Participation 17.Indd
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
17 Year 18, No. 17, August, 2016 18, No. 17, August, Year A Nepalese Journal of Par cipatory Development 1 Peer Reviewed Journal Year 18, No. 17, August, 2016 Editorial Board: Anoj Chhetri, PhD Nar Bikram Thapa, PhD Chet Nath Kanel Jhabindra Bhandari Fatik Thapa Shree Ram KC Peer Reviewers: Chandi Chapagain, PhD Mahendra Shakya Meenakshi Dahal Gopal Tamang Prakash Bhatttarai PhD Bishal Bhandari Rabi Jung Pandey Special Contribution: Dibesh Sayami (Manandhar), Shuv Narayan Chaudhary, Sankalpa Chaudhary Cover Photos: Monitoring Visit, Thumaka Danda, Kaski (Tulasi Sapkota, NEPAN) Tai Chi, Jorpati, Kathmandu (Courtesy: Haley Sanner) Distrubution: Tulasi Sapkota Press: Dreamworks Printers, Kathmandu, Nepal. Tel: 98510-05177 © Published by: Nepal Participatory Action Network (NEPAN) G. P. O. Box 13791, NEPAN Ghar Dobhan Tole, Janata Sadak, Koteshwor - 35 Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-1-4154938 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.nepan.org.np Facebook page: www.facebook.com/nepan The opinions expressed in these articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of NEPAN. Price: Individual Rs. 100/-, Institutional Rs. 200/- 2 - 17 l August, 2016 CONTENTS Editorial ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Articles 1. Safer Communities Through Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR): Strategic Program Linkages That Support Overarching Scdrr Outcomes EARL JAMES GOODYEAR, PhD ...............................................................................................................5 2. A Review of ICT Impacts on Socio-economic Develo pment ANOJ CHHETRI, PhD ................................................................................................................................12 3. The True Gift of Education for Development: A Fearist Perspective R. MICHAEL FISHER, PhD & DESH SUBBA .......................................................................................23 4. The Status of Early Childhood Development Centers in Nepal MEENAKSHI DAHAL .................................................................................................................................30 5. Situation of Child Marriage and Education in Satar Community in East Nepal MAMTA SITAULA ........................................................................................................................................41 6. Evolution of Special Need Education: Segregation to Inclusion in Mainstream Education System KRISHNA BAHADUR THAPA, PhD ........................................................................................................51 7. Children's Educational Rights in Nepal: Rhetoric and Reality DURGA LAMICHHANE .............................................................................................................................56 8. Life-skills Based Education for HIV Prevention in South Asia JHABINDRA BHANDARI ..........................................................................................................................62 9. Towards Inclusive Growth: Is it Possible to Achieve Government Targets without Effective Role of Private Sectors in Nepal? BALKRISHNA SILWAL SHARMA ............................................................................................................67 3 10. Evaluation of Street Children and Vulnerable Families in Nepal NAR BIKRAM THAPA, PhD .......................................................................................................................73 11. Effect of Public Expenditures on Literacy and Poverty Evidences from Nepal DEEPAK RAJ PAUDEL ...............................................................................................................................89 12. Nepal's Tourism and Knowledge Infrastructure: Some Perspectives CHET NATH KANEL ...................................................................................................................................99 Regular Features New Arrivals at NEPAN Resource Centre .....................................................................................................104 Book Reviews: • Indra Mani Rai (Yamphu) .....................................................................................................................105 • Mukti Rijal, PhD ...................................................................................................................................108 • CN Kanel 'Harit' ....................................................................................................................................111 Peer Review Policy.........................................................................................................................................114 Editorial Policy ...............................................................................................................................................115 Letters to the Editor: • Renuka Singh ........................................................................................................................................116 • Sandip KC .............................................................................................................................................116 Additional Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) related articles published in Participation from Issue 1 to 16 .................117 4 - 17 l August, 2016 EDITORIAL This 17th issue of 'Participation' covers enhancement correspond with ongoing public multidisciplinary fields of development. discourse in the changing context of Nepal. In this issue, professionals involved in NEPAN as a network has comparative participatory development have reflected advantage to leverage expertise from its their thoughts and experiences useful to wealthy members in terms of exposure, skills replicate and refl ect both at policy, tactical and knowledge on the contemporary issues of and operational levels. development and contribute to commitments An article on UNDP/Government of of Nepal Government on inclusive economic Indonesia Safer Communities through growth. NEPAN believes that Participation Disaster Risk Reduction Program appears as a Journal of participatory development most relevant to ongoing Post-earthquake themes directly relevant to the targets of reconstruction activities in Nepal. The author Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can has presented a review of current disaster be an effective vehicle to drive like-minded risk reduction initiatives in Indonesia with people and provoke thoughts and ideas for expected outcomes to contribute substantial Nepal to graduate itself from the status of reduction of disaster losses in lives and in least developed country by 2022 and move social, economic and environmental assets towards a middle income country by 2030 of targeted communities and the nation. addressing targets of SDGs. NEPAN would Similarly, an academic article on a new social like to express solidarity, commitment and philosophy of fearism has argued that a new engage itself in promoting participation of consciousness is required to re-evaluate the people in the development efforts put forward critical nature and role of fear in educational by the Nepal Government and international and development agendas. Offering a community in line with the 14th National particular “fearist perspective,” authors talk Periodic Plan and SDGs. Hence, the articles of the vision of a whole education must be published. In this issue would explicitly based on the right to grow and develop in contribute to the inclusive growth as refl ected freedom from fear as well as being free of by the plan and contribute to the attainment a basic fear of freedom that is inculcated in of SDGs in the longer term. oppressive societies. The editorial team would like to thank all On similar note, some articles on authors and reviewers who contributed contemporary development fi elds such as generously to this Journal with their inputs. impact of information and communication We also avail of this opportunity to extend technologies (ICT) on social development; best wishes to those who have been badly gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) affected by the April 2015 earthquake in their perspective; situation of child marriage and recovery efforts and express solidarity for education in a traditionally marginalised peace and development through participatory group, effect of public expenditure on literacy and democratic mechanisms.Happy, peaceful rate and poverty, children's educational and prosperous festivities ahead. rights; segregation to inclusion in mainstream Editorial Board education system, tourism & knowledge Participation Annual Peer Reviewed Journal 5 Safer Communi es Through Disaster Risk Reduc on (DRR): Strategic Program Linkages That Support Overarching SCDRR Outcomes EARL JAMES GOODYEAR, PhD Abstract As a consultant to the UNDP/Government of Indonesia Safer Communities through Disaster Risk Reduction Program, the author presented a review of current disaster risk reduction initiatives in Indonesia with expected outcomes to contribute substantial reduction of disaster losses in lives and in social, economic and environmental assets of targeted communities and the nation. The threefold purpose of this review was to present a thoughtful perspective of specifi c cross cutting issues (multi-hazard approach, gender perspective and cultural diversity, community and volunteer participation and capacity building and technology