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The Suffocating Grip of Coal
The Suffocating Grip Of Coal Report on the effects of coal burning on human health november 2013 Contents 1. Summary and key messages 1 2. Coal-fired electricity generation: (no) prospects 3 3. Coal-fired power plants in Bulgaria 5 3.1 Thermal power plants in Bulgaria: overview 6 3.2 Energy production and energy consumption 8 in Bulgaria: plans and reality 4. Air pollution from coal burning in Bulgaria: 12 myths and reality 5. Coal burning: effects on human health 17 5.1 TPP in Bulgaria: impacts on human health 19 5.2 TPP in the Maritsa basin: impacts on human health 23 6. Alternatives 27 7. Conclusions and recommendations 29 #1 Summary and key messages Air pollution is a key cause of a number of diseases in Europe and Bulgaria. This Key messages premature deaths – four times report of Greenpeace Bulgaria on the the death toll of road accidents impact of coal burning on human health Air pollution with sulphur dioxide in Bulgaria in the same year demonstrates the close link between and particulate matter (PM) per human health and the energy policy and generated kilowatt-hour (kWh) of strategy of Bulgaria. electricity in thermal power plants (TPP) in Bulgaria is one of the Reliance on coal and new nuclear highest in Europe. capacities on the part of the Bulgarian These facts, as well as the government is ill-advised from both Most TPP in Bulgaria have installed filters for capturing of current economic crisis, economicly and environmentally sulphur dioxide and nitrogen require a comprehensive wise. Most importantly, it implies an oxides. -
World Drug Report 2008 Report Entrusted UNODC with the Mandate to Publish “Com- Can Be Accessed Via
2008 WORLD DRUG REPORT Acknowledgements This Report was produced in the Policy Analysis and Research Branch under the supervision of Sandeep Chawla, by the Statistics and Survey Section (headed by Angela Me) and the Studies and Threat Analysis Section (headed by Thibault le Pichon). Core Team: Coen Bussink (maps), Philip Davis (data analysis), Laureta Kazanxhiu (maps), Suzanne Kunnen (graphic design and desktop publishing), and Kristina Kuttnig (graphic design and desktop publishing), Theodore Leggett (editorial assistance), Matthew Nice (ATS trends and statistical assistance), Thomas Pietschmann (estimates, trends, market and global analysis, Chapter 2), Catherine Pysden (interactive data), Martin Raithelhuber (coca, opium and cannabis production data and analysis), Wolfgang Rhomberg (database management), Ali Saadeddin (data entry and statistical assistance), Melissa Tullis (project management, global analysis, editorial assistance). The Report also benefited from the work and expertise of many other UNODC staff in Vienna and around the world. UNODC reiterates its appreciation and gratitude to States Members for the reports and information that provided the basis of this edition of the World Drug Report as well as to the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) and the European Monitoring Centre on Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). UNODC would like to thank the Government of Sweden for its continued financial support to the World Drug Report. The boundaries, names and designations used in all maps in this book do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. United Nations Publication Sales No. E.08.XI.1 978-92-1-148229-4 CONTENTS Preface 1 Introduction 3 Explanatory notes 5 Executive Summary 7 1. -
Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006
Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Country Profile: Bulgaria, October 2006 COUNTRY PROFILE: BULGARIA October 2006 COUNTRY Formal Name: Republic of Bulgaria (Republika Bŭlgariya). Short Form: Bulgaria. Term for Citizens(s): Bulgarian(s). Capital: Sofia. Click to Enlarge Image Other Major Cities (in order of population): Plovdiv, Varna, Burgas, Ruse, Stara Zagora, Pleven, and Sliven. Independence: Bulgaria recognizes its independence day as September 22, 1908, when the Kingdom of Bulgaria declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Public Holidays: Bulgaria celebrates the following national holidays: New Year’s (January 1); National Day (March 3); Orthodox Easter (variable date in April or early May); Labor Day (May 1); St. George’s Day or Army Day (May 6); Education Day (May 24); Unification Day (September 6); Independence Day (September 22); Leaders of the Bulgarian Revival Day (November 1); and Christmas (December 24–26). Flag: The flag of Bulgaria has three equal horizontal stripes of white (top), green, and red. Click to Enlarge Image HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Early Settlement and Empire: According to archaeologists, present-day Bulgaria first attracted human settlement as early as the Neolithic Age, about 5000 B.C. The first known civilization in the region was that of the Thracians, whose culture reached a peak in the sixth century B.C. Because of disunity, in the ensuing centuries Thracian territory was occupied successively by the Greeks, Persians, Macedonians, and Romans. A Thracian kingdom still existed under the Roman Empire until the first century A.D., when Thrace was incorporated into the empire, and Serditsa was established as a trading center on the site of the modern Bulgarian capital, Sofia. -
Sapareva Banya / Panichishte
Bulgaria, Sofia 5B, Triaditza Str Tel.: +359 2 980 10 68; 986 79 03, Mobile: + 359 889 137 478 Fax: +359 2 980 53 94 [email protected] www.planettours.bg www.sporttoursbulgaria.com License N ° 05565, IATA Member Sapareva Banya / Panichishte COORDINATES: Latitude in decimal degrees: +42.17 Longitude in decimal degrees: +23.16 Elevation in meters: 983 m. asl Sapareva Banya is a town in southwestern Bulgaria, part of Kyustendil Province. It is located at the north foot of the Rila mountain 15 km east of Dupnitsa. The town is known for its hot mineral (103 °C (217 °F)) and clear mountain water, as well as the geyser in the town centre that sprang forth in 1957. Panichishte is a village in south Bulgaria. It is located in Sapareva Banya municipality, Kyustendil Province. Panichishte is a starting point for pedestrian route to “Pionerska”, “Lovna”, “Skakavica”, “Vada”, “Rilski ezera”, “Sedemte ezera” rest houses and etc. From “Pionerska” rest house in Panichishte to “Rilski ezera” rest house since 2009 there is a chairlift for about 16 minutes. Bulgaria, Sofia 5B, Triaditza Str Tel.: +359 2 980 10 68; 986 79 03, Mobile: + 359 889 137 478 Fax: +359 2 980 53 94 [email protected] www.planettours.bg www.sporttoursbulgaria.com License N ° 05565, IATA Member Geography: Sapareva Banya is situated in west Bulgaria. The geographic location of the region is favourable for the development of tourism. The district centre Sapareva Banya is located 70 km away from the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia, and 30 km away from the winter resort Borovets. -
Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016
Do Public Fund Windfalls Increase Corruption? Evidence from a Natural Disaster Elena Nikolovaa Nikolay Marinovb 68131 Mannheim A5-6, Germany October 5, 2016 Abstract We show that unexpected financial windfalls increase corruption in local govern- ment. Our analysis uses a new data set on flood-related transfers, and the associated spending infringements, which the Bulgarian central government distributed to mu- nicipalities following torrential rains in 2004 and 2005. Using information from the publicly available audit reports we are able to build a unique objective index of cor- ruption. We exploit the quasi-random nature of the rainfall shock (conditional on controls for ground flood risk) to isolate exogenous variation in the amount of funds received by each municipality. Our results imply that a 10 % increase in the per capita amount of disbursed funds leads to a 9.8% increase in corruption. We also present suggestive evidence that more corrupt mayors anticipated punishment by voters and dropped out of the next election race. Our results highlight the governance pitfalls of non-tax transfers, such as disaster relief or assistance from international organizations, even in moderately strong democracies. Keywords: corruption, natural disasters, governance JEL codes: D73, H71, P26 aResearch Fellow, Central European Labour Studies Institute, Slovakia and associated researcher, IOS Regensburg, Germany. Email: [email protected]. We would like to thank Erik Bergl¨of,Rikhil Bhav- nani, Simeon Djankov, Sergei Guriev, Stephan Litschig, Ivan Penkov, Grigore Pop-Eleches, Sandra Sequeira and conference participants at the 2015 Annual Meeting of the European Public Choice Society, Groningen, the 2015 American Political Science Association, San Francisco and seminar participants at Brunel, King's College workshop on corruption, and LSE for useful comments, and Erik Bergl¨ofand Stefka Slavova for help with obtaining Bulgarian rainfall data. -
Annex REPORT for 2019 UNDER the “HEALTH CARE” PRIORITY of the NATIONAL ROMA INTEGRATION STRATEGY of the REPUBLIC of BULGAR
Annex REPORT FOR 2019 UNDER THE “HEALTH CARE” PRIORITY of the NATIONAL ROMA INTEGRATION STRATEGY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA 2012 - 2020 Operational objective: A national monitoring progress report has been prepared for implementation of Measure 1.1.2. “Performing obstetric and gynaecological examinations with mobile offices in settlements with compact Roma population”. During the period 01.07—20.11.2019, a total of 2,261 prophylactic medical examinations were carried out with the four mobile gynaecological offices to uninsured persons of Roma origin and to persons with difficult access to medical facilities, as 951 women were diagnosed with diseases. The implementation of the activity for each Regional Health Inspectorate is in accordance with an order of the Minister of Health to carry out not less than 500 examinations with each mobile gynaecological office. Financial resources of BGN 12,500 were allocated for each mobile unit, totalling BGN 50,000 for the four units. During the reporting period, the mobile gynecological offices were divided into four areas: Varna (the city of Varna, the village of Kamenar, the town of Ignatievo, the village of Staro Oryahovo, the village of Sindel, the village of Dubravino, the town of Provadia, the town of Devnya, the town of Suvorovo, the village of Chernevo, the town of Valchi Dol); Silistra (Tutrakan Municipality– the town of Tutrakan, the village of Tsar Samuel, the village of Nova Cherna, the village of Staro Selo, the village of Belitsa, the village of Preslavtsi, the village of Tarnovtsi, -
1 I. ANNEXES 1 Annex 6. Map and List of Rural Municipalities in Bulgaria
I. ANNEXES 1 Annex 6. Map and list of rural municipalities in Bulgaria (according to statistical definition). 1 List of rural municipalities in Bulgaria District District District District District District /Municipality /Municipality /Municipality /Municipality /Municipality /Municipality Blagoevgrad Vidin Lovech Plovdiv Smolyan Targovishte Bansko Belogradchik Apriltsi Brezovo Banite Antonovo Belitsa Boynitsa Letnitsa Kaloyanovo Borino Omurtag Gotse Delchev Bregovo Lukovit Karlovo Devin Opaka Garmen Gramada Teteven Krichim Dospat Popovo Kresna Dimovo Troyan Kuklen Zlatograd Haskovo Petrich Kula Ugarchin Laki Madan Ivaylovgrad Razlog Makresh Yablanitsa Maritsa Nedelino Lyubimets Sandanski Novo Selo Montana Perushtitsa Rudozem Madzharovo Satovcha Ruzhintsi Berkovitsa Parvomay Chepelare Mineralni bani Simitli Chuprene Boychinovtsi Rakovski Sofia - district Svilengrad Strumyani Vratsa Brusartsi Rodopi Anton Simeonovgrad Hadzhidimovo Borovan Varshets Sadovo Bozhurishte Stambolovo Yakoruda Byala Slatina Valchedram Sopot Botevgrad Topolovgrad Burgas Knezha Georgi Damyanovo Stamboliyski Godech Harmanli Aitos Kozloduy Lom Saedinenie Gorna Malina Shumen Kameno Krivodol Medkovets Hisarya Dolna banya Veliki Preslav Karnobat Mezdra Chiprovtsi Razgrad Dragoman Venets Malko Tarnovo Mizia Yakimovo Zavet Elin Pelin Varbitsa Nesebar Oryahovo Pazardzhik Isperih Etropole Kaolinovo Pomorie Roman Batak Kubrat Zlatitsa Kaspichan Primorsko Hayredin Belovo Loznitsa Ihtiman Nikola Kozlevo Ruen Gabrovo Bratsigovo Samuil Koprivshtitsa Novi Pazar Sozopol Dryanovo -
DB Chemical Composition-Protect.Pdf
tblSource Super SOU QUA Organi RCE Source Acq Comp Creation LAS Organisat sation Postal Coun Telep Short ID Name Type Sender Lang Date SM ion Name Name Address try hone Fax Email WWW1 WWW2 Remarks Content Name ContentName Responsible Body Legal Restrictions Summary Of Content Bibliographic Reference Content Remarks Bulgarian food composition database consists of 826 food products with17 main food groups.Each product is analyzed for 37 components as foods + components are given in the original BG language and with their english names.Most of them are analyzed in laboratory"Food chemistry", Danish Danish Borgedig later recalled "Food chemical composition" during the last 10-15 years. Bulgarian National Centre of Public Health NCPHP plans to publish the same Bulgarian BG Food Food et 12, +45 am@d http://ww Bulgarian Food National Centre of National Centre of Some foods are borrowed from the other references source, because of Protection (2009) Bulgarian food food composition database and then put it up NCPHP Informatio Informatio DK-4000 3696 anfood w.danfo http://www Composition Public Health Public Health scientific interest. We intend to refresh permanently the BG database with composition database. web site of Institute: BG1 2009 F n bg 2009 n Roskilde DK 5696 .info od.info/ .danfir.dk/ Database 2009 BG NCPHP 2009 Protection (NCPHP) Protection (NCPHP) new interesting foods. www.en.ncphp.government.bg www.en.ncphp.government.bg Page 1 tblFood OrigF dCd OrigFdNm OrigFdNm2 EngFdNam SciNam OrigGpCd NCF FACF Remarks 1 Pile (broiler) tcialo -
Environmental and Social Data Sheet
Luxembourg, 12 November 2013 Environmental and Social Data Sheet Overview Project Name: Struma Motorway Project Number: 20110722 Country: Bulgaria Project Description: Construction of three sections of the Struma Motorway with a total length of 68.5 km EIA required: YES 1 Project included in Carbon Footprint Exercise : YES (Details are provided in section: “Carbon Footprint”) Summary of Environmental and Social Assessment, including key issues and overall conclusion and recommendation The project is part of the SOP-T which was subject to a strategic environmental assessment following Bulgarian legislation in accordance with SEA Directive 2001/42/EC. The Environmental report was approved in February 21st, 2007. The project has required two EIA decisions: (i) one for the new motorway section (68.5km) and (ii) one for the realignment of the Sofia – Kulata Railway line in Lot 4 (5km). (i) The motorway project falls under Annex I 7b of the EIA Directive 2011/92/EU for which the EIA is mandatory. The Ministry of Environment and Waters (MoEW) is the competent authority to issue EIA decisions in consultation with other authorities with responsibilities on environmental aspects. Based on the EIA Report, its Supplements and the results from the public consultations, the MoEW issued a positive EIA Decision No. 1-1/2008 on 15.01.2008. (due to a factual error the EIA Decision was amended and its final number is EIA Decision No 1-1(1)/2008). The MoEW is also the Competent Authority for Natura 2000 sites. An Appropriate Assessment (AA) was provided as an appendix to the EIA Report Supplement of October 2007. -
Demand Assessment Report for Incremental Capacity Between Bulgaria and Greece
Demand assessment report for incremental capacity between Bulgaria and Greece 2019-10-21 This report is a joint assessment of the potential for incremental capacity projects con- ducted by: BULGARTRANSGAZ EAD DESFA S.A. 66 Pancho Vladigerov Blvd. 357-359 Messogion Ave., Halandri, Lyulin 2, P.O. Box 3 15231 Greece 1336 Sofia, Bulgaria Telephone: + 359 /2/ 939 63 00 Telephone: +30 2130884000 Fax: + 359 /2/ 925 00 63 Fax: +30 2130884062 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] [email protected] DAR 2019 IP Kulata / Sidirokastron Page 2 of 12 Table of contents A. Non-binding Demand indications 4 B. Demand assessment 5 i. Historical usage pattern 5 ii. Results of current annual yearly auction 8 iii. Expected amount, direction and duration of demand for incremental capacity 98 C. Conclusion for the (non)-initiation of an incremental capacity project/process 1110 D. Fees 11 E. Contact information 12 DAR 2019 IP Kulata / Sidirokastron Page 3 of 12 A. Non-binding Demand indications Currently Bulgaria and Greece have one interconnection point (IP) – Kulata/Sidirokastro connecting Bulgartransgaz EAD (BG) gas transmission network for transit transmission and the gas transmission system operated by DESFA (GR), located on the Bulgarian- Greek border in the area of Kulata/Sidirokastro. Historically this interconnection entry-exit point (IP) Кulata/Sidirokastro serves mainly as an entry point enabling Greece to receive natural gas, i.e. the physical flow is more often in the direction from Bulgaria to Greece. During the January 2009 crisis, physical reverse flow to Bulgaria was carried out through this interconnection. -
Rila Monastery Nature Park Management Plan 2004-2013
The Minister of the Environment and Waters D. Arsenova Rila Monastery Nature Park Management Plan 2004-2013 DRAFT Adopted by Decision # ххх of the Council of Ministers dated хх.хх, 2004 Presented by ARD/BCEGP in fulfillment of Terms of Reference commissioned by the Ministry of the Environment and Waters, # хх-хх-хххх, March 2001 The drafting and publication of this Management Plan was made possible through the generous support of the Environment, Energy and Social Transition Department of the Europe and Eurasia Desk of the United States Agency for International Development, pursuant to Contract # LAG-I-00-99-00013-00. All opinions expressed herein are solely at the authors’ discretion and do not necessarily reflect the position of the United States Agency for International Development. February, 2004 Team of Authors The Core Planning Team which drafted the present Management Plan for Rila Monastery Nature Park comprises the following members: Dr. Petar Yankov D.Sc. (ecology/zoology), Dr. Dimitar Peev D.Sc. (ecology/botany), Eng. Ventsisval Velichkov (forest engineer), Mrs. Snezhana Kostadinova (sociologist), as well as the members of the Coordinating Team of the BCEG Project, as follows: Dr. Peter Hetz (team leader), Dimitrina Boteva, MSc. (biodiversity expert) and Gergana Pavlova (administrative support). The Extended Planning Team comprises the following members: Eng. Mihail Mihailov, Director of Rila Monastery Nature Park; Ms. Nikolina Georgieva, biodiversity expert with the Directorate Rila Monastery NP, Eng. Vassil Petrov, acting Director of Rila NP, His Eminence Gabriel, Metropolitan Bishop of Lovech, representative of the Holy Synod of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church; the Most Reverend Bishop John, Abbot of Rila Monastery, Eng. -
Priority Public Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste
Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Develonment Europe and Central Asia Region 32051 BULGARIA Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL SEQUENCING STRATEGIES FOR EU ACCESSION PriorityPublic Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste *t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Public Disclosure Authorized IC- - ; s - o Fk - L - -. Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized May 2004 - "Wo BULGARIA ENVIRONMENTAL SEQUENCING STRATEGIES FOR EU ACCESSION Priority Public Investments for Wastewater Treatment and Landfill of Waste May 2004 Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Europe and Central Asia Region Report No. 27770 - BUL Thefindings, interpretationsand conclusions expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. Coverphoto is kindly provided by the external communication office of the World Bank County Office in Bulgaria. The report is printed on 30% post consumer recycledpaper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ..................................................................... i Abbreviations and Acronyms ..................................................................... ii Summary ..................................................................... iiM Introduction.iii Wastewater.iv InstitutionalIssues .xvi Recommendations........... xvii Introduction ...................................................................... 1 Part I: The Strategic Settings for