Linux & Des Logiciels Libres

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Linux & Des Logiciels Libres Découvrez la simplicité de LLiinnuuxx && ddeess LLooggiicciieellss LLiibbrreess Avec Ubuntu GNU/Linux 6.10 « Edgy Eft » par Didrocks Documentation sous licence CC (creative commons). Plus d'informations sur http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ Linux et les Logiciels Libres 25/11/06 Table des matières Introduction.................................................................................................... ........................4 Qu'est-ce qu'un logiciel libre ?..............................................................................................................................................4 Pourquoi installer GNU/Linux ?..............................................................................................................................................4 J'entends parler de distribution, qu'est-ce que c'est ?..............................................................................................................5 Pourquoi la distribution Ubuntu en particulier ?.......................................................................................................................5 Courte présentation d'Ubuntu...............................................................................................................................................6 Quelles différences entre Ubuntu / Kubuntu / Edubuntu / Xubuntu ?.........................................................................................7 Les versions de Ubuntu........................................................................................................................................................7 Mes logiciels, mes jeux, mon Microsoft Windows, mon matériel ...............................................................................................8 Découverte et installation..................................................................................... .................10 Le CD...............................................................................................................................................................................10 Session Live......................................................................................................................................................................13 L'installation......................................................................................................................................................................13 A la découverte de votre nouveau système Ubuntu...................................... ..........................19 Qu'est-ce qu'une session ?.................................................................................................................................................19 Pourquoi me redemande-t-on parfois mon mot de passe une fois connecté ?............................................................................20 Bureaux virtuels................................................................................................................................................................20 Organisation de votre poste de travail..................................................................................................................................21 Réseau, Installation de nouvelles applications et sources de mise à jour............................ ....34 Réseau.............................................................................................................................................................................34 Qu'est-ce qu'un paquet ?....................................................................................................................................................36 J'entends toujours parler de code source, de compilation, de binaires exécutables, quelles sont les différences ?.........................37 Installer un logiciel ou un jeu sous Ubuntu...........................................................................................................................37 Les sources de mise à jour.................................................................................................................................................39 Maintenir son système à jour..............................................................................................................................................41 Rendre votre Ubuntu pleinement fonctionnel................................................ .........................43 Hé, certaines des applications installées par défaut sont en anglais !.......................................................................................43 Pourquoi je ne peux lire ni mes DIVX, ni mes MP3 ?..............................................................................................................43 Bon, on peut passer à Flash maintenant ?............................................................................................................................50 Pourquoi y-a-t-il un écart entre mon heure sous Ubuntu et sous Windows ?.............................................................................51 Je cherche depuis tout à l'heure un outil de défragmentation. Où se trouve-t-il ?......................................................................52 Ai-je besoin d'un antivirus ?................................................................................................................................................53 Bon, un firewall alors ?.......................................................................................................................................................54 Rendre le copier coller persistant.........................................................................................................................................55 Pavé numérique................................................................................................................................................................55 Mieux utiliser son bureau Gnome...................................................................... .....................56 Personnaliser son bureau (thèmes, papiers peints, fonds d'écran de connexion ...)...................................................................56 Je n'aime aucun des thèmes proposés (sic ...). Je préférerais les prendre sur l'Internet.............................................................56 Fenêtres « Ouvrir/Enregistrer sous » et signets. ....................................................................................................................59 Rendre visible une application sur tous les espaces de travail.................................................................................................60 Rendre une fenêtre toujours visible.....................................................................................................................................60 Le (ou plutôt « Les ») copier-coller ......................................................................................................................................60 Associer un programme par défaut à un type de fichier..........................................................................................................60 Faire défiler la fenêtre d'une autre application sans travailler sur celle-ci..................................................................................62 Si une lecture est déjà en cours, lors d'un double-clic sur un fichier vidéo, je veux que Totem (et Beep Media Player) me l'ajoute à la liste de lecture, plutôt que de remplacer la lecture en cours !..............................................................................................62 Créer un lanceur................................................................................................................................................................63 Éditer les menus................................................................................................................................................................63 Prendre de notes organisées !.............................................................................................................................................64 Graver simplement des données..........................................................................................................................................65 Gnome gère directement le ftp ?.........................................................................................................................................66 Prendre une capture d'écran...............................................................................................................................................67 Utiliser des lettres majuscules accentuées............................................................................................................................67 Autres petites astuces du gestionnaire de fichier Nautilus.......................................................................................................68 Quelques astuces Firefox....................................................................................................................................................73 Amélioration du terminal (pour utilisateurs « avertis ») ..........................................................................................................79 Les derniers détails............................................................................................................ ....81 Installer son
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