggest that exploita- pretation most hummingbird-pollinated flowers, espe- tion late in the evolutionary development of P. kunthii cially temperate species, have evolved from bee flowers would be insignificant. Even at present, given the (Grant 1961; Grant and Grant 1965). The process potential counter-selection pressures on P. kunthii involves an incipient stage during which a primitive from bees, the presence of Dglossa perforations un- hummingbird or progenitor already “preadapted” to doubtedly precludes a certain amount of bee pollina- feed on a particular bee flower (in the sense of tion which would probably otherwise occur, helping securing insects within the corolla, or nectar, or both), to maintain the selection pressures on P.
    [Show full text]
  • Mimicry in Birds of Prey Published 4 April 2013
    Brazilian raptors (Online publications) www.avesderapinabrasil.com Mimicry in birds of prey Published 4 April 2013 Juvenile Grey-headed Kite (Leptodon cayanensis) with a plumage pattern that imitates almost perfectly an Ornate Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus ornatus). Belterra (Pará), March 2013. Photo: Eleonora Pinheiro Willian Menq 1 Email: [email protected] Translated by Johan Ingels. Mimicry in birds of prey is impressive although uncommon. Some predators use mimicry as a hunting strategy. This is the case with the Zone-tailed Hawk (Buteo albonotatus) which imitates the inoffensive vultures of the genus Cathartes to approach prey (Peckhamian mimicry). But a mimic that mimics another more dangerous species, seems to be the most common type of mimicry among hawks in Brazil. So, the Rufous-thighed Kite (Harpagus diodon) which has a predominantly insectivorous diet mimics a Bicoloured Hawk (Accipiter bicolor) which mostly hunts birds. Other species of raptors only utilise mimicry as a juvenile, which is the case with the Grey- bellied Hawk (Accipiter poliogaster) and the Grey-headed Kite (Leptodon cayanensis). The juvenile plumage of the Grey-bellied Hawk is very similar to the adult plumage of the Ornate Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus ornatus), possibly as a defense against other hawks and large primates that could prey on its nest. The juvenile Grey-headed Kites are highly polymorphic, presenting diverse plumage patterns. There are totally white individuals that mimic the Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus melanoleucus), others are almost completely black resembling a Black Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus tyrannus), and there are some rare intermediate forms that have little 1 MENQ, W. (2013).
    [Show full text]
  • Shade‑Grown Birding 2019 BIRDS
    Field Guides Tour Report Guatemala: Shade‑grown Birding 2019 Feb 9, 2019 to Feb 17, 2019 Jesse Fagan For our tour description, itinerary, past triplists, dates, fees, and more, please VISIT OUR TOUR PAGE. This was a fun trip to Guatemala. We enjoyed excellent birding in a variety of diverse habitats. We birded under Caribbean lowland jungles covering ancient Mayan temples, in cloud forest draped with intense epiphytic growth, crossed "the most beautiful lake in the world," and felt the ground shake from active volcanoes. We also got to walk colonial streets in Antigua and taste delicious homegrown coffee at several fincas. Birding highlights were many: the tiny Wine-throated Hummingbird at Fuentes Georginas, the only slightly larger, Slender Sheartail, on the shores of Lake Atitlan, the unbelievable Pink-headed Warbler on the slopes of Volcan Santa Maria, and the enigmatic Belted Flycatcher seen at Finca Filadelfia. However, none of us were prepared for our Horned Guan sighting! This was definitely the highlight for most folks in the group. Thanks again for joining me in Guatemala and I hope to see you very soon on the birding trail. All the best in For most folks, we started the tour in Tikal NP. Here is our view from Temple IV looking across the 2019, undisturbed forest of the Peten. Photo by guide Jesse Fagan. Jesse aka Motmot (from Lima, Peru) KEYS FOR THIS LIST One of the following keys may be shown in brackets for individual species as appropriate: * = heard only, I = introduced, E = endemic, N = nesting, a = austral migrant, b = boreal migrant BIRDS Tinamidae (Tinamous) GREAT TINAMOU (Tinamus major) – A few folks glimpsed one at Las Guacamayas.
    [Show full text]
  • Repeated Sequence Homogenization Between the Control and Pseudo
    Repeated Sequence Homogenization Between the Control and Pseudo-Control Regions in the Mitochondrial Genomes of the Subfamily Aquilinae LUIS CADAH´IA1*, WILHELM PINSKER1, JUAN JOSE´ NEGRO2, 3 4 1 MIHAELA PAVLICEV , VICENTE URIOS , AND ELISABETH HARING 1Molecular Systematics, 1st Zoological Department, Museum of Natural History Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estacio´n Biolo´gica de Don˜ana, Sevilla, Spain 3Centre of Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, Faculty for Natural Sciences and Math, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway 4Estacio´n Biolo´gica Terra Natura (Fundacio´n Terra Natura—CIBIO), Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain ABSTRACT In birds, the noncoding control region (CR) and its flanking genes are the only parts of the mitochondrial (mt) genome that have been modified by intragenomic rearrangements. In raptors, two noncoding regions are present: the CR has shifted to a new position with respect to the ‘‘ancestral avian gene order,’’ whereas the pseudo-control region (CCR) is located at the original genomic position of the CR. As possible mechanisms for this rearrangement, duplication and transposition have been considered. During characterization of the mt gene order in Bonelli’s eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus, we detected intragenomic sequence similarity between the two regions supporting the duplication hypothesis. We performed intra- and intergenomic sequence comparisons in H. fasciatus and other falconiform species to trace the evolution of the noncoding mtDNA regions in Falconiformes. We identified sections displaying different levels of similarity between the CR and CCR. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, we outline an evolutionary scenario of the underlying mutation events involving duplication and homogenization processes followed by sporadic deletions.
    [Show full text]
  • Javan Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus Bartelsi Stresemann, 1924 on SOUTHERN PART of WEST JAVA
    FINAL REPORT STATUS, DISTRIBUTION, POPULATION, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi Stresemann, 1924 ON SOUTHERN PART OF WEST JAVA Andi P. Setiadi Zaini Rakhman Pupung F. Nurwatha Muchammad Muchtar Wahyu Raharjaningtrah CREDIT REPORTED BY Andi. P. Setiadi, Zaini Rakhman, Pupung F. Nurwatha, Muchammad Muchtar & Wahyu Raharjaningtrah MAIN CONTRIBUTOR Yusron Saaroni (YPAL); Gana Hendarsah, Ahmad I. Juniarto, Henry A. Singer, Yuvan Hadian, Firman Hadi (HIMBIO-UNPAD) EDITOR Dr. Erri N. Megantara (Jurusan Biologi UNPAD); Resit Sözer MSc; Iwan Setiawan; Dr. Dewi M. Prawiradilaga (FFI-IP); Vincent Nijman (UVA). PHOTO Andri Setiawan, Andi P Setiadi, Zaini Rakhman (YPAL); Yuvan Hadian (HIMBIO-UNPAD); Takeheshi Kato( Gunzo-sha). ILUSTRATION Dwija Putra, Vincent Nijman SPONSOR BirdLife International British Petroleum FFI International @ Yayasan pribumi Alam Lestari, 2000 ISBN 979-9319-03-X CITATION Setiadi, A.P., Z. Rakhman, P.F. Nurwatha, M. Muchtar and W. Raharjaningtrah. 2000. Status, Distribution, Population, Ecology and Conservation Javan Hawk-eagle Spizaetus bartelsi, Stresemann 1924 On Southern Part of West Java. Final Report BP/FFI/BirdLife International/YPAL-HIMBIO UNPAD, Bandung. Publication of this document was supported by THE GIBBON FOUNDATION P.O.Box 7610 JKP Jakarta 10076 Indonesia i PREFACE Yayasan Pribumi Alam Lestari (YPAL = Indigenous Nature Conservation Society) in collaboration with Biological Student Association (Himbio) University of Padjadjaran Bandung were finished the first year of 'the Javan Hawk-eagle conservation programme' at south part of West Java. The project was conducted since March 1998 until June 1999. The activities of the programme were distribution and population surveys, some ecological aspects and conservation action. This final report presenting the results of distribution and population surveys and some aspects of its ecology, includes of it were behaviour, home range and nest's habitat.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Identification of Toxoplasma Gondii in Roadkill Wild Animals in Yucatan, Mexico
    1 Original Research / 9 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2019.1.511 Vol. 6 No. 1 January-March 2019 Veterinaria MéxicoOA Publicación Digital de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia http://veterinariamexico.unam.mx/ oa Molecular identification of Toxoplasma gondii in roadkill wild animals in Yucatan, Mexico Abstract Marco Antonio Torres-Castro1* Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, recognized Rodrigo Adán Medina-Pinto2 as the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic endemic disease in sev- Henry René Noh-Pech1 eral countries, including Mexico. In the Yucatan State of Mexico, Toxoplasma 1 Fernando I. Puerto infection has a high impact in both human and domestic animal health. Wild Roger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas2 animals can also host zoonotic pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii. The 1 Laboratorio de Enfermedades presence of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in roadkill wild animals in Yucatan was Emergentes y Reemergentes, detected using a nested Polymerase Chain Reaction. Toxoplasma gondii DNA Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, was identified in several organs retrieved from a Yucatan squirrel (Sciurus Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, yucatanensis), a coatimundi (Nasua narica), and a greater grison (Galictis Mérida, Yucatán, México vittata). The amplified fragments of Toxoplasma gondii DNA were purified, 2 Laboratorio de Parasitología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, sequenced, and certified by BLAST analysis. Our results confirm that Toxo- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, plasma gondii can infect wild mammals from Yucatan, which could act as Mérida, Yucatán, México intermediate hosts and contribute to the transmission of the disease to hu- mans and domestic animals, as well as other wild animal species.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposals 2018-C
    AOS Classification Committee – North and Middle America Proposal Set 2018-C 1 March 2018 No. Page Title 01 02 Adopt (a) a revised linear sequence and (b) a subfamily classification for the Accipitridae 02 10 Split Yellow Warbler (Setophaga petechia) into two species 03 25 Revise the classification and linear sequence of the Tyrannoidea (with amendment) 04 39 Split Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea) into two species 05 42 Split Puffinus boydi from Audubon’s Shearwater P. lherminieri 06 48 (a) Split extralimital Gracula indica from Hill Myna G. religiosa and (b) move G. religiosa from the main list to Appendix 1 07 51 Split Melozone occipitalis from White-eared Ground-Sparrow M. leucotis 08 61 Split White-collared Seedeater (Sporophila torqueola) into two species (with amendment) 09 72 Lump Taiga Bean-Goose Anser fabalis and Tundra Bean-Goose A. serrirostris 10 78 Recognize Mexican Duck Anas diazi as a species 11 87 Transfer Loxigilla portoricensis and L. violacea to Melopyrrha 12 90 Split Gray Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus into three species, recognizing (a) C. jotaka and (b) C. phalaena 13 93 Split Barn Owl (Tyto alba) into three species 14 99 Split LeConte’s Thrasher (Toxostoma lecontei) into two species 15 105 Revise generic assignments of New World “grassland” sparrows 1 2018-C-1 N&MA Classification Committee pp. 87-105 Adopt (a) a revised linear sequence and (b) a subfamily classification for the Accipitridae Background: Our current linear sequence of the Accipitridae, which places all the kites at the beginning, followed by the harpy and sea eagles, accipiters and harriers, buteonines, and finally the booted eagles, follows the revised Peters classification of the group (Stresemann and Amadon 1979).
    [Show full text]
  • Spizaetus Tyrannus (Black Hawk-Eagle)
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology Spizaetus tyrannus (Black Hawk-eagle) Family: Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites and Eagles) Order: Falconiformes (Diurnal Birds of Prey) Class: Aves (birds) Fig. 1. Black hawk-eagle, Spizaetus tyrannus. [http://www.hbw.com/ibc/photo/black-hawk-eagle-spizaetus-tyrannus/adult-perched-tree, downloaded 4 March 2017] TRAITS. The black hawk-eagle, Spizaetus tyrannus, as the name suggests is shiny black in colour, with thick grey bars on the tail and short crest with specks of white (Fig. 1). Thin black and white bars are evenly spaced on the legs, thighs and under-tail coverts. The bill is blue-black bill, the eyes are amber-yellow, and the feet are yellow with black claws. It has short but broad wings, distinctly narrower at the base (Eagle Directory, 2010). Adult length is 58-71cm, and the sexes are alike (Ffrench, 2012). DISTRIBUTION. Widespread throughout the neotropics (Fig. 2), from Mexico to Paraguay and northern Argentina (Ferguson-Lees and Christie, 2001). It is resident in Trinidad but an infrequent visitor to other Caribbean islands, and not found in Tobago (Restall, 2006). HABITAT AND ACTIVITY. Often referred to as a diurnal forest eagle (Ferguson-Lees and Christie, 2001), its habitat ranges from very damp lowlands, mountains, woodlands and secondary forest (Whitacre, 2012), especially open areas along river banks. In Trinidad it occurs Arima and Moruga woodlands, Biche, Wallerfield and in the Northern Range (Ffrench, 2012). UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Ecology FOOD AND FEEDING. The black hawk-eagle preys on mammals, especially howler monkeys (Joao et al., 2006), more than birds (Sick, 1993), rodents, bats, lizards and snakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Diet of Ornate Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus Ornatus)
    Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 27(1): 31–39. ARTICLE March 2019 Diet of Ornate Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus ornatus) Fagner Daniel Teixeira1,5, Elisa Paraíso Mesquita2, Michele Alves Ferreira3 & Felipe de Carvalho Araújo4 1 Avenida João Gonçalves Teixeira, 22, Bairro Glória, Carmópolis de Minas, MG, Brazil. 2 Rua Coronel Pedro Jorge, 26, Bairro Prado, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 3 Rua Gustavo da Silveira, 1000, Bairro Horto Florestal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 4 Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil. 5 Corresponding author: [email protected] Received on 12 November 2018. Accepted on 21 February 2019. ABSTRACT: The Ornate Hawk-Eagle (Spizaetus ornatus) is a top predator and inhabits mainly preserved forests. It occurs from Mexico to Argentina and throughout Brazil, where it is threatened by extinction. It hunts birds, mammals and reptiles, picking up both on the ground and on the branches in the forest. Here we report data on a pair and one young individual of this species registered in the southeast of Minas Gerais state, eastern portion of the Espinhaço Range, Brazil. In addition, a literature review on the diet of the species was carried out aiming gather data on food habits. The nesting territory, as well as the nest was discovered in semi-deciduous seasonal forest area. We recorded predation of a Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture (Cathartes burrovianus) by the young. After two days of observation, the nest was overthrown, what allowed its screening for other food items discovered after analysis of some feathers and bones. Detailed records of predation of S. ornatus were non-existent or inaccurate.
    [Show full text]
  • DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE on BELIZE Funded by A.I.D
    DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE ON BELIZE Funded by A.I.D., Bureau of Science and Technology, Office of Forestry, Environment and Natural Resources under RSSA SA/TOA 1-77 with I.S. Man and the Biosphere Frogram Department of State Washington, D.C. February 1982 Prepared by the Arid Lands Information Cen,.er Office of Arid Lands Studies University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona R5721 Stephen L. Hilty - Compiler THE UNITED STATES NAT1©A4.- Cr C'M,.- , MAN AND THE BIOSPHERE ,, : Depa-=ment of State, ZO/UCS WASI-41NOTON. M. C.* 20!520 An Introductory Note on Draft Environmental Profiles. The attached draft environmenrtal report has been prepared under a contract between the U.S. Agency for international Development (AID), Office of Forestry, Environment, and Yatural Resources (S /1.NP.) and the U.S. Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Procgram. it is a preliminari review of information available in the United States on the status of the environment and the natural resources of the identified country and is one of a series of similar studies now underway on countries which receive U.S. bilateral assistance. This -eport is the irst step in a process to develop better information for the AID 'Misson, for host country officials, and others on the environmental situation in specific cotm iies and begins to identify the most critical areas of concern. A more comprehensive study may be undertaken in each country by Regional Bureaus and/or AID Missions. These would involve local scientists in a more detailed examination of the actual situations as well as a better definition of issues, problems and 2rl-oties.
    [Show full text]