On the Verge of an Astronomy Cubesat Revolution
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REVIEW ARTICLE the NASA Spitzer Space Telescope
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 78, 011302 ͑2007͒ REVIEW ARTICLE The NASA Spitzer Space Telescope ͒ R. D. Gehrza Department of Astronomy, School of Physics and Astronomy, 116 Church Street, S.E., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 ͒ T. L. Roelligb NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-6, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000 ͒ M. W. Wernerc Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, MS 264-767, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109 ͒ G. G. Faziod Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 ͒ J. R. Houcke Astronomy Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6801 ͒ F. J. Lowf Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721 ͒ G. H. Riekeg Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85721 ͒ ͒ B. T. Soiferh and D. A. Levinei Spitzer Science Center, MC 220-6, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125 ͒ E. A. Romanaj Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, MS 264-767, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109 ͑Received 2 June 2006; accepted 17 September 2006; published online 30 January 2007͒ The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Spitzer Space Telescope ͑formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility͒ is the fourth and final facility in the Great Observatories Program, joining Hubble Space Telescope ͑1990͒, the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory ͑1991–2000͒, and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory ͑1999͒. Spitzer, with a sensitivity that is almost three orders of magnitude greater than that of any previous ground-based and space-based infrared observatory, is expected to revolutionize our understanding of the creation of the universe, the formation and evolution of primitive galaxies, the origin of stars and planets, and the chemical evolution of the universe. -
Tiny "Chipsat" Spacecra Set for First Flight
7/24/2019 Tiny "Chipsat" Spacecraft Set for First Flight - Scientific American Subscribe S P A C E Tiny "Chipsat" Spacecra Set for First Flight Launch in July will test new way to explore the solar system—and beyond By Nicola Jones, Nature magazine on June 1, 2016 A rearward view of the International Space Station. Credit: NASA/Crew of STS-132 On 6 July, if all goes to plan, a pack of about 100 sticky-note-sized ‘chipsats’ will be launched up to the International Space Station for a landmark deployment. During a brief few days of testing, the minuscule satellites will transmit data on their energy load and orientation before they drift out of orbit and burn up in Earth’s atmosphere. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tiny-chipsat-spacecraft-set-for-first-flight/ 1/6 7/24/2019 Tiny "Chipsat" Spacecraft Set for First Flight - Scientific American The chipsats, flat squares that measure just 3.2 centimetres to a side and weigh about 5 grams apiece, were designed for a PhD project. Yet their upcoming test in space is a baby step for the much-publicized Breakthrough Starshot mission, an effort led by billionaire Yuri Milner to send tiny probes on an interstellar voyage. “We’re extremely excited,” says Brett Streetman, an aerospace engineer at the non- profit Charles Stark Draper Laboratory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who has investigated the feasibility of sending chipsats to Jupiter’s moon Europa. “This will give flight heritage to the chipsat platform and prove to people that they’re a real thing with real potential.” The probes are the most diminutive members of a growing family of small satellites. -
Algorithme Embarqué De Navigation Optique Autonome Pour Nanosatellites Interplanétaires Boris Segret
Algorithme embarqué de navigation optique autonome pour nanosatellites interplanétaires Boris Segret To cite this version: Boris Segret. Algorithme embarqué de navigation optique autonome pour nanosatellites interplané- taires. Astrophysique [astro-ph]. Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2019. Français. NNT : 2019PSLEO017. tel-02889414 HAL Id: tel-02889414 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02889414 Submitted on 3 Jul 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Préparée à l’Observatoire de Paris Algorithme embarqué de navigation optique autonome pour nanosatellites interplanétaires Soutenue par Composition du jury : Boris SEGRET Marie-Christine ANGONIN Présidente Le 25 septembre 2019 Professeure, Sorbonne Université et SYRTE, l’Observatoire de Paris Véronique DEHANT Rapporteuse Professeure, Observatoire Royal de Belgique o École doctorale n 127 Mathieu BARTHÉLÉMY Rapporteur Maître de Conférence, Institut de Planéto- Astronomie et logie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble Astrophysique d’Ile de France Éric CHAUMETTE Examinateur Professeur, -
A Comparative Survey on Flight Software Frameworks for 'New Space'
https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.v11.1081 ORIGINAL PAPER xx/xx A Comparative Survey on Flight Software Frameworks for ‘New Space’ Nanosatellite Missions Danilo José Franzim Miranda1,2,*, Maurício Ferreira3, Fabricio Kucinskis1, David McComas4 How to cite Miranda DJF https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9186-1740 Miranda DJF; Ferreira M; Kucinskis F; McComas D (2019) A Ferreira M https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6229-9453 Comparative Survey on Flight Software Frameworks for ‘New Kucinskis F https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6171-761X Space’ Nanosatellite Missions. J Aerosp Technol Manag, 11: e4619. https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.v11.1081 McComas D https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-5015 ABSTRACT: Nanosatellite missions are becoming increasingly popular nowadays, especially because of their reduced cost. Therefore, many organizations are entering the space sector due to the paradigm shift caused by nanosatellites. Despite the reduced size of these spacecrafts, their Flight Software (FSW) complexity is not proportional to the satellite volume, thus creating a great barrier for the entrance of new players on the nanosatellite market. On the other side, there are some available frameworks that can provide mature FSW design approaches, implying in considerable reduction in software project timeframe and cost. This paper presents a comparative survey between six relevant fl ight software frameworks, compared according to commonly required ‘New Space’ criteria, and fi nally points out the most suitable one to the VCUB1 reference nanosatellite mission. KEYWORDS: Flight Software, On-Board Software, NASA cFS, New Space. INTRODUCTION Flight Soft ware (FSW) is soft ware that runs on a processor embedded in a spacecraft ’s avionics. -
+ New Horizons
Media Contacts NASA Headquarters Policy/Program Management Dwayne Brown New Horizons Nuclear Safety (202) 358-1726 [email protected] The Johns Hopkins University Mission Management Applied Physics Laboratory Spacecraft Operations Michael Buckley (240) 228-7536 or (443) 778-7536 [email protected] Southwest Research Institute Principal Investigator Institution Maria Martinez (210) 522-3305 [email protected] NASA Kennedy Space Center Launch Operations George Diller (321) 867-2468 [email protected] Lockheed Martin Space Systems Launch Vehicle Julie Andrews (321) 853-1567 [email protected] International Launch Services Launch Vehicle Fran Slimmer (571) 633-7462 [email protected] NEW HORIZONS Table of Contents Media Services Information ................................................................................................ 2 Quick Facts .............................................................................................................................. 3 Pluto at a Glance ...................................................................................................................... 5 Why Pluto and the Kuiper Belt? The Science of New Horizons ............................... 7 NASA’s New Frontiers Program ........................................................................................14 The Spacecraft ........................................................................................................................15 Science Payload ...............................................................................................................16 -
CHRONIK RAUMFAHRTSTARTS Januar Bis März 2018 Von Arno Fellenberg
Heft 45 Ausgabe 1/2018 RC I RAUMFAHRT INFORMATIONS CONCRET DIENST CHRONIK RAUMFAHRTSTARTS Januar bis März 2018 von Arno Fellenberg Raumfahrt Concret Informationsdienst – RCI – 2 – Raumfahrt Concret Informationsdienst RC I RAUMFAHRT INFORMATIONS CONCRET DIENST INHALT COPYRIGHT 2018 / AUTOR VORWORT SEITE 3 CHRONOLOGISCHE STARTFOLGE SEITE 4 BAHNDATEN SEITE 31 ABSTÜRZE UND LANDUNGEN SEITE 38 Impressum Herausgeber: Redaktionskollegium: Raumfahrt Concret Arno Fellenberg (Chronik) Informationsdienst (RCI) Michael Gräfe (SLS & Orion) Ralf Hupertz (Layout) Verlagsanschrift: Jürgen Stark (Statistik) Verlag Iniplu 2000 c/o Initiative 2000 plus e.V. Redaktionsanschrift: Lindenstr. 63 Arno Fellenberg 17033 Neubrandenburg Bochumer Landstr. 256 45276 Essen Druck: [email protected] Henryk Walther Papier- & Druck-Center GmbH & Co. KG Einzelpreis: Neubrandenburg 5,00 € www.walther-druck.de RC-Kunden: 3,00 € Fotos Titelseite (SpaceX): Erststart der Falcon Heavy und Landung der beiden seitlichen Booster (18-017) Chronik – Raumfahrtstarts, Januar bis März 2018 Raumfahrt Concret Informationsdienst – 3 – Chronik Raumfahrtstarts Januar bis März 2018 von Arno Fellenberg Liebe Leserinnen und Leser! Mit dem ersten Teil der RCI-Chronik Raumfahrtstarts des Jahres 2018 beginnen wir den zwölften Jahrgang umfangreicher Informationen zu allen Raumfahrtstarts weltweit unter dem Logo des Raumfahrt Concret Informationsdienst. Diese Ausgabe umfasst die Starts der Monate Januar bis März 2018. Sie finden in diesem Band in chronologischer Folge wichtige Angaben zu allen Raum- fahrtstarts des Berichtszeitraums. Wie gewohnt, werden alle Raumflugkörper näher vor- gestellt und deren Mission wird kurz beschrieben. Weiterhin finden Sie hier eine kompakte Startliste, die die wichtigsten verfügbaren Bahnparameter dieser Raumflugkörper umfasst. Schließlich sind alle Satelliten aufgelistet, die im Berichtszeitraum abgestürzt sind bzw. zur Erde zurückgeführt wurden. Beim Transport von Kleinsatelliten zur ISS, werden diese im Bericht des Startfahrzeuges beschrieben. -
The Spitzer Space Telescope and the IR Astronomy Imaging Chain
Spitzer Space Telescope (A.K.A. The Space Infrared Telescope Facility) The Infrared Imaging Chain Fundamentals of Astronomical Imaging – Spitzer Space Telescope – 8 May 2006 1/38 The infrared imaging chain Generally similar to the optical imaging chain... 1) Source (different from optical astronomy sources) 2) Object (usually the same as the source in astronomy) 3) Collector (Spitzer Space Telescope) 4) Sensor (IR detector) 5) Processing 6) Display 7) Analysis 8) Storage ... but steps 3) and 4) are a bit more difficult! Fundamentals of Astronomical Imaging – Spitzer Space Telescope – 8 May 2006 2/38 The infrared imaging chain Longer wavelength – need a bigger telescope to get the same resolution or put up with lower resolution Fundamentals of Astronomical Imaging – Spitzer Space Telescope – 8 May 2006 3/38 Emission of IR radiation Warm objects emit lots of thermal infrared as well as reflecting it Including telescopes, people, and the Earth – so collection of IR radiation with a telescope is more complicated than an optical telescope Optical image of Spitzer Space Telescope launch: brighter regions are those which reflect more light IR image of Spitzer launch: brighter regions are those which emit more heat Infrared wavelength depends on temperature of object Fundamentals of Astronomical Imaging – Spitzer Space Telescope – 8 May 2006 4/38 Atmospheric absorption The atmosphere blocks most infrared radiation Need a telescope in space to view the IR properly Fundamentals of Astronomical Imaging – Spitzer Space Telescope – 8 May 2006 5/38 -
ASTERIA Data Guide
ASTERIA Data Users Guide (v2) Mary Knapp November 2019 1 Overview This document describes the formatting and idiosyncrasies of ASTERIA photometric data. ASTERIA is the Arcsecond Space Telescope Enabling Research In Astrophysics. 2 Brief ASTERIA System Description ASTERIA is a 6U (10 cm x 20 cm x 34 cm) CubeSat spacecraft. ASTERIA was launched August 2017 as payload to the International Space Station and deployed into orbit on November 20, 2017. ASTERIA's current orbit matches the ISS inclination and has an average altitude of approximately 400 km. In this orbit, ASTERIA experiences an average of 30 minutes in Earth's shadow (eclipse) and 60 minutes in sunlight. ASTERIA is 3-axis stabilized via a set of reaction wheels. The reaction wheels are part of the XACT attitude control system provided by Blue Canyon Technology (BCT). Torque rods are used for reaction wheel desaturation. ASTERIA carries a small refractive telescope (f/1.4, ∼85 mm). The telescope focuses light on a 2592 x 2192 pixel CMOS detector. The detector pixels are 6.5 microns, yielding a plate scale of ∼15 arcsec/pixel. The full field of view of the detector is ∼9 x 10 degrees. ASTERIA's camera is deliberately defocused in order to oversample the PSF. 3 Definitions List of definitions for acronyms and other terms with specific meanings in the context of ASTERIA. • Epoch: The spacecraft epoch refers to the bootcount of the spacecraft. An epoch begins when ASTE- RIA's flight computer reboots and sets time to January 1, 1970 (the zero point for Unix timestamps). • Uptime: Spacecraft time is relative and is tracked in seconds from flight computer boot. -
Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave Makenzie Lystrup Howard A. MacEwen Giovanni G. Fazio Editors 10–15 June 2018 Austin, Texas, United States Sponsored by 4D Technology (United States) • Andor Technology, Ltd. (United Kingdom) • Astronomical Consultants & Equipment, Inc. (United States) • Giant Magellan Telescope (Chile) • GPixel, Inc. (China) • Harris Corporation (United States) • Materion Corporation (United States) • Optimax Systems, Inc. (United States) • Princeton Infrared Technologies (United States) • Symétrie (France) Teledyne Technologies, Inc. (United States) • Thirty Meter Telescope (United States) •SPIE Cooperating Organizations European Space Organisation • National Radio Astronomy Observatory (United States) • Science & Technology Facilities Council (United Kingdom) • Canadian Astronomical Society (Canada) Canadian Space Association ASC (Canada) • Royal Astronomical Society (United Kingdom) Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (United States) • American Astronomical Society (United States) • Australian Astronomical Observatory (Australia) • European Astronomical Society (Switzerland) Published by SPIE Volume 10698 Part One of Three Parts Proceedings of SPIE 0277-786X, V. 10698 SPIE is an international society advancing an interdisciplinary approach to the science and application of light. The papers in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. Additional papers and presentation recordings may be available online in the SPIE Digital Library at SPIEDigitalLibrary.org. The papers reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. -
Nasa Space Telescope Imaging Technology
NASA SPACE TELESCOPE IMAGING TECHNOLOGY MISSION FACTS ENABLING TECHNOLOGY > Wide Field and Planetary Camera HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE Better understand > Completed more than 1.3 MILLION OBSERVATIONS the age of the universe > Traveled 4+ BILLION MILES on low Earth orbit 4+ > Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph “THE FORERUNNER” BILLION > Discovered that the universe is approximately MILES > High Speed Photometer L3HARRIS ROLE: 13.7 BILLION YEARS OLD > Faint Object Camera & Spectrograph Provided fine guidance and focus control systems and 2.4m backup mirror CHANDRA X-RAY Explain the structure, > Uses X-RAY VISION to detect extremely hot, > High Resolution Camera activity and evolution high-energy regions of space OBSERVATORY > Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer of the universe > Flies 200 TIMES HIGHER than Hubble – X-RAY “THE DETECTIVE” VISION > High Energy Transmission more than 1/3 of the way to the moon Grating Spectrometer L3HARRIS ROLE: > Provides data on quasars as they were > Low Energy Transmission Designed, integrated and 10 BILLION YEARS AGO Grating Spectrometer tested imaging system JAMES WEBB Observe distant events > Will be the MOST POWERFUL space telescope ever > Near-Infrared Camera and objects, such as the SPACE TELESCOPE > Will balance between gravity of Earth and sun > Near-Infrared Spectrograph formation of the first 940,000 MILES IN SPACE MOST “THE HISTORIAN” galaxies, stars and POWERFUL > Mid-Infrared Instrument planets in the universe > 6.5-METER MIRROR made of 18 gold-coated > Fine Guidance Sensor/Near InfraRed L3HARRIS -
HUBBLE Traveling Exhibit
HUBBLE Traveling Exhibit HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE Tour Info & Educational Resources Presented by: NASA and the Aerospace Museum of California With the generous support of : SMUD, Sacramento County, and Sacramento International Airport 1 HUBBLE Traveling Exhibit NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope: New Views of the Universe Experience the life and history of the Hubble Space Telescope through this interactive and stunning exhibit! The Hubble Space Telescope’s traveling exhibit is divided into eight fascinating sec- tions. Each one highlights a different aspect of the Hubble Space Telescope, whether it is the satellite itself, one of its many discoveries, or what the future may hold. Hubble imagery has both delighted and amazed people around the world. The exhibit contains images and data taken by Hubble of planets, galaxies, regions around black holes, and many other fascinating cosmic entities that have captivated the minds of scientists for centuries. Experience the life and history of the Hubble Space Telescope through this in- teractive and stunning exhibit. Also featured is an exhibit on the James Webb Space Telescope and what to look forward to from space telescopes in the future. THE HUBBLE MODEL The 1:15 model of the Hubble Space Telescope is the central focus of the traveling exhibit, and gives the observer a visual repre- sentation of the telescope as it is in space. The ring surrounding the model provides insight into the size, opera- tions and capabilities of the Hubble telescope. The rear of the station provides a three-step explana- tion of why Hubble is above the atmosphere and what makes it different from ground obser- vatories. -
GALEX: Galaxy Evolution Explorer
GALEX: Galaxy Evolution Explorer Barry F. Madore Carnegie Observatories, Pasadena CA 91101 Abstract. We review recent scientific results from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer with special emphasis on star formation in nearby resolved galaxies. INTRODUCTION The Satellite The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) is a NASA Small Explorer class mission. It consists of a 50 cm-diameter, modified Ritchey-Chrétien telescope with four operating modes: Far-UV (FUV) and Near-UV (NUV) imaging, and FUV and NUV spectroscopy. Æ The telescope has a 3-m focal length and has Al-MgF2 coatings. The field of view is 1.2 circular. An optics wheel can position a CaF2 imaging window, a CaF2 transmission grism, or a fully opaque mask in the beam. Spectroscopic observations are obtained at multiple grism-sky dispersion angles, so as to mitigate spectral overlap effects. The FUV (1528Å: 1344-1786Å) and NUV (2271Å: 1771-2831Å) imagers can be operated one at a time or simultaneously using a dichroic beam splitter. The detector system encorporates sealed-tube microchannel-plate detectors. The FUV detector is preceded by a blue-edge filter that blocks the night-side airglow lines of OI1304, 1356, and Lyα. The NUV detector is preceded by a red blocking filter/fold mirror, which produces a sharper long-wavelength cutoff than the detector CsTe photocathode and thereby reduces both zodiacal light background and optical contamination. The peak quantum efficiency of the detector is 12% (FUV) and 8% (NUV). The detectors are linear up to a local (stellar) count-rate of 100 (FUV), 400 (NUV) cps, which corresponds to mAB 14 15.