Comparison Between Concentrated Solar Power and Gas-Based Generation in Terms of Economic and Flexibility-Related Aspects in Chile
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Energies for the 21St Century
THE collEcTion 1 w The atom 2 w Radioactivity 3 w Radiation and man 4 w Energy 5 w Nuclear energy: fusion and fission 6 w How a nuclear reactor works 7 w The nuclear fuel cycle 8 w Microelectronics 9 w The laser: a concentrate of light 10 w Medical imaging 11 w Nuclear astrophysics 12 w Hydrogen 13 w The Sun 14 w Radioactive waste 15 w The climate 16 w Numerical simulation 17 w Earthquakes 18 w The nanoworld 19 w Energies for the 21st century © French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, 2010 Communication Division Head Office 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex - www.cea.fr ISSN 1637-5408. w Low-carbon energies for a sustainable future FROM RESEARCH TO INDUSTRY 19 w energies for the 21st century InnovatIng for nuclear energy DomestIcatIng solar power BIofuel proDuctIon DevelopIng BatterIes anD fuel cells thermonuclear fusIon 2 w contents century © Jack Star/PhotoLink st Innovating for nuclear ENERgY 6 The beginnings of nuclear energy in France 7 The third generation 8 Generation IV: new concepts 10 DEveloping batteries and fuel cells 25 Domesticating solar Lithium-ion batteries 26 pOwer 13 A different application for Thermal solar power 15 each battery 27 Photovoltaic solar power 16 Hydrogen: an energy carrier 29 Concentrated solar power 19 Thermonuclear fusion 31 BIOFUEL production 20 Tokamak research 33 Biomass 21 ITER project 34 Energies for the 21 2nd generation biofuels 22 Designed and produced by: MAYA press - Printed by: Pure Impression - Cover photo: © Jack Star/PhotoLink - Illustrations : YUVANOE - 09/2010 Low-carbon energies for a sustainable future 19 w Energies for the 21st century w> IntroIntroDuctIon 3 The depletion of fossil resources and global warming are encoura- ging the development of research into new energy technologies (on the left, Zoé, France’s first nuclear reactor, on the right, the national institute for solar power). -
Fulfilling the Promise of Concentrating Solar Power Low-Cost Incentives Can Spur Innovation in the Solar Market
AGENCY/PHOTOGRAPHER ASSOCIATED PRESS ASSOCIATED Fulfilling the Promise of Concentrating Solar Power Low-Cost Incentives Can Spur Innovation in the Solar Market By Sean Pool and John Dos Passos Coggin June 2013 WWW.AMERICANPROGRESS.ORG Fulfilling the Promise of Concentrating Solar Power Low-Cost Incentives Can Spur Innovation in the Solar Market By Sean Pool and John Dos Passos Coggin May 2013 Contents 1 Introduction and summary 3 6 reasons to support concentrating solar power 5 Concentrating solar power is a proven zero-carbon technology with high growth potential 6 Concentrating solar power can be used for baseload power 7 Concentrating solar power has few impacts on natural resources 8 Concentrating solar power creates jobs Concentrating solar power is low-cost electricity 9 Concentrating solar power is carbon-free electricity on a budget 11 Market and regulatory challenges to innovation and deployment of CSP technology 13 Low-cost policy solutions to reduce risk, promote investment, and drive innovation 14 Existing policy framework 15 Policy reforms to reduce risk and the cost of capital 17 Establish an independent clean energy deployment bank 18 Implement CLEAN contracts or feed-in tariffs Reinstate the Department of Energy’s Loan Guarantee Program 19 Price carbon Policy reforms to streamline regulation and tax treatment 20 Tax reform for capital-intensive clean energy technologies Guarantee transmission-grid connection for solar projects 21 Stabilize and monetize existing tax incentives 22 Further streamline regulatory approval by creating an interagency one-stop shop for solar power 23 Regulatory transparency 24 Conclusion 26 About the authors 27 Endnotes Introduction and summary Concentrating solar power—also known as concentrated solar power, concen- trated solar thermal, and CSP—is a cost-effective way to produce electricity while reducing our dependence on foreign oil, improving domestic energy-price stabil- ity, reducing carbon emissions, cleaning our air, promoting economic growth, and creating jobs. -
Analysis of Solar Community Energy Storage for Supporting Hawaii's 100% Renewable Energy Goals Erin Takata [email protected]
The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Projects and Capstones Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects Spring 5-19-2017 Analysis of Solar Community Energy Storage for Supporting Hawaii's 100% Renewable Energy Goals Erin Takata [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone Part of the Natural Resources Management and Policy Commons, Oil, Gas, and Energy Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Recommended Citation Takata, Erin, "Analysis of Solar Community Energy Storage for Supporting Hawaii's 100% Renewable Energy Goals" (2017). Master's Projects and Capstones. 544. https://repository.usfca.edu/capstone/544 This Project/Capstone is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Projects and Capstones by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This Master's Project Analysis of Solar Community Energy Storage for Supporting Hawaii’s 100% Renewable Energy Goals by Erin Takata is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of: Master of Science in Environmental Management at the University of San Francisco Submitted: Received: ...................................……….. ................................…………. -
Recent Developments in Heat Transfer Fluids Used for Solar
enewa f R bl o e ls E a n t e n r e g Journal of y m a a n d d n u A Srivastva et al., J Fundam Renewable Energy Appl 2015, 5:6 F p f p Fundamentals of Renewable Energy o l i l ISSN: 2090-4541c a a n t r i DOI: 10.4172/2090-4541.1000189 o u n o s J and Applications Review Article Open Access Recent Developments in Heat Transfer Fluids Used for Solar Thermal Energy Applications Umish Srivastva1*, RK Malhotra2 and SC Kaushik3 1Indian Oil Corporation Limited, RandD Centre, Faridabad, Haryana, India 2MREI, Faridabad, Haryana, India 3Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India Abstract Solar thermal collectors are emerging as a prime mode of harnessing the solar radiations for generation of alternate energy. Heat transfer fluids (HTFs) are employed for transferring and utilizing the solar heat collected via solar thermal energy collectors. Solar thermal collectors are commonly categorized into low temperature collectors, medium temperature collectors and high temperature collectors. Low temperature solar collectors use phase changing refrigerants and water as heat transfer fluids. Degrading water quality in certain geographic locations and high freezing point is hampering its suitability and hence use of water-glycol mixtures as well as water-based nano fluids are gaining momentum in low temperature solar collector applications. Hydrocarbons like propane, pentane and butane are also used as refrigerants in many cases. HTFs used in medium temperature solar collectors include water, water- glycol mixtures – the emerging “green glycol” i.e., trimethylene glycol and also a whole range of naturally occurring hydrocarbon oils in various compositions such as aromatic oils, naphthenic oils and paraffinic oils in their increasing order of operating temperatures. -
Desert Visions
erts in just six hours could power all of cilitator, encouraging governments and humankind for one year. Knies started the funders to take on solar and wind power Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy projects. One of its ¿ rst reference proj- Corporation (TREC), which developed ects will be a 500-MW solar power plant the Desertec concept with scientists from developed in cooperation with the Mo- the German Aerospace Center. TREC be- roccan Agency for Solar Energy (MA- came the Desertec Foundation in 2009, SEN). The plant will use a combination and now Knies serves as chair of the su- of technologies: 400 MW of concentrated pervisory board. solar power (CSP) and 100 MW of pho- Desertec proponents see the initiative tovoltaics (PV). Eighty percent of the as a “win-win” scenario, with both prac- electricity generated will be exported to tical and idealistic bene¿ ts. European Europe, carried by the transmission line countries would get additional sources of now used to ferry electricity in the other Initiative Regional power to ful¿ l their goals for transition- direction from Spain. • Desert ing from fossil fuels to renewable elec- Dii is also working with the utility tricity. The MENA countries would gain company STEG Energie Renouvelable visions sources of sustainable power to support to examine the feasibility of building the needs of their growing populations, large-scale solar and wind projects and Corinna Wu as well as a valuable product for export. transmission lines in Tunisia. Egypt The economic stimulus would create jobs and Algeria are also talking with Dii to on both sides of the Mediterranean, and ¿ nd avenues of cooperation, according ater may be scarce in the Sa- the sharing of electricity across the grid to van Son. -
Planning for the Energy Transition: Solar Photovoltaics in Arizona By
Planning for the Energy Transition: Solar Photovoltaics in Arizona by Debaleena Majumdar A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved November 2018 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Martin J. Pasqualetti, Chair David Pijawka Randall Cerveny Meagan Ehlenz ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY December 2018 ABSTRACT Arizona’s population has been increasing quickly in recent decades and is expected to rise an additional 40%-80% by 2050. In response, the total annual energy demand would increase by an additional 30-60 TWh (terawatt-hours). Development of solar photovoltaic (PV) can sustainably contribute to meet this growing energy demand. This dissertation focuses on solar PV development at three different spatial planning levels: the state level (state of Arizona); the metropolitan level (Phoenix Metropolitan Statistical Area); and the city level. At the State level, this thesis answers how much suitable land is available for utility-scale PV development and how future land cover changes may affect the availability of this land. Less than two percent of Arizona's land is considered Excellent for PV development, most of which is private or state trust land. If this suitable land is not set-aside, Arizona would then have to depend on less suitable lands, look for multi-purpose land use options and distributed PV deployments to meet its future energy need. At the Metropolitan Level, ‘agrivoltaic’ system development is proposed within Phoenix Metropolitan Statistical Area. The study finds that private agricultural lands in the APS (Arizona Public Service) service territory can generate 3.4 times the current total energy requirements of the MSA. -
Assessing the Energy Justice Potential of Renewable Electricity
Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Department of Social Sciences Publications Department of Social Sciences 8-11-2017 Renewable, ethical? Assessing the energy justice potential of renewable electricity Aparajita Banerjee Michigan Technological University Emily Prehoda Michigan Technological University Roman Sidortsov Michigan Technological University Chelsea Schelly Michigan Technological University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/social-sciences-fp Part of the Environmental Policy Commons Recommended Citation Banerjee, A., Prehoda, E., Sidortsov, R., & Schelly, C. (2017). Renewable, ethical? Assessing the energy justice potential of renewable electricity. AIMS Energy, 5(5), 768-797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/ energy.2017.5.768 Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/social-sciences-fp/108 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/social-sciences-fp Part of the Environmental Policy Commons AIMS Energy, 5(5): 768-797. DOI: 10.3934/energy.2017.5.768 Received: 28 April 2017 Accepted: 06 August 2017 Published: 11 August 2017 http://www.aimspress.com/journal/energy Review Renewable, ethical? Assessing the energy justice potential of renewable electricity Aparajita Banerjee, Emily Prehoda, Roman Sidortsov and Chelsea Schelly * Department of Social Sciences, Environmental and Energy Policy Program, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton MI 49930, USA * Correspondence: Email: [email protected]. Abstract: Energy justice is increasingly being used as a framework to conceptualize the impacts of energy decision making in more holistic ways and to consider the social implications in terms of existing ethical values. Similarly, renewable energy technologies are increasingly being promoted for their environmental and social benefits. However, little work has been done to systematically examine the extent to which, in what ways and in what contexts, renewable energy technologies can contribute to achieving energy justice. -
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EUROPEAN COMMISSION MEMO Brussels, 18 December 2012 Questions and Answers on the outcome of the first call for proposals under the NER300 programme Results of the first call for proposals 1. What is the outcome of the first call for proposals? The Commission has awarded over €1.2 billion to 23 innovative renewable energy technology (RES) projects. The projects cover a wide range of renewable energy technologies - from bioenergy (including advanced biofuels), concentrated solar power and geothermal power to wind power, ocean energy and distributed renewable management (smart grids). The projects will be hosted in 16 EU Member States: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The projects awarded funding are listed in the Annex to this document, grouped in alphabetic order by technology category. 2. How were projects selected for funding? The projects awarded funding demonstrated that they represent the most cost-effective use of NER300 public funding, that they are financially and technically robust and that they fulfil strict eligibility criteria. This includes how innovative the technology is and the potential for it to be scaled up and replicated, as well as the reasonable expectation of the project being up and running by the end of 2016, the deadline for entry into operation. The projects were chosen following a rigorous selection process. After an initial eligibility test carried out by Member States, applications were submitted to the European Investment Bank (EIB) which performed an in-depth technical and financial assessment of the project proposals. The EIB provided an initial ranking for the projects, based on the cost-per-unit performance - a measure of how much public funding is needed per unit of CO2 stored (for carbon capture and storage projects), or of clean energy produced (in the case of renewable energy sources). -
Potential of Renewable Energy Resources with an Emphasis on Solar Power in Iraq: an Outlook
resources Viewpoint Potential of Renewable Energy Resources with an Emphasis on Solar Power in Iraq: An Outlook Hussain H. Al-Kayiem * and Sanan T. Mohammad Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +60-14-300-1591 Received: 25 January 2019; Accepted: 20 February 2019; Published: 25 February 2019 Abstract: This study presents an outlook on the renewable energies in Iraq, and the potential for deploying concentrated solar power technologies to support power generation in Iraq. Solar energy has not been sufficiently utilized at present in Iraq. However, this energy source can play an important role in energy production in Iraq, as the global solar radiation ranging from 2000 kWh/m2 to a 2500 kWh/m2 annual daily average. In addition, the study presents the limited current solar energy activities in Iraq. The attempts of the Iraqi government to utilize solar energy are also presented. Two approaches for utilizing concentrated solar power have been proposed, to support existing thermal power generation, with the possibility of being implemented as standalone plants or being integrated with thermal power plants. However, the cost analysis has shown that for 50 kW concentrated solar power in Iraq, the cost is around 0.23 US cent/kWh without integration with energy storage. Additionally, notable obstacles and barriers bounding the utilization of solar energy are also discussed. Finally, this study proposes initiatives that can be adopted by the Iraqi government to support the use of renewable energy resources in general, and solar energy in particular. -
Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power Towers in Chile
energies Article Potential Map for the Installation of Concentrated Solar Power Towers in Chile Catalina Hernández 1,2, Rodrigo Barraza 1,*, Alejandro Saez 1, Mercedes Ibarra 2 and Danilo Estay 1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago 8320000, Chile; [email protected] (C.H.); [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (D.E.) 2 Fraunhofer Chile Research Foundation, General del Canto 421, of. 402, Providencia Santiago 7500588, Chile; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +56-22-303-7251 Received: 18 March 2020; Accepted: 23 April 2020; Published: 28 April 2020 Abstract: This study aims to build a potential map for the installation of a central receiver concentrated solar power plant in Chile under the terms of the average net present cost of electricity generation during its lifetime. This is also called the levelized cost of electricity, which is a function of electricity production, capital costs, operational costs and financial parameters. The electricity production, capital and operational costs were defined as a function of the location through the Chilean territory. Solar resources and atmospheric conditions for each site were determined. A 130 MWe concentrated solar power plant was modeled to estimate annual electricity production for each site. The capital and operational costs were identified as a function of location. The electricity supplied by the power plant was tested, quantifying the potential of the solar resources, as well as technical and economic variables. The results reveal areas with great potential for the development of large-scale central receiver concentrated solar power plants, therefore accomplishing a low levelized cost of energy. -
California Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment / Final Environmental Impact Statement for Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System
CALIFORNIA DESERT CONSERVATION AREA PLAN AMENDMENT / FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR IVANPAH SOLAR ELECTRIC GENERATING SYSTEM FEIS-10-31 JULY 2010 BLM/CA/ES-2010-010+1793 In Reply Refer To: In reply refer to: 1610-5.G.1.4 2800lCACA-48668 Dear Reader: Enclosed is the proposed California Desert Conservation Area Plan Amendment and Final Environmental Impact Statement (CDCA Plan Amendment/FEIS) for the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System (ISEGS) project. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) prepared the CDCA Plan Amendment/FEIS for the ISEGS project in consultation with cooperating agencies and California State agencies, taking into account public comments received during the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. The proposed plan amendment adds the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System project site to those identified in the current California Desert Conservation Area Plan, as amended, for solar energy production. The decision on the ISEGS project will be to approve, approve with modification, or deny issuance of the rights-of-way grants applied for by Solar Partners I, 11, IV, and VIII. This CDCA Plan Amendment/FEIS for the ISEGS project has been developed in accordance with NEPA and the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976. The CDCA Plan Amendment is based on the Mitigated Ivanpah 3 Alternative which was identified as the Agency Preferred Alternative in the Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement for ISEGS, which was released on April 16,2010. The CDCA Plan Amendment/FEIS contains the proposed plan amendment, a summary of changes made between the DEIS, SDEIS and FEIS for ISEGS, an analysis of the impacts of the proposed decisions, and a summary of the written and oral comments received during the public review periods for the DEIS and for the SDEIS, and responses to comments. -
Desertec: Powering Europe with the Sahara Finance
Finance 663 International Finance Desertec Desertec: Powering Europe with the Sahara Finance 663: International Finance Cambell Harvey 2/27/2014 Tsiri Agbenyega Rafael Andreata Crystal Bai Richard Bethune Finance 663 International Finance Desertec As the financial crisis heated up in 2008, Europeans Kept an eye on the bigger threat of climate change. European governments, utilities and industrial concerns cast about for salvation in the greatest energy resources of the Middle East and North Africa: their solar and wind energy. The smartest minds in Europe assembled an audacious plan to invest nearly €400 billion in renewable energy projects to feed Europe green energy from across the Mediterranean. Would it worK? Background Desertec Foundation The DESERTEC Concept shows concretely how the use of renewable energy in deserts and arid regions could lead to the positive further development of global society. The supply of businesses and households with clean, safe power at reasonable prices is crucial to the development of a prosperous society and the creation of job opportunities for development for large segments of the world population. Crucially, clean electricity from the desert is free from CO2 emissions and thus does not threaten the stability of the climate. The Desertec Foundation worKs in close collaboration with all sectors of society - government, industry, academia and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) - with the aim of bringing all relevant staKeholders together and promoting cooperation for the concept’s implementation. Between 2003 and 2007, the DESERTEC Concept was developed by an international networK of politicians, academics and economists. It was developed by the Trans-Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC), a voluntary organization founded in 2003 by the Club of Rome and the National Energy Research Center Jordan, made up of scientists and experts from across Europe, the Middle East and North Africa (EU-MENA).