The University of Newcastle Upon Tyne Department Of

THE UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLEUPON TYNE

DEPARTMENTOF CIVIL ENGINEERING

THE EROSIONRESISTANCE OF COMPACTEDCLAY FILL IN RELATION TO EMBANKMENTOVERTOPPING

Vo1.2

A. K. HUGHESBSc(Hons)

N ý1 T'(NE

ACCESSIOi\ No. I LJ.. ATION

80-16795

PhD THESIS BEST COPY

AVAILABLE

Variable print quality PAGE

NUMBERING

AS ORIGINAL, Record of incidents

The following incident sheets give basic information taken from the files assembled on incidents/accidents/failures assembled by the Author.

Notes

1. Use the computer print-out pages to check whether the dam

has an alternative name - if so consult all relevant entries.

2. Entries are in alphabetical order.

3. All dimensions to the nearest metre. Section A. Incidents/Accidents - International Cases. COLBnTlrf. NAJTE OF DArd. ABU HABBA IRAQ (m). AREA. HEIG'3T. BAGHDAD

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment .CJ 47,1 W IIIX-M-i Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. '''_ *_*-I CORE. Concrete Buttress 98ROru Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. 600 B. C. IMERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDý S:

Failed due to flood. Irrigation Dam.

Personal Communication Mr. Gruner. Babb. Catalog of Dam Disasters. COýITRY' NAHE OF DAM. ADHEIM IRAQ.

(m) AREA. MIG'-RT. . 15m- (m). M. R. CREST LENGTH. 175m.

Embankment B fi11 Puddle RotInmar CORE. Concrete TTYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. - -Geftwpe#e- Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. 2500 B. C. RESý,'RVOIR CAPACITY m3 INNCIDE S: Failed 1250B. C. due to flood. On the Adheim River, a trib. to Tigris. Flashy river of small average flow; masonry wall; western end turns through 90' and continues for 24m to form one bank of the canal called Nahr Batt. Max. ht. of 15m but this rapidly reduces towards sides. Cross section is trapezoidal 3m. thick at crest '15m, thick at base. Water face- vertical. Ail face - uniform slope with masonry stepped leaded joints. Irrigation.

Personal communication... Gruver. (p. N. Smith. History of Dams. 80). COUITTRY. NAT-'!E OF DAM. AFTERBAY. U. S. A. AREA. HE? " "(m). 5m. N. California.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Puddle TYPE. Gravity ASATE2IAL. Rock-fill CORE,. Concrete wes -Concrete Membrane. max

RMEiVOIR CAPACITY YBAR OF COHPLL'T I O?J . 1967. m3 INCID3NTS: Incident 1967. On the Pit River N. California. Started 1965. Rockfill + gravity. Left end ; c2reless rockfill ; right end ; concrete with notch /seo to pass 280m without overtopping. Rockfill overtopped by 3m with a flow of 2400m3 //sec.

Personal Communication Gruner Says 15m. 1970 ICOLD Montreal. pp389-403. COUIITRY. NAIL OF DAT.'!. Aguacaliente Mexico.

i_IG7P. (rn). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Si r4- r MATJRIAL. -t+". 4 =1 CODE. Concrete 6"efercb'e Membrane. 9t

RTSý'ýVOIR CAPACITY YIIAR OF COT.IPLI"PIO! . m3 IPICID--NTS:

1973. Water supply - Mexico.

Personal Communication Gruner.

I NAM, OF DLY. Aguacaliente COÜFJTRY. Mexico.

IUIG"'T. (m). ATA.

(rn) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embank. -nent Earthfill Puddle Re. TYPE. oW - MATERIAL. . eW-4-1-1 co.W. Concrete e Membrane. A44"e

)MAR OF CO?IPL"LTIO?:. RTSr'IVOIR CAPACI^Y m3 INCIDENTS:

1973. Water supply - Mexico.

Personal Communication Gruner.

i COMTRY NA1"ID OF DA"! " AHIISTOGLAN. . TURKEY.

HEIG"T"(m)" 5m. Al A.

CREST LENGTH. (m). Y. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. 1 CORE. Concrete TYPE .- ftv=itT 44 azz 4ea*e 2"ienbrene. gei- Nacoa=w

YDAR OP CO?'PLETIO? T. 1967. R'TS*MVOIR 0APACITY m3 INCIDENTS: Overtopped 1967.

Personal Communication. Gruner. ICOLD 1969. COÜFITRY. NAME OF DAP'.. AKERMAN 1&2. U. S. A. (m) AREA. itIG"T . . 15.24m 4 4.57m" Mississippi. (n) I;. R. CR^ST LENGTH. .

Embankr ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE., axwd z MATERI?ýL. ^_»ý-okf i COR^. Concrete 't.; -- $ ýra+s fMn, rrýiR. 2Senbrane. at h r- rý

YIBAR OF CO!TPLMIQ'T. RTS-'IVCI'? CAPACI^Y

m3 INCID ITS:

Farm reservoir 50ft 15.24m high failed due to failure of a 15ft 4.57m. high dam immediately upstream; cascade failure. Spillway of both dams were little ditches cut around the ends of the embankments and only slightly larger than the dry weather streambed.

Sowers. Consulting Engineer 1961 vol. 17 ppl06-114. COMTTRY. NAJ, OF 214°L0 osombo Ghana. (m). A4A. IMIG"T . 111.0m. Ii. R. CRTST LENGTH. (m).

ý} t Erma=l Puddle TYPE. NÄT"MIAL. Rochfill COR^. Concrete C4nope, . e Membrane. Other Mftseftry

YIBAR OF CO?IPLLTIO? T. ins". IVCITI CAPACITY u/Cý 3 148 x 109 m IITCITT? ITS :

Failed 28/07/1963. Cofferdam. Flooded during construction. Built 1963. Flow through surface rockfill - unravelling. Completed 1965" Volta River Finished ht. 141m. Lth. 640m. Spillway Capacity 20000m3/sec.

Catalog of Dam Disasters. Personal Communication Gruner. Civil Engineering vol 34 Nr. 12 1964. 'From Adversity' The Times May 25th 1965. COLTf1TRY. DIA1"MOF DA"!. ALCORA SPAIN. (M). AR3A. IB; IG"'T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). I. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORD. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane, Other Masonry

YBAR OF CO?IPLE IO"_1. R'S"-'IVCIR C! PACI^Y

m3 IPTCIDý?1TS :

Overtopped 1792.

Personal Communication Gruner. , COtriTTRY. NAT-'l- OF JAI . ALYCON. U. S. A. r_ (r). AR A. New Jersey. CREST LL'NGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcrºent Earthfi ll Puddle ! TYPE. Gravity MATHßIAL. * - COE. Concrete Buttress i+* e Membrane. Other rT

1896 CAPACI'°Y YBJAR OF CO!.1PL"M I O'_i. R^C-'IVOIR rn3 INCIDENTS :

Failed 18th June 1896. Nr. Pitman Grove New Jersey. 20 acre lake completely drained. Two bridges and a highway washed out.

Personal Communication Gruner. Catalog of Dam Disasters.. E. R. vol 34 p 80. NA1-11OP 7A! ALIBEY. COLITTRY. TURKEY (n). FtIG'T. 38.5m. Alf, A. ISTMTOUL

(m) 1". R. CIfl T LTITGTH. . 352m.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE Qpavi4y MATMIÄL. fl- : fit CORE. Carrcret-e I. ?. 440sa ry

'MAR OF CO?'PLETIC"r. u%c. RTSTiVCIR CAP_1CI? Y 3 97x 106 ý' INCID--,', TTTS : 12th May 1974 under construction. 5 Km N. E. of Istambul. Earthfill on Alibey Creek Water supply. On carboniferous greywacke, shale, sandstones partly buried by uncemented pleistocene gravels, sands & silts. Low strength foundatinn + high density population downstream. Therefore staged constr. used with elaborate instrumentation. Gated spillway in right abutment. Outlet works designed so that far larger discharige than for normal use. Total discharge cap. of emergency outlet 95m3/sec There is another outlet facility next to the pumphouse regulated by a 1.4m. x 1.4m slide gate, which normally releases water for d/s water-rights- but in an emergency will discharge 28.3m3/sec at max. water surface elevs Total cost estimate ; 0x10 TL- Drainage Area 160 Km Mean Annual Rainfall 800mm. Av. Flow 1.5m3/sec. Resv. dead storage 3x106 m3 gross cap. 97x 106 m3 Normal water elev. 36.75m max. cap. 119 x 106 m3 Max water level 39.8m Earthfill sloping core max. ht. 38.5 m; ht. from foundation to cutoff 5m. crest lgth. 352m. crest width 10m. crest elev. 42m. freeboard5.25m. Gated crest spillway lgth. 16.6m o, right embankment at elev . 30.5m Design peak flow 1000m /sec.

Large Darns in Turkey(1967) LCOLD by Ural & Ungan. ý4 T

L Al

fill

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J COMMIITIY IT9,M OF A.T. ALTMAN. . U. S. A. AITIA. IM,IG-7 (ii). Colorado. (m) TI. 072~T L7'NVGTH. .

Emban1ent Earthfill Puddle TYPT. Gravity MIATJRIA.L. Rockfill C0ß73. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other r'asonry

OF C O!T R'ýSý`ýVCIR CAPACITY YfhR 01'PLRT I . m3 ITICIDDNTS: Failed 1901. Altmpn Colo. "Another dam for supplying water was completely washed away.

Catalog. E. N. May 30th. 1901 vol. 45 n. 22. p. 385. NPu-rý 0r3 AS. ALTON. COMTTTZY. Canada.

ID3IG"T. (m)" 2m. EA" Ontario.

CR?IST LENGTH. (m). II. R.

Embaniclent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATTRIAL. Roclcfill CO?-. Concrete Buttress Concrete 1Ternbrane. Other Masonry

YB?,R OP COITPLE I0'?. RrS"TMIR OAPACI^Y

m3 ITTCIDTTTS : Failure 13 nov. 1889. Mill darn broke. 5or6 daps below first gave wayin turn. 2 lives lost; 25000 dollars worth damage. 1 mile above Alton.

Catalog. Engineering & Building Record & Sanitary Engineering vol. 20 18891 New York. p. 362. COU1nY. NNA1-T,OF DA". ALCYON LAKE U. S. A. (m). ARM. imIG--T. New Jersey.

CREST LE`NGTH.(m). R

Embank ent E arthfill Puddle MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete TYPE. -äßy -3 Membrane.

OF CO? O!T RrS"7fVCIR C:1FÄCI' Y `II3KR '_PLETI . m3 INCIDINTS : Failure 1896. Pitman Grove New Jersey. Two Bridges & highway washed out.

Gamer. . E. R. vol. 34 p. 80. NAI"'L OF DA'. ALYCON as ALCYON. C0_+'1'ßy.

lir, IG"T. (n). AflA.

(m) R. CREST LMNGTH. . i".

Embarient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity 1NI: Roc!: fill COi ÄTERI4L. . Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other T,Iasonry

YDAR OF CO?TPL7PIO7'. R'?ST1VOIfl CAPACI^Y

m3 INCID2TNTS : COÜi1TRY. NAI'1I OF DP! " ANACONDA U. S. A. (m). NEIG"T. 22m(72ft) AIRCA. Montana.

CREST LENGTH. I.I. R. -(m). . Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Crerrs y MAT_RIAL . coin, t 1a. -

YDAR OP COTTPLE'TION. RTSVOIR C 1PACITY 1898 m3 70000000gal IPICID:, S: Failed 28/07/1938. No known reason for failure; probably seepage slide. Owned by Anaconda Copper Mining Co. Earthfill with core. 40 years old. It had a spillway.

Catalog. Lessons from Dam Incidents. A. S. CE. E. N. R. 4/8/1938 vol. 121 p. 126 COTBTTRY. NAI'M OF 3"A"!" ANDERSON U. S. A. (m)" AREA. 101077T. 13.41m.

CR]ST LENGTH. (m). T1.R.

Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. '_'_ '-R CORE. Concrete Membrane. Masonry

YBBAROF COHPLETIOrd. R'SE1VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS: G.)z+ UUI'U i to"

Failed 28/12/1902. Masonry dam gravity section. 44ft 13.41m) high and something over 25ft(7.63m) wide at base. 20ft(6.10m) and 10ft(3.05m) of the width had been ad.d. ed to the original structure by anchor bolting. The d'am was overt'oppeü by 7.5ft(2.29m) of water and the upper section overturned'. Trib of Elk Creek Irrigation clam. 100 people killed 13mis. d/a in Elkhead. 234 acre- feet.

Not able Dam Failures of the past. E. N. R. vol 100 p,. 472. .ý on Topographical Survey of the State, showing that a an Indicated above. memorial had been presented to the Legislature asking for Also the in Section N. from Station 86 QO to 00 + 80. a distance of 680 ft.. a on east side north- an appropriation of $40,000 for this purpose, and as the to Station 49 irregularly from 100 to 600 (ft.? ) a maximum height of 56 It.. would ward and U. S. Geological Survey would provide an equal amount 5.8 6 bad bottom aaasoury core-wall, whose foundations east, an area of to acres of exists which this would give $80,000. No appropriation was made. depth 10 ft. below the special treatment. It was from this section that but the be brought bend to a of requires matter will again up at the next se, - by ' wolr. the soft top soil was taken scrapers and made Into sion of the Legislature. In the meantime, the State Geol- be 30 to 00 + 80. a distance of 2i0 ft embankment. The bottom should excavated sufficiently oglst. Mr. Inne, has set aside $2,000 for the work from being filled better a retaining wall would be required below grade to permit of up with his own appropriation. eight of 03 M. to take the place of a material. By request of the Mayor, Dr. E. W. Dewey than brought to the said under conditions similar to the The specifications attached. contract allow su111- up the question of the city's water supply, which at pres- In eient discretion on the part of the engineer the matters ent In very bad. He advocated a supply from artesian the 1hle location for such a retaining wall of selection of material, stepping the slopes of em- wells, ff a auMelent quantity could be obtained In this material, at In 1180 with the foot of the slope of bankments, rolling and wetting down the the way; and next to this be recommended Grand River. Mr. bottom for each location, with return ends, to preparation of the the reception of concrete, Muenechor considered that the river was the natural 'vi to be Insure ll now founded on rock. This plan and the thickness of concrete used, to a well- source of supply, and that neither private firms nor the ' built I have to that the etructlon of not loss than 42,1100 Cu. work, and only add with exception government should be allowed to continue the present pol- I'nr7 Inner lining far Iri Section N. laid In Portland cement, costing of the as as constructed all lution of Its water by selvage. Mr. Bacon. of New York. rjw. have been done. the work of the contractor appears to well described the Bacon air-lift system of pumping from deep 1 to make the beat use of the material' wells, and thought a sufficient supply could be developed 'Onetruct the Inner slope of the em- to this way, as has been done at Jackson, Mich. Outherly FURTHER DETAILS OF THE FAILURE OF THE PORT- and easterly sides, and the Dr. Bessey made the common mistake of appealing to t %oft, as to reduce the seepage to a MAN SHOALS DAM, NEAR ANDERSON, S. C. the society for assistance to the city's diMAculty, for It is certainly not the function of engineering societies to do aded In our issue of Jan. 9, we gave a brief account, by Kingabrldge Road and Jerome work for nothing which should properly be entrusted to gk4kment, has accompanied by a cross-section, of the failure of on which no work been experts, who have made the particular class of work a LBrs, is tar It the dam the Anderson Water, Light & Power made, as as has been of specialty, and who should be specially engaged and paid sandy material, run to by scrapers Co. Through the kindness of Mr. Geo. H. Crafts, by the city. Ott bottom. It will require an average an engineer of Atlanta, Ga., we are enabled to At the evening session the President, Mr. Wm. B. Sean, lining to properly prepare the inner four delivered the annual address, and a paper on "Drainage, 14 present views of the wrecked dam, taken on (Oats House No. 6) to station 104. Ventilation. " by Mr. A. B. Raymond, Jan. 1. The dam was built across the Seneca Heating and of De- about 3T. 000 cu. ids. of good material trolt, River, some ten miles from Anderson, S. C. It was presented. At the meeting on Wednesday morning, the first paper %4 failed about midnight on Sunday, Dec. 29. The from the earth overlying the rock. presented was by C. Y. Dixon, otli Amherstburg, Ont., on to accompanying views Indicate that the damage 46 and 300 to 600 (ft.? ) east, where "Methods of Making Hydrographit Surveys and Carrying 'ts further 10 ft. of suitable material. e nount- extended down Into the original dam (see Government Improvements. " This described methods A on 3'1,000 to. yds. The deficiency can below) than was reported In our Issue of Jan. 9. of laying out work on the fee. awarding contracts and the small deposit of good earth In the Figs. 1 and 2 are views of the wrecked dam measurements of excavation.

'ý ; ý. -.. r.y}, re.; ýý c ýý. ý' ý`w!... "w' "-ýº terra ": 'V ý" .. .%,

4/ ; y. ., yam". r. ý^ ý ý` ti : r ý. _ -" _. I

',, ; tom. eý'.ý F. N6. Ngwb. . ' =: ' .X .

Fig. 1. General View from Below. Fig. 2. Nearer View from Below. VIEWS OF WRECKED DAM AT PORTMAN SHOALS, NEAR ANDERSON, S. C.

4a '' by R. E. Horton. Utica, 80.200 (ft.? ) east, containing a from below. and FIg. 3 shows one end of the por- A paper on "Backwater. of ý+ýda Thew two remaining deposits tion left intact. Figs. 2 and 3 Indicate quite N. Y.. was read In the absence of the author and proved Interesting, deveibping discussion. Mr. E. W. puddle material available on the clearly the line between the old dam and the ad- very some tIOLfas Muenscher. Of Manistee, thought the subject was of Im- 23 to 30% of clay, mixed with dition made in 1901. Fig.. 4 shows some bad cav- I portance. but doubted If any but approximate results could or no mica. would recommend Ities In the masonry, while in Fig. 2 may be seen Ved for embankment work. ever be obtained by mathematical methods. Messrs. llodg- , a large mass of masonry that held together and the lies of embankment between man. Strong and Williams referred to Individual cases. down stream. We from Mr. I would recommend that footing was carried quote particularly in regard to the relation of Ice levels to the ýe Craft's letter to this journal, dated Jan. 10, of the slope, crossing the three as actual levels of backwater. This was followed by a paper Dowaglac River Improvement, H. Goss. amore-wall is not founded upon rock, follows: on "The " by W. 1 the Bangor, Mich. An this to below: to be left to the judgment of The old dam was butjt in 1893 (or 1897-Ed. ) and was of abstract of given consider a depth of 8 to 9 It., mak- about 23 It. high, 21 ft. wide at the base nd 8 ft. at the IMPROVEMENT OF THE DOWAGIAC RIVER FOR top. Last summer an addition was made by building a or 100, as sufficient. These walls section about 11 ft. wide outside of the old dam (making DRAINAGE PURPOSES. purpose of the em- ' in 32 ft. base) 8 ft. Michigan Is tributary tit. It supporting all width at the and with top width This river a of . the Joseph ä rlal, and to act as an additional before. Increasing its ft.. River, and In about 2.3 miles long on an air line, or at In Apparetly t21 junction between the least three times long If the is followed. der moving In the direction of the all. no as river course ýOnstructlon old and new dams below the top of the old dam, but Im- About two-thbds of the length, at the upper end. Is, Queens Lane of the medlately at the too of the old dam railway rails were through a swamp I to 2 miles wide, and the river Is to be S ed to, these walls were carried used to tie the two together. Improved to drain this nramp, as the land is very fertile.

t I -* II M 4. s

NAM OF DAP,'. com711fY. 3 ANTANIFOTSY MADARGASCAR. (m). HEIG'?T. 4m. AREA.

(m). M. R. CREST LENGTH .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. y MATERIAL. R ]1 CORE. Concrete Bye" Membrane. Otiter Nsse*w

OF IPLL PIO? Rý'Sý3VOIR CAPACITY YEAR COI. d . m3 IITCID ITS: Failed 1958 4m. high Earthfill dam.

IM6- 'I

NAND OF DA!. AQUACALIENTE MUMMY. U. S. A.

HEIG'?T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COTIPLE'PION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 IPICID ''PS:

Failed 1973.

t NAME OF DAM. ARIZONA CANAL COtIfl2'fY. U. S. A.

(m) AIMEA. HEIG''P. . 10m. Arizöna.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 304.8xi" M. R.

F______EOV4hf l Puddle TYPE. G i4y MATERIAL. Rockfill CORD.. Concrete 3 brcas genera 4e Membrane. Other ty

YBAR OF COMMCOMPLETION. RESERVOIR C m3 INC IDUITS : Failure 1905. near Phoenix Arizona. Timber crib/rockfill. fastened to bedrock. 10m high overtopped. Base 36-48ft. Crest 1000ft(304.8m). Break occureci with 7.7ft of water over300ft centre of crest. ýi

NAM OF DA?!. AFMANDO SALLES DE OLIVEIRA COMYRY. Mexico.

HEIG7T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ct L #y MATIAL. R1 CORE. Concrete _ER Bttb tre ss Genet-et e Membrane. pftee"Ty

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RTS'''IV0IR CAPACITY

m3 I11CID7fiTTS:

See EUCLIDES.

3 1ý i COTn"ItIZY. NAME OF DA".' . ASHIZAVA Japan.

HEIG"T. (m). 15m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. "-R rl CORE. Concrete Buttress '11vacrct Membrane. Other ý'ýýs

YBAR OF COT"IPLET I OIT 1912. . Ri S"TIVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDITTS: Failure F2) 1956. Built 1912 ht 15m Earthfill u/s 1; 2.5 d/s 1: 2.4m wide crest. Overtopped during heavy rain. Chute spillway 5.2m long. Design discharge capacity of spillway 4.1 m3/sec. I

July 12-17 1956 rainfall 264.7mm. Particularly on July 16 th when daily 113.5mm Before 1.3m below rainfall was . rain resv. was normal flood height.

Spillway inadequate washed away 30m. of d/s face. NAME OF DAM. ASHLAND COtrnTfY. U. S. A.

(m). 12.19m(40ft). AREA. HEIL-P. Penn. CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Arm. MSATETIAL. n+! 'i CORE. Concrete smikikaww Membrane. QAiwmr 17

YI?AR OF COMPLETION. 1900 RESERVOIR CÄPACITY m3 INCID'QTS: ow acre 11.

Failed 31/12/1901. On Reader Gulch, Ashland. Pennsylvania* on Cold Spring Brook.. Cascade from Haupt Estates dams. j 800 acre ft. Built 1900 for water supply. 40ft high earthfill. 8900 people at Ashland

March 22 1928 100 PP472-473" . N. R. vol 10/12/1936 810. . N. R. p. RTES. E. N. dec. 26 1901. vol. 42. n. 26 p. 481. ATRUSH COUtUTRY. IRAQ. NAME OF DAM. iiEIG'7T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. CORE Concrete Buttress ýe Membrane. Other Masonry

YIJAR OF C01? PLE Ord I . R= VOIR CAPACITY m3 I! TCID--NT S:

Failure. Atrush River ; trib. of Tigris. North of Mossul i Masonry Dam. Completed 700B. C. Flood on a trib of Khazir built by Sennacherib.

Gruver.. Smith N' History of Dams. NAHE OF DAFT. AUSTIN CCUEITRY" U. S. A.

SIG""T. (m). 9.6m AREA. FENN.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 17Om M. R.

rb il ý Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Ree! J 111 CORE. Concrete Btix64"" "iteYedºe Menbrane. Other "ý+ýý*ýS'

YBAR OF COMPLETION. R3S"TIVOIR CAPACI^Y

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failure. 18/07/1942.

North branch of Freeman's Run. 2m1 North of Austin, Penn.. 65M gallons. Heavy rain. Disasterous flood to Borough of Austin.

Timber 9.6m high - rock filled 174Dm long.

Austin = Bayliss Dam.

E. N. R. Vol. 139 11/12/44 pill. DNPJ OF DA:,. AUSTIN COUr7$RY. U; S. A.

1LIG"'T (m) . . 18.29m AREA. TEXAS (m) Cl15T LENGTH. . 332.54m P. R.

Embankment Bambbrom Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. f"! a CORE. Concrete Membrane. Masonry

YIIILR OF COI.IPLETIOP?. 1893 RrSTIVoIß C:1PACITY

m3 flTCIDNTS:

Masonry - faced on u/s and d/s with granite blocks. Failed 07/04/1900. Height 60' (18.29n)Length 1091' ('332.54m)

Colorodo River. Cost 1t4009000 dollars. 66ft (20.12m) thick at base. A freshet and great depth of water flowing over crest forced 500ft (152.4m) of darn down river. 500,000 dollars damage.

A prelimimary failure had occurred before, when a layer of loose material in the rock below the foundation of the haadgate maonry washout. This had been repaired., but there was still leakage in1900. On April 7th 500ft portion of dam swept out, moving it 50ft down river. Failure described as sliding out bodily at the base of that portion which failed. 8 persons dro`ied.

Built 1893. Height 68ft. Crest 1275ft.

Reconstructed in 1911 by filling gap with hollow concrete section 9ft lower than old dam. Damaged again in 1995 by floods. Declared unsafe - rebuilt 1940 to height of 100ft.

5" of rainfall from lpm on the 6/4/1900 till 4am on 7/4/1900 and the surrounding area of 100 miles radius.

By 11.20am on the 7th water had reached 11.07ft above top of dem 1.27ft hig1fer than any previous flood. Gave way 300ft from the east end.

EINR Feb. 21 1918 Vol. 80 P35 EN July 11 1891

Classified Review of Dam and Resovoir. Failures of the past - MT Vol. 47 p506. Notable Dam Failures of the Past ENR Vol. 100 p472 Historic Failure of Masonry Structures - Water and Water Eng. 1918 Sept. 20th p218 February 21,1918 ENGINEERING NEWS-RECORD 363: '.

nun for riding shipments of tile and other materials Will Cost Half Million To Make from the West. These men had orders to get the mate- delays rial to Washington, and no excuses or were Austin Dam Usable considered. As a result a steady flow of materials was kept D. Mead Advises secured and the construction organization has been W. City That the Partly Rebuilt Dam` busy at high speed. Still Is Defective in Foundation and The unusual quantities of supplies bought, delivered Superstructure and used in the buildings is indicated by some of the figures. The orders included 7500 double-hung windows HAT the Austin dam, of unfortunate history, is irr: danger the with frames, shipped from Iowa; 30,000 lb. of sash T and will require expenditure of $573,04. ' weights; 1,000,000 ft. of tarred felt for subfloors; mate- to make it safe and available for use is the finding. rials for 65,000 sq.yd. of exterior plastering, and 6 of Daniel W. Mead, consulting engineer, who was called- ". carloads of nails. in by the City of Austin, Tex., to investigate the coü :. ' The organization at the site reached a maximum ditions. After reviewing the defective foundationg, strength of 3400 men. The work was carried on by the possibilities of sliding, the present leakage, and the George A. Fuller Co. as general contractors on a the unfavorable character of the river bed, Mr. Mead ; percentage basis, with the W. G. Cornell Co. as arrives at the conclusion that "there is a real danger

"ýý,,: w fi t.: :: ý. "±, `"'; ý, Y+i. "t'1'ýº,.,; r I*t! 3' "F; ti. o , "-:: "i. /ý-ict i". ^:: `? t"yý, ti ". ý. . t"-ý ý; .:. :1.. r"" 61h ý.. S.3f 1.Qsia,. ý..`r.. ý`ý; t ....,. -..ý :r".., ý... ýa. ýsý-ý., i {` "'*ý - "`T >, ý:. ""t.,;:ilý: ixl, eý. ýi'ý ý1`rý rrý ýý: " , _.. ". ', "ý: ýr.. ý` .. .ý. . ": tº: ýiiAý 'S"ý.... '=":. yY - 'll"ýý .. dý7f. r"ý"'ý'iý'-"-- _ý .' "'-ý ` -ýý_ _.. ti"_'. , ý. . -t. ý, Rý^". ý-.... ý. _-n III "- _ _.. __. "'~ .... - _ _ t11ý10 `^-:. ". ^ i".... ý-ý". 1.i "jig r"iýr,. ý,. rr. _: ... "::: ^.. ý. _...... "IYft'rf tºiYirn. rr'r.....ýý'iýýý: ý( (ß, 'ý11ý11ý, { r' }" :ý^: ýýrýrýrýý ^ýý'rrºIIýýý]ý, p. IýýtA yr rA ý{"1 /i, 1. 1{ý. It'ý''ý î taataaaaaaaaýaýýýýýýtýýýtýaar"r err= ýr, iýj rrr ý tf i'ýIIý >t ýýýF{iriý; ' ýI. ýr ýt7 rrr fý, ýý! }{ ý ºý ýI> ý.., i+ýt rt + 1.1 : rýlý , . ",,.;! ` ýT r- . cý_ ! ýi ý .. ý'ýt 11.1 ýjý Iýri + 1w 1 Ii'I. ,I 11rr. t. ýI (Iiýliý . i.t ý', "t`; 1 jý / NMI ýýct'Hý{, 1ý 1ýý t "! rail`tir i [ >1 (Li}.r! 11Ìý-Iýýr aal ttt ':.. eÌ, Iý "r `- , , ýr. ýýr; II ýýý '. 'ý "tl 1f/"i ý'ý rf . yt , ý'. .. ,/Itý, t ýýýýý Iºý1L', Iý` lýº:.., ' 11:. "'. t lt: . f [I 'ill IIý ýýý ý, ,ý, uý 111,ý., ýýýºý;ýýriý ý: "'ý wwýýIlri ý, ; ýýI' 11m ý; {' ; ý!;K-r: ý.týý lllli! 'i, ll ;'; ': "'" t lD. ý ýcrr. <.. ' ýýil. ýý+"stýýulo... ýi11r rWta. ra . -'" irýý=ýýt -. ýI ý,cQQiýº-ýýýý., aýýý. ý oýr-.. ý's::'. ýýcsý:, s;ýýjl'311tý'1 ,.t . ) h, INCREASING TO TEN FEET IN SOUTH SECTION. HEATING PLANT IS IN FOREGROUND

sub-contractors for the mechanical equipment. All of the destruction of the old portion if it is allowLI4 is being engineering and construction work carried on to remain in its present condition. " ";, under the general supervision of F. F. Gillen, with Wil- The history of the Austin dam on the Colorado River. liam Wooley as superintendent at the site, from plans is a chapter of mishaps due in part to engineering "$ prepared by Horace W. Peaslee, architect, under the conditions, but also to faulty promotional and financial '. ' 4 direction of Col. C. S. Ridley, in charge of the Office of methods and the interference of city officials with he"' Public Buildings and Grounds. engineers. A solid masonry dam built as a municijial. enterprise was completed in 1893. It was 1275 ft. long, Motor Truck Rail for Handling vs. Road Metal with a 66-ft. base and 60-ft. height above low watet'. Since the embargo on gondola cars for handling road In April. 1900, part of this dani failed by sliding down-'". *" materials, the Los Angeles County Road Department has stream. In 1911 the city granted a franchise foi"'. a, found it necessary to transport a considerable amount dam and water-power plant. The company holding this franchise filled by building hollow of material urgently needed for maintenance work. the gap a reinforced, -` "" Bids were accordingly invited for the conveyance by concrete dam. This had its crest 9 ft. lower than tbat"' motor truck of 6000 tons of decomposed granite. Inas- of the remaining part of the old dam, and both sectjpns*":.. much as well-paved highways extended for the entire were fitted with crest gates to bring the maximum pool.; 8.6 miles over which the material had to be moved, it to a level 6 ft. above the crest of the old dang. The. was considered that the cost of hauling by motor truck floods' of 1915 carried out some of the gates, filled "tlie ` should be comparatively low. raceway and caused other damage. ý. ": :' "' Four bids were received for this work. The success- Acceptance of the work by the city was refused autit, ful bid was submitted on an alternative plan of 10lc. various defects should have been remedied. Chapges "' per ton-mile, or at the rate of $2.57 per hour per 6-ton from the plans were discovered, and new leaks developed. - Funds truck. The hour rate guaranteed four round trips per for additional works were not available. and : the 68.8 day of 9 hours, making the total distance traveled contractor had to make an assignment. The po%yi!r.. 60c. miles per day. At the rail rate the cost was per company was deeply involved, and finally a receiver' ". for ton, and when hauled by motor truck on the ton-mile the property was appointed by the court. } basis, which was the one accepted, the cost worked out Mr. Mead's report (an illustrated volume of 214 pp: )states delivering to about 90.3c. per ton. Trucks are now about that for two years practically nothing has then 110 tons day. done toward per completing the plant, though some.-'ex- 354 ENGINEERING NEWS-RECORD Vol. 80,

aminations and reports have been made. In May, 191"x, During the construction of the apron, the insi the city council authorized the employment of an engi- the new part of the dam should be cleaned our neer to examine the conditions. Mr. Mead was engaged the bottom examined for signs of additional leaks. for the purpose. He was instructed to report on the old solid masonry portion should have the founds stability and efficiency of the dam and to indicate neces- and body filled with cement grout, and be strengtl sary changes or improvements of the structure, so that by the addition of concrete on the downstream the city might have full knowledge of the conditions and toe, as shown in the accompanying drawing. in case it should desire to purcliase the work or to Other work which is necessary includes the the insist upon the execution of the present contract. of seepage around the west end of the dam, repa Primarily, according to Mr. Mead, the foundations the sluice gates and sluiceways, making the heal and superstructure need extensive repair. At the heel masonry water-tight, rebuilding the headgate or upstream side of the dam thorough grouting of racks, clearing the tailrace, and "excavating suffi the foundation rock is necessary. In addition, a cut-off rock to give the water from the draft tubes a discharge and a maximum velocity of not over EI /16 per sec.

Watertight Expansion Joint Designed to ii Concrete Retaining Wall OR the concrete retaininl walls of the new to-Hill bridge at Bethlehem, Penn., Harr l---ýý 1 -- -- Finebaum,F assistant ehgineer to C. W. Hudson, 70- 21 has designed ! ýý 71!! 1//77/ilAn/r^iýr^! 77)lnlTnn7717/Iý 771jAiF " ------consulting engineer, an expansion 93------"-"------º+ Section of Old Stone which it is thought will permit the movement of Section of New Mallow Portion with Crest Gates Remo.. d the the same time prevent Reinforced-Concrete Portion and Proposed Concrete facing section's of wall and at (Crest Gates Recommended Renwved) water in the fill from making its way to the fac discoloratiön CONCRETE SECTION SHOULD HAVE CREST REMOVED the wall with consequent and crackin AND MASONRY 'SECTION STRENGTHENED the structure. The joint is shown in the accompan; drawing. It consists of two pieces of copper held in wall should be built above the new portion of the dam, concrete by lugs made by bending back the split being made 15 to 30 ft. deep according to the effective- of each piece and placed on each side of the joint i ness of the grouting. A similar wall at least 10 ft. one end projecting, through a groove in the conct deep should be built above the heel of the old portion, beyond the inside face of the wall. These protrw unless the grouting is found to be thoroughly effective. ends are then bent over to hold a copper flashing p If the leaks under Cie new portion are not stopped by across the joint between the sections in the wall. FL this work, they must be shut off by still deeper and ing and straps are bound together as shown with more thorough grouting at and adjacent to the fissures waterproofing fabric, against which the fill is placed where these leaks now appear. In any case these 'L" fissures should be well filled with grout, mortar or to depth 15 to 20 ft. concrete a of '"! Dr"ý'`"" Q. "; /ý., ý:. Depressions in the, river bed below the toe of the e. "Pf" Via:. new portion (hollow dam) trust be filled with concrete, forming an apron heavy 'enough to prevent further scour by flood. This filling must be carried up to an elevation above The footing of the cross-walls so as to give them a substantial bearing and resistance against sliding. In front of the old section (solid dam) a 50-ft. apron is desirable; but possibly not essential Position of Straps before Ploci of at the present time if the bottom is watched and re- Membrane Wo+erproo g paired whenever indicatio#s of erosion appear. 3' As dam treat the . to the proper, gates and piers on new portion of reinforced-concrete hollow section should 9 ft. to the #., he removed and the crest raised elevation . ... 0 -. -. - '- .. of that of the old structure, from which the crest gates :. will t should also be removed so*that the maximum pool r remain at the elevation of the original dam. Crest gates :t 6 ft. that the to raise the elevation above of original Ii ý. ,-'0. -. . ý" crest level of the dam are not recommended, as the D ': j ý. ý Detail the VOPPW increased power would not warrant additional ex- ýoyeý strapt Mr. Mead that the Dffvbric pense. considers most economical c, F r/cý törrtinuous ýfill '" /a'( p% .; PtExýcq/xs/aýJvi/ýt development will be given" with the original crest ele- SpJiýro/edCoFpeý 3 Completed Exdonsion Joint vation. The construction and maintenance of gates at irrespective WALL- this dam would be an expensive matter NEW EXPANSION JOINT MAKES RETAINING of their design. WATERTIGHT

.. ý NAI-'L OP DAT. AVALON COÜiTflY. U: S. A.

(m) ARM. I'IG"'T . . 13.1Om NEW MEXICO

CREST LENGTH-(et). 320.04m K. R.

Embanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cy MMATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete s 9rerei4 Membrane. .04ker

YBAR OF COIIPLETIO?T. RTS"TIVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failure. 1st 03/08/1893 2nd 01/10/1904' 1

Pecos River 6mis. north of Carlsbad, New Mexico. Earthfill and rockfill. Constructed 1893 by Pecos Irrigation District. Ht. 43ft (13.10m). Lt. 1050ft (320.04m).

(91.44m) J893 - Overtopped by flood washing out about 300ft to bedrock. Repaved and built 5ft (1.52m) higher thus (420.62m) 13r', Oft long then and 48ft (I4.6 2rl) high.

1904 through - 01/10/1904 - Major flood an Pecos, water passed flood - piping and burrowing animal. Rebuilt by U. S. R. R. in 1938.

Middlebrooks reports height at 58ft (17.63m). Crest width 6ft wide 400ft washed out. Rebuilt 1897.

F1 type failure.

36,6000 acre - ft P7,000 people in C arlsbed 5miles away.

q, v w.. v E-j rational Program for Safety of Dams USBR 1974 1runer list ef. Merriman 5th ed p1548 7/6/05 Vol-54 P9 ENR Sherard ICOLD 1969 COU T2flY. NAI"', OF DA°T.& ITOC4 U. S. A.

Hi IG"'T. (m). 17.4m AREA. Penn.

CM ST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Emban ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. qty MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete B Qone "e ! enbrane. O bher

MBAR OF COTIPLETION. 1893 RTS:,]'3VOIß CAPACITY M3 INCID TITS: 25/05/1894 Failure. I Reservoir - Overtorped.

Avoca., Pennsevaly - near Pittston on Susquehana.

Earth rock completed 1893, height 58ft (17.4m).

350,000 insufficient gal. - spill .

Classified Review of Dam and Reservoir Failures in U. S. A. FITTVol.. p506 FN 19/06/1902 Vol. n25 p506 PTAI.'Mý' OF BATT. BABU Y? R GORGE Cot mTTY. U. S. S. R.

IM IG--T. (m). lom AREA. UKRAITTT

CR1ST LL'NGTH. (m). Ti. R.

Embankment Earthfi11 Puddle 4& MAT^RIÄL. Book~ TYPE . COR^. Concrete Bi"offlo Membrane. Arbhe~

YBAR OF COP.IPLETIO? J. RMSI,71VOIR CAPACI^Y

m3 I! TCIDTITTS :

1961 - High winds. River Iüzeiner. I

Dý.mage 4,000,000 dollars. 145 'tilled.

Rolled ertrth - flooded lower parts of Kiev.

10m High. I

Catalog. Gruner List. Ref. Disasters in Dams and Bridges - H. Shirley-Smith - Jn. Advancement of Science June 1961 p386. 71 Bisira^ and @hetter ee - The Human dim. of Dam Safety ITeter Power Dec P446. Water and '-dater Eng. Tlater Power Dec. 1971 p447 COtmT'RRY. NAIVE OF DA''_. BADJJA ýl 'G'T.ý`'ISTAN

IM-IG-T. (m). ARDA.

(m) IT"R. CI ST LL'NGTH. .

Eýýýprt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G #y MATERIAL. Ree44"1 CORE. Concrete B pe s O-.1 re4e Membrane. Other leeigerepy

YDAR OF C O!"IPUET TON. RrSVCIR C1PACI^Y m3 IITCID TITS:

1971.

Natural lake. 1,000 killed. Overtopped. I

r NAIL OF DA". BAJA COÜiTRY0 "MEXICO

lOm ATýJA 1MIG''P_(m) . "

CREST LENGTH. (m). 11i.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT__ Rockfill CO.3^Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YEAR OF CO!!!PLE IO'?. Rý'S7ý3VCIi C,'tPACI^Y m3 INC ID2TITS:

2/10/1976.

Baja Californian Penin. near La Paz. 30ft earth dam - 10,0911 in total. Six mile trail of devistation. people shanty r_ ., ý". A Hurricane o-ý düi1RicXMcÖLL9 wipes out `^J _over ,L& PAZ, Mexico. MAY REAýH 1000 r.: burst dam, use by By IAN BRODIE in :AHurricane Liao, o geles a wall o! death' in .-L,; into low. ý"water tearing -sentthrough this, T HE toll the o'eVaand rushed state. capital In north-west Mexican hurricane dis" lying areas of the town. Mexico, . :, - leaving, at least 600 aster passed 630 yesterday/ About one-third of the build- people dead amd 50O missing.. ,togs . La (pop. 60,000) . h are still missing in Paz %-, La. Pax, on. -a-narrow nnger" undreds damaged destroyed land fear. that the were or and } of extending south. from. and-officials least 15 California. like First final be than In the barbour at small was a-- . toll. will more boats to 'World War" battlefield Way. 000. More I4, OOOper- were sunk or smashed Mud was than k`I; than ",,.;, 'feet'i "? more -thee have, been injured pieces! ,";.,, ý .;.,,.. deer In the-ctreetI and ,sons and Troops god rescue workers : 'thousands of buildings were 1-an estimated 40,000 left dug flattened damaged beypa througl; mud and sand or homeIess. 'c `?; }`' many feet deep in their search äaId'f" In Btate` ofl'lciats ; about 'Most of : the 'victims. -were- for more bodies. 4,000 *Deople. , were- 11*ured, the cesört city of La' Pao, at Masican Goxermnent, 30.000, bomeless - ,A . " wero - and the foot of 'the. Baja California spokesman said: "The people; ` many more were. in desperate 'of water dead in food. drinking. peninsula where -a wall say there are mangy, " need "of water the top of Rescue , rýd oX and mud spilled over , places. teams are`work-! the Äic'tims a 30-ft. dam crashed foot M any - vie" earth and ing by air and on to try to' through a-shanty town- housing find "-.:, : drowned whenrthe . th dam victims. "ý`:.. . 10,000 people. $dtroundin, i-.: ý,! ;,, :; -.. ýº.villages alsö were",, Shacks ro4'cardboard. Tarpaper severely hit -and the wholl, and corrugated iron were swept southern 'tie of Baja Cabtfornia' to by the flood, en Aeer$ Mid. ! t: vag si; miles , of " was'; described as 'a disaster to IGNORED WARNINGS a;_,'" ar? . provide emermency 'Officials '; '. 's o1,.drinitnf . water by ` 'of those, FOOD SHORTAGE. said rniny "'iI ,ow. ^' Sat "electricity killed in the shant ytown either. Officials appealed for food, be cut-throughout the failed to heed warnings to take medicine, doctors, clothing, tents shelter or did not get word of and construction materials. They 'thte approach of Hurricane Liza: .: said there was only enough food, --which- hit, with--winds--up- Tot--for-the--homeless-until-tonight Telegraph 30 rn. p. h, and. brought 51j: la' of ter hitting Las Paz, Lia 4 2 'a. ', ,W Praia at m. ou Fridap,. je_turned sharply: north, crossed the "} X)ther,s were drowned Gulf Californit hit tbe . .-I-. -. - ., when -a of; and. .- -I x-foot tidal wave swept acrasý t 'Mexicanmainland; causingm La. Paz Bay, tore out '200 damage. , Xards widespread , ý, -_

S. - -___J______.__ .. - SS-

-v. - " ý,.ý r-. r1AIE" OF DAFT. T3AJA COLii;T:? Y. "'ýXICO

I IG"T. (m). ion MCA.

(rn) 1t. R. CREST LEE"NGTH. .

Embank .ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Qravi#y MATMIÄL" RA"l'°"--1 CO. , Concrete &rees " 2"Ienbrane. O#hr sempy

YEAR OF C07PLC IO't. R^S71VCIß CAP.A. CI^Y

m3 INC IDENTS : 2/1,0/1976.

Baja Californian Penin. near La Paz. 30ft earth damn- 101010 neople_in shanty to-. m. Six mile trail of deviGtation. '-ý-Hurricäne wipes out HURRICANE TOLL REACH 7.. P. 9. Ld. riwn4'FJI, AAl, L1G7 MAY 1,000 Ä burst däui cK se ... over by By IAN BRODIE in ý.oý/ Angeles Hurricane Liza, sent a wall of water tearing through this IIE deathh toll in the r o'foiöc t 4väf v/aff and rushedr into low- state capital in north-west A1exican hurricane dis- lying areas of the town. Me. leavin least 600 . ' . mco. at asterT 630 About one-third of the build- people dead and 500 missing. passed yesterday ings in La Paz (pop. 60,000) La Paz, Hundreds are still missing on a narrow finger destroyed of land extending south from fear that the were damaged or and and officials in the harbour least 15 California, was like a First final toll be than at small World War battlefield today. will more boats %vere sunk or smashed to 1,000. More than 14,000 Mud was more than three per. p.eces. feet deep in the streets and sons have been injured and Troops thousands of buildings were left and rescue workers an estimated 4Ö000 dug t d sand flattened or damaged beyond- homeless. repair. many feet deep in their search State officials said about Most of the victims were in for more bodies. 4.000 people were injured, the resort city of La Paz, at Maxican Goxernment 20,000 were homeless and the foot the Baja California ,A "The in of spokesman said: people many more were desperate peninsula where a wall of water there dead in need of food drinking water say are many and niud spilled over the top of places. Rescue teams are work- and medicine. 30-ft. dam foot Many of the victims were a earth and crashed ing by air and on to try to drowned the dam through a shanty town housing find ' when earth 10,000 victims. burst during the hurricane people. Surrounding villages also were ythe morning. flooding Shacks tarpaper in of cardboard, severely hit and the whole slums and outlyint and corrugated iron were swept tin Baja California villages. to by the flood. southern of City engineers said It, was up six miles was described as a disaster hoped to provide emergency IGNORED WARNINGS area. supplies of drinking water by Officials said many of those FOOD SHORTAGE tomorrow. But electricity killed in Officials for food, the the shant ytown either appealed would failed to heed to take doctors, tents " of 7OcU'throughoutD°O Sor warnings medicine, clothing, beast shelter did get and construction materials. They a week. 4' or not word of ^A thte approach of Hurricane Liza said there was only enough food - which hit with winds up to for the homeless until tonight. TeleCraph 3/10/76 130 m.p. h. and brought 512in. of After hitting Las Paz, Liza rain at 2 a.m. on Friday. turned sharp1o - north, crossed the , O t h ers were drowne d when a Gulf of Calif rnit and hit t he six-foot tidal wave swept across Mexican mainland, causing more La Paz Bay, tore 200 damage. . out yards widespread , .} COUIITTY. NA1,TE OF DAM" BALDWIN HILLS. U. S. A.

NEIG"T. (m). 232ft. AREA. Cal'if.

CREST L NGTH. (m). 650ft. IT. R.

Embankment Earthfill TYPE. C r7 MAT"-itIAL. '--**'-t==-^^ CORE. 6e#. e Sumww Membrane. tr

YBAR OF COAIPL:1 I01T. 1951 RrS171VCIß CAPACITY 107 ham. m IPICID-LTTTS: Failure r4 12 1963. Movement in foundation caused rupture in resv. liner and under drains. Water under pressure entered siltstones and increased subsidence and over! topping. Built 1951.1 Vol of water 870 acre ft (107 ha. m. ) Swept over 8mls (12.87km) to Pacific. Washed out 50 million dollars orth of property. Specific cost of damage 9. /58000/acre ft; 56.3M per mile. 5 lives lost on Owens River,. Chattergee says 5 dead 27 injured. Some 16500 lived in area. good warning and evacuation. Another reason - subsidence caused by natural gas withdrawls from the I Inglewood Oil Field nearby. Subsidence 9ft(2.74m) vertically. City of Los Angeles sued 9 oil companies or 26M dollars but settled out of court for 4M dollars. V shaped breach 27m deep ; 23m wide 77mins to empty. Peak flow estimated to be 43000cfs. There were 738 acre ft of water in thi reservoir when the dam failed. 1200 evacuated because of efficient warning system. 11.15 arn. Keeper heard rushing water 4to 5 times amount of water coming o out of drainage system; muddy water. 12.20 am. Emptying of water started. 1.00pm. Muddy water started issuing from d/s slope. neighbourhood alerted. 1.30 pm. 4" crack in dam crest; police asked to evacuate neighbourhood. 1.45 pm. Crack widened to 3"". 2.20 pm. Falling resv. levelledrevealed a 31 wide hole in U$s face 2.50 pm. Attempts to sandbag hole. 3.00 pm. Attempts abandoned. 3.20 pm. fortax appeared on surface. 3.25. pm. Hole enlarged. 3.30 pm Breach right through dam water escaping through breach. 3.3 po m Complete collapse o crest. 3.40 pm. Breach. 4.00 pm. Reservoir practically empty. Gruner. Baldwin Hills Failure. Civil Engineering Feb 1964 p. 62 Walter Jessop. Water Power Oot. 1964 p. 405. Biswas & Chattergee. The Human Dimensions of Dam Safety. Water Power Dec. 1971 P. 446. E. N. R. 19/12/1960. p. 50. A. L. Little. BNCOLD. Problems of Embankment Dams. OF DM! COtflVPflY. U. S. A. NA!"'I * BALSA!. FLIG-T (m). AREA. New'Hampshire. . 18.29m.

CREST LENGTII. (m). 91.20m. I,7 .R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle Nýek-4"Z TYPE. Gravity MATERI?ýL . CORE. ßeftereim B-pese Concrete 1l!ß. Other Masonry

YI1'M OF C02IPLM I011. 1894. R'SýßVOIß CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: F1 Failure 3/5/1929" New Hampshire, Kidderville trib. Conneticut nr. , on Mohawk River, of River. Earth coo. core for hotel guests for fishing. Overtopped. d/s rip rap failed to protect slope. -PI dollars damage to Kidderville no lives lost. Erosion from spillway. Built by Dixville Notch Corp. for hotel guests. Ht. 60'; 18.29m lgth. 300ft. (91. ý0ý) Built 1894 failed 1927 Rebuilt 1929. Drainage area 2-3 ml Discharge from spillway caused erosion of the toe causing slipping. Destr oy-ed spillway. Water from spillway discharged directly onto steep rip rapped d/s slope. Used also to regulate overflow from small lake to headwaters of Mohawk River. Heavy Rainfall. Ample warning no lives lost. Excess water passed through box culvert 8'x6' in cross section which discharged high onto upstream face.. Spillway lacking support after erosion dropped apart under its own weight.

CataloE. E. N. R. vol. 102 p 776,535; 9/5 & 30/5/19 J. Gruver. Justin list. Lessons from Dam Incidents. ASCE. T. A. Middlebrooks. ASCE CEntenniel Trans vol. CT 1953 p. 697- COMITRY. NAIVE OF DA?!" B? RRENJACK AUSTRALIA

IEIG--T. (m). AREA.

MST L NGTH. (m). 1,4.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity ITATMI.I4L. Rockfill co.R^Concrete Concrete Buttress Menbrarne. Other rasonry

Y1AR OF C0t"IPL2,PIOil. R^SýIVOIR vmAPACI^Y m3 INCIDNTS:

Barrenja. ck = Burrenjack.

1 NPJTE OF DA". BaRTLETT COtfll'fY. U. S. A.

AREA. HE,IG"T_(n) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATEßIAL. Rockfill CORD.. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

OF CONFLETI ON R7SE3VOIß CAPACITY YBAR . m3 INCIDMTrs:

'Overtopped during construction. Verde River dam.

61,000 t cusec assumed peak for design - during construction 90,000 and 12©9000 cusec floods experianced. NXTE OF 7A"-t. BATTLE RIVER COMITrrr. CANADA

SIG"T (ci) ARA. . . 12m ALB^RTA CI?.EST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Eart hfi ll Puddle TYPE. Cy MATERIAL. Roakf1 CORE. Concrete 1.tenbrane. (-b-rer F?eee 3r

YIDAR OF C01. IPLET I0? d . R MIVOIf C1PACITY m3 INCID NTS:

Failed 22/04/1956.

Near Forestburg, Alberta. Heavy rainfall breached a 18ft(lj 58m) (2295m ) concrete faced overflow spillway washing away 3,000yd of reinforced concrete rnd much greater quantities of fill. Estimated damage /, 350,000.

Failure 22/04/1956 at 10am; 18hrs after hole in d/s discovered, due to b oken by-pass pipe. Spillway design parameter 15,000cfs /see). =(424.5m

Built by Canadian utilities for coöling water for a thermal plant. Heavy spring run-off. Built in 1956. Height 12m.

Catalog Gruner list. 7rn Mr.y 10th 1956 vol. 156 p29 COMITRY. NAME OF BAYLISS DAM U. S. A. (m). HEIG"T. 14.3m AREA. AUSTIN, PENN.

CREST LENGTH_(m). 166m I,7. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle Gravity MATERIAL. flJ J1 TYPE. - CORE. Concrete Menbrane. ( 3+t T!asonry

YIIZtR OF COMPLETION. 1909 IRSý"ýVCIR CAPACITY

INCID . S:

Failure. 1911.

Gravity masonry 47ft(14.3m) high. 15,780yd3 fill. 200100d gallons. 200 lives lost.

Built 1899 - 1909. Gravity and earth. 1.3Nm3cap.. Freemans' Win river.

1st dam built 1899 earth and concrete.

2nd dam built 800ft d/s and flooded first dam.

Crest 166m long.

Spillway 15m wide base. 9.14m top width 0.7m thick.

Rolled fill 1: 3.5 embankment placed aginst u/s face of dam to height of 4.57m" BAZACLF 11A14 COMITRY. ATAJ'DOF HAM. FRS^?CE

HEIcrT. (m). 4.87m AREA. `

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle Rockfi11 TYPE. "f MATBRIAL CORE. Concrete BwI t rel-ms Qeme*e 2!enbrane. +Y

YDAR OF COMPLETION. ICSTRVOIR C_1PACI7Y

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 1709.

Built 1171.900ft(274.32m) long. 16ft(4.87m) high. 'arth1& rock.

Destructive flood. 200,000 cusecs.

Garonne River.

Smith - History of Dams. NAME OF BAM. BEAVER CREEK. COUIITRT. U. S. A.

T (m) AREA. HEIG'? . . 3m Georgia.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 61m. III. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cravi4y NIATERIAL. °- _ CORE. Concrete Rtt+ bres C ero#e Membrane. 6'b1rer ßr9

YIThR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY M3 INC IDMIT S: CASCADE FAILURE 05/05/1931. Georgia Ear-Ehfill dam Overtopped in flood. Released weer to cause cascade failure to Harrison Dam. 10' x 200' ft earth dam of Georgia Power Co. 1 mile above Montezuma Georgia.

200 ft of d..,m washed out. Harrison Dam long unused. NMT OFDaý1. BIG SA1TDY'CREEK COUI'fY. U. S. A. HBIG'? T. (m). llm ADA.

(m) 1i. R. CßrST L3NGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle ýiýI R4-=ß_-T1 TYPE. j MAT: 4L . CORE. Concrete B rera ßert e re4e Membrane. (-titer Posen j

YI1AR OF COMPLEPIO?1.1962 117STIVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDMTTS :

Failure. 1965

Built 1962. I

llm earthfill.

Gruner List.

ICOLD 1969 CCU171IRY. 14A1-'MOF DAI'. BIG SANTA ANITA U. S. A.

HmIT-TT (m). AREA. . 72m. Calif. M"R CREST LENGTH. m) ._ 187m. "

Embarik^_nt F ¬"l Puddle TYPE. G~44y ITATTßIAL. Rc-olt64f CORE. Concrete Bn+*Te"-q,s Concrete Membrane. Other I'9

YIDAR OF COPIPLETIO?I. u/c. RASIVOIR CAPACITY

700000 m3 IlTCID^IITS : 235ft arch dam under construction when failed. crest length 187m. cap. 700000m3 On Santa Anita Creek

Heavy April rains. Nearest Town Sierra Madre 12140 people High hazard potential.

Lessons from dam incidents. ASCE. E. .. National program for Dam Safety. NA! I OF DAr. Bila Desna. COU1TfY. Czechoslovakia.

(m) AREA. HCIG'?T. . 17 1 (m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIA.R OF CO?.IPLETIOIT. 1915. YESE'RVOIR 'CAPACITY m3 I21CID-MMS: F1 failure September 1916. Piping blowout then overtopped. Built 1915. Ht 17 feet. u/s 1: 1-. & 1: 2 d/s 1: 11 & 1: 2 I

Lessons from Dam Incidents ASCE. NAI"TE OF '!)A-'- BISHOP CREEK COLIilTRY. U. S. A.

TMITT. (m). 10.36m AREA. CALIkRPIIA

(m) P. R. CHEST LENGTH. . 135.03rn

Embanlcnent Eart hfi 11 Puddle TYPE. Qwmwi T MATMIAL. BQa3wm!-3 CORE'. Concrete IWAAWS Agre e Membrane. Other

YJAR OF COM.IPL=, IO! T. 1908 RnS71VOIR C_1PACI^Y

m3 IIT CID--,7TTS :

Failure. 1909.

1 California Inyo County. Earthfill - hydraulic?

Construction 1908.115 acre St. Height 3tift(10.36m), Crest 443ft(135.03m). Vol. 9631 yd .

Section carried away by freshet.

On Mid Bishop Creek.

Hydroelectric.

Catalog. National Safety Program. U. S. B. R. Gruver List. ER Vol. 64 p. 166 ER Vol. p166 BLANDIN cctnl'RY. U. S. A. NAI-19 OF DA'." .

} IG"T. (m). 9m" AREA. Mississippi.

CREST LENGTH. m M. R.

FA }e t Earthfill Pud4le TYPE. 0~014Y MATEMLIAL.Rockfill CORE. Concrete `-ý --" swvf-re Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y!3AR OF CO??PLM I0_;. 1902. RrSMVOIIt C:1PACI^Y M3 I21CIDý?ITS s Failed 1948. Ammerica1'Tissippi. on Mississippi River. nearest Town Grand, Rapids 7122 people 3 miles from dam. 9m high timber dam . Overtopped.

0 --

coüi----T. NPJ CCOF DM- BLUE WATER NEVI?MEXICO. AREA. FL!IG''T. (m). 10.67m. Zuri* tilts. (m) ! 1. R. ChEST LENGTH. . 135.03m

Embanlcnent "i i Puddle TYPE. Gravlt*Y MkT":,itIAL" Rockfill cOR^. Oone"Os

InsmyoIfl C!kPACI^Y YEAR OF CO!!PL, IO'?. 1908. m3 IITC IDr! TTS: Failed 05/09/1909. New Mexico, Zuri Mountains. Rockfm. ll Puddle core. Ht 35'(10.671) Lgth. 443ft. (135-03m. ) i! Vol. 9631 yd Built 1908. Section carried away by freshet. Gruner says earth + masonry. On Bluewater Creek.

E. R. vol 60 p. 166 Com"T'lly. NAIVE OP DA! BOLAN. PAKISTAN. AREA. M, IT'P_(m) . 19m. BALUCHISTAN. R. CREST 500m. 1,i.

Embanlanent Earthfill puddle 1 TYPE. Grervtt7 MATM,TAL. Hash4 CORE. Concrete cotter wt'e Membrane. O4lTer 019 ky

YßAR CF CO?'PL2 IO'?. 1961. RS VOIIt Cl1PACI^Y 88.9M !3 INCIDENTS: Failed 6/9/1976. Baluckistan Pakistan. on Bolan River. Ht. 19m. lght. 500m. cost 3.611 dollars in 1961. Cascade failure washed out another-8 dams. I.' 10000 evacuated. 840000 m of fill. Uncontrolled spillway - design capacity 330 m3/sec.

A. COLA"Ry. NAIT OF DJ"- BOLTON. U. S. A.

(m) 3m ARJA. IM-I G-7T. . Cönn. Il. R. CIUST LENGTH. (m)"

Embanlcnent Eart hfi 11 Pud31e IýI"'ýTýFtIAL Re CORE. Concrete TYpE. / 10. Membrane. ? -- wm- 6tket' ""e,-- a

Yi'R OF CO!!PLEPIO'_T. 1940 lrilS: ý3VCIR CAPACI^Y M3 1485 acre ft I! TCIDL! TTS: --- Failed 8/6/1941. Failed /1938. Rolled j in eart$ . built by State Public Works Dept. Washed oii. hurricane of 1938. Overtopped faulty Construction. Bolton Lake Dam on Bolton Pond Brook. Earth + bUtress. Built 1940 for recreation. 10ft(3.048m) 1494 acre ft. Quarryville 1 mile 500 people High Hazard.

National Safety Program. E. N. R. 4/1/1943" vol 130. p. 457" 6. N NATZ OF DA!!. BO10Y FALLS COMRY. U. S. A.

I, TG"T. (m). 12m AREA.

(m) Ii. R. CREST L TGTH. .

Dmban1crent 24 1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity NNAT_RIAL. t CORE. Concrete Membrane. Masonry -044;-Q.

YIIAR OF C07.,IPLI IO'd. 1921 R73SEIVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS :

Failure.

Overtopped I - Structual cause.

Built 1921.12m high. Masonary gravity.

Gruner List. ICOLD 1969 CO 'III. NPJ.I OF UAI!. BONNEY IRRIGATION RESV. U. S. A.

10.336m. AREA. IM, _(m). Colo. 111.R. CREZT L NGTH. (m1

Embankment Earthfill3}e ni re 1 TYPE. 9Psvk y MATRIAL. COR3-. Oe"ep" e ßelrerete }?fie. S-"% pepr xy ,

YEAR OF CO!TPLMIO_?. 1901. a1 S71VOIIt C1FACI^_Y m3 I TCIDr? 1TS: Failed 11/4/1903. Delta Colorado. Earth Dam. Break in dam over 100ft long. Depth of water 3jft. Constr. 1901. Rolled earth steel core. Area of Reservoir 300 acres.

A. E. R. 25/4/i903. NAME OF DA!. BOSTWICKS POND. U. S. A. AREA. 10IG? T'(m). New Jersey. M. R. CREST LENGTH. (m).

Earthfill Puddle ni+ ! Embankment T- _L1 TYPE. Aýrerriýy ! tAT IAL. CO3.RConcrete cite Membrane. B 44rc,s t7 041 er

YIIAR OF CO"PLI IO'?. R^SIIVOIT{ CAPACITY m3

IIICID'TITS : Cascade Failure 3/8/1934. New Jersey Cohanssey River, 4 small earth dams 85-100 yrs old carried out by flood 1i Cascade failure . Bostwicks was upper dam. Built by local grist mills.

Catalog. E. N. R. 9/8/1934- vol 113 p. 189-192. E. N. R. 11/10/1934. a. T2TtY. NAflI OF OAi`. BOYDSTOWN. COtfl U. S. A.

UEIG"T. (ri). 8.53m ARýq" Penney.

CTEST LENGTH. (m). 94.49m. 1". R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle Ca MATERIAL. Res il CORE. Concrete TYPE . &'r±4y 1.'enbrane. ßw3'

YT1AR OF COHPLmIO? d. 1896. RrS IVCII C 1PACI^Y m3 IITCID, NTS

Failed 1897 Failed 1903. Butler county Penn. Earth + timber core. Constructed 1896 and again in 1903. Ht 28'(8.53m) Lgth. 310'(94.49m) Heavy rain 100ft of embankment washed out. from overtopping.

Gruver. Pennsylvania Water Supply Committee Report 1914. p. 48 NAIL OF 'A". BRAEBURN. COUITITTf. U. S. A.

ItIG"'T. (m). ATDA.

(m) 1". R. C11 T LL`P1GTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity taPERI4L. Roc?: fill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menibrarne. Other Masonry

YIIAR OP COMPLETION R' STIVOIR CAPACI^Y . m3 INCIDENTS:

Overtopped 17 - 19th March 1936. Allegeny River out around left abutment of Dam No. 4. Breach 175' wide 2000' long. Overtopped to 5'

I NAMEOF DST. BRADFIELD. COtmTnY. FtIG'ýi'. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT^RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YI AR OF CO? 1. -'PLETIO? RrS'.r"IVOI? n CAPAC I^Y m3 INCIDENTS:

SEE DALE DYKE.

0 NMIEOF DA:!. BRADFIELD 2 CODUT?lY. U. S. A. HIMG-'T. (m). k'I'C A.

CREM L7,NC; TH. Km). Ii. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity NAT'RIÄL. Rockfill C0TRIE Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. R^STIVOIR C_APACI^Y

m3 INCID-TITS: 3 J888öuSic PHTV metres per sec.

1 CotmTRY. NA1"'L OF 3ATt. BRAINERD. U. S. A. AREA. MINN.

R. MST LENCTH. (m). III.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE GvwWA Y Concrete . ýrMÄT^RIÄL. nr l-i CORE. 13 aemerete Membrane. r&4 . @tlrer IrD Dry

PIO! T R' ST-IV CIll C,IPACI^Y YBAR OF CO!. IPLE . 1888 rn3 INICI=S : "' -'" Failed 12/02/1917. On Mississippi River at Brainerd Minn. Old pulpmill dam for Northwest Paper Company. ) Washed out for a depth of 75' (22.86m. ) and 800'(243.84m. long Irrigation dam. Eartfhfill built 1888 16300 acre-ft.

Catalog. U. S. B. R. National Safety Program. E. N. R. 16/08/1917 vol 79. p. 313" COUITfY. NAME of DAS'.. BREAKNECK. U. S. A.

itIG--T. (m). 23' Penn.

CIEST LENGTH. (m). 2071 T7.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill TYPE. äz-aa's4S' MATERIAL. ßl. 1 CORE. Concrete `-- . reäeiw, *e . y

YBAR OF CO!IPLET I0r1. 1887. a'T r1VCIIt ^: 1PACI^Y m3 IITCIDENTS: 1214 gallons.

Failed 29/051902. Near Connelsville Penn. Earthfill crib owned by American Waterworks & Guarantee Co. of Pittsburg. Water 22'(6.71m. ) deep. ht. 23'(7. Olm) Lgth. 207'(63.09m) Held 1211 gallons. Concretec core. Constr. 1887 Failed in cloudburst 29/05/1902. Breach 100ft(30.48m). Overtopped.

Catalog. "Notes" E. N. May 29 1902 vol 47 n22 P"425 E. N. July 5 1902. COM711T-Y. NAM OP3M!. BRIDGEPORT U. S. A. (m) 401 ARDA. Conn. urTP"TP - CREST LE: GTH. (m). 640 1 I.I. R.

Embank. nent E 11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT"RIAL. flso c i}1 CORE. Concrete C- Buttress -norcr e Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETIO!T. 1855 IM"'IVOIIZ CAPACITY In3 S: 240 000 IUC ID1! TT 9000 9 gallons.

Failed. August 1905. Owned by Hydraulic Co. Completed 1855 Overtopped insufficient s illway capacity. On Mill River lgth. 640' (194.56m. ) ht. 40'(1216m. ) 80' spillway. 5' freeboard. Area of reservoir 60 acres. capacity 240 000 000 gallons. Masonry dam.

Catalog. E. R. 22 July 1905 v&l 52 p. 189 E. R. 12 August 19o5. NTAJTJOF JAI BRIDLE DRIFT. cola 2`Tif . SOUTH AFRICA.

(m). 51m. AREA. ILIG- . (m) R. CREST LENGTH. . 1I.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C#y MATERIAL. Rvc4r "11 CO ^. Concrete BtztýTt'ý's Membrane. OtT

OF COMPLETION R1SIV0LR C! PACI^Y Y13AR . m3 INCID^? JTS :

Failed 1011 April 1967. Max ht. 51M-3 in im. layers compacted by vibratory roller, Flood. 1134m/sec.

Thomas. Engineering for Large Dams. COUIMY. NAM OF DAY. lI1ISEIS AUSTRALIA.

AREA' im IG-p. (m)" 32m. Tasmania.

1". R. CREST LE GTH. m) . 107m

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Grn iF4y M TRIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete B -"es e Membrane. 0rcr P: eirry

YI1AR OP COrIPLE IO"d. R'-7S"C, APACI^Y m3 IITCID NTS: 750M gallons.

Failed 1929. On Cascade River near Derby Tasmania. Earthfill + rockfill with concrete face. Blowout + overtopped. Overtopped by unprecedented flood considerable property damage Dam rebuilt in 1934. Owned by Briseis Tin Mine 50 mis N. W? of Launceston. 14 killed in Derby. - most dams luckily above water level. i

Catalog. Groner. ICOLD 1969. ICOLD reg. 1962. Report of State Rivers & water Supply Committee, Victoria. Lessons from Dam Incidents. ASCE Water & Water Engineering. 1930 NßJt OF JA"'.. BROOKVILLf COM71ITlY. U. S. A.

A'ZDA. ILIG"T. (m). 5 m. Penn,

(m) IM.R. CR1ST LENGTH. . 110m.

Embankment Earthfi11 TYPE.. doty MATERIAL. COR1. Oerrere4re areas Gs ret e i ce. Q4 er ley

YDAR OF C01ýIPLETIO?1.1912. RT'SI'IVCI? t kPACI^Y .-. m3 50 acre tit . Failed 1912. Brookville Water Co. Pennsylvania. Earthfill with concrete core. Constructed 1912. Ht. 16'(4.88m) Lgth. 360'(109.73m. ) Overtopped inadequate spillwayý On North Fork Creek. Water supply. 50 acre ft. Brookville 1 hazard. ml away 4314 people . High

Catalog. USBR. National Safety Program. Pennsylganis Water Supply Committee Report 1912 p"47. NAl OFDAFT. BUCKHORN. 00MI'ny. U. S. A.

Im.IG--,?. (M). 9m. AREA. Colorado.

(m) M. R. CR7 T LM(: TH. .

Embanlmnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G br MATSRI4L. °,- ; 664. cORT. Concrete C-"nero* e Membrane. i *emrers",ý

YIIAR OF CO?IPLE IO! T. 1904. TMEIVOITII CAPACITY

M3 INCID-MITS : -- a------Failed 1923. Built fmr Longmont Colorado. water supply on Buckhorn Creek ' Earthfill. Overtopped-inadequate spillway. Built 1904. 30' high (9m. ) 20000 acre ft.

Catalog. USBR national Safety Program. 22nd Biennial Report State Eng. of Colorado. r1AI,'L OF 3A°-I. BUFFALO CREEK COmyrnY. U. S. A. 32m. ll 1":. f-) AREA. N. Carolina. crr+Tr_--r'.LJl 107m. CREST LETJGTH.(m). 1T.

Embanient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Eby MATERIAL. ^= ý1 CORE. Concrete Menbrane. 04.)"er

YTBAR OF CO!TPL: PIO'I. RwS7,;'IVCIR CAPACITY

39,456,000 m3 INC IDZNITS : Failed 10/8/1970 . Kings Mountain N. Capolina. Earthfill, wateresupply Ht. 32m, crest lgth. 107m. Freeboard 4m. Under construction. At time of incident 601 above orig äal ground level u/s 3: 1 d/s 2: 1. Just prior to Aug LOth 1971 10" of rain fell on 64 ml2 of watershed deep Overtopped but did not breach. Ret ai3ned a reservoir 18m. . Overtopped 2-3 days. About 50000 yd eroded from d/s side of dam.

Lessons from Dam Incidents A5( . . COMMIRY r1AIZ OP DAY. BUFFALO CREEK. . U. S. A.

AREA. r ic-T. (M). CRrST LENGTH. (m) 1". R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cry AS.T^RI 4I, . _ý+*=r CORE. Concrete D tree Gen ere1s e Membrane. (fib er N """TV

O"_J Ir-, n"IVCIi CAPACITY YEAR OF C0?. 'PLM I . m3 INCIDiTTS:

Near Manchester W st Virginia. Failed 26/2/1972. ' BUILT 1966. SEE MINE TAILINGS.

also:

T Failed 10/8/1970. Completed 1973 , failed during construction. Earthfill

0 r1A1-' OF 7A*T. COM' IFTY". BUFFALO RIVER. South Africa. H IG'T. (rn). A'173A.

CREST LETIGTH. (M)o T R.

Enban1cnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity M T", RIAL. Rockfill COM-1. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLY IOrI. R3ST1VOIß CAPACITY

m3 IITCIDE2NNTS: Failed during then cgonstruction - firstly two minor floods, major flood o5 1100m sec. 3 23000m of embankment of 2309000m washed out.

(good notes in "Engineering for Dams THomas)

Engineering for Dams - Thomas. - Wiley. cor.mTny. NAB.OF )A . BURLITTGTCN U. S. A. (T) 013A. SIG T" " 20ft high NEW JER"EY

CRT LL'?'JGTH. (M) . 1,000ft

Enbanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COR7',. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIÄR OF COiJIPLM IOT. RTSýýVOIR CAPACI^Y rn3 I! ICID! VTS:

Failurek.. 26/27/06/1938.

flinches of rain in New Jersey. long. Old Dyke - capoit y 7511gal - 20ft high, 1,000ft

Built 40 years ago. Insufficient outlet capacity.

Engineering and Building Record and Sanit^. ry Engineering Vol. 20 1889 New York. NIAM, OF JAM. BULLY C4 ý+. COtBTfY. U. S. A.

InIG"T. (m). 125ft A'IEA" ORMAN

(m) T CR' ST LEWGTH. . 180ft .R"

Embanicient Earthfill p TYPE. Qr MTATERIAL. CORE. Concrete B re 4e ire i rfnre. "ITer ray

YBAR OF COTIPLI. IOTI. 1913 RrSTIVOIR CAPACI^Y m3 INCITUTTS:

Failured.

Vale, Oregan. Earth - concrete core. Heimht 125ft(38.1m), Crest 180ft(54.86m). Uncompl eted and abandoned. Overtopped when ice blocked outl6t gate had been condernmed in 1916. Built 1913. ?Overtopped.

'Uncompleted and condemmed on Bully Creek of Malheur River. Water confined above it overtopped unsupported core wall. Part of irrigation scheme.

Height 85ft leaving core wall unsupported. A previous flood had cracked and shifted portions of core wall. Low level openings blocked by debris, canal gate openings blocked by debris.

Overtopped.

Complete destruction - core wall sheared off from 5-10ft of the rock walls along its entire perimeter.

Built to store 10.000 secft above outlet gate 6,000 remaining in the bottom as dead eater swept Qway considerable distance. Flood wave 45ft high.

Catalog. Gruner list E. N. R. Vol. 94 n332,870 1925 NMTE OF DAP'. 1UýtRI'TJUCK COU Tfi. AU5TRALn

(m) AREA. I IG'? T . . 73m

CREST LENGTH. (m). 239m Ii. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Avevi-t7 MATERIAL. lzaakf -1. CORE. Concrete ms's 00'e Membrane. Gri eestr

YBAR OF COT"IPLET I ON 1913 . Rý'SýßVOIß CAPACI'°Y m3 IIdCID NTS:

Overton-ed lm but not seriously '7amaged. row raised 1973.

772,000 acre ft. Built 1913.320,000yd3 of material.

784ft(239m) x 240ft(73m).

Crest 18ft wide. Max. depth 224ft(68m). Capcity(941Y)m3. Spillway 220ft(67m) wide.

Water and water Engineering P300 Wiley. The Engineering of Lnrge Dams. E. 'T. R. 10/12/1^36 NPJ OF DAM. RIME COMTT1Y. ATTIRCI A

HEIVT"(m). 15m kREA" C?11TkNR

CREST LENGTH. (m). 350m I,2"R"

Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gay MSATE'ýRIAL.Rockfill CORE. Concrete wars Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI1AR OF COMPLETION. 1893-95 R3SMVOIR CAPACITY

In3 INCIDENTS:

P,iont^na, nr 9utte, Amercia.

18m high timber crib. Settlement during life led to overtopping. Built Ton width '. Oft, height 120ft, length 350ft, waste weir 15ft. (Catalog height 60ft crest 500ft)

Freshet overflowed during construction. Pressure and settlement caused ve?ci. cle face to incline backward a" d rear timbers to incline forward. COuwrnY. NATMIBOF DAM. BYNUM U. S. A.

(mi 10.67m. T lT/1?, 'T Montana. - AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Etnbanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE Gia. -y MATEMIAL. T. 1 CORE. Concrete . -ý D L4tre ss 9vrrcr e Membrane. 01,'ii r i'Y

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. 1926 RnSM,VOIß CAPACITY 93000 m3 INCIDM TTS: Failed 08/06/1964. On Teton River Muddy I creek, Montana. Built 1926 9 earthfill for irr3u'gation. Ht. 35'(10.67m). COP. 93000 mp 106690 acre ft. $ Diversion dam & feeder canal failed under extreme flood.

i COtfl TRY. U. S. A. NAIII OF DAtd.C ALDERWOOD.

(m) 71m. AREA. Tennasee. H IVT . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 279m. P. R.

meant X31 Puddle TYPE. qty MATERIAL. Reek#ii1 CORE. Concrete B__#_aes Concrete Membrane. Other t"

C 19 30 RESERVOIR CAPACITY Ym OF OAIFLETI Ord . 3 5114 INCID 1TTS : A2 Failure 05/1930 " 71m. arch jam built 1930. crest lgth. 279m. Resv. 51Mm 9 on Little Tennessee River. Hydro + recreation. I 400000 yd of material scoured from below dam. Calderwood 100 people- sig. hazard.

U. S. B. R. national Dam Safety Program. ICOLD Lessons from Dam Incidents. F. N. R. 10/12/1936. CM DEN COMITTY. NMTE OF DMIT. . U. S. A.

IMIGIG'?T. (M). 6m. AREA.

(m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. ý1 CORD,. Concrete TYPE. Gay _°_='- De4. brex Gaa"64e Membrane. Oct-b}r rifteenrY

YTIAR OP COTIPLETIO11.1853. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID TS: Failed 02/10/1902. New Jersey. Earth dam built 1853 by private co. and filled by pumping from Delaware River. Overtopped and cut thro' entire embankment due to excess pumping at night. Failure-to close pumping valve or ppened mischeviously. Sabotage?.

Gruner. ICOLD 1969. 11.T1.9/10/1903 vol. 48 p. 289. E. R. 11/10/1902. uAT OP DA!. CAMPERDONN. CO'MTTTIY. AFRICA

HEIG-?T. (m). AREA. NATAL

CREST LETJGTH.(m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. y MATERIAL. 11-O lf-w CORE. Concrete Bww" em G@"@vq*e Membrane. Meamen

RES'ERVOIR CAPACITY YBAR OP COM. IPLMI ON. 1901. m3 50090009r)00 gal. INCIDENTS : Failed Nov. 1943 Natal cloudburst nov. 1943. 500,000,000 gall. 30mis from Durban. Completed 1901. 4 On. Unilaas River. OF DAS NA3f, CMTON LAKE U. S. A. AREA. (m). wýý FLIG"'T. 6.09m, S. Dakota. (rf). I" CREST LL'I GTH. .R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle G&6244-t4 MATERIAL. Reeý'? itl CORE. Concrete TYPE . oýý Menbrane. O44er

CO? TIO"1. RT;S'3'IVCIR C_1PACITY YTR OF "IPL m3

I11CIIENTS:

Failed 1972 June. S. Dakota Flash flood . June 1972. Earthfill 20'(6.09m) high on outskirts of Rapid City. Worst flood in 44 years. 330 dead, Much of centre of town destroyed after 17" of rain fell in 11 hrs. Dam withstood first wave of water but debris clogged spillway so second wave overtopped.

Built in 1930 by works progress adminidtistration. . Damage greater than 601.4 dollars. Seven of 9 bridges over Rapid Creek destroyed. 80 blocks of street paving, and 5mis of railway track (12 ) were destroyed. 30acre ha. lake but not all 20' deep - heavily silted. - it's average depth was 3-5' (0.91-1.5m) with a small portion deeper. If one assumes 6'(1.83m) deep over 30 acres the lake only impounded 2M gallons. (9.0917 litres).

N. R. 15 June 1972 P. 13 E. N. R. 27 June 1972 P" 5 CdvP " AUSTRALIA. NAl--MIOF JArý . CASCADE. (n)" I_IG"'T. 18.6m TASMANIA. 1.. CREST LM GTH. n) . .

t. L Ti_ ý11_ Embankment *-*""^"""' Puddle Roc?: fill Concrete TYPE. ! Am RIAL. CORE. ---- (}entre Membrane.

ý PACI^Y YBAR OP CO??PL"P IO??. R7nllVOIR 2911 m3 INCID fl S: Failed 4/4/1929. Australia, Tasmania. 18.6rp rockfill - concrete faced. Overtopped Vol. 29M m 14 killed.

._, __

Gruner ANCOLD Bulletin No. 35. March 1972. 1 C0MMICA. ATAT"7,' OF DST " CASTLLIIOOD A. 21.34m. k COLORADO.

Ii. R CREST LENGTH. m) . 182.88m. OR.

Embankment Puddle Rocl_fill CORE. Concrete TYPE. Gaa*"y 1 TERIAL. a ý A."erMeribrane. 4'_ao. dAmY

YjiA1R OF CO!! PL=, 10! T. 1890.73STIVCIR v'APACI^_Y Tors Tn3 IITC ID. 7TTS Failed 3/8/1933. Cherry Creek, Castlerock, Colorado 35 S. near . mis E. of Denver. Rockfill with Oft thick masonry faces - built 1890. Ht. 70ft(21.34m) crest lgth. 600ft(182.88rn) Overtopped by cloudburst 2 lives lost. Damage to farms and cijry of Denver. Never rebuilt. Flood released = 16000sec-ft into 10000 sec ft Cherry Creek. Entire East half of Embankment and spillway washed out. 7-8000 acre ft. 2 killed. 'Built 43 yrs before Overtopped by lft over entire length. (constr recorded E. N. 9/2/1899, E. R. 24/12/1898) Spillway 100ft long and 4 ft deep, supplemented by 40ft bypass channel in West side of dam. Surface area 200 acres. Capacity 3500 acre-ft Drainage- area. -450 ml . 46ft of water impounded when flood occurred. At 1 a. m. started to overtop 1.20 a. m. Failure. 500 sec ft going over spillway and crest. Reached Denver 5-6 a. m. damage 6 dollars. Constr. Dec. 1889 to Nov. 1890, Repairs in 1898 after settlement cracks. 1907-1911 Flood study reported Cherry Creek could be a hazard. 1897 Blowout - piping- repaired. Second blowout to 1: 3 .1899 - pipingearthfill added u/s

Runoff 7(, 6-911 rainfall, rain from 9a. m. Aug 1st to lam. Aug 2nd. Vel l0 't/%ec. At 11.15 p. m. 2/8/1933 water 6ft below spillway. p. m. water at top of dam. I few moments had dropped 13 ft below dam. CASTLEWOOD continued.

Spillway discharge cap3 at depth of 5ft = 3000 ft3/sec. Therefore 5500-6000 ft sec over dam. in 60 2000 acre ft accumulated in resv . mins; emptied in 1 hr. Toe eroded. contents 2500 acre ft prior to flood. Vibration during heavy flood(no overtopping) in 1924

Letts from M. O'Shaughtessey 19/10/1933 Constr Eng. City of San Francisco 16500 165m1 - 100 sec ft/ ml implies possible flood sec ft. Spillway cap. 3000 sec ftq or about 1/8 th of actual amount of flood.

Gruner. E. N. R. 10/8/1933 and 7/9/1933 vol. 111 A. S. C. E. Trans 65. Le Genie Civil Sept 23rd 1933 p. 316 ASCE. Lessons from Dam Incidents says Gravity Darm. CAZADERO COMITT-11- NAI-M OF DA! . U. S. A. (m) 21"3m" AREA. ufTr. --T. . IJ. cRnlgT LENGTH. m) . 54.86m Earthfill 4a q444 04 a M4 puddle TYPE (. 4 MAi^RIÄL. Rockfill CORD. Concrete . Concrete ress Membrane. Other Masonry

RT:S-!, '1VOI? t C APACI Y Y 3AR OF C071PLETIO'I . 1906. m3 16M INCIDENTS : fl Failure 29/1/1965 Built 1906 21.3m . high timber dam. Cap. 16M m39 Clackamas River, cret lgth. 54.86m.

Sawed timber frame - ogee spillway was added 3 yrs after dam completed High water on 22/12/1964 destroyed nearly all the timber spillway and centre part of crib dam moved 0.76m d/s.

uruner. ICOLD1969 ,SSE Lessond from dam incidents. ICOLD 11 to it it NAME OF Dkt!. CETHANA COU THY. TASMANIA.

HEIG_'T (M). 110m. AREA.

(m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. 0

Embanlcnent Bem bir± h1 Puddle TYPE. y MAT^RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete 8vseree Membrane. *ftseftr7

XIIAR OF C07IPLETIO'I. Rl-';S-, 'IVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 15/11/1968 Concrete faced rockfill dam l j/ high in Tasmania. Flood 460 of m3/sea - 290 m3/ sec through tunnel - 170 m/ sec over top. Overtopped for 5 hrs. loss of rook from unprotected toe. On Forth River.

rigin`eexinr or ar&e Dams. ý° NPJ OF 3A2`. CHABHA. Syria. A4 F,A. IM,' j" lOm. H. R. CTUiT LENGTH. m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE Grau*y IIAT'RI? ýL. Rý'ý' CORE. Concrete `- . Genera#e Membrane. B times s Ttn . Cnn"7 IIý4- (} rar

1. R7S7',1VCIT C_'LPACI^Y YBAR OF CO?-',PLB"PIO? 1944 m3 INCI1X NTS: Failed 1947 Syria, near Suairyda, 10m high earthfill with concrete pavement on u/s side, built 1944. Breached by people.

0 COMIT'"lY. CBEAHA CREM WATERSBED NAI'tE OF DA! ', U. S. A. DAM No. 6. VIE"A. (rý) 28m. ALABA] A. fLIG"'T . " r. R. CREST L NGTH. m) . 305m. Earthfill °ý"Ai41 Emb3nicnent iIl Concrete Gß4ä NATSRIAI.. flee? CORP. TYPE . MeMbleelm . Qr Y

TESTIVOIll CAPACITY YBAR OF COrIPL'."PIOrr 119767000 m3

INCID ! TTS:

Failed while under construction 21/3/1970. On trib. of Cheaha Creek, Talladega, Alabama. Earthfill concrete core. Ht. 28m. 9 Crest lgth. 305m. Cap 119767t t. c. m. u/s 1: 3 with 2 berms; d/s 1: 21 with 2 berms. Flood control and sediment storage. Under construct j on at a ht. of 7m. Catchment 27 ml (70 km2 )

Rain started early on morning 19/0/1970 continued for 22 days Total 24.9 cm with 19.25 falling in first 12 hours. With embankment at ht. of 7 M. the reservoir storage was 69 t. c. m. R. H. S. of embankment about 1.8m lower than left end. Flood crested 1.5m above lowest end, 7 hrs after rain began, which was 3 hours after embankment overtopped. 12ft high waterfall at d/s edge of embankment. Spillwayvcap eventually 487 m3/sec Replaced material and completed

McElderry 50 people at 2 miles.

ssons s. A. S. C. E. COITRY- NAIL OF DA' CHEESMAN LAKE U. S. A. (m) A13',,A. HEIG"T . . 64m. COLORADO. (m). V. R. C1 ST Lr"NGTH. 182.88m.

Embanlc^ient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MIAT AL. Roc>>fill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YYA,R OF CO?IPL'y'I'IOT1.1900 ISS"TIVCIR CAPACITY rn3 INCIDmrrs: Failed under construction 1900 Rockfill in Colorado; proposed ht. 64m (210ft) crest lgth 102.88m (600 ft) Flood during constr. when at e ht of about 38ft(11.55m) Replaced by masonry dam in 1900 On South Platte River.

r-- runer Catalog. rchuyler cote Tirc. r1AITE.Or, 2cimum S ALGERIA (m) ARE0.. SSIIG"'T. . 39.93m" 47.74m" I"i. R. CM ST LnrGTA. m) . iTl Puddle CORE. Concrete TYPE. Gravity MAT^RI AL. '}1 ---- Q-enerct e Membrane. Masonry r

C YTn OF CO!IPL; IO'I. R^SERVOIR LPACI^Y 3 1882-1884 m IrNCIDENTS: failure. 1882-1884 P2 to masonry dam on Sig River 9 Algeria built hT. 131ft(39.94m) lgth. 155ft" Earth foundation. 10 deaths. Erosion in foundation. in P2 failure 9 rey)aired ans continued service 4m wide at crest, 22m wide at base. Resv cap. 16M cubic metres.. Length of breach 4om. Spillway cap. 850 m3/ sec f

(Wegmann. i Gruner. ICOLD Newslatter. 9/196 3 lProc. I. C. E. vol. 128. p. 200ý 1897. Correspondance on the diversion of the Periyar. COUF_...TRY' r1AI.'L OP J. CITY DA12 U. S. A. 8.4m. ATtF.A. _(m) . MINTNEAPOLIS. (m) CREST LENGTH. " 45m. t".R. r,., hý E *!%;! Puddle l1 Concrete TYPE. Gravity 1IATERIAL" °--= COR^E. ©errt-. Membrane. ---- l+e,ss re Masonry

C_1PACI''Y YBA'LROF C07PL^TIO??. F Sý'ýVOIR 3 1908. n INCIDENTS:

Failure 1909. Fergus Falls, Minn. Gravity Masonry - conrete on clay. Convtr 1908. Ht 28ft(8.4m), 1,; th 150 f`t(45m)" Cause could have been stopping of drain plug by City officials. Loss of 5 small dams.

. N, vol 66 p 2919392,4779497 Coim'1'Tty.. ITAll-', OF )A!. CLEAR FORK. U. S. A. ARrA. x(r')- TEXAS. CRTST LENGTH. m). M. R.

Enbanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity ?,UFERTAL. Rockfill CO?i^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other ?asonry

'(BAR OF CO??PL TIO! T. RD'S VCIR CAPACITY rn3 I1TCID NTS:

Failed 1894. On Trinity River near Fort Worth Texas. Sudden 15ft rise of in river carried away one wing of dam. Main part not damage.

Catalog. E. R. vol 21 p. 200. COLAT tY NA1JTE0F JAN. CLEVELAND. . RHODESIA. AUA. IM,IG_P_(m) . 11M. (m) R. CTtnZT LE! GTH. . i1.

Embankment Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. GY MIATERIAl. ??+± i±- CORE. Concrete 4e ý Geite o Menbrane. Ot}rcr Naeenr r

YDAR OF CO?':PLMPIO? y R^S IVOI? t C AP:ACI' Y 1913. m3 INCIM,TTTS: FAiled 1923. Built 1913 - 10.7 m high earthfill.

J. 141-1 . COLD 1969. coU1;TRY. r1AW OF DA°ý. CLINTON. U. S. A. 5.49m. ABi A. TmT,.--m (, % Conneticut.

CREST LENGTH-(m).

Embank'nent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. @ewV tY r1ATSRIAL. nue'Trt11 CORE. Concrete cUn Oerrýret e Venbrene. Masonry

R'^""S"'IVOIR CAPACITY Yi3ÄR OF COMPL:T IO! T. m3

INCIDENTS: Failed 23/7/1938. Clinton Conneticut. Two darns belonging to Guildford*Chester Water Co. Masonry dam 12ft (3.66m) high 30M gallons. Earthfill - cored. 18ft (5.49m) high 130N gallons.

Both dams washed out 23/7/1938 overtopped during cloudburst.

CatRiog. Gruffer. E. N. R. 28/7/1938 p101. COÜIITIrr. NPJr OF D. CLOVER RUU. U. S. A. AIREA. IM-IG'_T_(m). 8m. PEN. R. CREST IMGTH. (m). I,1 .

E4F140Akmeet Earthfill Puddle TYPE. City MATT IAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete -'- Bees Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COP. IPLMI0! 1. R13SERVOIR CAPACITY m3 I! TCID ITS:

Failed 1911. MttRICA Pennsylvania. 7.8m high Timber dam. Overtopped.

talog.

vania Water Supply Committee Report 1912. COvTRRY. NAME OF ! )A-t. COBDEN. CANADA. ALFA. NEIG-T_(m) " 10.5m ONTARIO R. CREST LENGTH. (M). 76.2m. 11.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. CNY MAT-"tflAL. fl- CORE. Concrete Mennbrane. o44rer

YBAR OF CO!!?PLETIO? 1. a1 S7'3VOI?Z CAPACITY m3

I? ICIDTITS :

Failed 18/oct/1894 Earthfill on Gould Creek Ontario. Ht 35ft(10.35m) lgth. 250ft(76.2m) Electric light power house and machinery destroyed.

Catalog. Gruver E. N. vol 48 l ICOLD 1969. "dotes on Table of Contents. E. N. Oct 25th 1094 vol 32 n17 p. 333 CO__ NMtE OF DAN. COLUMBUS, U. S. A AREA. HEIG'T. (m). 11.89m. Georgia.

(m) 167.64m. M. R. m11 L1 GTH. .

nt Re. *_fl Puddle 1 TYPE. Gravity MSAT__ R=! Tf t: CORE. Concrete --"- B=t-ft-ess w- Membrane. wer Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. PBSrVOIR CAPACITY 1901. m3 INCIDNTT: Failed 28/12/1901 Masonry dam on Chattahooche River in Georgia. 550ft(167.64m) long 39ft 11.89m) high including 3ft (0.91m)t flashboards. About 350ft(106.68m) of dam went out when it was overtopped by 10ft(3.05m) of water.

Cascade? Built 1901.

Sunday 29th Dec. Two large and complete breaches - entire loss of storage.

Catalog. Gruner. ICOLD 1969. Notable Failures of the Past. E. N. R. vol. 100 p. 472. F. N. 23/1/1902. vol. 47 p. 62. NPIM OF DAM. COTTON WOOD. COtI'RY" U. S. A.

HBIG T. (m). 11.3m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. r MERATIAL. R 11 CORE. Concrete g_#rress 9* Membrane. G" er

YBAB OF COAIPLETIO?1. RESERVOIR C1PACITY m3 INC IDE S:

Ist Overtopped . 1947 2nd it 1969. f

11.3m high earthfill dam built 1936. Rebuilt 1965. Overtopped.

I i i i NAM OF DAM. CRANE VALLL'Y COMITRY. U. S. A. AREA. i_____ m). 44m CALIF.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 179m. M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cry MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete _##, res s GeaspaAe Membrane. 6-ricer )

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RRS211VOIR CAPACITY 1910. m3 INCIDNITS: Wave Action Overtopped. Built 1910 to a height of 44m. Earth/rockfill. Wave. S 50,000 acre ft. ; 907,000 yd3 material. Hydro dam on north fork of San Jaoquin.

Catalog. USBR National Safety Program. E. N. R. 10/12/1936. CAINARJMjjiX NAM' OF DAM. CREDIT RIVER COUNTRY.

15.24m. AREA. Ontario HMG-iT_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 213.36m. I,i. R.

Embankment Earthfill weld- TYPE. Gaa@A**ry hfATIt IAI,. R, f., CORE. Concrete 4.,,,44 rs Q- prei e Mel.+! eente. A4b*cr ý. i

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1910 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 7/3/1910. Failed /1912.

Earthfill with concrete core of Erindale Power Co. I Constr. 1910. fit 50ft(15.24m) Lgth 700ft(213.36m) Overtopped during constr. Again in 1912. Cost 10,000 dollars to rebuild.

£ . n. 21/4/1912 ý.. ý.. r-Ti 1- COUVrRY' NAIM OF DAM. CROTON. U. S. A. AREA. IlEIcrT. (m). 15.24m. (m). II. R. CREST LENGTH. 131.06tß

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MTATERIAL. ??r' ffli CORE. Concrete gees 4e Membrane. 944a r Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 1837-1842 .

Dal yvu LUL+I * Earthfill + masonry built on Croton River 1837-1842. The partially complete dam was washed away in 1841. Changed from earthfill + masonry to masonry. I 430ft(131.06m) long, 50ft (15.24m) high. New d am built in1892

Smith History of Dams. Water & water Engineering. vo17 1905. COÜ'TY. NA1'1EOF DJLM. CUBA DAM. U. S. A.

(m) AREA. HEIvT ý M. R. CREST LENGTH. (m).

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. g t-t7 MATERIAL. R Rehr' CORE. Concrete '-- peneýreie Membrane. °" Ores

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. R72VOIR CAPACI^Y m3 INCID-T Ss

'. ' Failed. Dam on Oil Creek Reservoir, Cuba, Allegeny County, New York4

Valley d/s broad & flat to Olean 1 16 mis away. Cuba is 2 mis from reservoir, supplies Erie Canal. Completed 1859, area 400 acres, depth of water 40ft, freeboard 5ft. Earthfill ; top width 15ft, u/s 2: 1, d/s 3: 1. out. Two freshets during construction - considerable sections washed

7- Al

!ý W'' 4 1ý C 1'Q ': ., - ,., . .ý. se . ` Yy,.. F]. , . ' . ý" ii =. ` ý ," j. #-' .C /- ýre% i ".. ?i 'T", V-, °' t"i' , ýý^-` , , ^ ski"'f:. , - . "X, " !c " 3 _4 , + p, d; ' ýC Y^q... ^ syr.: '"}: ä,. ýr. '. i. '( ir, ,,. -. `."r...... - ,

tt " " IF Y, i .,s - . 2ý A, ' A', 'i ä'f'ft r'. ::. Vr : y"y., .. ". 's`.. - P i ~ý` "r1 Miry, C Ni, 'ýIC "+S, ^, y, r""'' '- R' ý }ýA. . : q_ : ný. "`eý. akv ý' "q' .l w, ' º..... e.. r" ..,, a" i n l F Jý _ý_ " , ý. Kv NAM OF DAM. DAGUERRE POINT. co U. S. A. AREA. üEIG'iT. (m).

(m). M. R. CREST LENGTH .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle 4Gei¬ill TYPE &rrr'b3' MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete .C oellerete Menbrane. pýeý

YEAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 1906 INCIDINTS: Failed 1963. debris. On Yuba River - barrier dam for storage of mining Orig dam completed in 1906.4 Earthfill - Corps of Fnginners dam to trap gravel - pursuant to River & Harbour Act of June 3rd 1896 & June 13th 1902.

Flood washed out one abutment. 350,000 dollars to repai*. Feb 1963 centre section of dam washed out - major reconstr . underway initiated by contract in July 1963. NAI'I OF DA". DAN NO 3 COtn TRY. America.

(m) 8m. AREA. TM.TC'; T. . --- .- . Michigan.

CREST LrNGTH. (m). I,Z. R.

Hmban rnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT]RI AL .n 1--_=*_RT CORE. Concrete mos Concrete Menbrane. weitry

YIIAR OP C07.?PL 2i'IO??. RrSý'tVCIR CAPACI^Y

1916. m3 Ii1CID- TS: Failed. 1930 Concrete + earthfill 7.6m high Built 1916.

Groner ICOLD 1969-

_- __ý-ý w. COM71IRY. NADLEOF DA.,!. DARMNO. 4 U. S. A. ARFA' HEIG; 'T_(m). 12.2m t4ICHIDGAN. IM.R. CREST LENGTH. (m).

Embanent Earthfill Puddle ^*-11 TYPE. Cp sky MATERIAL. R-**' CORE. Concrete C, te t.? +ýeýs enbrane. pot' l

YI3ÄR OF C0?TPL R: 'ff 1VOIR C:IPACI^Y 1921. m3

INCIDENTS:

Failed 1930 Built 1921. Earth Embankment 12.2m high Overtopped.

0 y =tea.

t#runer- ICOLD 1969.

_-- ä " y: rýä. NAT.tr, OF DAM. DAM NO COUTTRY. U. S. A..

IlmG''T. (m). kRTE'A.

CREST LE'NGTH. (m). I.T. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill con. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

RYSE'RVOIR C'iPACITY YIAR OF C0MPL7T I ON. 1933 m3 IPICID TJTS:

Failed 17/3/1936 On allegeny river, at Braeburn Penn. Completed 1933 Flood cut 200ft - 500ft gap 2000ft long around west abutment. SEE BRAEBURN.

CATALOG. E. N. R. 2/4 1936 vol-116 p. 516 E. N. R. 30/4/1936 vol 116 p. 630. NAME OF Dili. DARRO. COUW2RY. SPAIN.

2m. AREA.

(ri) CREST LENGTH. . 10.97m M.R. 1 Fi äme nt Puddle TYPE. Gravity MMATERIAL. YAok4"1 CORE. Concrete 'ho Membrane. Masonry

YIIAR OF CO?.IPLMI011. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

ca. 1300 m3 Ifl CID:, 3W2S:

Failed 1828 2m high rubble - masonry gravity dam built ca. 1300 vertical air and water faces. 36ft(10.97m) long connected by wing walls 100ft(30.48m) long to valley sides.

Smith. Heritage of Spanish Dams, 1970, Madrid. wait n1' DkM_ DHADM IS GULCH. COMI RY.

HEITfTT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I2. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress ý Concrete Membrane. " Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RE'SMRVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIMI S:

SEE FORTE MEADE.

--___; .ý

ýa: . -_ -ý. -- -ý--- -- ____-- _ NP31D OF DAM. DEBRIS BARRIER No. 1. COM TRY.

HEIGHT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). S. R.

Embankment Earthfill Paddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

S '0

-r

r+ý -

W. COÜ4;TRY. NAA'!E OF DAM. DEL GASCO. SPAIN. AREA. HEITIT. (m)" 91m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. (m). 246.9m.

Bel thrVtT Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATý_ °-" 1 CORE. Concrete 19s 8-eftereibe Membrane. ettIOT Masonry

YI1AR OF COITPLETIOT1. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 11.788-1799 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 1799 during construction. Guadarrama River Spain. Straight masonry gravity(two walls filled with rock and clay) Ht 305ft(91m. ) Crest 823ft(246.9m) Constr. 1788-1799 failed during constr. Overtopped at a ht. of 187ft(56.1m. ) ?rater caused clay to swell forcing over part of front wall.

.,__. - Cat älö

J-ornal-- COt7TPY' NAI-E OF DAT.!. DETENTION. W. I. U. S. A. AREA. (m) 17. lm. HEIG'P . . (m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. . Earthfill Puddle Emban a ent R4446 i4-1 Concrete TYPE. CremibT MAT^RIAL. CORE. 9ýr: Membrane. m$ crýbe r

CAPACITY YEAR OF C0?'PLEPI07. R7SMVCI1. 424,000 m3 1963 INCID7NNTS: Failed 16/6/1966 Cherry Creek, Castle Rock Colorado. Earthfill 17m high, 119m long. for Flood Control. Built 1963. u/s 3: 1 with two 2.4m berms; d/s 2: 1 with one 3.6m berm. Procter crest 5.9m i out off trench, 95% compaction. Overtopped from d/s 0.76m - av. of one foot eroded slope. Gulleying at d/s ýoe and mitre abutment. Catchment 19.7 km Design 94mm. , . rainfall Repaired.

Gruner ICOLD 1969 Lessons from Darm Incidents. COT-MIRY. NA"'TE OF DAS. DESERT. U. S. A. (m)" AREA. fmIG1T. 9m. Utah.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankrent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity mT-URTAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. " Other Masonry

T UM OF CO! PLI I 0?J. R' Sý"IVOIf CAPACITY 191aß m3 I! TCI0??1TS Failed . 15/6/1909. Utbh - cascade failure from Melville. Constr. 1910.9m. high

Catalog. G. Navarro. - "Saltos y-Presas" 1945 p. 1991. NAME OF DAM. DELLS No. 4. com Tmt. U. S. A. (m) 10.36m. ARM. HEIG'? T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 80m. I.T. R.

at1 Embankment Earthfill T'LlýR'llTM. . TYPE. Qreairy MATnßIAL. Raeh¬iml3 COR^. Concrete Buttrcm s a&rress4-e meffe"ry

YDAR OF CO?IPLMIO? I. R' S"T VOIR 11AP'1CI7Y 1909. m3 INCID-31TTS Failed 611011911. Owned by LaCrosse Water Co. 18hrs of steady rain 3" over watershed Attempt to raise dam by sandbags and earth scrapers. When water passed over the top they had suceeded in heightening the darn by 2ft, so there was actually 8' going over spillway. Concrete tore earthfill Wisconsin. Constr. 1909, ht 34ft(10.34m). 80m. Insufficient spillway capacity.

(Diagram in "Justin"

Early morning failure. Cascade to Hadfield. 4 a. m. phone call - so no loss of life. 8 a.,. reached Hadfield - straight over wing wall at West end which Crest was 2ft lower than East end.. of spillway was 10ft below level of E end. Therefore effective freeboard 8ft. Five ft flashboards were used on the-top of the spillway which had a lgth. of 450ft. Flash board ! debris to the free supports caught much and this did much obstruct 2 discharge of water ov, r the spillway. Catchment at this point 1350 m Shortly after this water broke over E dyke, which had so far not been tr -oubled because of the fact that its wing wall along the spillway was built to the full ht. of the embt.

Catchment. Cap.

DELLS. 950 m12 10580 acre ft. Hadfield. 1350 ml2 9923 acre ft.

Catalog. Gruver ------Justin - Earth Dam Projects. Journal of Electricity. Jorgenson. E. N. vol 66 p. 3249483 10th Oct 1911. Le Genie Nov 1911 2 33 Civil . 11 no p. NAIM'mOF DAM. DIANDI COm TPniY. U. S. A.

(M). AREA. I_IG=P " 15.24m. CALIF. TT.R" CREST LH?JGTH. (m). 103.63m

Embanlcaent Earthfill Puddle =- TYPE. Cre },"y MAP IAL. ý-ý+*_*' CORE. Concrete CAnereb-e 8wIr4c, eS Membrane. p4}hr M

'MAR OF C07,TPLETI0? r. RrSTIVOIR CAPACITY 1924 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1926. McMahan Creek California. Farthfill ht. 59ft(15.24m), lgth. 340ft(103.63m) Constr. 1924 Overtopped due to settlement.

Catalog. COIIiTTV! NM1 OF DA?. DIXIE LAKE . U. S. A.

IIG, 'T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT-.RTÄL. Rockfill co.Rc, Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. " Other Masonry

YBAR OF CO!.IPLEI'IO? d. R 'M3VOIR CAPAC ITY m3 Ii1C ID-TITS :

Failed. Little Six Mile Creek Texas.

DIXIE LAKE = MARTIN DAVEY NATZL OF DAM. DIYALA. Or DYALA. COIIFFEX. IRAQ

NEIG"T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (rn). M. R.

'_'_-ý'" rbq"4""r"nt - Puddle TYPE. Gravity rrÄPERIAL. °e=iý t CORE. Concrete s C-ono tG Membrane. s Ogr Masonry

Y3AR OF CO*IPLE IO"1. RRS71VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID: 7TTS : Failed Iraq N. E. of Baghdad, completed 500 B. C. ASas onry On river Hyala, a trib. of Tigris on eastern bank.

-- _Z

Catalog Gruner comm"TRY. NAME OP DA',!. DOLNA HODRUSA. CZECH. AREA. IMIV'P. (m). 21.5m. M. R. CREST LEdGTH. (m). 318m.

Earthfill Puddle Embanicr ent Concrete TYPE. Eby MATERIAL .4 CORE. ýTlCS"ýý' Membrane. ;' ß+_p99 S sr

ACITY YDAR OP CO?TPLEPIO? T. R'SJ VOIR CAP 1954 432,000 M3 I TCI ENTS: Failed 1959 Czechoslovakia. Built 1954,22m high earthfill Overtopped, erosion of d/s face Hodrusky Rive2r, 315m long. 3 Cap. 432000m /sec ' spillway cap. 12 m

1969-- NA1tE OF DAM. EASTEND. COMITRY. CANADA

8m. AREA. HEIG'-'T_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). ! 1. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. &reurýfE9 MATý_ . ý. ,_..ý.°°.., ý CORE. Concrete -'- BeHrtTtp" O~reýre Membrane. " Ctiiar )ioffleuwf

YM OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1939 M3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1952 Saskatchewan, Canada, Built 1939,8m. high earthfill. Overtopped.

ICOLD -L96-9 20ZI174TRY. NAB'IB OF W-11. EDDY U. S. A.

HEIG?3T. (M). 13-72m. AREA. - CREST LENGTH. (m). 316.99m. N. R.

Embanicnent Puddle TYPE. Cry MAT_ IAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete BwMbrews Cm, - - Membrane.

YIJAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 3 1890 m INCIDENTS: Failed 6/8/1893. New Mexico, 6 mis abpve Eddy, Pecos River Rockfill, constr. 1890 1040ft(316.99m) Ltg, 45ft(13.72m) high 21.5ft(6.55m) wide at water level. 6ft(1.828m) at crest u1 rock slope 11: 1 faced with earth to slope 2: 1 d/s slope 1: 1 Overtopped - insufficient spillway

M .ý.

Catalog.. Groner -- - 41- 19 J1ý q 02 . -ý. - -- --'-9 E. ld. vol 47. Glaseified--review 28'-.p 2021---O2- _ ý_. NAME OF DAM EILDON. COifl TRY. A%wT A1. iA

AREA. HEI" -(m).

CREST LENGTH. (m). II. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane, Other Masonry

YRAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

-- -_ ------: ------------ -=------_ - -- - -._ NMI OF DAM. EL. HABRA COUTTRY" ALG7.RIA.

(m) AREA. HEIGWP. . 35m.

CREST LENGTH-(m). 330m. M. R.

mg-ber,kMat hfti1' Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. fl k. 1. CORE. Concrete s deIe e Membrane. ' xwwwwr Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. RL'S tVOIR CAPACITY 1856-71.3 30,000,000 m INCIDENTS: - Failed 1871. + 1881 + 1927 Habra River, gravity rubble masonry built 1856-71, and 1865-73. 1871 ht 110ft(33.53m) crest 1066ft(324.92m) railed during flood probably poor masonry. Loss of 200 lives- destrustion of several villages. 1082ft(329.79m) 1881 1-Then filled leaked badly - ht 115ft(35m) crest Overtopped by flood in 1871.300ft carried down to base. 400 lives lost in 2nd failure. Repaired 1883-1887 flood 13ft Ht 117ft(35.66m) 26/11/1927 - unusual resv. abv. normal max. 124.2ft high 89.2ft 1881 - profile changed and strengthed wide 1927 Failed overtopped --no deaths - warning. Watershed 1M hectares(3859 ml2) yet annual yield l0s, 000,000 m3 (28,521,000,000 gals) /sec, Variability of flow: litres gallons/sec summer 500 132 winter 3000 792 freshets 700,000 184,894

Storage. 30,000,00om3(7,924.000000gals) 64 209 lives in1881 - miles from Perregaux Ht 33.6m crest325m + 125m spillwajr freeboard 6m. Average rainfall abt, 15" of which only 1/37 reaches the stream. Rain is very unequally. distributed over the &ifferent seasons therefore dams built. - Not complete until 1873. ruptured Dec. 1881- severe storm 6-j" in very short time'

--- Gruner- P. I. . paper no-6648 21191196-1- Schuler ermann Iýierri: . man P. I. C. E. vol- 70 p"447-"- -1881-1$82 . ,e Genie= Civil--- N-1-1-1-7/mars/1928 - =-N32-24%Nars/l928" __ =-3 "In a very short time the height of water resulting from the rain was observed with an udometer to be 0.161m; and as rainfall was general in the whole basin, the total quantity of water can be estimated as 128,800,000 cubic metres. Rupture 100m long and 36m deep. i. e. to base. flow. Overtopped by lm. - 500m3/sec NAIII; OF DAM. EL KAFARA. COT.lITRY. EGYPT

SEIGfTT. (m). 12m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Beehai" CORE. Concrete Btirbbreeß Cererebe Membrane. " (}t3w. r Masonry

YTThROF COMPLETION. R, VOIR CAPACITY 2778-2563. B. C. m3 INCIDZ NTS:

Built 2778 - 2563 B. C. ' 12m high masonry gravity Flood

------ý__. __ Ca-tal6g Gruner =-_ COQ NA10 OF DA2d. ELCHE _ SPAIN AREA. HEIG'iT. (m). 23m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. (m). 70m.

Embanlanent H ß1 Puddle ib TYPE. y MAT__ Reell CORE. Concrete a,s Cnere4e Membrane. 0 Masonry

YIDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 400,000 m3 1632 - 1642 INCIDENTS:

Overtopped 1793 - severely damaged. Overtopped again in 1836

Constructed 1632 - 1642 Rio Uinolapo River Rubble Masonry. Resv. cap 400,000 m3 Curved wall 23.2m high, 12m thi ck at base 62.6m 60 degree internal Mean radius of curvature is . angle Alicante Province Ht 76ft(23.1m) crest 230ft(69.96m)

_\ ýr

Catalog., NM OF DL lx,. ELK CTTY COMITRY. U. S. A.

HEIG'. (m). 9.14m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 615.39m N. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

! BAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

l92c; 1 -i -J rn3 INCIDNJTS : Failed 1/5/1936 Oklahoma - rolled earth - conc. core & cone. slab face. Constructed 1925 ; ht 30ft(9.14m) crest 2019ft(615.39m) Main dam 850ft + dyke Overtopped by flood. City said to have reduced spillway capacity in order to increase storage Cloudburst 33-" 4 8" of in hr and 5-" in 2hrs - in one evening. Entire crest overtopped by 18" 150ft(45.72m) section of centre gave way. Overtopped with damage to crops and roads Low long embankment - waterworks dare - failed 1 a. m. Spillway inadequate. Overtopped for full length of 2619ft by 18" until 150ft centre section gave way. April 30th violent storm. u1s 3: 1 d/s 2: 1 max ht 20ft. When built 5ft deep cap = 10000 sec ft In 1933 lip of spillway raised 2kft

new spillway level reservoir caused resv. 90 acres and held 600 acre fit practically empty at start of storm. max runoff from drainage area of 12500 acres is estimated as 15000 - 18000 sec ft

run off 0.6"" rain would fill resv. Besides main break dam was noarly. washed through in several pl,, ces. Whole of d/s eroded Res. cap. 250,000,000 gals. To stop seepage put in wells two d/s. side one in spillway to recover seepage water

Overtopped 4une 1937 with no daz; age

Catalog 1/19-36 - ýý--ýroý-11 p-8-5ý-fi1-_ - --_-- -- -_ -_- -_ -- -? _-- -- COM TRY. NAPE OF DAM. ENGLISH. U. S. A. (m) 30.48m. AREA. HEIC-T . (P P T. r,TH. (m). 100.89m. N. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YMM OF COMPLETION. i1SERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed /6/1883 Sierra County ' California. Rockfill crib structure 100ft 00.48m) high, 331ft(100.89m) on crest 50ft(15.24m) long at base Originally a wooden crib structure filled with stone, a heavy stone facing had later been placed with flashboards on the top of the dam. At t the time of failure water was within 2.1-" of the top of the timber fashboar, '. s. ,,Then these gave way, the dam crumpled to its foundation.

_=f Catalog Gruner '--- -- .----- 27J3/19 Schuler- Reservoirs for Irrigation, Water Power & Domestic Water Sup y. ,Ailey N. Y. 2nd edit. 1908- Notable Dam Failuresof the rast E. N. R. vol 100 p. 472 8 E. N. vol 22 p. -- NAME OF DAM. ERINDALE COM TRY. CANADA

llm. AREA. HEIG -(m).

CREST LENGTH. (m). 210m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill v_,__ TYPE. c )MATERIAL. RO X=1 CORE. Concrete C"ars" fie B044e . . "- Masonry

YIlAR OF COMPLETION. TESERVOIR CAPACITY

1910-1912 m3 INCIDM S: - Failed 7/34910 llm earthfill buýlt 1910-1912 Catchment 450 ml Resv. 200 acres Earthfill - conc. core + masonry overall 700ft long. Spillway 96ft long, freeboard 6ft

H:_ NAME OF DAM. ESCANABA COTnTTRY" U. S. A.

(m) AREA. __IG_`i'_ " 5.49m & 9.14m (m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. fi4l TYPE. -Amami -Roe! CORE. Concrete Gonere'5e . SutitaRaa,s Membrane. Qther jiam=rY ,

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. MI VOIR CAPACITY

1912 m3 INCIDM S:

Failed 25/6/1930 Michigan. on Escanaba River owned. by Escanaba Paper co. 2 dams 9 one above the other. Earthfill Built 1912 Ht 18ft(5.49m) & 30ft(9.14m)

Overtopped. - little or no damage.

Bulit 1907 ht 36ft 2000 acre ft. Built 1910 ht l9ft 950 acre ft Wells, 1 mile d/s from 36ft'high dam and 3 miles fa: n l9ft high dam 900 people. sig hazard.

».,. ..

------Cätalögp ----- ü. S. B. R. Safety Program.

- . N. R. 10/1/1930 vol 145 NAIIE OF DA14. ESMALI COM RY. TURKEY.

(m)" AREA. Hol", 18.3m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 298m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT__ ' ifl CORE. Concrete ce tor Membrane. 4 Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RE. I VOIR CAPACITY 3 MINCIDM 1093 1.7T1 S: Failed 1916 ON. gok su river,, Gosksu, nr. Askudar, nr. Istanbul Masonry centre section with eart'i wing on R. H. S. Constr 1892 completed 1893. Ht 60ft(18.3m) Overtopped. Built 1893 for water sunply abt 3 mis S. E. of Anadoluhisari. Masonry section has three series of spillwatys with a crest length of 58,55m - has mechanically operated downward sliding steel gates (internal) +3 no. lm dia pipe spillways.

, ngineered by Henry Gruver built 1891 - 1931. 916 failed required entire abandonment and to be rebuilt. second faiiämre in later years caused by rapid drawdown during a lood which also erode, d/s toe of masonry section In 1948 heightened to increase its maximum rev. elevation from 29.6m to 2.40m.

atchment 2.5 km2' max precipitation 1078.6mm, min precip 426.4mm roes cap 1.71.1 m3 max ht 19.75m. crest lgth. earthfill 179.8m Total crest lgth including masonry section 298.4m

I "

atalog COIF reg. -; ------rürier= ------. -- - 'T 1967 Ural & Ungan. arge Dams in urkey 2COLD ESTRECHO COI RT NAFIE OF DAM. de RIENTES " SPAIN (m). 45.72m AREA. HEIGHT - (m). 11.R. CREST LENGTH .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAB OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1798 M3 1NV1L. `.ilY'1Di " Failed /4/1803 Built 1789 150ft(45.73iº) took 34 years to build. Not filled until 1802 Breached April 1893

_,.;... . NAyn OF 7A'.. EUCLIDES da CUNHA. cotm `ny. BRAZIL

IMIG T. (m). AR^A.

C112ST LENCTH. (n).

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT-"IiIAL. Rockfill COn. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YJAR OF CO":PLE'_'IO". R^S-TIVC`I?t CAFAC1'Y m3 INC I7ý? 1TS: Failed 1977

T "`ý+ aýer`ý'öwer b ri UöMMMruä'tibri. April 1977; COUNTRY NM1 OF DA' FAIRMONT. . U. S. A.

(rn) 9m Imo,IG_ T . (n) M. R. C? ST Lt'"TGTH. . 365.76m. ll Embanlm. ent E arthfi Puddle TYPE. Gravity IIAT'RI4L. Rockfill CO3^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. + Other Masonry

YMR OF COPLE"IC". R^S: VCIit CAPACI^Y

1819. m3 I`ICID71JTS : Incident Feb 1022 Wood + earth + stone dam on Schuylkill River America Resv 6mls long . before Constr. started 1819 , in Feb 1822 commissioned subjected to flood Did fail. a . not 9m high, 365.76m long.

----

ý: '-ýt NPTM OF DA'. FALL RIVER COLIi;TRY. U. S. A.

(M). A! Ä. ru I G-T .

CRISP LE?1GTH. (n). Ti. R.

Embanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity I'AT-2i I4L. Rockfill COR2. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YMIR OF CO? LE "IO'7. Ir, S',"tVCI! '. APACI^Y m3 IT..rCI7--, '! rrS:

Failed 1908 Hot Springs South Dakota. Old Timber Dam. Gave way causing concrete gravity dam downstream to slide.

-ý"- -.: .ýý.... ý..,"ý.. _. _... _. r., 9- .-R. --vo1 -J7 P%6"2-, ------E. R. 'vol -58 P"55

-ý-. COrn7rZY. NAIT OF DAA'. FERGUOG. ALGERIA.

(m) 43M. KIM. R! Icr9 . . (rn) I.I. R. CFi:,:ST LENGTH. .

Embank-rent Fl,MP4kfýi+1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT llIAL. Rookcfill co. . Concrete Buttress een ere t in Membrane. Other Masonry

CAPACI^Y =, R OF CO?"°LE"IC". R"S, IVCI? t 1870 179000M m3

2 FAILED 1872 1881 1927

Stone + masonry built 1870 Ht 141ft(42.98mig rock foundation, overtopped. Weak crest torn away in flsh floods of 1927 to depth of 13 to 33ft" Restored in 1934. to Type 2 failure - returned operation. River Qued Hammas. , el % X1 tXcap 11000M m3' spillway cap. 5.5m3/sec

FER, IUOG = EL HABRA see El Habra.

ý, -r

; -- NAME OF DA'. FISHKILL CoUt'I m- TRY.

E! IG"T. (m). AR^,A.

(m) ,.. C?SST L5?JGTH. .

Embanknent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATT IÄL. Rockfill CO=- Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. + Other Masonry

=, R OF CO! PLE"IC''. R^S IVCIn C:WACI^Y I3 Iii CbýTrrS :

FISHKILL = MELZINGAH.

K COUs,"!`RY. NAI'L' OF DAi'. FOLSOM. U. S. A.

(n) Agra. I_IG_. . 114m ?

CPT L71GTH. (n). 3109m. j' "R "

Fit tl Puddle TYPE. Gravity 2'A"'ýi I4L. R. ++ =1 CO3. Concrete H oes Concrete Vembrane. + ____

Y71PR OF CO''OLr'"IC'7. Tr,.S7IVCTTI CAPACITY 1955 1.254 m3 I`1CI7?.? TTS

January & May 1953. Built 1? 55. gravity, ht 114m, lgth. 3109t8t 1.251 m, American River. Failure of cofferdam. Nearest town - Folsom State, Prison, 2500 people at 1 mile ; high hazard

Lessons-from-Dam Incidents A. S. C. E.

_ .ý, - 'ý: -»

__....-: COLf;TT T. NAME OF : A". FORT PITT U. S. A. 3m. fl If-% u11 ARnA. "t, ST,. .IL. --m .

CREST L--"dGTH. (m). 1i. R.

Emban c ent Earthfill Puddle I&L. R. TYPE. Grwidj V-AT-I e?eý'iTl col . Concrete auttzle" Membrane. " Qt,3ae r- r ºaco

YJAR OF CUTT-ý"_' 10" TrIS717CITZ . -CAPACITY 1903 m3 I; 1CI7:.? ITS

Failed 1895 Pennsyvania 3m high earthfill, built 1903. 13 deaths.

Catalog ------E.--- N. --vol _ 4__ 23J'7719 -- -i ------Penn. Water Supply Committee Report p. 50 1912 NANE 0F ")AA'. FORTE MEADE. CCIT?'RT. U. S. A.

imi 16m. AT-173A. FEIG'Ti'. .

CM, ST LENGTH. Ii. R.

Embanlcr: ent e Cry r? '"ý; ýIÄL. Roc! -.fill coaz- Concrete TYPE . ý^, . (39itere-lre fie. p#irea" 44aeewry

RIs2liyC`I? 1 1:1F_kCT"Y YT. R OF CO! PT-3`7I C'' . 3 1909 88,500 m CID7,.! prS :

FORTE ? ADE DAI1 = DEADMANS GULCH DAM.

Failed 9/6/1972 Deadwabns gulch dam, Sturgis, South Dakota Rockfill with conc. u/s fre Ht 16m. Resv vol 88,500 m Water Supply

Orig constr 1909, raised 1924, raised 1930 u/s Ps d/s 1: 1

storm estimated at 100 yr frequency Spillways passed 1000cfs (28 cumecs) Overtopped by by 0.46m. for several hours d/s washed out Did not actually fail

ý`- 'Lessöns Pi&i dam incidents -- ý- - ýý ---Omaha Tt rld7H-erald--l-4/6-1972-p: 5fl------

rza: . _ ;ý corn !'my. NAJ.TE OF DA'. Fourth lake CANADA (m) MCA., HE-1G, r. . 22m

LL'dGTH. (m) CREST .

Embank .ent Earthfill Puddle I4L. TYPE. Gsaari -y MAT cfsý1 co . Concrete w##+reýs er e Membrane. s Sihea.

Y1R OF Tr, S--lVCITZ 'CAPACITY 1960 m3 INC IO_TIT1'S:

Failed 1961. Built 1960,22m high earthfill

. s:. r. va?! " np 1efc_ FRACKVILLE

(m). ATi^A IIG"T. .

(n) 14"R. CP T LE'lGTH. .

Embankcent Earthfill Pud31e TYPE. Gravity r. "_'^RIAL. Rochfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete 2.Ienbrane. Other Masonry

Y 1'. R OF COPL"ýPIO". R^`ýT VC`IR C:1FýCI"Y

m3 INCIMMTS :

FRACKVILLE = HAUPT ESTATES.

f --ti' NAPT OF SAA'. FRAZIER VALLEY CM TTY. CANADA.

(m) 3.66m AR^A. _____ . " CP7,:ST LENGTH. (m).

Embanlc^ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity I.ATRI L. Rockfill COn. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YTR OF R7S71VCI? t C;tFACT'Y in3 I`.: CIr'TITS: Overtopped 1948 British Columbia Canada Ht 12ft Overtopped Freeboard 5ft

r FRENCHl,IAi1'S CREEK COr,, r!'? nY. U. S. A. NAI'L' OF DA! . (m). AqT itIG-'1" . 12.19m. (n) 883.92m. I;. R. CP2ST LT-IGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Pud31e TYPE. (miry ýTý,'"_U I4L. n= 1 COR2. Concrete Bwbtre-s (,bscrýte Membrane. Y

R"S73VCI? t I_1PACI^° YEAR OF CO! PLL'PI O" . 1951. m3 I'; C

Failed 1952 Montanas near Basco. xolled earth construction, built 1951. ht 40ft(12.193) crest lgth. 2900ft(883,92m) vol 80,000 yd res cap 7010 acre ft. Overtopped. NAIMT OF DA! '. FRIAS DIJUE PARI)O COTPTT Y. ARGENTINA

H IG"'T. (m). 14m. AMA.

(M) M. R. Cn2ST I, E GTH. .

Embanknent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Crain-#"y Tte- 1 C033. Abe 3«+bre ec 019s94" " pý} Meýeesrry

YJAR OF CC'"?LETIC". RýSý3VC`ZIt CAPACI^Y 1939 m3 ICI7_.? ITSs

Failed /1/1970 Built 193, Ht 14m cored earthfill FRIAS )I^U!, PARDO = PARDO NAJ. OF DA!'. FRUZ"$GROy°?RS COMITT-11- U. S. A.

(m). 10.97m. ATZ73A. FLIG"'T . (n) I. R. CRI'`ZT LENGTH. 0 277.37m. I.

Embanent Earthfill Puddle MAT III u. y C0: E. Geiwaýak TYPE. % mviiy ý- ß-eýrerctc ýe . 0-bi, eT ry

TCS--'IVCIT-l CAPACITY YTIAR OF CO''°L7"I O" . 1898 in3 I'_:C I37TIT S Failed 15/6/1937 On Gunnison River, nr Austin Colorado. Constr. 1898 cost 21,700 dollars Ht 36ft(10. gim), lgth. 910ft(277.37m) 33,400 acre ft. Spillway in d/s never used. Slip covered outlet 9 therefore a man made out was made.. 30,000 dollars worth of damage, no lives lost, rebL rebuilt u/s 3: 1, d/s 2: 1 , crest width 14ft, Lb 36, DI 17, SG 2.74 very fine inorganic clay in thin layers by teams and wagons, hoses put % on fill to alter m/c. y D50 = 0.004mm, of clay 56%

Freeboard 7ft. Built to 10ft high in 1898 Raised to 22ft in 1905 Raised to 32ft in 1900 Raised to 36tt in1935 Failed 1937

Slip prevented lowering - Hinderlander immediately ordered excavation of a narrow channel in spillway. Owners cut Oft wide trench in dam where t structure was only 5ft high. Flow widened and deepened the trench so rapic ly that the entire 34,000 acre ft discharged in 9hrs.

--Shepard. ------_- -' ------E. N. R. 24/6/1934, p322,932, vol 118,110 -

äy i ' _'`+

_- -ý i ýý 1 NAIL OF DAAD. GALLITNAS CotP', Y. U. S. A.

IIG''P. (m). 28.5m AR^&.

CP:3ST L7,1GTH. (m). 64m Ii. R.

Embanl=. ent E"? - 1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity I':AT'3i IAL. R"4fm. 1 CO1. Concrete Buttress Membrane. + Other Masonry

YT"_R OF RAS'-'IVCIß C.'PACI? Y 1910 63t000j000 m3 III, CID-77?PPS:

Failed 5/8/1957 Fl Failure 95ft high 64m long masonry + wood. T?r. Las Vegas on Gallinas River Spillway cap 260 cumecs, resv. cap. 6314 cubic metres.

Three 50 year old dams of masonry and wood. Owned by Santa Fe rail Road for ice ponds then part of Las Vegas water st su'ply. 90M gallons flowed through SMMXX! Las Vegas when all 3 dams failed.

Catalog. -- -ASCE ICOLD 'n.. .. -- E. N. R. vol 159 p. 28 8/81957 NAME OF JA! '. GANTT COU1TflT. LT.S. A.

FEIG"T. (r ). 16m. A! A.

(ri) C? ST L !'CTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 4*wA%y 1IýmýI4L. i4eetie?ti'1 COR. Concrete 4drleýe#e Menbrane.

R^SMVCI! CÄPACI"Y =, R OF C0'. 'PL"ý"' IC'' . 1925 m3 30,000 I'TCI7ý.? 1TS: acre ft.

Failed 1929 Built 1925 Conecuh River, Gantt pop. 509 high hazard. 15.7m high earthfill Hydro + recreation. Overtopped. cap. 30,000 acre ft.

-. -. --.: U. S. D. R. SAfety Program. Gruner _ ICOLD 1969 NPI-TE OF DA'. GIBSON DAN COt T"U. S. A.

(M). 54.25m ARBý. I0, IG--T .

CPPST LMGTH. (n). M. R.

ant nom: h+ 't Puddle A... &1A- TYPE. QMWA MAT:-Il IAL. -" COR^ Concrete Concrete Membrane..,. Other t0IU7

YnAR OF C0:'°L3'_'IC". Ir, '.'IVCI? t C:'1PACI^Y X929 m3 105, 000 ft IýrC10-; TTS = acre . Failure 8/6/1967 Built 1929 River Project in Montana, U. S. B. R. dam. 178ft(54.25m) arch dam with cap of 105,000 acre ft. Peak flow 60,000 estimated at 50,000 - cosecs, filled available storage then overtopped. Concrete dam damage but arch , overtopped but no ' overflow resulted in erosion to the accessc and right abutment.

300 people live 58 mis d/s in sun River

!_ 4lorld Darns Today Nov. 1967 p238-241. fey of -Dätns-- ä leclaiidtlon Äcliön. -F. hominy COL1_7___ NAJM OF -)A_". GILßERT RUII. U. S. A.

15m. A'f^A.

tI. R. 304.8m Earthfill Enban1c: ent Pud31e I ^ ýýI yL R-eyelieFi}'1 co.?. EQettere'be Concrete TYPE. Grmctty -"". . u+breeýs 2'enbrane. aft rj

Y7 R CF CC"PLý'. 'IC". R^Sý? '1ý?'. CiFACI: 'v 1913 758,400 m3

I'. CI, )""r- :

Failed 1913.

ALSO KNOTENAS BRADFORD 2 A2 failure. ]J.? m earthfill built 1913 On River Gilbert Run nr Bradford Penn with a crest length of 304.8m and cap of 758,400 cubic metres. 632 acre ft) 1913 initial on filling - leakage aroun''- end.

1 NAvn OF 7A'.'.. GOODRICH CR 7,r. . U. S. A. 15m Xr-. A.

M. R. CTS:r LE' G H. (n). Earthfill Puddle Embank ent Concrete TYPE. 8remtb7 r 1.^^; ýI 4I,. flee1rfs*1 COR. Ca I'. ... -- Seas , eteire er ibrane .

C:AFACI^! Y7'..R CF CC"°L3"'IC". 186o in3

I!. CI )MrrS s Failed 15/6/1896. Also called BAKER CITY, 12 mis from Baker City, Oregan. Built 1860 15.2m earthfill Overtopped - extensive damage d/s. 7 drotmed

New dam didn't fail on site of two previous dams. 1st built in in 1896 1860 by Chinese labour - 'cashed out Second built in 1900 - leaked so badly that it wasn't filled until 1.921 failed in 1956 after a concrete patch harl been applied . It

CataloC. ------ICOLD -1969 - C1ascified Review of Dan Pgv, Failures E. N. vol-47 Western Construction News. Dec 1961" COLP S. NAI. OF ')A! '. GOOSEC ý_ý,. =%"'i. U. A.

6.71m. A'fl . ý.ic--T-(rn). 701.04m. I;. R. C'?3rT LMGTEH. n

Embanl=-ent Earthfi11 Puddle i 'I COR2. Concrete TYPE Gpwu*b7 2!. . Vembrafe. ik&Orm i: aaeory

I. tFAC!? Y =.. R OF CC:'DLý^IC". 1903. m3

I'TCIý,! rr : Failed 14/71916 Water supply for Charlston S. Carolina. Built 1903 to a height of 22ft(6.71m) had a top width of 10ft. u/s & d/s 3: 1. Clay built with extension 15ft below marshy floor of valley. At end timber spillway 100ft long. Crest lgth. 2300ft(701m-) Heavy rains washed out embankment.

Crest width 10ft, bottom t1id1h 142ft

, Also Failed 3/5/1900 Platte River 210ft high rockfill Overtopped Fl failure '2.2.5cm'of rain(911) of rain overtopped washed out. Never completed

------I¬OL$ 1969------_- -Justin - earth Dam Projects. --- E. N. vol 76 p. 232 = F. R. vol 74 p. 273 2nd E. N. vol 43 p"330 17/5/1900 E. N. vol 48 p"437 27/11/1902 COLI::"_'ZY. NAJý' OF m r. GOLPALPURA IPDIA.

14m. AR^.A. 11.R. C??":, 5T L5'?JGTH. (n)

Embankment Earthfi11 Fuddle 11 Concrete TYPS' y 1_ý^^ýtI4L ''-^=` CORE. . 9errerýbt Membrane. - , _,__ ! " 04*e-r '°O sobT'

CAFACI^Y YMR OF o -. r, g^S 2VCI? 1955 m3

Failed 1955 Built 1955 Earth rolled embankment 13.7m high

i COÜ."; ^ _ T. NA1M 0? ]A'. GRAND RAPIDS -- U. S. A. (M) 7.5m AR^A TOIG " . I. R. C!t T Lý?1G'? 'H. (n). I. Earthfill Pud31e Embanicent 1 yuT- 3 t. r" oraritiy (ß TYPT' -- """ n 11 n Yýný'A . S ý- Xa-aawy Ofir

ýý'JC?? C LFACI^v =. Cr CC"°L=IC". -- R -R m3

I'.. CZT? rr : Failed " 2/7/1900 TTichigan. Parth with puddled clay core, lined on inside with rubble masonry in cement, ift thick on a layer of concrete 1 ft thick. 12ft wide at top u/s 11-: l d/s 2: 1 Cap 6M gallons with water 7.62m deep. Overtopped - 100,000 dollars worth of damage Built 1874

s t

___ Catalog _... _ý.. - -- ^_. ------' ICOLD '1969 -- F. R. 11/7/1900 N. vol 42 NAM OF -)A". GREAT ICE DAM. CCLI: %"'T7T. India.

(M) AR^A I_IG''i . . 44m. . (n) T.. R. C'7' T Lý?1C"_'ýi. . 304.8m Embasi.ºc, ent Earthfill Puddle Roc? `i11 Concrete TYPO. Gravity L'."-. "_' _ -, COR. Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

=. CF = 713'10". _R m3

I'. CIS :

Failed. 12/9/1928 In the Karakoram Tits on the Shyok River at confluence with River ( Indus dam of ice) 1000ft wide and 1200 ft thick. Vast lake 145ft deep (44m)

I r

Water &water Enýineering 20ýýý299.. 425. _ -^ ^ ter & water Engineering 20/9/1928 P"433 cotMITIRT. NA1f OF 7A". GRTME400D DIAM. U. Q. A.

Vi (m) KIM.

i 11 Emb=vc.: ent Earthf Puddle TYPE. Gravity IaT 1RIÄL. Rockfill COR. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. " Other Masonry

CAFiCI? Y Y'1."_R CF CC'°Lr"'IC' . m3

F^. iled 1936 hew Ilartford Conneticut Timber dam, 100 years old, washed nut house and bridges 'TO supervision.

4 COLIMIRY. NA1M 0? DA!'. GREEN PTTPER U. S. A.

(m) 104m. ARM. -IG-. "

CMm LE'JGTU.. (r)" Earthfill Puddle Embanlc^. ent Roc.. CO?_. Concrete TYPE. Gravity 1,: m -fill Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other !.!asonry

1967 m3 I? TCIDý:?P! 'Ss 43,000 acre ft

Failed 1965 Ore gen'America 104m high cone Gravity dam built 1964 Overtopped. coffer'am during construction. Diversion tunnel cap 520 cumecs At failure inflow = 840 curnecs Before cofferdam washed. out inflow incresed to 1100 cumecs 7,stimated peak 1680 cumecs. Completed 1967 on 'Middle ; antiam River, Sweet Home Oregan. near , Hydro+Recrea, tion+Irrigation+F1ood Control

Swertholme 10mis d Is 3945 people. High Hazard

A. S. CE: '-Les? ýon3 from Dam I cidents = r ICOLD to it to II Gruver R. N. R. 7/1/1965 vol 174 p. 20 COü A. f NA1M OF OV GROS VENTRE " U. S. Apt^.A. 185ft M. R. LENGTH. (n) tlOOOft C'.?-7ST Earthfill Puddle Ernbanl=. ent rt+ COC. Concrete wait 1'."". ^___-: TYPE . Y Membrane. .- rette Y

; FCC?^v Y'.7. R OF CO'°L: 7'IC.. 3 M 1925 80n

F1 failure // 1927 Built 1925 earthfill Natural barrier created by landslide of 4011 cubic metres, most of 8071 which lrr. s suitable dam material. Resv. ao formed had a cap of cubic metres. seepage through the dam corresponded to the rrevious river flow within 3 weeks. Heavy rains in 1927 caused overtopping --t a place where the material weakened. 1/10th of dam carried away Lake lowered 14m which left 30DT cubic metres.

Landslide long formed dam. Left 23/6/1925 -1 miles thick, 4000ft i alone as people regarded as safe and stable. 18/5/1927 gave way 6 died' 100ft of water lla. Failed m . seepage + overtopping Town of Telly 3r1 mis below swept away Though rapids would form dorm to original stream bed Obviously no spillway

------Ar LsSaRS"'Yýdmärri-Iric3ents' - -- --. -" - E. rr: Bbl 99 p 6QO-66 . 1927 - E. rT.R. 98 878,917. vol p. - COtfl7_`RY. NAI-E OF -)M'. GYONGYOSOROSZI KIN HMGARY Al-, A. `IG. M. R. CT?TST i 11 Embanl- ent Earthf Puddle . i11 TYPE. Gravity I kL. Rock CO.R Concrete Buttress Concrete 1ý.'embrane. + Other Masonry

Yy"R OF CO''FL3^_'IC" R^ST? VC? ': CAFACI^Y m3

I'.: CI7:.? ITS s Failed 1965 Mine Tailings Darn. Lack of permeability = water logged Freeboard insufficient Overtopped in storm flood.

-'! Classification of Risk -_GrunerLCOLD_ NftJ OF )A! '. HALF MOON BAY U. S. A. Apt^"3. FCIG___(ri) . 24.38m. (n) C!-FT LEE"JC'"ýi. . Earthfill Pu331e Embank ent Concrete TYPE. I? "-.'"ýRIAL. *60IG"14 CO3. "A+PWA40Y Menbrane. But b., es

3 C:1FACI^Y YM'R CF CC'DLY'IC". R^Sý'? 'JC? m3

I? 1CI7-.?1'rS:

Failed 1926 California. Rolled earth 80ft(24.38m) high Overtopped

4 C20.11nt. S. A. NPJ OF DA'. HARLAN COUNTY U. A'fA. RJ'-(m)' 31m.

C!C T LE"1CTH. (n) 3600m. i 11 Puddle EmbanIcnent E arthf Reek*s-l-1 COR2. Concrete TYPE. Qri mI AL. Cev°s'e*-e Mer. gj, tress ýbraae. tj r rf

'Rý, ýT ^Tý ^ 1FýýI^v Yn". R CF =713 'IC"" 1952 431,735 m3 JýTCII Failed 1956 Failed 1958 Built 1952 Rebuilt 1957 Rebuilt 1963 3), 5m earthfill with gated concrete spillway, crest lgth 3600m. u/s 21: 1 for upper 9.7m & 3: 1 for rest Rip rap disturbed by wind On Republican River. p431,725 cubic metres cap, spillway cap 12,940 cumecs , Flood control. 'Naponee d/s 3 mis 250 people'

- _--- I_. ýQ_ý; 7T`Ies ö`nä_fröm Dam dents -_ ------ýý_, Grainer ICOLD 1969 COMMIRY. NA1T 0? : A'.'. HARLEMRIVER U. S. A. (m) 41 t AT A.

(m) C:?:°T LL"JGT"i. . 106.68m. Enban.: ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity VkTMI. &L. Rocl: fi11 Cow. Concrete Buttress Concrete Vecbrane. Other Masonry

YY R OF CC"°Lr: 'IQ". CAPACITY m3 I: ': CI7.. rrI: Failed 1893

HARLEM, RIVER = PUTEN DUYVIL

New York - Two dams . Ht 4ft(1,22m) lgth 350ft(106.68m) Wind + flood tide caused rise of 12ft and subsequent overtopping

4- HARRISON. COLIMIRT. U. S. A. NA! 0? DA`: . i 3m ATMAo 61m. 1"i_R_

Earthfill Pu331e Embank ent t'E^, 3IAL. 1100, f .341 COR20 Concrete TYPE. y ý`------Eu-tress Ca"ip#q Membrane.

yyll a. ý

C ACI^° YM"_R CF C0"9Lr''IC" R^Sý'? `dC? 't AF UI3

I.: CIý.: i'! 'ss

Failed 5/5/1931. Earth dam 10f (3m)high 200ft(61m) long Montezuma 1 mile above Georgia Cascade failure from Beaver Creek Georgia Power Co.

Catalog E-.TýoR: _-Wl-Iab COÜ's;"_`: iT. NPJ OF DA" s HATCITOWN. U. S. A.

i_I G''i 18m. ATMa.

(n) C3: -,T Lm1G'"u. .

EmbanL-. ent Earthfill Puddle VIAT RI 4L Ree?t¬i* COc. evrrL 4e TYPE. " .ty `-' Bernres sCQC ifers'lrrýe . et M: r 2:eree

=.. R CF CC:'°Lr'_'IC". CAFACITY Built 1908 m3 I:: CI")7 r-rc;: Failed %5/192M Failed 26/5/1914 - seepage ?

On, Sevier River, S. Utah, 220 mis S. of Salt Lake City Built 1908 Originally built 1900 9 earthfill, leak washed out In May 1901 second dam built to a ht of 40ft, with 20ft wide and 4ft deep spillway at centre(timber) to discharlte onto d/s face of rock fill. - reported to have withstood flow of lft on spillway

A rising stream and spring floods + hith winds + inadequate spillway r resulted in overtopnin7 and-carried away dam although strenuous attempt to save by ppening culvert gates to full height and raising crest. Most inaccesssible location.

Earthfill 60ft high puddle core Can. 12,000 acre ft Wave crest of grater sweeping down valley was 30ft high, destroying 10 of 15 smaller daps and was finally caught by Piute Resv, raising its level 4fjt. Grunersays seepage, Justin says leakage along conduit 20ft'wide on crest u/s 2: 1, d/s 2;1: 1 Outlet works = double compartment gate tower "; chamber connected to a 5ft x 8ft culvert Irrigation dam.

---, . --vo1-"-C9--p.7-2G------.------_- __ýýý _ Justice -- -,. - Gruner ICOLD 1969 - Journal of Electricity E. N. vol 75 p. 60 CO1flT11 iY. NA"a OF JA'. HATFIELD. U. S. A. XfA. F_'I27"' -)" 7m, (! I.I. R. C??:$ T LE JG'_^??.ýý . Earthfill puddle Embanic": ent RdL'. '_'i! 'Y COR3. Concrete TYPE. Gaast4.t, 3r . Am7Mj4L ffa 2!ecbra ie. " pý}, ýr Y

'JC?? m.1FACI? Y Y 3ZR OF CC:'°Lý"IC". R^S-'? 1908 m3 I! -1CI77! rr I Failed 101911. Winsconsin Cascade failure from Dells. River lit 24fT(&m) destroy ed pare of Black Falls- 11 miles 3383 peopb Built 1908, rebuilt 1912 to 96ft pillway cap 1076 cumecs.

Water rose immediately over the wing wall of the spillway, immeldiaý(3r west of the gate house, quickly stripping away the earth over the core wall and washing out the dike around the end. Thec: -ring wall at the west end of the dam was 2ft lower than the east end. The crest of the spillway was 10ft below the elevation of the top of the east dyke, but for the reason stated the effective distance was 8 ft. Five feet flashboards were used on top of the 450ft spillway. The flashboard supports caught much debris and thus did much tý obstruct the free discharge of water of spillway. Catchment 1350m1 } Shortly after this the water broke over the east dyke, which had not so far been troubled because of the fact that its wing wall along It the spillway was built to full he; ght of the embankment. Is doubtful whether the-Hatfield dam would have failed if the Dells Dam had not failed first, as it:; spillway capacity was considerably greater

Catalog- - Ü. S. 13.R --- E. N. R. vol 64 p. 4469487 E. N. vol 66 p482 Justin Earth Dam Projects. (pictures) Le Genie Civil Nov 11p 1911 no2 p. 33 U. S2A. NA1rý` OF DÄ`. HAUPT ESTATES. COuW1'ZY.

W. ATMA. Imr. - -I I (n) 1,I. MIT LETGTH. .

En ban'C: ent Earthfill Pud31e 2 imp II4L. Rockiill CO. Concrete TYPE. Gravity . . Buttress Concrete Membrane. " Other Masonry

=. QF C0: "OLr''I0' R"Sý'? 'JC?'? '.1. C_T^ -R . m3 CI') ?r! ' Failed 13/12/1901. 2 dams. Near Frackville, Penn Upper dam used for ice production, failed 13th Dec 1901 from heavy rains. washed out 2nd dam Below and dam of Ashland Supply Works.

/2 __ ý ate :ýý. --26 O9 vbT -.n26--ji: 1ý81;- NAJtE OF DAM. HEBGEN COU}STRY. U. S. A.

37m AREA. `_(m) .

CREST LENCTH. (m). 219m. M. R.

Embanlc-nent E arthfi 11 p. TYPE. C. "by MATERIAL. i4a CORE. Concrete

O+hrr *S

RESETIVOIR Cl1PACILY YI11l,R OF COT.TPLET I ON . 1915 m3 427x. INCIMI S:

Failed/accident 17/8/1959 AJ accident 37m high earthfill, cap 427 Mm9 on Madison River Montana. Concrete core + spillway. 218.85m lone

On 17th August 1959 jarred for several hours by earthquakes up to 7.8 on Richter scale. .ý , laves passed over dam lowered by 0.61m. rý end reservoir On u/s ' movement of water so great that u/s toe could be seen. Shock caused spillway end of dam to settle 8-10"9 wavewash of 10.91m, over crest for 10 min. -4 such waves passed over crest. 'Grass & small vegetation washed away.

Uattalog E. ". R. 10/8/1959 p26-29 U. -:). B. R. Safety Program. NAME OF ')AM. IT"BRON COU TRY. U. S. A.

(m). 17m. AREA. HEIG-TT .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1127m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. a vity- MIATEIRIAL. ll@916&11 CORE. Concrete Beeim Membrane. tbereenr

YIAR OF COI.IPLETIO^T. RM5T3VOIR CAPACITY 1913/14. m3 INCID2, S:

Failed 2/5/1914 and /1942

Constr 1913/14 on Chico Rico Creek New Mexico. Earthfill 56ft(17.07m) high 3700ftý1127.76m) long with u/s slope of 3: 1P and d/s of 11: 1, with crest of 12ft and 6ft freeboard. Catchment 350 square miles, 203ft pillway wide , with Bear Trap Gates. Fine 11=20, % sand PL=5, D 0.07, of clay = 15% 9 SG = 2.66. 1914 failure probably p? ping - gap 200ft wide, by 31ft high by gopher holes. 1942 Overtopped, 18" over 600ft, washed out 100ft section.

Merriman 5th edition p. 1544 Sherard. NAME OF DATA. HEIWA-IKE POND COtfl TT Y. JAPATI.

Hr, (m)" 19.6m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Crav4y MATERIAL. tle-ekfiLl CORE. Concrete Btirbtreps 6emneb Membrane. fthu. t ts'9

'MAR OF COT.TPLMIOIT. RrM'IVOIR C'IPACITY 1949 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1951. F1 failure 19.6m high earthfill built 1949 in Japan. Overtopped Shaft spillway capacity 32 cumecs. Rainfall for 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, July was 246.9mm Hourly max. was 81.4mm Catchment 1580 ha. Landslide of 120 ha. covering 80-600 m2 and 0-5-1-Om deep. 37,000 cubic metres of earth & 230 cubic metres of timber went itto reservoir.

Cap of spillway at resv water level 1.4m below crest was 34.4 cumecs. Time of disaster flood discharge was 95.2 cumecs and on an assumption of 50% inflow of earth & :sediment.

Gruner ICOLD 1969 A. S. C. E. Lessons from Dam Incidents. NAME OF DAY. HELL HOLE DAM COMX'Ry- U. S. A.

IEIcrr. (m). 67m. AREA.

CIJST LENGTH. (m). 6 1m. M. R.

Embankment Puddle TYPE. OI Ti tf MATmRIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Bwt+bre ms timie re 1e Menbrane. O rer tasenry

YBAR OF COI"IPLEION. RnST_1VOIn O-APACI^Y 1964 rn3 ITJCID= S: Failed 21/12/1964 Rockfill under construction. It was '. way to its planned 400ft when the rain came. Dumpel. 30,000 acre ft of water into tributary of American River. Volunem8.811 cubic yards. Flood period 19-27th Dec 1964 Overtopped by 30m before erosion- due to flow through rockfill. Rockfill with inclined core. 122m = full htight, 479m long. ý1F)"Surface unravelling occured due to flow through & down rockdrill of rain in 5 days. To improve progress construction allowed to place D/s rockfill shoulder 170ft higher than core. Core overtopped by a flood which attacked d/s shoulder. First at 1.30 on 21/22. By nightfall 22/12 water level 72ft above core. Erosion started during night; by 6.30 on 23/12 water level 97ft above core, by 9.30 10Oft above core and rockfill breached. In next hour water fell 60ft releasing 19,000 acre ft. Flood wave travelled 56 miles to next reservoir-at 14 miles/hour. 700,000 cubic feet of fill lost.

Groner A. L. Little Problem of Embankment )ans Journal ! '$CE Feb l97 1. E. 11/3/1965 28 T . R. p. H.??. R. Jan 7th 1965 p. 21. NAME OF DA',!. HERRIN COM','TRY. U. S. A.

(m) 12m. AREA. HEIG-; T. .

CREST LENCTH. (m). 213m. I7. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. &r vi MATERIAL. ill CORE. ve4e g+A s CARGO e 46em4whaKe. Qitlhr r'' 9

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. ICSý'ýVOIR CAPACITY

m3 IITCID= S: Failed 22/6/1935 Illinois 12mis south of Herrin on Little Wolf Creek. Ht 40ft(12.19m) crest length 700Ft(213.36m) Overtopped & washed out South Illinois Puddle core wall 21/22 Night of - torrential rain Concrete spillway 100ft wide & Oft deep located at East side of dam not d -.' ged 2000h acre watershed 14-5" in 2 hrs, spillway capacity 2660 sec ft. '20ft wide on top , 3: 1 u/s, 12 1.7 d/s 'Settlement caused overtopping of at least 2 ft "I NAIlE OF Oky. HERRIN COMITRy. U. S. A.

NEIG"T. (m). 12m. AR-3A.

213m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. m) .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 0TMvt'* MATERIAL. Rsok¬i-l-1 CORE. Ccnc p BWLt-"P" Gen drubs Moplibreele. O41 r teensy

YB R OF COMPLETION. IMSEIVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INC 1LXNTS:

Failed on night of 21/22 of 6/1935 Illinois, 12mis south of Herrin, on Littlt Wolf Creek. 4oft(12.19m) high, 700ft(213.36m) long earthfill Overtopped & washed out Puddled core Night of 21/22 - torrential rain Concrete spillway 100ft wide and Oft deep located at 1East side of dam not damaged. Watershed 2000 acres 14-5" of rain fell in 2hrs. ;Spillway cap 2660 cusecs '20ft wide on crest, 3: 1 u/si 1.7: 1 d/s. Settlement caused overtopping of at least 2ft + inadequate spillway. Settlement in deepest section of valley. ,

Green. P. 7,,. Solving a dam break by deduction. E. N. R. 16/4/1936 vol 116, n. 169 p. 556-558 0T-1171I NPJ' OF J. HOLDEtd U. S. A.

T (m) AREA. }tEIG'? . . 4.5m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). t7"R"

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. g1"ß j MATERIAL_ '_'_ ==fi CORE. Concrete Gent oe Membrane. 04i-le'r- y 3`

d RrSE"3VOIR CAPACITY Y1IAR OF COP. IPLEP IO? . m3 INCIDENTS:

Overtopped on several occasions. 'ithstood 4 inches overtopping for 15 mins. 15ft high, catchment 5 square miles, 30 inches freeboard, 108ft spillway slopes 4: 1. T arthfill

Trans A. S. C. E vol 77 1914 p. 564 - Flood Flows by W. R. Puller P. A. S. C. ^% vol 49 P"1748,1923 HOTT NAI'LE OF DAT.'. CRE . COMTTfY. U. `;. A.

IMIG"T. (m). see below ATREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. GGipeev±'4 MAT11TIAL" 14001K-Aa CORE. Concrete Qwb4L@OQS go"*'*"e Membrane. 4aar ;; sawiy

YIIAR OF CO?'PL: TPIOTT. ws rVOIR C_1PACI^Y 1911 rn3 I'TCIM? 1TS: 30 miles from Denver colorado failed 28/1/1914. built 1911 for irrigation. 55.5ft i? "1 ht , main structure was 4550ft long, and contained 714,000 top l6ft, d/s yd . width slope 1.1-:1 for first 16ft, remainder 2':: 1. U/s Paced with concrete. Crest 5m wide. )tardted by pining then overtopped P2 failure. ALSO Failed 20/8/19Y, 10 miles Northo of Holly, on Horse Creek. Farthfill 40ft high, 2300ft long, 2500 acre ft capacity. Built by C. '. A. e. 1 A. State inspection "I. F. . R. of modern construction under as flood control darn. Overtopped by flood, washed out bride F. Saute Pe R. R. tracks. T?o lives lost No. core.

4 lifts - wagon dumped - no compaction. No moisture during compaction. QOft high 28/8/1935 two small dams near Holly flood control dam failed . Unprecedented flood. Overtonfec for 2 hours. rpillwey 2"7-)ft wide, 5ft deep inadequate. Practically no mater in re^ervoir at time of flood, an' outlet valve oven. TTo lives lost -n d.eouate warning - ten-p_orarily rcrtrained. flood.

Cata]. o r. TT.. vol 95 'T? 5/9/1935 vol 115 1D.3/1 n. 10 Justin T'arth darn protects. :. TT. vol 71 n. 82" r. ß. vol t9 Le Genie Civil n. h1 7/3/191'i n. 5.30/5/1908 n. 26 20/10/1911 n. 2.11/11/1911. com"ni'fT. NAME OF DAII. HORTON (MISSION CRTEK) U. S. A.

HEIG, 'T. (m). lOm. AREA.

CREST LENCTH. (m). 342m. I'i. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gy MATERIAL. ^oefi'l_-i CORE. @0"06ta Cbrrcr to Mn*rafte. 0*ker

YIIAR OF COI"IPLETIO'1. IMMMOIR CAPACITY 1923/24 m3 I21CID'XPNTS: Failed 18/6/1925 Kansas, near TTorton, on Mission Creek. Rolled earth clay cores u/s pavement of concrete slabs. TTt 3Aft(lO. 36 ), lgth 1125ft(312.9m)

Bg3 CönsY°r113p23ýAdt settlement and overtopping; - inadequate spillway. Volunteers to break 50ft T0n managed close when about wide. June 2nd 1925 5.0511 brought to within 10ft of spillway. Rain on llth, l2th, ?, 14th and on night of 15/16th 4" of rain fell. causing 7" fro flow over spillway.

10.30 am on June 17th till 3 an on June 18th another 4.48" In less than 3 hours after this rain water overtopped at rast '?,, Test ends causing breach at settlement points. Engineers had been this low had time. . advised point needed attention for some Volunteers stopped breach with trees e, timbers weighted with sandbags. HUARAS COM7_'_,Y wa t+T7n^ ') A: . . FETT A'ß^3 .

I.L. R.

but Earthfill Pu331e Rocitfi11 ý. 9rsrriy ý"ý^ ;? j "+L. CO? Concrete TYPE . Concrete Membrane . Other 2:ason17

'? ý. `,FAC! 'Y YM R CF CC"? Lr"IC". R77'4J?'1C? m3

IITC I77*ITS :

Tailed 1943 Natural lake, icefall, overtop? ed , 5000 killed

I GOUT-`y. ?TA" 07 3-A-11. HUASCATZAtd PETIU A'r^A.

C23ST L5'1GTH. n) . Earthfi11 FWFA04" Pu331e Roc: fi11 TYPE. at' ý"^ý'? I "L. CO?n. Concrete Hombre 4s Concrete I'enbraze. " Other I asonxy

7(M. R CF CC"°L-"'IC". Rý'Sý-ý7ý ? -i !P tC T^v m3 I_; CI7: ý?rr : Failed 1962 Natural lake, icefall, 3500 killed Peru. overtopped 9

I ns ')4"_ HYDRAULIC Co. uer*r . rý. A. ATMA.

('i) C'??$ T M"JC"_'H. .

Emb2r 3c^ent Earthfi11 Pu331e TYPE. Qftrýv'i't'f Concrete 1'enbraze. t*ýc, csut

YMR CF CC"°L7'TC". 1855 m3 I"C I0 ''r :

Failed /8/1905 Built 1855 Farthfill

4 HYOKIRI. COLh1TRY. KOREA. ,..FIAFLj Tý yrA -%LJn:All t-.

IrnIGýr'(m). AREA.

(m). M. R. CREST L'-"NGTH.

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COrIPLE'PIC!T. RTS"-!,'3VOIR CAPACITY M3 I! TCID'? NTS: failed 1961. South Korea, 125 mis south of Seol nr. Namwom. Failed during torrential rains. overtopped 25o killed (Gruner says 114 deaths

.ý

Catalog Gruner NNZ 14 July 1961. NAIE OF DA°T. IABIA. COMI rr.

B_ km). 25m. ARr A.

(m) 1ý CfTs^T LENGTH. . .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COME. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COPIPLETION. 11-IVOIR CAPACITY 1876 m3 I! TCIDENT S: Failed 1890 Built 1876,25m high

0 NM OF DM',. IRON RIVER COMMIRY. U. S. A.

i_IG_T. (m). 7m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IZ. R.

Emrý.2&a=Qnt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Elrawi-b MATERIAL. ReekX CORE. Concrete rees QQ"QXals Membrane. Other Nolso"VP

YBA.R OF COMPLETION. RMT3VOIß CAPACITY 1870 1921. orig I replaced m3 INCID= s: Failed 12/12/1923 Failure of old timber dam caused the loss of an earth dam below. On Iron River, Wisc. Timber dam built 1870 for sawmill, replaced 1921. Timber dam called Mud Lake Dar,,, contained 6ft of water. 7.30 a. m. on 12/13/1923 timber dam gave way, cap large while that of earth dam small. Cascade failure

TBuilt for Iron River Light P,", Power Co. 1980 acre ft. Now receation.

Catalog E. PI. R. vol 90 p. 788 earth. dam. E. N. R. vol 90 p. 3PO timber dam. CCU:f''?. JAPAN. NJ 0^ IRUKA 1)AM _ '

(ri) ! IC'i : " 28m ( 1.. R. C7r c T Lý..,. J ý_...,mss ýý " 692m. Earthfill Pu331e Enb=nk. ea: ýI,. 4e-dr"sý-1 CC C. Concrete ... =ý-"ýr TYPE _C "=y . ---' Menbrane.

0 L: zr

m 1633 I"CID-'""n: Failed 1868 '_;arthfill built 1633 28m high, 692m long ^torame area 1.56 Square kilometres. Catchment 34.4 km 1882 "pillway enlarged 1944 auxiliary spillway installed Vol 15P1809000 cubic metres.

'^Torld Register of Dams saya called IRUKAIKA I on River Gojo. E. arthfill.

1 1

Failure ._ýýV_ ý.. __. _ _. - ý ___ .. _-- ______. _ _ .. >tatistical of Dams in Japan COLr7`fT NA1' OF 7A". ITHACA. . U. S. A.

UlA" FiG--. (M). A ('i) V=. 7 Lý'rcT ?. Ernba ic^ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity I'.. ^^'? I3h. Roc'-,,fill CQ?2. Concrete Buttress Concrete Yernbr2ne. Other I. asonry

YMRCFCC'"Pt TC". 1903 m3 I': CI-): 7TT!-,:

ITHACA = SIX ?.,TILE CRP,,-,,-K.

I- `. ý --ý IVINY' AM' C0tT ''? 1Y. POLAND

A't^. 17m. A.

C2tST 1.,.R.

ýAt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cre I kT-,? IyL. Assk¬iLI CO?.3. Concrete 9erreseire Membrane. " Other

Y71.'R CF CC"? LA"IC". "!, FACI? Y m3

Failed 1967

17m High earthfill crib Overtopped by flood, 17 Killed

'. -. - -zý, U. CCt: T`iT. . Ä. NAST' 07 71'. JT'AT LTTE 7A. (M) 6m. HMO, " -A1 (, 1i. ß. Oý, c'?` L. "1'J"s. ýý "- 91.4m. Earthfill 131:331e Enbrn3cent eeiei=1-1 CC3ý. Concrete TYPE. C.v. ý m"Y """ýýýIzI, gb"res"ýte !. enbr=ze. go

12 R77!.-TI Y71,ßR OF ýcý. 3

I"CIT7 "°: Failed 5/7/1903 ??arthfill 6.1m high, 91. t! m long Overtopped - insufficient spillway - 40 lives lost 4.5 m wide on top, 2: 1 slopes

J ä'

a alog E. R. 11/7/1903 vol 48 ýr. N. 23/7/1903 -

.ý NfiJI OF DA?!. . EFF RSON COUNTY COtrn ny.

FIErG-'T (m) AR-A. . . (m) CR ST LEi1GTH. . M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity TNSATfRIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF CONPLE IO?J. RrSI, 3'IVOIR CAPACITY

JEF'F'ERSON COUNTY = WARD.

.ý c

I i JENICF NAMT OF DAM. COM TRY. CZECH.

(m) 23m. AREA. HEIL-'T. " (m). I CREST LENGTH. "R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ortrvi y MATERIAL. °crockfi-U CORE. Concrete Bub b!1 CSs Membrane. 64ker r.T=-TM=Y

YEAR OF COMPLETION. IC STsRVOIß CAPACITY

1961. m3 INC IDMITS : Incident 1963 23m high earthfill built 1961, d/s 1.15: 1, and 1.75: 1. Partial failure requiring sig destruction of the revetment of the downstream bank. (a) /hr) Causes Unusual rainfall 65.4mm in 70 min (max 62.6mm, with about 0.02 probäbility(duration of reoccurence 50 years) (b) Flow of water on the surface of the road, which had not been drained, to the d/s bank, in the bank. t, certain parts of (c) Excessive thickness topsoil(30-70 cm) on d/s bank. c of `Roots of turf(short grass) didn't completely penetrate the thickness pof the top soil.

: However, above all it was the absence of drainage of the crest that c caused the destruction. R`

NAIL OF DAlt. JOHN COtI PPRY. TOWT. 1J.9. A. m IcrT. (m). 21m. A'4EA.

(m). CREST LENGTH. 275m. I,7 .R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. f rtwi y MATERIAL. 4@okfL11 CORD. Gewarata moo. Cider

MSr rVOI Z YB R OF CO!TPLMIO? y . 'vAPACI^Y 1852 m3 IITCID:7, ]TS: Failed 1880. Built 1852 21m high, 275m long, av depth 10m, 400 acres.

SEE SOUTH"FORK.

i i

Surveyor. 31/3/1933 P"375" JOHNSTOWN. COUIITRY. U. S. A. AT np TA! _

HEIGT?T AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment E arthfill Puddle *11 TYPE. Or ecr roe MATERIAL. f* CORE. Concrete #. s .e Membrane. "Ner 14000rr-

YDA.R OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 9/7/1889 3 MILL DAMS FAILED.

Fulton Co., 'New York. "A York cloudburst occtrred near Johnstown, Fulton Co. 9 New on July 9th 1889 swelling the Cayadutta Creek, which runs through the town to such proportions as to cause great damage to property, including the destruction of bridges, .J a number of on one of which was a crowd of persons the flood drowned. Three i watching 9 several of whom were mill dams gave way adding to the destruction. "

iering, vol 20,1889, N. Y. ADAM COÜFI2lRy. INDIA NMU OF DA'. .

HEIG"T. (M). 41m. AR73A.

(m), CRTST LENGTH. M . R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Crai 4y hUTERIAL. { CORE. Concrete BmAA-waos e Membrane. at. lza.. Ma@enry

YI3AR OF COT'PLEIO! T. InSERVOIR CAPACITY

1949 - 1957 m3

railed 1958 India - Andhra Pradesh Built 1949 - 1957 40.6 m high earthfill with masonry spillway. Overtopped.

0 KADDMI. comet' `nnY. INDIA. NA M OF DA"'.

A! A. FcIjr, - '. (m). 22rn.

CRT LE'NGTH. (m). 3777m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. R44k¬i1 COR^. Concrete Menbrane. Otitt-r Masonry

YDAR OF COM'PLEIO? T. R-7S'-"IVOITICAPACITY 195^ 215T,2 m3 INNCIDTPrs: railed 31/8/1953 Andra Pred. esh India. Gatee of s7illway had electric drive. Flash flood in 1958 - power failed thus by supbly Cates manoevered by hand - too slow - overtonned 1 m. and was broached, Breach 450ft wile on left hand composite dam and 2 more breaches on right hand composite dam Composite dam 9 earthfill banks with m,,,sonryy dam. spillway design for 3500 cumecn with 17,L f, T'ITL at 696ft. 'Then 75ý cornple-t a flood. of 3556 cumec^ was exnerianced which c,-tuned a 'subsequent raisin lof design to 7000 cumec^. railure flood of 15,064 cumecs. Run off from catchment 203.2mm C mpleted eventually in 1965 3777m lone, Res can 215M cubic metres, snillw": ay can 11,900 cumecs.

icäta og ! Rao Bhagrathi July 1960 7 TTo. l. jDiscuscion- vol on 1)am Disaster^ I. C. ". n. 3(, 1. Gruner - Classification of Rick 11th ICCI, D. ICCI, 7) Lesron^_ from Dam Disnrters. NAME OF DA*T. KALAZJE[WA COmTPRRY. INDIA

imIG"T. (m). 15.2m ARrA.

CR ST Lam:GTH. (m). 5895m 1,2.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gaa-y MAT'RIAL. R 71 CORE. Concrete sas C---; pete Membrane. P,La; -aaw

YIBAR OF COMPLEIO? d. R7n'3VOIR C.LPACITY 1887 m3 ITTCIDTTTS:

Failed Dambulu Oya, near Anuradhapuar nr. Central Province Earthfill ' built 1887 Ht 15.2mß lgth. 5895m

.ý ti

Catalog. Gruner Nfil-T OF DAS'. KAMENO HARA TA14DIKE COM TRY. JAPAN

IflIG-'T. (m). 7.6m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle tty MATERIAL. fl-& TYPE. Gwpev sf± . CORE. Concrete B .tr C !Tenbrane. at m.

YBAR OF COMPLETION. ins r yOIn CAPACITY 1942 m3 IITC ID7LITS : Failed 1950 Built 1942, eart'hfillt 7.6m high. Overtopped due to continued heavy rain.

Gruner ICOLD 1969 NAIVE OF DA-Y. KAA!INSUE TATMIKE COMITRY. JAPAN

(m) 12m. A?1rA. HiIG"'TP . .

CREST L'am'TGTH.(m). IIi. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle MATJRIAL. Rc. f li. TYPE . ärzsv y a'.: COPI. Concrete Bwýbreaý Gerri e Menbrane. rfsy

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. R`:,'S-'3VCIR CAPACI^Y

1919 m3 INC ID`; rfTS : Failed 1964 12m high earthfill built 1919 Overtopped

., t

0 ^R, hrTT ^TOVSKÄYA U. ý. r. ß. *rniTrrlnL'LJ nnVL' -ºerT-Il+-" cotmTnY. _K (m) AREA. HEIG. . 22m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

T 7_ P__7 i Embankment +ýw_ýwýfiTl__ _1 . [ iZ' Puddle TYPE. ftravttg MAT^RIAL. Rock fill CORE. Concrete aa Game, Membrane. O4 r r: rj

T! IAR OF CO?IPLET I Ord Si . R' VCIT CAPACITY 1950 m3 T ýTw TTný1n1f' _

A3 incident llockfill_ dam, 22m high, commleterl 1950

"m 1933 - cement rubl, le °- nabioný nroviierl on -. an at high anI. this stare damn7e - etill to d/s slope from flood F, ice. Depths 1.63m. 7)isturbed 500 cubic metres due to: i. Poor rockfill ii. Cracking of rubble protection due to rockfill settle ment. ! iii. Driftin- ice.

1934 passed 1.4l. m over safely.

L- Les^ons- from d^xn incidents LCOLD. OF JAGT. COm7liny' NM KEDARNALA INDIA (m). 60m. AREA. MIG"'T .

CREST LENGTH. (m).

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Crr3a MATSRI L. x }11 CORE. Concrete B4441-"s C +sreie Membrane. O4kar- n"O

YDhR OF COMPLE IO?d. RTSTTVOIR V SPACITY rn3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1964 Kedar River, Utter Pradesh. 60m dam Earthfiil 9 9 breached

Cata og Gruver NMC OF DAM. KELIN COUITTRY. U. S. A.

(m) 4.5m AREA. HEIG'? T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RrS! 3VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDE S:

Failed 9/4/1893 New Hampshire 15ft high dam composed of boulders and stones. Ice pond - never tight and never protected from ice and frost NAIM OF KELLY' COÜITTfY. U. S. A.

ItIG--T. (M). 3m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1I1.R.

rWAWAtkff zt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. cry MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COIIPLETI0? 1. R7S!,33VOIR CAPACITY

ca. 1862. m3 INCID-71ITS: Failed 21/7/1912 On rau Clamr River, Ilisconsin. 2 miles south 5 miler, f; of Tausau. Hydraulic loft c1 m, high, heuen timbers white pine ý, wooden drift pins , filled. with stone. About 50 years old.

ý- - Czt ai og 8,/8/197.2. r. 1'. vol 68 ' p. 233 CotrnTrc(. NAT OF 7W". , 77TTTai C U. S. A.

SIG"T. (rn). 3.6m. AREA.

CI ST LENGTH. (m). I. R.

VmUau3Gaent Rem bilfttt Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. i' COR^. Concrete Bwb+reffl G ere` Membrane. (fib er Masonry

YDA.R OF CONPLETIO!T. R^S'-!,3VOIR CAPACITY 1895 m3 IIICID TPTS: Partial failure 13/12/1928 Kennebec River, at PTaddison. No liven lost luilt 1"; )5 T'? sonry structure with cut stone face. Flashboards set in crest, raised, bigger moment dislodged the crest. Factory had to close because lack of power. TTt 12ft (3.6m) Rnpairell..

Cata1 og r. 1r. r2. /12/12o. NAI"t OF DAT!. COILMIRY. KEINER U. S. A. HEIG"T (M). 13.5m AREA. . CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill TYPE. G *j MATERIAL. R*e=- ý1 CORE. Concrete BvA"eos Censro e%e. O1.: M""Ve

YBAR OF COHPLL IOfl. R'7Sý VOIR CAPACI^Y

1911 u/c m3 IINCID TTS

Failed 1911 under constr. Penns. Built 1911 13.5m high earthfill with cone. core Flood during constr.

Catalog Gruner Pennsylvania Water Supply Committee Report 1912 immr, OF JA°T. KHADAKWASLA c01271RY. INDIA.

10,IG"T. (m)" 33m. AR A.

MST LrNGTH. (m). 521m. li. R.

B"riphittl Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rod'.". TYZZ CORE. Concrete Býrlºýree'6 C4 e Membrane. (iiiýr Masonry

YTJAROF CO!'PLE IOTT. RTS'ý"IVOIR CAP&CICY

1863-1879 rn3 I CZD-Irr": Failed 12/7/1961. Affected more than 11,1people. 4421 houses in city and 632 in rural area affected. 88,239 people in city and 6836 people in rural area directly affected. Poona worst hit in the r'aharashtra State. 100 killed, 80,000 evacuated. 107ft(32.6m) high masonry dam across River I-Tutha. Oldest masonry dam in India. 10 miles u/s of Poona. Storage cap 3091 M cubic feet. Constr 1863-79 for famine & irrigation control commanding an area of it 384,000 acres. 9 By 1958 Khadak wasla was not sufficient, so was decided to build two earth dams u/s of Khadakwasla one on each of the two main tributaries of the river. 1. River Ambi at Panchet - storage cap. 11,000M f`t3 2. River I"osi at Warasgaon - storage cap. 13,000 ft3 KHadajjvasla was also strengtheded since stability analysis was used to show the margin of safety was not adequate Stage 1. Panchet started 1957 771961 Rain commenced 18 - between 1816 and 12 7 70" of rain fell (45" of this fell in 12 day period 29/6 P: 11 7) When Panchet was washed out Khada t-rasla was overtopped by 9ft(3m) Khadakwasla - freeboard lift no uplift in design or foundation dr<3. nage. length 1739ft failed after 4 hours. iRepaired 1964 - had radial mate d spillway in 11 spans of 4-Oft x 14ft further assisted by a shallow earth bank which could be breached if necessary (2ooft long) 1 in 2C u/s face, 1 in 2.47 d/s' face. Catalog Gruner LCOLD 1967 vol 3 x. 895 234 R53 ',later Power June 1964 p. 251. Pam Disasters - an assessment larch 1971, Biswas. PIC" may 1962 vol 22 p. 10-11. Rao Journal of Institue En; ineers(India) vol 47 p. 1123-1144 MAIM öw ') A?)r_ KHARAGPUR COÜ1ITRY. INDIA

(m) 24m AREA. HEI G--T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gi- rvi- y MATERIAL. R1 con.. Concrete D Goa4a #e Membrane. ra y

)MAR OF CMIPLIDPIONT. S--IVCißCAPACITY 1961. m3 I! TCIDZTTS:

24m highbearthfill, built 1961. Overtopped. Orig design 560 cumecs, flood 868 cumecs. F2 failure

Gruner ICOLD 1969 ICOLD lessons from Dam Incidents.

9 NAMT OF DA?.,!. KILLINGSWORTII COU1TRY. U. ;. R.

5.4m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. gravity ML'ATERIAL. CORE. Concrete Membrane. A+}ter Masonry

YDA.R OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 I! TCIDM,TTS: Failed 23/7/1938 18ft(5.4m) high earthfill with concrete core + masonry Near Cluton, Conn, for Guilford-Chester Stater Co. Overtopped mit cloudburst. 2 small res ervoirs overtopped. Upper lift high masonry, 30M gallons failed 23/7/1938 Lower l8ft high earthfill, 130M gallons.

.j 10" of rainfall, core wall overturned. c" 6ft of water left behind earth dam due to sandbagning.

catalog Engineering & Building Record & Sanitary Engineer, vol 20,1889, N. Y. E. N. R. vol 121,28/7/1938 & 4/8/1938 NPI-TEOF DA"-!. KITTAr1N'ING POINT COTM71'RY. U. S. A.

15m. AREA. H IG-; T_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 178m. M. R.

Embank-nent Earthfill Puddle MAT, RIAL" 'loot' l TYPE. g-1 v1 ' CORE. Concrete BuA400a ""we" Membrane. 04k,er t

YTBAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1877 m3 INCID= S: Failed 20/5/1094 TIarth dam for city-, -waterworks inAltoona, Penn. Crest length 550ft + 34ft wide spillway. 12.62 acre lake 65M gallons capacity Several breaks 6-10ft deep along crest. Dam remained in service, didn't fail completely. Built 1877 50ft hiehl Al incident Damage to d/s slope Caused bi- flood.

Catalog ASCE Lessons from Dam Incidents. E. N. 7/6 1894 vol 31, n 23, p. 473 E. N. 28/6/1894 vol 31, n 23", P"536 KOSFLASH. CCLr7_`. NA3, Or -)A" ýY. AUSTRIA A'Z^3. ?IJIG"'i (n)

I. R. C:MT LE'J1^''ý. ('ý)ý I.

Earthfill Puddle Er:ib=lc. ent TYPE. Gravity 1':.".^ 7?'. I +L. Rociffi11 CO?., Concrete Buttress Concrete 2'enbrsne. " Other t: asonry

-, --?... T-! .. CI? Y Y7. R CF CC'"°L2"_'IC. . m3

L'TClýNT$ : Failed. overtoopea by flood. "Tear Koeflash, gtyria Pro wince, Austria. Flood

4 COLTT'_;Y. NA1M 07,-' 7A". KOGOE-T:4l, 9EIKA. JAPAN. 16m

M. R.

Earthfi11 Puddle Embant=. ent Concrete TYPE. 6rervi! F- CO?. Imbbles (ýeýe+rsýiýe t'enbraze. " p+lksf

. ýcýfit CT7 nW F1,CT'? V Y 'R CFCCPTLIC". ..., a y--- 1807 m3

I_: CIýý'? 1"_'S:

Failed 1959 16m high earthfill, built 1807, han' - compacted Overtopped cc U: 17-1Ry NA!!:'0? 7'" KCM0RO. JAP_MT. ATrA. _IG_"(rý)" 5m. (n) C37ST LTT 1"_''?. . *'=ý1 Puddle Hribelz e" t ? "'s CO Concrete TYPE. Goovi4 ! ""-^^? I3I.. °!?! . Buttress Concrete Z'enbrane. " pti-er- Lý1

R77'7C17 c! FAC?"'v YL: R CF CC'"FLr'IC". 1927 m3 CI77''Pr : Failed fl failure / /1928 16ft(4.8m )high buttress dam, built in 1927

4 MTDLI COL*T?"rr .....iIH1"ý r. UJt",.., -%Ok., . INDIA Ani.". A. 45-x,

C2'3F,R'

FPWANWAIWO"t f+i i1 Pu331e TYPE. Gravity J.IATT IyL. R . 1i ii. 1 co..-? Concrete Concrete 2'enbrane. Qt er. t: asonry

YL. 'R CrF CCPL"'IC". R"c=-TrC? '? CAF AC 177 u/c m3 I"C IT'IrI S: Failed 1925 45m m., asonry & concrete gravity dam under construction, Overtopped'greený before Ctnstruction in1924 masonry set . started

4 KUIUI-SHIl. IA CCM-71'71Y. way-7 n^ 4" . JAPAN.

? IG''i (rý) 12m. A'flÄ. . .

C:13ST

Emb3nicrent Earthfill Pu331e TYPE. Cammi0w T,!A773R, IAL- cc-?3. Concrete 2'enbrane. (4ker

YT R Cr CC'°L--'IC". m3 I"C I7,? ImS

Failed 1959 Japan, 12m high earthfill Overtopped

4 uATir ()r lPe_ LA JALPA. CCMTTItY.

HE10-7 (m). AR!', A.

CREST LENGTH. (m). Id. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Roclcfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

MBAR OF CCI.'PL:, IO?1. RESEIVOIR CAP_1CI^Y 1650 circa m3 I21CIDEITTS : Failed 1839 Guanayuato State, 25 mis from Leon. Turbio River tributary to Lemma Constr circa 1650. Failel due to flood - replaced

Catalog of Dam Disasters.

9 CCt 72 iT. AUSTRALIA N um o^ T"'. LAMTECORRIE 4't"' (m). 21.64m ii. R. 68m c? I.: '?` 39R. Earthfill P1:331e Enbantc'eat a on 8 ips TYPE Cri-Y ,"..: . _-=__- ýe erýte -- ý

R7--TTCI_I 221212'1 Y7-i, C. cC:*'-t _R m3 1888-1891.7,771,000

? ailed 1909 Victoria On Loddon River, near Yaryborough, F arthfill - puc1 le core 71ft(21.64mý high, 1308ft(398.68m) long Can. 7,771,000m for irrigation. Overtopped - spillway inadequate built 1888-1891 i Spillway cap. 71 cumecs.

i 1

rrCate. log _ Gruner ICOL?) 1962 World Register COMITRY. NAI OF DAM. LAFARGE U. S. A.

HEI G'T. (m). AREA.

MST LENCTH. (m). III. R.

Epvhmll nt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ci a± ry MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete brems Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF C0NPLET I O?T RrSERVOIR . CAPACITY 1862 m3 INCI=S: Partial Failure 1928 Old timber dam of curious construction on Kickapoo River at Lafarge ''Tis. In rock channel the dam is 6Qftlong and consists of a top & bottom sill supporting 4" x 5" posts against which are placed 1" planks on edge giving a head of 6-8'. At the middle it is reinforce. by a timber bent or horse(strut). Built 1862 to serve sawmill, but a few years ago ca. 1925, became H. E. P. Power house some distance d/s taking water through r, flume an-1 having a head of 10ft producing 37.5 kw. and a new 94kva generator. lOutput 100,000 kw hr. per year "Known to times in no damage trash out several a single season - - just loss of power" NAB' OF DA°T. LAFARGE COU1Fl'fT. U. S. A.

IM,IG'T-(m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RT-IS'2,-iVCIR CAPACITY 1862. m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1928 Tfiscmnsin. Hydro electric Plant on K. okapoo River Partially failed in flood, Rock channel 60ft wide Top bottom sill supporting WI x 5'" posts against which are placed .& boards givingv a head of 6-8ft. 1862 Built to serve sawmill - in bad state of repair. flashboards .ý Moveable to limit overflow - no spillway c Rebuilt at sometime to old design, but length increased to 90ft, f Fjashboards usea throughout length. 1

i r i

r.? d. R. vol 100 p. 974. LAKE COmTTnY. NEW MEXICO. NAIL OF JA"T0 (m). IICIG"T. 15.6m ANJA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I1. R.

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gatt MÄTyRIAL. Rockfi11 COIE. Concrete Coffs e Membrane. O"Tt Maso*ry

YIBAR OF COIIPLMO? I. CAPACITYTY m3 IllCIDITS: Failed 1893 15.6m high Earthfill + rockfill. Overtopped

E. N. vol. 47

9 COMITRY. NAT-'L OF DAM. LAIE AVALON . NEtt MEXICO.

(m) 15m. AR.t73A. I1IG'7T . . CRTST LFNGTH. (m). 346m. 1". R.

Bmbanient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. MATEßIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Bess Gonrerat e Menbrane. 0 M. U

Y11A.R OF COIIPLTM,PIO! T. RrSTIVQIIZ ^AP_ 0ITY

m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 3/8/1893 48ft high earthfill + rockfill Pecos River 345.95 m. long Slope lz: lj crest width lOft

LAKE AVALON = LAKE ?

0 NAM OF DA:t. LIA M I'RA'CIS COMITRY. TJ.r. ý. +'FtATC1 . IM-IG--ºr. (m). 15m. AgDA. (m). CREST LL'NGTH. 302m. 11.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. ZawA MATERIAL. Ree4fsll CORE. Concrete B#, iwe s mate Membrane. 06*er J

YIIAR OF CO?IPLETIO? T. RTS7''IVOI! APACI^Y 1899 m3 INCID7 ITS: Failed 21/10/1899 The original Lake Trpr_cis dam built 1899 on Dobbins Creek, Yuba Co. Ca'. i. fornia, 35 mis from TTaryville. Use- emergency Dower supplies and had a wa.tershel, of 6.5 square mile^. T'ax ht 15.2'Im, top width A. &'m, and lend, -th of 302.36m, Freeboard 1.22m. u/s 3: 1,0/s 2: 1,. For 130m from the C. end. of the embankment was built with slip ( wheeler scrapers in 6&8" layers and was mtistened? and rolled. On the remainder of the there work was such haste that there . "Jas no attempt to place the in layers, liwas in fact in to materials . nlaced a manner similar an fill. The if It 'ordinary railroad earth used was a suitable material had been properly used, consisting of a red. clay e-, gravelly sandy soil containing angular fragments of rock. Spillway excavations were to e, width of 40ft in e^rth and ws line with a. wooden flume of 2" planks. A few days after the dam was completed there was a rainfall of 9" in 36 hours. hen the water had riseb to within 6ft of the spillway at llam on Cot 21st 1P99 the dam suddenly ruptured. A great crack, causing settlement, appeared. at the 'Torth end of the clam. This allowed water to escape through a constantly widening breach. The 98ft to-) 30-40ft the bottom. ,n wns wide on and wide at 'Iithin an hour the reservoir was emptied to within 23ft of the 161" seSur pipe at the base. About 20;'' of the original embankment of 80,000 yd were carried away. dry ''o compactive effort used. .- material PL=15 No core

ýCataIo

Tustin Trans ASCr vol 58 p. 198 && 59 cote TRY. NA1'm OF JA*t . LAKE GEORGE U. S. A.

ItIG"T. (m). AREA.

1'iR CREST LENGTH. (m). ""

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity ITATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBBAROF COIIPLE ION " RSSE'1VOIR C.IPACI^Y m3 INCIDENTS:

LAKE GEORGE = LAKE LIDDERDALE = LIDDERDALE.

9 NAIT OF DA*!. LAKE HELNET COÜST___ U. S. A.

6m. AREA. E IG'T_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 83m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. T MATERIAL. R eak-:f tI* I CORE. CA"Q&R g R+1: ß Ovrrcret e Mentz Lute.

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. RMERVOIR CAPACITY 1895 m3 I! CIDENTS: Failed 16/2/1927 On San Jacinto River, Near San Francisco., near Palm Springst Calif. Built 1095 Reconstructed 1923 Earthfill with puddle core Ht 20ft(6.1m) l ; th 273ft(83.2ri) dam high 17.314 involved Main was an 45m arch dam 9 cap m3 - not Saddle dam 9 was breached after being overtopped Top width 3mß u/s for up'Der L5m and 1: 2 for rest. ýD$s 11: 1. Overtopped by more than 1.5m. [-farm rains on snow caused runoff. ,l killed Masonry dam 135ft(122.5 in 1895) undamaged by flood although overtopped by 5ft 'earth darn that failed was an auxillary structure built in a depression 3/8 mile distance in the rim in 1923 when the masonry dam was raised. 5ft in turn Cored .-rith crest above core . which was not carried above 1masonry dam 5 the was . Thus ft of water over masonry meant core 5ft below water which sto2d level with the crest of the earth dam. 114,000 acre ftq 32,300 yd of material.

Valle Vista, 2500 people at 12 miles away.

Catalog 10/12/1936 E. N. . ICOLD Lessons from Jam Incidents. Gruner ICOLD 1969 98 423 10///1927 . 1T.R. vol p. PTAM 07,7A". LAY, LATO'TYA CCTP:TTY. U. S. A.

(ý) ATt31. TýIG"T' . " 13r no (rr) I'. R. C'ýý^,T L^'dGTH. . 701m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle OTavi#r TYPE. :ý'"1'"ERIý'I, " "" eýi11 CO??. Concrete But t reue Membrane. "r

YJ R OF CO?'°L"ý IO". R^,S^'IVCIT C"LF: LCI^Y

1966 n3 I"CID7NTs:

'ailed /10 1966 13uilt /3/1966" L arthfill 43ft(13m) high, 2300ft(701.04m) long homogeneous embankment. S0 acre lake. No injuries - police evacuatel. 30 families. A 60ft piece of a 308ft long concrete ogee spillway collapsed when water pined through near to the cre^t next to snil7Vrny's left winr wall. 1 5 killed

Recreation dam )f American Ttealty Service Corn. for housin7 development.

Temporary cofferdam held hack about 1 of the lakes water.

L-- Catalog !.. '1. R. 27/10/1966 p. 18 Gruver COU'2 RY. NAIL OF JA . LAY_T LZATICYA U. S. A.

iIG"'P. (ri). 15m. 4'ilA.

C??SST L' JC'"ýi. (m). i,:. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. EF!ý&vi b7 Y-AT--RTPL. CO?^. Concrete B xes s rnnr. Membrane. r F-ss ertT -

YJAR OF R^S "TIVCIP. 11F:'1C I^v

1914. n3 I? 'CID71 TS:

Overtopped 21/22 1411942 see MAMMA. Mexico - rollerl earth Const 191/1. 50ft(15m) high. Overto-pred for 6 hours did not fail. u/s 3: 1t d/s 2: 1. r'edium plasticity clay PL=2r), LL=37, SG 2.54, °' of clay Q%, D50= 0.009 Crest wi(Ith 20ft .ý On Chico Rico iiiver

r I

Catalog Gruner Sherard. ASCE Lessons from Dan Incidents. LAKE McDONALD COUIITfY. U. S. A. ,,,1y1L"u A,? nMvL" -,'n, n1T_.

I (n). AKA.

CREST LENGTH. (n). I'. R.

EnbanlcTent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MMSAT2RIAL.Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YEAR OF CO?HIPLiMO? I. RrS'ý"'IVOIR CAPACI^Y m3 flTCIDITS:

(Texas) LAKE NcDONALD = AUSTIN = LAKE AUSTIN

a LAKE COMI)IRY CHILE TTATMTar raa . -. np -ierT_ RINIT .

(M) AREA. IM IG-T. -

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Fm;mmi ie revrt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Qre t7 MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF C0?'PLEPIO!;. RTSTýVCIR C '1PACITY . rn3 INCIDENTS: Fai l e'a. 19,70 the barrier Landslide blocked river - so a 1.6m ditch was cut across eroded t- 90m. wide.

i MUMMY. rTA!M 0FD. LAIE VERA U. S. A. A'3'; A. (m) 15r: ß ICI(; - . . (r) M. R. C''.-ýST L°'TCT?. " Earthfill Puddle TYPE. GraribJ Roclzfill CO--,-",. Concrete Concrete Membrane. ______, s , " Other 2:asonry

. ýC«Zil nI?. n CI-, y Y7. R CF CC"°Lý"'IC". 1880 m3

I'.: CIO'ý?P :

Failed / /1905 - Fl failure 50ft high crib dam, built 1830 Overtopped.

I cou TRy. TAT' Ml 7A". LAUGP'ITTGJACK LAGOON. AUSTRALIA

!t IG''i (rn). LT^a. (n) C'?ýST LJ"TY H. . ill Enbanllcnent Puddle Roc? Concrete TYPE. G.:; 9- I"."-. 77: 3IkL. c°i11 CO'3. gonsip" Membrane. I et". 1.

-re-. CT-) nIP CT 'Y Y: 3AR CF CC"°Lr^IC". rn3 1956 2411 I_'CI-)`l. "_"F;: Overtopped Rockfill Built 1956 Successsfully overtopped by lm. Design outflow 30 cumecs. On Poers Rivulet Cap 24M cubic metres. Spillway cap. 131 cumecs.

i i 1

Thomas- ring for_Laz-ge-DWis. ------Engin ------"-- NAI,M OF DA!!. LAY COUI;ýl'TlY. U. S. A.

FLIcrT. (m). 32m

(m) M. R. CREST LMNGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MTAT_ LRIA_Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Nasonry

YTBAR OF COHPLEPIO!"T. R' ST? VOIri CAPACI^_Y 1914 154.214 m3

Failed 1936 Built 1914 1 32m high conc gravity + earthfillon Coosa River Overtopped Cap 154.211 cubic metres Hydro + recreation. Wetumpka, 3786 people 36 mis away, high hazard.

9 i L__ IU. S. B. R. safety Program_-- JGruver ICOLD L969 NAME OF DAM. LEBANON. COU TR!. U. S. A.

HEITIT. (m). 9.14m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. O"eV1iy MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete p+. =s Cana 2e Membrane. D"or L

YBAR OF COP.IPLL IO?d. R1SrRVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 10/7/1882 9-44m (30ft)high earthfill paved with masonry Resv area 40 acres 5 bridges washed out and houses worth 50,000 dollars. Overtopped

Catalog Journal of Electricity E. N. vol 9 Classified review of Dam Failures. E. N. vol 47 p. 506. 4w

NAI. OF D'°". LIE' MARSACHUSFTTS. COUWJM(Y. U., -,. k.

(m). 7.6m AREA. iLIG"? T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 144m. M. R.

Earthfill Embankment ..*ti.. =. TYPE. (3Taa+i-bry MAT_RIAL. "* k 11 CORE. Concrete t i+eeG Cýrreý`e'b'e 2e. Ci r r'" 3'

YTJAR OF COMPLETIO*I. TESEIVOITTZ -CAPACITY 1965 m3 ITTCID? TPTS: 12M gallons

Failed March 1968 (144.78m Earthfill built 1965 to ht of 26ft(7.62m) and 475ft ) long 2 killed ad 1Ohi dollars worth of damage. Poured 12M gallons into small towns south of Pittsfield. Measured 185ft(56.39m) from toe to toe and had an impervious core. It had an emergency rip-rap spillway.

Heavy rains + melting snow caused flood. Built by real estates developers. ! Photographs show u shaped breach. Central section which contained a 48" dia. culvert pipe breached. Owners had a licenced engineer to design, supervise construction. as by law. Inspected less than a year before and reported to be in e excellent condition.

L---- 1E. N. R. 4/4/1968 p96,32 (pictures) E. N. R. 28/3/1968 p. 17 Couwri2Y NAIM OF DA",!. LEROUX CREEK. . U. S. A.

(n). A. I IcrT. 8m. ,

CREST LENGTH. (m). TI. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other B?asonry

Y13AR OF C0?IPLEPIO! T. RrS"1VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 7/1905 Colorado Two dams. Ht 25ft(7.62m) Insufficient spillway cap.

ý____ _ Catalog Justin E. R. 22/7/1905 vol 54

0 COiII' YS !TMTE of DAM. LEWISCREEK. . A. U. S. A. IiIG"T. (m). ARIA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I.T. R.

Embank. ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATJRIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF C0?ýPLME IO! T. RTSý'? VOIR '. AP!1CITY m3 INCIDENTS : Failed 30/9/1896 Staunton. Virginia at fair grounds Overtopped 5 lives lost

LEWIS CREEK STAUNTON ? 1 =

Catalog Classified Review E. R. vol 34 P"342

9 ! IA? ' 01,1 LIDDI DAL' ; COtI:;TRY. U. S. A.

IC''P. (rº). 5.79m. A`f0..

C':??ST LTV( H. (m). 335.28m. Iý. R.

Enb=Icient Eart hfi ll TYPE. 8rerv-i6y b'.A^'ýRI L. : ý1 Con

&Hier I%-ancmy

YDAR OF CO!'PLETIQI. R^S-'iVCIR C--"FACI^Y 1907 n3 I"CI71"! 1TS: Failed 19/8/1909. Colorado, S. F. Platte River, 19ft(5.79m) high, 1100ft(335.28m) long earthfill no core u/s rip-rapped with large stone, 40ft long spillway at one end. Outlet conduit at centre of dam but valve had broken. ?Ieavy flood caused overtopping 30m washed out

1st failure 19/8/1909. 2nd failure 11/7/1914. tK '2 mis above Lake Chceseman. Completed 1907

110

Catalog 1893 ASCE Proc. -vol 49 'p. E-11- 7/11/1914. Justin. Earth Dam Projects. MATT o? ) LIMA C()T-M''iy. U. S. A.

! IG'T. (ri). 12m. A`??A.

C'., nT 33.5m. I,ý. R.

Er:ibankcent Earthfill TYP MA" 2IAL. °_ _, -> Concrete B i44 ro nc Sell, -e.-ýre ýe. (maker -00 8R

YJ«R OF CO''PL2 IC7. Tr-'s-7IVCI? C"FACT 'Y 1902 El3 I"CID7: "^S: Failure /5/1894 Spillway washed out only. Lower end of spillway had a fall of 30-40 ft an? the flood cut a huge channel back- from the fall into the reservoir. Reservoir said to have been 15mis long and 1 mile wide. E'aarth with masonry core, A0ft(12.19m) hit-hq 110ft(33.53m) long.

On Red Rock River, 12 mis from Lima, with 351 people.

Gruner E. N. 14/jene/1894 vol 31, n21, p. 485 F. N. vol 47 Classifies Review. LOCH ALPINE CCr 71 Ti7. U. S. A NA; 0? 71'.

(n) -cl " 7.6m.

C7n Earthfill Pi: 331e Emb CC?ý. Concrete ý. oemelp"a

Y: 7.'. R CF CC"? 1.7IC". m3 1926

Failed 1926 Earthfill wi3rh u/s paved with stone to a ht of 25ft(7.62m) Michigan. Settled on saturation. Overtopped when sudden thawing of ice & snow caused high inflow - spillway capacity too small. Built 1926 i

i 1

IE. ". R. vol 96 p. 942 NAT-TEOF DA". LOG FALLS. COUflTRY. CADTADA. ___._ IM,IG-T. (m). llm. AflA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I7. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill pult" G- i% MMATZRIAL. R49±1 TYPE. r COM . Byre--s 0#. u-aa- r 1DonTy

YBAR OF CO!IPLMIOTd. R' S"'IVOIR CAPACITY 1921. m3 INCID rrs:. Failed 1923 llm high earthfill with timber core built 1921.

{

9 NAIlD OF DAT. LONG VALLEY CREFI{. COUiyrnY. U. SGA.

ImiG-'T. (m). AR?,q.

CREST LENGTH. (m).

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MIAT"SßIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

XDAR OF CO?IPLETIO! I. S:,:'IVCIß C_1PACI':'Y

m3 INCID7rrl s: Failed 1892 California, Honey Valley Land & Water Company = Owners Heavy rains carried dam away.

Catalog E. N. vo128 p. 529

a T_'i7 SAOKOUT SHOALS. CCM U. S 14.41J 07,4'i-) .i" I CIC'^ (cn) 25m. _ . " " r'1 1";.R. Ji1 " ./J. 832m. "-ý Earthfill pu. ile En.b' en.+ ý =_ e?.sý-1 CC '' Concrete Cma Y ... . Typt'=" .: ,..: _ Z.enbrize. r

TR OF cc'"-t7^IC". 0 m3 1915 49.32M I"C I, )7".""° Failed 1916 America, Catawabe River, F2 failure. 83ft(25m) high 832m long earthfill, built 1915 Cap 49.32?,! cubic metres. Gravity spillway lowered 18m after flood washed out dam i' Spillway cap 5316.5 cumecs. Nearest town Catawabe gmis away, 565 people.

U. S. R. R. safety program. ASCF,' Lessons from Dam Incidents. NATTEOF 7A?T. LOLARTAYUR. COU'TRT. INDIA. (m) AREA. FEIG"'P . . 5m.

CHEST LENNGTH.(m). M. R.

E"efrth__ :1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. R fi1 CORE. Concrete BuAA. $s Concrete Membrane. o44 - rin

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RMS':,;'IVOIf CAPACITY

1949 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 1949 Built 1949 l6ft high(4.8m) gravity dam - overtopped

A. S. (',. E. Lessons from Dam Disasters.

0 COLIFPYRY. NAIL OP -)k". LOWER CANADA POND. U. S. A.

F_IG"T. (m). 5m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). N. R.

Emban ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Grheroib MATERIAL. R6v"_':TTT1 CORE. Concrete O,aft be Membrane. 0#-her M&me"

YBAR OF COPIPLEIOTd. RRSMVOIR CAPACITY

1816 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 1901. America, built 1816 to a ht. of 5.1m earthfill - overtopped

see RANDELL'S POND or WEST RIVER

0 I

Gruner ICOLD 1969

9 OF COU}TTItY. NAZI MA" LOWER HELL HOLE. U. S. A.

I IG--T. (m). ARJA.

(m). CREST LENGTH. 117m. I,2 .R.

Embarkment E Puddle TYPE. G MATERIAL. Rocltfill CORE. Concrete B?rb t e O, - rite Membrane. O er- Mao"

YBAR OF CO! I ON IPL"E . R'A'S"-'IVOIR CAPACITY 1966 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1964 Built 1966 i. e. u/c on Rubicon River Rockfill for supply & debris control 390ft long, cap 208,400 acre-ft Auburn 50 mle away 6775 people.

8 Cou"T C" NAIL OF DAM. LOITER MONUMENTAL U. S. A.

(m) Som. AREA. 1fl IG--T' . M. R. CREST LENGTH. M).

Embanlanent E arthfill Puddle U. TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. R . CORE. Concrete s Concrete Menbrane. O4biterr

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RT3SERVOIR CAPACITY 1969 46411 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1965 On Snake River, near Pasco, Washington. Gravity + earthfill Darthfill cofferdam overtopped by floods - 50,000 dollars of damage. Snake River record flow of 240,000 cusecs. Cap 464 td cubic metres. .i c Failure of sheet pile cofferdam also occurred on 7/1/1965, & 29/4/1965 Kydro dam. Vasco 42miles d/s 15,000 people. NAI.i OF JA°T. LO' ß"ßROTAY COiI71,T-"IY. U. S. A.

IMIG"T. (m). 41m. AREA.

(m) 172m. I2. R. CREST LENGTH. .

ih Lf r1 Embankment Mio el-,M"- rf TýIUÄL. Rock fill TYPE. . coR?. Concrete ZwAA-amw Ie

YThtR OF CO?!'PLETIO°?. R7S--3V0Iß OiPACITY 1897 m3 IhcID: TITS: ('alifornia, San Diego, water supply. Failed 27/1/1916 built 1897 Rockfill with concrete core. Ht 135.5ft(41.3m) l. rcth 565't(172.2m) top width 12ft. Slopes avera, ^ed 1-: 1, design 2: 1. Steel core enclosed in concrete. Masonry base 31ft(9.45m) below (19.8m). 1; stream bed, max thickness 65ft washed out in min. Killed 30 people. Owners originally contemplated building the dam of masonry and a heavy masonry out off was ut down 38ft below the stream bed and extended 12ft above. An angle iron was here anchored to the rubble masonryby 1" bolts. The vertical leg of t" e angle wn.s punched with dia. 5/8" holes at 3" centres. The steel nlaths formeda vertical phi"a ;m were then riveted to the angle. The lover courses of the plates were Above 0.27" 5ft w±de, 17.5ft long & 0.33" thick. 28ft high plates were thick, and above 50ft were 8ft wide and 20ft long. Top of steel core was 132 ft above zero counter Diaphra m was coated on the water side with asphalt and burlap, and the whole was then the enclosed in a concrete wall 2ft thick with the diaphragm at centre 6" the although it is nos. sible it varied either way The forms of core wall were left in place. the Constr Fill dumped from a cableway, an effort being ýiade to -et /s this finer rockfill on the u, side of the wall. It will be noted in ! Is from con-truction the stability depends entirely on the section the the core wall, which must not only sustain the horz. thrust of for water against the core wall but must also act as a retaining wall material u, /s from the core. 14: 1 was not sufficient for stability when one considers that the voids mus:. have been between 25-40', -- Concrete spillway- lift below crest e, 4-Oft wide. jUniform dun. slope of0. a0365 and cap of 4700 sec ft. Watershed above Catalog E. N. R. voll 100 p. 472 223/1928 Notable ý'aj]ures E. N. vol 75 P-334-336 17%2/1916 Justin Earth Dam Projects. 75 3/2/1916 & E. I1.11/5/1916 1909" E . N. vol LOTET 0"'AY

98.3 square miles, including that of Upper otay dam which was over flowing at the time. Description of Failure Redords flood i I00sr show rchar s of e. -f t/nl`. Oi ^ch^rge into tijo failure reservoir at of was 23,50') ryec - ft. At 5pm toter ent top te: fill(ctone), over rin come twenty rains. lrter the core wall burst ^nd entire storage 'burst otvt. C'utlet tunnel 48' _ was above zero contour and was provided with a 43' blowoff gate valve. This and the spillway were only outlets.

The voids in the loose roc'_: fill on the d/s filled with water which, against the resi^t. ^nce of the tortuois channels through the voids, forced its the downstream way out of mass . earth dike on to-? of dam to a height of 5' ebove steel and concrete core - overtonned by 4-6" of water and then carried out near centre and clown to top of steel dianhranmm. The flow rapidly widened end forged quickly the already partly catura. ' ed roc'hfull and with sufficient force to disnlace large rock fron d/s face.

In it matter of moments d/s rockfill removed. Diaphragm ruptured 'Jall of water 10rimiles in 48viin. I. ";. 12.5mph.

1897 Completed August - Head of rocky gorge 2mls in length. Bedrock = chattered and scary porphyry formation. ?'o attempt to prostest d/s fill. Boom of logs used to damn waves. Depth of 8' cap 2,400 sec - ft. Catche rent 139m12. Rainfall 5- " in 5 days, then 25,26727,3-54"-

The man in charge of the dam watched water level for 12 clays and only on 27th did he deem to open gate, continued to rice therefore warned people by men and by telephone enohage. Tlater overtopped at 41.50pm. At 5.05 lower fill removed and diaphr-gm tore and opened like gate. 2-1- hours to empty. Y NAITE OF iAM-i. LOZTh R7,3IRVOIR COüi U. i. A

AREA. m Ic-? T. (m), 8m.

M. R. CREST LENGTH. (m). 52.5m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE Cry MATERIAL. ??e'k"? `A COflE. Concrete . Membrane. Ulký t'Y

COMPLETION- POSERVOIR YBAR OF -CAPACITY 1887. m3 INCID= S: Failed 1944 Belfast 1 Maine Heavy rainfall. 16.4 square mile catchment. 1Tater rose at lft/hr until a wall of water 80ft long and 6.5ft high was going over dam. On little River - two dams -a concrete dam built 1915 and Lower Reservo. ( which failed built in 1887. Lower Reservoir 15ft wide at base, and 5ft at top. 125ft(8m) high, spillway 70ft long. length 175ft(52,5m) dam large iTotol - masonry with granite blocks ?,test abutment not keyed into construction - bad construction. To provide a slight slope blocks were laid with a slope front to back so that water would have a tendancy to lift and not to push down as they should have in a gravity section.

ý60ft of spillway washed out to a depth of 10ft.

later & water Engineering p. 376t vol 479 1944 Failure Lower Dam of Reservoir 9 Belfast, Maine, by J. Elliot Hale Journal the New England Waterworks Association 69-73 of 9 March 1944, p: NM. OF 7A?°_. LOWER SITILTON COM"'nny. U. S; A.

FL,IG--T. (m). 7,5m ARIA.

(m) 33m. M. R. CR2ST LENGTH. .

Fr4e cent Puddle TYPE. Gravity r1AT_ CORE. Cenere#e 1 oerre re-b'e I. em4owlefte. per Masonry

Y!IAR OF COI.IPLE IO"I. R'ST3VOIß CAPACITY 1881 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 22/2/1903 Curtis Brook, Fhelton, Conneticut. Stone masonry dam, 25ft(7.5m) high, 110ft(33m) long, distribution resv. Built 1881 50,000 dollars worth of ?property damage.

dam, Failed due to failure of Upper Shelton , an earth some sheet piling + puddle clay core. Completed 18P1 by Skelton Water Co., 50 1,7 gallons - burrowin muskrats. I

Catalog 'Totes °'eb 26th 1903 vol 49 n9p. 185 jr. R. vol. 47 p. 224 NAIL OF JA*?. LOITER TALLASSEE COLItnIIRY U. S. A.

(m) A'ITI A. I1BIG"T . . 9.14m. (rn) M. R. CREST LENGTH. . 396,24m

32ak"ýertýr t? lf t Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete BtrlrbreQ: - e& Membrane. O Masonry

YBAR OF CO?NIPL: PIO! T. R^S]WOIR CAPACITY 1901 m3 I? 'CID 1TS: Failed 28/12/1901 Tallassee River, Alabama. l1asonry dam 30fT(9.14m) lgth 1300ft(396.24m) with curved u/s 23ft(7m) thick at base, 6ft(1.83m) at top Completed 1901 by Alabama Power Co. Tangent sections washed out when overtopped by 7 ft(2.13m) of water on 28th Dec.

i Gruner , ICOLD 1969 IE.E. N. 9/1/1902 vol 47 p. 130 N. R. 22/3/1928, vol 100 p. 473 - Notable Failures of the Past. CCt_TT INDIA.. NAT C? 7z'. RTACHERLA "

(ct) A'i': ý. .

ý. T^. ^T Earthfill Pu3? le Enbanc "ent L. Reeieýsý-1 CC?:ý. Concrete C. l- , ""^-"ýT; TYPE aav4= Menbr=ze. 3-at ýreqs gb"raý"ýt

Y11R CFcc 71r^ ICT. m3

Fai1(? d 30/9/1964 Near hydrabad, Andra Pradesh. Earthfillj, overtopped during storm 1000 deaths More than 1000 drowned near Macherla, S. E. of Hydrabad after 181, J of rain fell in 3 days. The town of population 25,000 is said to s" have been completely destroyed and under 10 ft of water. The Chand- ravanka River burst its banks from the water of the burst reservoir.

i 1

ITimes 10/1/1964 B . N. 10/1/1964 NAME OF DAM. COUNTRY. MACHHU 1& 11 INDIA. 31m HEIGHT. (m)" AREA. 111== 16m GUJARAT STATE 1= 3m )" CREST LENGTH. (m 11= 404033m M. R. E5nbankm ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane Other Masonry

YEAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY.

1= 72.75M m3 INCIDENTS: 1ý _

Incident 12th August 1979. Built 1972. Gujarat State Western India. Cascade Failure of Machhu II after extreme rainfall. No. II 16m high 4033m long. high long 72.791 Machhu I survived but overtopped, 31m 942m , cap m3 3 out of 18 radial gates on Mschhu II failed to operate. Up to 10000 lives lost. More than 500 mm of rain in 24 hours- almost entire annual rainfall (200-400 in 2-3 days, with 250mm in 12 hours) Friday 10/8/1979 at 9pm Machhu I overtopped. Radioed to Machhu II to open all gates from 150mm to 1.8m - three remained only part open. Coils in the electric motors reportedly failed, and gates couldn't be opened manually. 51m high with sarthfill Machhu II , central masonry spillway section, flanks 2345m long on LHS & 1398m long on RHS. 206m long spillway- had 92m long non-overflow section and 18 Tainter gates 9.1m wide & 6.1m high. but filling Full resv. level 57.3m with a normal flood level of 57.6m in halted at 56.7m in late Junr because engineers cautious early monsoon season. 6t00 Max Inflow 14000 cumecs, over twice the design of cumecs. 5500 outflow registered at 10600 cumecs compared with design cumecs. i. e. 1.9 times. Warnings ignored because of false warnings in the past. Overtopped by 500mm - removed 760m on one side of spillway and 370m on right. 3m high flood wave resulted.

Ihm' 8. 'Three gates failed - India's Death N 23/8/1979. p. Dä ly Miiror, DailyTelegraph 13/8/1979. Thousands Die in Indiad Dam Breach NCE 16/8/1979, p. 4. COLIfIýl'ý? NIAJ,IE OF DAY. MADDUCKMASUR Y . INDIA.

/,.. 1 32.92m. crr.n. ülll rrv-*m1. ý III 1" MICA.

(m) M. R. CREST LEi GTH. .

Embanient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity rMATJRIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF C0?MIPLBTI0? T. WEMMCIR CAPACITY 1844 m3 I NCIDNTS: Failed Built 1844 to 108ft(32.92m) Lack of spillway, overtopped & breached yet dam 1000's of years old and still in use. Cap. 870,000 acre ft. u/s 3: 1t d/s 22: 1.

0 0

i Schuler Sherard Thesis.

9 201112121- NATO` OF JA! . MAMMOTH U. S. A. (m) 21"34m" AREA. HEIG''T. .

C? ST LENGTH. (m). 1Z.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill TYPE. Ciaauit; MATERIAL. aq @;6! pi! Iý CORE. Concrete ipmt-tm-m Cie Mme. Other Y

YIA. R OF COTIPLETIO!T. TESTMIR CAPACITY

1912 13.6M m3 IPICI=Ss

Failed 24/6/1917. Utah - Price River Rolled earth + hydraulic earth fill, cons core wall with buttress. 6 Constr 1912 ' took years to finish Ht 70fT(21.34m) F1 failure Water washed around temporary wooden flume used as a spillway - over topped during construction. r billion cubic feet of water released, cutting dam to foundation land causing grea. t, damage to structures below

Gx mer E. R. vol 66 E. N. vol 73 1914 E. N. R. vol 79t 12/7/1917 9 no 2tp. 52 Merriman 5th edition, p. 1543 r1AI-LEOP JA15. T-7AATCIt3TRR COIfl7'PY. U. S. A.

1TEIG"T (m) 9m. AREA. . . (") Ii. R. CREST LENGTH. . 52.5m.

Fml1a a "k Puddle TYPE. Gravity MTATlRIAL_ " ä_±t CORE. Concrete D__1J'rc i -On ebb . Membrane. a ý'_asonry

Y13AR OF CO?IPLETION, . R"S VCIß CAPACITY m3 IINCID77TTS: Failed 1902 Masonry gravity . Conneticut xt 30ft(9m) crest 175ft(52.5M) & foundation. Sliding overtopping , muskrats burrowing under

L . __ Catalog E. R. vol 49 p. 580 NAu-1OF DAT. 14ANFREno. COt fTRY. ITALY HEIG--T. (n). ARA.

CI ST LENGTH. (m).

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. (r 'C9 MAT"MIAL. ??-=ks±-1 CORD. Concrete 0-TT -te Membrane. oer r,*y

YBAR OF CO!'PLETIO'_r. RrSTIVOII CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1972 Italy EArthfill 4 deaths.

Groner NAM OF DAM. MMMAQUOICTA COi1ITTRY. U. S. A.

"T (m) 6.1m. AREA. TlfT(: - . (m) I;. R. CREST LENGTH. . 137.16m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C, y MATERIAL. =:_ *'kfmot CORE. Concrete Ica delrerrhe Membrane. Ofllar T*Ieenry

Y13AROF COMPLETION. L1S? 'IRVOIR CAPACI^Y 1924 m3

INC I=S : Failed 1/6/1927 On Maquoketa River (south Fork)near Maquoketa Iowa. 100ft of earth embankment washed out. Built January 1924 Hollow reinforced Cone spillway section with earthfill either side. 20ft(6.1m) high, 450ft(137.16ro) long B-C. Heavy rains saturated bank, overtopping ftllowed settlement. rlill dam. 1206 acre ft. Maquoketa 1 mile d/s 56,777 people. c . catalog says piping)

Catalog U. S. B. R. Safety Pro ram. E. N. R. vol. 98 16/6/1927 p. 1000 MÄ9EB (TJI RIB) COLIIITRY. 'DT. NAj"'L OF DAP'. -T (m) AREA. HEIL-'T. " lom. (m). M. R. CREST LENGTH. 579m" f -LI atL Ems...: Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete ik4derefle Gala ate 2denbrane. olrffr Masonry

YIIIARof COMPLETIO!1. R-TS73,71VOITCAPACITY 750 i'. c. m3 INCIDM S: Failed. 200 miles North of Aden. fit 33ft(10.6m) 1900ft(579m) long. On Denne River First failure 450 A. '). Complete destruction 570 A. '). from Tlarib, built 750 R. C. On 'tali "add , 40 mis Great stone walls of dam formed by perfectly fitting stones held by leant rods. 10cm high P. 10 so cm in section. These little rods off'--lead 4-5 deen, were placed in holes s-ecifica11. y made for ti'? em about ems and the next block above vacs so placed t', at the corresponding cavity was filled. *.Tith the top half of the rod. T?o mortar except as a covering on the top for rain protection. ? arth crib with stone outlet works on e-ých side. Irrigation d-m. Also called SUDD AL ARM pillway 140ft lone Heightened in 500B. C. to 7m high Triangular cross section. Freeboard lm. freeboard "nd heightening to 14m , 3m Built by King Lofman the flabian ! 9 Ruins still there.

PASCE Nov 1953 ¶ 1969 369 T,irT^'I ý° 'T.r.kter engineering opt p. Jlater Power Anril 1967 `)mith - Histor7r, of history 1)am 7, TT^.tor Power April 1967 Schittner -A sirt of ngineerin[; - n. 1A2 T'n,, TDn.ms- there effect on sore (_ncient civilisations. Civil. Zine ring P. 5 Jan. -195A MAT o^ ]A'. PTARPI! T DAVEY U. S. A. AT .

c, ý$T LE'rGTH. («i T.1.11.

Enbýn1c ent Earthfill Puddle M: r. r" CO? 3. TYPE. 8re Concrete Yenbrane. Gi-he r

Y71,'.R OF . _CC'"DL--"TC' m3 I': CIýý:? PL'ý Failed /11/1910 Texas, rolled earth, overtopped, gap 250ft wide

. -_-_. __-_____. __-_-_----- NAM OF DA-". COÜI;TnY. MAYFIELD. U. S. A.

75m LREA. ß (M) M. CREST LENGTH -

Ems:. FO.Fthf l o+ - Puddle TYPE. G, v3* MAT:TRIAL. R.e. f ?1 CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. Other ttiTSUI1Ty

YI1AR OF COMPLT, I ON. R'Sll; 'IVCIR CAPACITY 1963 m3 IPTCIDMITS : Failed 1960 250ft(75m) high arch gravity on Cowlitz River, Washington. Failed under construc: rion, finished 1963 Hydro + recreation, ca=p 166,600 acre ft. Toledo 17 d/s mis ' high hazard, 642 people. '

U. S. B. R. Safety Program. ASCE Lessons from Dam Incidents.

0 NAI'L' OF J Y. McCLOtm COiIrIRY. U. S. A.

HEIG-7 (M). 70m. AREA. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 201m. I4. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G wiy h!ATERI L. Rockfill CORE. Concrete a Ek?rýr? 'r'Fr Membrane. r0 *e-r T:aýeeasý'

YBAR OF COI.IPLý, 'IO*T. R73S-JßVOIß CAPACITY 1965 43,540,000 m3 fl CIDNTS: Failed /12/1964 McCloud River, Redding Calif Built 1965 earthfill + rockfill Ht 70m, lgth 201m. H. E. P. Rev cap 43,540,000 cubic metres.

Gated spillwa--. Overtopped during construction. ICofferd. am designed to pass 364 cumecs. Heavy rain caused 420 cumecs causing cofferdam to be overtopped and 68,850 cubic metres of fill to be washed out.

Lessons from Dam Incidents. NAY.T OP JAtt. McMahon Gulch CPUI;TRY. U. S. A:

NrT T'T. (m). 17m. AREA.

137m. CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 8"ra7ttT MATERIAL. =1 ___ CORE. Concrete a Membrane. O4 &r

YBAR OF CO! IPLE ON I . Rrs rVOIn CAPACITY 1924 31,300 m3 IPICIDN]TS:

Failed 1926 Built 1924,55ft high, 137m long , cap 31,000 cubic metres, on McMahon Creek. Fl failure Earthfill insufficient Settled in 1926 1 overtopped due to this settlement and spillway capacity. Breach 60ft(18m) wide at top and 4ft(l. 3m) at bottom.

i i I

L .- jA. S. C. E. Lessons from Dam Incidents. NAME OF D'V% MEADOWLAIE COMTTRY. U. S. A. __ AREA. HEIG'? T_(m) . lOm. (m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 9 %*4y MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete -- fz! e 9e: rý-rz-te Membrane. 8tixer 'y"

YDA,R OF COMPLETION. R, 'S'--]3VOIR CAPACITY 1913. M3 INCIDMS: Failed. 20/11/1962 30ft(10m) high earthfill built 1913 after completely removing a dam built in 1893. Earthfill/rockfill Overtopped. Nestucca River, Oregan, trib to Pacific Ocean near Pacific City. Reinforced with logs. Surface Area 85 acrest 500-6- acre ft at time of failure. Rain caused complete washout. 'Destroyed highway bridges and roads. t. Sudden & spectaculr. r wall of jater. MELVILLE COtvTRn. U. S. A. NAITE OF DA's!. MILLVILLE AREA. HEIGn'T. (m). llm. 488m" R. CREST LENGTH. (m). M.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Qrca 9 MATERIAL.. `"'?"1 CORE. Concrete Qe, oroüe Membrane. Ot'1M?P-- LJ

Y13AR OF COMPLETION. RESETWVOIRCAPACITY 1907 m3 INCID NTS: Failed 15/6/1909 Diverting clam of the Melville Irrigation Co. in Millard County, Utah. Cap 30,000 acre ft. Overtopped. the clam of the Desert Irrigation Co 4 miles below. cutting out part of this dam an well CASCADE, FAILURE. Dam 1600ft(487.68m )long, 36ft(10.9m) high u/s 3: 19 d/s 1?: 1. After failure the d/s'increased in section and u/s flattened to 4: 1. Site investigation after failure showed that quicksand and slushy m material underlay a portion of the site at river bed. Also sheet to be 16ft long in an average of 9ft in piling s .pposed was reality length* efore failure there was more or less ssepage, sometimes hi-: hly coloured with earth, at the d/s toe in the old river channel, highly and it is very probable that the d/s toe at this point was satur ated. Built 1907 Cascade to Desert. Dam. Faulty foundation.

Catalog. Gruner Justin Earth Dam Projects. ':. R. vol 60 p. 324. NAJrr: OF DAT.". TT_ELZINGAH1&2 CO +TfY" U. S. A.

m IG"T. (m). 9e, 7m ASIA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 76 & 67m T. R.

Embankment Earthfi 11 TYPE. C T±1y MATERIAL. a= = 11 CORE. Concrete

Otýwr Peempy

YBAR OF CO??PL1 TIO? T. R' C-VCIß CAPACITY

m3 TT?C TT-, NT S! failed 14/7/1897 Fach reservoir had a capacity of 6M gallons and was earth with a masonry core wall. Upper dam 30ft 9.14m) high and 250ft(76.2m) long failed first. Lower dam 2.4ft 7.32m) 220ft(67.06m) 7 killed 9 damage 30,000 dollars. Freshet was cause that flowed over crest of both dans. Upper renorte! by"Fngineering" to have a capacity of 87 gallons, while lower could impound 641T gallons. Upper dam 340ft both x 28ft , lower dam g00ft x 341ft, with a masonry heart wall aft thick at base tapering to 18" at top and carried to within 1 ft of top. U/s slope covered with pitching. Upper dam spillway 47ft long, crest ltft below top Lower dam to 75ft " 18" 11 of

i. e. very little freeboard.. Also settlement had occured which reduced this mar-in of safetyv even further,

day On of accident water level wn.s 7.7ft below crest on upper dam -a apparently there was a fall of great intensity LOCALLY which rapidly filled the reservoir and causei overtop' ing. TtOWWrfar will engineers be justified in providing for excesrive local falls such as this ? The danger is evidently greater in the case of small imnou ding re^ervoirs drawing their summly from a gathering nround of limited extent. when the gathering ground is extensive a heavy local fall is averaged and the danEer disappears.

372 i'IS? -?FLILL

1-e. Justin". USBR -)h.fety Program. ý. ß vol 36 'ý. R. 17th July 1ß17 T'ngineerin ' Aug 13th 18 )7 Le Genie Civil No 21 18 Sent 1897 'RT. vol 47 June 19th 1902 !U MPHIS EGYPT NAIM OF DA.". cotmTRY .

AREA. -I(M) _Ic . (rt) P. R. CIlST LENGTH. .

Emba kment Earthfill Puddle Roc?. fill TYPE. Gravity rMAT.ERIAL. CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YRAR OF COP'PLFTI07. RT5-71VOIß CAPACITY 3100 B. C. M3 INCIDENTS: FAiled 4000B. C. On Nile South River 9 19km of Memphis This is probably Kosheish, 12 mis S of Memphis on Nile likely Built by Dienes about 3100 B. C. - ruins still exist - to be, a levee rather than a dam.

Catalog Gruner Smith - Histtry of Dams. NA1.t OF DAP". IYTEMORIALLAKE. COMMY. U. S. A.

NEIG"T. (m). 12m AREA. OHIO

CRPST LENGTH. (m). IM.R.

Embankment E arthfill Puddle TYPE. C, ±y MATERIAL. Rockfill COR2-. Concrete Bt -t. e GenzreIbe Membrane. 04L" MY

Y1AR OF COTIPLETIO?d. 1=771VOIRt 0^APACI^Y

m3 INCID NTS: Failed 1969 12m high earthfill + rockfill. 40 killed

0 j Gruner JICOLD 1969 U. S. A. NPGT, OF AV. Za TRILL COt TRY.

(m) k A. mrm-r . .

CRi ST LENGTH. (m). 1i. R.

Bffl:6-tle ezrb *ý*I1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT"IRIAL. ^__ -i CORE. Concrete Nkt++Tnlt Concrete Membrane. 046ker

OF CONPL: O?J R-,S-'VOIR CAPACITY YZJAR T I . m3 IITCID TS: Failed 24/7/1912 Wisconsin, Prarie River near Merrill Concrete with earth wings ; belonging to Grandfather Paper Mills Co. Overtopped - water A5ft above normal, earth wings gave way.

see WAUSAU.

Catalog E. N. 8/8/1912 vol 68 p. 233 E. N. 29/8/1912 vol 68 p. 415. NAIT OF MIDDLE COUISTRY. U. S. A.

(r. 9.6tp AR73A. FLIG"T . i). (m) CRI T LENGTH. . Ii. R.

Eft H^'ß-1'1 Puddle TYPE. Cy hTATMIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete 4 -L1/'eA :; --e emir e Membrane. n+IJOr r

YTJAR OF COMPLEflION. TrS7TIVCIR CAPACITY

1894 m3 IITCIB TT5: Failed 1909 Built 1894 to a ht of 9.6m timber crib, filled with rock. 1: u/s faced with plank . slope 1. Overtopped (probably caused failure of Trout Lake due to cascade faiikure)

Catalog t Gruner 15th Bienniel Report State Eng. Of Colorado. C0ýmITRY" U. S. A. NAI,Tr, OF DA's. MIDDLFFIELD

6m. AREA. HEIG7T_(m). M.R. CREST LENGTH-(m)-152m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. tY HATERIAL. °l CORE. -Gerterebbe -Gzau! Membr --- Dutt re 3 (J- re-be 4tu" Uas'°ay

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESMVOIR CAPACITY m3 1874. INCIDENTS : Failed 21/4/1904 Earth faced with rubble walls and with two lines of sheet piling driven 4.5m apart with the space between them filled with puddle. 500ft(153.4m) long, 20ft(6.1m) high, 50ft(15.24m) thick at base, 30ft(9.14m) at top. Overtopped. 4 bridges washed out Built 1874 ,.1 5ft freeboard. ' c" Spillway gates could not be oppened due to faulty construction. ?Iater rose until it poured over top.

Catalog us-tin runer - . N. vol 45 P"313. D, IT. vol 47 P"506 Classified review of Ram Fc Resv Failures E. R. 4/6/1901 vol 43t P"425 Canadian Architect Jurte 1901. p. 128 MIDDLESEX PLANT 2. COUfTTTY. U. S. A. NßJ OF JA*t . (m) 14m. ARS4. I IG-'T. .

CM, ST LE! GTH. (m).

F.Mbf t Emil }'1 Puddle TYPE. Cs 4 MATERIAL. F.Ask11 CORE. Concrete B.... ai&as '%'e Membrane. C#4ktr'

YI3AR OF COl'PLEPIO-T. 1=, ý'3VOI?t CAPACITY 1896 rn3 INCIICNTS: Failed 1927 Built 1896 to a ht of 14m timber Failed due to heavy rain - overtopped

Gruner ICOLD 1969 NAITE OF DA°r. MIDDLETOWN Col"I'RRY. U. S. A.

FIEIG"'T. (m). 10.67m. A' EA.

CREST LnNGTH. (m). 45m. M. R.

£, rr1 rt Earthfill Puddle TYPE. j MAP RI4L. Roc! Cfill CORE. Concrete $eneq e Membrane. Other i-'eeeýrry

YIIAR OF CO?-?PLC I0? 1. RTSl'MVOI? t C:1PACI': 'Y 1850 m3 INC ID-7TITS: Failed April 1961. Greater than 100 years old, 35ft(lO. 67m) high with 1 mile long lake behind A 3ft high (0.9m) wall of water damaged 11 homesq injured 3 people 45.72m long Overflow culvert only 02 9m wide and 0.61m deep for a catchment of 1 square mile = 1.29 km Built 1860 (Groner says 4.5m high earth + stone crib seepage)

Catalog E. T.T. R. 4/5/1961. vol 166 p. 24 NAME OF DA!fl. MILL RIVER COM . U. S. A.

(m) 13m. AREA. HEIG7T . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 183m. IZ. R.

Embanlment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 40" MATERIAL. *CORE. Concrete " G40e1pp6" Membrane. O-b4ter Ynnnnry

YDA,R OF COMPLETION. RR'SE'IV01R CAPACITY 1885 m3

INCID'S : Failed 16/5/1874, 43ft(13. llm) earthfill, 600ft(182.88m) long. 143 lives lost Damage more than 1 million dollars. Project cost 34,000 dollars. No enginners in design or construction. River Mill, Williamsburgh Mass. l6ft wide on top, slopes on both sides 1.5: 1. Core wall 2 ft thick. at top, 5'9"" at base. Earthfill with masonry core. .ý Water found its r way under core wall causing settlement. !Built 1885

USBR Safety Program. J E. 26 1961. enard .I .'l. vol. y_._. Gruner _ says seepage. Trans A. S. C. E. 1874 vol 3, p. 118 19/6/1902 E . N. Journal of Electricity 15/3/1920 Trans ASCE 1875 p. 122 Trans ASCH: vol. 3 June 1874 p. 118-122 "I? T??n'AILITTG`' -)-MT. NAI'!E OF DA'. COU1TF1Y. .,. A. (M) lim. AR A" FLIG"T. . (m) Ii. R. CIV ST LL'NGTH. .

24Tbxn-?e-esst Earthfill Puddle TYPED. Caa"tp MATERIAL. Roo1tfiH. CORE. Concrete au" la0 6elrerebe Membrane. Other Melsenve,

YIIAR OF C0?'PLETI0'T. R7S-, '1VOIT CAPACITY

m3 INC ID ANTS: Failed 26/2/1972 Buffalo Creek, 'Test Virginia. TTot legally or technically a Ian. 6' Heap of coal mine tailings - killed washed away and created a, flash fla od. it '! aste material in hollow or vai. ley - it backed im water when rnine; 1 ý4ater put tended to seen through but eventually it becomrs less pervious. Pond covered 15-18 acres, and was 20-30 ft deep at the dam. Emergency spillway dug when water was lft from the top of the embankment. 45ft(13.72m) high, 300ft wide at base, 250ft wide at top ! 150M gallons of water released Itrwas also a natural depository for wash water - settling pond. ''ettling ponds don't usually have spillways, since seepage through but in-i earstices block because embankment is a filtering medium. Not so much failure to water volume but narrow valley, so floo-1 killed 16E 300 missing, 4000 homeless. GI RAL Owing to the improvement of mining techniques the greater use of low content ores and the expanding market for minerals and fuels, the construction of embankments composed of mining £: industrial tailings haj seen rapid development in number as well s size. e. g. the production of uSA tailings in he alone was over 2x 10 t in 1974 and is expected to r reach 3x 10 by1980. The delicate condition of most tailings dumps derives from a combination of placing the material as hydraulic fill and lack of design expertise. Often the barrages that hold back the lakes of i saturated loose tailings also impound natural water and some troubles have on inated in inadequate s'-illways which by modus operandi have to be adjusted, constantly as the mud level rises. Accident with a small experimental darn retaining kaolin waste in , Brittany in1974 in Texas in 1966 LLiauefaction failure in gypsum waste B3TTCOL1)News P; Views 1976 Report on !Question i- Problems Associated fill dam. A. D. I.IPenman. with special type ^ of .

T;. '.T. R. ( 9/3/1972 7: 7: R: 2/3/1972 p. 10. NAI-TE OF JAM* '°I'T '"AILTITUFT, -)ATT. COMTTRY. U. `'.! i.

imIG"-P. (m). 1Zm. ATt,'A.

CREST LiNGTH. (m). IM.R.

Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ci ai MATERIAL. -i CORE. Concrete eye ýerrerebe Membrane. Other

YDAR OF CO?'PL' TIO'I. RAT VOI?3 C_'1PACI^_Y m3 INCID., 11TS: Failed 26/2/1972 Buffalo Creek, 'Test Virginia. Trot legally or technically a dam. 6' flash floc Heap of coal mine t,. ilings - killed washed. a: ýay 2nd. created a od. it backed it Teste material put in hollow or val i ey - ivo water when rained 6ýa. ter tended to seed through but eventually it becomes less pervious. Pond covered 15-18 acres, and was 20-30 ft deep at the dam. Emergency spillway dug when water was lft from the ton of the embankment. 45ft(13.72m) hig, h, 300ft wide at base, 2.50ft wide at top 1150DIgallons of water released It, -'was also a natural depository for wash water - settling pond. °ettling ponds don't usually have spillways, since seepage through but inti eerstices block because embankment is a filtering medium. Not so much failure to water volume but narrow valley, so floo'l killed 166 300 missing, 4000 homeless. ,9T? TIAL Owing to the improvement of mining techniques the greater use the of low content ores and the expinding market for, minerals and fuels, has construction of embankments composed of mining & industrial tailings seen rapid develepment in number as well f. s size. e. g. the production of m: !A to tailings in he alone was over 2x 10' t in 1974 and is expected re, dumps reach 3x 10 by1980. The delicate condition of most tailings derives from a combination of placing the material as hy. i.raulic fill and lakes lack of design expertise. Often the barrages that hold back the of troubles saturated loose tailings also impound natural water and some have to have on mated in inadrnuate s-illways which by modus operandi be the level rises. . adjusted, constantly as mud Accident with a small experimental dam retaining kaolin waste in Brittany in1974 Liquefaction failure in gypsum waste in Texas in 1966 Problems dissociated BNCOLD News <", Views 1976 Report on Question 44 - with special typ, r of fill dam. Ä. T). 11. Penman.

r ,,T. R. ( 9/3/1972 '_,: TT.R. 2/3/1972 p. 10. NAI"M OF JA''. MIRIAPM Comm"RY. AUSTRALIA.

HEIG"T. (m). 7.9m. ARIA.

CREST LFNGTH. (m). M. R.

'º '1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. °_eoo`_±r1 CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. (ýtiý I?eexurry

Y13AROF C0? 'PL' I' I O?T . R^°''IVCIf CAPACITY 1952. m3 INCID:,, TTS: Failed 1954 Built 1952 Concrete gravity 7.9m high

Gruner ICOLD 1969

a NAME OF DAl". MISSION CREEK. COMTTrrf.

IMIG-7. (m). ARrA.

CR1ST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT: RIAL. Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other r'asonry

YIBAR OF CO!!PLC IO"J. R'?S37MIR C_APACI^Y

m3 iraczTX!NTS:

0 CCt"''"'7. TIOHAWK xaý' o^ te=A 5.5m. 01110 F'. 4.

Earthfill R: 3ale Embk .ent CC7 Cozc_ete CV-W"7ras TYPE . ,..:-_ f@ enor=e. ý3z-

--IV j. -:. Y--L".R OF AC"=! -"TC** U- -- m3

Failed 19151913 and 1/ 18ft(5.5m) high earthfill. Overtopping & piping.

i 1

runer COLD 1969- F. N. vol 73 10/6/1915. CGL7 a u A"R- n^ 31". MOHEGAN PARK. AT' .

JEnb=

Earthfill ? ui le .eat Concrete Cß -7 I'encr=1e. TYPE . - s6 ý ýr r

R Of Y'-L'. m3

MOHCGAN PARK = SPAULDING POND.

1 1

I NAME OF DA's. '""OLD'' CCMITRY. ITALY

!T IG? T. (m). 15m" AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

Embanlc-nent Eart hfi ll Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. R'?SERVOIR CAPACITY

Failed 1935 Concrete gravity 15m high on ?diver Orba. Can 14,600 acre ft. Insufficient spillway capacity Overtopped

POLART, = ZBflBINO NAME OF DAM. 1.100SE JAW RIVER. COMMIRY. CAITADA.

HEIGfT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 91m. M. R.

H Reýftftt Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Reviefit i CORE. Concrete Qak"ae" Concrete Membrane. 0#4+6cr '9

YDAR OF C011PLETION. Rr-SI'3VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCID- TS: Failed 24/4/1916 Sasketchewan - Canadian Pacific Pailway. Concrete _r, -vity 91m lon, -. Eft )lij on foundation - overtopped to depth of - rip rap wrshec? away Slid 15ft d/s. Gravity type concrete dam 300ft long on clay foundation. 18 sections of buttress -8 of which used for flood spillway 'th stop logs. No concrete snillwey with apron but protected. d/s with rip rap. Catchment 1800 devoil tree square mil. es. 9 of growth. hus rapid run-nff and river rose rapidly esv 4l-miles x 700ft x max depth of 18ft After failure level fell to 5ft ;Spring freshet started April 11th and water rose 6ft over dam. All the stop logs had been removed before freshet started.

Catalog 'F. R. vol 73t 1916, p. 62d, 667, may 6th & Nov. 20th NAJ"'E OF DA?'. MORFNA COU1TTflY. U. S. A.

(m) 50m. AREA. HEIG'? T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment ßi-11 Puddle TYPE. y MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete e C -*ýte 2-Senbrane. Or

YDAR OF COMPLETIO?d. REM'ýVOIR CAPACITY 1912. m3 Ir1C ID=S : Overtopped - didn't fail Rockfill built, 1912 Constr. started July 1886then temporarily suspended until 1897 Catchment 130 square miles On Cottonwood Creek. (rebuilt City of an Diego ?T, -, ter Supply, now 279ft high 1932) Railroad tracks were placed ift apart Infront of spillway with radial gates - tracks were to br*ng storage within 18" of parapet - these cau; debris and blocked spillway so much that even with a head of 3ft there was only 3" on the spil - way

F. TT. R. 10/12/1936 p. R. vol 73 Trans A1C7,1965 U. S. B. R. Safety Program. CCM72 T. 140UMT LAX STATT PARK U. 9. A.. N?ý 07 31-' " ýýý A-17.4%.

Y. R.

Earthfill PuL11e Enb=ic-. ea± Concrete Ca+ =7 TYPE. 1'enbraze.

V,A C? loll 1937 m3

I"C Iýý: '""O = Overtopped 5/5/1938 Built 1937 by ?'i. P. A. cost 30,000 dollars, earthfill Heavy rains washed out 20ft section at one end and 70ft section at other. 4 miles N. E. of Luverne iTinneapolis. i,

Catalog E. N. R. vol 120 19/5/1938 MOYIF RIVER COUITTFLY. U. S. A. NAME OF DA! .

HEIG'T"(m). 17m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 47m. IM2.R.

Embenk-erit mill Puddle TYPE. Ci-#g MATERIAL. .8oa3 ,i11 CORE. Concrete fees Concrete Membrane. Other Larry

YDhR OF CONNIPLWION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

1926 m3 INCID:, S: Incident 1926 America, Idaho, Bonners Ferry, on Moyie River. Built 1926 17m arch dam with crest length of 47m. Overtopped, dam not damaged but left abutment damaged and removed. F1 incident Spillway = timber lined canal in saddle close to left abutment. Concrete 14: 24: 44. Spillway 24ft wide, 12ft deep, 50ft long. Overtopped by 7-15ft 80ft $pIllway broke ups forcecput a notch 50ft below crest of dam, long ýd 18ft wide.

ICOLD Lessons from dam incidents. E. N. R. vol 97 p. 616,1926 E. N. R. vol 100 p. 472,22/3/1928 E. N. R. 14/10/1926 IT LAKE COÜISTf. u alm.. nr n al,ý _ TIM U. S. A.

NEIG T. (m). 2m. AREA.

(m) III. R. CIIiST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

R' SITTIVOIR CAPACITY YMR OF COTIPLLIOl . m3 IITC I7)MTTS s Overtopped 12/12/1923 Iron River. CGt : T. INDIA. NANAKSAGAR T' 0: 1 A`17;. (M) 16m. - 3218m. Earthfill pL;331 e Enb= .eat CC3` Concrete C =J TYPE. .. 6te I'enbr_ze. t et" r

Y-z.ý R C? Lc =*.T^ IC" " 209,700,000 m3 1962. C

Failed 8/9/1967 Earthfill on Deoha Riverp near Shahyahanpur, U'; ter Pradesh Built 1962 Ht 52ft(13.85m) crest lgth 2 miles(3218.69m) Res cap 170000 acre ft. Collapsed from monsoon rains causing worst flooding in 20 years. 4. Killed 100 people from 32 villages. Seepage appeared on D/s face on August 27th 1967 - water gushed from leak on Sept 5th. Leak Another leak occured on Sept 7th plug! --ed. pn Sept 8th water forced 25ft wide breach wich widened to 159ft with some settlement & overtopping. Spillway cap 1415 cumecs.

atalog ý. 'i. R. 14/9/1967 p. 17 BOG OmTTnnY NAIM OF DA.M. NASH C . U. s. p. (m) lOm. kllEA. HEIG'?T. .

MST LENGTH. (m). 274.32m. I,i. R.

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. geeoM4y MATERIAL. aoa-f. fl Co=" . Concrete rcec ýerrereýe Membrane. 644tr z"y'

YIIhR OF COIIPLETI0! 1. i ST'RVOIR CAPACITY

ca. 1909, m3 INCIDENTS : Failed 22/5/1969 Earth + timber 33ft(10m) high, 900ft(274.32m) long, impounding 500 acre ft. (615 ha. m) with surface area 233acres(90ha. ) Wave Owned by Paper company. surge through toim of Groveton, scouring a 200-400ft(60m-122m) wide swath through woos for first 6-7 miles. Nash stream raged into Antinonoosoc River, which flows through Grivetc Highway F, rail bridges were washed out and. 4 dams owned by Groveton Paper Co. Estimated damage 500,000 dollars. New Hampshire.

(moaner says "a. rneing"

"-meiner ICOLD i969 '.?. "T. R. 182 14 -/5/19'9 vol p. coV; "_'?tY IT ä- o? )Ä . NEST CROTON. U. Q. A. (M) 89m. ATflA. __IG--T . C?-, ^-,T 661m. Iý R

Puddle M T""iIAL. $Qr: 'ii1 TYPE. : zy C03- . Concrete Concrete Membrane. Other "&an

YJAR OF CQPLETIO''. R"Sý'ýTJCIP.C'tF: ýCI? Y 1905 89M m3

Failed /Oct/1955 New York. Built 1905 to huh. of 297fT(89m), and 661m long. Gravity dam with 315m long spillway. On Quaker Bridge River Capacity 89iß cubic metres. Al incident.

26cm of rain in 3 clays. Spillway had 0.6m high flashboards which were overtoppea by 1.1m. Used for supply. high hazard. Croton on Hudson 1 mile d/s ' 7500 people,

U. S. R. R. Safety Program. I ASCF & ICOLD Lessons frm Dam Incidents. .. ýy:

NAME OF DA?!. COMIIIIRRY. NEW DON PEDRO DAM. U. S. A.

MLIG"T. (m). 178m AREA.

(m). CREST LENGTH. 579m. M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Pud31e TYPE. Grazritt MAT^mIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Membrane. .iJthor P" e,enrt-

YBAR OF COMPLE, IOrd. RTS:,]IVOI? t CAPACITY

1971.3 2,504,005, ooom

Overtopped during construction. Earthfill + rockfill on Tuolümme River, La Grange, California. 178m high, 579m long

26/1/1969 heavy rain necessitated discharge of 1194 cumecs. Cofferdam designed for 560 cumecs through diversion tunnel. Frequency of the 560 cumecs discharge estimated at not more than once every 15 years. d/s cofferdam breached to drain out water then d/s & u/s completed. Completed 1971.

tLessons from Dam Incidents. A. S. C. F. NTIMBUS. cote TRY U. 7. A. NAT'1EOF JA! . . 23m. xC(m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

&e. ýerrb Ilm ;-i$- Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATRIAL_ ?l CORE. Concrete secs Concrete Membrane. -Okhor

YBAR OF COI"IPL'ETIO?1. RTMETIVOIR CAPACITY

u/c. m3 INCID= S: Failed 1953 Concrete gravity structure under constr in California lit 76ft`(23m). Overtopped cofferdam. Finished 1955, can 11M cubic metres. Regulating structure fo Folsom Dam. On American River Overtopped in January AND May Irrigation Funply ?: Hydro. ýap 96 acre. ft. (Car7ic4ýel 5 miles d/s 40,500 people.

E. TT.R. vol. 150 p. 24 22/1/1953 vol 151 P. 39 23/7/1953 152 22 21/1/1954 158 34 21/1/195v 160 25 27/2/1958 Lessons from Dam Inci'tents. Y"

NORTH SCITUATE COifl fly. U. S. A. NAJ!'3 OP 7A?° .

H! IG"T. (m). 1.83m AREA.

(ra) 1". R. CW T LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Q is MAT_RIA. L_- ! 'ff1 CORD. Concrete eia 6enore+re Membrane. G#kar Y

YflAR OF C071PLETIC'T. R'A'ST VCIR CAPACITY m3 I! TCID7NTS : Failed 13/4/1926 Rhode Island, Rolled earth emb. 6ft(1.83m) high overtopped Small Mill Dam. Dry stone facing enclosing sand fill Impounded 200-300 acre ft to find Cut in order to drain reservoir - not able gates and believed cutting of dam to be safe because of small height. Flow went out of control making large breach sending flood down valley. No serious damage & no lives lost ,

Catalog jE. N. R. vol 96 1926 p. 668 NAT-T OF DA.M. NORTH VERNON. COÜi1TRY. U. S. A. mTGrr. (ml. 2.4m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

fl ma.L1JT'IZ Puddle TYPE. Gravity ?!ATERIAL. R. -esfi. 11 CORE. Concrete BtK-trM Concrete Membrane.

YBAR OF COMPLETION. R'ýS1"1VOIß CAPACITY 1909 m3 iITCID S: Failed 1910. 2. $m high darn concrete ' built 1909 Overtopped CC177 , Y. U. S. A. NqýM 0? Dt'. NORLLTICH

(M). 10m. --'

Camr Eartzfill Ruine Enby13c er t 1,. eeze!Fji-1 CC?r. Concrete yr , ""ýýýT.

" ý; tr

t t. _ .... _ Y,: R OF ccý"=ý^TC"'. 1892 M3

Failed 3/9/1905 Built 1892, New York. 10m high eärthfill overtopped Puddled core on Ransford Creek. Cascade failure to Lower dam.

Upper darn 34ft high low Hazard Lower Hazard. .am sig ALSO CALLED RBOURNE.

r Catalog E.N. 39/6/1905 E. N. 14/01905 p. 274. Vol 54 D» NORWICH 't CONN, COÜ1ITrY. NAJt OF .

HEIL'-iT. (m). 6m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 9*4vpl4y MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Du b-bre. ftfferm" Membrane. 4114' 4"cnr

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACI^Y

1853 m3 INCID:,: S: Failed on March 1963 Built 1893_6/7 20ft(6m) high earthfill + rockfill Called SPAUDLINGS POTTD, 4511 gallons roared. into Norwich Damage 2-3 N dollars. 13 acre lake Dam with co.t stone rip-rap, 40ft wide at base, 12ft wide at crest No spillway. 6 killed 6 injured, could have been piping leading to subsidence leading to overtopping. Sno,, rmelt occured before weir gate could be opened - it being frmzen. Some say 12 people killed. . Used as a sawmill dam then for recreation. In Nohegan Park adjacent to city of Norwich at elev. 244. Drains into Thanes estuary at junction of Janhe & Shetucket Rivers. Dam 1 mile from city. Failed at 9.30 p. m. on 6th due to heavy runoff

Gruner - Safety in Dam Construction - Die Ldasserwirtschaft vol 56 1966 E. N. R. 14/3,1963 p. 23 n. 170 CGL:T`'T. RHODESIA. NA 0? D1' " NYAHONDO (n) iIC=. . lOm. i,. R

Earthfill R: 331e Enbýc: er- CC?ý. Concrete TYPT "am"y ý_... . 9, rrerý#. e Z'enbrine. "e th

m3 1959

Failed 1059 10m high earthfill, built 1959

i 1

tGruner

ICOLD 1969 OAKFORD PARK COIIiTTRY. U. S. A. MAIM. AV 'I e*:l _ HE (m)" 7.5m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill pletait TYPE. -@k-avtty MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete rb"breb s e)rru e Vi. &Mrr tkeeenr7

YIIAR OF COAIPLETIOTT. Rr=VOIR CAPACITY 1895 rn3 II CID TTS:

Failed 1903 Built 1895 to a ht of 7.5m cored earthfill with mpsonry core. Overtopped, failed due to erosions 12 deaths + several thousand dollars worth of damage. Penn. NAIVE OF DA*i. OAKLAND COÜIITRY. U. S. A.

(M). AREA. FEIG"T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Ernbanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLE P I0"d . R'-STRVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDNTS:

see VEEDBRS POND.

4. OCHLOCKO RTVPR COMMITIly. U. S. A. NA E OF DA*' . .-!. TALLAHASSEE TTIT V'mm 21.119m. ATS"A.

CREST LE'NGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 9 th MATTRIAL. fe 1 COR^. Concrete a.. G ýeýrerct e Membrane. O.birt'r

YTJAR OF CO!.PLE IO"T . RrS, -IVCIR CAPACITY m3 Il'ICID? NTS

Failed. 30/10/ ? ''arthfill section of Hydro dam washed out -2x 500ft lengths Damage 100,000 dollars. 69ft(21.09m) high impounding 40ft of water TTeavy rainfall (20" in September) before failure.

'1'1-wo500ft sections of the earthfill part of Florida Power Co. Hydro electric dam on Oclockonee River near Tallahassee on Sept 30th flooding a thinly populated area - no one killed or injured. 30 years old Rebuilt.

i i CC17711" JAPAN.. N.C -- 0? DA: " OGAYARI TDO-TA! 'EIIF A-c7-. Y. R. 7r_ Lß. 1, ^ V--'! _..., " Eart %ifi ll Pu 11 Enbaýý eilt e . CC C. Concrete TYPS. I: enbr=ze.

2EI m3 1944 I-)7! T! 7 _111C F2 failure 25/9/1963 Japan - Built 1944 19m high earthfill Overtopped d/s u/s 2: l, 2: 1 9&2.5: 1. r Rock facing on U3s & d/s faces. Abnormal discharge from typhoon on Sept 25th 1963 Design spillway discharge 47 cumecs. ?Catchment 360 ha. Qom of left section (120,000 cubic metres ) washed out Res. surface area 2.3 ha. -Design rainfall 54.4mn in 4 hrsg design flood discharge 55 cumecs. Freeboard 2.4m. Spillway 47m depth . = side overflow spillway, wide and overflow of 0.7: >m

Gruver ICOLD 1969 NAIV 0? 7A.". COLr;r_`, iY OIL CITY U. ý; . A. Ani': A.

I. R. C3ýST L5'lG'"u. n) . I.

Emban c ent Earthfill PuH1e TYPE. Gravity j.. =^ I? I L. Roc! z ill CO??. Concrete Buttress Concrete Yenbrane. Other !Masonry

Y ýR CF cc' PLý^IC". In3 I': CIý:.? I'I' S

OIL CITY = SPARTANSBURG

I j' COtr 2RT. NpjJ OF ý__" O'REILLY WEIR AUSTRALIA

W. llm. Apt^A.

Cnj 1,. R. C:?I°. T L71G"T . " Puldle 2 "-.'' :I "ºL" Iý°°? e'i' CO??. Concrete TYPE. Gravity . ' Concrete 2'enbrrae. + 04 er

Y'ýAR CF CO'°L "_'IC". 1947 in3

Failed. 1950 Built 1947, llm high concrete gravity. Overtopped

I OROA1-7"'3 COUITTflY NAI,M OF DA." . . SYRIA

HIIG"T. (m). AREA.

CREST L37GTH. (m). MORS

Embankment Earthfi ll Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT^RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF CO!IPL3PIONJ. R"S'TIVCIR CAPACITY

m3 I TCI! XPNTS: Failed 1961. High winds caused overtopDing. OROS NAM. OF JA1T. COLIry. BRAZIL 26m. mIG"T. (m). ARIA.

CREST LENNGTH.(m). 457m" M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. } TYPE. Caa&i±by CORE. flamm e But*r s Connm ±e Imo. 0er tay

YEAR OP CO?T:PL": ý IO'1. R' SýýDOIR C:1P_1CI^_Y rn3 INCID NTS: Failed 25/3/1960 Ceara State on Jaguaribe River 85ft(25.91m) high , 1500ft(4572) long earth dam still under construction. Clay core, sand shell. 3.511 ft earthwork. Resv area 13') square miles, storing 800,000 acre ft. Final height to be 54m, lgth 620m. crest 10m wide. "rom March 22nd onwards level rose 31d/dar and on 22nd water was only qm below the crest. Rainfall for 5 days 647.7mm. 'Tanning organised ad hoc thus 120,000 escaped and 50 squatters killed. (Biswas says 16,000 escaped, 1000 killed( dam 15 ft of uncompacted fill w,±s hurriedly placed onto ' and still didn't erode until 2.5ft of water was pa^sing over crest - shows that even loose fill can resist erosion. Head of 0.8m over 220m crest, movemebt occured after 12.1 hours, later breach 200m wide. In 15hrs 1.2512 cubic metres of fill were washed out. Peak flow through breach 340,000 cusecs. Flood water reached sea, some 210 miles away some 3 days later. Slope of breach practically vertical. 4200 houses damaged.

Grune r Gruner Dam Disasters. ICOLD 1967 '? ter & Water Engineering Aug 1960 p. 350 ºº ºt ºº It Feb 1961. p. 64 F. N. T`. April 7th 1960 p. 25 Gruver Vigilance over Reservoirs 'ýT-ter & I"titer higineering Sept 1969 p. 370 Biswas & Chatterjee Uater P wer 1971. The Human Dimensions of Dam Safety. , ORTUELLA CCt. 7.1 T. SPAIN .... R. A., -, ".. _

1, i. 4. C7?T L711Ts. ri) "

Earthfill Pu311e Enbanc ent . IzL"ee? ý` CC?7. Concrete TYPE C,aa 'i 7 ! "'^:? . 6eýrere. 2: crane Btr! 3 - en . " ot:.

--TICII YM R cF ZV7. ^IC R7. m3

Failed 1964 Earthfill Bilbao. Flood due emb, near wane to storm I overtopped. 6 deaths.

Catalog. Gruner BN no. 432 12/10/1964 ccT. NA;-' 0? )'" OSFALLET IY. NORWAY

H(n). az^ý.

T R. :K, ý- LT TIT' .

Earthfill Enb =lc'ent Fu331e Raei!! Fi; con.- Concrete TYPE. C=J 1 . -0 fps 1'enbra e. Cti=zr

P. --7 f1.. /^T'ý F ! R_ J'. Sn! r_1.'R C CC --`IC"i. _ in3

I I') : Failed 1916 Norway E'arthfill - overtopped

i i

Catalog. Ltr. C. F. -Groner, Constr. Eng, Oslo, June ist 1965 YUGOSLAVIA. CCt: 7 ! OVCAR BANJA N Aý'.ý 0? J1" Aý='_ýý 27m. IG-'i . týý . 14.q. cam,Jw Earthf ill pti: 3'_le ent CC?-. Concrete TYPE. Cs'i=J ý9-e Kencr=1e. 6tOr " ýr C 4"p -ý3 31tii. 1952

F2 Failure 1965 Built 1952 to a ht of 26.8m high earthfill On Zapadra Morava River. Overtopped Spillway -3 sluice gates of 13.6m wide with cap of 1500 cumecs each. One gate had been replaced with concrete stop logs and the cap. of the spillway reduced to 3 original. i'

essons fro, dam Disasters ICOLD. Gruver ICOLD 1969 Nfil OF DAP'. OVERHOLSTER SHAWNEE COU TRY. U. S. A.

(m) 18m. AREA. HEG___?T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 250m- M. R.

Embarilm, ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. MATERIAL. H! CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. wer y

YDA.R OF COUPLE IO?1. P=ETIVOIn CAPACITY 1920 18.51t1 m3 INCIDENTS : Failed 1963 Incident 1923 Built 1920 to ht of 18m and with crest lgth of 250m a earth + concrete butress dam (Amberson type) on North Canadian River. Res cap 18.5 M cubic metres.

1923 incident F2 failure Oct 1923 flood peak 3720 cumecs - washed out 91m of abutment. .i Extended between 1924-25 to 91m- spillway cap increased to 6300 c cumecs. U. S. A. NAI' 0? -)4". OVOCA. Al^r. 5m. T-7 53m. ._ Eartofi11 Dwb&ipe Eriban ent L" R-edr_'i; M1,71. Concrete TYPE Ca. i-y ; ', ^^''T; QVTPrýc-__

2-21'1 Y"u'.R CF CC.:! "'IC". .ýI.. _ 1909. m3

Failed. 1914. Earthfill with cone core at Tullahomaq Tennessee. ht. 16ft(4.88m) lgth. 175ft(53.34m) Constr. 1909 Overtopped - no fill on D3s side of core wall. i"

Catalog Engineering Contractor vo142 p. 454 WAIM Ll ZIA. - -1 01-IL CREEK COUNTRY. U. S. A. AIM TX _

HEIG'T, (m). 35m. ATREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 195m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. '_'__ il CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. Or eenry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RD'S"3VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDS S:

Failed 1912 Owl Creek S. Dakotaý America 9 ( ) Earthfill + concrete dam ll5f`t(35m)high, 6500ft 195m. long Overtopped - wave damage to paving on u/s face. NAME OF DAM. OXBOW. COmTTRY. U. S. A.

(m). 47m. AREA. HEIGF'T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 488m.

Embankment Earthfi 11 Puddle TYPE. Goevi4ay MATERIAL. Rock-fill CORE. Concrete Membrane.

YBAR OF COMPLETION. Rý'ST_'RVOIRCAPACITY 1961. m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1961. Built 1961 as experiment. 47m high earthfill + rockfill 62m high 488m long On Snake River a near Homestead.

see paper.

I IL

f N4; J 0^ 7z". PADAVIL CCt= CEYOT . 21m. V. R

Earthfill R: 3'_le Enbazcezt Ree si CC,-. Concrete C. ""ý-"ýI sl,. ' TYPE . azui: ý "_ý-- 2'erabr=ze. --ý

e'--TM'- 1 4.r 12? Y T-"V.R Cl? - _CC**'2'-'--"TC m3

Failed 504-B. C. Ceylon, 69ft(21m) earthfill

fig. , er No 42,21/10/1965 NAT!r OF DA°T. PAGARA COÜirrrr I`'DI 1 . IMIG"T. (m). 30m AREA.

CREST LEI1GTH. (m). 1'i. R.

Embancnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cf vi'4ty MIATERIÄL. n_± CORE. Concrete Býrbbre+es Cýa'. ý Membrane. Masonry

YBAR OF CO?'PLC IO"*. TM-71VOI? 1 CAPACI? Y 1927 rn3 I"CIlZ? `JTS: P2 incident 1943 t 1927 l3uil. 9 30m high e'rthfill. Composite m^sonr, r +e trthfi1_1 6 12.2m 6-rt (1. `Fm) automatic ; atosý each span , high "'wo sluices 1. "m x 0.9m in masonry Ina'-equate sniliway - water level rose 1.3m above ?'.. ''. L. causing excessive tension '; failure.

12.3" of rain in 14 hours in catchment. 1esivn discharge 1316 cumecs. 'Observe: 3. clischarae 2632 cumecs. Freeboard 0.9m above T71L. Almost all washe-1 arwair by overtop ing Timber blocked spi11p, .

a i 1- --- PAGARA NAI T-n OF 23A"!. COU1TZY . INDIA.

(m). 30m. AR3A. In IG'-T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). t,7. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Ree?fi±1 CORE. Concrete Buttress Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COFIPLE r IO? . R'MTIVOIR CAPACITY 1914 m3 INCID-71`T9 Overtopped 1923 &1943 30m high masonry + earth dam built 1914 in State of Gwalior

Catalog Gruner ICOLD 1969 Lessons from Dam Incidents LCOLD. NA OF DA?"_. PAJICI COlmTnY. INDIA.

FLIG"'T. (M). 5fl. Am ATKIA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). Ii. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle +1 TYPE. Crerai6j ýIýTý IýI, " °-"4"2! CORE. Concrete : ++4±ßs 'ý° Membrane. Qt.3o'

YBAB OF CO!TPL^TIO! T. RTSý'ýVQI? C_1PACI7Y

m3 I', 1CID7?TTS : liver Ambi - side snillu. *ay, des can 437 cumecs. 95,000 people af.: iecte: l, 5000 houdes dama;; e, ' or destroyer?. 100 kille(l, 80,000 evacuated becruse of efficient "-arnin- system. Incomnle', e outlet ý-s.tes at time of flood; water nan in, - throu`h these causeri vibration and subsidence. Tain comraenceq 1"/6/1961 see Paschet was not overton: )erl due to ina, '_enupte c'illway but becausc of in- adenuate and ineon-nle to , vulnerable state of wor'cs, unsuitable cdesi. ^ of outlet tiror'; s. rate hn 1 rollers of fixed a.::.Ie t-*ne - late d_elivery - hence rut on ten- norý, rýr chains. `Tubsic. ence occurei - s.. nTz t. 5ft in ^. 5hrc. T'reeboari Sft. f^ilu 70007 ft c uss' i 9ft ove -ton in, of tom for i1 hourn beforr fr ii. urc - re uhc'n 3ft over crc ^t. to be in tartc_' 1957- cora'l. ete 1fl62 but in 1957 it , revi^rc. 1961. at 1 trrtCe 2. ý<< me Catchment ml 4.7 grerter t''en 17 (Inglis Prý-1: flood Aß, 000 IP,, 00f cusecs normula) Ton of Darn ?t. L. 2090 2097 1,. 2.072 P")89 ? lood level. Ides full 2062 2029 River bed level 1904 190' )ill level overf12062 2062 dth of sill 172ft 172ft TTa:' dischariTe 17,200 17,200 cu^ecs. Max ht of 1^,m. 168ft 1n,5ft TTet stora, -cCY c u. ft) 6100 11,200 'Trite weir. No sates. 3 tair_ter 'ate: - Allft x 27ft 7a. rthw*or1: "uar_ 90,. 85TT 12.11-7 ft Outlet aar 1000 o-'e to b- inctnl_'_ec1. 9th T_COLD In'iiE General -Report ""^,,,,,ter Pot, r, 'r June 1164 p"P: 1" r; n, ineering Journal ?'r. ch 1971. Crrlner die Tie urcwirtschaft vol =)' 1? PIC" vol ?2 May 22nd pplO-12 Journal Inst nn;; (India) 1 47 Pnll23-1111/; C16 ßao of : v' COM."TTIy. NAME OF DA! . PANGUITCH

I1IG-T. (m). ATMA.

CR3ST L-ENGTA. (n).

Embanlc: ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAI!ERI4L. Rockfill COR3. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

I0'' C:1FACI^Y YLR OF CO'PLr'_' . TM-ýMCIß m3 I`; CITiPrS:

PANGUITCH = CIRCLE-VILLE

r ...... ý "z -" __

NAVT OF JA'. COMTTIZT. PARAKRA IA C, orr AR^.A.

(n) 14.R. C! T I, ýrcVrH. ._

Einbar ent Earthfill puddle TYPE. 9s 4y X31 CO3.3Concrete cOl, e Membrane. " &iM r

Y '. R CF CO'PLr'_'IC". R"S7? VC!! CAPACITY 500 AZD* m3

Failed Earthfill CEylon, built 50o A. D.

I. i

:,,. - ..... _------a, -.. _,r-W.. -. ý..W... _-w p ...,.,.- ...... -.... , _...... > NAME OF DA!!. PARDO DAT,1 CO`: U. S. A.

IM1G^r. (m). 15m. AREA.

(m). CREST LENGTH. 62m. 1'1.R .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle ¬i+I TYPE. (* -ý* MATERIAL. CORD. Concrete -"' sees O roro4e Membrane. 4er tU'Y

C I ON RS311VOIR CAPACITY Y13AR OP OMIPLET . m3 It-CID31ITS: Failed. 6/1/1970 Pardo Dam Mendosa, Argentina, 9 near Earthfill flood control dam. 25 killed, damage 17M doll ars Storage only 161 -cre ft. Flood volume estimated at 4000 acre ft. 2" of rainQ of the average for the year) fell in 2 hours over the 18 square mile catchment. 204fT(62.1m) lone, 49ft(14.94m) high, ungated outlet tower leading to 39" dia culvert through dam. , pillway 1400 cusecs cap(= to maximunm recorded flood), flanked the dart. `Improper maintenance said to have been a factor in the failure. Sand a debris had accumu!;: ted on bed, covering 2 of the 5 openings in outlet tower. 6ft wall of mud sent into Mendtza a malor town of Argentina. in the Andean foothills, 750 miles rast of Buenes Aires. Within 30 mins waters of the Mendoza River flooded 8 square miles of city drowning motorists in their cars. Designed & built by D-'pt. of Irrigation. 125 known to be dead. On Seco de Frias River.

r. N. R. 1511/1970 ý. rr. R. 831/1970 p. 3. Los Andes Mendoza, No29039 6/1/1970 71 A4I PARIS U. S. A. ITFlJtFLZj ATNrl nnVV JJ1 . COÜiITRY.

AREA. ME" -(m) . 17m. (m) 226m. III. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gre, 1rf MIAT'ERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete gembeims4e Membrane. O". X- *Y

YIIA.R OF COMPLETION. RESE'1VOIR CAPACITY 1939. In3 INCIMI S:

Failed 16/5/1939 under construction. Built 1939 17m high 1226m long earthfill + rockfill On Short MMuutwin Creek River

Flood occured when 13m high About 38m of dam washed out PARIS = SHORT CRE:": K.

WAshed out 5.35" in 15 hours caused rise of 5ft in 30 min. 75% complete when wave hit 740ft log with design height of 57fty Failed when 43ft high F of S when complete =4 Court case said failed because no provision of flood discLiarge Cap 2880 acre ft. Paris d/s 3646 people.

Lessons fron Dan Incidents Gruver E. N. R. vol 122 27/4/1939 NME OF DM!. FEAPACK BROOK. COMPRY. U. S. A.

(m) AREA. IG'r.H. " 9.75m.

CIEST LENGTH. (m) 109"73m. I,2. R.

Embankment Earihfi11 QuAl . MATMIAL. *? TYPE . Carl-6, j i1 CORE. Concrete H uai s 0eners4e ýti 064er N&Refsy

YIIAR OF CO!"IPLETION. Rr5"RVOIR CJIPACI^Y m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 17/11/1927 ew Jersey, near Gladstone, Somerset County. On branch of Peapack Brook, 3 miles above Gladstone. r arthfill with concrete core, 32ft(9.75m) high & 360ft(109.73m) lo;.. -, Drainage area 7 square miles during Overtopped construction, and nearly complete ' when embankment slumped and core wall overturned during heave storm.

12" tube in bed of stream as spillway at time of failure Oore wall was 360ft long, 29ft high, 14! ' thick at top, 40" thick at base. arthfill had been piled a ainst wall to 16ft. Overtopped. by 2ft 9 d/s slumped, core then unsupported. Only 1- full at time of flood.

Catalog Justin Gruner (says 192" but it was 1927) E. N. R. 19/1/1928 vol 100 p. 116 ICOLD 1969 u Ar. nF -)A?T. P1 RREGAUX. COIII;TRY. ALGERIA.

Im IT7T. (M). A.TREA.

(m) CREST LENGTH. . IT. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill C0R^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y13AR OF COMPLETION. RrM-7RVOIR _CAPACITY m3 INICID 1TS: ist failure ; 1872 - flood washed away 150m of spillway 2nd. is 1881 - insufficient freeboard. 3rd. 1927 - storm breaching

1872 flood 25,000 cusecs, 1881 " 30,000 cusecs, 1927 141,000 cusecs.

Catalog 6648, Discussions on Dam Disasters - Gruner p. 361, paper Paragraph 193 NAI,'E OF DAM. PIERA

im, IG"'T. (m). ARM.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1i. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE.. C, +by MA ]ßIAI,. D- := CORE. Concrete ae4s Llenbrane. lATmmrrr

YBAR OF CO?IPLE PI O"1. R"S rWCIR - "_PACI^Y

m3 IITC ID^TITS : Failed 7/10/1976 Blocked sluice T;arthfill

Radio braodcast. NAIT OF DA, '. PINE TOWN c oüimTr Y. NATAL.

HEIG-7T AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YJA.R OF COMIPLETIO?d. RESMVOIR CAPACITY

m3 flTCIDMTTS: Failed Durban water supply on Umbilo River, 20 mis from Durban. Two resvs. in valley. 300+ killed NM! OF DA*c. PIPIKSTOTN. COU1TRY. U.! 7. A.

T (m) 21m. AREA. I, IG'? . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. (rvt't)' MAPiRIAL. ?-1 CORE. Concrete g7-c-G4es 2"ienbrane. &b-hex Nemelwy

YDAR OF COM. IPL'LT I O?d . RM'STRVOIR CAPACITY 1959 ý3 INCIDs_ S:

Failed 23/5/1968 On Trib. Fourche Du. Clos., Missouri. 500ft u/s of Lawrenceton. 70ft(21m) high, spillway composed of 22" dia. oil drums welded together. Freeboard 2ft. 30 acre lake formed 320 acre catchment. No lives lost Up to time of failure landslides and excessive seepage occured ICalcs showed dam could not withstand 50 year flood. lake , Because of leakage would not fill and at time of failure was only 115-20 acres. Failure started at 5 a. m. and finished at 7 a. m.. Failute started at centre, carving deep V notch through dam. Built 1959 Owner Mrs Albert Pinkston.

U. S. B. R. Safety Program. 69 8. bMIneral Industry News June 1968 9 No. vol published by Missouri Geological Society. CCln1. U. S. A. PITTSFORD J 0? 1' . . AZ., 12m...... _.. -,.. t_1

Earthfill Enb=L.. ent Concrete =_i.. Ree?eýsý-1 CC' TYPE. =I t,ýs; ýrzne . e9d r- " ýr

cc-.Pv -^i . M3

ICI17TV% Failed 1947 high 12m earthfill with masonry core.

N. R. 12/6/1947 Gruner - U. S. A CCMT''T " Nam 0? ý"" PITTSTON 4.8m ?gIC''i "(n)" I -IT 300m Earthfill 134:131e Emba.ý eat CC'ý" Co: ýc_ete ý.. ýý'I'1'. R'°eýeýi-i-1 TYPI, _ I'enäraze. " CtA-er

1870 411 gallons 1%,C I)": '_"% Failed 28/11/1901. 300m Earthfill dam built 1870 to a ht of 4.8m and length of in Pennsylvania for Pennsylvania Coal Co. Failed due to over pumping - no outlet. Parabolic reservoir, cap 4M gallons,

atalog _ E. N. vol -46 5/12/1901. CP D `" COtrT_`.tT. }TAI POCONO LA_, U. S. A. (m) A'2'.-. A. ?iIG' I " 9m.

CTI$T L5'dr; "_'?. n) II. R.

Earthfill Enbmic-. ent Puddle AI, io l 41 CO2. Concrete TYPEP. 8Tve*i4y MIA^:ý7I . ., Ca# e Venbrine. iheeef p. ý}. ý.Y

=. R CF CC"°L'"IC". 1909 in3 I'TCI-) 'S:

Failed / /1955 Pennsylvania Built 1909,9.1m high earthfill

_ __-_ __-'------_

_ _ .,ýý POINTA NaJ0? ý ý. ' . A171A IG''ý"(M)" 17.4m 1"'.4.

Earthfill R: 3i1e Embamt=ent CC?" Concrete TYPE. GA. =J '2 -'-' Z'erabraze. Bwt t- " qtr

. ý? _ ,.. r .. - yti"R C:+ CC' =L-IC". 3 1925

Failed 1929 17.4 earthfill dam built 1925 in Alabama town River Falls, 580 people, 1 mile Cap. 418,000 acre ft I nearest hazard. d/s ' sig.

i I

U. S. B. R. SAfety Program. Grinner - 1ICOLD L969 COMM."RY. NAIE OF-)A: '. PONTE ALTO ITALY AR^A.

('i) CXIST L'7TGT . . Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 9rsrrtr 1'."-_^7,? Itih. Roc1: °i11 CC?, Concrete e Concrete Venbrane. " Other r: asonry

Y1 R CF CC'"PL-"TC". 1537 m3 I_: CI7

Failed. 1542 Constr. 1537 on River Fersina, Italy. Timber dam 'silted un.

------POMTATT SHOALS. COUITTRY. U. `ý. A. NP31E OF JA! ) .

H IG"T. (m). 7m' AREA.

(m). R. CREST LFNGTH. M .

Em3nnlimo t T==1 l-ýý- Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. 40016c4" CORE. Concrete C* 4M Membrane. wer Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. R^S"TIVOIR CAPACITY 1897 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 29/12/1901. On Senaca River, 10 mis from Anderson So bh Carolina. Failed on Sunday 29/12/1901. Completed 1897 to 23ft(6.9m) Gravity masonry Breached by overtonning, complete loss, overtopped by 71-ft(2.2m) of water (Groner says 1902) Twenty feet of height and 10ft of width had been added by anchor bolting Over 25ft wide at bottom. N AI-' 0? 1 !'. POTOSI COL*:T'! iY BOLIVIA

A'rA .

500m T!,.R. c :$7r L5NGTH. n) .

Emb2rL'c: ent Earthfill Pulile TYPE. T.. ý.:? I L. .ý} s, ß}}, 1 C03ý. Concrete Gomova" t'enbraze. No-slaigir

T: 3,"R CF In3 I_TCI') 7T :

Failed 15/3/1636 Bolivia, earthfill 8m x 500m. Several 1000's killed Overtopped

Heritage of Spanish Dams -Sm th tit OF DA°,`.. POWER CANAL DIVERSION DAM COmTTFIY. U. S. A.

HEgEIG;'T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH.

Embanlcnent E art hfi ll puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF CO?IPLL IO?1. RrSE3VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS : Failed 1916. Low weir above Roosevelt Dam on Salt River Project fails under o overtopping flood.

Catalog E. N. May 25th 1916, vol 75 p. 974-975 CCt7!, r."ZT MV7, Or 3.4%. -r),-r-vrrT,

,T7 Enb. Earthfill pti331e n .eat TYPT. Gs ýT lRee?ý!; =; CCC. Concrete . 9e-rerw6e I'enöraZe.

J.. r_Z..R CF cc*" "IC"-. J In3

Failed 1912 Iarthfill in Wisconsin. Overtopped

". Jcatalog

68 IE. N. vol p. 189

--r "ý PRATT FORK CREEK COÜlTTiY U. S. A. MAIM np 1.) AV _ . (m) 6.4m AREA. HCIG-r . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gr #.3' h1ATSRIAL. °.... kfLll CORE. Concrete Ccý, sýcte Membrane. ýTaS O4 er

YIIAR OF COl"MPLETI021. TESERVOIß CAPACITY 1934 m3 IIdCID=NTS : Failed 14/9/1938 Earthfill with concrete spillway constr. 1934 to a ht of 21ft(6.4m) Ohio - Athens Co. Overtopped due to heavy rains, failure destroyed 26 acre fishing Rainbow Lake below.

Engineering 1 -1 & Building Record & Santtary Engineer, vol 209 1889 New York U. S. A. NAI of :)AM. PRoSSERC=. COÜi;Tni. 10.. 5m. FLIG1T. (m). AREA.

(m) 30m, IM.R. CREST LE1 GTH. . -

ant F 41L1'i-1t' Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. a CORE. Concrete 9"44100s Concrete Membrane. at rr ry

YBAR OF COMPLETION., RESTRVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS: Overtopped 30/8/1928 10.5m high corm. gravity dame. 18" thick at top,. 36" thick at base. VERY THIN Spillway gates 5ft wide, 8ft high 60ft high Section long, 30ft at base, and 20ft carried away. - DTAJ.TE 0? JA°?. PMDING'TONE COLII'M2?nY. U. S. A.

AflA. imIG"T. 15.2/m _(m). CREST LENGTH. (m). I4. R.

Earthfill Puddle TYPE. MATMIAL. s-e-i'ti1 COTE. Concrete 47e" 'b Membrane. Other 14else"ry

R7S71VOIR CAPACITY YI3AR OF CO?IPL. ý IO?; . 1926 21.212 m3 INCID:errs : Failed 26/4/1926 while under construction. California near Pomona on 'Talnut Creek. Hydraulic fill with concrete facing nlood occured when dam 54t--t(155.24m) high but blocked outlet Completed 1928. Cap 21.2M cubic metres.

Tesign ht 55m with crest length 820m Emblankment breached, rate of flow 280 cumecs. Control structure final height 135ft, resv. cap. 17,190 acre ft. ICorina 3 miles d/s 31,050 people.

L- - Catalog Lessons from Dare Incidents Justin Gruner ICOLD 1969 E. N. R. vol 96 p. 665013. COmITRY. NAI"TE OF DAM. QUEBRADA Dr LA CT? E U. S. A.

H IG''T_(m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. R^S IVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDE s: Failed 1963 Columbia I America. Natural Lake p 250 killed

c NA1ýJ OF 7A". RAINBOW LAKE COt*"T' Y. U. S. A.

IHIG. (n) Alrr; A. . .

C..:,.. L711_... M. R. _ m.

Embanl.=. ent Earthfill pu331e TYPE. Gravity Roc'-: °i11 Co?>. Concrete Buttress Concrete 1.'.enbra. -ie " Other Masonry

Y1'_R CF CC"°L-"IC". in3 I' CI7 Tl'

RAINBMT LAKE = PRATT FORK.

I NAIVE OF J. RANDALL' S POND COIIh1'RY.

k'RJA. I1EIG"T. (m). 5.18m & 5.49m.

CfTST LEVGTH. (m). 14.R.

Enbanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE ßb7 NAT-RIAL. Rao f1 . coi . Concrete A+r±b± es Con or tbe 2,ienbrane. G+lTe r

YJi R OF CO"PLETIO . R73S71VOIß CAPACI^Y 1816 m3 I"ICI0-'NTS: Failed 11/J/1901. Earthfill - two dams. Upper pond 5.18m high 600ft(182.88m) long 19 acres in area.. Lower pond 5-0m 8 It if It Both dams failed due to overtopping Rhode Island Gruner says failed 1916. On branch of West River, Providence.

{ ALSO CALLED PTOVIT)ETCF .

-^talog E. N. 21/3/1901 vol 45 p. 212 n12. "the Failure of 2 dams at Providence R. I. " by r.!?. ;irownwell. NAha', OF DAP',!. RAPID CITY COtfl TRY. U. S. A.

HEIG, T. (m). AREA.

(m) M. R. CREST LENGTH . .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MSAT^RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

O?J RCSEIVOIR CAPACITY YIBAR OF COMPLETI . m3 INGIDIrrTS: Failed 9/6/1972.

.ý c NMTE OF 'DAAD. RASUL COÜiT1 y. PAKISTAN.

HEIG"T. (m). 2.7m ATS?A.

(m) M. R CREST LENGTH. . "

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATT IAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF C01.1PL IO! T. RTS-71VCIR CAPACITY

1902 m3 zrrCID:NTS: Failed 1929 Built 1902 on Jhelum River, Pakistan Rubble masonry 246ft(75m) of weir washed away-by flood ht 2.7m

Gruner (India) Institute of Engineers vol 40 9 no 129 p30 Gruner Catalog CCL T'ýf. U. S. A. xa:T o^ 3-"". FM, BLAN= CREEK, Imic-I (M) 9m. tý.s. -:!? Earthfill pt; 3i_1e Enba3c .ea: cc-.3'. 7. Concrete Chi=, 7 TYPE . Yenbr=ze. --- es ! elm a0%0%0 f " t rL R C:-, cC--r IC". 1932.

9m high earthfill built 1932

hrimer

COLD L969- NAT, ' OF JIL". WD ROCS. COUI;7. 'RY. U. S. A.

(m) 32m. AREA. HEIL"'T. . (m) 234m T CREST LENGTH. . .R.

Embankr ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATEMIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YTBAR OF CO?'PLEýPIO! T. RrS T VCIT CAPACI^Y 1910 m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 15/7/1910 Built 1910 - under construction ht 106ft(32m) 23. "m lone enrt! ifill u/s lf: 1 with 4 inch thick R. C. slab, d./s 3: 1. Fmbankcment w^c 20m hich, and one of the outlets h,,v been plunge'. to allow partial fillin of resv.. Once fu 1 the inflow w! -2 too larLre and a 30m. section was T'ashel out

i t

L- Cata.-- lo U. 9.73. R. Safety Progrrm. iLessons fro 7)am Incidents. CC17-71' 7tiT CEYLC?J . .a uA 0^ 7t'. RIESEN. -417A.. 1'. R.

Earthfill pti: 331e Enban c-nen± Coat: p_ ete l n^ý^ºTSi.ýý -.cc. TYPE .c asýi=: ý.. .ý Yenbraze. __---s ge'lerst 1! 'C'gCflr f 0

Y7-j': C? CT-71-MC-0 -R m3 494 B. C.

Earthfill-

Catalog. Gruver RDTCO1TDE Bor R NAM OF DM1. ,{, COÜIITRY. URUGUAY.

I IG"T. (m). 36.5m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1170m. t!i. R.

Emit Imo.:: fill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. pý. 11 C012. Concrete B-t Lrs Concrete Membrane. Gtr liememly

OF OT. YDAR C TPLETI O?d . TESTIVOIR CAPACITY 1946 6.651i m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1959 9uilt 1946 to 36.5m high(120ft) and 3839ft(1170m) long concrete dam. Overtopped Res area 282,000 acres, capacity 6.6514 m3 Design discharge 325,000 cusecs, flood in 1959 605,000 eusecs,

On Salsi cedes River - "flee if you can" 21 years of discharge records dictated a design floo-'_ of 325,000 cusecs, whic'i was considered to be a1 in 5 DG, 000 year flood. 6n0,000 In 1959 there was a flood of cunecs , prob of once in a million year flood. Overtopped by 6.5 ft but it held, but took ay I year to repair.

peak design flood 5460 cumecs, average 490 cumecs, actual flood 16800 cumecs, designed for 9500 cumeor of which 1- should have been temporarily stored and discharged through spillway.

rower house flooded and a subsidary clam was breached as a relief measure.

Gruner = Safety in T)am Construction= Die -t fassert"rirtschaft 1966 Gruner C1asfiification of Risk 11th ICOIJD, CCL=''7. U. S. A. NA;'!: 0? t' ROBERTS POND " .

Earthfill Pudlle Ernb=1tZ e't oi-uiro#e . ".. n7711 =.L Reeie! Fi CC?-.

ew 'm

z,,R c, ýý..7177 Ic... Y m3

?Failed 1922 Mass ache sett s. rarthfill --puddled core. Overtopped by flood from upper dam called Fairview. Cascade Failure

i 1

atalog. I S

ROSEIR'M >)AM COM71'11Y NM OF 7A?' . . r_Ir (m) 68m 'Ir-A. }LIG-7T . .

CHEST LMNGTH. (m). 1400m IT. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF CO!!PLEPIO! T. R7S!,3'3VOIß O.WÄCITY m3 I! ITCI7)TTTTCI; Blue Rile - too costly to divert flow of 5700 cumecs Thus u/s P, d/s cofferdam which could be ov rtonned durinC, the flood season Xuly - TTovember. (1) Overtopner? twice f?' 00 curiecs (2) 74,00 cumecs Completed 1966 60m 1^; ??t , th 14,00 m Cap 2,02490009000 cubic metres. spillway cap 17,600 cumecs.

9 i L- - dirt NAlTE OP DAY. ROT IN BADý, d. Comwl . MU'IANY

f1IG'T. (m). 5.5m" A11734.

(m). CI ST LE GTH. b2.R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. berr-by MAT=IAL_ CORE. Concrete Membrane. 04k%--rr Y

YBAR OF COTIPLETIO?T. R^SE'IVCIR CAPACI^Y

1958 500,000 m3 Ii1CIDI1TS : Failed 1969 Wurttemberg Germany Valve of outlet jammed h. broken. Erosion started and dam failed after Released 3 hours. 500,000 cubic metres of waters causing damage IM dollars. Built 1958 5.5m high Valve broke on application of force in late evening, mayor of town personally alerted the inhabitants but they remained unconcerned. Water then escaped through a depression which housed a loc;, l road.

LGruver Gruner - Classification of Risk 11 LCOLD p. 58 ROTIICHILD COM171,17Y. V ATM- nm -) eºT_ U. S. A.

10IG"T. (m). A'ß. 4.

CREST LENGTH. (m). I°. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MtT'_;RIÄL. Roe! -,fill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete 2.ienbrane, Other Masonry

YJAR OF COMPL"E IO?T. RRSTIVCIR CAPACITY

rn3 IIICIMPPTS : ?'ailed /10/1911 On Wisconsin River, Wisconsin 4 mis below [Tausau. Under construction $ washes out in floods in October 1'911. and banks washed out on one side. Damage 5fl-100,000 dollars.

L- j Catalog-- r. I1. vol 68 p. 233 CCL=''T_ U. S RQXBDROUGHRESERVOII . A.. NA0? Dt' " JL1^Y. ri 1ý. 4. c237MLZ.. .,. 1ý... -r Earthfill pullte Enbýý "ent L CC?ý. Concrete C. =7 TYPE. 96 _...: _"_", I'eracr=ze. Ba t t.

rL R OF ccý"-ýý^IC"-. 1893 in3

I: 'C7r777""`': Failed 12/1/1895 Wa$er first pumpeal in on 21/9/1893 Dam of Philadelphia Water Works. Depression in embankment , clay washed away and water escaped Cost 140,000 dollars to rebuild lining Settlement + overtopping I IL

Catalog Justin E. R. Jan 12th 1895 Journal of Electricity OF JA: '. "ADD EL K?LPPLT COM"Il'Iir. T-"YGPrr NAJIIL . " flEzc-m.(M). 12m. AglA. CREST LENGTH. (m). 106m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Roc?: fill CORE. Bono & .e BrA#re A oiro Wie . Otýcr Masonry

YEAR OF CO?M'PL*TIO'?. R"I"37WOI nvAPACI'7Y 2950-2750 B. C. m3 INCIDENTS : u_-(, i he wadi 71 Garawi, 18 miles south of Cairo, discovered by "cht"rcinfurth in 1°025 . I.Iasonry 1)am erected bettrer'n 3rd (°: 4th dynasties between 2950 ". 2750 B. C. Len'-t11 at toi 3^üft(106m) and 2'5ft ^t base (80-77m) i crest hright 40ft(12119m). T', Ac up of 2 separate rub''le dams thick masonry each (50ft at base(2i . 30m) sen. rated by a space of l2')ft(30.5O'n) fý1ler. with random mate 'ial. u/s ": d/s dams contained about 30,000 yd of dry rubble masonry - limestone blocks weiGhinC about 501bs each, laid in steps of lft high on a slope of 3: 4. Use drin': in. - tinter for workmen at an. ýlabaster quarry 2 mile: - "-ast. Capacity /60 acne" 't, catchment 72_ ml TO SPIT-L''AY, failure so impressed en. -ineers that no dams at least of masonry were br_i lt for several thousrnd years. Iwo rubble walls se, ý.r^'. er1 by h1°ft at base and. fil. l_ed? with 60,0n0 tons of material. To run off in this area unless rain exce^ds `qmmbut records indicate 3 ov-* of t! year: the min jr -rcatýr than 10mm and every 1 years there is 20mri in one days. Ten ca- 2011' ft A rainfall of 20mm would fill the reservoir. A rainfall rrerter than 20mm or two lesser falls would overtop - not silted up indicates a short line. Loosely built thus overflow + throu, -,hflow. 'To cut off trench. Oldest dam in the world.

ms iv - Heir e -: ec on . 5- on.n . !; Eng Jan 1958 P"58 2chniller -A short Iiisttry of Dam T:ngineering - "ater Pourer Anril 1967 p, p. 142 Smith A History of Dams. NAI-M OF DAM. SAINT-DENIS COLItITFiY. ALGERIA.

20.5m. AREA. urrr, i-'TP_(m) _ (m) CREST LENGTH. . IT. R.

Hit B earWý .1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rye!,, CORE. Concrete A; 6"""0449- Membrane. Othp Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RrSERVOIR CAPACITY 1845. m3 INCIDENTS:

? ailed 1885 20.5m masonry dam built 1845. Flood wave overtopped 10 deaths. NAME OF DA*,,. SALT RIVý, R DIV"RSION. CcTnITRY. U. S. A. R00S 1, LT DIV', R^IOP1 (m) 4m AREA. HEIG'?T . . . (m) 120m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G- iy MATERIAL. CORE. Concrete B !lea O nt re^be Membrane. C++Mr I eevary

YI3AR OF COMPLETIO?I. RESMVOIR CAPACITY 1905/6 m3 INCIDM ITS: Overtopped 28/1/1916 19miles above Roosevelt Dam on Salt River Isolated location, where observation of its behaviour necessarily limited Thus data on conditions of failure not available. Built 1906, used to divert flow into canal to get power for machinery at Roosevelt dam. Ruble concrete ogee section weir or dam 1$ft(4m) high, and 400ft (120m) long, backed with loose rockfill

ist flood peak i p. m. - earth dam overtopped Boulders 1-2ft in dia. passed over dam.. Boulders, rockfill, gravel cobbles eroded from d/s slope. Built 1905/1906 SATT IL1)EFNSO COM71IRY. NAME OF DAr/ . P?T: XIC0. (m) 8m AREA. HEIG77. .

CREST LENGTH-(m). 500m. M. R.

Embanlcnent E i+1 Puddle TYPE. E rity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORD.. Concrete A± '-em" 4e Membrane. O Iter 7AMVITTJ

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. R?:S33VOIß CAPACITY

In3 INCIDENTS : Failed 15/3/1626 Bm high, 500m long dam containing 95M gallonti. Took 2 hours to empty. 4000 killed in Potosi, 2 miles away

ALSO Earth from Weiss - Construction Techniouer for Overtonninr Dams.

had 36ft 1070 Dam reached on 2/8/1939 when flood. of cusecs . On flood of 8000 11/9/1939 3000 Ithrough cusecs on of whoch cueecs passed diversion tunnel. Neither flood caused damage because of mesh of 1' bars at 1" spacing. 'Then *mesh ; was removed and a flood on 3/10/19? 9 took 7'00 cubic metres i of rock away.

Smith - History of Dams. Review Rudolph - Ceogranhical v^1 26,71o. '1. October 1936, n. 529,554. SANTA D MIE OF DA-. CATALINA COrIn;TI'FnY. ?I? FXICO.

(m) 15m. AR: A. FLIG"'P . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). Y. R.

Embank- ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT^RIAL. Rockfill Coal,. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

'MAR OF CO?.IPLLPIO! T R73S71VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCID--TITS:

at. Lcu .3.7 vv Mexico. Durango , Gravity masonry dam + rubble, with independant spillway, - nod intended to be overtopped. Inadequate spillway. to (i. 15m up spiliway e. repth) - overtopped by 30 cms. Waste weir 59ft lone. Iam cost 63,000 dollars. aue 1 life lost to rrarninc by farmer

1__Catalog r. °T. 23/10/1906, vol 96, p. 427 NM1 OF A. SANTELLE COtI Tny. U. S. A. SA!,PPELLE ArflA HDIG-TT.(M). . CREST LENGTH. (m). I,M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT TRIAL. Rockfill MM. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YTJ.4R OF CO?'PLC IO?, . R^S7'1VOIß CAPA 017Y m3 zrrCI1Trrs:

see 9'EPULVIDA CA11YON.

Catalog. CCt 72 T. INDIA xa: ý o^ ý;: ". SARDAR SAGAR

ski - (ri). 16m

Earthfill Pu le Embaý. ent CC?ý. Concrete I'er braze.

I '.. r

Y:I'R CF CC =LA"IC". 1961 47,500,000

I_'C D77.

Failed Built 1916,16.2m high, overtopped Sardar On Sagar Canal, resv. can. 47.51-1 cubic metres. No. Spilltiray

i COMMIRY. NAIIE OF JAM. SCHAEFER U. S. A. (m). FLIG"T. 30.48m. AREA. (m). CREST L'NGTH. 335.28m. IT. R.

Embankment Earthfill } }}}t, TYPE. C #.. MATERIAL. Reck y fir . COR2. Concrete Bw"owm O'e"r'o4e l resfee. Other c. y

YBAR OF C0?MIPL" ITIO^'. WM71VOTR -CAPACITY 1911 m3 INCID ITS: Fl failure 5/6/1921, Earth + timber, conc, core on Beaver Creek River, Colorado. Tit 100ft(30.48m), lath 1100ft(335.28m) 9 built 1911 Overtopped in flood 1921, pueblo of over central 21.7m - empty within l hrs, could have been due to settlement Spillway capacity 1076 cumecs. Freeboard 10ft, failure when 4.5ft in freeboard. Cap. 3852 acre ft. Nearest town Hobson 100 people 12 mis away

O nt alo-

"OLD Lessons from ')am Disasters. '. 1r. R. vol 919 p. 731 1/11/1923 TJ3GS "a ter Supply Paper No. 4,97 NAI.JE Or ! )AM. 3CHETECTADY COWill RY U. S. A.

(M). lOm. AREA. IM,! G--T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 45.72m. 1". R.

Embanlcnent Eart hfi ll Puddle TYPE. C+rerrs47 h1AT::RIýL" °opkf=1 CORE. Concrete Rvvk-bFT 0""Pc Membrane. (*bmr NU

YBAR OF COI'PL7 IO?T. RTSý, IVOIf '. '1PACI^Y m3 IPTCIDXPITS : Failed 2011011916. Schenectady, New York. Earth dam 10m high - said to be 3rd failure Top width varied from 10-15ft with u/s & d/s slopes of 1: I. Timber core wall, which was indifferently continuous sheeted and not continuous. No spillways and the only outlet to the pond was through a wooden gate on a 61, pipeline. At the timen very heavy rains were in progress and the waste gate was left down. Failure due to overtopping linsufficient spillway capacity Crest length 150ft(45.72m)

talog Yustin - Barth Dam Projects. F. P1. vol. 76 p. 817. NAHE OF 7ATMt. SCHOFIT.,'LD COMMIllY. _, U. S. A uEIG"-T. (m). 7.92m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (M). M. R.

Embanient Earthfi ll Puddle TYPE. G~44y MATERIAL. Reearfi-i1 CORE. Concrete B"44re"s Membrane. T it

YIIAR OF COM'PLE IOIT. RT=ý 3VCIIi CAPACITY

1925-1926 m3 I! TCID'-7TTS : Failed 21/5/1928 Built 1925-26 26ft(7. )2m) earthfill u/s 3: 1, d/s 1.5: 1 Comnactio 6" layers with 10 ton smooth roller

also Failed 24/7/1912 2.4m high timber dam ýOn Eau Claire River with 350fi105m) Overtopped

vol 68 8/8/1912 Catalog NA7'ý" OF SCOFIELD. COLrT_';1Y . U. S. A.

u^Tr. (ý, 1 21.36m A'f^a. -T+_ _ (r1) C'ýý°.T L5''.TGl9. .

Embanºc^.ent Earthfill wie TYPE 4Srr441 1. ^':? I YI, -? x-11 CORE. Co: . .? ic'ete DrrýCes 6enresýeiýº s . ý}"cr

Y7].R CF CC"PL-''IC". m3 I''C I'),? Pr :

Failed 1925 70ft (21.36m) high earthfill with R. C. core Insufficient freeboard.

4 NM.M 01? JA,,. SCOTT FALLS CoT.rnTTrf. CAMAY)A.

(m) 15m. AREA. IEIG-7 . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcaent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. -fm -', CORE. Concrete Th1+ as Concrete Membrane. T ear.

OF C0? YBAR TPLMi I0?; . RrS : 'IVOIf CAPACITY 3 1921. 301-1 I" T ETA rn-nTT(ý _

Failed 1923 1F1 failure On I"ichipicoter River, earthfill + concrete gravity dam built 1921 to a height of 49ff(15m) Overtopped & repaired.

90m, section concrete,. 300m earthfill section on East end, 220m earth I'Teat section on end. Released 302M1 from dam cubic metres of water Log Falls '2 kms u/s. Failure immediately raised water to 2.5m over spillway & 0. Sm over 60-120m 'earthfill - rapilly eroded at 3 locations wide openings were cut up to 10m below original ground level.

Catalog ICOLD Lessons from Dam Incidents Gruner ICCLD Committee Report 8/66 ICOLD 1969 CCLf7$ iT. NAI' 0? DA". SEW AR SYRIA.

All"iA. 6m"

(T, C212 T LE'IGTH. "

pct Bin l Puddle 1': J? I L. II CQ'3. Concrete TYPE. Gravity -_^ , $eleer se 2 enbrane . t: asonx7

YMR CF CC'*?T-=C". m3

I"CI77'F! 'S :

Overtopped Oronte River, Syria Masonry gravity Ht 20ft(6m)

ý. CATALOG ------GRU R------GRUTTER- Inspected by E. Gruner 1960 SEEFIELD COU?1 iT uer*r,a1 ru _J n. + ')3IP*_ . U. S. A.

ATr. A. IG''i. (m)" 39m

Ct$T L5"iG'"`?.

Ernbanic^ent Earthfill Puddle T l_1ý_ 1! 1'J ý fA i'i`ý7 . ýlL _eTý co. .1 Concrete TYPE. C: "y 9ýereesý#.e Yenbrane.

Y1`R OF CO"PE IC". JJ V... ý/. l J.. In3

Failed 1925 130ft high earthfill Utah

a NAITE OF DA'!. SE, POR coulrTrRy. irwDOrrE ZA. . . HEIG! T. (m). 53.5m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 228m. M. R.

Embankment Bwrti==i Puddle TYPE. 9v&w4; byk MAT^RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Bab b!f ss to Membrane. Gbh---V Heree"ry

TIM OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

1965+ 76M m3 INCID:, S: Failed 1/12/1967 On Progo River Indonesia. Lack of funds caused work to stop in 1965 A flash flood from the monsoon rains breached the unfinished rockfill dam in 1967. 200 people killed. On Dyatinegara River, near Gombong in Central Java. Rockfill 175.5ft(53.5m) high, 748ft(228m) long. 61,600 ft 761.2 acre cubic metres - irrigation dam. Nippon-Koey(tokyo) Engineers - under construction by Indonesian Gtvern. per W. R. 1965 160 dead, hundreds of houses, railroads, and telephone system washed out.

Catalog Classification of Risk -'Gruver 11th Icold. E. N. R. '7/12/1967 p. 16 E. N. R. vol 74 P. 357 OF DA!! 5M:1',TPOR COMTTRY. NMIE . it or {.ý iA. (m) AREA. imIG, T. . 53.5m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 228m. IMZ.R.

Embankment HEtbhfi-l-l Puddle TYPE. r MATERIAL. Ro ckfi ll CORE. Concrete gras O onere#-e Idenbrane . 041ver Maeensy

Y IAR OF COP"IPLET ION . RESE'3VOIR CAPACITY 1965+ 76M m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1/12/1967 On Progo River Indonesia. Lack of funds caused work to stop in 1965 A flash flood from the monsoon rains breached the unfinished rockfill dam in 1967. 200 people killed. On Dyatinegara Rivers near Gombong in Central Java. Rockfill 175.5ft(53.5m) high, 748ft(228m) long. 61,600 acre ft 76M cubic metres - irrigation dam. by Indonesian Gtvern. Nippon Koey(tokyo) Engineers - under construction per W. R. 1965 160 dead, hundreds of houses, railroads, and telephone system washed out.

Catalog Classification of Risk -"Gruver 11th Icold. E. N. R. 7/12/1967 p. 16 E. N. R. vol 74 p"357 NAIVE OF PULVTDPCANYON COMTTnnY. U. S. A.

m IG? T_(m). 20m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment E arthfill TYPE. Go"4 MATERIAL. ' ? ±ý1 CORE. Concrete boas 0-onareie Via. O rte. Y

C0? I OTN YTIAR OF IPLET . RrSý'tVOIR CAPACITY 1914 m3 INCID= S: 5,568,000 cubic ft. Failed 21/2/1914. Earthfill with R. C. Core 2ft thick. California. 6 ft(19.81m) Built 1914-- F1 failure On Los Angeles River, 1 mile from Los Angeles, pop 2,809,1-0T 1688 acre catchment. Soft shale foundation. Fl failure ! Most of earthfill brought to within a few feet of corewall but some more than 9ft below. Both slopes 11: 1 : arthfill dilt + debris+ earthfill, Small spillway provided but badly constr&cted so a notch 26ft deep P& 12ft wide cut in corewall near centre to act as spillway, thus water passed over core and d/s fill. Speed of flood cased by break 12 ft/sec, 8.5 mph. Cap 5.568,000 ft 2,900,000 cubic ft in first 6 mins lowering resv 10ft the rest took 33 minn. Design violated at least 4 rules of design. 1. unstable core 2. improper fill 3. insufficient spillway capacity 4. inoperative Cates.

Catalog Justin Lessons ICOLD. E. R. vol 741 p. 357 E. Td. vol 77 CCL------ý-= U. S. A. xaT or .)1". SKRBURný IL-17A. fý, l 10.36m. Lý.v-"Tý-: L, %... I ._ 97.44m Earthfill Pulle Enbanl-. ert I,. eýi CC?ý. Concrete TYPE Gstw+ -7 """ý^ýT; ee? . ge "ate remaraze. Mmaspbob, s O;. tT

Y"ý"_R -ý m3 1892

Failed 3/9/1905 Built 1892 in New York Ht 34ft(10.36m) Lgth 300ft(97.44m) Overtopped; inadequate spillway: upper dam of two. Cascade failure to Lower Sherburne. i' see SHFRBURNE - iTOR!rYICH'

Gruner E. Y. vol 54 p. 2741 14/9/1905 ICOLD 1969 NAJ"T OF 'A. ". SHORT CREEK c OMIMIRY U. s. A.

(m) AREA. M, 12-7 " " 17m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). T'1.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ct- viby MATERIAL. Roc?: fill CORE. Concrete t Sant, te Membrane. Otlxe r ; Iasomxj;

R73STIVOIT-1 TACI^_Y Y1AR OF COTIPLEP I O'T . C, 1939 M3 I1ICID7TTTS : Failed 16/5/1939 57ft(17m) high earthfill in Arkansas. Earthfill + rockfill Overtopped. during construction.

PARIS + SHORT CREEK ?

Catalog E. N. R. vol 122 SIG COLT.=R=' ALG RIA NAIT" 0^ DA" . -- ,, 21m. AÄrA.

ýbýent Puddle Concrete TYPE. Gravity CO23. 8eftSV84 I: enbr ne. t: ß;., r asonr'f

Y2 R CF CC"7L7"IC". 1845 m3

I"CI7-""_"O:

Failed 1885, overtopped Fl failure Algersua gravity masonry, built in 1845 to a ht of 69ft(21m) on earth foundation.

I NAT"tEOF JA' ITHACA COUI;TItY. U. S. A. . SIX MILE CRTEC IMIG--T. (M). 4.5m

(m). CREST LENCTH. I, .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle r'AT^RIAL. Rockfill TYPE. Q. -&vi CORE. Concrete 34444"Os Cenere4e Membrane. Otto-r P:accaw

Y13AR OF COi'_PLETI0r1. RTSTTIVOIR C,IPACI^Y 1905 m3 i! TCID TS: Failed 21/6/1905 New York near Ithaca. 15ft(4.57m) high rolled earth dam failed due to inadequate spillway capaci, ty. Catchment 10 square miles, resv area 50 acres, res cap 3100 acre ft, built 1905 Ithaca 1 mile away 9 26,226 people - sig. hazard.

} Catalog Safety Program I r. r;. vol 53 29/6/1905 p"693 NAMM'nOF DAFT. SOUTH FORK. COÜIITIlY. U. S. A. itDIG"'T. (m). 23m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 283m. I,S. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIL R OF COMPLETIO! 1. R' SERVOIR CAPACITY

1852 m3 IITCID"ITS:

ALSO CATLED JOHN TOWN? Earth on Conemaugh River. Failed 31/5/1889,930ft(283m) long, 75ft(23m) high, crest width 10-12tt (3.36m) impervious , cross section, paved u/s , rock & gravel sand fill on lower half. No core or puddle of any kind. Built 50 yrs earlier for state canal - abandined in 1857, patched in 1879 for fishing Overtopped club. . There was a lowering and dishing of the crest, closure of a pipe tunnel outlet, and obstruction of the spillway, 2280 killed. Pr#perty damage greater than 3M dollars. Dam only cost 167,000 dollars. Damage re. Biswas 100x3 dollars. Water passed over the crest for 3-1 hours then water fell ? Om in minutes. Spillway filled with shrubbery.

Built in 1853 for a reservoir feeder to Pennsyvania Canal in July 1862. A culvert gave way owing to some imperfection of the foundation. Depth of water at the time was about 40ft, all of which discharged with the exception of 8ft, but owing to the substancial chrracter of the dam leakage was slow and very little dam., ge was done. 1862- 18PO empty Reconstructed . 1880 & lowered by 2-3ft Fatal mistake of leaving low pla ce or sag in dam. Another mistake was fish screen on blocked with shrubbery. Overtopped 65 over 400ft , washed out. Resv. area acres, a average depth 30ft and capacity 5,000 11 gallons. Catchme t 60 square miles, u/s 2: 1, d/s slope had light rip rap, top width 20ft. No core wall. Great storm over 20,000 square miles of Pennsylvania. N.tid 2.47" ýl. E /5.46" South Fork.

Sw. 3.06,7.811, S. E. Report of the Committee on the Cause of Failure of South Fork Dam. PASCE Trans 1891 , vol 21, p. 431. Classified_Review earth Dam & Reservoir Failures :. N. 47 566 of . vol p. Biswas '- C, atterjee Dimensions Dam Safety ?eater POwer 1971, 446 - od , p. Civil Enginnering Sept 1952 p. 118 Grater Power Dec 1971 p. 447 Gruner Die 11 sserwirtschaft 56 11 vol 1,1966 Notable ^ailüres of the Past ý.`NRI vol 100 p. 472 PASCT.,june 1901 p. 431. E. R ne 8th 15th 1889 P. I. C'C. E. vol 106, p. 364 & vol 132 p. 268 SOUTH FORK.

30ft of flooding in Johnstown. Actually on-ly 8ft of freeboard, as after bre;, ch in 1880 it was only raised to 70ft high.

1 Eye witness report says: after hr little gullies over the furrow out in the crest (see thesis). Breach 420ft at top, 50-200ft at base, 90,000 yd3 of material eroded. In its original design the heightv, vof the water during the storm would have been 8ft above crest of spillway(2.2ft MI OW crest ) but original design was to have a waste-weir of 150ft, but the final form was only 70 ft effective width.

The huntinC & fishing club repaired the breach of 1862, took out 5 no. 24 inch lowered aft sluices, the crest and put gratings in the spillway to prevent the escape of fish. NAM OF DAT. SPARTANSBURG. COMIMly. U. S. A.

(M). 3m AREA. FMIG7T . CREST LENGTH. (m). 55m M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. &r-.! eby MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Biý.t4. ~s 9"zrcret e Membrane. Qbker 1'. Ui

YBAR OF COM.IPLETIO! . RTS13,3VOIR CAPACITY In3 INCID TrTS: Failed 4/6/1892 180ft (54.86m) long lOft(3m) high earthfill + rockfill dam with centre sheet piling for 150ft(45.72m) only. Reservoir lz miles long &1 mile wide 30ft(9.14m) was carried away. No spillway other than a small flume - overtopped On South Pocolet River in Penn.

Z0140 17/ U/ 17vc VU1 41 IL (S, 1T* S. A. C227 U. )A SPAUDLING POND MA,, a-, . t Ir, "^. (M). 6m. ..

Earthfill rui? le Emb2','C ent . ý ; '"I; 1'. ^ý°°?rzý cc Concrete TYPE. Ca. 17 ... . "wi O Vecabr2ie. . -s a oFOte " -tizr

v_ R-. e-J-- Tý1C T_ -s .. -ýä .t"n.--, J . m3 1853 I'm Failed 6131963 Earthfill, Norwich Conneticut Built 1853 to 6m high. Overtopped 12 deaths. - Nonlich, In Mohegan P ark adjacent to city of at elev. 244ft, drains into R. Thames estuary(at sea level) at junction of Yantic & .ý Shetucket Rivers. Dam 1 r" mile from city, 2 rnls from Thames. Earth + rockfill 20ft high, constr 1853, cap 45M gallons. 1'larch Failed 9.30 p. m. on §th 1963 during heavy rains. 3 million d dollars worth of damage, used from 1906 for recreation.. Cut stone rip-rap on u/s face. 40ft wide crest

No spillway 9 just some kind of sluice through base to feed Mill-race Orig. use for power to furniture & wood turning plant.

1 f

I ;'

. 4 COUwr'fY. NA1.11:OF DJLM. SPLJYTEN DUYVIL U. S. A.

(m) 1.2m. AREA. HEIG'Pr . . CREST LENGTH. (m). 107m. T,I. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill Coro. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

MBAR OP COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACI'Y m3 IITCID=S: Failed 1893 New York, earth embankment 4ft(1.2m) high lgth 350ft(107m) Overtopped - wind + flood caused rise of 12ft and overtopped two dams.

see HARLEM RIVER i s NAL*V' M]'. ST MAURICE RIVER COLrT'ZY. U. S. A.

A'rA .

(ni. C?3rT LEND .

Earbwticrwwt Earthfill Puddle TYPE'. Gven* y r: I L. Ro cl-. i 11 COR2. Concrete Concrete 2:erabrane. 0 Other Masonry

YT: R CF CO"FLr'^.'IC". m3 I': CIT. "IT'S:

Cofferdam, 130ft destroyed Failure 10/5/1939

. -- ý

------

ýý1

-ý..,ý .ýý, eý., Hýý cotriT_''tr. NM! OF DA".. STAUNTON. U. S. A. A'f^3.

C2']: T I.I. R.

EnbmLk ent Earthfill Pu331e TYPE. Gravity MUTTI L. Roc_cfi11 CO.3'--'Concrete Buttress Concrete Z'ecabrmne. + Other I. asonry

YM R CF CC"°L-'^IC". In3

P.: CI7 .*1T-

STAUNTON = STAUTON = L3? IS CREEK.

ý: ý. aar". ný. v! lra Y..,, ý. Ora-. 'yý, M. atýi4'a .. . n. - '. ýwywPingYýi (3C +1EýtaKtWý: -`wý, r Sh"-" - a1s'äý: +4'. a. ýStý'. 'k+4e: ý}. ' , .., COLMTRY. NAIT OF OA'.'. WBIACO ITALY

F_IW. 50m. Ar-. A.

=3.. Embenicent Earthfill Pu331e TYPE. Gravity Roc!: °i11 CO.32Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YTR CF CC'"PL-"IC".

circa 60 in3 I: 1CI0^! rr : Failed 1305, built circa 60 Ht 50m, false maintenance, overtoppd8.

r vsxt. 'ryN x. . a . yA. ý1ý_ rtý .r, U. S. Aý CCý SUTHERLAND NA;M or ý1'"

SIC-,,, (m), 18m. lßs

Earthfill R: 331ea + n CC?ý. Coac: e e I: TYPE . te enbrýze.

R:. c C? ý Y,: R m3 1940

Failed 18m 'high _1942earthfill built 1940 Overtopped

i 1

P. A. S. C'. R. vol 93 _

1 v am. nip Twl. S'WT=MATER COUi1TRY. U. S. A.

(m) 34m AREA. MIGf'T. . "

CREST LENGTH. (m). 115m. II. R.

Emabawiiment Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rook l CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. &o in

YDAR OF COMPLTION. ICSETIVOIR CAPACITY 1888. m3 flTCID-ErrTS: Failed 17/1/1895 /1916 and

San Diego California. Concret dam, 113ft(34rn) high, 380ft(115ra) long Overtopped

1895 - spilled for 2 days at 21" deep, u/s 3: 19 d/s 2: 1, crest width 16ft Cap 18,100 acre ft.

1916 T2 failure inadequate spillway capacity Partial failure.

Sweetwater River varies from 1-2 cusecs in summer to 1000 cusecs as a freshet. 60ft to 98ft. Built to ' heightened 5 ft freeboard.

Chula Vista 4 miles away ' 73,100 people.

U *" *. LP OAL Schuler Gruner E. R. vol 72 p. 225 Catalog. NAflB OF D. MlIFT COLIi1TRY. U. S. A.

(m) 58m. AREA. HEIGý'T . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 225.55m" III. R.

ErZbanlcnent k#s31 puddle TYPE. Gaae,4W MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Membrane.

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACI^Y 1914.37M m3 INCIDENTS: Failed June 1964 189ft(57.6m)high ' 740ff(225.55m) long rockfill built 1914 Montana 2 on Birch Creek, Water topped u/s conc. blab facing and rapidly washed away d/s rock and compacted earthfill Washed out minutes afster water topped spillway. Contained 270,000 yd of fill, resv storage 30,000 acre ft.

Flood induced by a landslide which on its, way to the Missouri River washed out 25 small reservoirs and diversion dams. u/s 1-: 1. F1 failure Rockfill + earthfill Cap 37 M cubic metres. 30 miles West of Valier, Montana. Owner Valier Land & Water Co.

E. N. R. 18/6/1964 p. 63 E. N. R. vol 174 p. 49 11/2/1965 E. N. R. vol 173 P"32 20/8/1964 Gruver I Die Wasserwirtschaft vol 56 1966 TABIK N Aýý 0? DA '. ALGERIA. =(m). 25m.

cýý-ý Lý.r': ^s. («). t;. s. Enbai Earthfill PuIIle c .ent TYPE. Cam=; / Concrete Bat-ire" 6eýrerýt. e Membrane. % CLiTi

Y"MR cF cc. "`t rrc' , 1876 m3

Failed 1865 or 1890 Algeria. EartIsfill 82ft(25m) high. constr 1876. Al failure during started construction - complete abandonment. Discharge of flaod outlets insufficient. l i'

I ICOLD 1969 Mallet - Barrages en Terre p. 19 COMITHL NM C OF MIT. TALLAHASSEE or TALLASSEE U. S. A.

HEIC; 'T. (m). 18.6m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 55.38m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. geftAt y XATERIA] L. Rockfill CORE. Concrete lut remis e Membrane. &Wber tliasonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. ROST'RVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID'.! NTS: Failed 28/12/1901. Alabama. on Tallapoosa River, Tallassee. Upper & lower dams washed out in flood.

Upper Rockfill, 18.6m high, 55.38m long Lower dam washed out. NAME OF DAIT. TELLURIDE CC=TRY. U. S. A.

FrIG"T. (m). 9.14m ARM.

CR?nT LENGTH. (m). 182m. I". R.

Embankment Earthfill e TYPE. G-y YAT flIAL" Rockfill corn. Gerne e nws Oerre reib e 1.!t»ß,. -",,x, 'a1lMIy 1. OtireT .i

RrSýýVOIR ":PACITY YB R OF COIPL PTO's. 1894 rn3 I? 'CID-Mri S:

Overtopped /9/1909 Power Co. Trout Lake. Colorado, San Miquel Co, Telluride ' Earth + rock, no core, constr 1894 to 30ft(9.14m) and lgth 600ft(183m) Insufficient spillway capacity This was the middle dam of 3, u/s timber dam crib structure was over

topped causing flood - cascade failure.

Groner

E. R. vol 60 p. 476 !Colorado State Eng. <. i. eL ý,. i r ý" ß, "'. , y't y'"`"'. "`- f+. A gis; v"F .,, ,:"5, t' w S'hýt>'3,, i, '\_...... : `s. =6±Ft.+r' '`ý a s';ý "M1lw""",c '. ý'ý. x3ý. ', S'

' G; 3: F.. ' :. "', rr `. ^ya; a. ice -ýlý %rýa. ' "f r. r-.! ý- . . ;.... ýý`a . ".K. R. "'aýf (y k , ý,. ', " > 'ei'sn"""^y ,, ä" a; GTu. 2. _ ar 'ýr+is, w'i r,. i`r .i LE ý" pW, 's; 'ý"ýr;, ý_ y"- }r, K, : ý. Y. +' x`..,'ý}, ya. gip.,, ma' . , ,. F' v, ',. _ ,-_ .. ýý"" -, -ý"'. -- ý' Earthfill Pud31e .. LT L. Roc! C03E. Conc_ete .`" tTZ'ý'Y"ý. j .. ý; '. I; ý'ý'ý il .i,.. sya'rira-' " -fi11 - Z'." , aº Wi ? Yr_mat i+" "ý erzbra-'le. -`ýýýyj"}fi 3': `tf Concrete "_ ýt, . ``'p,,. t^+ ".: b" xs. <, w+ý-_F.. 'T`ýý? .. --r " J': ý1 asonry i`" f.. h' ýE+; ice'! Other. t_ ; ' + 'j,:" ý: "f' ',. ate`}'a. r=`. äß ej; wr; : ".T 4" .: _ -de's _-Z`xt',

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"ý'''i wýr s, `y' ' 33cq `r `- ýxr c" Yiz rMt"t. Yf {, } iM `.'ý. s, r; k`t'; 1Y' ltyar'., «a ""r ' :" "M1',"ir t`' a" : ß, Y. `, ýt4;..r. ; t "'. ea rXý ý; r"n 'td's` r. r'&a: _: . `k+ 7., "_ _ -a, +r ": cri! 1. `ý''.'. . .. r a ... ` - Y c ~ : )w, -. i, `k 'ra,. "u. ý r'-, Ir- ': ý`_, S., r, ý"' ;J cls.,'ý. ±:; 'f: 3i ý'_' t-a. +.: <" ý%""h`', 'ý1. '`t!. : c"< d`Sìc. ,'t; ' `Y-ý r> ?. rh'; :" _'"f +"ý>' r"",Wi'e' ` , ýtl -, tc "x°`.v.: ?, ý. T;,'ý : yr 53.. , t{ -Y' s'ý - i,. «',..::, ". "st.. ' x, i"->a".'' '*" ýi., ii i " ý ,^ , e.: ý ' + 1, - ^- 'd': f " FM'.' %.. ''{; "' -; ý`' " i; aý et ': " 6 . r`tý yFth ýý,,rý ý f,. °. J'I ="v. #: .iýv: " ,ý., . '4'ý `ý ýr in'. Y...ar, .'- wt; f, _ ý. ,,, ", --'"' "'1',, ': t' r' t, N' ý'C 2: '. :. ý' C. Y:, ' a, ,. Ai,. j, ý"eyF""a. °, "s itý. `ý' h, t `f:, : 'y,, r `'A,` irk. "'a°y# "ý ý, ý"ý ý...; ýra.: výr-ý`n --'4 "Fà 'ý, r. 1asV ný ý" ?: ". Y"ý". na . 'f: t^_'ý" Y- '"'ý; rW`xr, r. f" , "rt, Xi'".: h`" ý, `"rý ri'.!: e. . dý`' `"%. y_ - ., rw -1 ",.., . t: is ° "t t"t. i5 : a. ýi " a;.. ý.. aý i! "A'=f°. Y ,. a. s. " i "24.. T . -. "". ' ý : +,A" Fr. "` . ý:: -yy. - '">wq _fF.`ý", '-^k.'l: 'ý:.. 'r -c -+,. ".,ý,, L' F,.,, ý`. -" s' {`"Y'»:., s Z s.. ,; ý'7 °`ý' ä;. pxT.'7 yi r. ,.. 's`r: ý'' . 1< ^+ ; '. ýr, "e' s t F"J'ýii.: y, "y ,, " in_r-a_ >'-iFýr; e .: ". r ýi"'1 ., =r .: dfia+tl. "9, . __"" 'R'. . rs.. 'yý.. +! '`' : i ix-f-... -. ac. %-:Y: sc;, wf "s.: r-ý`t 'zýtý t. - yi''w':? w': -' r t"ý `rif-, j'yw`. "7`'.. zt't 'y`.'s: ` nI<`,: . '. w4 y ý9a'^Lýk`, ,_fy, J;, . w"ý; ..; , i. r'. v''. v:.:. lý' A, Jl; l, '1. I: '".; aý'"' F" '"" _ . 1, 1 !. ": ee. 0. ...; DY" 'iý _?;. . a<" rh F`"x a"ý-_'Ck>, r_'..Yi i^ : .. 5'. v. "_, +ry`'' _"ý. ,,. x t'. ,.: "äf o `°=-c: ýi "Yý>,. 1 ast.: a ý. _'N ar`'' +'e' ' výý ii` "r ""'"r vr'ý'v +°'tr f: 43 ý: fùý.: 9`: 'ir+t"f' *"`, r ý, ýý4. y*; d`" +f, tri w(ý Set«: 5; %", ,4 c. w-er. `6 t. 4t`, `, º` c;; ed", r. 'b, ý''b', t:. ". v. ; Ji l iM, }i. r ` , ,aý,., s f it'}'f; ý -'t-' ý: "w . ý, r",ý"CZ:, r - u: ý"ý'£("S y,; ' ý `, -'K"`s' ,- ý- J T" '- -. w ",. `v Gt hk "_. +.t, jva+ ,,.,; =' : >r ", ai. ' ýrý 'ý .ti -' "- 'f i-, 'mar n ,, .} fý, ix, ý.. ,ý,., . 3,: .'. `. 1', ` ^`,, : ý'Sw 6, kr'ty "<5'_"' ý'v ý`';, a: r i4.... i", i'. i" 'r' : ".. _: t pr', ý" sH n, s., Ar. ir «. '1>.; "L'S'ný `kA 'rý><`wý'a ' ýt'_.. ý. r -4. :. fý' ýi r 2., , ''yef. <,. *. e'", `-s, ý_"`ý,, "t v'"$. r', ,r , y _d, ^`y, '.p. '''Y: ' in: KT: ' tia; iiýx: `yj^7;;°ý. Y, jý'ý. i_-'är'ý{"ay" 'c4t'".: "ýpýý': '°v i.:. ý: '°_t'39 "g,. ryv,,; 't `:. ýik: ý; _ ty ýýý"_, 'ý ý ý'` '.', i%re: ý, +i:? 'ý;a"! ýýtý": ',i°'T +: ý3"L.. !.: Tid. `+,,, "x £, . +aa,.; -^t>týý{1ýýý¢ +. Sl:. ý'1.. "c'fF;:. ý+t""ax. ", +t; r, ._ `"; tc ý+` ý". "t'`'`t; ": ý ' ,y aý a L".. - : $r-`;: ýa. S^'. ýreý -, r fý°'S'' ', V;, e '1r" ;: gt t. " :, >d 6, t'i'w'L. C,ny ýt aw¢,,. a-` ý: 4.1? " t", ý`"ý ei, "; i +ý 'ýY _ :. :, " r. "y, N . f; x;: '? My" Z"'"ffi "- se' <``. 5. ' ý `, Aß, 6{. t^"ý'dtikd.:. , ". 41. i4x T`. ->'.; ra`,! '_ '.,. a_w »rv. :_? 1ti. rvi eix, t.. :, '4'; ý. 5'" w";.. "., . rr", ti. ý. >5. v. "... ,ý;? `'tr-'. .:: _`. . -w-^ . _°_., _ _. -, _ NAI.IE OF DANN. THROTTLE COiIFMY. NET? MEXICO.

HE(m). 23m. AREA.

C1EST LENGTH. (m). 320m. I'T.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 9s-Ttby MATERIAL. Rß_1 CORE. Concrete O IWA4vass ,re Membrane. O+iarer 3iao. nr7

YBA,R OF COMPLETIOIT. RES VOIR CAPACITY

191$--1914 291009000 m3 INCIDyNTS: Failed 22/4/1942 New Mexico, on Una do Garto River, nr. Raton, New Mexico. Earthfill 75ft(22.86m) hight 1050ft(320.04m) long. Owned by W. B. Renfro. Overtopped but did not fail. Built 1912=1914 Freeboard 8 ftv d/s 13-: 1, u/s 21,-: 1. Crest width 25ft Compacted in 8" layers, m/c supplied from hoses, medium plasticity % clay, high lime content IL- 37: PL=18, D50* 0.007, of clay 42% 12" of rip rap on u/s. 3-6" of hand placed rip rap -dhn d/s. 12ft key to3foundation. Cap 2.1 Nm Irrigation. 40 d/s 393 hazard. Maxwell, miles ' people . low / NAI.m OF DA!!. TIFFIN MOHAWK. COU1ITFtY. U. S. A. 5.4m. AREA. H, IG, 'T_(m) - (m) 122m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlanent Earthfill 11 TYPE. 6+ievi± Y MATERIAL. R ekidi con. .^.::.::::. 2 As llmýoft

YDAR OF COTIPL:. IO T. P=.. VOIR CAPACITY 1913 m3 INC IDIPPS:

Failed 1913 & 2/ f1915 l8ft(5.4i) high, 400ft(121.92m) long earthfili. Leakage & overtopped: 1913 Originally a timber spillway which proved too small., as the flood of 1913 March washed out a considerable Insection. In 1914 repaired with no compaction. order to provide an ample fence spillway the fill was covered with a 4" layer of concrete with d/s,, & By this wire reinforcement. Cone covered u/s , crest. arrange b,: lieved that they had the whole dam a spillway -ment the designers made Concrete facing soon showed signs of settlement - cracking. In Jan 1915 leaks showed through out off. On Feb 1st there was high 3water which overtopped the structure - failed due to seetlement and overtopping. Tiffin Ohio Mohawk Fishing Club Dam. ýNear I - No core j Sandusky River Tiffin 1 mile d/s , 21,596 people. As soon as fill placed concrete spread.

Gruver Justin - Earth Dam Projects. E. N. vol 73,10/6/1915 U. S. B. R. Safety Program. CC:-T''ýY ISRAEL. TOM " xa;Z o^ i1".

1";.R.

Earthfill R: 331e E r%býnk:. ea: Concrete wee===rte CC?". TYPE C9aui-7 2":ecacraze. --'- gse. 6.ý " gete.r

Y7-j:.R C-74CC: *7! 7'1C*: * m3

I"CIS '""°.

Overtopped. Earthfill --erosion. Southern Negev, Israel.

i 1

Catalog. " Gruner uelm. n1' 'nem- TLELAT COTrnTTrt.

HEIL T_(m). 21m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 99m. y tt. R.

ým bh Dn4emloagat Puddle itl TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. "He"W- CORE. Concrete Membrane. ettflr Masonry

YIJAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 3 1869 550,000 m INC IDMS s Overtopped Built 1869 to a ht of 21m, Igth 99m. Thickness 4m at top, 12.3m ý.t base. dam Masonry , cap 550,000 in , watershed 13,000 ha. 7, mis from Sante Barbe.

-_:; ý, ý- NAI"IE OF MI. TOA VACA DA!. COMTTRY. 0 RICO.

NEIG'? T. (m). 65m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH-Ho M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C. MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. O4Ne r Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RD'SRVOIR CAPACITY

u/c. m3

Failed 9/10/1970 Rio Toa Vaca, Ponte, Puerto Rico. Built 1971'9/il E,T 65m. Under Construction. On 9/10/1970 dam at 4 design height. 83.8mm of rain in 10 days. 19mm fell on night of 8/9 th Oct. Carried away 3,396 cubic metres of earth 6503 sand & gravel. 54,445 rockfill from a wedge shaped breach. Area 61m aride at u/s limit Cap eventually 60,142 acre ft. 11Nearest toim Juana Diaz, 8765 people 4 miles d/s. NAME OF DAM. TOCCOA. COUNTRY. U. S. A.

HEIGHT. (m) . 56m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R. I5nbankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. #Tj MATERIAL. P-°1 CORE. Concrete mss Ge Membrane G+*er maoe"ry

YEAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIRCAPACITY.

m3 INCIDENTS:

Also called Kelley Barnes Lake. Owned by Toccoa Falls Bible Collega. 33 killed. 2" of rain in 12 hours.

Telegraph "33 killed in flood after dambursts" TORONTO CO1 tPRY. Canada ITAI"E OF DAr " TORANTO (n). 10.67m ARrA.

CREST LL"TCTH. (m). 213.36m 1°.R.

Embankment Earthfill TYPE. M TMIAL" CORE. Concrete gu##. rer cae me.

Y?JI, R OF C017Lr1PIO'" I S'-"jIVOIR CAPACI^Y m3 I? 'CID Tsi'c

Failed 7/4/1912 Ontario, Canada.

Harthfill + cone core and buttressed Ht 35ft(10.67m) lgth 700ft(213.36m)

Insufficient spillway cap.. Overtopped and washed out for 130ft.

JouriRl of Exec rice y E. R. 27/4/1912 vo165. TORRE LA VEGA. CC'' SPAIN

Earthfill 111:i? le Enb=c= "ez% CC712. Concrete roaau"y e Tom- -'ýý gellem-64-0 I'enbr=Ze.

1'1\tn "1 V 1ý17ý1ýTý R .. r TL R CF CC* 'FZr"IC-" M3

I: 'CI7 "': ""%: Failed 1960 Provo Besaya River I Asturias Earthfill Overtopped, 16 deaths.

1 i

Catalog Gruver Real Compania Asturianq de Minas NAME OP DAM. TROUT LAIB COMITRY. U. S. A.

lml. 7.5rn. AREA. T TM,7 . CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. ZzwA 4r MATERIAL. X1.1 Co=, . Concrete Bat 's feuere be Membrane. O*her Y

YI3AR OF COIMIPLETIO?J. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1894 in3 IINCIDT S:

Failed /9/1909. Ht 25ft(7.5m) top width 6ft, u/s slope 2: 1. U/s rip rapped with stone, but portion at east end was faced with log cribbing. Only spillway consisted of two plank flumes at West end of dam One was 4.3ft x4 ft deep, the other 7ft wide x 4ft deep.

Heavy rains washed out crib fill darn u/s belonging to sane Company. Overtoppedf washed out 50ft - cascade failure. Insufficient spillway cap, r structed 1894 Miquel Co. Colorado.

SEE TELLURIDE.

Justin Earth Darn Projects. E. R. vol 60 CCt, T, zY. U. S. A. NA,'' 0? O1'. TURKEY CREEK. '---

(rý) Vl" IG''P . " 32m1 231m. TI.,.R C:n`: ^_' ...,. T" Earthfill PuIlle Enba nl=en t sý1 CC?ý. Concrete Caaui-y.. "" , 21 zl,. ee TYPE. ___---- 2". ---- B enöraze .

42111 Y: 1' R CP CC"=tr'Ic1 . . 3 M 1910 I-CIO^'""° Failed 1910 Colorado. Earthfill, ht 106ft(31.8m) lgth 770ft(231m. ) Constr 1910 Overtopped by floodcduring construction when fill had reached ht of 60ft(18m)

3 1

Catalog 15th Bienniel Report '-State Eng oie Colorado. ' NAME OF DAM UTTION DAY COmMIny. CATNADA. . . (m) 6m. fEIG'iT. . AREA. CREST LENGTH.(m). 172m. N. R.

Earthfill Embanlcient P."Idle TYPE C, MAT^RIAL 4h L.ft7'1 . rs-be . CORE. can AtmatQ "*erefbe one. Oflw zffl eery

YDAR OF COMPLEPION. R'S': 5'1VOIR CAPACITY 1907-1908 m3 I? NCID-NTS: Failed 10/2/1912 20ft(6m) high, 565ft(172m) lone earthfill with timber core Constr 1907/8 Overtopped - no cut off. 1. killed Prop estimated as worth 50,000 dollars destroyed Flood occured at 5pm. when many returndd from work. Dýs -2 walls of flattened 24" logs spaced 5ft centre to centre by cross- piece and built up by laying one timber on another and drifting them t by ,together occasional 2"' wooden pins. freeboard2 d/s 1: 1. Filled with earth ; Crest capping of logs - no api arebt use. 'u/s V; -: 1. Within failed 10ft earthfill of central section , which was a crib of 15" round logs in 10ft squares just in front of heavy timber backing, but have no connection with it. Spillway in one of wrings which remained intact, consisted of plank structure 15ft wide x aft deep with central portion 1 as wide and 2 ft deeper. A middle post divided the whole section and permitted the use shorter flashboards fitted into , of when guides. Main dam 170ft long, and flanked by wings at-an interior angle of 135 degrees, with water side - same construction. No bond between wings & dart No bond with base. Just layed 1 ft below original stream bed. Flood ware 'caused 500 ft wide 6ft high, gave minutes warning by roar from u/s. Flood continued at maximum intensity for A- hour after 5pm, and after 2hrs mostly over although creek swollen at 10pm. (Avresv cap. 6000 acre ft2 5000 acre ft reached town in first 1 hour. flow during time 30,000 cusecsf peak 50,000 cusecs.. Central 170ft lost. Drift pins snapped. Debris in spillway. Flashboards not removed- ttenrlant. © Ne ee i; ae+'^-. UnOt -1 a+ tr+urn. If it had happened at night 100 would have been killed

E. N. vol 67 p. 414. Catalog. Um{NOT,TTr COÜirTRY. NAI-19 OF JAM " U. 5. A.

I IGP'T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). TIi.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. &Pvrvi-y MATERIAL- RMT! fM CORE. Concrete Menbra ie. Oiaiar Ikeeertr r

YDAR OF COMPLETION, RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 8/4/1926 Small rolled fill darn with slopes 2: 1 of selected fill. 8th On April thaw after snow, water roseearly, filling to crest in 12 hrs and continued until of 1 ft over crest was reached. Spillway was a shaft culvert type. Shaft was 7 ft square and the 6' culvert was 4'6" wide & high. Crest was 16ft above sill of culvert. Overflow was set at 2ft over crest at which level the water surface would be about 2ft below top of embankment. jAn emergency gate 18" x 24" inbottom of shaft not usable., and had sufficed to carry all flow during winter. Culvert crossing embankment diagonally with length of about 130ft.

Earth dam fails by shrinkage under frost crust. E. N. R. vol 96 1926 NAME OF DAM. UPPER CANADA POND COMITRY. AREA. _(xn). CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Verabrane. Other Masonry

RS VOIR CAPACITY YIIAR OF COMMPLET I ON . m3 INNCI=S: Failed 11/3/1901.

see RANDELLS POND or WEST RIVER

I. NAI"'L OF UA?T. UPPER CREGGAN. COUFITRY. U. K.

HEIG"T. (m). 7.6m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1,i. R.

Embani=ent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. QrRVity MATEßIAL. Ree fi--. CORE. Concrete Bu troe Oe"oreire Mecbrane. Oiler llaýsfi

YBAR OF COMPLY IO?J. RMERVOIR CAPACITY 1851. m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1909 Failed 4/8/1971. 71 mm of rain between 1900 and 2200 hours on 4/8/1971 and 65mm 90 in this Previously within mins period. conditions dry - so intereeptbon and infiltration during flood period as much as 20mm leaving catchment runoff as 51mm equivalent to 0.15 PSIcubic metres from the catchment of 735 acres (295 ha). This 90 mni rainfall is 'very rare" category having a return period of' 1000 years but total volume of st©rm is not'exceptional. Trash marks from one stream into the Upper reservoir indicates (velocities of 23 m/s were reached.

Built 1851. ? 5ft high. Breach 25ft wide created.

Report from Frank Law. Londonderry Sentinel 12/Sept/1908 NMt OF DAM. VAL MARIE comm"Ri. CANADA.

AREA. HCIC ,r_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). ll1. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. Roo: = 1 CORE. Concrete TYPE . 'y Bet"en Goobomoo6e Membrane. 04ktur rT

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1939 m3 INCIDE ITS: Accident Al accident Spring 1952 Rolled earth dam inSaskatchewan, built 1939 Overtopped flood, - unprecedented spillway inadequate I cut emergency spillway, deliberate breach, thus erosion at one location only Design inflow 420 cumecsy max inflow at time of design 924 cumecs. Outflow during flood 336cumecs.

'i C'

1 f NAME OF DM','. VAISI+TTINE DATEI COT1MMY. U. S. A.

HE(M), 9m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C r±+Y MATERIAL. I? *_-? CORE. 3*4lb! r ese--. C e+reb. QýkCi^ Na"Ow

RE'ST_,'ýVOIR CAPACITY YDAR OF COI"IPLETI O?d . 1911 Tn3 I11CID- S:

Failed 1911 Built 1911 Municipal hydro project for the town of Valentine, ! ebraska. Dam was 30ft high and was built in the winter of fine sand. Compacted by flushing with water. Spillway located at centre of dare: it was composed of an earthfill covered with concrete 6-8" thick. Layer started of the way up the u/s slope, extended to down the to the toe. 'A the crest I across crest, and rd/s concrete drain capable of taking the normal flow of the stream was installed near the bottom of the spillway. few inches the S. , On 1st filling the water rose to within a of crest - the the the of spillway 9 the earth -inside spillway settled and dam overtopped. Bad construction. Clay core NAT OF DAM. VAJONT COMTTRY ITALY.

(m) 265.5m AREA. HE_IG;ýP . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 190.5m M. R. _ Et s e%t F.aýýrir isýl Puddle TYPE. 9rmv*4y IýfAT=RIAL. n C0^. Concrete "'- irr" Concrete Membrane. Other NOAWaww

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. Rý'SEIVOIR CAPACITY 1960 m3 INCIDENTS: Incident /10/1963 Built 1960 cone arch. ' Ht 265.5m 'lgth 190.50m

2501M2m3 of material slipped into resv displacing 40N m3 of water. Overtopped by wave 100m high

,JI c NAME OP DA*f. FERS POND COUFTTTrf. U. S. A.

IIG''T. (m). 9m. AREA.

(m) 46m. M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. O'r=t ty MATERIAL. Wir? -Pt'i 1 CORE. Concrete r onopet e Membrane. 6 rer V-qozL bý

YIBAR OF COP"IPLEPIO?J. TEST,'IVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDNTS: Failed 20/10/1916 ht 9m. for Schnectady Earthfill with timber core . built to a of Milling Co. Overtopped No spillway Crest lgth. 150ft(46m) Said to be 3rd, failure

see Schnectady,

1lJVLU 1]V7 OF MI. COtfl TRY. NAIM VERNON HEIGHTS, U. S. A. AREA. _(m) . CREST LENGTH. (m). l. R.

i. il Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rook 1 CORE. Concrete Th&44re ss Concrete Membrane.

YDA.R OF COMPLETION. RTS?.'RVOIR CAPACITY In3 INCIDENTS : Failed 20/10/1896 Oakland California. increase To cap of rev 30m square on Vernon Heights a wall of asphalt concrete was built around it. Wall 8ft (2.4m) high base 2ft thick, top lft think, shallow foundation, built partly on made ground.

.ý cý

07 PTATTEO JAY. VICTOR COTJI',ORY. U. S. A.

A TJA. (M). 7.62rn

(m) Y. R. CRT L7,?IGTH. . 131.06m.

Ertbank^ient Earthfi ll Puddle TYPE. I`ÄT^RIAL. 8c ckflý COW. Concrete 3; &44,-"s C-onore# ITcribrane. maker 1r

OF COIIPLET IOIT YBAR . RTS-'IVOIf CAPACITY m3 It'CID1? 'ýi'S Failed 191511901.

Earthfill 430ft (131.06m ) long & 25ft(7.62m) high

Resv cap 70M gallons. Inadequate spillway capacity All water escaped on Pikes Peak - for supply of water to town of Victor.

Justin Gruner P. N. 30/biay 1901 vol 45 n 22 p. 385 E. R. 6/8t 1901 vol 43 p. 550 Classified review of Failures E. N. vol 47 p. 5)6 V IIT.TT'. n? -IA"- VRATSA BULGARIA.

CREST LE1dGTH. (M). I R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle RIAL R-o TYPE. Crsurity MT . o=-rrr=1 co r. Concrete get, r&t s so-4-oree I'enbrane. (maker nar-mTry

OI! CIR PACI^Y YBLR OF C01"PLET I . RME"I m3 II'CID TTTS:

Failed 4511966 Sediment basin for lead/zinc breached a plant - could have been sabotage sent 5m high wave through towns of Z gorigrad & Vratsa. 196 houses destroyed, 600 people injured, 96 dead, 25 missing. Burst about noon. Estimates of 600 dead.

E. N. R. 12/5'%/19 Water Power Dec. 1971. SAT VYSNE ZEBOJNA COMITRY. CZECH Al ZLA.- n1+ n eht_

HE(m)' 9m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. ''y MATERIAL.. ^_- . CORE. Concrete - Bqt4db!L@ Ca o4e Membrane. O4hcr O"Many

YBAR OF COPIPLETIO?J. RCSE'IVOIR CAPACITY 1945-1949 m3 INCID-TITS : Failed 1960 Earthfill 8.9m high built 1945-49 in Czech. Overtopped due to heavy rain. WAGNER CREEK. CCTJIml'rY. ram op m' . U. S. A. (m). 15m. ARM. Iu IG-f . . (n) T". R. CREST LE?JGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MÄT: RIAL. Rockfill C037". Concrete Buttress Concrete, 1?ertbrane. Other ; 'asonry

Yýý R OF COI'PL^TIO'T. R^SJ VOIR CAPACITY 1918. m3 I? 'C I7)77TT:; : Failed 19/4/1938 F1 failure On loop Loop Creek, built to 50f (15rn) in 1918 Describes not as overtopping but"ltfault " on spillway. 1 dead. 600 acre ft reservoir.

catalog Lessons from Dam Incidents. E. N. R. vol 120 p. 767 1938 NMIE OF DAM. WAHIAA"TA COITI HAWWII

(m) 42m. AREA. HEIL-'T . . CREST LENGTH. (m). 139m. IIT.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gmamr4 MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete 3s $ Membrane. (iIeT- Iý!ýeear9'

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. RL'SMV0IR CAPACITY

1906 9.514 m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed /1/1921. Built 1906 41.5m high, 139m long rockfill+earthfill Overtopped Al incident. Cap 9.5M cubic metres on Kaukohahuä, River? Hawii. Side hill spillway, crest lenght 36m and narrow concrete lined discharge chute. Discharge in Jan 1921 was 140 cumecs. Depth over spillway 1.3m. Spillway rebuilt jro 60m long, channel enlarged & relined.

Irrigation darn. tlaialua 6miles d/s, 4,047people.

k NM's OF DA2t. WALNUT GROVE DAI"i. COÜ1TRY_ U. S. A.

(tn) 33.5m. AREA. 1tEIG7-T . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 122m M. R.

Embanic ent 130P-4-k ¬111 Puddle TYPE. ui r MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete 6enerete Membrane. CP"Trr

YDA.R OF COI.IPLETION. R ST,'2VOIR CAPACITY 1888 Tn3 INC IDNJT S:

Failed 22/2/1890 Rockfill date atý: Prescott Arizona. Ht 110ft(33.5m) width at base 140ft'(42.67m) width at crest 10ft(3.05m) Lgth 400ft(121.9m), lgth at base 109ft(33.2m) u/s & d/s faced with granite blocks. Ußs face covered with timber as watertight membrane. Too small spillway caused backing up of water & overtopping. 150 killed On Hassayampa River 30 miles South of Prescott Ariz. !taste weir 26ft wide while catchment 500 square miles. (Pamagares area 1000 acrer to dam & property 800,000 dollars. Rockfill with walls on both sides made of granite blocks. IIBuilt 1888 Fl failure

50000 yd3 of material washed out. Cap 69,000 acre ft.

Catalog F. N. R. 10/12/1936 Gruner Notable Failures of the Past Classified Review. '73-Y- vol 47 P"506 Wegman F. - Design & Construction of Dams-Capman 1, Hall, 8th edit. 1927, London. WPM ITA? qT% AV -%A'PT- COLTET'fT. lY fU--+ vl' U. S. A.

ATMA.

CxIST Lm I. ---: Earthfill Puddle Enban'c': ent 1 TYPE. CrýY I. ýý ; -; I yL. CO.33Concrete 2'enbrane. reýI1 % e+kor Mete

-tj7 nT7 n'r: 'Y YLR CF CC"°LrIC". M3 I': CI") Failei 9/7/1897 Jefferson County, Colorado Earthfill, overtopped '2 deaths

SEE JEFFERSON COUNTY.

Groner ------" ------__--- - E. R. Vol 36 p. 134 . E.N. vol 47 19/6/1902 =

t, !. - WAYATINAH 'B' xrii It AI+r i--" A"%dvJ 'I ci..nr- . Com"I'T Y. AUSTRALIA

(m). 25m ARDA. II I G"'T . (M) 1". R. Cß^ST LENGTH. .

Embankment Puddle TYPE. Cy M TTRIAL. Roc!; fill COR71. Concrete "17Tý1'!T+'rc s Cede Membrane. @+tr 1-

YDAR OF COI.IPLETI07I. R7 S"71VOIf C:IPACT Y rn3 It'C IDS?; 1 L Accident. Rockfill darn on River Derwent 25m high, design flood 3000 cumecs. When 12m high twice overtopped by floods of 230 cumecs - slight bulging in D/s toe, although rockfill designedt to withstand 1100 cumecs during constr by steel mesh.

Thomas - Engineering or Large Dams. p. 526 NAM OF JAT7. UUEAR COLIC;rY. U. S. A.

(m) 13m.. A?3? ý i IG'- . .

C1 ST LENGTH. (m). I". R.

Hmbanent Earthfill Puddle Gs ý 1'::TJRIAL &aek col: Concrete TYPE . " -11 " .,. ate 1'enbrane. 6iýlET

YIBAR OF COI.'PLTIOIT. RrS71VCIR CAPACTTY

1912 rn3 II'CID2llT :

Faile&, / 1938 Earthfill 13. ./ZLm high« Built 1912 overtopped

Gruver IGOLD 1969 ITAIM' OF IMTA COtf; TRY. GHANA

9.1m. A?iEjA.

(m). R. CREST LENGTH. T .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE gehenitý MiP=IRIAL" H4ncl fib CO. Concrete . B""17!! ß Concrete ?'enbrene. Riker Y

'S*7? VOIR Y]IÄR OF COI. 'PLET I Oi . R? C_1PACI^Y 1'959 M3 II'CID-? '^S :

Failed, Ghana ; earthfill + concrete gravity built 1959 Overtopped bad structural design.

Gruner ICOLD 1969 COU1MY. r1AJL OF DAT. I°TEST RIVER PROVIDENCE. U. S. A. MIG-T.(M). ARP,A. (m). CPT:', ST LENGTH. T7.R.

-*ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. CQraroi-+ r MAT:JRIAL. Rochfill CoR^. Concrete Stt; 64 41.8 Concrete Membrane. Other T'asonry

OF C0? 'PLET I O'? YBAR . RrS'-'IVOIf CAPACITY '13

Failed 11/3/1901. 2 dams. both fine composed of gravel and sand . Vater passed over crest close to wooden sluice way.

see RANDELL'S POND. 11 (y1'4J V L' I'THEATLAND COUFITRY. U. S. A. V af'TT±n-+ n er.t - (m) AREA. HEIGn'T . . 14m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 2011m. III. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gaa-- MATERIAL. Ree4f41L COTE. Concrete O B eeen . &rebe 2-Teribrane. ethne- mage"ry

RD'S VOIR CAPACITY YBAR OF COI"IPLE PIO? d . 1893 m3 INCID'MNTS : Failed 8/; F/1969 Homogeneous earthfill 45ft(13.72m) high, 6600ft(2011.68m) long, 20ft(6.1m) wide at crest. Resv cap 9400 acre ft. Irrigation Dam, flooded 10.000 acres. Washed out rural bridge and damaged country roads to iMd doll-ars Piping or wave spray caused first failure 50ft chunk near crest gave way and within 12 hours the breach had widen -ed to 150ft. Built 1893, enlarged in 1935 to 7500 acre ftq and a second enlarged in 1959 Inspected at 8pm. break occured at 5.30a. m. the next morning, 3uilt 1893 failed 1939 due tompiping, rebuilt 1859 failed 1969 n Laramie River, Torrington nearest town with 4237 people. 42 miles away rrigation dam.

LVUU 1 4IJ .L . 1. ViJA ýG141L . L11ViKV11 Y I. a" NAIVE OF DAP-. WHITEUATER BROOK UPPER COMITRYf. U. S. A.

FLIG'H'T. (m). 19m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 137m. M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. ftc1^SL1i CORE. Concrete gu,++ s Oonoro#e Menbrane. 6ii rhi l orti'y'

YDA,R OF COMPLETION.. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1943 518,000 m3 INCID PS: Failed 4/5/1972 Claremont, On Whitewater brook ' New Hampshire Earthfill3built in 1943 to a ht of 19m and lgth of 137mß res. cap 518,000 m. Built to a ht of 16m in 1943 but raised to 19m in 1949. Breached adjacent to spillway - separation alongside spillway. ' COUF:TRY. NNA! of DAY. WILBUR U. S. A.

I_ (m)" 21m. A. 1JA.

Cf1ST L7i1GTH. (m). lllm. Y. R.

1'r, b t ill Puddle TYPE. Grävity MATERIAL. P^ 1 CORE. Concrete Dub bfens Concrete I"'ernbrane. 04eýt i"+eeývzýT9

YI3AR OF COi MPLLT I OT`. RrS'I"MOIR CNPACI^Y 1912. rn3 II'CI77TIT : Failed /8/1940 Al type failure Tennessee. Conc gravity built 1912 to ht of 70ft(21m) & lgth of 111m. on Watauga River Unprecendented flood overtopped bulkhead(non overflow sectioý) above powerhouse to a depth of 1.5m. Spillway discharge estimated at 2016 cumecs, more than twine the design flood. Hydro + recreation. Cap 715 ft. , acre 7 d/d Elizabethtown mls ' 12,269 people, sigo hazard.

Ü. S. B. R. Lessons from Dam Incidents. NATO Or JAT'. WINCONSIN RIVE CoTLmTitY. U . A..

A1T/ A. iLIG"'T. (n). 8.5m,

CREST LEMGTH. (m). 244m. I'. R.

Emb anl=ent E arthfi ll Puddle TYPE. Gravity MÄT^TIAL. Rockfill C03ý. Concrete Buttress Concrete 1'enbra ie. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF CO? : PLET I O?T . R'S-. IVCIR CAPACITY 1923 m3 IrCIT: flT : Failed 29/5/1938 Built 1923 800ft(244M) long,, 28ft(8.53m) high Overtopped

E. N'. R. vol 120 CCm71'BY. NAME OF DA"! . WINSTON No. 2. U. S. A. (m)" AREA. +IGT. 8m.

CI ST LETNCTH.(m) 91.44m. T.i R. . .

Embankment Earthfill I eel 14e Qfwri- MATERIAL. asokCiAml CORE. Concrete TYPE . ?r #"s U10110.1.C ,t Masonry

MBAR OF COI"IPLM I0? 1. R'Sr'IVOIR CAPACITY

1904 m3 INICIDXNTS: Failed 157%/1912 North Carolina, Water supply. Earth + masonry Me9onry" Core Ufs & d/s slopes, & top width unknown, but lack of stability. 52ft masonry spillway at the centre of the dan for a drainage Brea of 7z' square miles. The top of the spillway was Oft below the top of the earth bank. On one side of the spillway was a rubble masonry core in the earth bank, which however, did notvreach rock at all points and the workmanship seems to have been poor.. On one side the spillway (the-. other side) the earth embankmentwas supported by a rubble retaining wall. Built 1902 crest length 300ft(91.44m) Heavy rains, overtopped, cutting in a few hours,.

6" of rain in one day. Breach 70ft long, 24ft deep releasing 1751! gallons Massive rubble spillway on mi"ea schist moved. Overtopped by 12" 'Resisted for 15 mins and then gave way. took 11 hours Lt. ,Core wall break up to below the spillway(llam) and ; 51 hours (4pm) down to river bed. Progressive flood. Insufficient spillway capacity repaired increased to 100ft long. , - 9

droner ICOLD 1969 Journal of Electricity - record of 100 failures. Justin Earth Dam Projects. E. R. vol 671 p. 667 11th april 1912. COm7fflY. NMIE OF DArT. WISE RIVER U. S. A.. (m). ARM. irI GT .

MST LEI GTH. (n). T". R.

Earthfill Erib3 ,., ent Puddle TYPE. Crav±iry 2'AT IAL. Rockfill OOR^. Concrete lrenbrane. (ýiirC'T E"auon y

YI3AR OF COITPLE"_'IO??. R^STIVOIT CAPACITY rn3

Failed 14/6/1927 Montana. on Big Hole River Rolled earth + rockfill, plank facing Overtopped at one end ' water out through bank at one end of dam.

Catalog E. N. R. vol 99 p. 196 COL 7fnY. INANE OF DA" WISCONSIN DELLS U. S. A.

fiIG"T. (n). 18m. ARF;A.

(m) 1". R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle #iy MÄT^, 1IAL. aoek"-±±1. TYPE .. 6vav CO.°., 3Concrete nut t Go or3 e Menbrane.

YIBAR OF COI.IPLETIO'T. R1s rwOIn 0:AP &O I^Y 1909/10 24.66 1.1 m3 II'CIýýflT : Failed /10/1911 Const 1909/10 to a ht of 59ft in earthfill If Cap 24.66 cubic metres. Fl failure. Crest 8m tridep 79m spillway

Lessons from Dam Incidents E. R. vol 64 p. 446,487,548. E. N. vol 66 p. 443,452,482.19/10/1911 NTAI"', OF DA'". YALLOUThIRIVER COUP] RY. AUSTRALIA or YALLOURN RIVER i IGý'T. (n). 11.9m.

(n) Y. R. CREST LENGTH. .

t 1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity M,1TJRIAL. $ac } CORE. Concrete 41 ft-ex Concrete 2,Tenbrane. 6¬b*er- FeeenrY

YIBAR OF CO?TPLEPIOr1. RS "IVOIR CAPACITY 1924 490ZI m3 I2'CID2f TS: Failed 1934 Australia 11.9m high concrete gravnty built 1924 Latrobe On river with cap of 490M m and with a spillway capacity of 4100 cumecs.

Gruver ICOLD 1969 , TTAT. Tr OF '3A,Pr. YELLOW RIVER C01-11711Y. CHINA

5m. ARTIA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). V- n T". R.

Emban ment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAP^RIAL. Roc?-.fill C0ý^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other 11asonry

Y13 OF COMPLET I O" ,11M . R^S-'iVOIf -CAPACITY .13 II'C IDS? C* : Yellow burst river its' banks near Cheng Gho%r about 40 mis west of Fong Fu.. Water passing through the breach with great velocity washed out entire embankment for 5300ft. 15ft high Failure 29/9/iP87

River not embankment,

Enginneering:, 3/3/1893 is 10/3/1893 YUBA NAME OF DAM. RIVER COU1TRY. U. S. A.

(m) HEIG'HT. . 4.2m. ARM.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 367.5m. IT. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. gee vim MATERIAL. ? r* 1 CORE. Concrete Betb bil em e Membrane. Other Ta my

MBAR OF COM"IPLETIO"d. R'SEiVOIf CAPACITY

1906 m3 INCIDZNTS:

Failed night of 17/18 /3/1907 Sacrciºsnto River l4Ft(4.2m), 1225ft(367.5m) long, spillway 65ft wide Flow of Yuba River 400 cusecs- 125,000 cusecs. Max flow was assumed as 125,000 cusecs which was 2j. ý50p greater than the PM? indicated t as from above records. This was nearly, if not, in 1907. reached This meant a depth of 7ft over the crest length. This continued for a few hours and a flow of 4 for a few days. The spillway was on a steep hillside, necessitating a large amount to of excavation give aX section to pass a flood of 20,000 cosecs. ALSO CALLED CALIFORNIA DEBRIS BARRIER No. Z. Eart-hydraulic fill, rock+concrete facing anchored by piles. '630ft(189m) jBuilt washed away. 1906 Overtopped , ;Spillway 3ft deep.

E. N. vol 58 p. 133 8/8/1907 B. N. vol 53,8/8/1907 LICE Trans 1911 vol 71, p. 217. OF JA'.'T ZAVOZ C0Ul71'RY. HAI,- . YUGOSLAVIA

T-TGýT. (T1).

CT ST YETIGTH. (r) T." R.

ýýent Earthfill Puddle 1'ÄT^RIAL. Rochfill TYPE. C,6=="Y CO?^. Concrete Concrete I"'enbrene. Other T'asonry

YBAR OF COIIPL"E'PIO'T. R^S"-'IVCIR C"PACI^Y rn3 II'CIB! TTS: Failed /2/1963 On Temisica River, Yugoslavia, near Bulgarian border. 2074 cubic yards of material in natural slide blocked streamp creating dam 100ft deep. Lake moved upstream as lake filled threatening Zavoz. Blasted- reinforced spillway cut with steel net bundles of rock to p but protect channel - failed not completely - well protected.

E. N. R. 1174%19 3 vol 170 p. 22 NAME OF DAM. ZERBINO COMITRY. ITALY

AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). TI. R. , went Z4"UC ,31 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Reek-1 CORE. Concrete Concrete Menbrane. 644' r lj, "W"W

YIIAR OF COMPLETION., RESERVOIR CAPACITY

9.85M M3 INCIDM NTS: Failed 13/8s 1935 u/s 0.05, d, 0.55 Cap 9.85M m Catchment 141 km2 Spillway discharge capacity 1020 cumecs

Cloudburst on 13/8/1935 far exceeded any rainfall experienced in Italy in 8 hr. period. Average rainfall over ca#3chment in this period 398mm. Total vol of water going into resv. 54M m Mood 30 cumecs/sq. kl. oth dares overtopped. (larger Zerbino, smaller Alla Sella Zerbino) Puilt 1923, curved gravity, having 12 syphons. Section B. Incidents/Accidents - British Cases. COMITRY. NAIM OF DA! . AI SWORTH (m) AREA. HEIGHT. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YM OF COUPLETI On . RESEIVCIR CAPACITY Dee 1660 m3 INNCIDETS: 5/12/1852 SEE LOFI'ERCROFT. 1860. Resv . completed Dec Known to be 5 in the shafts area but assumed to be O. K. 9 since they were filled with clay. On Dec. 11th a shaft flooded out in the Red House Colliery. (may not have overtopped).

t. NMtF OF DA"'. :: COmn nY. ALDENHM - U. K. ARM. 1flIG r. (M). 8m. Herts. CREST LENGTH. (m). 400m. I'S.R. TQ 169 958

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Vote"43L MAT"RIAL. T. i'r1 CORE. Wie. Gral'

YBAR OF COMPLETION. 1795 R'S771VOIR CAPACITY

78 t. c. m. m3 INC ID- TTTS: Incident 1933. Nr. Watford hertfordshire. Built 1795. 1802 rased to 8m.; 400m long cap. 78 T. C. M. Spillway rebuilt 1933 freeboard 0.65m cap. 7 cumecs. In 1939 three overflow weirs replaced by 12m long weir cap 17 cumecs. freeboard 1.1m. Waves Overtopped. Canal reserv. bmilt by Grand Junction Canal Co. by virtue of Act of 1793 to supply water to R. Calne to compensate for water diverted to canal. According to Faulkner - slips during construction. Near Watford.

A reservoir built originally to supply the Grand Junction Canal and completed in 1795" In 1802 the dam was raised to 8m high and 400m long, and reservoir capacity to 78t. c. m.

Apparently the 'eservoir gave a fair amount of trouble to start with, as slips continually occurred in the headbank. The report of the first statutory inspection referred to low headbank freeboard and generally referred to waves overtopping the headbank in the rough wmather.

Some remedial measures carried out include : - 1932 - Leak detected and pluCgeä 1935 - The Spillway was lowerdd 0.84m and the top of the embankment raised 0.6m

A. H. The Grand Junction Canal . -Faulkner. - David & Charles, Newton Abbot 1972 Kennard M. F. BNCOLD Symp 1975 Report 5.1 Pp6-7. ALDII"2

1938 - New embankment wall con^tr ucted and new overflow weir constructed 1958 - Slip in upstream slope 1958 - Slip rectified 1975 - Slip rectified

Area when full 65 acres. Spillway 40ft long 1935 - the spillway was lowered 2'9" and the top of the embankment raised 2ft. 1938 New wave wall constructed and a new overflow weir constructed. Settled in 1959 A 1975 Waves frequently overtopped the dam. Engineer - James Barabes Consultant - William Jessop. No. core.

Personal Cornriunication Hertfordshire County Council n it D. W. B. NA31E OF DAM. ARI (DALLE TD7R) COLIiTRT. U. K.

HEIGnT. (m). 5m AREA.

(m) M CREST LENGTH. . 189m "R " 'did 649 138

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI1AR OF COMPLLL'PIOtd. I ERVOIR CAPACITY 1933 229730,000 m3 INCIDENTS:

Incident while under construction. Concrete dam near Callender.

At Callende- on 2nd January, 1933, a flood estimated at 37 cumecs flooded the small innounding reservoir, then under construction and overtopping the spillway and unfinished dam although the diversion sluice was fully open. Discharge of the diversion sluice during this flood was estimated at 20cumecs. The catchment area was 960ha. 2/1/1933 flood of 1300 cusecs flood 5M gallons Under construction ' overtop-'ed Catchment 2370 acres

Lewis - "Aspects of the, Design, Construction and Control of Uater supplies. " Institution of Nater Engineers, Vol. 5j, 1951, pp 26 9-205 . .f NA1M OF D!,',. ASHBURNHATd1. Com TnY. U. K.

HEIGý'T. ým)" 8m AREA. nr.. Battle.

CREST LENGTH-(m). 260m. M. R. sheet 183 690145.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE- G30s#y MATERIAL. &os1 l CORE. Concrete Butt 'e s C4mam44e Membrane. Ooh r Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESTWoIR CAPACI^Y 1762 m3 IITCID- JTS: 3 lakes built by Capability Brown. on Ash Bourne Overtopped no damage. Catchments of dams 120,150 & 200 ha. Lower dam 260m. long.

There iss apparently, some circumstantial evidence that the eanacity of the very limited disch: r! e system has been exceeded on at least one occasion due to floods.

1 1 NAME OF DAM. ASHFORD CotiIXITZY. U. K.

HEIcr (m) 6m. T. . AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 230m. M. R. ST 236 384

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G av±4y MATERIAL. n r1 CORE. Concrete 9U441T-ms gefterei Membrane. O+her L.aýexi

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1934 50,000 m3 INCIDEIITS: ii x 106 gallons. Incident 10/07/1968 Overflow exceeded overtopped for short period. flooded treatment works at base. No damage overflow then improved.

An incident occured at the dam during the night of 9th/10th July, 1968, when a rainfall of 3.19"(81 nm) was recorded a;'. Ashford. The overflow at the dam was incapable of taking the flood water the bank for and was overtopp(->d a "short "period , flooding the treat- the b: ment works at --e of the embankment. No damage was said to 'h^. ve occurred at the embankment and the overflow has now been ! improved. (Mot in 'º. '?. 7). 1973)

977) NAME OF DA !" AUCHENDOI'ýES COÜ1;TRY. U. K.

(m)" HEIGT'T. 10.36 m AREA. PORT GLASGOW (m). CREST LENGTH. 3n.8m TT.R. NS 357 723

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE .: MATERIAL. ! CORE. Concrete Berbbrese Membrane. Gibilart Týeeýrrýr

YIJAR OF COAIPLMIO? 1. 1880 RAS MVOIn CAPACITY 3 857,000 I21CID' 1TS: 14/01/1968. Water driven through space in joints of wave wall and over' the top due to wind when only slightly overtopping. Slip of some 75ft long occurred and sign of a similar slip likely to occur further on.

Spray and water flowed down the bank and collected behiüd spillway channel and r an along toe of embankment which the appears to have weakened embankment. The poor native of the d/s side of the channel, to some extent the foldsub-soil on band, all seem to have contributed to the failure which occurred along the junction plane of the old and new banks.

: Action (a) drawdownp (b) weight toe. Drawing down impeded by the fact that the main draw off was closed by a timber bung. Gaps in wall caused by cauking drying out and falling out was like in turf for to 5m 10-15mm - therefore out knife gaps up for heavy spray? -therefore less manicured embankments safer (7.92m) , Earthfill 1880. Original Height 26ft - raised to j34ft (10.36m) in 1922.

cation W.T. Deveny - Director of Water Strathclyde ouncil.

BNCLOD Symp. 1975 D. M. Hamilton D4/17 NMT OP DAN. BÄLCOT"T]3L'Lam= COÜi'TRY. U. Y.

(m) ACA. HEITIT . . 4.6m. ITAYTl?LRUS -..1TT? (m) IT. R CREST LENGTH. . 76m. " T( 317 309.

Embanlonent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMIPL32ION. RD'S 'RVOIR CAPACITY

Latter half of 19th century. 77,250 m3 INCIDT 1TS: HomoOeneo"z* earthfill. Longitudinal profile showed sag towards centre due to lone term settlement. Ow-mer Mrs P. A. Greentrood. 1068 -I- Overtop-, ed I serious erosion of d/s face but no breach.

1970 Srilltray improved and embankment heightened in central section.

es. NAME OP DAM. BALLOCHDOWAN. COÜInl'I2Y. U. K.

m Icr r. (m). kR13A. ` Ayrshire.

(rat) R. CtEST LL'NGTH. . 137m I,4. UX 089 788

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Grev&; 6f MATTRIAL. 30-eki 1 CORE. Concrete ms eb Membrane. Ortsreg Thy

YITAR OF COIIPLLPION. 1843. R73MIVQIm CAPACITY

m3 INC ID-TITS : Failed 4 NOV. 1843. Built four months before in 1843. covering many acres. Swept away houses the mill, and machinery at Ballochdowan. Defence was that the dam had been most carefully and skillftlly constructed with sufficient sluices and overflow to cater for floods, but the one which had occurred was of a most unprecedented character and had destroyed bridges and works of various kinds in the neighbourhood -mile above mill called Culling Mill. Had not employed an Engineer during construction. and filled as soon as finished. to its' full depth. !Subsidence- consolidation ?

,,- BALLOCHDOWAN= KIL., ITTRIN AN LOCH

Ayr Advertiser. 9/11/1843 - photostat. Hug err v. a Citation 20 Dunlop 298. Perthshire Constitutional, 12th July 1916 NAME OF DAM. BALTHAYOCK FISHING LAKE CDtTTRY" ý 'OTLAJD

(m). IM,Icr r. 7.5: 1 AREA. PE, tH (m) CREST LL'NGTH. . M. R. t4o 185 234.

Embasnlcnent Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. T_ '_ f *-1 a, -GrWA y CORE. Concrete Bwtrt. rr-re + Membrane. ®hr *fteeft. ry

YDAR OF COMPLMIOIT. RESERVOIR C:1PACI'^Y loz. Coal m3 INCIDENTS :

Failured. 3/7/1916.

3 i_les east of Perth. Propietor Mr. R. ; ylie Hill of 1 Baltha; ock.

Earth. Height 25ft (7.5m). Capacity 22i5 0,000 -allons.

4" rain fell in 24 hours. Insufficient s illway.

I7v5 acres. Length of weir lift 7innches., t6oo. ' 6'

-Flood 600ft3/sec per 1000 acres.

Flow of Balthayock Burn into reservoir = 7,0ft/sec /1000 acres. "moral- 1, inA, ao-1'ýa,ood Coro a4- icý1ý1-1ýv,.cor and dog t. 60rmtm tae wu) Wenn60jTd vt, SMAL12, OX. A4s o. sý,º pond 1oý1orý ' Mý yIseNalli un i, I,uýws Luc ý .4 sly, C texa ItaBmArda. 4 JOAAMIt 10¢ý.ýd o6&4u.ßc14 c woºlýrwwo4ý own ý. c,ýýla cl ,do, ý.cý-º etl 6gý& Issto des ýoo4yd ,oýdýýa .*aýº ,, r oýº a4era. wadeOAC. 6m `ý9 too, ý. 1.

JU1Y\. J -4 1. / J/ IV %,, VLF u V _' .k- -; ":, 11ures - J. Ho,-g.

GJ. 13/I .T -140'% or., rto r SA 33 --4r, - 41t ,r 3i .- NAI.'T OF DA?'. BARNWOOD COÜI;TE. GREAT BRITIAN

(m). AREA. If IG--'T .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y13AR OF COMPLETION. R?: EVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Cofferdam. Not thought to be a dam.

Glos. NMT OF DAM. 7ARRO"'FORT) COm1TZy. TJ.K.

iMTiT. (m) AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

Embanicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YM OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INC ID^PTTS: NA1,TE 017 'D.W. BEATH or BEITH COtn T'nY. U. K.

HEIGý'T. (m) AREA. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity IHAT1RIAL. Rockfill COTE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. Rr3 'RVOIR CAPACITY

In3 INCID-21ITS:

21/11/1835-

38 Killed. I ScG W6106111 Cori aurn .

^veyor 31/3/1933 P375

0.! -1

NAZI OF DAM. 132MIAM LAIC DAM COU ITRY. U. K.

HEIG'IT. (m). AREA.

(m). CREST LENGTH. M. R. T2 642 366

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gy MATERIAL. ° io 1 CORE. Concrete c" Gener°be Membrane. 6uker

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

45,000 m3 INCIDE 1TS:

17th July, 1955"

Overtopping damage caused to crest and d/s slope, but not breached.

Howarl Humphreys & Sons. NAI"'M OF DAM. BEITH CotmTRY. U. K.

HrIG7T. (m). AREA. %

CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MIAT^RIAL. Rock fill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. - RS'SERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID3 ITS:

Beith = Beath.

South east of Greenock. I 1st incident 15,03/1815. 2nd failure 21/11/1835.

38 lost.

Letter - library.

The Surveyor March 31th 1933. Notes on Reservoir failures. J. Hoge. NAET OF DA!T. BEN PLEY PRIORY LAKE, COm+TRY" U. K. (m) HEIL'-'T. . 5m. AREA. HARROW. (m). CREST LENGTH. 120m. M. R. TQ 156 926

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y13AR OF C01.IPLETION. IC-SL'RVOIR CAPACITY Between 1755 & 1807" 25,000 m3 I! TCIDý 1TS :

Overtopped 24/2/1977 A heavy short storm on 24/2/1977 resulted in the dam being over- toppe-I and some erosion taking place of'the crest and d/s face. Small ht quant; esof water have probably overtopped this dam at several low points on a number of occasions in the past, leaving evidence of slight erosion.

;r London Council.

I .. NAIID OF DAPS. BESOMHILL COU1Tl'RY. U. K. (m). HEIG'TT. AREA. OT.dharri. (m). CREST LENGTH. 73m. M.R. SD 953 085 Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDA.R OF COMPLETION. Rý'Sý,'RVOIR CAPACI^Y

1856 45,000 m3 INCIDM ITS:

Incident while u/c. October 1856 The embankment was damaged in the great flood of October 1856. "..... The water spout burst over Hey Moss, Crompton Fold and the the Tame Valley upper part of .... A part of one of the new Corporation reservoir was destroyed" (1).

L. Oldham Chronicle 111th October 1856 Oldham Metro - Private Communication. 1977. NAI"'T OF DAM. BILBERRY COU1TRY. U. K.

ILIG T. (m). 32m MIEA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle s#y MAT^RIAL. Rhoe? TYPE .. lf-i+U CO:M. Concrete *91ta e Kernbrane. 64hcr Naas

YI3AR OF COPIPLETION. WMITRVOIR 'CAPACITY

m3 INCIDETTS:

1st failure 05/02/1852 2nd failure 1944. I Earth embankment 32m high. Overtopped.

Erosion of mitres from run off from hillside during severe storm.

See Holmfirth. I

etter from Lee - Yorkshire slater Authority, S. W. Division. COLD1969 Tales of a Pennine People - A. J. TTot-rcroft, 1922 U. K. NMT OF DA?I. T3IRCTT7,,T BWI1)GT' Com"ITnY. or BI'RCI' 'T POI?D. (m). HEIGITT. 7.5m. AREA. TTORSHHAM. (m). 60m. CREST LENGTH. M. R. TZ 194 292.

Embarnlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY N. K. m3 INCIDIITS: trtý, ýc t' (: 11J1 )i ý3. L10T1ý" 1968 Overtopped ' scour on d/s side. 1974 Overtopped 'D4s Sluice ' scour on side . gates privately maintained an, l operated. On day in question the sluice gates were not operated and rising water in the Dish pond overflowed the A281 road rnd swept a'ira,y the d/s side of the structure. The resultant surge crused flooding d/s in Horsham tow,m. The Authority now seeking to ry'iu control of the (later that the Authority sluices records state I with the owners consent has no- install e-1. a low fi -ed crest weir in placr' of the gates)

Darner Win.; Commander A. i. M. Scrase-Dickens, 'Coolhurst', Lower Beechin , orshem, Susse -. M. Embankment surmounted by A 281 road. 1977 Fixed weir installed with can. less than IT gallons.

apacity disputed as level was kept down but as main release of water as denendcnt on manually pperated gateýý it freauently helrl more than he minimum.

est Sussex County Council.

0.. NANO OF DIM. BIRSEMOi LOCH COÜi^1'rrf. U. K.

NEIG-TT. (m). 3m. AREAtberdeenshire

CREST LENGTH.(m). 425m. M. R. NO 526 973

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RSETVOIR CAPACITY

before 1865 78,000 m3 INCIDT ITS:

Failed 23/4/1968 3m high, 425m long earthfill Built before 1865, cap 78 tem. near Aboyne. Failed at lam. 1968: Embankment breached due to overtopping and/or piping failure. Present owner Dunecht states (Lord Cowdr^y) 3 mile south of Aboyne Surface area 15.5 acres. Catchment 115 acres (direct), 1300 acres (indirect) 5ft long overflow, 15" freeboard. 1969: breach filled in and dew overflow and scour constructed. Elevation 454ft Annual rainfall 35" Moraine with some gravel with little coher. ion - no impervious core. 15" diao outlet sluice. Breach 30ft wide & 13ft deep.

Personal communication R. U. Bucbanan. Press & Journal 24/ 4/1968 'Flood traps Deeside Farmer' NAHM OF DAM. BLACKMOSS COtn TflT. U. K.

HEI=. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill co.RD, Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI1A,R OF COt"IPL'ET I ON. TMBiVOIR CAPACI: 'Y m3 INCIDENTS :

0. ^s. .. ý... . ww. f ý. t ý., ý"AM4 Q"fM ý -Y -. --

NAI-M OF DA'.' " BLACKBROOK. G. D. (m) AREA. IM-IG', 'T. " 33m Loughborough. fl. R. 6k 4466.176 CM-ST LL'NGTH. m) . 525 ft.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. by M TMI IAL. -Rev }1 CORE. C.onerete Bat*rmm 9.eno -A I5ombrome. Mier J Pf

'MIR of CO!IPLETIQ :. 1797. R^SMVOIR CAPACITY 2300,276 m3 INCIDrl1TS : ;' "W Failed. Feb. 1799. -S ºýwýýr" 'a11a'*`) itt W. Built 1797 to feed Charnwood Forest Canal. Central core but formed of riddled soil only taken to 2'6jibelow during original surface. Failed flood . Had leaked con siderably before failure and settled 18". Engineers G&P Yt Hodgson. Lgth. 525' (160m) Ht to overflow. 65ft (19.8) Ht from brook level 93'6" (28.4m). Ht to top of parapet 108' (32.9m). Base 65'(19.8m) (4.57m). thickness tlickness at overflow 15' Cap. 506M gallons("ý300276m) then top water level area 84.5 acres. Core d. On edge of Charnwood forest-5 mis west of Loughborough. Const started AA April 1795. Heavy rain + meljring snow Feb 1799. Rebuilt 1801. Failed again (hodson George Hodson - civil engineer on Blackbrook scheme collection 5 Scheme vols at Loughborough). began 1900 - 1906. 1801 canal-in use again but by 1804 with slump canal disused. Reservoir emptied and darn dismantled. - rather than failed. According to T. R. Pott'er's Charnwood Forest Burst 1807

1866 proposal to restore old canal reservoir constr. by Jrssop in1795 of 75M- gallons. lwý ez -SWib

0 a

vlaier oc a er ngi vo p. 124 Water & water Engineering 1905 vo17 p. 442 Kennard, vo126 1976. p. 145" Smith " History of Dams., Hodson. g& Hogson F. Trans I. W. E. vol 7 p. 203.1902. 1966.8'$ 9 Hadfield C. Canals of the East Midlands. Newton Abbot . Personal Communicatmon. Leicester Library & logghborough. Ml+nt+ $oAk ýI ýý7.9® iuýr lo , ats ': Los)- L. IJ $ L.T.. I II-ýae Pý 6ýPLv o,. 4la C1ýoni. and ýo"*ol- t -X1975, iVIoi4 TeM ßýHCJs«.A" Tom, lwc. owl Scc " t ,,cols j, ý4 Z7, "3 ý. ,e Ar Lwftt=- WL 066 - 181It NAIM OF Ba!. BLACKSYKE MILL COUI,I'RY. U. K.

I IG'T. (m). AREA. YORItSHIRE

CREST LENGTH. Id. R.

Embankment Earthfill puddle Grs-by 24AT^2IAL. TYPE. TL L2f111 CORE" Concrete "t-Irr s e'6111'e Membrane. ier

Y13AR OF COI"IPLETIOII. RT'S VOIf CAPACITY m3 INCIDMTS:

Failure. 21/9/1820. I

History of the Huddersfield Water Supplies. T. W. woodhead 1939" NAME OF DAM. BLAENMELINDWRDAM. COLIIRY- U. K.

(m) 8m. AREA. HEIGý'T. . Aberystw-th.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 30m. M. R: IT 781.964.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. R]SBRVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDM S: Earthfill near Aberystwth, * Crown Office Dam. Overtopped Approx 100 yds long, and less than 25ft high. dam but This was overtop-ped , no serious damage was done.

Llyn Blaenmelindwr was possibly the same dam at SN 781 964. Az. Sco C Eb F ZAM LAS. . J.

,ner3. NMt OF 3-All . BLAI =1 BROOK CCUMY. U.K. M, IG"T. (m). ARM. GLOÜCESTERSHIRE

CREST LENGTH. (m). I.T. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. QawA4 MATERIAL. ^_ookfi "1 CORE. Concrete B reffe C wae#e Membrane. 65 kc r I?"~nry

YDAR OF CON.IPL PIO?J. RSS RVOIT CAPACITY

m3 flICID3NTS:

Failure. 15/7/1875. Cinderford, Gloucestersldre. lay. Breached as result of heavy storm of 4.5 -5 inches in one Flood resulted from breach swept through town. ? Flooded two mines-.

See SO 60

head " The reservoir at the of 73lakeney Drook gave way p the effluent through the--town water swept ' and flooded two or more mines" - 1.

" AT nine o'clock a telegram of the breaka, e of the dam at the head at Cinderford was received, when new alarms were raised, because it was evident that the bursting of a twenty acres of water Bone 12ft in depth, must cause a renewal of the flood if not destruction" - 2.

PROC. I. C. E. 1875-6 Part III G Symons. 0 the Floods in Engla nd and Wales. Paper No. 1464 Ginderford Library. -1. Gloucester Journal 17 Jult 8. 1875 p. - 2. COLIF' NAI"'L OF BA't. BLEA BECK. ' U. K.

(m). ARA. i!, IC; 'T. 7.62m. Grassire Eton Moor. R1.R. CREST LENGTH. m). 137.16m ; 042 668

Embazlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity ! LAm_"MIll Rockfill CORM. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

117"S3tyoIR CAPACITY Y71ÄR OF CO?!PLL'PIO'; . m3 INC ID3? TTS Lead mines on Grassington Moor. 3 Dams, lowest is the largest. 25'(7.62m) high 450'(137. i6m) Upper two breached at left hand ends. No core wall , no out off.

On Grassington RToor reservoirs were built to serve the lead mining industry. Three such dams wer builtt : rhe lowest being the largest 8m some high and 137m long. The two upper dams have breached at some time in their life.

0. CoTM 1'ZY. NAIL OF MT " BLITHFIELD. --- UK. AREA. 'I(m)" 16.4m. Rugeley M. R. CREST LENGTH. m" 856m. SK 072 228 Earthfill Puddle Embanlc: lent Iýaek.ITTd. Concrete TYPE. ýy I TýTERIAL CORE. Colicreie ------BtAlbrsým Membrane. w O bh er

CAPACI^Y YLR OF CO'?PLEPIO'1.1953. RnS1VOIR 18123000 A73

IIICID-7ITS :

Overtopped by spray february 1962. Built 1963 ht. 16.4m earthfill. "" 90 M. P. H. winds for 18 hrs. caused spray to be blown over cl"4st. Wave wall threw spray straight up. and then was driven onto top of embankment. Slip occured.

danage to the Severe gales '(145 knh for 18hours) caused by copings across the dam and caused spray to blow over the crest. The wave wall created a more hazardous situation since spray was thrown vertically by the wave wall to be blown over the wall by the wind.. Damage resulted in the D/S earth c?ioulder of the dam.

Leach. BNCOLD symp. Newcastle 1975. T. S. 5. South Staffs. ?,7aterworks Co. 1975 Private Connunication. H s. a y. ».. w. r ý.. w . s,

NMB OF DA!! BOTTOI! S. COUTTRY. U. K.

20m. AREA T-WTC?'; STFR S TR- _f ml . "

CTtEST LENGTH. (m) 250m. M. R. SK 023 970

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. GritºY MATERIAL. Ri CO:E. Oanerate 6vrrcrc4 e Mcobr-aae. 9*reT wry

R' S VOIR CAPACITY Y DAR OF CO?'PLETIQ'.. 1850. 39M gallons. M3 I21CID11TS: 155,000 Overtopped during construction because temp. works. not sufficient cap. 64148167 ft Below Rhodeswood Torside Woodhe on the Etherow River Area of Resv. 50 acres. 4501.1ftý Depth of resv. 48' Length 250ft. crest width 154 u/s 3: 1. Ht. 64' 10" (19.78m). Built 1850- 39M galls. Completed 1877, incident July 1872 while u/c. Longdendale Scheme This--flood occured when a wooden trmugh constructed to carry flood waters over. the embankment, then under construction was overtopped and damaged resulting in part of the partially complete embankment

Dam Geology R. C. S. Walters. Bu erworths. 2nd. edition 1971. p. 44" Bateman. A History of the Mahchester Water Works. 1881. BRADFIELD. U. K. NAME OF DAM. COml'r rf .

(rt) AREA. HUIG' iT . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete 2Serabrane. Other Masonry

YTIAR OF CORIPLET I O?l . R: RVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDM S:

SEE DALE DYKE.

I. COtmTrrf. U. I( rtet.a ca+ m.a_+ np nart_ BRAITMIAITE.

H IG'7T. (m). AßEA. Nr. Keswick.

(ra) 1T.R. CI EST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle MTATTRIAL. °- TYPE. GPftv1i r -li COM- . Concrete Gane: -o Menbrane. 94,4e r Iii

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RTS!,;'IVOIR CAPACITY M3 INCIDENTS : Failed 1-2/11/1098. Dam behind Pencil Mill Nr. Keswick Cumbria. Dam reported to have burst and inundated a number of houses. In the course of "the heaviest flood known for the past 30 years" in the Northern Lake District.

Powe Bridge between Keswick ez Branthwaite (correct spelling) was partially washed away.

British Rainfall. 1898. p. 28. Manchester Guardian . 3/11/1898. Go RS . Afv- nýlMUWýGA'ronl - wý+ºBRýA AJ'J1V Cou, wi.. Carlisle Patriot 4/11/1898. BROOME PARK. COMITRY. U. K. ILTeMILl tu"w n'Mvc 11AM-=' -_ 5m. AREA. Reigate IG''iT_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 45rn. M.R. TQ 213 505

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

REST VOIR CAPACITY YDAR OF CON"IPLET I O? d . 1880's. greater than 51M7l lit INCID NTS: Luo;, tolls11 Gvl ýcL11V117"

Overtopped Autumn 1960, and it is said to have been overtopped on several other occasions. 'Little damage caused but spillway caoacity cubse(uently increased asobviously inadequat^.. Cored5m high, 150ft long, catchment 1260 r. cres. during Flood intensity, observed , estimate from observations storm 168 cusecs.

Maximun depth of overtopping 6" Dam not breached. The flood intensity at the dam is considerably reduced by culverts unter the )orking Reigate road, which restricts the amount of water passing through that point.

.. NME OF Dat. BRUTON. COlmTnY. U. K.

(rn). AREA. SOMCM F_IGT. 1".

(m) 2i. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Emban ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. 4ee-br-Or i CORE. Concrete -- Buttress "V"4 e 2"ienbrane. Other Ivry

YI3AR OF COrIPLETIOT. R^S", 7 VOIR CAPACITY

1857 5,00o, oooft3 .13 INCIDEXTS: Failed July 1917- 0 11 inches of rain fell over 2 square miles. Built for life of 60 years- very small overflow., the openings being filled by screens on ea ch side of the bank. - some traces of previous overtoppings; but 1917 flood swept away centre.. Near tidincanton.

The upper valley passes through thickly wooded gorges and its course is marked by a series of artificial lakes. The lowest of these flakes which we were allowed to inspect by the kindness of Sir II'enry Hoare, burst the earthen dam constructed to retain the water and allowed the whole contents of the lake to pass downstream. An extraordinary rainfall occured in the Brue watershed. at the and of July 1917. Over 225mm of rainfall in one day over an area of 5 square kilometres. The dam was equipt with a very small overflow, the openings of which were occupied with screens. Fvidence exists to show that the dam may have been overtopped on previous occasios.

Discussion on Tue Louth Flood of 1900 by Dr. H. Lapworth" Trans I. W. E. vol 26 1981. NM'!E OF DAM. BUCKIEBURN COLIi"TRY. U. K.

(m) 22.0 AREA. 3TIRLI"TGS? TITTT' HEIG'ýT . . s a3, (m) M. R. NS 740 CREST LENGTH. . 259Mº.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. G it7 MATERIAL. -Reekfs'11 CORE. Oenereie Cvrrc. 'Wt e Mnbrc ne . O4 er meemTry

Yi1AR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY Co..lRo0 9o9+oco m3 INNCID3TITS:

D/S 1: 2.6, U/S 1: 3 pitched.

Puddle clay core shown on recordh but not found on site. Con- structed at beginning of century 20th.

Slide of d/s f"-ce occurred on night shown after he-vy rain and high winds. Area affected from above d/s head wall of the culvert for a distance of about 80' up the slope an-1 for a width of about 70'. Initial inspection it-seemed although slide not deep seated could be rrogressive, initiated by flood w^ter and surface run-off. Bank saturated reeds gwing on d/s face indicate seepage paths. Irnnedaite lowering of rescrovoir removing boards on snillway, draging water through 24," main from Loch Coulter and scour valve 15" maid to Buckieburn Filles. The 24" scour valve in the lower was siezed, probably due to being kept partially open for many years to provide compensation water. Overtopped by spray. Shallow slide initiated by a flow of water coming down the slope from wave action overtopping tlr parapet wall combining with a flow in the valley formed by the intersection of the dam with the natural hisseide on the north side. (2nd Iv &4 19? 0 -I t(o4

H. D. Osborn'-, Buckieburn. Rosv. Strilin shire. Failure of d/s slope of emb. dam und subsequent remedial works. Insp. open impr ovine Pro. Sym. Newcastle-Upon-Tyne 5-9 p 1-62 D5/8 & D5/9 Personal Communcation - StirlainC District Council. Report by Babtee Shaw, and Morton sent by Central Regional Cpuncil. Mid. Scotland Water Board I,Iinutes. 23/11/1970 NM1E OF DA?'I. C,ALLENDER COÜI,Ttff. U. K. im irrT. (M). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embatnlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETIO?1. RESERVOIR CAPACITY In3 INCID72TTS:

see ARI.

4.. CALZLOCK. COUl;TRZY. U. K. NPJJ'BOF Dfi-M. _(m)" AREA. CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RISERVOIR CRPACr Y UI3 INCID,i Trrs:

Feb. 1859"

Cascade down to Loch Clarhaig & Glen Clachaig. 910,000 Damage. Lack Ca+loe 8od}ic wwvoýr- i .J abort- aooo4I. t öº e4Z q vtht arg aýtý. c4- oýZ Jý yin a. Vvý eicýoýs. SXV. Von ; ov. ciý ar+ý Srwa Wýyº hacä º4ca4j Amen ät 1týlýd 64 o. a ýi wrap 0W4 0 euJ "Z5QýöoýniCMýNý; h., ed4A'ý iiti2rd Wv;a 1. V 6. C ,,ý ,V-tý. aasa ý,,ºýý, d oorroýolrt Ira rair 1W4 woo , . oat) ,ýý of swticZ *a, ýkä, ý * oý+e. wo1, aýäº tad i: wý: ýr. ºý,r

ýi'"'ý y

Canals of Scotland. Jean Lindaay 196¬3. David & Chtrlds. ran" Couwwrwt0. ýwý ZW'$. CoTil72 NA!. OF 'A?-!. CARTSBURN. . U. K. AREA. 1-H,IG-T_(m) . 13m. REN= fSHIRE.

CHEST LENCTH. (m). 243m. I.I. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle MATERIAL. 2, H- Concrete TYPE. -Geavit ao''t1 CORE. Battress Caueaa*e Membrane.

YDAR OF COI.IPLE IO! T. RrS73VOIR C! PACI^Y Tn3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 1815.1S Mort% Masonry lining on its gently sloping water face. 13m high, 243m long, Rebuilt 1821. Failed 1835.31" Nod. On Carstburn rivulet. Flood destroyed everthing on its way to the sea. Near Greenock. 90 WWI

ý,. s.,,, 6ý,,,,,ý,, ýt,

- s 7"

COUN'T'Y. NAIM OF DA!"! CASTLE HOWARD. u. k. ATI'MA' (n) 6m. Yorkshire. ur..T(1--m - . Ti. R. CI^ST LET GTH. n) . 520m.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. +y MATERIAL. Rf CORE. Concrete Qvmvr-- e IIernbrane. Omar t% onry

YBPLROF COHPLETIO?1.1798. M'S731VOIR CAPACITY 45,000 IIJCIDTTJTS:

Incident - at some time water has flowed over embankment. Yorkshire - built 1798. Ht 6m. Lgth. 520m.. Cap 45 t. c. m. I Catchment 32 ha. Freeboard 1 ft. Leakage before 1925" Sheet piling driven in in 1938 and 1945" Cement grouted 1948.

a}GalQiLL jJVV . uJ JyuI. '. i ewoä.. 5i j. e p. J. j.

Cc, '' _i .

- ý, L COmTTFni. NAH OF DAY. CASTLE MALGGrYN. U. K. (m) ATIBA. ILIG--T . . CARDIGANSHIRE. (i) CREST I, F` 1GTH. . 965926 Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. MATTRIRL. Ree ' 1. CORE. Concrete ,) '2y lre1ss (3erzerctQ 2"ienbrane. ß#4ier Y

ION. RIM71VOIR C'1PACI^_Y YIBAR OF CO?"IPL: T m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 10/8/1875. Nr. Cardigan, Cardiganshire. 3 ponds.

From 6th-10th. ¢4.46 " of rainfall fell, and on 10th the banks of three ponds pa little above Cardigan gave way, 50 houses were flooded and 2 lives lost.

tish Rainfall 1875 p. 61. I. C. E. 1876-1876, S. C. part LIL G. J. STIONS. V COM"'I'RY hAllEof DM. CHEG-MMAGNA. U. K. (m) ATtý'A. iFIG'RP . . 8.22m. 'BRISTOL I. R. CREST L'E`NGTH. m. 88m. 565 633

Embankment Earthfill Puddle GI*Y MAT1RIAL. f"* CORD. O nüi -k TYPE . -ý Cener0 I' cn1 tee. ßý}re r T:,acef

YDAR OF COL?PLFTIO?:. 1848. R1 S5'3VOIß CAPACI^Y m3 2-')14 gallons. INCIDENTS:

Overtopped July 1968 Compensation Resv. in the parish of Chew Magna, Avon. Ht. 27ft(8.22m) lgth 290ft(88m) freeboard 7 ft. Old spillway lgth 75ft; new supplementary weir is 100 ft loge

Constr. 1848-1850 Earth with puddled core, part of embpnkment recently(1976) faced with concrete apron to fprm a supplementary overflow. The old spillway was undermined and damaged at its lo-er ind where it discharged into the stilling pond. When the dam was overtopped there was minor erosion of the grassed embankment.

July 1968 - 173 mm of rain in 6.5 hr on catchment of 1740 ha. d/s 1: 3 . Settled in centre . Overtopped 127-380mm. Vol. 3.7m/sec

Communication. Bristol Water Works. Personal Communication. Avon Library. coves rrar or ýý't. CIfr MAGITA. U.K. (m) ARM. i_IG"^. 8.22m. ----' BRISTOL

CREST LL"JGTH. rn 88m. 565 633 Puddle Embanlcnent Earthfill f- =' 6enor-o GiY I,TAT^RIAL. : eel.: CORE. v TYPE. due. gu; ýS CenepG' tSaa. G4 er e

RESERVOIR CM'ACITY OF COI-M--311101% 1848. YDAR 3 25!! gallons. ! I __ 111CIDE? TT S$ ,tf 1wi,_t .., Overtopped July 1968 Compensation Resv. in the parish of Chew Magna, Avon. Ht. 27ft(8.22m) lgth 290ft(88m) freeboard 7 ft. Old spillway loth 75ft; new supplementary weir is 100 ft logg

Constr. 1848-1850 Earth with puddled cores part of emb^rnkment re cently(1976) faced with concrete apron to form a supplementary ove rflow. The old spillway was undermined and clama; ecl at its lo-er snd where it discharged into the shrilling pond. When the dam was overtopped there " was minor erosion of the grassed embankment. 6.5 1740 ha. July 1968 - 173 mm of rain in hr on catchment of d/s 1: 3 .. 127-380mm. 3.7n/sec Settled in centre . Overtopped vel.

"-J VV. '. ill!

jI\

Communication. Bristol Water Zlores. Personal Communication. Avon Library.

I NARB OF DAM. CL. AGCMRNNA+J. COM',TRY. G$. iIG'T. (m). A.RHA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RITSTVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: WATER BOARD INS-LECTION

The Locus of the ecent subsidence was , ieYt ins ectcd and Vn-: Cairns ex,, lai. ned that t': c f, 11 :niz of the enba. i'k_.nent was not du. to t'. e pre, n., ure of Lerr fron the Dann but to the ab nor ally heavy rainfall in the earlier rar of Ausu.. t which had tie effect of loosening a portion of u,.. er fron t_: e lower enn:h-, nk..,. ent. "'Ae work of rest, Jra ti., n was wcll adv, _ : iced : tid ith the ce, nent rets: J.., _i i, ý wall eý'i erected , _h 1 eon nrd t'ie 1 lin; iäer 1 bank of ac ýý . :.. stretch ohe.: cent tae M -st,. r of Works co, lsiý: e_ sti,. t a si ".il.. r subsl.. ýa :e of the ground will be i, npossible -in the future.

SU :; IJ ; CE AT GAS'il'ORN DAM.

As a result of heavy rain abut 30 yards of Lhe e: nbankunent on the western s-de of Gartmorn Da'u has s bsided to acc 2tii of t abo,. 4 feet. The ground i. 3 thou-: 1t to have been wen'; e: ied by water from the Da.a :iaving been blown ober the face of the e; b ark. rieiit a enetrati. through to th:: ther id i , t., f_, -e z ,d bec ,icj :i r1 es of ,,)vc edit of the a. ' ect d; art be'oro the tor ti, . -Al rai. ifall actually hro-, Lýnt about tic, s.. bsiýzcac; e. In to fefi. order ascorta' n iitely w; iotý, er ýlua'. was co, r:ing the . "ca--c from )am investiýatijn trenuhen have Dien kam but o f,. it _. _Ioes not ap. ýear t-zat any water is fi dd i its v;ay f'ro t., L, reservoir either týiý ouch of <<;dc : ne tb tnu : to_e ýuil t Jn: n:lead. Da. be . na,ýes will renairec when t lc w ter in t:, u ')am na. u.: u down by 3 about f, -, et whip h will represent so.:: ethi:: b lire 2,000,000 gallons.

ALLOA ADV_;Fi'I_; R- 3th October, 1527. ALLOA A'Dvr; 'T'TI >ER - 3rd September, 1927. com"IlRy. NPJ. OF DAI% CLYDACH VALE MINE DAM. U. K. ATiFA. HGEIG_'T_(m) . PONTYPRIDD CTt2ST LENGTH-(m). 1. R. 965 926

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfi11 CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

RrS 'ýVOIT CLP'lCI^Y YDIdl OF CONPLMMO? d . m3 INCIDENTS: Failed. 11/3/1910 "The recent heavy rainfall caused a great accumulation of water in a disused colliery level, the dam qt the mouth of which have way and for four hours a torrent like a mighty river swept down the the valley. At Clydach VAIe Schhol 600 children were rescued without difficulty: may houses were completely wrecked and 5 children were drowned.

nnie - British Rainfall 1910. uet, M. nF -IA'A_ COCKERIIOUTH. COM Torf. U. K.

HE(M). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COT"IPLEPION. RES RVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDs 1TS: Failed 2/11/1898. Temporary dam at Cockermouth. River Derwent rose to highest point since 1953- 11 Atemporary dam was constructed , and an enormous head of water collected behind it. Late at night the dam was swept away and the water pC poured in a great volume down the road into a thickly populated working class area , surrounding houses to a height of window sills. "

British Rainfall. 1898. p. 29. Daily Mail. 4th November. 1898. Carlisle Patriot 4/1f/l898. NARSEOF DL!. COCKER COBBS. COtIISTRY_ U. K.

(m) AREA. LANCS. HEIG iT . .

CREST LENGTH- M. R.

(T1)-Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Grasrty MMATERIAL. ate1 CORD. Concrete -- 8enerebe Membrane.

1M OF COMPLETION. InMERVOIR CAPACITY m3 IITCIDEPITS : Incident 24/11/1970. Cascade from Warmwithens - didn't fail. Slight scour to berm. f Above Oswaldtwistle.

Kenard. J. I. W. E. vo126 1972 p145 Personal Correspondance. N. i1. W. A. NAPE OF DAM. COE'JTY. U. K.

HEIG-'T"(m). llm AREA.

(m). I.T. R. CREST LENGTH. 244m

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT=RIAL. Rockfill co.RD, Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIBA.R OP CONPLET I O"J . R' SERVOIR CAPACITY 1924 310,000 m3 INCIDM 1 S: 21t1I 84, j colo-44. Failed 02/11/1925. Built 1924.2- miles d/s of 1Eigian (4.09km). Earth with r. c. core. On Afon iorthLwyd, Caernarvoniohire 03(1005.3. ) lo.. 20' (6.10. Dashed out on 02/11/1925 -; 3(, -. . x) high. Concrete 1ty wit'i foot' n,, s extui-lip,,, 1-')" i,, to yrav d clay. Scourin, of 30'(9-14m) section uid r: dn iootin,, s. _, This water overtop, ed d/s eaý'tli daoa. 16 drovwued.

Three later he'_Ghteaed I by loin, 1o.; years a. -, extýc: iided a wall therefire co. da, n leLtýh,; 25()' (99Qra). Hei ht 3j'max lcrebe , _, (1 ;. 67m). Im 'oundiný 16C'm ft' = 4.4SMM

COEDTY ha: 1 max hw ght 3J' (10,97 ) and length 3ý'0' (2ý+.. S4, ) rose, voir ca: = llm ft (0.31M; n ) llm w'. 1e at cre:. t. ti/S 2: 1 d/s 2.5: 1. EiGian-,. Had "slow failure di: iii- 1,1+00cusecs , out" char"; i. e. 50m ftý/hr = (1.4. 'Mm-/hr. Flood e: ceeded s illway cap, -: City of Coedty - ovortopped - around at toe Ico,, red, wall collapsed tnieredore breach 220'(67.06m) wide at cre-t, and O'(13.29m) wide at base. All of flood hit villa,, e of Dalgarro,,. Most of villa_ers in local Asse_bl, j Hall above flood level there- foie 16 killed i. Cascade only alt.; oi-: i _,o" via nice; s,; stem e. fron , Ii6ian.

Capacity of Eit3ian(Dalgarioe) before was 160,000,000ft3 = WC 1000,000,000 gallons. core - side spillway - re_ort of failure. Store cap. 70M gallons.

Carried a:; ay cotta_es, bungalows, wooden church aua school rid a portion of a hotel. Ei6ýian burst at 9.70pm.

The da. n disaster in '; orth Wales. The Engineer vol. 140 6/11/1925 pa,; e 496. . The DalSorro_ dam failure En. ýineriri4; 15/10/1926 1). 484 N. Smith. History of Darns Lo%don 10.71 p. 2,71 Discussi_n of Dam Disasters - Gruner. Report of failure. Lesso: learnt fro: a i Da. ar disarsters - En;, ineeria 15/6/1964,. E'clR Vol. 96. Failure of dai, r L, Wales due to via "hcut urldei" found-Itio no. 1 7/1/1926 p. 12-13. Gruner, I. C. O. L. D. Ediabur6h 19c9. "Quest" City Univ. of - sent by Freeman, Fox and Partners photostat map - drawing. smile Ili-ian long - slight seepage then rains incresed inordinately ;lade into spring - burst wall. Eartlifill L.0' high. Boulder clay - concrete core. Spillway 4' lower. Concave u,. stream. Overtopped by 2'. -1;e,-; southern end core exposed and broke. Gap 120' wide. ll, a ft, released.

Coedty reconstructed by October, 1927.

Water and Water End. Oct. 20,1927. Vol 14 P"412 NAME OF DAM. CARBISDALE. COUNTRY. U. K.

HEIGHT. (m). 4-5m AREA. Sutherland.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 100m M. R. thbankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Orn, MATERIAL. RQA;Rfi1 CORE. Concrete '^e Q -e Membrane 8týrer ty

YEAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIRCAPACITY. 40M gallons

INCIDENTS:

Overtopped on several occasions. Slipped. Overstopped by 400mm on one occasion. Ht. 4- 5m, length 100m.

Personal communication A. I. B. M. NAI,lE OF DMI. COLLEGE 1 COUT'RT" U. K.

6m AREA" HE(m) . PE?ýTRYN, FALMOUTH (m). CREST LENGTH. 116m M. R. SW 773 336

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. R'S? 'RVOIR CAPACITY

1886 68,000 m3 INCIDENTS :

1880. In the first report under the reservoirs (8afety provisions) act 1930 it is written that 'tWorkmen stated that part of the embankment at the North end way washed away 52 years ago(about 1880) causing considerable alarm but no loss of lice'.

This throws doubt on other records giving the year of completion as 1886. Records of this reservoir were destroyed by enemy action during the war.

11934. Overflow reconstructed and keyed into puddle core North end of puddle trench extended. Drainage trench constructed downstream.

Stone pitching on upstream face.

Owner - South West Works Authority.

R. H. I. /Moffat 0oombs, NMT OF DAM. " COMITRY. U. K.

(m) AREA. HBIG"3T . .

CREST LENC;TH-(M)- MORS

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill con. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. RD'S VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

.. NAIT OF DAM. COTE LODGE COUNTRY. U. k.

12.19m. AREA. ID(m) . Lancs.

CREST LENGTH-(m). 73.15m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Uraas by MATERIAL. ltujttftt CORE. Oe"Ift a ss cv=c ate ire r secrrry

YBAR OF COMPLETION. R'SMVOIR CAPACITY 1866. in3 INCID TS: Incident. 30/tiay/1944. Built circa. 1866 Ht 12.19m. lgth. 73.15m. Earthfill with core. No damage when overtopped. Overtopped at centre of embankment where settlement had occured Not a large dam within meaning of Act brt one requiring remedial works. 4"

NAI''L OF DA!'. COWDEN. COüi;TfY. U. K.

ItIG'T. (m). lOn. ARM.

(n). CPWST L! GTH. 120m. M. R. TQ 455 399

Embanlc;: ent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. GamvA4y MATIZIAL. ''l"e*' ý CORE. Concrete _ B ro ac Crxýre+re#e Membrane. C"bi .L

YDAR OF CO"PT-3`I O'' . Ir, S-,"IVCIT-t CAPACITY in3 INICIDNTS:

Failed 5/9/1958 Mill Dam ' Cowden, nr Tunbridge I-Tells Kent. Earth embankment 1120m high

1' At Cowden on the Kent Sussex border, part of the 400 Furnace Mill Dam was eroded, a road dammed and building undermined. Result of heavy rains and floods. Known to exist in reign of Mary Tudor. I Original capacity 250,000 m3 but not-r silted as much as 60-70' Covered. 30 acres.

British Rainfall 1958 p. 20 pt. LII ."_- Fersönäl 6rimiixiicýiönenýýCöiuiýy NfiJIC OF DAM. COVLYD. C0mITRY . U. K.

HEIG-7T_(m). 14.3m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

F +leist Earthfill Puddle TYPE. @-reevzty MATERIAL. x±-11 CORE. Concrete --e @"TreYe4e Membrane. Other mfoe*pY

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

1922 rn3 INC IDMIT S:

Failed 31/12/1924 Built 1922. 14.3m Earth crib high I Overtopped v shaped breach.

Subsequently spillway lowered and wave wall raised over central length After Eigiau/Coedty/Dalgarrog failure spillway crest again modified. Purpose to increase storage for the Coidray & Colwyn Bay Joint Water Supply Board.

ICOLD1969 Ahistoxy"of Dams. 1971 p. 231. D. J. Knight. BNCOLD Symp. Newcastle 1975 P 5.6 p. 237 cc 7: l7. CYMCARN. o' ic: 1 r U. K. ýý VI-, A rrTTIrPoW

rw nT1 MST V. R. Rile Enb2z-lc-. en: Earthfill Concrete TYPE Cý"=J . 2:enbraze. s

Y^,:R CT CC"?t "TC-. Eo21c IT92 0ý ýý. m3 14/7/1875 Failed on-- St rwithens Day. 13 killed when reservoir failed. Supplied Monmouthshire Canal. Ptt"So GAS OcOGAIM Rte. 10 miles from ITewport Breached turnpike road runninc on top of another enbrnkment. Breached J canal. i' 44A p'a` v aý.ýýdýý--{ºýi .uýýä ºývýýocaýlc adýc'opowc oJ+d tbºV'. 'L S 5.3o-T - 3" oýesivý °° Too w 1i0 to. ZS N 134 äa`+ß- 1 =% eia woAIaö OAA 4 9w'c'ý. 5 ? A"4O: f {,toa'd Hlqýtý PMO. . Kor. 6'h.o4. ý Caere. wcov. : µý- e.ýb fir. cM - 2.E'N, i"ai .ýs

Cäd."ýa S. 18coo

Gloucester Journal 17/7/1875 p. 8. Arscoral Co G -NiBi Aa,. .. a4L4 Mme..Y1ýolµ"c 1, ý leis NA11D OF DA!!. DALE DYKE. (BRADFIELD) COUFMTRY. U. K.

AREA. _? _(m) " 29m. Yorks. CREST LENGTH.(m). 382.22m IT. R.

Embankment Earthfill Ala TYPE. MATERIAL. arevviiz i -i CORE. Concrete -- fis generate 1-sMbrew+s. 64her Suhl.

YDAR OF CONPLTL"I'ION. R SMVOIR CAPACITY

3M 1859-1863. u__ßm3 INCIDENTS: ...ý"<"ýý°ý01"1°J _

Failed 11/3/1864.11lý+'12l% . 245 killed. 798 houses destroyed ' 4000 damaged. River Loxle Earth with puddled c re on i Vol of dam 306,000 ml 9 resve vol 3M m 3.6m wide at crest, sides 2-2:ý-: 1. ht 95ft(29m. ) crest 1254ft( 382.22m) freeboard 10ft Constr 1859-1863. 78 acres surface area, catchment 43000 acres. Q= 1130 cumecs - 29 km/hr. ýp^ettled and overtopped:. ioIoa 14" ¢ rl 1- ý.tocitý - ZNo PýýsS wýýr .

146 2-111,1161,42 V%RAT. p. 432. Gruner ICOLD 1069 P. I. C.E. 59 P-50-66 1079-80 "vol & Water Sept 1969 Gruner - vigilance over Reservoirs -Water Engineering Smith - History of Dams P213-215 26y Nay 1972 139-140 Eamples the Internal Con Kenard . J. I. 41.E. vol p of dition of some old earth dams Wood. Tunnel Outlets from storage reservoirs. Discussion by Rawlinson. Idin. Proc I. C. E. vo159 1880 p. 50-51. A. Dumas. Etude sur les barrages-reservoirs. Le Genie Civil tome 27 no. 16 17/8/1895 p. 350. Report of the failure & Bursting of a Reservoir Emb. belonging to the Sheffield Waterworks Co., on the night of Friday 11/3/1864 by Robert Ra.wrlinson & tlathanial Dewdw+. t. z C,

J JFIw l: " IL 7c002

Ö "- eil '1'':.

ßt1 fý(y, ý J^. T ry . r"w-_.. __.. . , ', "s,

t i. Y t"i+Y

:ý 31, ---- '' }ý°fi x, "3.... - w...... ý\\\. ijY' ; ,I -ýý$ III V r" "ý-ýý x`11: '=. iýýý i 1!

:II bb

ýýý, ý,. ( i- Zo +ý-- ',;. 41P,d+'fN! 1hna. j.'? "; * ý" J "-- '.. -i-- CE__.. ý'1 - .. _

. fnw. i. i. u "4

i""il w. wýwrwy K -Z:: ý.: ""ß, 1'W w"r .... ý-. csý 4-1 >? o0Y

oý ljj OU

?t ~' ý-" ý`1^ 1eilýI

"r A

Ti rl L Tl "S " 'ýL 'i.

NEI ? tip ;V

'Ari

126

" ßCýý"cz`J ý1 A

41) I'd oil -rt

+ ti ` 11

a1 Lý- y ý0" ý -3r ý1 ti ýý 61

1 gý oooj. ai"uýi'ý; 1ý ýý

NMT 0P DIS. N DAMSONPARK. U. K. _(m), 6m. AREA. Kent.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 180m. M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cý MAT RIAL. R äl CORE. Concrete mss e Membrane. O+iter Sswga

J. RrS3RVOIR CAPACITY YBAR OF C0?"1PLETI0? 3 1762.9,000 m ' Dýrrrs: Irrc 958 Built 1762 in Kent by Capability Brown. 6m high, 180m logg, 4m crest width, lake only 2m deep. 9000 cubic metres cape surface area 8 ha.

Incident 1958, freeboard 0.4m- incident s:Yopeed by constructing emergency wall of sand bags on crest.

Communication from H. S. 'Thittaker (Lemon& BL , ard) 4m high, 162m long, lake within limits of Borough of Bexley, Kent P.Z. R. 5473.1747 201.1 Gallons. Owners - London Borough of Bexley. Rubble from bomb damage dumped in Lake about 1942 to reduce max normal depth of water to 2m.

1958 Incident Overtopping prevented by temporary wall of sand bags a1ona crest of dam.

1961/62 - Crest raised lm and capacity of overflow increased.

ý< ýý

'te7

_ -mss

-lz

ýp>ý1 xµ NM ID OF. DAM. DARWEN. COU TRY. U. K.

AREA. BLACKBURN. HEIC: 'T_(m) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 4~44y MAT_ AL. °_ *- CORE. Concrete O'be Membrane. "' Q er MTMUILT.y

YBA,R OF COMPLETION. Rr-SMVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 23/8/1848. Private Earth dam. - 12 or 13 people killed. Designed on 25 ft/sec for every 100 acres.

"A catastrophic memory in the annals of Over Darwen happened on Wednesday 23rd August 1848 when the bursting of the embankment of the reservoir below Raäfield Fold after a great storm of rain in the moors above, the lower parts of the town were overwhelmed by the suddenly lib 12 drowned in the the damage to erated water. persons were flood , and property along its coursecwas immense. no local papers until 1890. Maps of 1890 suggest reservoir belonged to a mill or the reservoir on the moors.

A local says it was the dam in the park in Darwen which has now been lowered.

mpe lbrary. History--. of the Manchester Materworks, on. 5Bateman-5 _. . =, ýl. __------_T-ý

sK I'. NAME OF DAM. DARWEN. COUNTRY. U. K.

HEIGHT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R. rnba. nkment Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE'. r} MATERIAL. R4 CORE. Ci býbý«i6s eta r y

YEAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY.

INCIDENTS:

August 23rd 1848, called Bold Benture. Remains in Bold Benture Park.

Darwen Yearbook 1901. Darwen Gazette. CCt 'T. U. K. Na J 0^ D1'. DEIJTOl'I

MST Jn _-. - Earthfill A: 3ile Enban ent . """^'; '?IiL. :'-cam CC?2. Coac_ete f FE . ,. 2".ecacraze. pwt-t Tem9le

1.. -. SIC-- R.. J. _ .. r .. _ m

I +ý. r %:f..:..: z=ý,ý? ". ''hy: "a,xa-i*ý! SYý'ýýrýýw.a'ýn. rr-1. '.. ý; ý`: 'ý'. ýM ýsrý :'t`ý. b". ' ýä i- .... Kýý..,. .iý,. e. ý. .. _

RY" NAME OF. DAM. DEANHEAD. CO U. K.

i ir'. (m)" AREA. IMDEN BRIDGE.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity HAT_ERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY -3 1841. mINCIDENTS: _ 70Id gallons.

"Sometime ago the pass-bye become blocked up, with the result that water ascended Oft higher than the normal top level and began to run over the banks showing they bank to be sound" (Water & water Engineering. )

Black for On the borders of Lancs. & Yorks. I constr on the Brook Mill power in 1841. Catchment 540 acres. - no houses in area. Area of resv. 15.E acres. ap 7012 gallons. feeds Scammond dam from 8 mis west of Huddersfield, . Black Brook water and here into Deanhead.

Ist stone laid on Oct 3rd. 1838. T. W. L. 993ft above sea level. Purchased in 1913 by corp. -for 912580 but due to ,war not put into use until 1922 Silting problem. 1935 raised and-overflow extended. S1E. o'Er,

Yjý

oV_ -1-S _-4' '. ý. "S `-s. ". 44r- ýLr ý_-n. YTýrS'ýILýwý "Cyrh --_ ,:. _". _, . .T -.. . .Z. W (y a-ilmgi yepyy

i ---^-

- _ ýý--ý ._ . - ý1 r 7; 7"

e :: t "`2= r no ;,;, z -, r. -z_. y -'.. .i-. `c . ,. i r +c ýs ... ý_".. --. - d . " ". u a' 'y" ý'a . ?r ý y i^ . ý. _ $ . .... t t' .n .? ,r. . ý `. y .., r 4,. , .

'+. .... " _. ... - "e4 ": ; 'e' w e

o.: ýl'` ...... __...... -ich -äý, NAIIE OF DAM. DEATTHEAD. cool 'RY.

(M). AREA. HEIG'-4T.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE,. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

MBAR OF COI, IPLET I O?J . IMI: 'WVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID WPS: Overtopped 1841. Built 1840 ' 739m high, 320m long, earthfill, puddle core, Cap 318,220 m9 M. R. SE 039 162

I .. NAME OP DAM. DEBDETI. COMY'T Y. U. K.

I IG'fir. (m). AREA. Rothbury.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y13AR OF COMPLY IO?I. TESTIVOIR CAPACITY

m3 IPTCID31ITS: 8,734,598 gallons.

Overtopped on night of 13/14th August 1946 Average depth 3.5ft Cap 8.7M gallons. Masonry overflow. Earthfill with puddle core. 2ft freeboard.

Report on The Debilen & Tunbleton Lakes at Cragide for Lord Armstrong's Trustees 1 1946

fý e#{L"bpi"ý"AýinmýM, Ayýýdp'". yx'w 1', R0": aý-Ys`. fN. FYe'+1 %ý^výiViývýerxtý, ý=ýý+F E. ý. #ýwýýa M"n iýA AIM : ý+eT YM ww. aä^R1e°m Lýs 4 W+ýx ýxa,. ... tin; . W. u. r. Aries'4ýr'. YjywNýý, -. lýnr wýlý%lýi?.. c.. aNe'X-Lýf x~M~! ýý'4 ýJ . ý1,

COUITTRT' . NM : OF DAN. DIGGT$/DRIGGLE U. K. AREA. HEIG'. iT_(in) .

CREST LENGTH. (m). S. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Coa ri MATERIAL. R- k"44 CORE. Concrete BaAik +S eke Membrane. Qtiear Maevrirr

YF1AR OF COMPLETION. iLS RVOIR CAPACITY Zn3 - -°` INCIDENTS: Failed 29/11/1810. at top of Stonedge, in Marsden, abt. 9mls west of Huddersfield. Owned by B. W. B. built to supply Huddersfield Canal. 6' lives lost.

Sutcliffe says piping not overtopping.

- : i. - "... 4. r-s. s t- as. i. syi. _Li" ., _ ._-. . _a _r _ ... -_ý_ . _ ý _ .. -. - f. -ýwst .. Times. ]ý1/12 1$10: -, utr, 1iffe- Troatizo ; _------wto..

Jn "r- -_ -__ __... x - ... - f"s=ewn--±_crý^ r'ýaýw.. "_.-'ýa" rt:, a:. ý"L ^' x -,,. rt: -z ý'ý. +. _.. w.; . -. _ .. _... _- _.;. _

Ykm : 'm :.. 7.: ý11Lr: ""o-1. ".. tarýwr, ., vr,. . 4.'+"+"+"-'P_°p`! rYldýýBM"! '"31'a++6^MýffiWsie: Mýa+MrY"""Fws`. rrrrhýw: we_Ri='""M. n9'tiýIrNMbrý, aM2sYAM3^Jý-ý. +w-v^Y., s'vY "4ýn"<"tlM'3il..

e*,, s4ýY, ý d _w ^ yr ý _«r*f...: -,. .. "s. arr ayxyw`, ý.

.. . - *^1 . .n+r' r. ; rte,-* __. _r.. .--. _.. ._. - - ., a+r "w " ýr- r. .,..,. Y ý.. ;.,,.w. «a.... aýý, ý. sý... -. ýr äý,; M-.rrýnw... ýuueev:ronýnaý. >.. ýýLLj: tiý±nýnt+y.: », ý -, ýx..,a, ýäý. 4y, 'aw-s.ý_ý,.... >w.. r-fir.f _". ý: ':. ý`i ýSz . aw. cw^F.: pw«wa»ý+w*rýtýsw.,. +, 9Negwý a-ý.,,i. *ý,+..... x +r"ý. - ...... +n, r. w_ma, ,'"`t_. , ._ rr ý . w.. r : Jýeh: w_F,.. 4'w^ný r".. -«. . .

NAME OF DAM. DOVESTONE CLOUGH. COÜInTRY. U. K.

AREA.

C EST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Greg MATERIAL. 1-1- CORE. Concrete dvsereb Membrane.

YflAR OF COMPLETION. RR VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 29/5/1881. above Greenfield, 3" rain in 3 hrs.

' t1

,, ai "' T

Trans E. k2.E. vol- 26, J921. Discussibn by Hill --- . - _-". __-_- ____

bw mT " A4 i ý ` sýrv-'. 4r_-zr=_ --Lýrac ý_ -_. aeMý' `! lt Y. "! ^M' F t sF"ý+r }'=`(rti. ilrL-... >s eý9{a-: S. a. r L.. 1 __ . r4N'3lNe- ,. _. _+_zf_ýew. a. , -_. ý^! _- -, -. _ß+'. -»"ý". _ .. ": cc! fr- -_ ' : 4ýC r_ kN'_"s.., sie RC'T. "Yý=-. :: 3-Ti'"+. _ __ ý,. _ .. xl .. . cx, .ae.

. __ `- J., . __ _.... v' -r"'F - -- --a'"+ýI"_....:. rd. r-.. k.. '. __-r ._ _- , _.. t: "_r, ,. -_ .. -.. .c'"Ys .. ý",. kýc. `r<", y r. y *äýc.va a. a+rýzw ýrtva^ený-m. x.:. ý+r-'ýee. ý:go ýJ.pý nn+rý-a., x *: ^- K. ý.; ý`° wýw+a Lý^ýýq yý".. '^ ýoe , r. ..i$.., ý: Y ... w, a: +.sr-ý -iý i. i i_. m+t. w. .: '. i'ý. ýr r .a,. ". +m.r _.. .,. _ýe: . ^. r .. r.. + r? ., . a- o . aE,,,, q .. ým. n».. ý imwýiý.... . ýö, ..?

COMITRY. NAHTEOF DAM. DURLEIGH. U. K.

AE_(m). 9.7m. AREA. (m). CREST LENGTH. 433m. hi. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 1938 m3

9/10th July 1968 Seepage through with aft over overflow, clay core not high enouCh

: Letter. from 1.tessex Wäter:

:. _ý*-'911! wa 4bG.. ti:. ýMlr. MYjwý+-ýý-ý- c i: 'M.! --'h'Y+i ý-s "Z°' _-_ --ýh-! "hý}t9. 'iýit^sl°"'B-`ýkYý? balF"iý. hwC. r-'. ýS'ý+ýt VMYi "..+ý-J" . -- M--P.. +r-'1'_-. Y"". ': '1i ý.

77 CCtM,.T. U. K. N A!'r C' ) :'" EARLSWOOD ..

V. R.

EarthfiU. PuIile Enb_zc ea: I,. Reed-ý CC?ý. Conc_ e. e =:i """^"'ºI; TYPE. remcr=te. pvttre"

ýM3 I^,: R c? ýcý"=ý-^rc"'.

.ý sr Pa,.. iý ä; ý..",.. 'iw-ý?; een+w". a,;, r i, ..''h °3:, ,. t, ißä±`+'e. -^ne;,+: *: "w.s": tii'. vri"s`s aý^iro"a,;. «'rs'al'!, 'ý,.'" '.:'' i `". '`'i,.. `. iv. ': wR. w+,.,y-r., x,. w.wý. z..., n, iaä «'. i: ". -, ,K<. Y-,..,.:

NMT OF DAM. EASTER DALTULLICH COMITRY7]. K.

(m) AREA. HEIGWP . .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBA.R OF COMPLETION. RBSEIWOIR CAPACITY

In3 INCIDEf1TS: Failed 15/8/1893. Easter Daltullich Mill Dam 9 on a farm. Carried away dam after the thunderstorm in Strathnairn Aug. 15th.

Wý. rti s. w

British $ainfall. 1893 "-p_.26.

ý. --' _'- _ _ _' _-.,. -. ý.. _ ._=_. _ y -... ': ="ý"Iý^! - .. . _ý-^ '. '"""'. `t`^". "".. l. rrt_, `. .. ý"E}, ! ", "^r. l., ýý. 7... 'a RT--.. ^',! " ^_-_.. + _4 - _'". `xýw°"Y""_`_'T +T. IA'r1'^.

y4ý. `! ýRä'GS T`14_"lM wY7kýýa a'ý4YMaýe a''X: x s-. '-. - r_. .^ v t^.. ý. lti' s ýM`! 'sriVk-1YeN4 -i"Rr^twav^. +! lMw^. "nwJ'. wT+. T13'Y `e tom'---- '. -r . __ >aRKº+re _.. _"*a: -- _r--Y ". y' K- r ia. '4 wý. "- -- c. ; fi _.; ,-, ý". ... 1.. e.! ': YTC'"~. Wtl'F_'aP. 1. ýt. ý twAFV S 4Y ry. Y"+ýMa: W ý 'r5'. YMau3A. ;t1 }º°1rýýs! "ýý5 'nA+äý. .r ryr, wY i[ tb. +c'\tv'kYýF R"ni+U? `+if f ] it nýýyxr. nýýv ýý.: rýY RU, 'idn wM°A+Ta'K iý--} . ý1 ^y r o-< . .. y. n-.. ýiýi_. . -ý6i y. N"= ýtl Q Y#wTM'Yd i.. res» .ý ti.. ..: v W-+A a. ý.naý r.. .rr ý>!. ' "Yn: J., n- i . x-AY'. ý .. ý.. ý. .

4 .. n

NAATF' ýF DAýf. EBBT VALE COTnTTRT" U. K.

(m) AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C*w*ri+ 7 MATERIAL. fno t66" CORE. Concrete 8yiii049 Cenerote Membrane. It K===s __

Yi3AR OF COMPLETION. RMSRVOIR CAPACITY m3

Failed 161/1912.

"The bank of an extensive reservoir supplying the Ebbw Vale Iron & Steel Works gave way...... A huge volume of water rushed down ly the mountain side, being narrowly diverted-from a row of cotteges a dip in the ground. Tearing on, it swept away 40 ydc. of railway embankment at Victoria station, and then enternd Ebbw Vale. The Great Western -train service was completed blocked" *- Daily Graplio

,... i

British Rainfall. -1912;

'i : 7), ß^C.:..: 1 _._

Li`y_[_ p-. 3L'^-ýýý^^ý '11H_. i3il+d'. W1ýº`Cia-3 i-S 'a-! ý: :: i1t1ý'; 'tliM'4ML__z :lv! 'La 'SL r"ýý}GyFa'lý3+1ý(tºM: f`1ý1"-w'li29 "ýe4s Y_Yi..! s, p. s- `d PP3'+.x. -. __v- ,x ac. 'rie: _ . _ -ý-. _^. ^YG ýLý'lK t_.. ý'+ýýr` ý-_ a i: -`i. }. Y'. ý-- VS+. ý? v" .. r... .. __ -Ju V. . .: . _-__-- .-_r ý- .. - ' NAIM OF D?-1. E ES Sm 4 CANAL.. CamnRy.U. K, HEITIT_(m). AREA.

CREST LmGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YU' OF COMPLETION. RMS:;RVOIR CAPACITY m3 INGIDEors: 2b)S`%81Z. (& ) U c.,. L aua 4rLw ". ltMus4ßa? 1. e iwtu -c. i

i 'r i sv t.. -. f, "r°a.. y. w 4r'»ýýws". ýX. wc_: ma; rnýývrr ýýý 7,".. rrý. ý+:ý"a-. is.. t. ý, ý , c'n. .,.: x "r1 ý. ý". Y: ;wý. t.. w. "+n s....., ", «.. . ý. ,; . - .. ý iý _r, +KT+3.. ä ^: i..:. w. ýA.. e.. _.. c sý. .. y, ý , t'.. 3' wr: ,. wý .a.. .. r"" na1:". _...... ,>-. ..

NAME OF DAM. EMBSAY 110011 COMITRY. U. K.

AREA. _(m). (m). R. CREST LENGTH. 430m. M.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. 1iýaºýi#. ý MATERIAL. ILeis9*11 CORE. Concrete -oe"eTete Membrane. s ýý 2"Soeenry

Yi3AR OF COMPLETION. TMSERVOIR CAPACITY 1910.795550 m3 INCIDENTS: .M . -. __. .._. _ .__.. _ .... w_._ .__. __ ý_ Failed 3/6/1908

42 of rain fell in $z hours over 11 ml2 under constr. - run off 50ft3/soc from each 100 acres Nr. Skipton, Yorks. 1910 Under constr. , opened 1410ft logg, (430m) others lave said 1359 ft Cap 175II gallons., ¢95550 m Catchment 750 acres. Surface when full 700ft above O. D. Compensation 261,000 gall/day yield 783,000 gall/day

Water -& water engineering -1910. -p. 172,201 ' Uatt6j' mate . en rirg I --vöT -- - has or T.611 + Til -ol-1900- "Tram vgl =26;ý 1921. _-=' -- __:, ette 13 rary.

- +at! a: +roaF"s>+nw. "tan"V.:: C. JCrw ý.. ^ýr+'ý. i----. r... ý. +ax>+wdr J- - . . ---- "_... . w.., r+e"+w +7: "Y.rnys -ist.,. _.-"'. ... - -e- -- -a ,- -ýs+.. , vN n:., - . "-výý""M, "r+. _--' -. , _- -a!

"Y "i. w _^a^ . v_ -gym .. _ . -_ l .. o- ý ý3 i. M.. Yr i ý °''FUtý"^}' ^zf'ý. z i ý+MF 4° }Y+1 mnA'W. mvl^w ri ra<91i i'Yýýw "1'ý . '[Mr .. ". .. z1S. r e, r e i. v . h^ ^A 4"'ACt. . .. cýYý'i.

NAfiTE:OF DAM. ENGLETOOD. COU1TRY. U. K.

(m) 34m. AREA. HEIGHT_ .

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1440m. M. R.

Embankment Earttrt± t1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Reakfi11 CORE. Concrete Buttress Conaxa-e Membrane. Other 3y

YI?AR OF COMPLETION. RZ RVOIR CAPACITY

rn3 1922 335M INCIDENTS:

Failed 1921. Earthfill. ýt 34m. 1440m long. hydraulic dam. on Stillwater river Cap. 3351.1 m" Nearing completion when seepage caused dyke to slump and allowed overtopping. Cut a3V shaped galley 4.5m xiix deep in u/s slope exposing core. 5400m washed out of which about 800 m was core material. Built 1922 3-31 m3 of material. a/s Irvington 2 mis High hazard

E II. B 7 713,74.4 3/11/1921 ' ------_ . rQ7 _;, ______ý_ý------

v.. ý_. w" r. -v 'b-. h. wýý ýrrw -: _" -. " 'i . i. -w .w R-. `ýi NAME OF DA!!. FALMOUTH. COMITIT. U. K.

FMIG='P. (m). AR"'A.

(n) IS. R. C1 ST LSNGTH. .

Embanlcaent Earthfill puddle TYPE. 4rdVTTr CO.R^Concrete @mor Membrane. 410sORW

YIL R OF CO!PL'--^IO'*. TrS J WOIR CAPACITY

Middle of 19th century. M IIICID ITS: 73M gallons.

Failed. Built middle of 19th century, repaired 1942. Catchment 1770 acres, cap 73M gallons Depth 20ft.

In 1930 overflow increased in length from 9ft to 30ft.

"'"

SA" bf)"A*4J)OL6 Ja"'- %- CýýTnt

ýý`ý "- ;.. ý_ ,. _ý .ý _ý_.. ý_...... _..ý... ____1 FIELD DAN com""PRY. MAIM OF DA! " U. K.

HEIG; P. (m). ATIM.

CREST ISNGTH. (ra). TT.R.

EmbanIcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Roclcfill co.3EConcrete Concrete Buttress Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COI"IPL^T I ON. R^S", 3VOIR CAPACITY m3 ACID 1FPS:

See Never Fear.

Waterwheels of -Ridgeway and Hackenthrope(1976). ?Ir T. L. Platte. XMID OF DAM. FfM7I?ACE HOUSE PO11) COTRY- U. K.

IMIGG T. (M). AREA. HORSHAM

(m). CREST LENGTH. M. R. TQ 106 333

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBA.R OF COMPLETIO-I. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS

1968. Owner-- The Hon. R. Smith, Hyes Estato, RudMTiok, Horsham.

1968 Failure. Overtopped and major washout. Subsequent partial repair - not to full capacity. NME OF DAM. PtJn TACT' SILL COtfl RY. (rn)" AREA.

CRUST LENGTH. (m). 71.R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIA.R OF COUPLE IOId. RTnVOIR CAPACITY in3 INC ID-ETITS:

see COWDEN. NAA'E OF DAM" GARTHORN DAM. COÜ1;TItT. U. Y'.

HG(m). AREA.

(rm) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

COH"IPLET YBAR OF I ON. Rr-S RVOIR CAPACITY m3 fl CIDM JTS:

Incident 1927. "As a result of recent heavy rains, about 30yde of the embankment on the Western side has subsided to a depth of about Oft. Repair but work commenced at once ' before the work of the piling could be commenced 2011illion gallons of water were run off".

?7, vol 24.

0 NAME OF DA!t. GLANDERSTOt1. COMTTRY. U. K.

HEITIT. (m). AREA.

CR^ST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3A,R OF COMPLETION. IMyRVOIR CAPACITY

m3 IITCID TTS: Failed 30/12/1842 Earthfill Built to meet needs of Springfield & Arthurlie Printworks. Cascade from Higher i--Talton Dam, which didn't fail Insufficient spillway capacity 8 killed. Just before the failure a plank 17" deep'vas erected at the bywash the which raised water level to within 12" of the dam head, giving an additional 11.1 cubic feet of water and causing an extra pressure 25,000 to 30,000 tons. I of some The breach in the embankment was 80ft deep directly I about and was in the natural channel of the outlet stream.

2 small dams at printworks carried away.

Parsondl Communication Renfrew Uistri,. t Council The Annals Barrhead of - Robert Murray Pride - History of the Parish of rdielstom. Paisley Advertiser 7/1/1843.

q.. Comm' NM' OF DA! " GLMTTiORDIAL " U. R.

ALEIcNT. (m). ARNA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 114.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Csauiy MATERIAL. bl COR^. seree. cis CQnc re I' saa cnbre+ýe . Qth r 2! 9

YBAR OF COHPLETION. RL'SERVOIR CAPACITY

1880 63,000 n3 INCID-7NTS : May 1953 Northern Ireland, Tyrone, Earthfill- cored. Constructed 1880 Cap 63 N].. Catchment 556ha. Bywauh blocked with gravel - overtop-ing of dividing bank. Near overtopping of bank - spillway inadequate.

Communication rsonal FerGuson &&1-IcIlveen. - F. F. Posi; itt NA1T OF DA'. GLENOGLE COZT" U. K.

!t IC T. (m). ADA.

C'?:i.: T LENGTH-(n). M. R.

Embank. ent Earthfill puddle TYPE. Qsaml - V."-. '"SRIAL. Reeief! R COR. ßezrera44. Bu t bs ems r- n" r.: so:aý 2!erý e. O t-hor coýay

Yý1R QF CO"DLr''IC''. RýSý'? `JC?'t C:1PACI^Y M3

Failed on night of 9th/10th March 1975 County of Angus Scotland. Severe cold + very cold - trees down with weight of ice on branches and' wind. Waves overtopped and saturated fill. Spillway = suspended R. C. overflow. slip under foundation. Storm - abated 9 fortunately, before any further damage wa- done

N(.ÖI, S"sympösiüm_Neöästle Discussion ýy Arthur Allen. D52

... w, «x naiMw. +.. wr-tYreF fg6xuNýy ... w -a+awrý" .. ý.. 'ý'. e . pw'("'sý? 'ýxM'^9 Iri4. +ýY' M'a.., --:. w _ý-. "- - xaAý ._- .ea. COtfl71IT. NAJ'E OF 7A'. GLM1 CLACHAIG U. K.

T IG=' (m)' Ai...

CR-:,'3T LENGTH. M. R.

Embanic-: ent Earthfi ll Pud31 e TYPE. Gravity h.. T-2,11in. Roc?: ill COQ?. Concrete Buttress Concrete 2?enbrane. " Other A'.asonry

Y MAR OF CC? L''IC''. R7Sý"?YC?? C:1FÄC m3

Failed /1/1811 it /2/1059 (SX. ) After gale swept away part of road at Lock 5 diemantoling lower gates at Lock 6.

GLEN CLACHAIG see Camlock.

} ..

4Ä; Canals of Dated R: ], _ ý___

-Ve NATO 0? DÄ'. GREENFIELD. CCL T''T. U. K.

Enban'--: en: Earthfill Rille "". ", -. 'I; L qae;!! Fi; Concrete T'. PE C .ýf -64-e Yembrane.

Y'L. R CF CCIC". M3 I I7": ' :

I ...

"r 4.

NANE OF DAM. M! TCH cotrn rY. U. K.

HEIGn?P. (m). AREA. 3.5m LICI. =3D (m). CREST LENGTH. 259m 11 12 SK 103 137

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI]AR OF COMPLETION. RMSE VOIR CAPACITY 3 1880 i, INCID= Ss 321.1 gallons

1960.1.8 inches of rain in 12hr period. Flooding at inlet by-pass area causing water to enter-nter reservoir instead of by-pass channel - resulting in overtopping of embankment. No (Following erosions. the incident the by-pass inlet capacity was increased. ).

Owner - South Staffordshire Waterworks Co. M OF 3A'. HARRINGTON CoUlm Ry. U. K.

ýý') Apt^.A. TO-I G-=" " 6m. 1i. R. C:?:3: T 60m.

Y 'R CF CC:'? LE'IC". R]S"'7 VC11 CAFAC! Y M3 I! CIO r?'S:

Failed 30/11/1864 4or5 from Tr1hitehaven. miles lla. m. - failure. 19ft high ' 200+ft long u/s 3: 1, d/s 2?: 1 Under construction, put flashboards Aver entire length Gave way Failed 10 months after construction had started. Aleg QIr1 ýr MkAtNij JIvrom 44 Irv% -VOM&

1 0" 06r 600. Vale C04, CAt -s s 31,A"- CIA.

t 4c ..-

___.. __ fit er Zi'arw ý __---_ ------_. ------__ Carlisle' P-atrioY. - "3/12 &17/12/1864

ý,. ý ý- - ý._ ... ,-_. ._ NMT OF DAN. HENBURYHALL. COMITStY. U. K.

HEIGWP. (m). 3 daaas AREA. Macclesfield

CREST LENGTH. (m). M"R.

Emba lanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COIE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3A,R OF COMPLETION. RnSRVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 19/6/1872. Henbury Hall, near Macclesfield, Cheshire. Case of Nichols v. Marsland June 12th 1875, Trinity Terrt, Exchequer Cases 10,1875-75 p. 255

Surveyor of Cheshire County sued for damage to bridges. Alleged defendant possessed lands and artificial pools with large quantities of water, and took so little or bad care that the water escaped and destrtyrd. 4 county bridges.

Mansion house near Alderly Edge - natural stream called Bagbrook flowed through and then und'e'r 4 county bridges. Defendant had diverted stream and dammed to give 3 pools. "upper" 3 acres in area "middle" 1-2 acres in area "lower" 8-9 is to it

5 p. m. on 18/6/1872 thunderstorm + heavy rain con inued until 3 a. m. on 19th. On morning of the 19th found that the pools had given way, and destroyed 4 bridges. "At the pools were paddles for letting off the water, but for several years they had been out of working order: "Some' engineers and other witnesses gave evidence that in their opinion the weir in the upper pool was fr too small for a darn of that size and that the mischief that had happened through the insufficiency of the means of carrying water" It was not proved when these orns but mental pools were constructed ' it appears that they had existed before the defendant began to occupy the property and no similar accident had ever the knowledge the occured within of witnesses. _-;;

-Private --communication-Iienbury-Half------_ý_ -- Dr. E. Private- communication D. Z3right. ------

-ý. BENBURY HALL.

Held as an accident caused by vis major, or Act o' God No negligence in construction or maintenance of the works, and that the rain was most excessive Appealed to Appeal C-urt with no result.

2z'ß to 1 mile map. Si 87 ref. 870 730 Now only upper and middle in existance. Upper embankment approx. 80m long, rest/ 80m x 250m. Middle i' to 50m. NA10 OF DAM. FHOLT!PIRTH COLiF_---Mly, U. K. 906-MM" HEr(m)" 32M AREA. (rn) Q M. R. CREST GTH. " 9O (169M Sid 49b 1113 Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other hlasonry

RF'=LLVOIIR CAPACI^Y YBAR OF CONPLE"PION . 1840 2300tcm m3 INCID S: Failed 5/2/1852. Incident 1944.

On ^therotr River, Yorkshire.

32m high earthfill embankment. Crest length 160m

In October 1838, first tender accepted, but disrn'te erose with firet contractor, work terminated 1943. Second contractor engaged 1843-1845. Leather visited s; to twice in 18/'4. He geve instructions n his first visit and on his second visit found that the ordern ad been countermanded 'ue to lack of funds - quarrelled antl he. efuced to give my further help.

innie wrote "It is ironic conincidenc th^t the engineer gas eorge Leather, Uncle of John Towwlerton Leather, vrho vs cor. sulting ngin,: er responsble for the der-i, n/specifico. tion of 'Dole Dyke. ilbery dam is an example where cost exceeded Hinds. 'Very little npreciation of the need for skilled competant supervision should e Droviaed during construction. In the letter invitinG Leather o be engineer the commissioners wrote"you will only be rec_uired o come over now end then as circumstances «^.y reouiro becau^- they ould employ a surveyor to attend the works.

pill-way nut in form of 4.5ri diameter circular chiinney which onriunicated with a.. tunnel by pa^sing the dam. "Tormal method of ele. a^in` water from the recervour gras throuch a tr^p door at the ase of the chimney.

In the event of the trap door being insufficient to carry the urplus water during extraordinary supplies the water rising to

.. 0 FOUTPIrh the level(of the top) of the chimney or byes-rash, --)u1d meet with a source of escape pr cumed tobe aiocuote for all. contin. 11 (The encieo. IIolmfirth 71ood, "1; xpress Office" IIolmfirth 1)10, p. 14) heavy rain on 4/2/1852 - w^ter rose at 18""/hr. Trap door blocked with stoned and Heather - fEiled at -.bout hem on 5th, after wrtcr overtopped about midnight. 56 Killed. Coroner said, loose burst material at base at the same time as top overtopped, washing away d/s leaving no sup ort to core. This devasting flood down narrow valley.

Construction led to Messrs. Sharp Sons, Dewsbury in 1838 for F-9,324, but dispute over spring in foundation, this contract broken relet to David Porter e, Bros. and consultant MMr Leather of Leeds to stop spring. Not successful, thus 1raked.

Max. Height 20mß Puddle core 5m wide at bottom, 2.5m ^.t top.

1. Bnn'_k had subsided below the e.pillway(probably due to lea_ka,; e of cast iron pipe through base of d.-n) so that when on excessive flood came it overtop? ed. Discussion by R. Rawlinson.

2. Fever filled apart from on that occasion on which it burst. 'Radly constructed on sandstone rock. See through dam ana rock ' ave rise to subsidence. Mr. Batemoon.

SIMILAR 141444 STb9w1- NA IL To birnniN we"S Cr_ To?. AW099 CAVE, £ 'P op MM M. LMWMW VISRUO T*WaffK-rwK &tIRS M4D Gww ý+CiRUtatbNS p1 Nýt: iiKi Visrn 'm E YvaMb etaosNt ADD ON SEC. wb 4S(r' 'iS %Acfwj .lil NAa tobt' CouwMCTA%%N'Otb Uw M Lwu4 OF rViow AND Fft*4%- IS FMrs o. LERM "a AAth * Ni1. P.

ýiacwýº Fh4twi is = 4-sM4 CAItA "+Ey uwºc.* co +uJ T WM4 aSG»+NIi. '14 0 IDAM. HcftA%. t 8TH D eF IWwD sa WpinM WA61rAt oW A"1itAXWcC P r-WcE &ISE eP 14C Q w* Ey. (4) -sat. .

r6or-Cco Ref: Gruner qua eo 'ý"ýº" smith History of Dams 1971 P. I. C.E. Vol 59 pp 50,66,1879-80 I. C. O. L. D 1969 Bateman J. F. "History of the Yanchester iteterworks" Binnie "The Bvolut! on of British Dams" Flood C. J. "Tunnel Outlets from Storage Reservoirs" ro P. I C. l. Vol- 59,1879, P37 fr%O BAT:^I, "AN Discussion Paper 1660 p. 66 ýýlooeýl,Wd TrJ (A'44)44 i°, L Tolaor. Mtýntaý rl"S , KU&Aw. U5Mi A"3 ooic to aA31. f Qj M00 ASI IqA ür rE &i aA7.j j -166 i ý. in. xýoý A T" 'T cs a ývwýi. $o1As lot- lag , CowMn. Y"W"A.iýl M, "c,0ý{cr, ell ý-rý. ý. rýoaº;ýExý, 1419ýo ,, _Al"d , o}`.ci rla PCAWW3 4 6--L -ßb1 (I ). CO! NARI OF DAM. QTY' PCT'D C?.T'.

(m). 1rn+ AREA. i'IGZ'T. tTOR$?TA!! . (m). M. R. CREST LENGTH. Tj 106 334 Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MIATERIAL. Rockfill co.RD. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIBAR OF COAIPLETIO?J. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

N. Y. m3 iNCID=S: 7Y Gallons.

1968 Brach occured approx 12m vide x am deep occured during, 1: 200) year storm , at site of old breach repair consistin; - of 300 x 31") mm greenheart piles to which 75mm thick R. C. planks h^; been bolted. Side struts of R. C. on 11s side. Failure probably caurc'i by rurting of the fixing bolt-- + ovortor-in..

Dam must be very old ar for many years there had born no im ounrUing (accorling to old O. S. maps). Ori. -inal breach prob biy repaired by fishing syndicate a few ye7rs Above A281 near Rudgwick of IIorshan. NAME OF DAM. IT.TBHAAIS POND COMMIRY. U"i".

(m). AREA. IMIGý'T. HA 3TT''1 71

(m). I1. R. CREST LENGTH. 120r.ß & 75r. SU 928 335

Embanlcnent Earthfi 11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YTIAR OF COMPLETION. R-S,. n, VOIR CAPACITY 3 i'TCID ors: 1968 Failed Breach in the lower embankment occurer 3m x 2m deep during 1: 200 storm. Upper lam 120m long, lower 74m.

Overspill structure 6m wide with centre penstock, inejec, uate There are two ponds immediately -Ajacent but at d.iffcrent levels and the Total capacity is greater than 511 gallons.

"'state, surrey. Owners - The Furnace Place Haslemere 1 mile due 'mast of Haslemere. AMY'S TTAI,M OF DAM. MILL T)AY. cotm RY. U. K.

I IG'zT. (ii). ARUA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). Ii. R.

Embankment Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. G rt&y MATERIAL. r! 1 COIF. Concrete BU=MQSZ Betwirte Membrane. Ct er F"Y

YIIAR OF C01"IPLEPIO?i. TESEIVOITZ CAPACITY in3 I21CID'=S:

sac.tJºýºýý, I ýi1, ýOý 1ýýýnýtý1ýt 21 II lBäS - cc. ec+o4t NM OF DAN. KEITTM,,'ARE. COUI TfY. U. K.

NEIG' T. (m). 17.5m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 250m. M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OP COMPLETION. RESM VOIR CAPACITY 1848. In3 INC IDNNTS : Incident 1848 Built 1848, ht 58ft, 1 th 832ft. Byiash washed out.

nenaai reservoirs - Trans Cumberland & t-7estmorland Antiquarian Archaelogist Soc. ' vol 73,1973 Personal Communication - Westmorland Gazette.

I .. NAItC OF DA,,!. KENWOOD HOUSE COLmtrfY" U. K.

ýT (M) A! A. FLIC . . CREST LENGTH.(m). IT. R.

Embanlanent E arthfi ll Puddle TYPE. 9~ 44 MATERIAL. _--o_:==41 CORE. Concrete ea-s Oerrerebe Menbrane. firer won

YBAR OF COMPLETION. 117S'.:,"IVOIR CAPACITY

n3 IITCID7-;PITS : Failed August 1975 On edge of Hampstead Heath, London. Landscaped area. 50 mm of rain in 4 hrs. 5 highgate ponds builtt probably well over 200 years ago for water to that banks 6m supply area. Low up to 5m or high, - every one overtopped - short term storm.

61 DCIIS. 53a, t, uw - 12 eJ L 4 I'IL 20. S 3 411 3¢ 2 15 3 1 isI&L 20 2

. Dal. v1, U ay; nposlum i wcaz'LI . TTAT.Tr op 7Atf. KPPLE COVE COMMIRY. U. K.

SIG"T. (m). 40ft AREA. LAIE DISTRICT

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R. rn 31 NW

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COT.IPLEPIO'1. R3S]3VoIR ' 1PACI^Y

24,000 m3 Ii+ CIDE'irTS :

29/10/1927. Failed.

Used for lead mining - on concrete sluice lead water to turbines for the mine.

A gap 80ft bride and. 50-60ft deep was torn in dam, and then a wall of water "tore up tress, rolled boulders, and. damaged farm buildings. It carried a bridge away near Glenridding and debris the was carried right across lake, about a mile - to flood up I the opposite shore.

Originally natural barrier(glacial)strengthened and heightened to create a dam.

6 acre reservoirs 40ft high. 100ft thick at base. 80ft thick at top.

Failed at 01.45ar"

Cumberland and Glestmorland Herald. Cumbria County Council - Personal Communication. Westmorland Gazette, 5/11/1927 NPJ,TE OF DA°T. KETTERING COM',TRY. U. R.

(m) AREA. IEIGPT . . 13.8m. (n) R. MST LENGTH. . i i.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT RIAL. Rockfill CORD,. Censpe-t Buttress Concrete jam, Other Masonry

YI3A.R OF COHPLL'TIOrd. VOIf CAPACITY Tn3 ITIC ID71NTS: , Failed /9/1905 gettlement 112ft wide on crest$ u/s 3: 19 d/s 21: 1. Max. Ht. 46ft(13.8m) Puddle core settlement.

E. R. 30/9/1905, vol 52 NAI"'CEOF DM',. KILAT1TRINGATN LOCH comy]M Y. U. K.

NEIG"iT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH-(m). IT. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. RS VOIR CAPACI^Y m3 INCID:, TTS:

= BALTHAYOCK LOCH. NM1 OP JjLm. KILLMIARSH corny'rty. U. E.

10,IG'T. (m). 7m ARIA. WORKSOP

(m) 11T.R. SK 809 CREST ISNGTH. . 240x.1 A73

Erºbanl=ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATEIIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Vembrane. Other Masonry

YIlAR OF C0? "IPLET I O"T. R7:Sl:,; 3VOIR 1APACI^Y 105,000 m3 INCIDENTS:

1968: Spillway capacity inadequate, therefore reservoir allowed during (3r)0ft) to overtop tennorarily a flood over l1r of crest lenth.

1976.91m(300ft)level concrete kerb set on enbrn? anent crert to a.ct as overspill section.

1976. Outlet culvert rebuilt.

1976. Reo2. irs to pitchi-g.

Dam allowed to overtop over 91.4n(300ft)in the tines of flood. Da" crest has been levelled and well Grassed. sold re-ervoir to '. F. T . in 1976.

Halcrow - Letter dated 31/10/77. DTAIIMOF DAM. KILLINGTON COUmrrnr. U. K.

A! A. `(M) " KENDAL CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanknent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Roc?tfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI3AR OF COMPLETION. IM MMOIR CAPACITY m3 INC ID-TITS :

30July, 18'36.

Near Kendal.

"In the depth a severe winter Killingon Reservoir, built in 1820 to feed the Kendal and Lancaster Canal., was thickly frozen over when there was a sudden thai-it accompanied by a change of wind from the South to North and heavy rain. The swollen streams noured into the already full reservoir, the ice broke up and was driven against the embarkment which failed and the resultant flood. "

Too small a spillway. Failed Friday, 30th July, 1836.

"What infact happened was that Killington Reservoir was built with too small a apillway. It would not carry the heavy rain on the night of Friday, 30th July, 1836, and was in danger of overtopping the embsnkment. The reservoir keeper took a, spade and opened up the channel at the South ?Test end of the smaller erbankme-it which made up the full dam. Naturally the rush of water quickly widened this, causing a considerable flood which diel quite a lot of damage and thoroughly : cared people - farms bordering Peasey Beck. The breach in the dam was 15yds wine and was repaved by 50 men in eight hours.

Trans. Cumberland and. Westmorland Antiquarian and ArchacoloCical Socity. Vol. 73, New Series P325. Personal Comrruncation - Westmorland Gazette, Fri. Aus. 6th 1836 NAI' OF DAIT. L. NAM BREAC BUIDIm. coTmT y. U. K.

AREA. _(m) " (m) I.T. R. CREST I, E GTE. .

En.banlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COI-',. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIt R OF COMPLETION. TMERVOITI CAPACITY

M3 INCIDENTS:

f NATT OF DA*,!- LIGHTWOOD. COUIITnY. U. K.

(M) AREA. _. ___ ý. _ ..._ ... _..,._ _. _ __. .. _ ID IG - .

CREST LENGTH. (m).

Embanl ment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ulwfit7 TATIIAL. CORE. Concrete Ce*evete Membrane. meevrrry

YBAR OF COI"IPLMON . R^SBRVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID=-, S:

Failed Accident 31/7/1881 Near Buxton. duly "Buxton was visited by a heavy thunderstorm on Sunday afternoon 31st at about 1 o'clock. Lighting very vivid and startling. A bywash the at new reservoir in Lightwood burst and the embankment was carried into the reservoir, doing damage to the extent of XlOO.

t i

9 NAI"'E OF DAM. LLAI? TmILL1'TT7 COU1;TRY. U. K.

AREA. _(rn) " (n) CREST LMGTH. . M. R.

Embanient Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI AR OF COMPLMOTT . R 'IVOIR C.,TACI^Y m3 INCID ITS: v1Y naAT, m-. _J n-m n eºx_ LLYN BODGYNYDDBACH CCM"TZY. U. R.

HEIGn'T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDA.R OF COI"IPLETIO11. TM-sm, VO-IR CAPACI^Y In3 INCIDE JTS:

Overtopped byIfind Action. SEE LLYN BODGYNYDD MMAWit.

Earthfill built in 1880's to 15ft high North 1.7ales industrial , areas now used for recreation. Ownership obscure - no one wants to take responsibility. Area of Resv. 20 acres.

i j i a

ian Fox & Partnoro.

0.. COtmTF(Y. NAIAD OF DJLM. LLYN BODGYNYDD MAWR U. K.

NF'TG; T. iml_ 5m. AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MIATERIAL. Roc?cfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIL R OF COMPLETION. RMERVOIR CAPACITY 1880's. m3 INCIDMNTS: Overtopped by wind action. and laked quit badly. Built in 1880's. Earthfill with dry rubble masonry facing. Ht 15ft Annual average rainfall 80 inches. Area of Reservoir. 20 acres. Ownership obscure - leased by Angling Club, North Wales situated above LLYN BODGYNYDD BACH

Bank cut down and spillway constructed.

4rea 9 acre s.

:man Fox & Partnern. NAME OF DAM. LLYN D! ARCIB Td. COU TRY. U. K.

HEIG'-iT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE,. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIi1. R OF COI"IPLEPIO?sT. RMERVOIR CAPACITY in3 INC IDNJTS :

Not the main dam that failed but a subsiduary "cut off" dam. Lake of Moving Island. Mentioned as natural dam by Gerald Cambriensis in 1158 and again in the 1700's by Pennant.

Artificial impoundment took pl^ce in 1850 for a corner mine at Dram-y- Coed, - drove 7 water wheels for power. 300ft long.

Two steep masonry walls about 15ft high enclosing earthfill 18ft wide across the ton. A sn_illway 5ft wide & 3ft deep was provided at the other end.

Personal Communication- C. D. Crosthwaite - freeman Fox Partners.

I COMITRY. NAflI OF DAM. LOCH AIRGH NA LIC U. K. (m) AREA. HEIG'-'T. . 3-4m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Emb anlcnent Earthfill Puddle oy MATERIAL. "_ 1± CORE. Concrete TYPE .C Dc Membrane. -94k-et

YI3AR' OF COMPLETION. MSE7 VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 27/8/1933 Near Stornoway, Isle of Lewis. 3-4m high earthfill, "The retaining embankment of a loch, from which Stornoway, Isle Levris draws its' of water supply, collapsed over a space of 20ft on Sunday night as a result of exceptionally heavy. rain, and the waters after carrying away 3 footbridges, invaded-the Castle Polociec where 4 bridges destroyed , were. antic a considerable length of carri- ageway washed into the IV river. Houses were flood, some to a depth of 2 feet. Damage done was to crops in all parts of the island. thought to be poorly constructed.

ritish Rainfall 1933 p. 66 tornowäy. Gazette ; -lest Coast" Advertisd Friday Sept. 1st. 1933 . LAw. NML OF DA!!. LOCH CLACHAIG. COUMIRY. U. K. __ , ... HC'IG7T. (rt). AREA. ... CREST LENGTH. (m). IT. R.

Embanlment Earthfill, Puddle TYPE. Gravity I TERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YJA.R OF CO?"IPLE ION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

see CA!ILOCK.

0 NAI.'M OF DA?d. LOCH DUTrrELCHAIG COUIFPtY. U. K.

IB; IG'fi2. (m). 1.25m AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 17.2m M. R. NH 646 320

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YM OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 3 1930 6,270 INCIDMIPS-.

1970. Spillway and dam reconstructed due to overtopping damage.

Omer - Highland Regional Council.

Council.

.. 0 NMT OF DAM. LONG & ROUND DMIS cotm'1TIY. U. K.

AREA. _(M) - (n) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Emban1ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gverrirby MATERIAL. l^-" iefti CORE. Concrete Concrete Membrane. 044 er 9

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RD'S '3VOIR CÄPACITY n3 IPICIDMITTS:

Failed 3/6/1908 Skipton Castle Woods 12d. Yorks. 'Eller Beck which traverses the Embsay Moor watershed and is fed by a large nunber of moorland streans soon overflowed its banks. The vol ume of water increased to an alarming extent, and about 4 o'clock, after carrying away 2 bridges on the links to Skip-ton Golf Club water rushed into what is known as Loni Dam in Skipton Castle Woods. The bank soon gave way and the beautiful ravine, which had been admired by thousands of visitors was reduced to a very sad state. At the Skipton tend of the Long Dam is the Round Dam, from which surplus water passes by means of a c]. ough into a continuation of the Eller Beck Stream. The Round Dam the . was soon a seething mass of water which rushed over ; banks. The banks themselves became undermined and gave way with a great thud. Owners Skipton Woods Ltd. Originally erected for steam making at local mill Now ornamental ponds. 'Overtopped 4-_ L, Round Dan Earthfill -1t6 nca{ 4. ' aVene seV% Long Dam -a nearly vertical Concrete dam + earthfill

: Flood also washed out Spindle Mill in Embsay Village before that.

Britsh Rainfall. 1908 . P88-91- Communication from Skipton Castle. COtflTTRY. NKT 0? DA! '. LOERCROFT U. K. AREA.

-(ni)" (m) Ii. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Erabanlcnent Earthfill Puddle iii TYPE. by MATE tIAL . CORE. Concrete fie __ ear Membrane.

YDAR OP COT-IPLETIO'i. RESERVOIR CAPACITY 3 1.150,000 gallons. INCIDMITS: Failed 5/12/1852. At Elton near Ainsworth Lancs, 3 miles North of Bury. Built by John Ihitehead. Overtopped 7a. m. Sunday morning, 9 a. m. puddle gave way, after d/s had been washed away . Breach 36ft high & 40ft wide. Overtopped reservoir below its both being constr. to supply dye & bleach works of Whitehead. Destroyed & houses, ,ý works 1-2 small bridges, two further reservoirs c further down the valley belonging to another mill. tDamage 930-35,000 Capacity 1.150,000 gallons. h1hitehead bleach works now occupied by Lowercroft Warehouse Ltd., Road, , owercroft Bury - subsidary of H. J. Heinz & Co. Zr John TiThitehead ; recorded in his diary that a local reservoir 1burst but did not specify which one

JALSO CALL1 ") UHIT_'"EADS MIDDLE LODGE.

lohnondon Illustrated News. 11/13/1852. is 24/12/1852--- etter from Bury Library. - --! _ _- .. _.- -- _- -- - ; ithitehead's pocket Book 1856 The Story Cockey Moor Ainsworth of otherwise _ Rev. K. PTBullock 1973 Personal Comnu.-iication. Bolton ?Metro. - Exchequer Cases 1' 1866 H. T. Simpson. Points of Law relating to Reservoirs, Paper 1.21 p4. BNCOLD 1975 yin . MALT OF DAM. LOITM BLACK V10SS CCM',T C. U. R.

IM IG--IT. (n, ). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. tarty MATERIAL. Ree'. ITI C0= Concrete Membrane. Q"Gi>

YBAR OF COP"MPL'IO? d. RrS''IVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INC IDMITTS : 1V flJ' Vl" LONER CREGGAN. .J CCMIITRY. IT AIM Nm 'IeII,T _

NEIG T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Goaw#44 MAT^RIAL. *_ 1 CORE. Concrete Gnaiae4e Membrane. Qip l! 'rß'9

YIJAR OF COI"IPLET I O?d . RF'S23VOIR CAPACITY in3 INCIDE ITS: NAME OF DAM. LO', NFUADD. COTMITAY. r;. ß.

HEIG7T. (m). AREA. IA?L`rA.

LENGTH. (m) M. R. CREST . 200m.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete ! cribrane. Other Masonry

Y13AROF COBIPLET I OTJ . Räß TVOIR CAPACI^Y 1844 195,500 m3 INCIDENTS:

The overflow cili was lowered 10ft in the 1960'e because of vet patches at the toe of the d-m. It was then discovered this earth dam hed been overto1*? ed in the late nineteenth centua y whilst attempts were being made to insert a puddle core in the dam after its' original(earlier) construction. The only information of this comes from a newspaper cutting. Built 1844 Lenrth 2()0m. Earthfi 11 M.ß. SO 028 190 3 Capacity 195,500 m Com'T NAME OF DAN. LtYZGASHALL PiILI. PC*'n '

HEIG1T. (m)" 5m. AREA.

CREST LENCTH. (m). loom. M. R. 11 'V * 259

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT_'RIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF CON'"IPLEPION. R'SLVOIR CAPACITY 1870 pre q4lgawm ra3 rNCID-HITS: -renter thnn '-T' Callonn. sa), L&M 15 Sept 1968 large tree in overflow. Overtopped, d/a slono erocc1t urtil major release of water occurcd. This would have h^ppen wetlicr Vic tr"re r: as there or not as spillway inadequate. Heavy rain. T1arning given to Police some hours before fnilurr. Breached during night of 16th p causing breach 5Oft wide rtn*I l5-21ft deep. * T'r J. ^. Taylor eye witnec"-.

1)69 a fixe?. level einer-ency weir and spillway built.

Owners - Leconfiel: t '",state, The Estate Office, ictwortü.

6m x 100m, max ht l7ft. Compacted sandstone with alight clay content, built pre 1780. Breach 30m x 6m occured during 1: 200 year storm. Cnoaeity of npiltwny reduced by debris. Estimated that discharge after collapse exceeded 4500 cusecs. Main sluices had been obstructed by floating debris. Catchment 12 square miles, surface area 25 acres, atorate 20.4? ' -nllona /spillway ]arthfill wit'' combined sluice on north end and emergency spillway conot cted on d/s slope & crest at highest section. A high level sluice which used to serve a corn mill was filled in and abandon ed. Gates 2,6'5" x 4'8" high raised to give 6'5" x 61 openinC. 6'5"wido Service - Twin brick arched culverts 7'11" high x and 18' 2" long discharging to open bricklined channel. Emergency 13'4" wefar discharging to pit drained by 4x 24" din concrete pipes to apron 20.4" wide on dfa. Road spillway 20' 4" wide. on mar W. , Bavins used at toe of clam.

J. T,,.Taylor Report of Failure. Personal Communication. West äuocox County Council. " "" sw%%%Gotte &vwtru S. Jlm&t%Wosv Whe, 4S L+ - wnro,f S) Wlci ¢-3"Lr to M"CZ 4 .. 0 w44 A---, $A sr 4r4 NAI,'B OF DAY. MOCHDRE COUISTRY. U. K.

iEIG, 'T (M). AREA. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). I,i. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YM OF COMPLM I0? J. R°ST_'RVOIR CAPACITY

59000 ý3 INCIDENTS: Overtopped 1611936 Ne'vrtony Montgomeryshire Cap. 59M19 59000 m Understood to have been subject to overtopping and washout during severe floods of June 1936. NAIL OF W. M. NANPANTOr1. Comm"11Y. U. K. 7ý4- M, IG'? T. (n). AREA. ý.p 18oiloýoH

(m) CREST LENGTH. . M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE Gr it MATERIAL. 11 f± '? . coi . r-=---+e B"toaas cite Sane. Ottm. L

MBAR OP COMPLETION. PUTS'EIVOIR CAPACITY

1870 ( wt m3 INC ID:,: T1 :

Failed 20/7/1875 In scheme for Loughborough Water Supply of 1866. Nanpanton in the Zdoodbrook(also called ioodbrook Resv. ) near Buckhill Bridge. (ZzM Capacity 2211 gallons ?) Applied to Government in 1068, resv. opened 1870 Rain in Loughborough area on 20thNay 1875 *5 inches Overtopped and for nearly 2/ hrs town in dire straights, expecting bank to jhe late give way. Mr Georce Hodson, after examining the resv. cut another overflow and releived the pressure. -c Catchment 1057 acres. Area of works 115 acres. U14, als 3: 1

0046. 4rQSý 6-12" Ill o It alWUM C.&JA 4-cp.

Water & Water Engineering. March 20th 1926, p. 125, vol 28

C4 - r1AI-TEof DA!. NEVER F EAR COÜi71'flY. U. K. x_(m). AT)RA. (n) M. R. CREST Lr,:-NGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

OF COI. IPLE I O'I YBAR . R' S'lIVOIR CAPACI^Y In3

( "The weir of the dam and of Field's Dam next mill d/c) was washed away one night in the 1920's ending the life of the wheel". A sunken outline of the dam and sluice is all that remains.

Waterwheels of Ridgeway and Hackenthorpe(1976). IT.r T. L. Platts.

ýI NPJ E OF DAM. NORTHAMPTON UNION CANAL. COÜfVTRY. U. K.

HEIG_'T. (m). AREA.

(m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C +r MATERIAL. n rtti . CORE. Concrete B%44000ý Orhe Membrane. (}t hý M0844tl y

YIMR OF COMPLETIO1. RMERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS : Failed 23/8/1865 20 hrs of rainfall, canal near Smeeton, Northamptonshire Union Canal. (60 at Saddington Reservoir, acres in size).

Water flowed over tow-path Cracked bank, but cracking enlarged and gave way.

10 between locks mis . thus a grr at deal of water jBreach 60ft wide at top and 20ft long.

F OF DÄ COÜF;TZY. NMI . Nr. BRISTOL. U. K. (m) lOm. AREA. TMTr.-m - - (m) M. R. CREST L'E'NGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gam.: p MAT1RI L. R"*o'_ffli COME. Concrete Membrane. @btrey QTY

YDAR OF C01"MPLETIO"_d . R'TSMVCIll CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

Overtopped on Two occasions. Mill dam built in the 1700's. 10m high. Gradually enlarge i to 10m high. for works wholey situated below darn in valley Gravel + masonry, 57 degree d/s slope, vertical u/s. Overtopped on two occasions between 1900 & 1968 and 20 years before. NAM, OF DAM. NR. PUMLUi1i0I1. COUII'1'RY. U. K. (n) AREA. HEI G'7T. .

CREST LENGTH. (m). I.T. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COHIPLMIOT . Rr M, VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCID TS: NAI,in OF DA.',!. NEAR LOUGHBOROUGH COmITRY.

AREA. HEIG7 _(m)

CI ST LENGTH. (m). it. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfi 11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLETION. R'-"M VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS :

Overtopped July 1885. 1000 acres catchment. z full at time of flood, - just overtopping as woman capo to out e extra overflow.

.! c" f r

ýý_ MA/9ts 'M 1Y 1111... 1 va' 'a. OLDIiAbI. U. K. A T A',i COmrj rrf . (m) AREA. TOIL"T' . (m IT. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YAR OF COMPLETION. RES71VOIR CAPACITY

181,840 m3 INCIDENTS:

I8 Brushes Clough 9 not really ov-rto; )»inC.

Embankment replaced by present Bruches Clough Reservoir.

r COtmTr Y. NAIT OF DA! . OTTERHEAD LAIE U. K. (m) ARUA. PEIG'? T. . 2.4m.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 76.2m. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle ii TYPE. y MATERIAL . Rea?s CORE. Concrete But±. res s vvrrcrýtT Membrane. GiWrcr pe! emrryl

YBAR OF COMPLETIO`T. Rý`S^RVOIR C:IPACI^_Y 1900 ca. m3 211 gallons INCIDENTS: Failed July 1968 9/10th July 2 million gallons Artificial lake, now used as pump storage rev. During storm bank overtopped and eventually erosion took place adjacent to spillway causing complete loss of storage. Embankment rebuilt using imported clay and marl with extended overflow facilities. No further problems.

I 9

Letter from J. Moat, Divisional Director, Fleosex Water. NAME OF DAM. OVER DAR?T . COMTTRY. U. K. HEIG-lT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RLSEVOIf CAPACITY

In3 INCIDENTS:

SGAt. 1'wen

_.ý CCU'T"_'TiY. 7A1,--1 c7

A', 7, .

, nT 77- ", TH T.' R.

Puddle Embwnkrent Earthf11 TYP--. 12,. CO. Concrete _ 1 6ertez-care Membrane. Dio r

P-zc+Tr TCI nn_ýnnl? V y _v Y^ O Ccý--.IMTO" - -- M3

JITC 1-)717 C' i. ', 73 '' V '_ "n Ur C1 ^ý n. 1ý) ý1ý '^n? ' r^_ 1tE 6of r, -, in, over 2!, - Overvoppe .. ;rotective vegetation. C )m ý.wýy to depth of 12m of erlbank*ment uo. -he-1 in 1941. 7 '. re bi emeht ^ er recon"'tricti. on ý'rl; i 21? ý f rC G''Jo r rý LCC'. y

t_cýi ""'ýýCr. : ci ieH

.ý

ýýý

ýR sly -an 02 M. i . # arý4 ýs ýýý ýr Y AM&I . 107 "ainstorm blamed for canal bank failure 'lighit liore 12 along four boats. after the event British level of the canal, running along a of in with fortay5 Board than The BWB think the freeboard kn engineers are still steep slope, more quickly water original be 7sandy following 411t survey bankderodaway. settlement . embankmof ing construction the in eS t ftheailure on the Peak topped the clay of embankment 1941 Isure dm I its protective af culvert h canal. lndred Sixty away. Pictures: Dally E pr Man- and six mm of rainfall etation. of the 48 hour to a depth ehester. 1a, ý; ý"ýi the washed away

ý.. .. NMt OP 3k". PICKUP B A]K. CCMTTItY . U. K.

AREA.

CREST LE1GTH. (n). M. R.

Embanlcent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Cri. ýy MATT IAL. ^_ e1 co.RE(3eýs Concrete Beý real orebe Membrane. iii

MAR OF COTIPLM IO'T. RrSy3VoIß CAPACI^Y

m3 INCIDENTS :

Incident J41y 1974 Intensive wave carr Iteservoirover ' heavy rain + winds. Verbal report from Keeper ' no official record kept.

r t I

Personal communication - N. W. W. A. uAT1F OM MIT- PIPINGFORD PARK C0 U. K.

(M) 6m. RDA. _G7_ .

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R. TO 450 316.

Embanlmnent Earthfill Puddle rty MATERIAL. ° ii44 CORE. Concrete TYPE . Thi± al" s Membrane. G#.har T nnrv

RD'SIVOIR CAPACITY YI3AR OF COIIPLET I ON. 1696 m3 INC I=S : Hamer pond. Sussex. in Failed 1972 , Ashdown Forest Built 1696, raised im in the late 18th or early 19th century. Blo-m up by army in 1945 or soon after war. Breach 1971 repaired or 1972 , but fill soon washed out. Failed 1972 to , overtopped and breach sufficient empty reservoir.

ý1 Clay faced on u/s with wall 2 ft thick, the bottom of which is of stone and the top brick of modern type.

Lotte from Pr. Law B'i rakeries. Zxealcon Iron by ErneAt David & Charles 1969 Cannon manufacture at Pipinford Sussex. The excavation of two Iron Furnaces of-C. 1717 D Crossley - Journal of the Society for Post 99 Medieval archaeology vol 1975, P"3. NAIL OF DAM. RADFIELI) FOLD COM71IRY. U. K*

IIG;. (ra). AREA.

LENGTH. (n) M. R. CREST .

Embanlm, ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YflAR OP COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

In3 INCIDENTS : NAM OP 7A". RADCLIP cotmTTIY.

IG'T. (ct). AREA.

(m) M. R. CPEST LE GTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MAT' I4L. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Y13AR OF COT.tPLETIO? I. RS VOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS :

Failed 1//5/1889.

"Just before 6pm last evening a large reservoir between Radcliffe and Uhitefield, and adjoining the railway incline towards Radcliffe with alarming rapidity. It flowed into the to''m causing damage to shops and houses. Mortunatly the railway officials became aware of the catastrophe in time to stop an express from Manchester to '3acup. The reservoir was completed only last week and grater was admitted on Sturday. It was only one third full" Times dated 15th ?{ay, 18"9

Times 15/5/1889 Personal Communication G. 11. Binnie. *T A? Tn RAITTBOt LIJLI"Z _i AMv1" n---. A.T FORGE coui^PRY. U. K.

AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). III. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COHPLE PI O"1. PF-M,RVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCID31ITS:

Failed 1926 "Dare" 120 yds long, 70yds wide and 5ft deep. Reservoir area 1.432 acres. The damaged darn gras Made good afterwards.

RAI'JB07? FORGE = BIRLEY FORGE. SEE o'er. I

Platts T. L. TU,.terwheels of Ridgeway & Hackenthorpe 1976. Communication Personal - Sheffield City Library. MAIM' OF DA!'. RAINBOW FORGE DAM. COMMIRY. U. K.

(m) 2m. AREA. TiEIGi . . ca.

MST LS':'1G"_'H. (rn). 108m.

Eribanlcent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. C MMATRIAL. 1+__, _r±± 1 CORE. Concrete IWA4 Membrane. - e"o-o

'(BAR OF COMPLD?IO'T. InSIT3VOIß CAPACITY

m3 r' ailed 1926 At Hackenthorpe, Yorks. Burst recently, flooded area for 12 miles 360ft(108m) long, 210ft(63m) wide and 5ft(1.5m) deep. Sheffield Coal Co. Burst occured near flood gates and waters pined the "County Dyke" - the border between Yorkshire & Derbyshire.

Water ^" t"Tater Engineering 21/7/1926 vol 28, p. 263 N9,10 OF DAM COMITRY. . ROGERS POTND. U. K. NEIG T. (m). AREA.

(m) M. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanlcnent Earthfi11 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMPLEPION . RASE VOIf CAPACITY m3 INCID TPS-. CYMC eg. .5m

a t N-19 OF DAM. ROUND DM1. COtrnTrnY. U. K.

HEIG77T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF CO?IPLEPIOIT. RrSERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIT)=,S:

SEE LONG DAM.

1 i (Upper), NAME: OF DAM. RUNM DE COm;ýl'nY . U. K.

HEIL-T. (m). 12m. AREA. Strathclyde.

(m) CREST LENGTH. . M.R. NX 372 538

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR -CAPACITY 1887 m3 INCIDE ITS: Overtopped 1961. Damage to d/s mitre - T. W. L. kestricted by 2m. Sheet 67, NX 372 538. Built 1887 to 12m. Raised Im in 1899 Strathclyde Regional Council Area.

P. I. C. E. 1976.,

f.. NMI OF MIT. ECALETTS FAT. COMTT Y. U. I'. _(m). AREA. (m). CREST LENGTH. 11.R. TC 455 Boo Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill COTM. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

II1AtR OF COIIPLETIOI1. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3

Failed 5/9/1968 Repaired 1976/77 Owner of Furnace Till (r? Cowlen says dam which failed. was $ carletts; the owner of Scarletts counterclaims it was Furnace rin which fail ed rrJoý m4&eA. r Cewäan 4 Forn. -ca.MJl.

rersonal vommunicatiion xenti Uounty council. NM' OP DAAD'. SCOTT FOU?'?DRAY DV. i. cote r'ny. U. K.

HEIGý'T. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m)o IT. R.

Embank ent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

MIR OP COMPLETION. RrS"IVOIf CAPACI^Y m3 INCID- S:

a, hº6ºf16111

r COLii;r T. U. K. ruat, TS '°7ATERCO- NAME OF DAM. AREA. 11EIG"?T. (m) . I.I. R. CREST LEN GTH. m" puddle Earthfill Concrete Embankment Rock'fill CO . ýrtATr tterabrane. TYPE. Gravity concrete Buttress masonry Other 1PACITY R';, ý'iVOIß C YnAR OF COIIPLET un3 .I"

IIICIDMTITS :

s 04 &. -AwvýV

'1ý ýýý ý,º{.;, ý.rýýý ýý,ý ý' il i i f y; ;ý ý;i ýi: , ý'i ,. liýý ýýi a I' ý MAKE OF DAPS. SHERBORNE com"nZr. U. K.

HE(m). 7m. AREA.

(m) 150m. 1T.R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. y MATERIAL. Rs-e 61 CORE. Concrete bs Ge"Ov Membrane. Ot1.ar t rr

YDAR OF COI"IPLETIONJ. i SMVOIf CAPACI^Y 1756. 55,000 m3 INCIDZITTs: Dorset Built 1756 by Capability Brown Cap 55 t. c. m. area 20 ha. 7m high, 150m long, 60m baso. Overflow 4m wide, discharge l. 5cumesc"- inadequate Evidence of overtopping.

Somerset River Authority now dredged to increase capacity from 55 to 570 t. o. m. low syphon + spillwa increased to 10.67m. Freeboard maintained at 1.83m. Discharge cap. now 113 cumecs.

Kenard B. N. C. O. L. D. Newcastle. sý,. e..Jcoux, a. NAME OF DAM. SICELMORLIE comS2'nY. U. K.

i IG'IT. (m). 16 ft A' A.

(n) CREST LENGTH. . 1;. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Cromi4y MATERIAL. D- = COß^. Concrete =e s camo Q Membrane. 64ker P?-e*try

YIIMt OF COMPLETION . R^SEýVOIR CAPACITY m3 r%TTnn1 n INC ID^NTS : Failed %8/4/1925 Catchment 33 acres Storage capacity 54 M illion gallons Quarry with drainage culvert to reservoir - thic culvert had become choked with debris. During a period of heavy rain the quarry filled with water, and when it had developed sufficient head it burst through the cho4age in the culvert, discharging all into the reservoir. The overflow, which was a pipe through the dam could not cope - overtopped 16 killed Cap of upper Skelmorlie 3M gallons, 11 lower It 5.25?! gallons. linsuffeient spillway cap. - 1-18" pipe

water o water i ngineering tyza r jolt Catalog Smith History of Dams p. 232 1971 London. London Times 1932 Reprint from "Engineering" (london. ) ICOLD Congress Edinburgh Ma. 1964 J1Dfr hloXir1 L3olir c'6 Lß.li4. zS fK3E Slieýlýrlýa . ti ITA TE OF 3M. SKELPER COÜ1VZY. U. K.

AREA. Vi(m) . (m) Ii. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIBAR OF COMPLET I O'd . R=VOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS:

"Skelper Danz burst on 28th January 1809" äow, l)Frr4 Lower s ar od

(1976). 1Platts T. L. a erw ee sow orpo NAI'IE OF SLAUGHAMMILL POND COU T1Trf. U. K.

FLIG"T. (M). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). MR.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle 5- ßy MATERIAL. R TYPE . okfiL1 CORE. Concrete 30"m es Vembrane. QIUO&r

YTIJLR OF COUPLEPIO'd. R^S!,;3VOIR CAPACITY

m3 IITCID71TS : Sussex - mentioned in Doomsday book. Derelict relic of Sussex iron industry. - no suitable spillway. Full of holes. Lt was inspected by order of a court which then ordered drainage & abandonment after the owner could not afford to carry out the inspectors recommendations. One of the few cases where court action has been taken. Not large enough to fall within the Act.

Parish of Slaugham in Sussex. No plans, but shown on map published' in 1795" ICrest uneven I freeboard 1 ft. Slopes covered by trees of great age. A large hole pipe near the toe had affected the crest causing subsidence and subsequent overtopping. Only method of releasing water from the pond was from a stop log sluice - enabling the water level to be dropped 2 ft. Capacity of spillway with stop logs removed 27 cuseca. which is 2" equivalent to of raih oh the catchment. Spillways consist of a main weit-where spillage can take place over the top of the stop logs in place ' and a secondary weir. 6ft ist spillway - lft freeboard long. 2nd t* concrete weir lift long. Combined capacity now 56 cusecs. Results of inspection: Spillway inadequate Cap 181.1 gallons Catchment 1250 acres. Av. rainfall 33.5"1/year. 17.04 depth Area acres t 5ft.

(Binnies) FI. J. CARLYLE discussion in Kennards Paper "Internal Conditionn f Old Eartr Dams p. 149 1972 vol 26 etter from F. Law, report from Carlyle. Comirny. T? NAI-'!E OF DAM. ST Imr?, ACH DAM "Tr.

(m) ATMA. HEIG'__. . 4m T'OR' WILLTÄ (m). 1 R. MST LENGTH. 39M . 77" 639 661

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity h1AT"-fIAL. Rockfill COR^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF C011PLETIO?S. P,':, 'ST-', '1VOIR CAPACITY 3 About 1925 220T"T1 INCID ITS:

1957/58: - A washout of part of the em h'nkment wa repaired.

1961/62: - A washout of the bank extending 10m wide -nd. 3m deer, caused by overt oppin rrs rebuilt in pe of ani turf. The seil L w.. s contained in the lower reservoir.

1963/71: - The spillway was enlarged -nr t'e freeboard increased by the building of routs of stone-filled. -abions, partly as a result of a statutory inspection.

Above Kentra ]say wrterfall into Lochan Na. Crege aubhe N. r. of Salen.

Original construction was largely peat, with - pitchod stone face. Omer! - North of. Scotland Hydo-Electric T3oard.

Hydro-Electric Board. North of Scotland. uet. t nF DAM_ SNM COUI TRY. U'K.

HEIGT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 11i.R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI R OF COMPLMIO'_1. RLM'E"3V0IR CAPACI^Y In3 INCIDENTS: Failed summer 1799 Burst. Built for Cannock Chase Canal. Rebuilt & faced with stone.

Sneyd & Cannock Heath dams'are not the same and from the infirm ation received it seems likely that it was Cannock Heath which burst.

The Corporation the borough of and Foreign of Walsall - E. J. Horneshaws 196o, p. 4. Victoria History of Staffordshire, vol 2. The Birmingham Canals by S. R. Broadbridge 1766-1900, p. 359 A'ris's Birmingham Gazette 10/6/1799 Charles Hadfield - The Canals of the West Midlands, David & CHarles 1969, p. 96. NAT OF MI. SPINDLE I- ILL COM THY. U. K.

(m). AREA. iH; IG"?T . LEMGTH. (m). M. R. CREST S 006 536

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YBAR OF COMPLMIO! J. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS:

Failed 3/6/1908. Eribsay, nr. Skipton. Washed out before flood went on to wash out Long & Round Dams at Skipton.

ýý i'

. -'°' -I

i ý. NAIM OF M!.. SPOTT LAIE COIIfr y. UK.

I IG--IT. (m). 8.7m. AREA.

CREST LL'NGTH. (m). IT. R.

En,banicnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. $ree il-j MATERIAL. 3-"_:"i 1 COM. Gmt or e be iisbrftro. Qitk@r t"Imevrr y

YIBAR OF CONPLETIO?d. IIT, E VOIf C'tPACITY 1900 m3 IITCIDT 1TS: Incident 12/8/1948 Severe storm j typical rainfall of East Lothian 5.48"(139.2mm) in 24 hours. Also there was heavy rainfall a few days earlier: On the 7th 67.1mm of rain fell in East Lothian and another 36,6mmm. on the 8th; i. e. rainfall of the 12th fell on saturated ground. The embankment of Stobshiel Resv. overtopped and the embankment of a small compensation resv - Spott Like - was severely damaged. Constructed by Dunbar Town Counoil. St6bshiel was a concrete gravity dam. Erosion of Spott Lake occured due to overtopping and erosion of the d/s toe consequently led to the failure of a retaining wall between the embankment and the bywash by under scour Catchment 3300 acres (1336.5ha) Surface area 10 acres(4.04ha lag insignificant) heir (18.36m), - 60' 3" long crest to base 4.7ft (1.27m) of spillway. Allowing for increse in width of weir when overtopped discharge at heitht of flood was more than 1680 cusecs(47 cumecs) i. e. Intensity SLIP ONLY damage, partial failure Ht 28'6"('8.69m) cret width6ft(1.83m) u/s 3: 1 d/s 2-L;:1. TWL 250ft A. O. D. ' Bywash channel width 15ft(4.6m), Slip 45ft wide Constructed about 1900 Abandoned demolished, longer ' no exists. Overtop'ed + underscour of retaining wall. 3300 acres catchrnentp area 10 acrest

G. Baxter "Rainfall & floo in -T;S. I. co an h August 1948" J. I. W. E. vol III9 no. 3. April 1949, p263-265 Correspondance with Lothian Regional Council. Letter from G. H. Hill re. STobshiel, Thorters, SpItt Lake. , NAIM OF DAM. ,.....TAN ___- L61 -; - Com"1 ly. U. K.

HEIG'T. (m). ATREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

Ynn OF COP"IPLLTIO?J. RT3SIERVOIRCAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: NM OF DAP!. ST. FUTON HAROLD COU117TIRY. U. K.

IM I G7T. (m)" 7m ATME4.

CREST LENGTH. (m). loom. M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. GpaN44e MMATERIAL. RCc cfi'1 CO:-!. Concrete B CUITUT Membrane. ß4kew +y

IO? R^SMVOIR YDAR OF COI,"IPLM-, J. CAPACI^Y 18th century 6000 m3 INC ID3NTS : Incident. Constr . on River Dove Water Board in 1960 but originally constructed by Brown in 18th century 7m 6000' high, 100m long ' cap cubic metres. Cap of overflow 3.23 cumecs. Overflowed on several occasions. Now pumped storage.

ennard - BNCOLD Symposium. he the Midlands Hadfield Davie Canals of East -C - & Charles - Newton Abbot. NAT-IS OF DAS'. STOBSHEIL COUI;ý1'T Y. U. K.

6.3m ARD4. HI IG"T_(m) .

CREST LL"VGTH. (m). 70.5m. 1i. R.

cent Berrthf'1 Puddle TYPE. Gravity MMATERIAL. ßt1 CORE. _-""84; Concrete $u#tree Concrete Membrane. O he-r ry

YBAR OF CONPLE I O!T . R'3"T CAPACITY rn3 IPTCID ITS: Failed East lothian. Overtopped by 12-15" Concrete gravity 21ft2inches high and 235ft long. Backfill washed away Catchment 1023 acres. Flood at least 1410 cusecs/1000 acres. Freeboard 6ft 4 inches

J l. Yý.ý. Vol 111. no April 151451 p. Zb1 b4 . ,i G. Baxter "Rainfall & flood in the S. E. Scotland" 12th August 1918. COUIITRY. NMID OF DAM. STOUR U. K.

_(m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. rAW&%**y MATERIAL. RAPOW444 CORE. Concrete ins 90"O"w6e Membrane. .... Gkcr 1';Oweftabs

YDAR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR CAPACITY

m3 INCIDENTS: Failed 1917 Somerset

STOURTEN LAKE ? _STOUR = Floods caused by the abnormal rain and not by the bursting of the Stowten Lake dam; but owing to the River Stow being gorged by the bursting of the lake, the stream could not get away and the consequently gardens ., were flooded for more than ad ay

2rans I. W. E. vol 26 1921 Discussion* personal corvnunication. Dorset County OSÜ IL" " 30/8/1917 Chronicle, County Dorset County Library. of : ý-ý:.

14 CM-.`TIT. NAI!ý Or ]A! '. SWINEHOPEHEAD U. K.

I (n). 4.57m A' A.

(1l) 152.4m. MM. R. C271ST LE'IGt H. .

Ernbn1c. ent Earthfill Pu331e TYPE. (ýrýtvI 7 I""^ I "ý. 'ß'e' '1'}1 CO?.E Conc_ ete $wn, ea Membrane. =wc

=., R CF CC"PLý"'IC". m3 I-. C,I-) '? rr1 :

Failed 7 breached Swinehope Burn, nr. Allenheads. Lead mine dam, 500ft(152.4m) long, 15ft(4.57m)high

Smith History of Dams. : -: Yersbiiäl v3si------

'i're NA1ý' OF DA:!. SWINESHATW COtfl TTtY. U. K.

(m). lim. AREA. HEIG'IT .

CREST LEi GTH. (n).

Embankment Earthfill Puddle 1 TYPE. Gre #3r MATERIAL. Rmo.fr CORE. 9 .. 0040 B +bbree sQ mm lpeie 044e r 1:"a"y

YBAR OF CONPLI I0? d. RESERVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS: Incident Feb 1962 Peak District Excessive wave carry ove r in Feb 1962 Earthfill puddle core Large resv subject to Act, raised i ft at point where carry over occured and substantial masonry wall constructed. Ht 36ft. Higher Swinushaw on the site of a reservoir which failld because it did not have a spillway. (Statutory inspection Report).

rersona. L communi.ua: cion. iv. w. ºi. a. Water & Water Engineering 15/7/1913 P"173 "Ashton, Stalybridge & Duckinfield TJaterworks" MAIZE OF DAIM com i'ZY. ý,REMPLE LAKE DAN U. K. (m) AREA. HLIG"T. . 4.5m *^; "f33UTf (m) 11T.R. CUI ST LENGTH. . 360m SU 453 603

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MMATEi2IAL. Rockfill CORrE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YEAR OF CO?IPLE IO'I. R^SE VOIR CAPACITY Early 1840's. 901.11 m3 - INCIDMITS: 169 or l 68

Overtopping caused considerable erosion of the d/s embankment face, and reduced top water level by about 0.6m

Cap 99,900 m3 Owner Lord Porchester Homogeneous earthfill Longitudinal Profile showed sag towards centre due to long term settlement. 11968 failed Overtopped in central section, leading to complete breach.

1969 New spillway constructed on flank. Breach repaired with sheet piles & fill.

1976 Fmbonkrrent i breach heightened in .cluding repaired central section; partial clay blanket and grouting in ditto.

F. N. Griffith, -Howard Humphrey, do not publish. NA! T OF DA?,!. TODDBROOK cote r ny. U; K.

FLIG'? T. (m). AREA.

(n) CREST LMGTH. . II. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfi11 CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIPR OF COt.IPLMIOIT. RrSJ'RVOIf CAPACITY

rn3 INCIDENTS: TTMIB OF DA!!. TUPIBLFTON COtn TfY. U. K.

HEI G'-T (m)" 33ft AREA. ROTII13URY

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATMTAL. Roc?cfill COZ^. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YT3AR OF C011"IPLEPIOId. RSI, 31VOIf CAPACITY 1870 3 lil1i gals. IZICID- dTS:

13/14th August, 1946.

Built 1870 on Debdon Burn. Catchment 2,340acres. Earthfill - Clny core. Freeboard left.

Scotia onlet - masonry culvert 3'10" x 3' )nd part 30" diameter pipe controlled by sluice valve.

Overflow - sheet tank discharging into mason^ry shaft anci a masonary culvert with q 3ft x 3ft ?'eavily aver *rohn waterwatiys. , by trees an---I shrubs.

On 13/14th Auýqistj 1946 an extremly heavy flood occured.

1. The masonry overflow culvert was severely dnmiZed. 2. The overflow cha-gel was destroyed. 3. Overtopping had scoured the d/s face. G. Bridge over the overflow had been destroyed..

Renort on The DeMdon o,iid Tunbleton Lakes at Crn-^ido for Lord. Armotrong Trustees, 1946. ANA!T OF _,,A1 TUNNEL END COMITRY. U. K.

(m). AREA. IlIG--7r . (m) IT. R. CREST LENGTH. .

Embanknent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATMIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Menbrane. Other Masonry

YI1AR OF COMPLETION. RrST'WVOIR CAPACITY

m3 I11CIDM S: CCM'=T" OFo: ý . "" THORTERS. U. K.. xA,. ý.-. 7 rr 15.2m

EmbarOcient Earthfill pulile 7_I_ 4e s11 CC7n. Cozc_ete TYPE Qaav ._f -.. 6eýeswý. e embr: ze -- ,,.

Y'L'_R C:' M3 circa. 1900

Overt. opped_ 12/8/1948 Damaged Surface area 114A acres(4.76ha), catchrient 1170 acres(473.85ha) Earthfill 35ft (10.67m) lon I spillway . Water over weir reached 3ft(0.91_m). Total discharge 600 cusecs(l7 cumecs) Constr about 1900 :ý x" Max ht 50ft(15.2m), lgth along crest of spillway 67ft(20m)

i i

rans I. W. E. George Baxter p. 261 Personal correspondence Lothian Regional-Council

'' WAIT OF JAY. UPPER BLACK MOSS. CCUUTZY. U. K.

IMIG'-T. (m). lOm. Abi^.A.

CREST LE?1GTH. (ra). V. R.

Enbanlcnent Earthfi11 123a3_. TYPE. Ct ty COr. Concrete r-anor _,. L'Al-AA4mft"_-. 6ýrcr ? üfii y

YDAR OF C01'_PLETI07. RrS71VQIß CAPACITY

m3 II'C IDS'?'^S : Accident damage 8X8Xl967 Ht 31ft + 3.55ft freeboard Earthfill cored Slight damage to spillway overflow channel and drain of Lower Black Moss

Cbnstrucjrion date not known.

N. W. W. A. Personal CorresPondance. NAIC OF 'D!!. UPPER CREGGAIN. COÜi:TRY. U. K. (m)" AREA' WIG- . 7.5m. Londonderry.

CREST LENGTH. (m). M. R.

Embanlcnent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

O?J R, rS*" VOIR CAPACITY TI1AR OF COAIPLM I . 1851. 32,000 m3 INNCID=,: Fall ed 4th 4uu t 1971. Const 1851 by Richard Hasserd. 32M1 cap, 237 ha catchment, 25fß high Overtopped & breached, 65mri of rain in 17 hours. Inadequate opillway, flow ?3 cumecs. Bywaf-h overtopped on previous occasions. Failed previously in 19-18.

Londonderry Sentinel 12th Sept 1908 Personal Communication & Pergucon Tic Illeeva , NTAtI OF jß!!. T'1ADHURSTPARK LAIE. COU1 TTlY. U. K.

Im, 15m. ?Ag^A.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 200m. 1'. R.

Erabanlent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Ctf 1T T"ERIAL. °*_-f- CORE. Concrete 8w+s ßenerL Le* re rabran e.

YBAR OF CO?.'PLE'IO? T. R^S'IVCIR C"PACTTY r3 II'CID2IITS :

Failed about 1970 About 200m long, 50ft(15m) high, rev about 1 lan long. 91 No danger d/s ' Near est toten Etchingham . s awary. On River Rother in Sussex ( Sheet 183 Eastbourne 1: 50000)

Letter from F. Law Binnies. MALI OF 7)!r. WARIMITJm NS. COU1;TRY. U. K.

It1IG"T. (rn). A?I^"A.

(m) 1'. R. CREST LE''_VGTE. .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle C, M TRIAL. U. 9±1 TYPE . -rm7t'Cjr a-e': coin, Concrete Gel 3=t by, - -1.m renbrane. etTrrr ;o iI1 -

C0I7PLET O" YBAR OF I . RrS"ZVOIf . PACT^Y n3 I? 'C ID2! Tr: Failed 24/11/1970 Lancashire Reconditioned in 1965-1966 Released 2411 gallons of water into two smaller resv downstreams.

A. I. B. I.I. Symposium D5/7 Little Problems of Embankment Dams BNCOLD. Mystery damnburst boosts the , call for new law. E. N. "Eng- ineering- brow" 4' '. 4/1$/1970 IIILL COÜIITRY. NA2'D OF DAM. '» U. K.

HEIc rr. (m). 5m AREA. P: ' TIOTIMT

CREST LENCTH. (m). M. R. SU 981 281

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIIAR OF COMIPIEPION. VOIR CAPACITY ., I 3 more than 5M Ga1P INCID: 2rrss

1968. Overtopping. D/S erosion of bank, inundated grits of Mill, now used as private residence.

Gates removed but due to small outlet can easily be blocked with debris and temporary storage in excess of 5M Gals. can occur.

Owner - Leconfield Estate, Estate Office, Petworth.

'M- I -A Q+U 51-4. i nKQ WHARRY BURN. COUlTfY. U. K. NAIM OF DA! . (m) 12m. AREA. Dunblane. urTr7 r- - (m). R. CREST LENGTH. M .

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATTRIAL. Roc?: fill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YIBAR OF COMPLETION. IVISERVOIR CAPACITY In3 IPNCIDy1VTS: cDi.i gallons. Failed 1943 Earthfill with puddle Core - water supply. Nr. Dunblane ' 2511 gallons. C. S Regional Council. WHINHILL coui 'RY. U. ITAM or JA! . K. IM,IG-_. (ri). AR^?'..

(rn) T'. R. CREST LE GTH. .

Lribank lent Earthfill Puddle ty 2'ÄT-"RIAL. 4i=1 CORE. Concrete TYPE .Ce: But Cite $ e' e Membrane. ++- -tr Y

YTh'R OF C0?'PLETIO! T. R^SýýVOIR ^'. PACI^Y rn3 It'C ID2I"1 S

Greenock, 'Renfrewshire 26 lives-lost.

see C'ARTSBURW.

N. Smith. A Hictory of qms 1971 pP-179 COMITRY. U. K. NAIVE OF DArti. WHITE COPPICE RESERVOIR

HEIGIT. (m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). 1. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gi t7 MATERIAL. ßi1 CORE. Concrete Membrane. olus-p- ry

YI1 OF COMPLETION. RSVOIR CAPACITY .R M3 INCIDTNTS: Accident. 13-14/8/1891. Near Heapy Station for Lull. Material washed down from hillside and filled sluice between Rivington & Roddlesworth Resv. and blocked its thus water flowed into White Coppice Resv. Bywash proved to be insufficient and. therefore overtopped to a depth of 3ft(0.9m)

" On this occasion there can be little doubt that if the flood had continued much longer the embankment of the White Coppice Rosv. would have gone, and the loss of life wogld have been heavy" cotm, TRY. NM OF DA!! " WHITEHEADS MIDDLE. U. K.

HE_(m). AREA.

CREST LENGTH. (m). TI. R.

Embanlanent Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YDA.R OF COMPLETION. R^S "WVOIR CAPACITY m3 INCIDENTS :

see Ainsworth.

r VTOODHEAD NAM OF DAM. . COUI TRY. U. K.

FIEIG-'T. (m). 30m MIEA. MACHESTER (m). CREST LENGTH. 174m M. R.

Embankment Earthfill Puddle TYPE. Gravity MATERIAL. Rockfill CORE. Concrete Buttress Concrete Membrane. Other Masonry

YI AR OF COMPLETION. RESERVOIR -CAPACITY m3 1981 ft3 flICIIENTS: 07/10/1849 Fnbankment did not fail in that it collapsed. The ongianl its bank proved to be not watertight as it was founded at southerly end on slip materials.

River Etherow. 27' deep at failure. 14N ft3 wide valley, gentle slope. Content l52,707ydý. Catchment 7,500 acres. 87'9"" high Reservoir ar: a. 126: -- acres,.

Constructed by Messrs. Richard Thompsons and Smns, Blackburn tarted Sue. 1848. Site, narrow valley cinsisting of existing andslip.

lit. 90' above river, 30' wide d/s 2: 1, u/s 3: 1. U/S -pitched with stone 18" thick. Reservoir nearly 2 miles long. F. C. discharge esigned through two 48" pi-, es valves. D/S - puddle trench dot eg. 17' below ri_v-r bed in what anpeared to be good ground. oring found 7' of rock assumed bedrock but 9' b, ulder. On irrt filling leaked - along pipes or behind puddle .- attempted o stop by sinking small cylinders to pipes a.nfl pouring ashes down did help but leakage contiued so decided to build a new mbankmenty therefore 8 years of boring to find site put d/s of id dam.

or design Batsman aGcertained previous 4 years floods had not xceeded 750ft sec therefore designed for 1,000ft sec.

'lood which damaged Da5wen 1507, greater than anything exnerianced therefore used 19500ft sec. Flood 7/10/1849 destroyed. 16' above pipe leaving 8' to fill to the top. Contractor put on extra P. Therefore depth of water to top = 27. Side spillway. Area

N. W. W. A. Eastern division Tlater llorlcs 1884 . F. La Trobe Bateman "History of the Manchester spon. C. S. Walters. Darn Geology Butlerworks London 1971 '0.58 rear 135 acres. 173.98m lon, -. POTMITTIAL D07IND. Ht 90'. Depth water = 72'y Area ^f 'Reservoir = 135 acres. "a InLO f7%0O\%0IrQN } iE rOUVON0OM ric, # t^ lA tf1 ýOPr Ih r) rN il Nr9IflM%0PNCo ett

N cm 4 p4 Me0 ý t i M a0c33000: 3 00

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