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Home , Conrad Weiser, John Andrew Shulze

CONRAD WEISER AND HIS MEMORIAL PARK

A LI1TLE HISTORY IN THREE PARTS

Part I. Conrad Weise.r-Who He W·as Part II. W?iser's Descendants-What They Did Part III. The Park-How It Can1e to Be

':By REV. P. C. CROLL, D. D. Chairman of the Historical Committee of the Conrad Weiser Memorial Park Association

READING EAGLE PRESS Reading, Penna. 1926

OTHER BOOKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR

Tributes · to Luther, 1884. Golden Wedding Ring, 1887. Historic Landmarks of the Lebanon Valley, 1895. Art Work of Lebanon C:>unty, Pa., 1895. Bible Q-uiz, 189~. Bible Gem.s,' 1908. The Penna.-German-A Magazine- l 900-i905. Gardening• and Out-of-Doors, 1917. Slumberland and ~lun1ber So_ngs, 1917. Annals of Womelsdorf, etc., 1923. Tulpehocken Bi-Centennial. 1923. \Vcstern Berks, in 3 \'ol. History, 1924. Translations fronz the German Jewish Artisan Life (Delitzsch), 1884. Jesus and I:lillel (Delitzsch)~ 1884. Alli, or Blessed are the Merciful (Hoffman), 1886.

DEDICATED

TO A HOST OF PUBLIC,SPIRITED FRIENDS­

THE CONTRIBUTORS

-by

THE AUTHOR

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__• ___ ,._"'-! ¥~~---=-- . J COLONEL CONRAD WEISER IN HIS ADVANCED AGE

Part I C·oNRAr> WEISER~WHo HE ·WAs /r.\N JUNE. 1:1, 1 ,10, there landed at Ne\v York \::.J harbor ten sailing Yesse1s \\'hich had carried · across the storn1Y Atlantic about three thou- · - . sand Palatinatc-Gennan. fugith·es, ,vho had first fled down the. Rhine valley to Rotterdam. and thence across to_ London to escape the ravages and p~rsecutions of that arn1y of ruthless blood-hounds ,vho1n ·Louis XI\,\ the Catholic, Jet loose ·upon this section of Protestant Gern1any after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in 1685. Savs a ,,·riter *v~~ho describes this atrocitv: ., - '''furenne,_ \\'ho had received definite orders_ front Ver­ sailles to devastate the Palatinate, did his ·,vork thor­ oughly. Once 1nore the 1nonotonous tale of n1isery n1ust be told : X ohlen1an. citizen. pea~ant_ plundered; fields laid ,vaste; cattle carrit'd off; e,·en the clothing . . . torn f ron1 the haL-ks of the wretche

----* Prof. O,:;ca1· Kulm:,; iu hi:,; .. t:~rurn11 ;1111I Swi~~ Settll'nwnts ha l'l'rmsyl- vania,'' p. 11. :,- children flying f rr,m their hum es .... :\Iean,\·hile the _work of destruction ,vent_ on. ·The flan1es \\·ent up from ev~ry market place, e\·ery parish church, ev=ery country seat, within the de\·oted province. The fields where the corn had been so,Yed "·ere ploughed up. The orcliards "'ere he~,·n do,\·n. . No ·.promi.se of a harvest ,vas left on the fertile plains near ,vhat had been Frankenthal. Not a yj ne, not an ahnond tree ,vas to be seen on the slopes of the sunny hills around ,vhat had .once been Heidelberg*." \Vith such a background of experience one may easily in,aginc th~ feelings of these thousands of f u­ gitives, whom .Protestant Queen A.nne of Great Britain had sent from London to her ?\" e,v York colony for safety and a livelihoocl. They . \Vere a11 honest and thrifty folk, but no,v i111poverished .to the utmost. But such classes could not be kept do,vn. Not a fe,v among them, ~ut have ,vritten their names l,Jigh upon the pages of i\.merican history. either by their 0\\711 deeds, or the brave· and noble . deeds of· their descendants, such as ye.neral~ I-Ierk<.·i1ner and 1I.uh1enberg of the 1 Re,·ol. utionary- \Var. · 1"'here ,ve·re t,,·o orphan boys in this company- they 111ay have been passt>ngers on the sa1ne vessel and beco1ne acquainted on their long journey fainiliarly enough to have played toge:-ther-,\'ho ,vere destined to n1ake for then1selves careers, for ,vhich the ,vhole country_. of A111erica \\·ould become indebted. They ,vere John Peter Zenger and Conrad \Veiser. They ·"vere of ~bout the sa1nc age, being about fourteen years of age at the titne of their· i1n1nigra-tion. Zenger re-­

mained in N e,v \" ork Citv. .and in the . course of time ,vas apprenticed to \,\'illiatn Bra~ford, N e,v York's first printer, to learn . the _printer's trade~ He later (173a) established the second X e,v· York ne,vspaper

•History of Enghmd, Vol. Jll. IJ, 112 . . (j of that publishing center of today-the New York Weekly Journal-and because of his courageous de­ fense of Jib-erty and the cause_ of the people, over against the tyrannical, aristocratic measures. and_ man­ _ners of _the Colonial Governor, Cosby, he was sued for .libel and cast into prison. J-Iis trial is one of the most fa111ous cases ever tried in America, because it involved his life and the liberty· of the p_ress. Andre,v IIamilton of , his defending lawyer, saiq.

FIRST CHURCH OF PALATINES AT PRESENT NEWBURGH, N. Y. in- his address to the ju.r-y·: "'T"he loss of libe-rty to a generous 111ind is \\·orse than deat11. ·... 'T'he question before the Court and you, gcntle1nen of the jury. is not of s1na1l nor private concern; it is not the cause of a poor printer, ·nor.of Ne,v \:-ork alone, ,vhich yon are no\v trying. No! It 111ay in its consequences af­ fect e"'/ery free n1an that lives under a ll_ritish Govern­ ment on the n1ain of An1erica. It is the best cause- 7 it is the ca~se of liberty." Zenger ,vas acquitted amid great demonstrations of joy. Of this trial, Governor. l\'lorris said: "The trial of.Zenger in 1735 wasthe·germ of A1nerican freedo111, the morning star of tha_t liberty ,\·hich subsequently revolutionized ..\merica." John Peter Zenger becan1e the morning star of America's liberty of the p~ess. Conrad Weiser fotlowed the 111ajority of these· im­ n1igrants up the -l-J udson, later a. portion of them to Schoharie on the l\tlohawk, where he entered the school of hard knocks and, by his knowledge thus . gained, became the \\'ise diplon1at that served at least four colonies in their relation \\'ith the Indians. He li\·ed the ripest period of his life ti1ne in Pennsyl_vania in the 'l'ulpehocken Valley~ and here became a di-·· plo1natic tool in the building of our nation. \Ve -shall here confine ourselves ·to the barest outline of his I if e and deeds. \Ve ,vill let hi111 tell his O\vn· bri'ef personal ~nd do1nestic life sketch. Methodic.al in his habits he "·rote out to,vards the close of his life. the follo,ving. saJit•nt sunuuary of c\"ents that help to portray to his f a1nil ..v and descendants. the checkered career of his strenuous life. \Ve have copied this brief autobio- graphy,. in a· si111ilar vest-pocket sized blank-book and f ron1 tl~is original the follo\\'ing transJatio.n has been 111ade:

AUTOBIOGRAPHY i6On No,·. 2. ltH)G,. 1, Conrad .\Yeiser, ,vas born in Europe, in the land of ·wurtten1herg, in the county (amt) of Herrenberg; _the village is called Astaet, and. \\'as christened at l(upingen, nearby. as 1ny father has infonned 111e. I say, I ,vas born on Nov. 2, 1696. ~[y father's na111e· "·as John Conrad \ \-eiser; 111y 1nothe~'s nan1e ,vas _..\nna l\Iagdalena; her fa1nily nan1e was LTe- 8 · bele. My grandfather was Jacob. W ~iser; 1ny great- . / · ~andfather also Jacob Weiser. He ,vas tnagistrate · (Schultheiss) in the villag_e of Great Aspach, in the_ county (amt) of Backnang, also in the land of Wurt­ te1nbe_rg. In this latter village 1ny ancestors from time immemorial were born and are buried there as ,vell on• my father's as n1y 1nother's side. In 1709 my . n1other passed ·into eternity on the last day of May, in the 43d year· of her age, leaving children, .Catrin~, !Iargaretta 1\-Iagdalena, Sabin, Conrad, George Fred­ erick; Christopher, Barbara, John Frederick, and \vas buried there by the side of 111y ancestors. She ,vas a God-fearing wo1nan and n1uch beloved by ~1er neigh­ bors. Her 1notto \Vas: 'Jesus Christ, I Ii,·e for th_ec. I die for thee, thine am I in life .and-death.' "In the year above 111entioncd, ~atnely· in 1709, n1y father 1noved a\\'ay froth Great Aspach on June 24, and took eight children ,vith hhn. l\Iy eldest ~ister, Catrina, remained there ,vith her- h11sband, Conrad Boss, ,vith ,vhotn. she had t,vo children. l\Iy father sold the1n his house, fields, 1nt."ado\\·s. Yineyard and garden, but they could only pay hin1 ~ :i guldt.~n, the re111aindcr, 60() gulden. ,vas to be paid to 111y father at· a sub­ sequent period, which· ,vas never done, so it ,vas n1ade a present to then1. In about two n1onths ,ve reached London, England, along ,vith several thousand r;er- 111ans, ,vhom Queen Anne, of glorious n1e111ory, had t~ken in charge, and ,Yas furnishing ,vith food. About Chr~sttnas l)ay \\'e e111harkcd, and 10 shiploads, ,,~ith about -l:,000 souls, ,vere sent to An'1erica ..

At Livingstone's Manor "On Ju~e 13, 1710, ,,ve cante to anchor at Ne,v -York in North America, and in the sante autu111n ,vere taken to Livingstone's ~lanor at the expense of the

9 queen. Here in LiYii:-gstone's, or as it was called by the Germans, Loe,venstein-'s l\Ianor,. \\·e were to burn tar, and cultivate he1np, to repay the expenses incurred by the queen in bringipg us fron1 Holland to· England, _and from England to N e,v York. \Ve ,vere· directed by several commissioners, viz.: John Cast, Henry l\Ieyer, . Richard Seykott, ·,vho ,vere put in· authority over us by . . Robc~t Hunter, goyernor ~f N e,v "York. But neither object succeeded and in 1713 -the people ,vere dis..: .charged frotn their · engage1nents and declared· free. 1'hen the people scattered the1nselYes over the \vhole province of N e,v York. · l\fany re111ained ,vhere they· \Vere. .About 150 fa1nilies dcten:nined to re111ove to . . Schochary (a place about 40 English _111iles to the ,vest o_f .Albany). They therefore sent · deputies to the land of the l\·Iaquas to consult ,vith the Indians about it, ,vho allo'\ved then1 to occupy Schochary. For the Indian deputies ,vho ,vere in England at the ti1ne the Gennan people ,ve1·e lying in tents. on- ·the Black111oor, had 111ade a present to Queen Anne of this Schochary, that she . n1ight set~lc these people . upon it. Indian guid(•s \\"en.~ sent h.) sho,v the Gennans. \\' h~rc Schoc- . hary ,vas. l\Iy father ,vas the first of the Ger1nan deputies. 0 ln N oven1ber, 17/13, ,vhen the above 111entioned deputies had returned from the Maqtta country .to Liv­ ingstone's l\tlanor, the people 1noved the sa111e· autu1nn to Albany and Schenectady, so as to be able to 1nove .in the spring to Schocha.ry. Bread "·as dear, but the people ,vork~d \'ery hard for ·a liv.ing, and the old set­ tlers ,vere very kind and did 1nuch good to the Ger­ n1ans, although so1ne of a. different ·disposition ,vere no~ Vvanting. l\Iy father. reached Schenectady the ~a1ne fa11, ,vhere he re111ained ,vith his fan1ily over \\'Inter, ,,rith a ·111an na111ed John :i\I eyndert. 10 ~n;tong the Indians "A chief of the Maqua nation named Quaynant visited my father, and they agreed that I shoitld ·go with Q1:1aynant into his . country to learn the ~!aqua language. I accompanied him and reached the !\.faqua country in the latter end of November, and lived ,vith the Indians. I-Iere I suffered much from the excessive cold, for I ,vas but badly clothed; and to,vards spring also from hunger, for the Indians had nothing to ea~. A bushel of Indian corn \vas ,vorth five to six shilHngs. And at this period the Indians, ,Yhen d_runk, "·ere so barbarous, that I ,vas fr_equently obliged to hide fro1n drunken Indian·s. "In the spring of 1714 tny father ren1oved fro111 Schenectady to .Schochary, ,vith about· 150. fatnilies · in great poverty. One borro,ved a horse here, another th.ere, also a co,v a1~d plcn\r-harness. \Vith these things they uni~ed and broke up jointly so much land that they raised nearly enough corn· for their 9,,,n constunp­ tion the follo,ving year. But this year they suffcr~d mu(·h f n,111 · hunger, an<.l 1nacle 1nany .n1eal~. on tl1e \\'ild potatoes and g-ruund bt·ans, \\·hich grew in great abundance in that place. 'fhe Indians cal1ed the pota­ toes ocluna-nada, the ground beans otach-ragara. \Vhen ,ve ,vished for n1eal ,ve had to traYel 35 to 4-0

1niles to get_ it, and had then. to borro,v. it . on credit. 1'hey ,vould ge_t a bushel of ,vheat here, a couple at another place, and ,vere often absent f ro1~1 ho1ne three or. four days before they could reach their suffering ,vives and children, crying for breaq.. · "The people. had settled in villages of ,vhich there were seyen. 'T'he first and nearest Schenectady \\'as called Kneskcrn-dorf; second. Gerlacho-dorf; third, Fuchsen-dorf; f uurth, 1-1 ans (;eorgc Sclunidts-dorf; fifth, \V cisers-dorf, or Brunnen-dorf; sixth, Hartn1a11s­ dorf; seventh, ()ber \Veisers-durf. So natned aftei- the 11 deputies who ,vei·c sent fron1 Livingstone's l\'lanor to the I\.faqua country.

Mastered Maqua Tongue '~To,vards the end of July I returned from among th~ Indians to 1nr father, and had 111ade considerable -progress or had learned· the greater part of the J\Iaqua language. An English 111ile fron1 1ny father's house· there lived several 1\-f aqua fainilies. and there ,vere al­ \Yays l'.-Iaquas a111011g _us hunting, so that there ,vas al­ '"ays something for 1ne to do in interpreting.· hut \\'ith­ out pay. There ,vas n

Sold to- Merchants "But to return to · Schochary. 'fhe people l~a

hpn1esick. and en1barked on a Yessel bound to Ne,,· 1 \"ork.- hnt die

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ANNA EVE FECK (FEG), WIFE OF COLONEL, CONRAD WEISER 16 ever since. Here I ,vill leave then1· for a ti111e and de­ . scribe n1y own circ111nstances.

Married in 1720 "In 1720, while 1ny father was in England. I 111ar .. ried n1y Ann Eve, and ,vas given her in marriage by Rev. John Frederick Heger, Reformed clergyn1an. on Nov. 22, in my father's house ·in Schochary. . . "On Sept. 7, 1722, 111y son, Philip, ,vas born, a.pd was baptized by John Bernhard von Duehren, Lutheran clergyn1an; his sponsors were Philip B~own and wife. · ''On January 13, 1725, my daughter, .Anna Malinda,-' ,vas horn; ,vas baptized by John Jacob Oehl, Refonned· clergyman; her -sponsors were Christian Bouch, jr., and my sister, Barbara. · "()n June 24. 1?.27, nty daughter,- l\1aria, ,vas born, and ,vas baptized by \Villiam Christopher Birken­ meyer,. ~utheran clergyman; her sponsors ,vere Nick- olas Feg and wife. .. "On Dec. 24. 1 ~-i~, 111y son, Frederick, \Vas born: ,vas haptized by John Bernhard von Duehren. Luth­ eran clergy1nan; hi~ ::_;}H)nsors ,vert' ~ickolas Feg and wife. '"'fhese four ,vt:re b(JrI1 ~o tne at Schochary. ..After-. wards, namely, _in 172ft, I re1no\'ed to , and settled in 'I'ulpehocken, \\"here the follo,vi11g child1-:-en were born to 1ne, nan1ely : . '~On February 2i. 1730, my son, Peter, ,vas horn and on February 1;;. 1731, I had t,vo_ sons born,. ,vho were called Christopher and Jacob ; the first lh·ed 15 ,veeks, the latte~ 13 ·weeks, . \\' hen they ,vere re­ leased from the e \·ils of this ,vorld and taken to a · happy eternity. "On June 19, 1 ~'32, 1ny daughter, Elizabeth,. ,vas born. 17 "On January 28, 1734, my daughter, Margaret, i was born. "On April 23, 1735, my son, Samuel, wa_s born . ."On July 18, 1736, I had again a· son· born to me. I called him Benjamin; \vhen he '\'as three months old, the care of the ·Almighty God took him away; ...... the sa1ne year my daitght~r, Elizabeth, followed him. A n1erciful God will give them all to tne again, to the honor of His glory.. "On August 11, 1740, another son ,vas ·born. I c~lled ·his natne, Jabez. 1"'he. mercy of God ren1oved hitn fro111 the evil of these days ,vhen he ,vas 17 days -old. "On February 27, l 7·42, another daughter was born. I called her name 1-fanna; the following· August 11 she went into a happy eternity·.

Death of Daughter . . ,- ".lVlarch 1 fi, of this year. my dear daughter, ?viacl- lina, ,vent fron1 tin1e to eternity, through an easy death. a(tcr a long and tl"'dious illness. If er faith, con~ .sola_til>ll and refuge ,vas in.the crucified saviour, Jesus Christ, ,vho1n she had VO\VCd herself to in days of. health, \vith soul and body.. "On A.ugust 12, 174-1, n1y · .5011, Denja1nin, ,,,ras born." . . This gives clearly· the vidssitudes of his life in N e\v York Colony, its tr.ials and hardships, its· d-e­ fraudings and discouragen1ents and sho,vs us that in his n1aking Conrad \Veis~r had a·rough and checker~d schooling. Yet it is not the fir~t ti111e that Providence etnployed such 111eans in the rearing of great· ai:id strong 1nen, ,vho ,.,·ere to beco1ne i"nstru111ent~ in l-Iis hand for son1e signal and special ser\'ice for the benefit ·of hu111anity. 'I'hc dotnestic story of ancestry, his O\vn birth and bringing up, his 111arriage~ retnovals and the 18 . births and deaths in his o,vn family, are so fully given · to the birth of· his last child, ~hat we ,vill not com- . ment.. ttpon this any further than to mention that his Ann, Eve was the daughter of Peter and --- Feck (Feg) of Schoharie, ,vho ,vas born January 25, 1700, and died Dece1nber 27, 1778, a~d is burie~ beside hit:n in the private burial_. plot, no,v suitably_ ornamented by the laying out of the !viemorial -Park. This fact is given to lay foreyer the legendary story that she ,vas an Indian maic!en, originated because Weiser does . not mention her family 11an1e and long circu1ated as c3: . plausible fact. This unfounded· theory· ,vas put to naught by the last ,vill of 1\1:r. Feg (Feck), ,vho there 1nakes 1nention of her. The Fegs "followed the migra­ tion to the Tulpehocken, ,vhere descendants. of the sa111e na111e are still lh·ing in possibly the sixth. genera- tion. . ' . But this. journal· or autobiographical sketch. of ,v eise.r's makes no mention of his varied. cor~ununity ~nd public services rendered, after set~ling in Penn­ syh·a.n!~ a.nd ho\\· he rose to leadership in· ~1is 1"'ulp-e­ hocken conununity, in church and civic affairs, and ho,v .he· served the colonies of Pennsylvania, N e,v ·y ork, 1\1:aryland and in the formative days of our nation's history.. So I shall confine 1nyse-lf to these_ phases of his life in· tl~is -treatise~ ... Conrad \V eiser did ~1ot come with the first migra­ tion of some ·thir~y fa1nilies in the spring of 1723. H·e. did not con1e to 'Tulpehocken until 1729, ,vhen he had already a fa1nily of four. children. His later arrival ac­ counts· doubtless that he took up l_and at about the eastern extremity of "·hat is really the heart of the TttlP,ehocken settlen1ent. I-lis neighbors of .. Sch<;>barie, 1\,fr. and 11rs. Philip Bro,vn, ,vho ,vere sponsors at . . the baptis111 of-· ~V eiser's .first-born child in 1722 and ,vho ca1ne in the first 111igration, chanced to be again 19, close neighbors of his, their lands possibly adjoining~ at the first, so that the to\\·n of ,,,.0111elsdorf ca1ne: later to be laid out on parts of both farms. The· . . . Bro,vn's · ho1nestead is located on- the opposite bank <.>f the." 'fulpehocken. a little· ,\·est of "·here the bridge_ . ... --- _.._ --~ ~- ...... ~ - ..-. - --~-.1'1- ""--- ~: ... . -n1\,.~u .._ T": :.\..,~- •. ~ - ·-.:- ~ - - ~ ,n · . e •u~a.':i. •.. 'c --2:nu rrom - .. ... - -.. .. -. - --:-- --.. -- -- -.. -- . ..,_ ~ - ,;,..., \\·~mel~dorf tu 1-Iu~t and Rehrer5bt1rg. They :;leep: their last sleep together on the bron· of the hill, back of. the d\velling. as the vVeiser's do, near their old~ ~ome. Only their ton1 bstones are ]e-ft ,vithout an en­ vironing fence or ,vall.

THE TULPEHOCKEN CREEK 20 As soon as Weiser arrived with his family h~ i_dentified hitnself \\'ith the Lutheran congregation, al­ ready organized and the first edifice erected. 1-Iis ·schoharie pastor, R.e,·. Jc,hn Bernhard Von Duehren, ca111e once or t,vice yearly to supply these people ,vith preaching and ,ve can in1agine that ,vhen he c<:1,rne to baptize \Veiser's fourth child-··hi_s son, Fred~rick, born Dece1nber 24, 1~28, and baptized son1etiine about January 1, 172D, ,,;·ith Nicholas Feg and ·,vife as. spon·-. sors-that the pastor had an. interesting story of .~is latest Tulpehocken visit to relate and 1nay have a.t this ti1ne fired the heart .of the: \V ciscr and other fa1nilics. the f ollo-wing spring to break up relations in Schoharie and join their acquaintances· in the 'fulpehocken lands, ,vhere no,v already they \Vere turning the ,vi~derness into an habitable conntrv; for on their arrival, they . . . - found roads, and clearings, a ·church and school ai:id rude artisan establislu11ents ;tlready built. We can i111aginc that the first sun1n1er ,vas oc­ cupied in putting up a rttdt! shack for shelter, ,vhile hi:; stone cottagl· hoinc.· ,vas ht:i ng- ·t•r(·ctl'd ,vhich orig­ ina l1y ";as only a )ittk o\·cr half the size of the pres-

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THE CONRAD WEISER HOME. ERECTED 1730 ent homestead and which dates to the year of. 1'?'29 or 1730, as near as is kno,vn to students of 11:is life. The original tract, or tracts of land staked off con­ sisted of about one thousand acres and thes·e -were cleared as rapidly as needed. 'fhe hotnestead was lo­ cated by a spring and near. the roadway that was built a few years before, "to begi~1 at the_ Li1theran ?v!eet­ ing fI ouse on the Tttlpehockcn and to end in ye High Road at ye Quaker l\Ieeting_ ·House near George Boone's 1vlill. in· OJey." So he literally lived by the side of the road and became a friend to men. He sa,v the red men go by in thei1· rovings and the ,vhite settlers in their neighborhood ·traffic, and he \Vas_ able to converse ,vith the savages in their tongue," artd the· Gern1an neighbors in theirs ai1d the English provincial officiais, surveyors and 111ar>n1akers, ,vho chanced to co1ne into this f ronti~r section, ·in theirs.. One day· Shekila!Dmy, the chief of the Six Nations· Federation, \\rith headquarters at Shan1okin, no,v Sfanbury, at the conference of the t,vo branches of the Susquehanna, ca-tlll' to see hin1 a-nd persuaded hi1n to acc-01npany hin1 · to the pr·ov-incial count·il .at Philac.le1phia, aud ,vith this introduction dates \Veiser's en1ploy1uent as Provincial Indian Interpreter. a1_1d Agent. rfhis ,vas in 1~'31 and ·,vith this year his public life began. For a period of· about fifteen years previous, he had been closely associated ,vith the l\Ioha,vk Indians · and froni thetn learned their language and becarne -fa1niliar ,vith Indian habit"s and custon1s. Like Lin­ coln, his 1110s t serviceable education ~an1e f ro111 a daily contact ,vith men and things. Neither had-111uc.h Look kno,vledge as a start.· Both ,vrote brief autobiog­ raphies, but they are but the stories. of hardships and t~ials, '"the simple annals of the poor." T'he gli111pses ,vhich these give us of their. e_arly -years are but such as one ge.ts from looking at bounding 1nountain-brooks l2 as they leap ever r_ocky ledges· and dash · on in their precipitous, wild, winding courses to the vale beneath. Both J.Jincoln and Weiser ,ve·re too busy doing ·things to. stop long to ,vrite about themselves; but since their day 1nany have ari~en to sp~ak and ,vrite about them. _In 'the case of Lincoln literally. -hundreds of biographers have assumed the task of telling h:s .life story and yet all has not bc·en told. Mt. Blanc remains· yet to be painted in a_ll its channing moods and its majestic greatness and indes.cribable loveliness. In the case of Vv eiser, the loo1ning figure among the great host of Pennsylvania's pioneer Gertnan settlers, his frag1nentary sketch has been · supplemented by _a number of full and volun1inous biographfes*, while co-ten1poraneous chroniclers recorded his services and .achievements into the no,v published Colonial Records . . of Pennsylvania. What s~irring events,. ,vhat heart-search!ng trials, what varied experiences> ,vhat checkered and solen1n. turns in a· stormy, yet en1inently useful career these "Records" reveal ! Fron1 the bubbling spring in the hills of Gcnnany, of ,vhirh his o,vn autobiograpl~y tells, these state records speak of the 1nighty river as i_t flows on through the rougher yea_rs of our Colonial history until it etnpties into the unexplored sea of the great unkno,:vn. 1\nd yet there are those \.vho ask ,vho · ,vas Conrad Weiser? To fully .ans,ver this question, one ,vottld have. to ,vaken Robert I-Iuntei·, that tricky Colonial Governor of New York Proyince, and let hin1 speak. One would have tQ call from their long slun1bers the various provincial governors of. Pennsylvania fro1n Patrick Gordon do,vn to \Villian1 Denny ( Gordoi1, Logan, 'T'hon1as, Pahner, 1-Iatnilton, Ivlorris, l)enny )~

•"Life awJ 'rimes of Conrad Wcist?r," l,y Ucv. Or. C. Z. W1•ist."r. •·< '011- rod Weii.;t?r and the Indian Policy of Colouia] Pl•n11sylm11h1," l,y Jm,t-f1h S. Walton. '"A B, it•!' I.it"e of C

•1'h~ 1:ltc Ht:v. Jn. X. C. 1-:ichaetfcr, LL.l> .• ex-Sti:ite Supcriuterufout of 1•ul,lic: h1t-t r11<·tio11 of l'ennsyl\'a11ia. COLONEL CONRAD WEISER AS A YOUNG MAN From an oil painting on wood. for many years in the Weiser family, last in posses1lon .of Rev. C. Z. Weiser, D. 0., deceased, and by him asserted to be authentic

26 to give to one man but .s01neti1nes a suspended a va­ lanche may be started -by the sound of· one· 1rian's voice; and so, according to this learned educator's opinion,· i\1nerica is ,vhat it is-so different fro111 the·· Latin countries_ lying south of it-because of Conrad Weiser. Under God, ,ve o,vc i~ to him tha_t, at a n1ost · critical moment, he was ab.le to thro\v the s,vitch. It is in hannony ,vith ,vhat "the father pf_ this countrY"­ President George \Vashington - said, ,vhen on No.vember 14, 1'2'93, standing at the grave of this great . leader, he declared. that. Hposterity c·annot forget his services." And so· it co1nes that \V eiser, though born near the close of the ] 7'th -c~ntury, casts h~s shado,v into the 20th. It ,vill be the purpose of this publication to giv~ to the general public, but especially· to the tens and . . hundreds of thousands, ,vho ,vill in the future visit the ,v eiser Me1norial. Park, such an account <;>f Weis­ er's busy life, the. illustrious -deeds of many of his descendants, and a •brief historic account ~f how the park itself ca1ne to he established. as ,vill gh·e read­ t·rs ;ind Yisitors a 111ore intelligent understanding of that ]ifc and the in1portant s~rvices he rendered, to­ gether· ,vith the 1neaning and hallo,vcdness of this 1nen1orial and historic shrine,. for ,vhich this II01nt!- stead Park is set apart. · · \\'ithout going again into . the earlier years of _\,Veisttr's life, the years before he reached Berks County, or ,vhat is no,v Berk~ County, at the age of thirty-three years, during ,vhich he gre,v to 1uanhood, trained his 1nind and body .for self-sacrificing hard­ ships, 111astered three languages, established a fa111- ily-,ve shall continue the story of the latter· half of . his eventful life. 'fhirty-one 1nore years rcinaine

·.

r

THE LOENHARDT REITH ~OMES"(EAD ON TUl,.PEHOCKEN, ORIGINALLY BUilT 1723 ccnspicuous ·as a leader in school, church a~d · c1v1c affairs.. J-fis na111e is prominently connected ,vith e,,ery ~dvance step of this entire settle111ent • of ,vestern Berks. L.ater he becaine one of- the founders and first builders and pron1oters of Readi_ng (1748) and four years later succeeded, after -about fourteen years of endeavor, in the establislunent of· I1erks as· a separate· county, \vhich he later served as its first judge. His na111e is cunnected ,vith the Rieth and Christ Lutheran Churc_hes of the r~ulpehocken. in their early history, and afte~ his removal to R.eading, ,vith the founding of both the 'frinity Lutheran (1751), and the First Re- . fonned (1.7;32) Churches of R.ead.ing •. for the forn1er of \vhich he ,vrote a long dedication hyn1n, used at the consecration of the first -edifice, and for the latter· <)f ,vhich his na1ne is connected as one of the truste~s \\·ho secured the first church lot. 1-\s Penn's trustee. he also deeded to Reading. in 1750. its fi·rst school lot. During the ·storn1y years of the rayages and cruel rnassacres of th~ I nclian depredations. ,vh_en these · struck the hihtcrlancl of.. \\·cstt~rn and no-rthern Rerks. he ,vas tnost ·active in t ht.· def ensc of his countryn1en. both ~n the alar111 gi ,•en and the organiza.ti(?n of a te111porized regin1ent of fanner fighters ,vhich he led against the foe; and then in arousing the slo,v Quaker governn1ent of Pennsylvania, seated at Philadelphia. to take steps to erect fortifications · along the Blue Ridge and man then\ ,,·ith trained. soldiers. It ,vas

in this can1paign. that he ,von fro111 Ciovernor. Robert Hunte·r 1\-Iorris his co1~1111ission as a Regi1nent;~l Colonel. 'J'hus he served his co111111unity. 'fhe larger public 5ervices in the interests of the

Province-yea, several Provinces-began ,vith 1~:n 1 and did nqt end till death cut· it short a\11id the 1an1entations of those in govern111ental authority. In these \\'is and cap­ itals from Onandago, N ._ Y., to the forks of the Ohio and the n1ountains and central to,vns of \:'"irginia. Here he sat in their coun_cils and negotiated tr«:'aty after treaty, no,v for land purchases, then in the in­ terests of peace and safety. \Ve shall look ii1to these 111ore specjfically, though ,ve can but. treat these great . seryiccs ·in a very.. brief and cursorv., n1anner. 'I'he Provincial Govern1nent of Pennsylvania had been dealing ,vith the Yarious Indian tribes and fed­ erations of the country ever since the ·death of \Vil­ liam Penn, ,vho had starte.d his colony "·ith an ex­ e1nplary, Christian policy and· treaty of peace and brotherly" fair dealing- \vith the red · 1ne'i1. But the situation . in the Proyince "'as constantly changing since the days of Pe_nn. The inco1ning hosts of in1- 1nigrants·· \Yas filling up the southe·astt·rn _s~~ction of "Penn's ,voods" ,,,ith settlers and to 111ake roun1 for th(•sc ne,vcon1ers, ne\v territory had to be· secured and often -fro1n Indian tribes not represented at Penn's original treaty. council. Besides the territorial centers and hon1es of these tribes ,vcre constantly shifting, and often there arose jealousies and ,vords a111011g each other ,vhich 111ade ne\v policies ·,vith these varied . Indian tribes necessary in the peacefuJ govern1ncnt by the proprietaries and Provincial Council. I-Ience cer­ tain understandings and relationships "'ere constantly kept up with all these federations ,vho occupi<.·cl te1~­ ritory in Penn's Colony, such as the Sha,vnesc, the Dcla"·,t.res and the Six Nations, or Iroqt1(:>is. 'J'hc last­ na111ed \Vere chiefly a Ne,v ·York Federation up to the ti111c of the 'fulpehocken settltn1ent by the (;cnnans~ 30 and all negotiations bet,ve·en them and the Govern­ ment of Pennsylvania had hitherto been conducted 4t AJbany, ,vhere the l\'Ioha,vk tribe was in do1ninance, with ,vhom Conrad vV eiser had for years stood in high favor. Some fe,v years before the Schoharie migration !•to.· the· Tulpehocken, Shekilan1111y, the Chief of this Si.."lf[ Nation Federation, by order of the Onondaga Council, had set up his seat on the forks of the Sus­ quehanna at ,vhat is no,v Sunbury, but then kno,vn as . He \\'as ,vell acquainted ,vith \\T eiser and o_n most friendly tenns. I-Ie kne,v of his settlen1ent on· the Tulpehocken and as early as 17al ht paid \Veiser a Yisit. 'fhe Chief ,vas on his ,vay to Pl~ila­ delphia to guard the interests of his federation an1ong the variances that sprang. up atnong the different tr-ibes of red men and the gu\'ern111ent and its licensed traders as to the sale of rum an1ong thetn. Shekilan1111y persuaded Weiser to accornpany hinr to the Council and here V\-; eiser "·as introduced to the official head~ of the Pro,·incc. 'fhc Chief desired \Veist'r'~ st-r\"il'"l•:; as interprett!r and fur this the. Provincial trt!asurcr ,vas instructed to pay Conrad \Veiser. The account sho,vs the foIIo,ving on Deccn1bcr 17:31: "~fo cash, by order of the Board, paid Conrad \V ciscr, \\·ho, at Sheki­ lammy's desire, attended hitn fro1n Tulpchock_en, £2, l ls." Frotn no,v on \Veiser remains constantly in the public eye. In the 111onth of ..-\ugust, 1732, tl~e Six Nations expressed the1nsel ves as ''very clesiro~1s that there 1nay be more frequent opportunities of conferring and dis­ coursing ,vith their brothers, and that these n1ay be 1nanaged by the 111eans of Shckilan1111y and Conrad \V.eiser," to '"hich Covcrnor Gordon replied as ·fol­ lo\vs: ··i\s to ,vhat you have said about etnpJoying Shekilan1111y and Conrad \V (·iser~ on ,vhich yon ga \"C the first string:; of wa1npu1n, \Ve arc very glad :you agree with us in the choice of so good 1nen to go be tween us. \Ve believe then1 to be very honest, ana ,vill with cheerfulness cn1ploy the111." 1 .. his occurred at a Council ::VIeeting ,vith the Six ~ ations' Chiefs ,,·hon1 \ Veiser had accon1pan ied f ron1 Tulpehocken to Stenton, the i:0111e uf Jantes Logan, ,vhere the con• ference ,vas held, because the scourge of sn1allpox had broken out in Philadelphia proper. For the serv­ ices of interpreting at this ineeting and fra111ing an initiatory treaty ,vith tlH~ Six Nations the Council pre-: scnted \\'eiscr ,,·ith till· ~tun uf £1:?. It ,va:; the fol­ lL)\\"ing- nh.>tHh that thL· land ht"t\\.'-'c'll the tl)rks of the· l)l·la\\·arC' and the Snsq1a·ha1111a, and lying het,veen' the South and Blue :\Iuuntain rangl'~ \\·as uuught fro1n the various trihes. \Veiser doubtless ,\·as the offidal interpreter at this i1nµortant gathering though his nan1c cloes not appear ainong those of the \\"itnes:;es, as it docs \\"h<.'11. ten years later, July J ·?. l ;-1·!. ht and Bl'nja111in Franklin, \V111. PL"tcrs and Lyn Ford Lard-. nt'r witnessc

~~3 . behalf of Governor Gooch of \Tirginia, ,vho appealed to this province of Penn's to 1nediate betvveen the Six Nations, Cherokees and Cata\vbas, and the Virginia pr-0vince. _Logan says: "I had an opportunity of see­ ing Conrad \Veiser, and judging hi111, from the expei·i-· ence this government has had of his honesty and fidel­ ity, to be the most proper person to carry the Six Nations the proposed message in this letter, I engaged Weiser to undertake the business, and gave hin1 proper instructions to that end. I-Ie no\\" being ret_urned, has in his o,vn ,vords and har1d-\\·riting, given a very dis­ tinct and satisfactory ·account of the errand he \Vas sent on; the Board vvill find it, in sitbstance-,. to signify that the Six Nations are ready and ,villing to ~reat of and conclude a peace ,vjth their enen1ies, but declining to go to Willia111sburg, .they propose ~lbany." This original report,. couched in good and legible English, i~ today fo.und in the archh·es of the Bethl~he_m Histor-:­ ical Library. It is a credible paper, showing the diplo1natic abil­ ity of \V'cis~r as a tne

Jtj ~:shall- belong to that past from which shall proceed ·110· more influence; ""hen states1nen and men of ,var ');hall be forgotten a111id the glory of the saints, he shall· be one ·of those ,vho, having turned 111any to righteousness, shall shinl! as the stars forever and e,~r." For a 111issionary of such distinction_, eclipsing in his labors, lengths of service and largeness of ·suc­ cess, even such stars in the 111issionary l~eavens as John Eliot and Da,·id Brainerd, it 1nay surely be here claimed that· in having had such a tutor as \Veiser, reflects not a little glory upon the teacher as a noble 1nan. But "·hile \Veiser's heart ,vas ever dra,vn towards the affairs of religion and the church, the state clain1ed his talent and ti111e as ,\·ell. While y~t a r~cluse in . the Cloister life of Ephrata, Governor Tho111as hunted - him out and besought hi111 to return to his· post as interpreter and agent for the gpvernn1ent of the· Prov­ ince. In 1736 the ·GoYernor vi-sited the Cloister and

offered \Veise1~. ·a justiceship of the I-leidelberg , section of ,vhat \\·as then Lancash.~r County. It ~een1!°' that tht' ap1 >t'al of Go,·. 'fhonla!'\ in the fall of 17 :3G - f.or he ~a111e to l~p.hrata · ,vith t\venty horses, acco111pa_1iied by a nu1nber of pron1incnt per­ sons fro111 l\Iary]anerg as a restorer of peace and h~nnony in the ho111e flock were doubtless the reasons for his final leave-taking from Ephrata. But \!\/ eiser ,vas in all this conscientious. If it seems .vacillating and \\"{'ak. it cannot be said that the spiritual longing:; and tendtrllt!S5 of \ \" eiser's heart ,vere not at the ba:;e oi it all. 'The spirit of the times, the split condition of his u\\·n Lutheran congregation and his own deep religious longings ,,·ere the influ­ ences that drove hin1 hither and thither. But ,ve ,vill let him speak for hiinself. ~--\ letter oi his has been re­ cently discovered in the archives of. the I\.loravians at . Bethlehem, an1ong the efft:c.ts of the historian, Prof. I. D. Rupp. This letter is dated Sept. 3, l ';'-13, and in it Weiser states that he and other 111en1bers of the Eph­ rata community had long proteste·d in \'ain against '"the domination of. con5citncc:, the suppression of in­ nocent minds, the pre\·ailing potnp and luxury, both in dress and magnificent building:;, etc.," and then con­ tinues: JS "For. these and other reasons which I reserve. for- :·myself to state the1n at a fitting opportunity, I take leave of your young, but already ·decrepit sect, and I : des~re henceforth to be treated as a stranger, especially by you, the presiding officers. I .1nake a distinction .between the innocent minds and you, ·and hope the time will come, ,vhen they shall be liberated. front . their .physical and spiritual bondage, under -,vhich they are groaning.· I :protest once n1ore against you, the overseers, who feed yourselves and do not spare the flock, b~t scatter and devour them. I hope the end is near and deliverance ,vill con1e ..... I am in earnest; you may ridicule n1e as nntch as you please. "I--Ierewith I conclude and .live in hope that the time wi11 come ,vhen a11 knees shall bo,v before the name of Jesus, even those of such proud. saints \\-·ho publicly declare rat,1er to burn i11 hell than bo,v before Him. . . "Why dqst · thou exalt thyself, pooi:- ·earth? 'fhe judgment of q-od can htunble thee in a 1noment. Do it rather ,vill ingly; it is no disgrace, for· the heathen are lf is inheritance, and the uttennost parts of ·the earth His possession. He is l{ing of all kings, and a Lord of all lords. \Vorship, 111ajesty and po,ver be­ long to I-Iin1, for the Father has made all things sub­ ject to Him. He ,vill give ·His honor to no other nor . ' His glory to the n1ighty. I-fe is the Lord and beside Hin1: there is no Saviour. '.'If there is any 01ie not satisfied ,vith 111y- state­ ment, let hi111 con,·ince 111e to the contr~ry. Victory belongs to truth. ·rhe authority of 1nan has no po,ver. To be silent is good at ti1nes, but)n this case it ,yo{1Id be bad .. If you haYe anything to say in your defense, or undertaken a refonuation, let n1e kno,v, for I shall be glad to hear it. 39 ' "Finally, I ren1ain a friend of truth and sincerity; and of all those '"" ho love then~, but a s,vorn enerq.y -c,f all lies and _hypocrisy. Fare,vell, CONR.AD WEISE·R."· September 3, 1743. This letter lets us look into \Veiser's heart. If Christopher Satir's state111ent is correct, Beissel 111ust have arrogated to hi111self · equality ,v.ith Christ. and Weiser discoveri_ng so 1nany fl.a ,vs a·nd hearing ·from others, charges .against Beissel, even · of gross di­ gressioi:is from the paths of 1norality, together. ,vith constant exa1nples of the cr1:1elest tyranny, alienated. him fro111 the superintendent and the character ·of his religious institution~ despite- its ,·irtues .and· lines of good· ,vorks. Besides he found about .this tin1e and for a fe\v years thereafter, greater religious 1ights · arid saner in the l\Ioravian leaders. .\Veiser fello,vshipped ,vith them. He "'as taken ·,vith their passion for Indian missions.- 1--Ie enjoyed co111panionship ,vith these lead­ ers, int~llectually and spiritually, and in the tin1e of grt~atl'st confusion in his 0\\"11 church in\\"ardly !'idcd ,vith the1n. \Ve tnust, therefore, charitably judge \Veiser's· religious 1neanderings. Rightfully understood, his in­ ner life fl.o"\ved straight. Spiritual consistency 1narked ,vhat 111ay 110\\r see111 a serious 111istake, or a sign of ,vea,kness and religious Yacillation. Rut it 111ust ha ,·e affected some of hi-s contem­ poraries differently and raised up hostility or else some official dealings or judgn1ents as justice of the peace m_ay have en1bitterecl against hin1 some of hi~ neigh-. hors and brought their i_ll ,\·ill against hin1, for ort the night of October l .,. l :-:L-!-111ore than. a year after his final ,vithdra wal fron1 Ephrata, an ·atte1npt ,vas made to buri1 down his house at -I-Ieidelberg .. 40 . "\1/ eiser had so111eho,v lost the good '\Vil I and con­ fidence of a large se_gtnent of his Tulpehocken neigh­ bors-probably by . his religious vagrancies, 1nore .likely because he opposed the rougher course pur:­ sued by Rev. Stoever and his folJo,vers in the 'f'nlpe­ hocken Church controversy and stil1 1nore presun1- ably because of his finn decisions and ad1ninistratiuns of justice and penalties for la,v violation~· as a public

...... ' . ~- •... ~--. . . _,. I

THE REtTH LUTHERAN CHURCH, ERECTED 1837 official. Hence it ca111e about that ,vhen he hecatn~ a candidate fron1 this district for the .:-\'s~c111bly ahCJut this ti1ne he ,vas sadlv., defeated .. Jealousies and religious biogtry · had their dark and rough ,vays then as ever, an

...

, ·t ~~f• . ,.. ·:.· .. '~ ;\wj:·-' .. • 0 Y, '• • I •,. "

A CONESTOGA TRAIN OF COLONIAL DAYS By Permission of Hager & Bro., Lancaster, Pa. Doubtless he often displea·sed the la,vless .for his just and stric-t ad111inistration of the Ia\\'. Of a cer­ tain ·fan1i]y he 1nakes co1nplaint that he is ''\vorse than any Indian or Frenchn1an," and confesses _that . he stands i11. dread of hi111 and of the 1n~n1bers of his household. ".A.nd "·ell he 111ight." says one of. his biographers.* l--f e co11tinucs to describe ,vhat ,vc have already a1ludc~d to, thus: "One night those upon ,vho1n he pronounced the la\,·'s penalty .barred his "·indo,vs and blockaded the doors~ setting- fire h> so1ne stra\V and o~her co111h11stiblcs ,vhich they had carried under the stoop. One of the chi1dren a,voke and ga,·e the ala.nu. They broke thro.ugh the \\·indo\v and thus escaped being burned alive.'' · \7i/e· can fonn son1c idc-a of the a111ount 0f service rendered the Goycrnn1cnt during the year 17'4-2. "·hen alre_ady in July of that year a hi.11 for exp<~nses, a1nount­ ing to £ J6, · I8s and ~d, ,vas. ordered pai_d- as shown by foilo,ving c·xtract fron1 the Councirs Pr.oreedings: "1''aking intrn tribes and federations of Indians. But he ,vas soon ohlige

45 chief, and the Six. Nations with Shekila1nmy as their· head. .After a Council held in Philadelphia this year the· Dela,vare Ch.ief bespea_ks their good ,vill and con­ fidence in Weiser in the follo,ving \\.'Ords: "vV e esteem our present interpreter to be such a person, equally faithful in the interpretation of ,vhatever is said·. to him, by either of tts: equally allied to both. I-le is of our Nation and a 111e1nber of our Council, as ,vell as of yours. When ,ve adopted hitn, ,ve divided him into two equal parts-one-half ,ve kept for ourselves and one-half ,ve kept for you. He ha~ a great deal of trouble ,vith us. l-Ie \\'Ore out his shoes in our. mes­ sages and dirtied his clothes by being a1nong us, so that he is as nasty as· an Indian. !1_1 return for these services \Ve rcco1~11nend hi1n 'to your generosity. .L\nd in our o,vn behalf ,ve ga ,,e hhn five skins to buy him clothes and shoes "·ith." ~ro this . GoY. Thon1as re­ plied as follows: '"\Ve entertajn the sa111e sentitnents of the abilities and probity of the interpreter as you have exprc;ssed. \V c. ,vere induced, at first to 1nake use of hin1 · in this· i1nportant tru::H~ f.ron1 his ht>ing kno\\'Jl to be agreeable tu you, and ont"' \\'ho had Ii,·ed an1ongst you for so111t.· years in good credit and cstec1n ,vith all your Nat ion and have ever found hirn equally faithfttl to both. \Ve a re please4 ,vith your notice of hin1 and think he richly deserves it at your hands. \Ve shall not be ,vanting to ·tnake hi1n suitable gra ti ti ca­ tion for the 111any good and faithful services he has done this Govcrn1ncnt." But there ,vere changes in the 1110Yen1ents and rela­ tions. of these large Indian federations that rt

,.In ah _:uhk"ss 011 '"Our Couutry's D~bt to C,mrad ,veiser." 47 BRONZE PLATE ON THE WEISER HOMESTEAD. PLACED BY BLUE MT. EAGLE CLIMBING CLUB ·1N 192.3

48 . . . Every known_ n1eans and artifice of the day being used for that purpose. "One of these "·as the Dela\\·are tribe, to· which .!113.Y be added the , .then located to the west in Ohio.. The other e111 braced the or Six Na­ tions, comprising the l\-Ioha,vk, 01~ei-da, On.ondaga, Cayuga and Seneca tribes, to ,vhich., in li12, ,vas added the Tuscaroras. ''The old legend is that in the distant past -Leni (original people) or Dela,vares, as they jour­ neyed eastward from the far ,vest vvere beset by a po,verful, hostile tribe on the l\Iississippi RiveL '°'To overcome their. foes they ,villingly accepted. the aid offered by the ~I~ng,ve or Iroquois. 1"'his al-· lia.nce continued until the end of the m_igration east­ ward, ,vhen eYentuallY,- the Dela,vares. settled in . Penn~ylvania ,vhile the Iroquois occupied the region • along the Great Lakes. . "In ti1ne hostilities broke out bet,veen the former friends "'hen .the Iroquois claim that they o,,ercame the Dehnvarcs fairly in battle and n1acle thc1n tht'ir vassals .. On the other hands the l)da,vares asserted that it ,vas through a despicable artifice they con­ sented to allo,v the Iroquois to beco1ne merely their protectors, and, to that end, donned the petticoat .of a woman. "From that· day., ,vhen the Dela,vares ascertained ho:w. they had been duped thei-e exist_ed a bitter ani­ mosity bet\veen the t,vo bodies~ "·hich nothing could heal. "The advent of \\" eiser upon the seen~ found the Dela,vares, then a ,\"eal~en~d tribe, occupying his o,vn Pennsylvania, ,vith their friends, · the Sha,vnese, largely in the \Yestern part, and the Six Nations, or Iroquois, constantly gr

them makes one thrill at these distant davs..., Letters. from points ,vest of the Susquehanna (;Penn's Creek), from John_ Harris at I-Iarris' Ferry (I-Iarrisburg), and fron1 Paxtang, fron1 Benj. Spycker and Re\:- l(urtz of Tulpehocken and fro111 \:V·eiser at I-Ieidelberg and . Reading had· poured in to the Proyincial Council at the first alarn1 and first foul deeds of the incursions and ravages of the Indians along the entire frontier lines of settlement in· the fall of 1755. N o,v n1ore alanning

ne,vs came from Weiser ahnost everv. ., ,veek and often t,vice a week. He ,vrites fron~ Reading on October 22, 17~5: . "I take -this opportunity to infonn you· that r ·re­ ceh.. ed news from Shan1okin, and that six fa1nilies had .been 11u1rdered on John Penn's Creek, on the ,vest side of the Susquehanna .... (several scalped and 28 n1iss­ ing). The people are in great consternation and arc coming do,vn, leaving their_ p1antations and' ·corn be­ hind then1 ..1.\vo o~ n1y sons are gone up to help do\vn one of their. cousins ,vith his frunilY .... " - . · On October 2G, 1755, he ,vrites fro111 I-Ieidelberg: ''Just no,v t'\vo of my sons, Frederick and -Peter, ar­ rived from Sha1nokiri, ,vhere they ha\'e been to help do\vn ·their cousin v~rith his fa1nily. ( 1-lere the alarn1i_ng ne,\·s of an approaching· anny of French and _Indians coming out of Allegh~ny lVIountain passes and a call fo_r 111e11 and arn1s to i·esis~ the1n is repqrted) ...,\.11_ this is in a great hurry. I pray, good sir, don't slight it. The lives of 1nany thousands are in the utt-nost danger. It is no false alann. I a111, dear sir, your hu111ble and obedient s_ervant, Conrad vV t:iser." .. J>. S. If a body .of n1en ,vould go up they could

gather plenty of corn, Leef and other provisions. N O\V1 everything is in the ut1nost confusion. I suppose in a 57 fe,v days hence, not a fam~ly ,vin •be· seen on the other side of Kittatinny Hills." That same Sunday evening at 11 o'clock he sent .a lor.g and urgent letter to 1',f r. James Read of Read­ ing, of ne,vs just receiv~d of the enemy having crossed the Susquehanna and . of .1nany persons having been killed and of great excitem~n_t prevailing in the region ,vest\vard and at Jiarris' Ferry,_ stating that he had sent out ,vord to alarin the. northern to,vnships and to have them n1eet hi111 early next morning at Benja- 1nin Spycker's for consultation as to ,vhat to do to ,vithstand the enen1y. T'hc letter concludes: '"I ,vrote you this ·that you 1nay have ti1ne to consult ,vith l\1r. Seely and other ,ve1l-\vishers of the people, in order to defend your lives and others. For God's sake -let us stand together and do "·hat ,ve can and trust to the I-land of Providence-perhaps, we must in this neighborhood, co111e to Reading; but I "\vill send arrr1ed men to Susquehanna, or as far as they can go,• for .intelligence. .. "Pray ·let San1n1y (\Veiser's son) ·have a copy of

this11 or this draft for his honor, the Governor. I. have sent hitn about_ three hours ago, express to Philadel­ phia, and he lodges at my son Peter's. Despatch him as early as you can. I pray, be,vare of confusion, be calm, you and l\lr.. Seely, and act the part of fathers of the people. I kno,v you are both able, hut exc.use me for giving this caution-ti1ne rC!quir:es it.i' At six o'clock next 1norning the despatch ,vas sent · by Read post haste to · Governor 1-1orris ,vith the as­ surance he would raise an exten1porized force to re­ sist the foe. On the 27th \V, eiser again ,vrites Governor- i\Iorr.is infor1ning hi111 he had no~ified R.cad and also alanned the. neighborhood ,vith an in11nediate response so that by break of day that 111orning 1nany ca111e tu his house. -and that he ordered all to go back home to equip themselves for a united· 1narch under his and his sons' direction, and that they ~otne together ,vith guns, s,vords, pitch forks, axes, etc., etc., and ·three days' provisions at Benj. Spycker's ho1ne (Stouchsburg) by three o'clock that afternoon. Continuing, · the letter states: '(I in1111ediate]y 111ounted .111~· h~rse -and· ,vent up _to Benja~nin Spycker's, :where I found about one hundred persons ,vho had 111et before I ca1ne there; and after I had infor111ed the111 of the intelligence that I had promised to go ,vith then1 as a common soldic! and be conunanded by such offi

Governor: "I think n1ost of• the 'inhabitants ,vould do their duty; but \\rithout s0111e 111ilitary regulations, ,ve shall n_ever be able to_ defend the Province. "I a1n sure ,ve are in great da~ger~ and by an enen1y that ·can travel as lntlians, ,ve 111ay be surprist·d ,vhcu it \vonl

THE ZELLER FORT 1745. I give these extracts to sho,v ho,\· i111n1inent "'as the danger of the se,·ere hlo\\' about to. fa II on thi:; Berks co1nn1unity. ho\\~ slu\,. ,yas the Quaker govern­ n1ent to heed the alann and ho\\· busy, ·day and night. ,vas Conrad vVeise1· in this crisis. But ,vhile the justices of Berks ,vere _penning and sending their united appeal, Governor l\'.f orris ,vas , 62 .·framing his con1m1ss1on as Colonel for Conrad \Veiser, · authorizing and charging him with the organization ·for n1ilitary defel).ce of the county. The _fo~lo,ving is the text of part of a letter the Governor sent Weiser . in ,vhich said commission as Coloriel is announced: "Philadelphia, Oct. 31, 1755. Sir_:- - . I had the pleasure of receiving your favor of the 30th ins.tant, and of being thereby set right as Indians· passing the mountains at Tolkeo, ,vhich I atn gl~d to find ,vas a false alann~ I hereby commend your con- · duct and zeal, and hope you ,vill continue to act ,vith the same Yigor and caution-that you have already done and that you 111ay have the greater authority l have appointed you a Colonel by a Coin mission here,vith. · · "I have not time to give. you any instructions ,vith the Conunission, but leave it to your judgment and discretion, · v.rhich I kno,v are great, to do what is most for ·the sa~ety of the people and· servic-e of the Crown, etc .., etc." I · ant, Sir~ )"Our Friend ·and Servant, ROBER']' f-IUNTER 1'.I()l~RIS. Conrad \\' eiser, Esq.· T'hc Co111mission can1e none too soon, for all through N ove111ber Indian depradations and 1nurders ,vere con1111itted in the back sett1ements of Ber~s. \Vhile \Veiser ,vas organizing his forces and securing guns and anununition, substantiated reports reached him of Indian 1nurders of the ,vatch at Dietrich Six's Fort and others .in the neighborhood, and si1nilar tragedies in other sections of the back country. 1"'he PenqsylYania Regiment ,vas quickly forrned and_ ,vith the First Battalion consisting of nine companies at his con1mand, he guarded_ all approaches and defenses along the Blue l\.Iountains bet\veen the Susquehanna 63 and Dela,vare Rivers. Here and tI:iere .s1nall parties of the enemy· escaped. them an~. crept through his thinned ranks of ,vatchers a.nd rovers, yet the 111ischief and deadly hann done by the111 ,vas .reduced to the · ·mininnun possible to such a scatt~red ~orce. But he could not please everybody. • He '\Vas blame~ for his '\visest course in. holding the Iroquois loyal ,vhile ·. the Dela,,·ares ,yere thus peeved and of­ fended. \V'hen he "~as deter111ined to -do· justice to the . Indians, he so enraged the frontiersmen, who de111anded. · a scalp bounty, that they even threatened to kill. him. l\.Iany turned against hi1n ,vhcn he accepted the Gov­ ernor's Co1n1nission. 'fhe French· offered a re,vard for his scalp. l\Iany looked upon hi1n ,vith envy, c:>thers ,vith suspicion, because he \Yas of the Governor's party and served the interests of the proprietaries, against ,vhosc delay and apparent indiffere.nce these frontiers­ n1en ,vere no,y turning cold ·and suspicious. Yet he ,vas busy day and night in the protection of his f ello,v citizens; e,·cry,vhere his forces ,vere repe11ing the sav­ age Indians in their inrur~ion~. f nr he ,•ta~ 1,raYe. Yig-ilant and ,u.·ti Vl~.

In I; ~(i I-Ion. \Villia111 I)enn., v succeeded Go\·ernor lviorris in office. In 17 5!.> the f onner appointed \ \' eiser as one· of his Co1n111issaries of Berks County ,vith plenary powers over all the county's Justices of the Peace in their. separate districts to issue \\~arrants to the constables for the i111pressing- of as 111any ,vagons as he n1ight at any tin1e de1nand "in order to enable him and then1 to carry on the I.Zing's service according to his contract." 'J'hough fairly active in go\·er111uental or public service to his last year, there \\"ere signs c.. f his failing health dufing the last year of his life. 1'hough infinn he attended to all his dutie~. ,vhich de\·elopcd npon hin1, as a soldier and co111111ander. a Justice of the 64 · Peace, a judge of the county ~ourts, trustee· of Cha·rity

Schools ( ,vith GoY. Ha111:~ · n, Chief Justice ..-\lle-11 1 Richard Peters, ·~enj. ·Fra:.1.~lin and· Rev. Dr. \Yin. Smith a::; Colleagues) an Indian interpreter a1~d Co111- missary to the satisfaction of the G0Yernn1ent. He made great sacrifices of perso.nal con1fort and gain. as his patriotisn1 did not suffer hiin_-to enjoy the ease and quiet of a retired life, "~I-iich he ,vot~ld otherwise have desired as he ,vas 110,v past three-score years. His O\Vll son-in-la,v, R.ev. !\J uh]cnberg, ,vho ,vas · chiefly concerned in men's · spiritual vvelfare, in a biographic sketch· of hin1, tells us that· as this ,var be­ t,,,een the French and English peoples broke out and the Indians violated their treaty covenants and at­ tached themsel\'CS ·generally to our enetnies (the -Fren~h), \ Veiser fell into new tetnptations. h'fhe G·oY- . ernment appointed hi111 Lieut. Colonel. I·Iere offices . . are made for persons and not persons for the offices. The salary ,va.s to atone for all labor and sacrifice en­ tailed. 1';his charge did hiin and his childre~ 111ore · harn1, in body· and soul, than all else before. I·Ie ,vas already aged, \\·cak in body, accusto1i1ed to doinestic comforts, had to be ;:nvay fron1 ho111e a great deal and often ,vas obliged .to confer ,vith the leaders of the city and ,vith European 111ilitary· heroes concerning Indian affairs. · . But the 1nost 111erciful · and gracious R.edeen1cr and Saviour of 111en, \V_ho has no pleasure in 111an's ruin, preserved his earthly life unto the close of this n1arvelous \Var an.cl left hi111 hilve a special and gra­ cious respite that gavt: hi111 tin1e to reflect, to ,~ash a,vay his stains in fhe blood of the Lani b, and \\·ork out his soul's salvation ,vith ·fear and tre1nbli1ig, and thus await a gracious end. It surely costs much to be and to ren1ain a Christian."* 'fhe. historian, I. D.

•••Jfollis,·hc Nnchric·hteu,'" p. 974 (mmsl:ltion). 65 Rupp, in his "History of Berks and Lebanon· Coµn:• ties," pages 221 and 222, says of \Veiser's end: "He closed his eventful life July 13, 1760. · Ori_ Saturday, the 12th, he ,vent fron1 his residence in· Reading in the enjoy111ent of hi·s ,vonted health to his country seat near the present site of \V 01nelsdorf. He ,vas suddenly seized by . a violent col~ca pituitosa, \vhich tern1inated his life on Sunday, about noon. His ren1ains ,vere interred in the fatnily burying ground on the 15th, on ,vhich occasion the Rev. I<.urtz (Rev. John Nicholas Kurtz, 1). D., his pastor), preached a very itnprcssive discourse frotn these ,vords: '_t\nd thou shalt go to thy fat hers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old ag-e.' Gen. J .r; : Lj, coin pared ,vith · Ps. 8:1- :11, 12: 'For the Lord God is a sun and shield; the Lord will give grace and glury; no good thing ,vill 1-lc ,vithhold fron1 then1 that ,valk uprightly. 0 Lord • of hosts, blessed i•s the n1an that trusteth in 'I'hee.' "

TOMB-STONES OF MR. AND MRS. CONRAD WEISER 66 Over his grave ,vas p1aced a si1nple, rough-he,vn, [sand-stone, upon ,vhich is carved the tollo,ving brief ~epitaph which tra.nslated into English, reads.: ~'This is the

Dit:St~S iit die JC uh<:••S'f A l~'l"f J~ tl~s WEYL 1-:hReN CJeAd,tcteN M. 'COX· H.\dt WeiseHS. U~r- · sd.. JJi-Ge Gcbohre.S 1696. 1, .. 2 "NO\'ember iu AST.A-IC:T, jna Amt H~r1·~-S-U~rgp Bl WJT­ 'l'c~l,erg<:r L:uulc. U'wl w•:S'l'Or-Hcu I 7GO n. 13 Julius, 181' •.\T./J.' .WordcX · 04 ,fohr :sll. 3 w O'.l'.

resting place of the late highly cstee111ed l\I. ( )I ag­ istrate) Conrad \Veis~r. 'fhe.sa1ne ,v·as born No,·e1n­ ber 2, 1696, in .A.staet. in the County of Her.renberg in the kingdo111 -of \Vittt>nherg, and died July 13, 1760. Aged 64 years. 8 111(H1th~. :J \vceks~ ·G days." N. B. l'h(•rc is a ~light error in reckoning of his age. Should be H tnonth~ and 1;; days. · 'fhe death of \V ciser ,\·a:; a serious loss and af-. fliction to both the Indians and the state authorities. Suitable notice \\·as taken of it at an Indian conference held in Easton. Pa., 1\ugust ;J-, 17--u1. ·,vhere the India11 spokes111an and Go,·ernor Ja1nes l-Ia111iJton gaye ex­ pression of their sense of 1nut'1.1a] loss in tenns of high­ -est· praise for his ,vorth _and character. T'he ,vords of Gov. Ha1nilton foll()\\": ''\Ve are Yery sensible, ,vith you. that both of us have sustained a very heavy. loss by the death of o_ur old and good friend, Conrad \Yeiser, ,vho \\·as an able, experienced and faithful interpreter, and one of ·the Council of the Sevfn Nations; and_ ·that since ·his 67 death;,ve, as ,vell as you, haYe ·sat in darkness and are · at a great loss, for ,vant oi ,yell understanding ,vhat we say to one a119ther. \Ye n1ourn ,vith you for his death and heartily join in ·coyering his body ,vith bark. · .,\ Belt-Brethren; By this Belt ,ye dispel ~he dark · clouds ,vhich, yo_u have· justly observed, the death of . our good friend has occasioned, and 1nake the sky perfectly clear again, that ,ve ·111ay behold the light all the day long. \Ve ease our hearts from the grief you ,vere under, on this n1ournf ul account, and ,ve pray God that ~ve may fore,·er ]iye together in pe~ce and love. .,_'\. Belt." 1''hen by n1utual agreen1ent Sanuny \Veiser, Conrad's son, -,vas at this conference appointed as the father's successor at least teinporarily and on ·trial, as their mutual interpreter. 1.,he State Secretarv, Hon. Richard Peters, had . - . . ,vri'tten: ''Poor n1Ir. \\' eiser is no· 111ore; ·he died sud- denly in the sunuuer, and has not left any _9ne ,to fill · his place as Provi11cial interpreter." h'fradition has it .• , says R.upp~ the historian, Hthat fro111 a high regard for his character, the Indians, for many yea·rs· after his deat_h, \\·ere in the habit of 1na~­ ing visits of affectionate ren1<::n1brance to his grave."· It is even reporte_d on good authority that as 111.any as· five friendly Indian chiefs. at their o\\·1~ request, ,verc here laid to· rest alongsi

69 r------,------~------:it·'.:.r:~: :·: .:::·\ ,_ •}I~Yi~t-:.-:l.-;(~~{i~ti-;;J:\(~/:i~)I::~., .. ~...c-fil:-.•··•---~: ...-..•7,l. )~.:-c.,. .. ~-'• .....:•::.'•·-: ··.•. ;.~. . .· . ~- . '

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. ~ ...... -~ .... . {·f..... " .. ~- ,. ; . -. ;' - ·• ... .. _, ·- '------·-- ______Hon. Frederick August Conrad Muhlenberg Gen. John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg REV~ HENRY MELCHOIR MUHLENBERG, D. D. Rev. Gotthilf Heinrich Ernst Muhlen\)erg, D. D. ~ev. John Christopher Kunze, D. u. iO Part II CONRAD WEISER's DESCENDANTS­ WHAT THEY" ·D10 This is a great subject, for by actual count there have lived, or are· now living, over ten thousancr uf din11 ct descendants, ,vho have been abo\'t.~ .the a \'Cl"age in intelligence, piety, leadership an

••:.-.- "···--: ;.·-··· -.-:.- ···>-:,--. "':' r;.._____ -~ ,,c;; - ·-·---..:. .. -- .: -:.____ - ,_~ ,~-:.·-·--l':1,; ...... :,";.,..:..--: ... .._,_ 01"' the' .....·"'..,.GICII,-.."llll ..

:.--- ;- • ;-- "!.. n •• -1. .. <:::. .... J.. ,.. 'I ·- "'"" .-=-~=.-·___ ..,,, ·-'-- ...C ···--;.. -:. - •-;:...... •. -,. ,-.,..::11 - ,.1,11 •. ;n--- --nLC...... andI. that 21-• · name or Conrad \ \" ei:;cr has nc,t been tarnished_. - th(Jttgh it may not shine 50 contrastingly, COD-I? spicuously, in these days of the \Yide dissemination ot education as in his day-by the generations that ha\-e iollo,\·ed his. A.nd hecat1se of this-because they have helped to reflect glory upon the bro,\· of this Colonial ,·eteran and Jcaclcr,. ,ve :;hall here name the nobler deeds of 1nany of the 1110st conspicuous among them. Conrad and r\nn E,·,~ \Vei::-;cr \\"ere the parents of fiiteen children, of \\·hon1 eight ditd before their father -1110::;t of thcn1 in infancy an

(A) PHILif WEISE·R

Of Conrad \Veiser's eldest son, Phirip, \Ye kno\v that he ,vas born in Schoharie ori Septe111ber 7, 1722, and ther_e baptized by the Rev. Joh~ Bernhard \'on Duehren, · a Lutheran n1inister and that the sponsers were Philip Braun ( Bro,vn) and ,vife ( ,vho also_ mi­ grated to 'fulpehockcn and took up Ja·nd on the north bank of the creek, just ~Nest of the present roacl irom \Vo1nelsdorf to Rehrerslntrg. ,vhere l~oth died and lie buried in a field back of the -house, 1narked by to1nbstones). Philip \ \r tiser ,vas 111arried to Sophia Rien1 on November 22, 17-t8 at the R.ieth's Church., ,vith ,vhon1 he had ·four chil_dren and died on i\1arch 27,_ 17Gl, at· the early age of 38 years, 5 111011ths· and 4 days. l ll· ,,·as associated ·with his fathl'r in the events . . of the French and lndian \Ya:r, a lieut_enant in Capt. Geo. R.eynold's con1pany in 1756. He \Vas for a ,vhile, like his father, identified "·ith the Ephrata con1n11111ity, ,\·here he bore the nan1e of '"f.heobold, but returned with his father to his O\Vn -church and ·lies bur.ied in the Rieth Church cen1eterv... It is claimed he shortened his life by injuries received in his ,var experiences. He inherited the old ho111estead in 1760. His chil­ dren ,vere: 1. John Conrad. ,vho disting~1ished hin1self as a soldier of the l{evoh1tion. lJ t! ,vas 1st Lieut. in Capt. lviichael \Volf's co111pany, Col. Patton's Battalio_n Berks County ~I ilitia, 17·,13 .: rose to Capt. in I; 7-; and served in 1778. In :\J ard1, 1796, he located. in Snwler. County. at the present town of Selinsgrove ancl there lies 7-i buried only a few rods. a,vay from the grave of Gov. Simon ·snyder. Of his descent there is a long line. The fifth son was Daniel, ,vho studied and served as a Lutheran minister, ,veU-kn0\\'"n and. \vell-belo\·ed. to a good, old age, dying as pastor of Selinsgrove, Dec. 9, 1875. His son (that is Rev~ Dr. l)aniel \:Veiser's son) Clement Z,vingle vVeiser (183(t_-1898)· ,vas the author of Conrad vVeiser's biography and 1nany -other liter­ ary ,vorks, a noted and el?qttent preacher of the Ger­ man Refor~ned Church for years, ,vhose la.st charge

.. ' ...... • .• .. .. ·.• "."' ... ·. '· vvas the Pennsburg pastorate \\'here he died and is · · buried. He was founder and editor of a religious ·paper that circulated ,vi'dely an1ong the youth of the· church for years. Another daughter of Rev. Daniel \Veiser's ,vas Emma II. \\'eiser who became the ,vife of Rev. Geo. F. l\filler, and a nun1erous des<;:ent follo,vs_ in this first son of Philip \Veiser's line. 2. The second. son of Philip· \\'! eiser \\Tas P~ter, who also figures _in the ]{evolution as 3d I. .. ieut. in Capt. N agle's Con1pany ,vhich is kno\vn as belonging to the First Defenders of the Revolution. II_e took part in the Battle of Long Island, and in the. Battle of Ger­ manto,vn, Pa., ,vas severely ,vounded and . captured, and ,vas nursed in Adolph Gil111an's fan1ily, on l\tiarket St., Philadelphia, where he. added a codicil to his will giving a sum of JnOney to rein1burse 1\-lr. Gilman for · his services. 3. ,.fhe third son of Philip vVeiser's ,v,{s Jabeth (Jahetz). \\'ho nmrried l\Iary · Elizabeth \ Vengert, \\'ho also ,vas a private in the l{e\'olutionary \Var, but after­ wards they carried on farming near \Vomelsdorf.. where both are buried, the ton1bstone recording that he \Vas blind the last years of his life. Their children and descent are likewise nun1erous and .wove together by the ties of mar·riage such f ainilies as Jf ubers, 1-Iorns, Schaum, Peters, Fe.ngels, f)eppins, I( riegbaun1s, Pollarcls, Linders, Hartmans·, Faust, . Grieff, Calhoun, l-Ioff 1neier. Fasig, \Volf, et ai: rfheir third son John Weiser ,vas .a soldier i~ the war of 1812, and a long list of grand-sons in the Civil \Var: In this line also can1e Rev. T. F. Hoffmeier, of ·nf t. Pleasant, l\Id., T)rs. 1-lenry J. Gibson and \\~illia111 G·eorge Bo,ver, of ~Iyersto,vn, &c. 76 4. The fourth child. of Philip \Veiser's ,v~s a post­ humous daughter who is said to have died young.

(B) ANNA MARIA WEISER · This the 'third child born to Conrad \Veiser_, in Schoharie, N. Y., first saw the light of

Which translated reads: "The right Re,,rerend Sir Henry l\Ielcf1ior lVIuhlen­ berg, n1ost \\'Orthy L_utheran preacher, ,va~ here united in· the bonds of marriage ,,·ith -l\!iss .1-\nna -1\iaria. \Veiser, the pu)Jlicly proclaitned single daughter of the highly hon­ orable Sir Justice Conrad "\;\T eiser, on Friday· after Easter.'' The "H" in the record stands for "Herrn" ,vhich . means l\Iister. or Sir. Frida_, v after. Easter fell this .year of 1745, ( under ,vhich ·year the ei1try_ is made) on April 22nd. • . There ,vere present at this .,vcdding ·as ,vitnesses, Rev. 1\I uhlet~berg's clerical friends and associc1;.tes, Rev. Peter Brunnholtz of.. Philadelphia a~d R.ev. John J-Ienry Schau111, both of "·hc,111 ht• had but' n:.•_cently indu~ed to co1nc f ro1n tht! 1:-atht:rland ior· Lutheran .:\lissionary \Vork in Pennsylvania. . R.e\·. ·robias ,v· agner, the of­ ficiating 1ninist~r ,Yas then _the pastor of ·this 1'ulpe­ hocken charge. . . H.e,·. l\-Iuhlenberg ,,·as horn on _Sept. 6, .1711, in Ein1- beck, 1-lanover, Gern1any, the son of Nicholaus lvielchior l\Iuhlen.berg, a trades111an. of Ei111beck, and .Ani:a l\lary l(leinschn1id, his \vife, \\·ho ,vas the· daughter of a 111ili­ tary officer·· of Gennany. . I-le ,vas, therefore,. nearly thirty-three years of age at his 111arriage, ,,·hile his. hr"ic.le was less tha11"eightee1i, or over fifteen ye_ars his junior.. .f f e ,vas a \\'ell-trained and highly educate

79 member of the Lutheran Church. Later he attended school at Zellerfeld, the Universities of. Goettigen and Jena,·and then taught in the· Orphan ~louse of Halle, an associate of the noted (iotthilff August Francke, son of the founder of the institution, August Hermann Francke. But ·in 1739 he left here and ·becan1e pastor of the Lu­ theran Chur_ch at Grosshennersdorf, in Saxony. \Vhile serving here he rec~ived the call throt~gh D_r. Francke, of ''the dispersed Lutherans of Pennsylvania.'' In. a short tin1e thereafter ( Sept. 6, 1741) he decided, under God's providence, to accept the call and so ,vas determined the re111arkable career that a"·aited him in the ,vilds of the yet undeveloped, but fast settling colonies of .A.rnerica. After son1e 111011ths of prcparatio11, he left _his native land on April 14, 1742, arriving on the 17th at London, at the house on the Court preacher at the Gern1an's St. Jan1es Chapel, ReY. Dr. Frederick \V. Ziegenhagen. I-Ie left . . . London on June 13th and arrived at Charleston, S. C., Sept. 23, of the san1e year ( 1742). Here he lab~_red also visiting the Saltzburger Lutherans of this State until· ~o,·. 12th, ,vhen he _sailed for Philadelphia ,,·I1t~re he ar­ rived Nov-. :?5th, wht'n hi:; great life ,,·ork 111ay be ..;Saiis HENRICI lvIELCHIOR l·IUHLENBERG . . Sacrae Theologia Doctor et Senioris !,Iinisterii Lutherani _,\n1ericani Nati Sept. 6, 1711 Defuncti Oct. 7, 1787 Qualis et Quantus fuerit Non ignorabunt sine lapid-e Futura Saecula

Which translated ·reads: "Sacred b~ this 1nonument to the memory of· the blessed and Yenerahle 1-IENRY l\:IELCHIOR ,.lvIUH­ LENBERG. Doctor of Sacred Theology and Senior of the A1nerican Luth~ran ~[i11ist~riun1. Born Sept. 6, 1711 ; died Oct. 7, 1787. \Vho and ,vhat he was f uturc ages ,vill know without a stone." That future ages have known and honored this re­ markable instrumentality of G~d in building a great - Church in An1erica is 111anifest from the fact that volu111es of biography and history have been published about ·hi111; that a 111ission fielril 27, 1?63. It was the father's plan to ha\·e all three he.re pre­ pared for the holy 111inistry. But Peter's. fondness for hunti!1g and fishing necessitated his being sent to an ap­ prentjceship_ \\·ith a druggist at Luebeck. Gern1any, ,vhere, finding· his tasks i.rkson1e, he ran away and enlisted iJ1 a co111pany of dragoons, where he was engaged as secre­ tary of the re~in1ent. His father hearing about it had hin1 .discharged_ and hrought hon1e, in 1766. l-Iere, under the care of his- father and the Rev. Dr. Provost \Vrangel, of Philadelphia. he was· prh·ately prepared for the office of the 111inistry, exaniined and licensed anfl placed over the congregations at_ N' ew (~en11anto,y11 and Bed111inster. }; . J. \ Vhile pastor here he 111arried :\Iiss i\nna Barbara !\!eyer, of Philadelphia, in 1770. In 1772 he took charge of the I...utheran. Congregation at \\"oodstock, Va., ·after an Episcopal ordination in Lonclon. as _then required by the laws of Virginia. Here he• btl~at11e acquainted ,vith \ Vashington in the occasional sport pf the field. 1\t ~he outbreak of the 1\n1erican !{evolution he tpok an active ai1d conspicuous part. ]-le ,vas elected a iue111ber of the }-louse of Burgesses, a delegate to the State Convention, in 1774, ,vhere he becan1e an ardent supporter of Patrick ·Henry, and in l)ecen1ber of the follow·ing· year ,vas ap­ J>Ointed colonel of the I~ighth \,.. irginia R.egin1ent. Then fallowed that spectacular _leave-taking f ron1 his congregation at a Sunday 111,.,rning service on Jan. 82 13, 1776, which ·event -has. been duly broadcasted do,vn the years and the sesqui-centennial of which has been duly_ celebrated by the· old congregation of \Voodstock in a three--day progran1 this very year. He had preached an appropriate f are,vell sern1011, pern1eated ,vith · fiery pro­ ,var· senti1nents, ,vhich ended ,vith the ,vords: _"there is a titue to preach an

GEN. JOHN PETER G. MUHL;NBERG.

1\t \Vashington-'~ sugge:-tion he accepted-the Colonelcy· . . . of the Eighth \ 1irg-inia H.egi111ei1t, ctncl the arn1y under the con11nand o.f l\luhlenherg gave a good account of itself during the eight years of service. lI is fi1.;st ca111- paigns ·were .in Cieorgia and South Carolina and at the Battle of Sullivan's lslann Feb. 21. 1777, ·he "·as 83 promoted to Brigadier General and orde_red North. In the Battle of the Brandywine ~1is brigade and another bore the brunt of the ·action. He gave a good account of himself at· the Battle of Gern1anto,vn, and spent the winter ,vith Washington's army, at· Valley Forge, after visiting his parents in. their ho111e nearby. • I In 1778 -he ,vas doing his part in_ the Battle of 1\1:onmouth, N. J., and in 1 ;·79 comn1anded the Reserve at the storn1ing of Stony Point, N. Y., ,vhile in 1780 opposed, as chief hi conuuand, Gen. Leslie's inva.:. sion of Virginia, and ,vas next to Lafayette a~ the siege and storn1ing of Yorktown. in li8L He ,vas promoted to Major-General,. Sept. 30, 1783. In 1784 he journeyed to Ohio to locate lands \vhich the Generals received- for service during the war, hoping later to settle here, but his calls to civil responsibility· frust~ated these plans. He was elected as Yice .President ( with Be~jamin Franklin as President) in the fall of 1785 of the Colony • of PennsylV'ania, and re-elected in 1788. In December of thi.s year he became a n1e1nber of the_ first U. S. Con- ·gress and again elected for tlie third ·Congre~s in 1793, and the sixth in 1799. In 1801 he ,yas elected U. S. Sen­ ator from Pennsylvania, but, after a ie,v months, resigned· to accept President J efferson~s appointn1ent. as Supervisor. of Internal Revenue of Pennsylvania. In July, 1802, he was appointed CoUector of the Port_ of Philadelphia, which position he held to the tin=ie of h~s death, -on 9ct. 1, 1807. He ·was buried near his father at the 1"rappe Lutheran .Church. l-Iis statue stands in the "Hall of Fame" at the Capi_tol, of ,~ 7 ashington, D. C.,. as· one of the two representatives of Pennsylvania; and another graces the plaza of the PttlJlic Square in the heart of Philadelphia. He left four children. ·.\ccording to Capt. H. M. lvI. Richard's account, th<:: two oldest sons, named I-Ienry 84 Myer and Charles Frederis:k l\f uhlenberg~ respectively,. di~d bef_ore their father, ,vithout issu~. I-I ester ]VIuhlenherg, the third child of Peter, ·be- · ca111e the ,vife. of Dr. Isaac I-Iiester, of Reading, one of that city's most distinguished physicians. ,vho was first !President of Berks County's l\fedical Society, founded in l 824. Their issue heca11.1e illustrious.. · aniong whom ,vere: (pi) A1111a 1111/rle11bc1~!I flieJ·ter ( 1812-1850) first· ,vi fe of John Pringle Jones. a 1ioted barrister, of Phila­ delphia; -Deputy .Attorney General for Berks Coun.ty, Judge of the Third Judicial District of Pennsylvania. ( b) f¥-ill-ianz Jllultlenbcry 1-liestc·r ( 1818-1878) a Ia,vyer of Reading, State Senator of Pennsylvania, 1852- 55, and chosen Speaker ~,f Senate in 1855; Secretary of the Con1111011\vealth under Go,·. \Villiam F. Packer. I-Iis son was the late Isaac :\L l·Iiester, attorney of the R.ead­ ing bar, ,vhose children ai1hio. 1-Jis. 'Nife v:as ·Ella \". Laurnan. and they left issue inter- 111arriecl ,vith 1fcSherry an

a cousin of Daniel Boone, the J.1~entucky_ pioi1eer. 3. illiclzacl JI ulilenbcr!J JI.gc ( 1806-1875) iparried I .. oui~a i\.f orreJl \Vho had se\·eral chi]drei1 and their cles­ cent ·were interinarried ,vith. the ,voodn1ans, . Jan1es, Thon1ases, Bonines, l\IcCullochs, ,.augers,' E1liotts, Chal­ fant, \Valters, Streaters, Cassidv and l\JcFarlands. 87 GOV. JOHN ANDREW SHULZE

88 The second child of Rev. and Mrs. Shulze was Henry L. Shulze ( 1774-1824). He 1narried ]\,{aria Elizabeth Miller, but l~ft no issue. The third child was John An­ drew 1\:Ielchior Shulze, who vvas destined to bring great renown as the State's Governor to the good name of his. parents and forebears. He was born in the Lutheran parsonage,. ~ear Stouchsburg on July 19_, 1775. Died in La,~caster, Pa., Nov. 18, 1852, and ·is there buried. Ile was liberally educated for_ the holy 111inistry and ·as s_uch assisted his fat her in his large parish· for a period of eight . years. .:-\fter his_ n1arriage to Susan I(immel they lived a few years in \Vomelsdorf, ·when in 1804, -because of a rheumatic affection, he was obliged to remit the ministry and took up business, residing a _fe,v years- in 1\,1 yersto,vn. In 1806 he was elected to the I... egislature serving for three terins. In 1813, upon the erection of Lebanon County, he n1oved to I_ebanon and served as Prothonotary for eight years. In 1822 he ,vas ·elected Senator and in 1823 as Governor of the State as. a Democrat. In 1826 . he ,,·as re-elected· Governor "'hen his opponent had hardly ~ a . thonsa11d Yotes in. the State. I·Iis administration ,vas one distinguished for ability a11d integrity. During his tern1 of office, he tendered the State's courtesies to Gen. Laf~yette at the time of his second visit to this country. J·Iis four children and their descendants brought ·such nan1es a:; Gilbert, l\filler, l\Joore, · R.ine, l\I u11iken ancl Sea­ christ into the f arni~y by n1arriage. The fourth of .Rev. Shulze's fan1ily was Frederick ,'\ugustus Shulze ( 1777-182-+) wl~o 1narried Mary Rosina Hiester, and who carried- on n1ercantile business in \:Vou1- elsdorf. 'fheir eight children and grandchildren added t_o . . . . the fatnily tree such nan1es as Dr. Felix R. 1V[cl\i1anus, of . . Baltin1orc,_ Sinclair, Jones, \Vier, Shepherd, Goldsbor- ough, Gregg, l~ennedy, Philly, Dailey, Prentiss~ Groce, Weston, I{ing! Fidler; Stauffer, Valentine, Sn1ith and. others . .:\111ong these is tl_ie donor of the \Veiser Park plot, ~9 L. Roy Valentine, of \Vomelsdorf, of the f our~h genera­ tion of Shulze family and the sixth of Conrad \\T eiser. 'I'hrec 1\lcl\ianus women entered Catholic conYents. . The fifth child ·of Rev. and lVtrs. Shulze ,vas John Peter Gabriel Shulze (~iS0-1853) who n1arri~_d :\-lary .l\fag-dalene In1mel of near l\Iyerstown, and their descent is 1 e~ponsible for the follo,ving and ·more n~n1es being interwoven with the. \Veiser family by this Shulze­ -1\f uhlenberg line, viz: Spencer~ R.ev. Thoi11as Got\vald, H.eeder, Jackson., -Harris, \Vallace,- I{ex (a noted fan1ily), Felthousen,. Ball, ~ibbens, Ed,"·ard Shulze \ 7anderslice, (a grandson of Henry \ 7a~clerslice, Sheriff ·of Berks County at the tilne of the Revolutionary outbreak) and a brother _of ,vhom lienry .l\Iuhlenberg Vanderslice, 1). S., is married to a daughter of the late -Rev. Dr·. JrJs~pl1 A. Seiss, I.J. L. !)., an eminent· IJtttheran n1ini~ter of -Phila­ delphia) ·zieber, M. D. . . The si:rt/z- Shulze child \\'as Catharine G., ,vho· died sing1e ( 1782-1815). . .. 'fhe seventh, Christiana Salon1e Shulze (1783-1853) tnarried John .:\lbrig-ht. Xo issue. 'I'ht~ t?i!Jhllz_, l\lary :\l:1g-dcl<.•n,1 Shulze ( 1785-1841) n1arried John Can1eron, a brother of Simon Can1eron, lJ. S. Senator,_ Secretary of ,var in J..,incoln's Cabinet, 111ini5ter to Russia, and twice again U. S. Senator fron1

Pe:u1svivania,. who 111arried a daughter. of Peter llrua of R.ev. · C. E. Shulze's Christ Churc~1 congregation. A daughter· of this unio11:, Catharine E. ~an1eron, 111arried her cousin~ }lenry Ernest :\Iuhlenberg, of Lancaster fro!n ,vhon1 catue quite a family, one son _of ,vhon1 I·Ienry E.- l\1uhlenberg, Jr.., was a practicing ·physi­ cian n1any years in Laf1cnster. Pa. · 3. Fredcric1'~ ..d llfJztstus Conrad \vas the third child of the ]~ev. Patriarch _and .Anna :\farie \Veise_r :\Iuhlcnherg, and wa::; born at the Trappe. Jan. 2, 1750. Like his older brother. Peter, _he ,vas sc~nt to the Unive·rsitr of f-Ialle, 9ll · Ge:·n1any, for his classical and theological education. On -his return he ,vas ordained as a Lutheran minister Oct. 25, 1770. Ile first assisted his father, then took ·charge ·of a country parish in the I.Jehanon \ 1alle.y \Vit h hi~ n:~i~ ·

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HON. FRED A. C. MUHLENBERG

ch:'H~·~ in Schaefferstown, Pa. ()n ()ct. 15; 1 i71 he "·as n1arried in Phiiadelphia to Catharine Schaeffer, daughter of Frederick Schaeffer, a sugar refiner ancl ot11cer in the historic Zion's L.utheran congregation. In 1773 l~e ac­ cepted a ca11 to Ne\\' \""ork City, \vhcre ·he served till the outbreak of the Re,·olutiun and the British occupancy of the city, \\ hen he fled to Ptnnsyl \·ania and again assisted his fat her in his i111n1ense field. :'\t the urgent request of his friend~ he left the pulpit fur the f onnn. lie held s0111~ county. offices of l\Iontg-,)n1ery County, one being Judge. In 1779 the Legislature of ~ennsylvania elected hitn a delegate to the Continental Congress and rene,ved the ippoint111ei1t next year and then serYed in the State ...:.\s:;e111bly for se,·eral years. In 1787 he ,vas elected a delegate to the State ~onvention. which con~idcrcd the adoption of the lJnited States Constituti(Jn. ]·le was 1nade ,91 President of this body and when the vote stood a tie for and against adoption he cast the deciding vote i_n favor of it;; ratification and thus saved the federal union, which hung upon the vote of Pennsylvania. He was next chosen by the State Legislature as a n1en1ber of the first United States Congress and three tin1es reelected. Ile was chose-n as the first speaker of the Lo,l\·er House and again as speaker of the Thitd Congress. I-Ie presided with marked ability a11d dignity. His casting ,·cite in the Jay treaty, April 29, 1796, in all probability averted another war. After his Cqngressional experience in 1798 he served as R.eceiver General of the Land Office· by appuintn1ent of Gov. 'fhc,n1as ·1vtiffii11, and continued till his death .on J ~tne 4, 1801. fie had beeri President of the Gennan Society of Pennsylvania, from 1790-1797 ancl also ,vas a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania. Though twice a candidate for the Govern!).rship of his nath·e State. he failed of an election. Ife \\·as "a n,an of high attain­ ments and uni1npeachahle integrity, ,vhose sterli~g char­ acter, admirable self-con1111and a11<1 correct judg1~1ent "1,ecially qualified· hin1 for the presiding chair, , ..,hich he ~n frequently an

lle was survived. bv~six. chilrevalent use of Gennan in church services. he was pcr­ n1itted hy the 111othe1· · to attend the Episcopal. and so~ ,vith a ntunbc-r of other tu111binations, he gre·,v up in that denomination and becan1c one of its· n1ost noted 111inis­ ters, giving to her hi~ Ji f e-long. 111ost conspicuu:us servic;e in Philadelphia, Lancast.er and Ne\\· York City. at ,vhich place he founded a Boys~ Church School, or College, the Church of the I-Iolv Con1nu1ninn and the first Protestant 92 Sisterh_ood· in U. S. and St. Luke's Hospital.- The last · work of his useful life was in. founding, on Long Islanc;i, .. a rural· Community, nan1ed "St. Johnland," ,vhere the \vorthy poor of the city, young and old, find shelte·ring comfort in suitable cottages, and breathing ~pace fro111 ~ crowded sweltering city. He is the attthor of four ,vell- . kno,vn hymns, among ,vhich '"I \Voul(l Not Live _Al,~ay,'' is best known. · 2~ Frederick A. }.tf-uhlcnberg_. ,vho died · single in 1837. 3. Iv/ ary Ann ,}.,f iehlenberg, ,vho married John Roc,gers, ,vhose daughter, :!Yiary ..Ann, married ~\iVilliam Chisolm. · Second Child of Fr~derick Augustus Conrad was Mary Catharine Muhlenberg ( 1774-.1846). She became the second wife of John S. Hiester, of Reading, the only ·son of Governor Joseph Hiester. and Elizabeth ( nee \Vitman) his ,vife. He. was a graduate of Princet~n Colleg~, ad­ mitted to Philadelphia bar, then·_ for nine years held all the offices of Berks .County Courts. Their frVe children had fine records and "·.ere ,vell connected by·. n1arriage,_ as follo,vs: I. Joseph Afu.Jzlcnbcrg -J-Iiester ( 1806-1881) ·n1ar­ ried Isabella Craig· l\1cLanahan, closely related to A.n­ d~e,iv Gregg, of national fan1e and General.Jan1es Porter, of the Revolution. 2. Frederick Augustus 1.11-uhlenbcrg Hiester ( 1808- 186~) ,vho left t,vo children. 3. Ca.thari11c Elizabeth _Hiester ( 18i0-1888) ,vho became the second ~vife of John· Pringle Jones .. 4. Elizabeth Jfargaretta. H icstcr ( 1812-1827) died at boarding school in Philadelphia. 5. Eu,genia Frances Hiester ( 1813-1849) first 111ar- · ried her cousin, \\7iJ1ia111 John Sheaff, ,vith ,vhom had t\vo children: ( 1) Catharine Elizabeth, who married 93 \ Alexander lVIurray Ste,vart, and (2) Ellen_ Fr~nces, ,vho

married David lvic!vlurtrie Gregg, of a noted fan1ily 1 a graduate of \Vest Point· a-nut _of_ ten) with their out-branching families. All c,thers are also nan1ed. First. Jlary Kun::;c (1773- ). Second. .Jlaria Cathari,rc Ku11~c (1774- ). Third. Catharine E/i:;a ( 1776-1863) married l\1ay 21, 1801,_ Caspar l\·Ieier ancl had the fo11owing children: l. _;-\melia He·nrietta ( 1802-1804). · 2 .. ' :\largaretta l-lenrietta { 1804-1836) ,vho married ( 1827) Laurentius Henry Von Post. 'Through this line clesctnded 1nany -noted fan1ilies of Ne,v_ York of such_· natnes, besides Von Post, as Schwab, Plieninger, Nol­ tenius, I(ulenka111pff, Schrader, Gossling·,_ l{lup_pel _.;~ncl Pauli 3. l~tnily l\Jaria (:\Ie~er), (1806-1872). ,vho-·n1ar­ ried Dr. 1\lhert S.n1ith. :\fav J, 182-5, and thev had two ~ - ' - children who intern1arried ,vith the \Vhites and Godfray~. Th·! first ,vas·a -son l\fatson. who hecan1e an en1ineµt n1in­ [ster: the second, a daughter._ Eliza Catharine. ,vho n1ar­ ried Hohert Jaffray. and their ~on. l~ohert inarried a ~li!-is· Griffin. l\latson·s daughter. -En1ily Stuart. n1arried ·Re\·. l·Ier.ry ()gden l)uhois. 4. John Frederick (1\leier) (1807-1834). 5. I.~lizaheth Lucy C~Jeier) (1809-1810). 6. Charles Henry ( i\Ieier) 1811-1813). 7. Eliza Catharine ( ?\feier) ( 1814-1831 )·. 8. l\lary I,unigu11di (1\feier) ( 1816- ). l\fary ·K. ~Ieic·r .111arried Jan1es Punnett. of Balti- 11ore, ~ld., and had a 1arg-e fatnily an

REV. HENRY ERNEST MUHLENBERG, D. D. c~tv at the captu~c oi it by the British in the R.evolu..: tion, he assisted other pastors in rural charges and pur­ sued scientific studies till in 1780: when he ,vas called to the pern1anent pastorate of Trinity Church, Lancaster~ which he se~ved ·faithfully and successfully until his death in 1815, a period· of 37 years. During his pastorate the fi_ne edifice still standing as one of the finest Colonial specimens of the earlier churches of Pennsyh·ania extant, \\'as erected in the shadow of which he lies buried. He was the successor of the ahle l)r. Helmuth. He ranked high as a scientist, especially in botany. in ,vhich he ,vrote and ptib- lished two .learned works. Dr. Bakhvin called hin1 '"the ·.. A.n1erican Linnaeus." l)r. Porter said: ""fhe name of 1\1 uhlenherg, the botanist, can never perish." His name is perpetually attached t(J certain new botanical specin1ens. As an educator he was closely allied with the ·or-· ganization of the University of Pennsylvania in 1779. He was a n1ember of the Board of Trustees of Dickinson College at Carlisle, f ron1· its f oundat1on in 1783 to his death in 1815. He ,vas the first president al~o of ~◄"'rank­ lin C.ollegt (nan1ed for llenjan1in Franklin) at Lancaster, Pa., established first largely as :an instituti<:>n for. the ~pedal benefit of the Gern1ans of the State, afterwards Franklin and l\1arshall Col1ege. \Vit~ a ·co-author, he published an English-Gern1an Lexicon an~ gramn1ar, is­ suej in 1812. .\\Tith Gen J-(osciusko, · \ Villian1 Herschel, Jari·1es ?i.fadison and 1"'hon1as Paine he ,v.as elect~cl in 1785 .a 1nen1her of the 1\n1erican Philosophica_] Society and 17~8 in that of the "Natur-forschende Freunde" of Berlin, and in -1~!02, of the Philosophical Phy:.;ical Society of G~ttin­ gen, as well as in . other learned societies of Gern1any, S,veden and elsewhere. · In 1ii4 he was 1narried to 'l\Iary Catharine Hall, of Philadelphia. .'T'his union ,va~ 1,lessec.l with eight chil­ dren, ,vhich aclc~ed ne\v glory and reno,vn to the 11a1ne of :\ I uhlt-nbt'rg-and of \ \'("1:-;t:r. the fi r~t .-\1neric.."an ance~tnr. They an.· a~ follows: ·First, ll.far_,, Catharine Ji 11ltlc11b~.. ,.!I ( 1776-184,~) who n1arried John !\Iusser, a11d iron1 the111 sprung a long line of nqble descendants by the nan1e~ of I\Tusser. :\Ic­ Lenegan, Yorke and l-Ioff111an: Their- fourth daughter. Caroline .:-\111elia .l\lusser, a hvin, n1arried John Philip }-1 iester. of the Berks f a111ily. son of \Villia111 a11cl grandson of l)aniel Hiester, ,vhi1~ her twin sister, Salina ~Iatilda lfusser, n1arried George Bo,v1nan \.\Tithers. another ,vell-kno\vn na111e: · Second. Susanna _Elizabeth :\Juhlenherg, (17_79- 1838) 111arriecl Peter Schn1iclt, which union brought other f an1i_ly nan1es into the gene~ogiqtl line. · Third of R.ev. Henry Ernest l\I uhlenherg's fa111ilv ,vas Rev. l)r. 11enry .Augustus Philip l\l uhlenherg. { 1782- ICO 1844) a very prominent character in his day. He was born -in Lancaster, Pa., s~udied theology with his uncle, .Dr. l(nnze, and in 1802 took charge of Trinity Lutheran Church of Reading.· Thus father and son were sin1ul­ taneously pastors of the strong n1other congregations, by same nan1e of Trinity. of the two Lutheran centers ·of Lancaster a.nd Reading respectively. He served this flock with. great fidelity and ability until 1827 ,· ,,,.hen, on account of in1paired health, he \Vas obliged to give up the . ministry. He later got into politics, was elected to Con­ gress and served for nine years with marked distinction

in that bodv.J In 1835 he ran for Govern·or. of Pa. hut was unsuccessful. Pres. VanBuren offered hin1 a seat in ·his cabinet as Secretary of the Navy, also the mission to Rus­ sia, both of which he declined, hut accepted the ambas­ sadorship to Austria in 1838. ·In l\-1arch, 1844. he ,vas again nominated for Gov. of Pennsylvania, but l?is sudden death prevented his election which would very likely have follo,ved. He· n1arriecl first l\-fary Elizabeth Hiester, and sec­ ond her sister, Rebecca 1-I ie~ter, hot h daughters of Go,·­ crnor Joseph .l·J iester. .l·l is only daughter, ·with his first \Vife, l\Iary l~lizab~th 1-liester l\fuhlenherg (1806-1838) ,vas married to Eh~gott. J. _Deininger of Reading,_ ,vhose only -child died ,vhen two years old. · His second ,vife ( 1781-18-ll) hore hirn six chilclren. as f ollo,vs: ( 1 )". I~mn1a Elizabeth. died single. ·(2). lfiester l-lenrt ( 1812-1886), 1narrie

.l\:f.A.RY CA1'I-LARINE l\IUl-ILENBEl{(; · 6. Sixth· child of tlzc patriarch 11[ ultlenbcr!J ( 1755- 1812) became the first ,vife-of Francis Swain, who ,vas prominent in the !{evolution for furnishing clothing for 104 troops of Pennsylvania and as Brigadier General of State 1V1ilitia· afterwards. · He '\\"as sheriff · of 1\lontgon1ery Countv, 1784-86; in 1800-1809· he was Clerk of Courts and Prothonotary ; first J:>resident of l\lontgon1ery County bank. I-f e died in 1820 and is bu tied in the church yard of Tdnity Lutheran Church of I{~acling, itumediately under the rear _entrance to its Chapel. l\1rs. Swain di_ed at Nor­ risto\\'11 and is buried near her sainted fat her and patriotic brother, General Peter l\[uhlenherg. at 1"'rappe, Pa. 1"'heir four children died young and all. unn1ar:ried. The next three children ( 7th, 8th and 9th) of the patri.arch Henry 1\-1 elchior and Anna l\J aria \Veiser l\fuh­ lenberg, 'named respecth"ely John Enoch Samuel, John Charles and Catharine Salon1e, died in infancv. . ~ . . . . 10. The tenth and last child of theirs ,vas another daughter, l\la_ria Salon1e (1766~1827) destined to hecon1e the mother of another line of noble, illustri~us progeny of professors, preachers and patriots. In !\lay. 1782, before quite sixteen years of age, she 1nartied 1\-f atthia_s Richards, (his second w·ife), who served as a private in Col. l)aniil lTdree's 2d Hata11il)tl and partidpatecl in .the battles of

Brand\'\\·ine. and Gennanto,,·n. }\ f ter,vards. liYecl near Boyertown, just. over the Iirie of .l\l<:>ntgomery County. where he f arn1ed .-\nc..li.1ra Garber, uf · l\·Iontg-on1l~ry County. 'f'hcy had a f atnily of iour children, as f o1lo,vs : 1. J-\delaide Susannah Richards ( 183(>- ) ,vho 111ar­ ried Jacques Von

3 he was a captai1:i in 42d Regin1cnt P. V. ~L T'hey h,~d se\'en childr~n of ,vhon1 one, John \V~llian1 l{ichards :\l"cKnight was assistant scc- 107 retary l\1't. Penn Stove \Vorks and 2d Lieutenant Co. A 4th Reg. N. G. P .. 3. l\·Iatthias I-Ienry ]~ichards ( 1841-1892), a gradu­ ate of Gettysburg College, with first honors in class of 1860; also of the Gettysburg .'Theological Semina.ry in 1864. \Vhile · tutor and a student in Gettysburg ('ame Lee's invasion ( 1863) when· he enlisted. in Co. 1\ _26th En1ergency Regin1ent, Pa. Vol. and participated in the Get­ tysburg campaign and battle. In 1868 was elected professor of English and Latin in l\f uhlenherg College. In 1874 he_ accepted a call to the I .. utheran Church of Indianapolis. Ind., and remained till 1877, returned to his former posi­ tion at !\1uhlenherg College, Allentown, always supplying neighboring c~urcl1es with preaching on Sundays. I le. was a strong factor in the building up o.f .l\1 uhlenherg College, a most capable J;:nglish professor. I-le ,vas a voh1n1inous writer for and editor of c\1urch periodicals. I-l~s .11/ma Jt/ater conferred on him the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity. He n1arriecl in 1866 _Sarah l\L .l\J cClean of Gettysburg, daughter of Congressn1an l\'Ioses l\1cClean. Th~ir six l~hildrcn include Re\". John \V·. R i(:hards, no,v pastor in Philaddphia, an ahlc n1inister and a noted ,vriter and author; l\l.ary 1\1cConaughy Richards, \vho n1arried J)avid R.. Stockton, a doctor, son of Rev. Dr. . \V. R.. Stockton. Episcopal rector; l{osa l\'luhlenherg R.ichards, who becan1e the ,vife of Re\'. Freel. E. Cooper_. a son of R.ev. Dr. C. J. Cooper. 4. 1-f enry l\.I ekhior l\·l uhlcnherg Richards, a gradu­ ate of Reading l1igh School. J·Ie enlisted as private ( drun1111er boy) in 1863 in Co. A En1erg. Reg. Pa. Vol. and served, like -his hrother, in. the Gett)':-ihurg Can1paign and battle, ,vhere he r>er f orn,ed son1e heroic deeds. In 1864 re-e,ilisted as pri \'ate ii, Co. .A. 195 l{egt. Penna. Vols. and served under (;en.- Sheridan. In July 1865 he entered U .. S. Naval Acaclen1y at 1\nnapolis, l\-f d., gradu­ ating with class oi 1869, ranking first in his class. l!e 108 was on a number -of extensive cruises on different U. S. war ships. In 18?1, he ,vas on Flag Ship Franklin, at- . tached to the· European squadron, and actively engaged in connection ,vith the Franco-Gern1an \Var, the Carlist Instirrection, the Com1nunistic

Last Living Great-Great-Grandson of Conrad Weiser

0 Jn Dec. 1871 h_c 111arriccl I.~lla VanI .. cer.· a dau:,,,·hter of Branson \'an Leer. J Iis whole naral career hrought hin, intt, do~e touch with the leacling acln1irals of the U. S. and lecl hin1 to th~ ports around the glohe in \J\•hich car:eer his record is very crcdital>lt· indeecl. l Ie took an active part in quelling the lal,ur riots in 1~77. In 1X9.3 he ~er\'c

\ 109 has been in the en1ploy, for years,_ of the American Iron· and Steel Corporation as General Auditor and a member of its Board of Directors, residing .in Reading and I~b- · anon. Ile was treasurer of the city of Lebanon in later years and still actively engaged in historical research work in Yarious societies. He has always been closely and actively engaged in the Lutheran Church, both in 1"'rinity Church, Reading, and... . in St. James, Lebanon, Pa . Their children are n1aking good records. 1"he oldest, Henry Branson, as a Lutheran minister, the second, Charles l\-1atthias, as a practicing physician, located in Reading for a tin1e. Their t,vo daughters likewise follow the .I{ichar

n1orial Park Association. and the rest sold to . the Farr Nursery Con1pany. Frederick \Veiser had a large f an1ily" ot ,~bon1 and their offspring have descended quite a large nun1ber of noted actors, "·hich :we could na1ne and .t'xpatiate u1>on · had \\·e the sp:ll"'e h) go into d~tail in c... ac..·h instance.. 1:3ut ,v~ can only go into the ha rest .n1ention ·of these n1ore conspicuous deeds, 'Yhile tracing do,vn the lines of descent . i11 each child's instance, to the present generation, for the_ benefit of any now living who n1ight wish to trace their line of descent from Conrad \Veiser. T'he first one was John Conrad \i\'eiser. (1753-1820) born at \Von1elsdorf; baptized at Christ Tulpehocken Lutheran Church; sponsors, Peter \Veiser and Conr~d \,Veiser's wif~ .. I-fe _married Elizabeth I~lingtr. There was a John Conrad \Veiser who fought in the Revolution­ ary \Var, hut it was very likely Philip'~ son by the san,e name. This John Conrad had the· follo\ving c_hildren: 1. Frederick \,Veiscr. 2. Catharine \Veiser. 111 3. Hannah Vv eiser, n1. John Fisher. 4. Eva \Veiser. 5. Jacob \Veiser, m. Elizabeth .. 6. John Pµilip \Veis~r, 1n. Elizabeth Cath. :\-Ielich, whose daughter, Catharine, n1arried }Ienry Fasold, and their daughter, Catharine Lotiise. 1narried July 11, 1872",

Rev. Prof.. E. F. Bartholon1e,v. Ph. D., D.. D., L. ·H. D., vice-president of .A.ugustana College,. Rock Island,. Il­ linois, \\"here he has given Yery "long and distinguished service as· a teacher. J-Iis daughter," Nettie Cordeija, ·1nar­ ried June .·16, 1897, 1Jr. }~. T' . .-\nderson of R.ock Island, Illinois. 7. Salo1ne \Yeiser. 8. Elizabeth· \Veiser. 9. ·Sarah \Veiser. The second child of Frederick \Veiser, a·.daughter, Eve, hy n,in1e, n1ar:ried 1774, Daniel \V01nelsclorf . • Th~ third child, John \Veiser, married Popelina

:\Jichal. ; l'he fourth, Peter ( 1760-1829) married ~lizaheth --. Is huried at Fi~her·s Ferry. Snyder .County. 1'hcy had eight <.·hildn."n. 11an1c.•d Catharint\ Sa1nuel, George, :\fargar.et, Jacoh~ Peter. John, Sarah. Of these, we know Catharii:ie married a :\fr. 1-Iart, and Col. George, of the an11y of 1812. a 1\fiss Barbara Os,vald, "'ho re­ n1en1hered as a child the attack on F<>rt :\Icl!enrv. at · Balti_n1ore and oft spoke of her hearing the roar of ca~1- non and after the battle ,vas taken to the scene anc\ saw _dead· British s61cliers and sailors lying in the riYer. One of her eleven children, ·Catharine. is kno,vn to haYe 111a.r­ ried a \ \' illian1 . l-l en ry l\ I ttsseln1an. 'I'h~ ho111e of Col. George \Veiser ,vas Sunbury. Pa. 1-lis old Bihle contained a full familv.· record. · The fiftlz child o( Frederick \Veiser, was Catharin_e., ,vho n1arricd John Jacob I,eh]. son of l\:fi<."hael 1,ehl, ,vhose nnn1erous descent is ,vell scattered OYer the coun- 112 try. Their third child, Salo111e I~ehl. 1narried John George Brungart, whose children may be found in York, Center and other counties of Pennsyh·ania and· in other states. l\lr. Brungart becan1e son1e,vhat fan1ous for an improved plow he 1nade _in• Center County. In Brush Valley a· say­ ing was cufrent that ··no n1an ,vas n1uch unless he owned . ·a long_-barrelled shot-g~1n. a red \Van1n1us and a Brungart plow." Their descendants n~1n1her an1ong dthers, preach­ ers, doctors, teachers. dentist~. offil~e holders, n1erchants, bankers, etc., by· the naine of Ehrhard, Gutelius, l-Iaines, Frank, Bierly, Coldren, Zettle, l)rake, i\-Icl(ibben, I-lack­ enan, \Vyni1,. l\1iller, Loudenslager,. J{neiple, Gran1ley, vVinkleblech, Loder, Sholl, \ Vood, Bohn, \Vert, Emerick, \Vitn1er, Waite, Yoder. Royer, Zellers, Laubach, Ci-uise­ wite, vVolfe, vValke.y, 'Yearick, R.eish, ·Frazier, Bridgent, Confer, .Aun1an, ai1d of course, Brungart. Frederick \:Veiser's si.~th child w·as Hai_1nah, who married George l~ehl. · The seventh child ,vas ::\Iaria \Veis~r ,vho died young.· The eighth ,vas Salo111e,· \Vho n1arried John·I(ehl. i\11 . had f an1ilies.

(I.)). PE'TER. \YEISER.

\Ve come 110,v to Conrad \Veiser's _fifth child, the first one born on the Tulpehocken ( or in J-Iei

(E).~ i\f.ARGARET \VEISER The next in order of their children, the se.venth in line of birth, was Margaret. horn January_ 28, 1734, and is given as having died in 1838. \\~hich ,\·ould have. made· her 104 year~ old, ,vhen she died. She \\"as hvice· mar­ ried: First to. R.ev. J. D. :\J. Heintzel111an, ·,vith v."hom she had one son, Israel Heintzeh11an. · Her second mar­ riage, after Rev. I-IeintzeJ111an's early death, was to a J\i!r. Fricker -( sometinies ,vritten Finker) vrho w·as 1nost prob­ ~bly Mr. Anthony Fricker the ·innkeeper of Reading. If this is correct, then s0111e o~ their descendants ·are living in Reading today. They have filled high. ~nd ·honorable places; ai1d have brought such nan1es as Frantz, Phillippi, Gray and !\1-urdock into the fa111ily of \Yeiser descendants.

(F.) . SJ;-\~1:UEL \\TEISER The 11i11tl, of Conrad \ Veiser':-, children was Sa-muei, of ten 111entioned by his f ather·s correspondence~ as "Sam­ n1y." I le was born .April 23. 1735. f Iis ·will ,vas pro­ bated July 8, 1794_-; so he 111ust ha,·e died shortly before. In it he bequeaths land to his sons ..Benjan1in and Daniel, and his daughter, h-laria :\'fargaret;

S.'-\1-I. \VEISER.". . A· later account shows the trip was 1nade and cost the Governn1ent £6 18s, 3d. Upon the father's death Sanu1el \Vei~·er succeeded him as Gov:ernn1e11t interpreter, though the need of such office was not as great as before, nor was· his' kno·wleclge of the Indian language antl the Indian characteristics as extensive as his.father's. Jn prooi. of this 111ay be fo~nd speeches n1ade both by ln

·(G). ·BE.NJ ..-\~IIN \VEISER- '"fhis thirteenth and last child of Conrad \Veiser was bor.n Aug. 12, 1744. He ,vas Captain in the ,Revolu­ tionary \Var of a Con1pany ·of Gern1an Continental R.egi­ ment which is kno,vn to have fought_ in the battles of Trenton a~d Princeton, N ._ J. In 1771 we find him a_ Captain of Northumberland County l\Iilitia and stationed at Philadelphia (Jan. 30, 17i7). In 17i2 he is a Justice of the Peace in Northun1b~rlancl County and. in 1778, holds the same office in Snvder Countv - taken from • J ~ N orthumherland. Benjamin_ scen~s to haYe inherited in the greatest measure the father's roving prope~1sity. ~\ phantom of gaining again possessillll· ui hi~ iather's possessions. in Schoharie, N. Y ., and other places see111s ·to have driven and pursued hi111. So he ,vas quite a ro,·e~. On April 2, 1788, h~ was at· Pro,·idence, R. I.. ,vhither the grand­ father, according to :\luhlenberg. had gone before his last visit -to Pennsyl\'ania, and f ron1 this Ne,v Englan

119 rv 0

MR. ANO. MRS. L. ROY VALENTINE Part III

THE CONRAD WEISER ].\,fElVIORIAL PARK. HO\V IT CA1\1E TO BE!

In all the generations, since the death of Conrad Weiser, did his descendants, nun1erous d\\'ellers, of Berks County, and well-inforn1ed students of hi~tory all over our land realize the greatness of this Co~onial leader. His name was oft repeated in veneration. I-Iis ho1nestead and grave were visited by the. curious and re,·erent. On Nov. 14_, 1793, while President George_ \Vashington and a company of his personal frie1Jds were~ making a tour on horseback. of the counties of- Chester, Lancast_er, the present Lebanon, Berks and l\iontgon1ery, havi:ng spent the previous night in \Vomelsdorf, this distingui_shed com­ pany, consisting of Rol1ert l\[orris. DaYid Rittenhouse, Dr. \Villia1~ Sniith, 'fench Francis, Gen. Joseph 1-liester and the President ,vith his valet, turned aside the n1ain travelled highway to pay due respect to the n1emory of this illustrious public servant and nation-builder. '"fhey visited his private burial -plot in a body, led by. that em­ ·inent Berks Countian-General, af ter\\rards Governor Joseph lliester-an~ there, with bared heads ~nd reverent attitude, did \Vashington give utterance to these words : "Poster_ity cannot forget his services!" . . \Vhile this feeling of regard ,vas kept up by n1e1n­ bers of the \Veiser and 1\1uhlenberg fan1ilies, and certain historians of the 19th century, it wa~ not until the- 20th century that the spirit of showing due honor to the n1em­ ory of this distinguished Colonial nation-builder and con1- munity-lea

The Weiser Building, where he often met the Indians in Conference, was erected by him on this site in 1-751.

Born in Germany in 1696, arrived in_ Berks in 1729, Died in 1760, near \Vomelsdorf, where ·· his' remains are buried. · ·

His unswerving honesty set a shining example to future generations.-Under the auspices of the Historical Society of Berks County this Tablet was erected· in 1907 ·by the- school,. chil~ren of the ·county. ·

0

But this a,vakening, still largely guided by Prof. Zechman and the I-fistorical Society of Berks County, led_ the Can1ps of the Patriotic ·order of the Sons of 1\1nerica in Berks County to have carved and erected a beautiful Barre granite 111onument to \.Veiser's memory. It ,vas the purpose of this Order to place the monun1ent at _the \Veiser grave, but in this they (ailed, because the 0\vner of the \Veiser farm at the tinie did not fancy having the . privacy of his fa111ily Ii£ e. invaded by .a stre·am of ,·isitors ,vhich the plac~ng here of the 1nonun1ent would have in­ volved. Hence it ,vas not allcnved. In ·consequence of this the 'fov."n Council and the School .Board of the bor­ ough of \Vomelsdorf ,vere besought for the privilege of erecting ~an1e, at least ·ten1pnrarily, upon the public school 123 ,

.• ., ,...... 1'

.STREET SCENES AT :THE UNVEILING OF THE WEISER MONUMENT Womelsdorf, Pa., Se_pte.mber 25, 1909 }24 · grounds of the ·town, which was granted. I-Ience there · was erected and 1:111 veiled, ainid elaborate cle_dicatory exer­ cises at ,iVon1elsdorf on Saturday, Sept. 25, 1909, this beautiful stone tribute to the honor of Conrad \Veiser. It was estin1ated ~hat 8,000 spectators ,vere ·present at. the unveiling exer~ises. Suitable ad

C. R. Scholl, and. its then Secretary, l\·1r. Cyrus T. .Fox, and this me111orial seed-thought soon began to grow and de- velop. Accordingly the way tOW¥,rds the purchase of the \Yeiser farm was felt to be feasible, and on Septen1her 8, 1922, on the 18th Pilgrin1age of the Histori~al So­ ciety at the Tulpehocken Christ Lutheran Church, near Stouchshurg, _Pa .. a 1110\·en1ent ,vas n1ade -to forn1 an_ association for the purchase of the \Veiser fann and hon1estead. r\ con1111ittee ,vas appointed to carry out the ,vork consisting of _R.e,·. P. C. Croll. Edward R. A.rn­ mon, l\files B. Dechant. E. R. · I(en1n1erer, Jonathan J\;Iould, Cyrus T'. Fox and Geo. l\:I. Jones. R.ich111ond L. Jones, Esq .. was appointed solicitor. l)r. C. R. Scholl, President of Society, ,vas requested to act as Chairn1an. On June 4, 1923 a charter ,vas gra·nted the .As­ sociation ,vith the f ollo\\·ing persons to· serve as directors for-one year: Dr. C. R. Scholl, President; Cirtts 1''. Fox, Lee S. Clyn1er, Col. I-Ienry \V. Shoen1aker, Jacob II. Mavs, Chas. T. Davis, and l)r. · 1-l. F. Rentschler.. ...\. seal was adopted ·containing the date of incorporation and the signature of Conrad \Veiser. Follo,ving is a copy of the Charter : 126 IN THE 1\-IA,TTER OF THE IN·COR.PORATION OF 'fHE CONRAD vVEISER l\!El\10RI."-L - PAI{J( .1\SSOCL'\TION'.

In the Court of Comn1on Pl~a~ of Berks County. No. 24 June Term 1923. . , To the Honorable the Judge:; of the Court of Cotnn1on Pleas of Berks County, P\!nnsyh·ania. The ·subscribers,- citizens of the .Co1n1J101~,vealth of Penn­ sylvania, hav_e agreed to associate -then1sel\"es for the pur­ poses set forth in the following Articles under the nan~e. style and title of "THE CONRA.D \VEISER 11£!\.fORIAL PARK ASSOCIATION," and, being d~sirous. of becorning incorporated, agreeably to the provisions of the Act of As­ sembly, entitled "An Act to prodde for the incorporation and regulation of certain corpor~tions.'' ap1>roved April 29, 1874, and the supplements thereto, do hereby certify:

ARTICLE I. The name of the proposed corporation is ''THE COX­ RAD \.YEISER 1fE~IORIAL PARK .ASSOCIATION."

ARTICLE II. The said corporation is fonned for the purpos_e of _pur­ chasing, improving and preser,·ing lands• forn1erly occ1.1pied by Conrad \Veiser in the Township of Heidelberg, ·county of Berks and State of Pennsyl\'·ania, adjoining the Borough of \V 01nelsdorf, Penna., fron1 1730 to lioO. the :rear oi his death, and for the purpose of niaintaining them as a public men1orial park· for all ti1ne to conll'.. ·

ARTICLE III. The business of said corporation shall he transacted 111 the County of Berks and State of Pennsylvania.

ARTICLE IV. The corporation shall exist pt•rpetually.

ARTICLE V. The husine:;s of said corporation shall be managed by a Board of Trustees, said Trt1stees to b~ elected annuallv.

ART I CLE VI. The number of Trustees of said Corporation is fixed at seven, and the na1nes an

Acknowledged, sworn and -sub- . scriht.•

· The solicitation of funds now began. ·A few of the first larger gifts ,vere volunteer~d. 1\1r. Lee S. Clymer, Mrs. Isaac I-Hester and the In1proved Order of Red l\Ien were the first to encourage it \\rith handsome ·cash dona­ tions. Mr. Ralph '"f. Schoener ,vas secured as solicitor, and in the course of about a -year .and a half had swelled the first voluntary two thousand dollars to $6,131.58, ,vhen other- pressing duties con1pelleciation to take. up the ,vork la~d do,vn by 1·Ir. Schoener and \\~as appointed ufiici,tl Solicitor of Funds. ~lea1nvhile, 1\-Ir. Valentine n1acle the follo,ving legal agree111ent with the Association giving the Association un- til April 1, 1926,· to raise a conditional' $30,000. It reads thus: ARTICL:E:S oF i\GREEMENT n1ade and concluded this ~0th

the. Association that they, the parties of the first. part, .shall and wHI by a good and complete ~itle, grant, convey ·130 and ass:ure unto the .A.ssoci~tion in fee simple, clear -of all incun1brance except the reservations and restrictions· here­ inafter set forth,-:- Ar..L TH AT. CERTAIN messuage, t~nement and ti:act of land, a portion of the Conrad ,v eiser Farm, situate· in I-Ieidelberg .Tovvnship, Berks County aforesaid, bounded on the North by land of Flickinger ·and the WiHiain Penn Highway, on the East by land of Flickinger and other pro­ perty of the first parties, separated _there£ rom by a private · road, on_ the South by other property of th~ first parties· s~parated therefron1 hy a lane, and on the ,illest hy other property of the first parties; extending in.front, along said Highway, from said Flickinger property westward to the eastern boundary of a ditch no\v opening upon the said Highway, thence at right angles to said IIiglnvay,. in a southerlv., direction to the aforesaid lane, a distance of 67 perches n1ore or less, thence nortbeasterly along said lane to its intersection \Vith :-,aid private road, thence _north­ wardly along the san1e 35.95 perches n1ore or less to corner of. Flickinger pn,pe.rty. thence \\'Csterly by the sa1ne 16.2 perd1e:,; n1orc ur le!--_S to a l"orner, thent·c north­ erly by the :,;;:unc. -L 15 p~rche:-; 1nort1 or less to the place of beginning on :-;ai

SuuJ1~cT, 1-Iowi-:YER, To THE FoLLOWING Rt.:sERVA­ TIONS AND RI~STRICTJON S- ~;irst. 'fha.t the .Association shall be without mortgage or other indebtedness on and after .l\pril 1st, 1926. Second. 1""hat the i\ssociation shall have i"n its treas-· ury, or safely invested, the sun1 of $30,000 on April 1st, 1926. . Third. '].'hat on or before January.1st, 1926 the As­ sociation shall notify in writi-ng the first parties of their intention to avail the1nselves of this Agreement and ta~e 1:n \ possession of the property and• comply with the· terms· hereof . . Fourth. That as soon as reasonahly n1ay be, the As­ sociation shall, after :\pril 1st .. 1926; expend the sum of $10,000 in in1proving the said property ,vith, driveVfays, shruhhery and sin1ilar i111prove111ents~ designed to beautify and preserve the same as a 11EMOIUAL PARK. Fifth. That the property shall 11e,·er be leased nor · sold, nor shall arty part thereof he leased or sold, but tJie same shall be and ren1ain f oreyer · a public men1orial park as a pern1anen~ memorial to Con r_ad \V eiser. ( ''f his i,tem · was later w~ived by l\fr. Valentine to per111it the County Con1missioners to restore \ r eiser l-Inn1estead into a lVIu­ seum and 11en1orial.) Sixth. That of the abo,·e n1entioned $30,000 the sum of $20,000 shall be inYestc

Signed, sealed and. deliv­ L. R. VA LENTINE; (Seal) ered in the presence of us: K.-\TIIRYN VALENTINE (Seal) E. CARROLL SCHAEFFER, c·onrad lVeiser 1'1 e·inorial · JOHN D. 1\1:oHN. Par/~ .Associat·ion Corpoq1te Seal.

C. R. SCHOLL, President. . \tte:;t: CY.Res· T. Fox. Secrcfar·\' . .· - No1tv the collection c,f the· needed funds· ,vas begun in· earnest by the new. solicitor, but he being largely single­ handed in the task, it lasted, \\~ith other duties engaging part of his time, until the iall n1onths of this year ( 1925) to reach the goal. 'fhe H.eadii1g Eagle opened its colun1ns to the publishing oi articles by. the solicitor to· aid in its publicity and to announc~ t() the public the g~owth of the contributions f ron1 \\1 eek to ,veek. vVhilst a considtrable interest ,vas 111anifestcd in the cause, con1parath·ely ie,,· contributions \\"ere made with­ out the personal call of the solicitor and so the writer had a busy s1u11111er oi it. I-fis feelings rose ancl ebbed as his appeals n1et ,vith. success ,-..r failure; but the a1nou11ts re­ ported ,,·ere cun.stant]y on a ri~ing scale. l 1"e,v trips fur 133 funds were_ made out of the county, though quite a num­ ber of handsome contributions .can1e from without its bounds in answer to appeals by correspondence. It .is propos~c!. to transcribe a complete list of contributors, as these were first published in the. cohunns of the Eagle, into a bound Register, w·hich is to be placed among the relics of the -forthcon1i.ng ,veiser l\,Iuseum for all future reference by any one concerned.· · A very interesting story could be \Vritten of the var­ ied experiences of the solicitor in his ·canvass for funds.

Having lived.. for forty years. ot1tside the liinits of the county, he was naturally a co"111parath·e stranger in his native Berks. He practiCc:'llly ,vas a. total stranger to the citizenship and busines~ leac.Iers ·of Reading and rural Berks. 1"'h_is was a ~andicap he felt cons~antly an~ made him hesitate long and seriously to assume the task.· .Nev­ ertheless he was willing to n1ake a fair trial and so protn- . ' · ised the Board ·of Directors, and clinched this · promise by turning aroµnd and pressed the obligation of. $1,000 . . upon each member of the directorate, the same to be collected by each from personal iriencls Qr· ass<.?ciates in, bttsincss and . f ratern:tl .affiliation~. or else to par it out of pocket. The next step was to group certa.in classes and fan1- ilies of the county and induce then1 to raise the sum of ·one thousand dollars ($1,000) each for the privilege of having· a named patp, _or other object, as pavilion, foot­ bridge, fountain, pool or gateway suitably marked and in­ scribed by them as the contributors. In this effort . he succeeded in interesting the :\luhlenl.,erg family of ·Read­ ing; the Bartholomew brothers- of \Vest· Palm Beach, Florida·; the Berks County 1Iedical Society ; the Teach-: ers of the City and County; the individual members of the Berks Chapter of the D. :\. R. Society ; t4e clergy and laity of beth the Lutheran and Reformed Churches of Pennsylvania; with the aid of :\1 r. Chas. 'f. Davis, also 1J4 the Indepen.dent Order of Red Men of _the county and state; an_d with the aid of Mr. Jacob H. :l\1ays, the Read­ ing Automobile. Club, the Colonial Trust Company of R~adi~g and the Womelsdorf Union Bank, to accept of · these offers9 Their markers will be found in the Park. Besides these contributions, the_ Bi-Centennial Com­ mittee of the \Von1elsdorf-Tulpeho~ken c·elebration of_ 1923, was induced to donate ·its balance of over one tho:usand dollars of cash, plus its assets of souvenirs amounting to nearly that sum., ·to this same cause. ·other larger gifts were from the leading business and profe~­ sional men and women of the city and county. But· the task of -securing the funds was no sinecure, . though the solicitor tried to make it a sort of protracte!d · holiday recreation. He might have some very happy· and some· very an1using tales to relate conc~rning hi·s ever­ altered kaleidoscopic approaches 1nade and the varied re­ ceptions given him in his appeals to the generosity, -the patriotism and the public spirit of those approached, or his attack upon the tightened purse-strings of others, were he n1ind_ed to tell tales. out of school;_ but he· feels that this· ·,vould be out of. place; and since, taken all-in-all, he \\'as ~ccorded quite a cordial reception, he is disposed to_ think of. the wh9l_e experience as a rich ·enjoyment of closer intercourse with the varied sections of the county and ,vith the· v~ried adn1ixture of generosity and selfishn~_ss . in its citiz~nsh1p. On. the whole the money that goes into this Memorial is expressive of a tJoble principle of rev­ erent gratitude to our forebears ,vith vVeiser as a leader­ men ·who have n1ade Berks C ount_y's prosperity of our day possible, and of an incentiYe to have oitr county take its proper place in 111arked beauty and historic 1nen1orials.

THE LAYOUT OF THE PARK Soon as the 111oney was in hand the _n1atter of laying out the Park becan1e a n1atter of first consideration. 135 .:' .

. . ..-~ ~ '· ·. \ · ~- ... :- ., .. ~ ...... : ,i i. .. :

OLD ZION'S UNION CHURCH OF WOMELSDORF. PA. An Attractive Western View from the Park

13fi Through the efforts of the · Board ~£ Directors and the solicitor, the Board of County Cominissioners was pre­ vailed upon to undertake the expense. of restoring the Weiser Ifome into its original state and equip and furnish same as a ,v eiser Museum and a Rest Rootn for visitors­ the latter to be furnished ,vith Ii ving room f11rnit1,1re of the Colonial period, and to. lay out ~he ground in11n~diately surrounding it, into becon1i11g· order,. with a flag _pole setting, possibly a· fountai;1. and proper approaclies in . walks and . suitable plantings. .:\lthoug-h the step was cautiously taken, the resolution· finally passed the Boa.rd of County Coinmissioners that they "·ould accept this of:­ £er of the ·clirec~ors with an expenditure not exceeding ten thousand dollars. The propriety of this has been cordially approved 1.,y the outspoken senti1nent in its favor all over the county and in various circles of n1en. flow· this trust has been carried out will appear tp visitors of .the homestead when the work shall J1ave been con1pleted. Next to the restoration· and use of the hon1estear in his day and an inscription placed on a fitting marker to indicate the chosen nan1e and that of ··the con­ tributors of the sutn of $1~000, by the. individuals, fa111- ilies, fraternal, social, educational, professional or finan­ cial groups. In this ,vay it is belieYetl. the historical char­ acter· of the Park may hest recall to the visitor the in1- portance of the life and activities of !\Ir. \Veiser in his day; for this I-Ieidelberg ho111estead \\·as literally '"on the map" of Penn's C9lony long years before the first stone of the first foundation for the first house either ii1 l~ead­ ing, Lebanqn or I-Iarri.sburg "·as laid. The noted oc­ cupant of this humble pioneer hon1e ,\·as of such in1port­ ance in all the great proble1ns of church and state in his titne that there ,\·as a beaten path to his cloor, trotlden by 137 \ the leading church~en and states111en of his d~y. There has survived a long and eminent list of these. First of all ,vere _the e111ii1ent clergymen, who as God's. sp~cial ~erYants came to n1inister to this Tulpe­ hocken settlernent in spiritual matters. ...All of these, whether they ,vere Lutheran, Reforn1e_d, Baptist; Sab­ batarians or l\foravians, became well and intimately known to vVeiser, since the subject of religion and education ,vas an absorbing one an1ong these early German settlers. Hence we know ·\Veiser associated. f reelv., with all these early pastors and missionaries such as Revs. Van Duehren, Henckel, Fakkner and Stoever, later :\Iuhlenberg, Brunn­ holtz, Handschuh and Schaun1., a111ong . the Li1therans; Ge_orge l\1. \Veiss, Peter Miller ~nd John Philip Boehm, among the Reformed; Conrad Beissel, the head of the Ephrata Se\·enth-Day Sabbatarian!:i and Bishops · Nitch­ man, Spangenberg, Cammerho~ and Zeisberger, as well · as CCJ.unt Zinzendorf _of the J\1ora vians. . .Among· the Indian. Chiefs \11.rith ,vhom \Veiser \\'as most intimately a,ssociated was Shekila1nmy, the head of the Six Nations Federation. I-le ,vas ireqhently a guest at \Veiser's ho1ne. 1,11e first ti1ne that he called on vVeiser in his Heidelberg home was· in 1731, ,vhen on his ,vay to Philadelphia, to confer with the official. Council of the Proprietaries~ He persuaded \Veiser to. accompany him on this trip. It gaye Vv eiser a favorable introduction to the civil author~ties of the Colony as a reliable i"nterpreter of both the language and spir1t of the Red l\,!en, an

THE SHEKILAMMY BOULDER, ERECTED BY I. 0. R. M.

It is ·because of the intin1acy. of this relation. behveen Weiser and Shekila111rny that the In1proved Order of Red Men have, through their representative on the- Board of Directors, J\Ir. Chas. T. Da\'is; placed and inscribed the boulder as a fitting n1arker of the Shekilatnmy Square,

""'!'bis legeuJ h:1s ::;iJIC'e l,een r11·0,·c11 by pnrc·h:1.se papers to ha,·e been legend merely. to commemorate the many services each rendered to the . other, and thus bring in memory and imagination this trusty Indian Chief to V\"alk again the paths of this broth­ er's, Tarachawagon's, that is (\Veiser's) homestead.

THE JOHN B.l\RTR.. Al\I AND l .. E\VIS EV_t\NS P.:\TfIS There n1ay be those who wonder ,vhy pathways should _be laid out, nan1ed anc.l n1arked for John Bartram, the noted botanist of Philadelphia, an

ancient house, erected bv., Bartra111 in l 73-t, · ancl his fine . estate of botanical gardens it~ soutlnvestern Philadelphia.)

with I...e,vis Evans,. and travelled be,·ond., J>erkion1v., Creek . the first day. 1'he ,veather ,vas exceedingly hot. 'fhe 4th \Ve set out before day and stopped at .l\f arcus 1-Iulin's ·by l\f anatony; tl_1en cr:os~ed the Skuylkil, and rode alo11g the 140 west side over rich bott.oms, after ,vhich we ascended the Flying Hill (so called from the great number of wild turkeys that used to fly from thein to the plains), here we had a fine prospect of the Blue Iv!ountains and over the rich vale of Tulpehocken, the descent into ,vhich is steep . and stony. rrhrough this vale \Ve .trav­ elled west, and by the way observed a large spriug l(J f \.·et deep, about 20 yards . wide, which is~ued out of a lin1c­ stone rock, the ground about it pretty level, descending gradually towards the spring \\'hich ran eastward.* .i\t night we lodged at Conrad \Veiser's, who is the general interp.reter, and who went with us; his busine~s V.'as to settle an affair with the Indians at Onondaga...... The· 6th we set forward and ascended the first Blue Ridge. from the top of which we -niade an observatio11, Conrad \Veiser's rlill (viz.: Eagie's. Peak, just south _of the \:Veiser ho1!1e) bearing south 20 degrees east ; the northern to ·two gaps, through which we·were to pass to the North Hill, N. 30 deg. ,vest ·about ten miles distant." Because ·Conrad Vv eiser's 11a1ne, hotne and --hospital­ ity have thus becon1e associated with the g_reat nan1e ai1d gardens of John Bartrmu_. \\'e haYe 1ne1norializecl the sa111e by assigning the path,,,ay of Bartrani's to the doctor~ and ·other professional n1en of the county, and for the· ·same. reason that o"f Le,vis Evans, whose n1aps may have · been occasionally -looked at and studie

'fl-IE REV.. DR .. I-lENI{Y ?vIELCI-lOIR. l\iUHLENBER.G P.:\'fli . Doubtless one of the 1nost illustrious visitors to· the vVeiser hon1e, and, as later events proved, one uf the 111ost intin1ate and frequent ,zisitors ,vas the R.ev. I)r. 1-Ienry

1-11 ; ·' ·•.· ·'

. t' ...... ;, ... I •. , . • ..... ' , ...... -._.:'·'~•-·-~ .\,.. ·,...... , {I ":'" : \ . . . .;, '...... ~ . , ..·•. c-:; ;:\• . i. .. , . . .. ::,._ .. •: I • i .•? . { . ~ ·•· ----~ ...... - .-·.~- ·. . ... : ..· .. . . . \i',• . ·. r· ···.·:· •• I :-;. l.~ -\ -·_·· .l • ~•., •• ..-

EAGLE'S PEAK. OR CONRAD WEISER'S MOUNTAIN 1\/Ielchoir lVIuhlenberg, who came to be known as the "Pa­ triarch of the Lut~1eran Church in ,A.merica.'' Long had the few established Lutheran ~hurches of Pennsylvania, especially those of Philadelphia, the Trappe or New· Provi­ dence and Falckner's Swamp or Nev.· Hanover been in correspondenc·e for a pastor· and leader wi1en the author­ ities of IIalle University responded by sending to them and the scattered Lutherans of the p~ovince, th~ young · Muhlenberg, one of its graduates, as this missionary. He a~rived in Philadelphia in 1742, after a visit to the Saltz­ burger Lutheran Colony of North Carolina. It was not _long after his settlen1ent in Pennsylvaniat ,vhen the dis­ rupted condition of the Tulpehocken Lutheran flock called for· his services. It ,vas at this first Yi sit, in 17 43, that \i\leiser n1et the ·young preacher and organizer .. a11d -entertained hiin at his house and \\·as attracted hv hin1. . . - For the settlement of a congregational confitsio11 of long standing, repeated visits ,vere 1nade later. and by the time the church tr_ouhles '"·ere settled the young preacher had fallen i~ love with \Veiser's eldest daughter ..Anha l\t[arie,

a bloon1ing-young ,,·on1an (lf ci~hteen. had gained both her and the parent's ronse11t to the 111arriage. and ,vas getting ready for the nuptials, celchrat.ed on t\pril 22. 1745. One can in1ag:ine this. preacher's .di~dent approach, with hopes and mi&givings heaving in his b(?SOm, as he dre,v near the homestead-what lover has not, vvith like serious questions framing themselves in his excited 1nind a~cl shaping thems~lves on his then stam1nering tongue?~ as he can1e on the particular visit, when the important. · question of marriage was to be proposed. So we have devoted a pathway from the road to the door,vay, leading over a bridge, which in his case 1night hav~ proven a bridge of sighs, as the Rev. D-r. l\1uhlenberg patlnvay, the money for which has been contributed by the Muhlenberg family of Reading and Philadelphia. There Vlere many visits

14.~ made to thi5 h(Jmestea.<1 in the years follo,ving thefr:/ma~ riage, record of which ,ve find in the ~Iuhlenberg·;ditey-J . •1 an_d most important of which occurred in Mar~h 22, 175t when a conference of Lutheran pastors was summoned hither to pa_ss upon l\1uh1enberg's pastoral call to New York City,* and of course, in 1760, when the sudden death and funeral of Conrad \Veiser took place. . . Their eldest son_. General John Pete·r Gabriel l\-Iuhlen- . berg, the associate and friend of \Vashington during the Revolutionary .\Var! though but a youth of fourteen years at \Veiser's death-·ho,, 1ever as the oldest grandchild of his, doubtless a favorite pet of \Veiser's-is gh·en a place among the· men1orials, because of this distinction and his later e1ninent career, and his pathway is named for com­ memoration by the gifts of men1bers of the Berks Chapter of the_ Daughters of the American }{evolution, many of · whom have ·libera11y contribu~ed towards it. It should make this order forever proud fur having· their name as­ sociated in such a place and with such a p~tri9tic char­ acter· as General lVI uhlenberg.

FOUR GOVERNORS HONORED The park contains _two conspicuous patlnvays that are named for two Governors of the Common,vealth of Penn­ sylvania, one in office during the Colonial period, the other, a native of Berks, a quondan1 resident of \V 01nelsdorf and one of the State's best Governors under her consti­ tuti_onalr6rm. The first was the l:Ionorable Robert Hun­ ter Morris, who ruled the province f ro1n 1754 to and in­ cluding eight n1on_ths · of 1.756, a short term but crowded with stirring events, since his rule covered the hvo stor~­ iest years of the French and Indian \Var. · His office was styled "Lieutenant Gqvernor," as V\~as that of all the

*Tlum.~ is :1 ,·c,:ord of the Entire Party ~;caling Bugle's Peak after the adjouruuwut of this Conforeu(•e. St•c '"Lifo of J\tuhleubcr·g" by He\', Dr. \Vm. J. M:11111. 144 provincial governors \vho ruled Pennsylva_nia during t\le proprietary period of the Penns. "I-Iampered on ·the one hand by_ his instructions from the Proprietaries, pressed on the other by the crying need· of the- country· for funds· for defence, and blocked on both sides by the unyielding detern1ination of the Asse111bly to provide for the expenses· of war only in a 111anner · prohibited by the Penns, his case \Vas hard indeecl." . Into his tenn fell the ill-fated Braddock can1paign and the Indian n1assacres and butcheries pf our county's frontier settlers, together with the repeated and. earnest ·calls for protection by such men as Conrad \\'eiser, Benj:­ amin Spyker and others of . this Tulpehocke·n section. These conditions directed his attention to these parts and brought hin1 in person to this set'tion "of our county and ti., Conrad \J\Teiser's home iri 1756. Shortly after assun1i_ng office. he addressed a con­ ciliatory letter to the Dclcnvare Indians living- in the river valleys of the ()hio and the Susquehanna in whid) · oc­ cur allusions to Conrad \V eiser as f ollo,v!-i: "l n1n1ecliatel\' . . af tt.•r. 111v.,, arri\·al to thi~ ( ;un.~rnn1cnt .of Pcnnsvlvania.. whi_d1 is conunitte<.l to 111y l·are hy your Brcthre,1, the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania. the then Governor, that is; l\lr. 1Jan1ilton, ga,·c n1e · all the papers relating to Indian affairs in . order that I . n1ight deliberate upon the111. I found an1ong the1n a speech you n1ade at 1\uglnvick to Conrad vVeiser, the ProYincial J nterprete_r to the Six United. Nations, at ,vhich I a111 exceedingly ,veil pleased and have laid it hefore the ()lcl and \Vise People of Penn­ s_yl ntnia ntrw 1net in Council...... \ Ve are glp.cl to hear that there· subsists such a good understanding hetw~en you and your Brethren~ the Shawanese, a people that we loYe. Be pleased to gh·e then1 this Belt of \Va111pinn ancl thank thcn1 on our 1ieha1f for the kind speech ( or answer to our f orn1er request) n1acle at ~-\uglnvit-k in your presenc-e 145 to thfs Government and deli ,·ered to Conrad \V·eiser. Here a large Belt of \Van1pun1.-Robert ~- 1\-Iorris." 1'his san1e Governor l\·Iorris ,ve find at .Reading on January 1, 1756, where Conrad \Veiser then resided, in conference with hini a11d in preparation ,vith him, and a large company of n1ilitary_ guarcls. to tra,·el on to ·Harris' Ferry (Harrisburg) ,vhither he had su1n111onecl the var­ ious. Indian tribes of the p1~0,·ince to 111eet hin1 in a Council. lfere \Veiser · inforn1ecl · hint of the treachery· of the Governor's trusted Indians ( the l)elavvares), having. · cast in their ·Jot ,vith the _French. l)uring the greater part of this stormy* week's stay in Reading he ,vas in closest touch with \\.7 eiser ancl \\'hen__ the con1pany n1oved on t9 the· Susquehanna and heyond to Carlisle. \Yeiser ac_com-· panied the Governor and his troops. Passing the door of \Veiser's own l-Ieidel1Jerg ho111estead. then occupied by his son, Philip and family. it is less than reasonable to suppose they did not make at least a brief halt here. A~ all events the_ Go,·crnor ,vas here upon \\"eise.r's grounds, JlO\\" a ·Park and tllost intin1ately associated and engaged in one of the Go,·crnor's n1nst prohle111atic concerns of

his entire reahn of tWl> .,·cars. For this. reason the name of Governor R.obert I lunter ~Iorri~ ·i:-; given to the path- way leading f rpn1 -the northec1:stern gateway into the grounds of the Park, the n1oney haYing been provided by the Colonial T'rust Cotnpany of R.eading, ,vhose fine building graces the opposite corner at 5th and Penn

C streets of what was then . in 1756)·' \ Veiser's \Vhite Store. Governor John 1\ndrc,\~ Shulzc, one of Pennsyl­ v~nia's most capable and popular g-o,·ernors, ruling the state for t\vo tern1s of three years eacl1 in the fonnative period of our Public School policie~ and greatly pron1ot- . ·. ing then1, is honored by having a path\,·ay dedicated to him at- the opposite corner ( the north,\·estern) of the

•onadculiutten•s destl'l1cti1111 .mcl ma:-;:;aer~· Look 1,l:H'l1 thi:s w~ek. ·Park entrance_ and provided for by the \Vomelsdorf Union Bank. That there is en1inent propriety in this lies in the fact that GOY. Schulze \Vas a lineal descendant of .. Weiser~s,_ born- in the Luthera~1 parsonage of (hrist Tulpe­ hocken Church, located in_ Berks- County . and .where V\/ eiser usually ,vorsi1ipped during the last seventeen years of his life, that he .was a r~sident for several years · in \i\Tomelsdorf (1802-04) and th~t he.n1u?t often·_have· visited this place.as the ancestral hun1estead, and \\T eiser's grave a:s that of his great-grand-father's, though the latter had died before he "·as born. This pathway ,vill lead citizens of \Vomelsdorf and Yisitors -f r:0111 points west. who chance. to enter the Park a-foot. over the now named trail of one of the conununity's and the state's 1ilost lionored citizens.. A.nd we u\\~e it to \Vomelsdorf's Board of Bank Directors that thi:; path\\·ay is so nan1ed. A third Governor of Penns,·l\"ania. . is honored in the person. 9£ Governor Joseph I-Iie~ter,. another native of Berks County, ,vhos·e ter111 of offic~ extended fron1_ 18~0- 1823. He was of a f a1nous imn1igrant f arnily from \Vest­ phalia "~ho settled in Bern r, )wnship cluri1ig the beginning of the 18th century. I-:fe was burn in l{eading the son of John I-Iiester, in 1752, and at the outureak of the Revolu­ tion raised a company in a 111ost :-;pectacular manner and led it forth as Captain with the ··.:\ssociators" of his county for the defence and independence of his cot111try. I-le had varied experiences in this ,var. In the battle of. Long Is­ land, ,vas _taken a prisoner a~1d suffered atrociou~ly in con­ finetnent for a year. He was then exchanged and at once rejoined the anny·, to be later \\"Ottnded at Gerqianto,vn, yet continued in service to the close of the war. Upon his return to civil life, he ,vas again.called to the service of the people, being in 1787 a 111ember of the State Convention for the ratification of the Constitution of the U. S. and in 1789 a 111en1l.>t!r of the State's Con- 1~7 titutional Convention. Then for several terms he ,vas a 11en1ber _of the State Legislat~tre and after this served ourteen years in Congress. In 1820 he was elected Gov-· rnor of the ·State ·and served one term, dec~ining a sec­ ind tern1. It was during his achninistration that the Old :apitol ( 1822) was huilt. He retired to Reading, where te died highly esteemed by all, June 10~ 1832.. · 1"'he larger pool of the \Veiser Park is nan1ecl for him ,y the contribution of one thousand clollars hv the children, ,f th~ late Isaac lVI. Hiester, Esq., and his ,vido,v . . GOVERNOR GEO. THOMAS he first Provincial GoYernor who employed \V eiser as nter-preter and after\vards appointed hin1 as one of the rustices of Lancaster County (in 1741 J is com1nemorated )J the gift of 'fhe Co-operati~·e Ser\"ice Co. of \Vyo­ nissing, Pa.

THE WASHINGTON CIRCLE_ . . -Be(.'a11se of the yisit of President Genrge \ \"ashington '.O \Yci~t•·r·s grave llll Xo,·cn1her 1-L 1793 and his words ~hen spoken and the interest of the Berks County Can1ps :-,f Patriotic Or.der_ Sons of _-\tnerica in £itrnishing a n1onun1ent to \Veiser's ·hunor in 1909, which ·is to be placed in a laid-out c.-irde of 100 feet diarneter about the \Veiser graves, and becaus~ of thi-5 Orcle: supp1ying son1e contributions to~ards the Park, _it is_ fitting that this circle shoul

Governor of the State.,. an,1 General George. . DeB. ·Kein1 and others, and together they visited the \Veiser hon1e- . stead and graves, ,vhen and \\'here \Vashington gave utterance to an appreciative conunent of the noted· Indian agent an

~- . . -- ~ ...... ~:;.-r'~: . t~---....- .

•• '◄,. ·' . .. $ .. . >. :'.

THE CONRAD WEISER MONUMENT Erected by P. 0. S. of A. vania and Virginia during the long years of the Indian crises and troubles. It ~s significant- that the same Gov­ ernor of the province of Pennsylv~nia commissioned the youthful \,Vas_hington on a danger.otts, yet important mis­ sion to the western part of the province who (?f ten· em­ ployed the elderly \Yeiser on grave matters of Indian · affairs to Onondaga, N. Y .., and other Indian headquarters in the interests of peace, protection ·and the Red 1-Ien's loyalty to the English cause. ...L\ n1ost fitting name, there-·· fore, is. that of. \1/ashington to grace this circle about Weiser's· tomb, ,vhere the devotion. of the order of the Patriotic Sons of ...~111erica is so n1uch in evidence.

THE FLAG POLE Both ,\?' eiser and Franklin were carpet-baggers. in Pennsylvania. Neither ,,,as to the n1anor born.. 'I'he one can1e front Gern1any, the other f rorn l~i1gli~h Pilgrim stock and \\"as horn in Boston, l\.'.fass. But here jn Penn's province they met. and both ,vielded .a n1ighty constructive influence upon their adopted state in its jonnative period, . . earh in hi:- o\\·11 ~eparatc ,vay. The affaiTs of· state, es­ pecially, as these referred. to dealings with the .Indians, brought the t,\·o ]~aclers together. T'hcir first n1eeting was possibly in 1742. 'I'hey n1tt al,uut a land purchasing T'reaty 'fable. T'hough the 'Tulpehockei:i settlers had colonized in the 1'ulpehocken \Talley some years before at the _invitation of \Villian1 J(eith., Baronet Governor of ~he Province, they had been but squatters, as the land lying behveen the South l\lountain and the l(ittatinny., or. B_lue i\1ou~1- . tain Range and stretching from the Lehigh to the Susque­ hanna Rivers, had not yet been purchased fron1, nor set­ tled \Vith the 1\borigines, and considerable con1plaint ,vas lodged against tl-iese "Christi~ns" by the Indians, the n1at­ ter ,vas scttlc

.: :

·- :-- . t... i" :;-=• &: • • :·

.. /," ...

THE WEISER FLAG-POLE, ERECTED BY BLUE MT. EAGLE· CLIMBING CLUB .

152 .But one of the Indian Chiefs. ,va.s n~t present at this meeting and transaction of 1732, and so nearly ten years later _signed off his share of rights to these lands at a meeting hekl in Philadelphia, when. Conrad \\'eis~r and Benjamin Franklin ~ere both present as ,vitnesses. This document is dated July 12, 1742, when HLingahonoa, o.ne of the Schuylkill Indians," signified his '·f utl and _free con­ sent, agreen1ent and approbation of ·and to· the granting, bargaining and selling·" of said la11ds arid joined in sale thereof "to· hold to and to the use of the above named John Penn, Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, their heirs and assigns forever." The witnesses present \vere: Benj. Franklin, \Vm. Peters, -Conrad \\7eiser and Lyn Ford Lardner, while Lingahonoa signified \\Tith his n1ark. After this n1eeting these two, \Y ei::;er and Franklir:i, n1et a number of times an

154.\ phia, the Lebanon Valley ai1d Xe\v \"ork City and states­ man, speaker of fi.rst U. S. Congress and later President. of State Ratification Assembly that• adopted the consti­ tution of U .. S. and by his vote elected theri1selves, that is, Pennsylvania into th~ Federal Union and thus becam~

the I

T-HE TULPEHOCKEN PIONEERS AND HEROES T'hat this con1nu1nity of \ Yeiser and the 'fulpehock~11 region has been -heroic in paving through its pi~neers _the_

A PIONEER HOMESTEAD OF. WOMEL~nn~F patlnvay for Berks County's re111arkaLle prosperity in church, school,- 111anuf acturing and husiness. agricultural and- civic affairs, and contributed no s111all an1ount of 155 MONUMENT ERECTED IN HONOR OF THE PIONEERS AND HEROES OF THE TULPEHOCKEN, BY MR. JACOB 1-(. MAYS

156 pluck and enterprise in the county's· internal deveiopment~ such as the building of first roads, the Union Canal. a turnpike and Stat~ Highways and "'as well represented in every war of this _country, so that in her ce1neteries now sleep the patriotic and heroic defenders of our hon1es and firesides, our liberty an

A. MEMORIAL BRIDGE • IVIr. \Ve1Iington Dietrich of R.ea:ding was n10Yecl by a similar in1pulse o"f honoring his ancestors and the stt.trcly stock, that led hin1 through the instrun1entality of Dr. C. H.. Scholl, to cn11trihut~ a thousand dollars to Illace an ornatnental stone ln-idge _in the Park as an adorning and . needed object of beauty and utility and na111ed · it for the ian1ilies f ron1 ,\·hence he sprung-. It will he nmnell in n1en1ory of the .:\lthouse-Dietr·ich f an1ilics, his ovvn hon­ ored f orebe·ars. These plans having been lai

15R ADDENDUl\'1

THE CONTRIBUTORS

That it n1ay be kno,vn to the present and the genera­ tions yet to con1e ,vho have contribut~d the n1onies needed to secu;e the option and conditinns of the park-plot and to lay it out into a park. ,ve append here a list qf the contributors' nan1es. To these ,\·ho ha,·e, up to the date of the publ~catinn of this hook, financially helpecl to erect this ~Ien1orial Park~ bek>11gs the credit of doing this very laudable. patriotic ~nd })tthlic-spirited \\"ork .. :,;o l~n1g neg­ lected. ~·\ncl first of all stand the na111es of the dodors of tht.• h<.n1e~tead huilding~ \\'ith the acreage ni the park­ pJot. ~Ir-. and ~Irs. I... Roy \7'alent-ine t1f \\'·un1dsdnrf.

Secondly. ,ve n1ent~on the Boa1~d ui County Co111- n1issioners of 1925-6 for assun1ing the expense of n~sto~­ ing the (Jld llon1estead and the inuncdiately surrounding· grounds of t~1is historic house. 1''hese officials \\·ere \ \.alte1· A. Ringl_er, John Bli111li11c and Francis SaYage.

()the.r contributors of cash to,vanls the enterpri~e are given_ in alphabetical order as to tO\\"lls ancl tinder the auspices·· in which they reached the ~olil·itor:o;· and treas­ urers' hancl:;.

159 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Classified as to Towns

Adamstown, Pa. Annville, Pa. Mrs. Samuel :Maurer Cayugas Tri he No. 103, l. 0. of R. l\1-. Allentown, Pa. D. \V. lJiJle·r George E. Bittner Ashland,· Pa. Orrrn E. Boyle Rev._ Edgar P. Xander Rev. C. J. Cooper, D.D. Hon. Fred. B. Gernerd Ashley, 0. Jeff. T. Good \Vorth J. l\I cGonigle Rev. Geo. A. Greiss, D.D l{ rs. W. B. Gros·ch A·thol, Pa. Rev. Raymond J. Heckman Geo. H. Shearer Charles A. Heist James F. J-Iunsicker Atlantic City, N. ]. Rev. Robert !\I. Kern Stitzer and Stitzer Dr. Henry J. Klopp and daughter Auburn, Wash. Koch Bros. Asa l\[ cGoniglc Annie E. Leisenring l:f~s. Eleanor~- Leise_nring Avon, Pa. G. Thomas Le1sen•ring Charles \Veiss l-f !ss Louise Leisenring ~{1ss Irene B. ).fartin Bainbridge, Pa.· Rev. J. vV. 1\-f attern Re ...~. I. P. Zi1i1inerma11 David A. 1\1 ill er Bally, :Pa. Rt·,·. J. A. Rid1tcr Chas. P. Roberts \\'. ·R. Tccscr Romig Society of America Elizabl·th Ziegler. J. -Harvey Ro1nig Baltimore, Md. 1\frs. Edwin P. Saegl~r· St. l\-1ichacl's Lutheran R ih le Harvey C. Bickel Class Rev. L. 11. Zim1ncrman, D.D. J. A. Scheffer · Bath, Pa. \Villis R. ScheidY E. H. Scholl - Rev. Jonathan E. Smith Fred Schwartz and son Edwin G. Trexler Beardstown, 111. I-Ion. Frank :\f. Trexler \V. F. llro~ker, wife and Gen. I-Jarry C. Trexler claught~r lf rs. Fleetic T-I. \Vehr ~[ iss Elda Gre·ve Co[ E. l-f. Young 11 rs. 1\1 an· Grc,·c Chas.· Ziegcnfus 11.r. and it rs. \V. · F. Gudke·r ,valter Ziegenfus 1Ir. and 1Jrs. Geo. Hans- 1ncvcr Ann Arbor, Mich. 1ohn · L.istmann fan1ilv ~lr. and 1\lrs. J. Phil-Ruppel l\lr. - Seltzer :\liss l\'[ac Rupp(·] · :I\lrs. Esth<·r Sei-tzer \Vilson Paul E. Huppd 160 Bernville, Pa. Boyertown, Pa. Allied· Com1nandery Daughters of Pocahontas (P. 0. S. of .A.) John P. Fisher Elizabeth E. Bright 1Iiss Kate E. Grim Mrs. \Villis L. Bright, D.A.R. 11iss l\L E. Grim Samuel S. Hoove!" Eli Herbein Adolphus Klopp Thomas R. Houck Tho1nas J. Zo;:rhe Popodh·kin Council Ko. 246 I. 0. R. 1\1 Bethlehem, Pa. .Morris fiilhert ·Harold F. Hippenstiel 1\1 ii ton H. Dl"rr Prof. Henry S. Jacoby Morris Enclv Holman \V. Jen kins S. Boh11 . Hon. H. D. Kutz Chas. Bauman Elml·r Fox Big Saridy, W. Va. Howard Bender . C. C. Binkley Jacob Romig Harvcv Gorse Tho111as Johnson Binden Wood 11 orris Gescheral (Wernersville, Pa.) A. \Villet Derlevan ~fiss Lizzi-:: Hipple John .Y. Lcff<.·rt . :Miss 11ary lforton \ViJson Kurtz C. B. Stauffer Birdsboro. Pa. X cl son L<.·chncr Alpha H. S. Lit\· Soc\· Henry (.~able Omega H. S. Lit'y Sot=\· \\'il loughhy Nester Robert :\lhright - L. C. Bolieu, Jr. Edward Brookl~ Howard Gilhert Roh<.·rt E. Brooke Chas. B. Stauff ~r R. F. Browil \\'. Y. Riegner Cam\) ·Hi P. l ). S. of ~\. I larry :\ntlwn·y Dani~l Clou~l'l" Honll·i- Y. Rrid1l"rt R e\'. \Vi 11 i s D Ci h l' r l John J •. Staph.·ton l\lalvi 11 Ddt.z i{t·,· . .-\. ~f. \V cber Ivlr. ancl ~l rs. C. A. Focht Henn· Harrison Brooklyn. N.· Y. Dr. (; eorg'-~ II l'1 rick \\'illiam L. Browl~r. Sr. Indianola· Tri he: l. 0. R. l\L Dr. Frank P. L,·tll· Buffalo, N .. Y. !\.la·r,· C. ).[ anwillt:r .ll rs. H azl'l :\. Sprakl'r l\lorris \\'. Plank Carlisle, Pa. J acoh Ratz 1\-Irs. EJnwr Shanama.n l\lrs. lanl· E. Frav Emil\' Shcdz :\. ).1 _- Sh·d1t•r ~ T◄"'rank Sowers Carthage, 1/L John Spon~~gl e Re-,·. Prof. S. G. H cffll·- Blanc-he \V c:iss 1,owt'r, D. D. Re,·. Prof H. · D. TJoovcr, Bloomin·g Glen, Pa. D. D. Anthony F. :\l yers Chambersburg, Pa. Bowers, Pa. Re,·. and 11 rs. Har,·ev Verna Hill Bick.cl - 161 Chester, Pa. Earlville, Pa. Ex-Gov. Wm. C. Sproul Oscar L: Hine James S. Weidner Chevy Chase, Md. M. E. \Veidner Mrs. A. M. C. McKim East Greenville, Pa. Dr. ·and Mrs. \V. I. Zyner Chicago, 111. Ray B. Croll East Pa. Lutheran Synod Mrs. Mary R. Shipman · . Fro1n Synodic ·Treasury Mrs. 11ary E. Sn1ith Easton, Pa. Annie· R. Correll Cincinnati, ·O. G. ·H.. Fretz Chas. J. Living·ood Horatio G. Shull Cleona, Pa. Elgin, 111. Mr. and :Mrs. F. L. Heilman :Mrs. Sarah Z. Hartzell . Cleveland, 0. Epbrata1 Pa. Paul J. Bickel Dr. F. P. Eckert Frank 0. Wolff Rev. A. W. Leibensperger Codorus, Pa. Esterly, Pa. Rev. Paul D. Yoder Chas. S. Adatns Floyd G. Boyer Coquille, Ore. .Paul Breitegam Mrs. John Bullock \V. S. Brumbach Lcs.ter E. Leinbach Dauber.viJle, Pa. 11 agdalena Leinbach H. W. Loose John E. Lutz Rev. J. L. Roush Davenport, Iowa J. tf organ \\1 eidner Eliz. S. Schoil Jane D. Scholl Fleetwood, Pa. W. \V. Ebert Dearborn, Mich. Dr. 0. T. Gehris }.{rs. Dr. .A. K. \Vanner Dr. F. L. l\Iattern Delaware, Ohio Joel B. Schaeffer Suveto Tril>e 477 I. 0. R. M. Daniel Wolff Yu.ma Tribe 438 I. 0. R. M. Frank A. \Volff Fogelsville, Pa. Denver, Pa. , E. 11. Fogel Rev. and :Mrs. D. L. Fogel­ man Franklin1 .Pa. Lillian Fogeln1a11 Daniel Grin1 E. D. l\loyef Douglassville. Pa. C. R. Geiger Frederick, Md. John Y. Jones, R. F. D. \V. D. hlcClean Edgar F. :Moyer Rev. U. S. G. Rupp, D. D. Chas. W. Romig Fredericksburg, Pa. Drehersville, Pa. D. E. Lick F. L. 1\-iarburger E. !\L \Volf J62 Gelena, Obio · Sol. K. · Hoffman Mrs. Dr. J. C. Wickham Rev. R. E. Kern Geo. F. l\.ieharg ~ermantown, Pa. Ontelaunee Tribe Emma Hugh es (D. A. R.) (I. 0. R. M.) John Mishler Council No. 8, 0. of. I. A. Gettysburg, Pa. Harrisburg; Pa. Mrs. Elsie Singmaster L~­ Franklin J. Althouse wars Daughters of Pocahontas Rev. J. A. Singmaster, D. D. Geo .. A. Gorgas · Croll Keller Gibraltar, Pa. 11 rs. Alma· Larson Sallie Seidel · Gov. M. Amanda Wicklein . Hart£ord, Conn. Glen Cove, Canada Dr. E. L. Johnson Mrs. Tillie l\L v: Brookfield Hereford,, Pa. J. K. Shultz Glen Rock, Pa. Jacob \V. Bnmgart Herndon, Pa. Re,r. \V. \V: Kraml.ich · Glenside_. Pa. Mr. and l\{rs. Irvin Ritter Hershey, Pa. Harotd· F. Cain . Grand View,, Wernersville, . Pa. Host, Pa. Wm. B. Kantner Willia•m ·nreibelbis Elizabeth A. Rnth Rebecca E. Stetson Hummelstown, •Pa. Dr. George \¥enrich F. Shope iliss l[arian \V c:nrich S. S. Shope Dr. R. D. \Venrich Intervilla, Pa. Greencastle, Pa. R. P. Bowman Mrs. Chas. H. Clippinger Frank Kettner Grenlock, N. ]. ]acksonwald, Pa. C. S. Brunner Clarisa J. Close Greshville, Pa. Jersey City, N. /. Sarah K.· Baun1an Mary l\L Diener Patricia Diener Jersey Shore, Pa. Hagerstow~ Md. Sopi1ia B. Lohrbach M. P. ~loller Jolie~, 111. Rev. ·H. 1L Heilman Hamburg, Pa. Rev. R. S. Apple Kane, Pa. Elmer Dunkel Dr. J. A-L liein1hach· A.f rs. Kate I(. Ebert, (D. A. R.) Kempton, Pa. Miss Mayme Ebert, Abne-r Greenawalt (D. A. R.) Anson R. Greenawalt 163 Kennett Square, Pa. John D. !filler Wiley Sallad·e. R. Ray !filler Hon. Gabriel H. :\foyer Kutztown, Pa. B. F. Patschke ·LlewelJyn Angstadt \,Villia1n Patschke Dt. U. S. G. Bieber Rev. H. S. Rhoads Arthur Bonner f-I. lL 11. Richard~ Grace Bordner Ji. A. Rohland H. K. Deisher H. L. Seltzer Dr. W. W. Deatrick E. Str-ickler's Sons Dr. N. Z. Dunkleberger lirs. \Vin. H. Strickler H. A. Fister · Swatara Tribe 27 John R. Gonser ( I. 0. R. 11.) Allen K. Grim l-1 rs. J. L. Swayze :Miss Emma Gri111 Edwin H. Uhler 0. P. Grimley J. D. Ut'nberger Geo. C. Herman Ephraim \Volf A,,f iss Charlotte KratnHch H. L. Zartman :Miss· Ella Kran1J ich John l-f. Zart1nan Ida l-I. Lesher · Leesport, Pa. 'vV 111: S. Rhode Dr. H. V../. Saul Harry C. S1iyder · John A. Schwoyer . . Lewistown, Pa. \V m. H. Siegfried Rev. Geo. B. S1nith .-\. \V. Snyder Dr. E. K. Stcckc-1 Lime Kiln, Pa. Chas. A. Stein \Vash. Camp .677 Sallie Leinbach (P. 0. S. of A.) Linglestown,· Pa._ Lancaster, Pa. ~ t'Yin \V. 11 o:rer Re,·. Prof. Irvin H. De Long Macungie, Pa. Geo. J. Heim A. K. Hostc.-tter, ·Atty. 0. P. Knauss · Rev. J. H ..M ussehuan Malden, Mass. Laureldale, Pa. (ico. F ..\Venrich, Atty. Rev. l\.fark L. Trexler Mansfield, 0. Lebanon, Pa. 1f rs. F. A. Cole J. S. Bashore J. A. Bollman Marietta, 0. Kate- S. Bolln,an Edward }-[. Kintzer W. H. Bollman \:Vrn. S. Bordlemay Marion, Pa. :M. S. Case Elizabeth C. "Brill ( D. A. R.J Ephraim W. Gettle 11oses Gingrich Melrose Park, Pa. Luther H. Harpel . . A. :M. Hefflefinger Rev. Chas. J. Gable, D.D. Levi K. ·ttynicka M ertztown, Pa. George E. Kemble Lebanon Chapter D. A. R. Geo. lsamoyer Edwin H. l\I illcr Geo. \V. Shultz J<,4. Mi.ilin. Pa. Irv-in Ritter J. Homan \Yeiser· :Mrs ..Chas. Schaeffer Mi.ilinburg. Pa. Mt. Etna, Pa. Alfred Brumgart Dr. G. W. Ens111inger . . \Vash. Camp 69, P. 0. S. of A-; Millerstown. Pa. Nicholas H. :Muhlenberg Mt. Penn, Pa. Mi11hall, Pa. Geo. T. Bone ~lildreq E. Runyeon Emeline B. Frazier Mt~ Zion, Pa. .. Millheim, Pa. San1uel Koehler Dr. G. S. Fr~nk Fred. E. Gutelius 1Iary Gutelius Muncy, Pa. Violet Gutelius \V1n. Luther Brungart l\I rs. Cheste-r Staltz Milton, Pa. Rev. :Morris F. Good Myerstown, Pa. Minersville, Pa. I. 1\:1. Bancv E . .Barry· - . Rev. C. Fasold · J. Al rs. Allen Bashore Minneapolis, Minn. \Villiam Bashore Rev. l,f. J. Bit:ber \V.illis Bernhart S. l\.L' Bcchey Minnewaska, N. ]. Geo. S. Bollinger Dorothy C. l-Iess · \Vin. T. Brenner R ...H. Brown Mohnton,· Pa. H. S. Corl Rl·,·. S. ~ t.•itz Dis~inger and H. S. Davis wife E. E. Doh1ll•r R. B. Alosser IJ. P. Dupple Howard Rathman A. A. Frantz Francis Schaeffer H. S. Gockley Dr. A. A. Stamm and Bro. Isaac B. IIaak E. L. Haak M ohrsville, Pa. Gottlieb Hcffiefingcr, R.· R. · Clara Croiscttc Isaac H cfflcfinger, R. R. Rev. B. S. Oise E. H. Heilman Catharine Haag Hennan Vv. Him1nelberger, Ella Rothe-nnel R. F. D. Geo. 1\.1. Schaeffer Mrs. Lottie S. Horst StcJla Sitler .h-lr. aiicl ?\-lrs. C. B. Holtz- Harold Snyder 1nan James H. \Vagner :Matilda C. James E. S. Karsnitz .and daughter Morgantown, Pa. H. H. Kilmer Reading Boys \Vm. Klahr Howard B ocly Kohn Bros. Mrs. 0. E. Dietrich Leighton F. Krttm i1 rs. Louise Karb C. L. Line. 1\-lrs. E. Loy \\T 111. G. Linc 165 Mr. and Mrs. F. G. Livin- F. A. Noll · ·good W. K. Palm C. C-:-- Loose Ella Sechrist M. H. Manderbach W. 2. Sheetz Dr. H. G. Mill er Oscar A. Steinmetz E. R. Noll Jacob Steinmetz Albert NY.e · Andrew Stricker Joseph M. Painter Fred.. Weiss Fretz. ·Sticks Baking Co. Horace \Veiss Jacob $. Quinte'r Robert W ciss . Isaac Reich M. F. Schaeffer Norristown, Pa. Emma L. Seltzer Ralph B. Strassberger Mrs. E. D .. Sibley Northampton, Pa. h.f iss Emtna Spangler Mrs. Geo. Spangler Re\'·. A. S. Deibert Dora Spittler Northmo12t, Pa. Frank _Staudt Mrs. H. E. Tice Mr. and Mrs. John H. Hoff­ F. H. Uhrich man Rev. H. S. Welker D_ley, Pa. Wm. Yeakley Esther H. Angstadt J. A. Yeiser Annie Bcrtolet lvfrs. Wm. Yokley Dr. l\L F. Clauser S. T. Yost 'Chester L. DeTurck H. K.· Zinn D. H. DeTurck Chas. L. Glase Naperville, 111. !\-Irs. Chas. L .. Glase Louise Hammerschmid°t (D. A. R.) New Bloom6.eld, Pa~ Svdney Harttnan l)r. c: Frank I-Iertzog Rl."v. J. Thomas Fox Lugl'to Tribe 477 I. 0. R. M. 1frs. Lott ·Reiff New Market, Va. Rev. H. 13. Ritter Dr. Casper 0 . .l\.f i11er 1\.!iss Camilla Stahr, (D. A. R.) New York City Rev. I. S. Stahr Elmer fl. Bobst Harry I... Fogelman Olympia, Wasb. Rev. G. L. Kieffer Lott H. hf cGonigle Preston l\ Lynn Theodore :McGonigle Benlah ~L W ciser Orange, N. ]. Newmanstown, Pa. · A. R. Leininger W. R. Brooks Harry Burkholder Osborne, 0. . Ed. S. Hart man Rev. Harvey E. Crowell W. D. Ibach A. B. Firestone Palmerton, Pa. Frank Fla1nish _Pa~s011 C. Bittner Chas. Lengel Pearl Lindcrmuth Parkersford, Pa. Samuel lluck O'la C. Vv at t 166 Pennsburg, Pa. Peter Wolle, Jr. Frank F. Huber Rev. Ruf us C. Zartma~. .Rev. Elmer E. Johnson D. D . Rev. Wm. U. Kistler 0. S. Kriebel Pine Grove, Pa. Margaret A. Boyer Pellllside,, Pa. P. E. Scheidy · Mr. and !v!rs. Earl L. Boner # Pa. Philadelphia,. Pa. l{ rs. Lewis Kurb Rev. A. R. Bartholome,v, Iv! rs. Chas. Schaeffer· D. D. K AL Blakiston Portland,· Ore. Dr. Brooke Bland Calvin I-Iejlig Dr. ]. J. Bower James C. Heilig Seth B. Capp Rev. S. D. Daugherty, D .. D. Pottstown, Pa. Charles H. Davis C. C. Burdan D. Vv ellington Dietrich Angeline I-Iendricks · John A. Docous Chas. Ray1nond Potts Ralph Docous Orion Sweinhart '"Ada l\i. Dubell Stanley· W. Dubell ~ottsville, Pa. Adalaide L. Ermentrou·t Prof. Edwin Fogel !-I rs. Frances L. Braun llr. and Mrs. Thos. Frazier }.-1 rs. lilla Z. Elliott Ralph A. Gibbs Bertha Stichter Herbein Great Council I. 0 .. R_. :M. Hist. Soc.. Sch. County Lucretia 11. Guss Judge Rich. H. Koch Gilbert Hamilton· D. \V. Miller Chas. B. H dms Prof. 'Livingstone Seltzer la mes II ut ton :!\l rs. Elizabl~th Zerbev llrs. Ja1nes Hutton~ D . .-\. R. :Mrs. Hc-nry Zerbcy • Prof. E. A. Jacoby :Mrs. J-Ieber S. Zerbey Rev. Paul S. Leinbach. D. D. 1\-1 rs. John F. Zerbey, Jr.. Sarah E. Lewis · l\.f rs. Joseph H. Zerbey E. Clarence Mill er :!\lrs. Joseph R. Zerbey, Jr. \Valter H. :Moore Joseph _H. Zcrbey, I I 1 Hon. Geo. Wharton Pepper .M ildrcy C. \V. C. Foresters of An1- E. Florence Barron . • eril·a. ~o. 119 Louise A~ Barron \¥111. J. Caldwell Adelaide R. Ba-tes Rudolph J. Calm· Ethel l\L Baut>r . Dr. C. D. Canto ugh,. H. J. Bauer Carr and Schad ).[ r;. Li;1.:1.il· Spang Baul·r ·1 :,;aal· .1. Clost' . )an. S\1lon n. Ba llS(:hc.~r .1 Clousl·r .\nna D. l.h'a\'t..•r Salli"· ~\. Clouser Rev. I. 1\1. Bt·a,·cr, D. D. Cohn Bros. ~l rs. \Valkt'r L. Bechtel Colonial Theat rt" Lillie F. Ih·t•h . Colonial Trust Co. ~I ahe?l Bc.•rJClt.•r Conrad \\" ~iscr B. and I .... John Bc.-rgt·r As~o. Bl·rkshin· :\uto Co. Garage Conrad \\' eiscr Chap. Charles Bcrtolet. 1vl. D. · Chilrlrt:n of .-\m. R(•v; Dr. John Bertolc:-t . H. C. C oon~y · i,r ari l' Cc,\'] c...· :\I rs. Louisa T. B ertol et Dr. \Valtcr :\l. ·B~rtoh·t Re,·. t·. 1( Crl'itz. D. D. ~J arit- L. Ht..·vc·rlc Lu-tl1t·r T. Croll Caleb J. Bi<..-la•r \Vn1. ~f. Croll . Foster Biehl · Croll and· Keck · l\lrs. Graet• H. Biehl Jane Croshy Geo. \V. Billman Adn~nt· Curley \\'. D. Billman Carolint· 11. Custer J ost•ph B_I ui:!t t H ~ It• n Cu st t.· r E. \V. Bohn. D. D. S. \Vallac-t• Custer H. \V. Bohn. D. D. S. Flort.·nct· Da nnl·r \Vi I Ii~ Bu 1t z . Ll·orr C. Darrah, !\1. D. R<.·,·. F. S. I :u~J,.:c.'r Daughter~. of Pocahontas 168 .Alice Davis Jonas Ep:;tein Chas. T. Davis Re\". Lee lL Erd111an lfrs. Cha.s. T. Da,·is Sarah A. Ern1entrout, 1\Iarguretta Da,·is (D. A. R.) . C; J. Deatrick Essick· and Barr \Valter · E. Deatrick John S. Esterly . Harry DeBold Rebecca A. £,·ans 11 rs. E1nily Deem \V. E. Evans, ·D. D. S. Dorothv R. Deisher · H. Alvin EYrich Rev. Geo. R. Dellecker Stella Falh·- ).-£rs. Stella G. Dellet H. \Vinslo\\' Fegely l\il rs. Emily Dellinger \\-m. Fegely· Geo. F. DcLong. D. D. S. lohn v.· Feher Dr. lI. D. De Long \nna -L. Fetherolf 1Ir. and 1\-lrs. J. F. DeLong Lizzie Fiant \V. D. DcLong Cath. E. Fichthorn, (D.A.R.) Robt. E. De.Ip .\. I. Fink G. \Vm. Dengler J. \Vil mer Fisher, .-\ tty." Deppen 1fanufacturing Co. Roht. D. Fisher Cyrus G. Derr, Atty. Re,·. \V. K. Fisher Ali hon H .. Dl·rr Robt. E. Fister Kate 11. Detweiler Re\·. \Vm. H. Fluck Sydney H. Dewalt CYrus T. Fox Dick Brothers Di·. Oscar E. Fox l\[ rs. 1J. A. Dick, ( D ..-\. R.) :\. Lincoln Fran1·c Rav Dickinson Grace• l\J. Franie 1·1 a-rg. :Mary Diener ~!rs. \Vn1. J. Fraine,. Patricia· Diener (D. A. R.) C. J. Dietrich ~fiss ~fan' H. Frank f ohn Dietrich ).f rs. Sallie Frankhau~er, C). E. Dietrh.·h (D. A. R.) S. P. Dic:·trkh \Ym. 1. Frl·" Jane· C. llclivain John Knorr . \Vm. :\fcih·ain t. V. K.ratzer, D. D. S. Hayden :\l cQuaitc Ira and Hy. K.redcll J acoh P. ~[ cQu_aite An1anda Kr-:~idlcr Ralph H. llengel and family S. S. Kresge Store E. ~f. lientzcr, D. D. S. Paul A. l{rot t :Merritt Lumber Co. P. K. Kulp Dr. Edward G. :Meter ~.f abel I\L Knrtz F. P. lliddlcton Paul Kurtz .-\. ,v. ).filler Ladies' G. :\. R.. Flon"ncc R. ?\fl 11er Elsie ?vL Lamine II .. U. ~filler (1'ft. Penn) Lucy l--f. Lawrence Harry 11Hlcr Dr. Stanlev A. Leinbach I. Fr-~d :\-1 i Iler Rev. Thos~ H. Lc"inbach \V. E. l\liller Chas. E. Leippe ~[rs: Ella I.... l\f illholland J. Harry Leippe ~Ir~. I·It.-•nry l\-f illholland Lei1a Leitzdl Chas.. .-\. ~I ills . Anna N. LeYan Laura H. ll ills Eliz. J. T...t.·,·an Helen V. l-I innich Dr." Geo. K. Le,·an ·'~f insY and Gogo" Blanchc- Lr\\'i:-- John D. ).lishlcr 17\ llizpah Circle, St. John's ).•Ir. ·and :Mrs. C. E. Pfau Lutheran Church Rev. Gustav R. Poetter, John -G. Mohn D. D. l\1 rs. Sarah !\1 ohu George Pomeroy, Jr. Luther S. :Mohr I-J. \V. Potteiger Irvin A{oodhart .Mr. and :Mrs. James R. Sigmund l\f orris Potteiger Florence L. :\-1" oser Fred. Printz, Jr. Dewitt !\1 ould l\f r. and lfrs. Edwin A. ~! rs. Jonathan 1fottld Quicr Rev. br. J. F. M:o,·er Jacob S. Quint~r· Lincoln 1\.-i oycr " Rajah Beauty Sho.p \Valter W~ :Mover Ira ~1. Rapp, D. D. S. Chas. H. l\f uhlei1hcrg John \V. Rauch Fred. A. :M uhlenherg Reading Auto Cluh Fred. H. !v[ uhl en berg Reading Eagle Employees Dr. H. H. .M uhlcnberg Reading National Bank Kate A. I\{ nh1enhcrg R-.!ading 'f'eacher~· .-\:,;sn. Kate H. ~.r uhlenherg Earl l1. Rtl'd J. C. l\l umma ElnH•r F. R,~ecl S. B. liurphy Harv<.·,· V Re-eel John H. ~1:rers Paul -~I. R·~cd ·Ruth B. l\h·ers \Vm. E. R<.'c·ch· Sarah A. l\i ycrs . Samttl•I Rc-tse;- ~f rs. Eliz. Cust<:r Nagle J . H . R l' i ch l' rt "Miss Elizabeth D. Nagle Frank R"•i(kr Nathan I:-lale Con1111anclery !\largaret 1'. Rei i:--nych.-r No. 75 P. <). S. of A. \Vn1. Rt·inert, Jr. Xature Studv Club Carrie :\I. Reinhart • !\avl~sink Dt'lphian So. Dr. J-f. F. Rt·ntschl,·r and Alpha Dl'lphian -Soddy wif1;.• ") ( .. ,,.-,o ,..-,an1c.· :\. L. Rhoaeter L. Scholl ·· · ).[iss Gertrude Stichter · \,Vm. H. Scholl, D. D. S. '},I iss Lilt",, D. Stichter J acoh Schult>r · E. Stimm~l. D. U.· S. ·1 ohn R. Sd111lcr 11. \'. Stuncl" \Vm. S. S<_-hnma llabcl Stoudt -Sig. S. Schweri ncr 11 rs. Ada St rausc Francis 1'. Scidd :Harry A. Strohn1 T-Ierbert Scickl rohn Stro11b \Varren Seidel i)r. .I-I. Venton Stryker 1\-f rs .•-\nna A. R. St-iders• ·· Chas. A. Sci f crt Chas. E. Stun1p Sellers & C_ompauy Emma 1-1. Swartz l\1rs. Edith I-I. Seyfert Pro"f.- Landis Tanger Elsie Seyler. Harry ·o. Thornburg Harry C. Shaaber 1-1. Seidel Tluom \7ictor l\L Shatters T. vV. Troxell \Vm. F. Shanaman ·carrie Uibel Wm. E. Sharman -Paul F. Ulrich Lester Shirich Unhcnhaul'r & s·on ' Ira G. Shoen1aker \-Valtcr Wachc Samuel Shull J)r. and Mrs.. L .. !•. \-Vagner \V. H. Slater \\I'm. l\·[ uhlenbcrg ,vagner l\1r. and l[ rs. Sloat E. R. \-Vanner Hester Sloyer Dr. I-I. HcrlH:rt \Vanner M.'r. and l\·lrs. San1uel Smed-· Laura l\L \Vare ley l)r. L. 1;. ,Vay 173 . Chas. A. \Veida and family Rei.iton, Pa. Catharine Weidner Florence B. Bei-telman Celia lL W eightn1a11 Alice B. · Crot1se Dr. C. D. Werley lf. C. Haines Dr. C._ S. \Ver-ley Dr. Frank: P. \Ven1er Reinhold Station, ·Pa. Frank \Vertz l\f r. and l\I rs. J. 1\1. Brunner Carrie S. Wesley R. S. Brunner · Richard ,vetzell 1lrs. R. S.· Brunner l\{rs. n·orothy E. White· Catharine Fi:-y Whitner· Store Co. \Vindsor lf: otor Co. Richland. Pa. Otto E. Vvinwesser 1!. D. · 1r. Batdorf Arthur .vVittich . \Villia111 Blessing Mrs. Arthur vVittich, . Church Collection (D. A. R.) . N. G. Forry Arthur \Voctch D. 0. Frank Marjorie l\L C. \Volff John H. :Mock Olh·er J. '\,Volff. Atty. I\·I rs. J. K. Spangler Oliver 1\I. \;Vol ff Eltner E. Steiner C1 ara !vf.. \,V ,,n nh<.·rger John l\I. Steiner William \Voodruff \V 111. H. Stewart D. El.mer \Vorley Catharine Wta·ck Riegelsvilie. Pa. lfis:. Anna I... Y crkes, Lee S. Clvmcr (D. A. R.) - . A-fiss Helen 'Y<.·r.kcs, Robesonia, Pa. (D. A. R.) iirs. N. F. llolhnan Mrs. James Y erk cs, J. 1L Bordner · (D. A. R.) Harry F. Bro,vn Yocum Colh·tti' Sisters Lt·wis Dt•gh-r Frc.-d S. Y l>. F. Kauffman Rev. A. T. Sutcliffe \Vin. ..\!axwood John ).•li11er . Selinsgrovea Pa. Geo. T-1. lloyer Edwin l\,f. Brungart Isaac 1-foyer Clarence Ritter · Sellersville, Pa. B. :!\!orris Strauss, Atty. Paul Strausser Rev. E. S. I{idd . E. L. Strunk Shamokin, Pa. Benj. Zimmerman Rev. E. H. Gerhart Sinking Spring. Pa. Shamrock, Pa. A. H. Bachn1an Howard Bl'ankenbiller Rev. W. F. Bond Tohn H. Breidc.:nbach l\{arie Fegely. Re,·. S. R. Breidenbach Harvey Brooks Shanesville, Pa. Canip No. 254. P. 0. of A. A:Iargue.rit~ Richards Camp No. 282, P. 0. S. of A. 1i5 R. L. Cassell . Sfatington. Pa.· H:arry H. Craven Mrs. S. B. Costenbader E:dith A .. Ermentrout Chas. W. Freeman Slippery Rock. Pa. R. A. Furlow Emily J. Eisenberg John H. Glassmeyer F .. Edward Guinther Spangville, Pa. Adam T. Hafer Enoch Hartlin_e David H. Hain 1'! rs. Carrie Heck Steelton. ·Pa. E. R. Holtzman Elsie K. · Bittner :\{rs. John Horn C. B. Hull · Sterling. 111. Dessie H. Krick ~1 rs. Anna R. Dyson 1\·I rs. Hannah Kr.ick ::\ifin11i e Vetter Dr. J. R. Kurtz Douglas Lebo Stony Creek Mills~ Pa. A. A. Lengel C. Bdlingcr C. R. Ludwig ltlrs. Ella Diener A. B. h,Iadeira Louis F. Grebe ·or. J a111cs G. 1\Iatternes l!rs. Luther Griesemer James F. ·l:Iiller Harry Hill 1'.{rs. J\.L· Ella K. Z\liller Stanley Hill Lenore 1'f. 1'1 urr · \Vallace E. I-lill ::Myrtle 1\1. lVI urr :AL D.· Hunter Reubei1 L. Oberlin Benjamin Kiun~y Thomas· J. · Oberlin Robe"rt Pierce · Samuel Redsecker llrs. lfary Rapp !\I rs. Susan Scherer ).[ r~ . .-\nnie R~ddinger ~Irs. l ohn E. Schonour IL F. Stotult Clayton SchweitZ'-.•r, R. F. D. John Sdtzt!r Stouchsburg. Pa. Kate Seltzer Daniel Bobb Sinking Spring Planing Jiill Ja1nt:s Eisenbisc and fa1nily Co. I. B. Eisenhower ~Iary A. Souders Tohn L. Geiss Charles G. Specht :-\nnie 1-f offman vV. W. \Veber John Houtz ~fr. and :Mrs. I. H. lVeidman "r acob Hunsicker John S. Weidman Harry \V. Kihner Oscar ·Weidman \Varren E. Klopp E. H. Weidner 11 i:-~ Leininger Mrs. Kate \:Vhitmoicr 1oh11 Leiss . 1-Irs. 1'fary \,Votf Rev. D. F. Longacre J. \V. vVoifkil-1 C. D. 11 osser John K. Y ergcr :\lrs. Eliz. S. Newcomet IIarvey Yoder Charles S. Peiffer lvirs. Emma Y. Yost Dr. Ed. Z. Ruth· Tho111as Schoener T. JI. Smaltz Slate Dale, Pa. :\L .-\. Smaltz Dr. Ralph T. S_ouden Geo. E. Troutn1.an 17ti Tulpehock~n · Commandery · Wm. Moser No. 65, P. 0. S. of A. F. H. h{oyer Wash. Camp No. 237, Claude Oswald . P. 0. S. of A. Geo. Rauenzahn W. H. :VVeidman C. E. Reifsnyder Catharine C. Rohrbach Strausstown, Pa. Edgar ·Rohrbach W. lf. Anspach Mrs. Priscilla S. Rohrbach Camp No. 38, P. 0. of A. Raymond Rohrbach Rev. Ira \V. Klick Sylvester D~ Rohrbach Harry J. Paul Wm. N. Rohrbach Geo. C. Shugar Jacob J. Schofer J. H. Spatz John. G. Schofer Ellen vVeisenborn Roy Schowalter Chas. Shoemaker Syracuse, Ind. A. H. Smith hf rs. \V. H. Xanders Dr~ and· lvf rs. C. F. Smith \Vinfie1cl F. Smith Tamaqua, Pa. Harry Stauffer Rev. J. F. Derr C. E. Titlow Prof. J. F. Deves Fred. Trexler · Harry Trexler Tampa, Fla. 1\-f r. and Mrs. Morris D. . Trexler Henry \'f\T eidman Paul \\Talbert Telford, Pa. \Vashington Camp 172 P. 0. S. of A. C. N. Gerhart Roland \Veidner \Valter \Vert _Temple, Pa. hlrs. Anna D. :\lll·n Trexler, Pa. \VilJiam Brunner J. ·\V. Schoeder Topton, Pa. Ventura, Cal. \V. F. Angstijdt !\.-fahlon. H. \Volff W. E~ Bieber Geo. Carl Vincennes, Ind. Irwin J)eLong ·Ellen G. Brohst Joseph l)c Long Paul T. Eck Washington,, D .. C. Francis Feustcrinacher \Vm. J. Fritz Vera Cath. Brungart -Marvin l-I cffner ~1. A. Gruher . Lloyd· I-I crzog 1-1 rs. FJor.ence G. :Miller \Villard Hilbert J ohu J. Rothennel Howard lJoppcs Heruert l-loppcs Wernersville, Pa. Horace S. lacobs David .A. Batz Claude Kci"scr John Bcicher Harvey F. Kemp D. I-I. Bohn Harry Knappcnhcrge~ · · Ja1nes Brensinger A. J. :\fi11c-r Camp N' o: 99, P. 0. ·s. of A. l\frs. Har\'C'\' .A. lliller l\[rs. I-L H. Chri~ttnan Howard 11 filer A. B. Dcitzlcr 177 F. Z. Dunkleberger l,frs. Geo. vV. Wertz A. L. Eckert Robert V\7• Wertz Peter L. Fisher l\,f. E. \Vitinan Mr. and :Mr.s. Samuel· R. Woman·:; Cluh Fisher l\,Irs. Amhrosc Zellers David A. Froehlich Tohn.R. Zellers Frank Gaul Calvin Z. Zerbe Franklin l\L Gaul Geo. S. Gaul West Lawn, Pa. \V. R. Gaul Paul Ruth Elizabeth Gerhart George 'J;routman J. Ir,vin Gerhart Chas. lf. Grater West Leesport, Pa. Israel P. Greth Dr. ,,vm. J. Bassler Adam Hain Clara 11. l)eck Louis A. llain Chas. Rothenberger · :Mr. and 1v1rs. An10s Hassler Geo. Trout111an R. B. I-Iasslcr Chas. A. , Ven rich :Miss R. I. Hassler Dr. S. S. Hill West Palm Beach, Fla. :Mrs. Valeria C. Hill Dr. "\V. G. Huyett Gene i"iartholomew. Wm. B. Kantner I-I. C. Bartholomew C. E. Kirst West Reading, Pa. Chas. Klopp Edith B. Baker Earl Krick J 01111 Burger Rev. J. \V. Lazarus Ludcma :M. Drehs Adam Lerch \Vin. Frecert Fi°cllcr John I-T. Kunkle . 1vf rs. Amanda Filbert John D. Kurtz l\:Ir. and l\ilrs. Leavy. Filbert Rev. J\"f art in L. I{urtz ~f rs. !\.f ary S. Filbert Dr. F. T. Landis Robert B. Filbert 1 acoh ·Lauc-ks l\f rs. Sallie Filbert kcv. Edwin S. Leinbach. Adam C. Fisher Alh<.'rt. F. L"•ngel Jacoh Flick_inger E. A. Leng(• 1 . l\.f iss Bessie S. Fromm Echvin C. Lengel . l\.·frs. Sallie C. Gable 11 rs. El sir Livingood W. H. Gassert Dr. J.. onis J. Livin~ood George S. Gaul Charlc·s 'Marks Edwin G.erhart .Grant A-f atthews Charles German John :Matthews Elsie Goldtnan I Janl A. 1\,[atthews '7<) 1I . Tacob H. l\fays Jer~miah L~ Sellers Clayton 1\·I cily · Horace Shartel Rev. H. J. !filler l-Hss Ahna A. Shive Richard 1\-Hller Irwin l\L Showers W. Theodo.rc Miller Mr.· and l\{rs. Louis ·n. Harold !-[ogle Smith Alice R. 1\-Ioyer Mrs. - Snook Calvin M. :J\,f oyer Frank 'I'. Si1yder Miss Carrie M:oyer Wrr:. H. Spangler Fred~ Moyer Tyetta Spatz G.eorge Moyer Co-operative Store J a111es Moyer and family Herbert Stoudt Mr. and Iv! rs. Samuel l{ oyer J. B. Stoudt l\,f r. and l\f rs. Simon Moyer A-f rs.• .i\manda Strauss Willia·m lfoore, Jr. Ray I-I. Strauss Re,,. Vv. S. l\·f ore, D. D. \Villiam Strauss Thomas T. Nolf \Vil mer I-I. ·Strauss Albert P. Noll Claude K. Taylor. D. D. S.­ Harry L. Ott Bernard Thon1son John J. Ott W. B. Tice · George Oxenrider \VilJian1 Tobias l\.f r. and h.-[rs. Frank Porr ?vf ~ryetta Tregellas Ezra Potteiger . Mr. and lf rs. Ray C. Tre- N. A. Price ge 11 as · Ernmanuel Reed. Sarah K. Trege Ilas Calvin Reinhart 'Sydney I.• \.Veidler Calvin Reinhold :Miss Jennie \Verner f ohn Rhine . l\:f r. and l\.frs. Thos. M. Wil- ·Mrs .. Emn1a E. Richard hehn •' Calvin Rothermel \Vomelsdorf Union Bank E. K: Rotherincl · J. B. Young Jal·oh Hot hc:.·nncl \Villiam Rothermel Mr. and 1\1 rs. A1nbrose Rudy Wyomissing~ Pa. Dr. F. R. Sallade W. 1.•" •. Applcbe·e Mrs. Amanda Sallade :Mrs. W. F. Applebee Mrs. J. Salta

181 BERKS COUNTY RURAL TEACHERS

Albany Township Ecigar J. Bright . Esther A. Baclunan Charles C. Clemens Carl. L Dietrich B. Frank Derr· Floyd A. Frey Howard H. Kline Florence L. I{unkel James M. Kl.iue Louise P. Merkel 1-!rs. Sallie B. Kurr Roy A. Schlenker Harvey J. l1anbeck Ira J. Schroeder lv!ilton D. M. Schmeltzer Jacob \V. Schroeder Hannah Sherman Samuel D. Snyder Alsace Township !•faggie L. Yarnell · Mrs. Ottie S. Clauser \Varren E. Zimmerman El wood R. De Turck Henry it !\foyer Birdsboro B(!rougb Amity Township Geo. Vv. Billett Bally, ]!orough Clintoi1 E. Cole Ivah 1\L Kemp Mrs. Flore.nee N. Dean. l\f. Raymond -Leeser Ruth S. DeTurck l\1 rs. Eliz. R. Quigley Regina Y. Edris Elizal>t:th Z. Garrett . Bechtelsville Borough Evelyn ii. Geiger Bern Township Cora L. I-Ian

Ontelaunee Township Richmond Township Penn Township lfrs. Ida -Hill .Lesher Perry Township Jacob H. Adan1 _Robeson Township Lois L; Arnold :\f. Hiester Eshelman Olive E. DeTurck Alice G. \Vicklein Rebecca R. E1_1gd M . .-\1nanda \Vicklein 185 R.obesonia Borough Aaron hf arks Margaret C. Boland :Mrs. Carrie S. Portz ].\,fary E. Fegan 1\1:rs. Edith I. II. Schenck Aaron A. I{iln1er :Helen E. Seidel Bessie L. Kintzer Nora E. Schwoyer Ellen E. 1-linnich John G. Sharman Richard 1-1. 1'Ioll \Vm. A. Stricker Ruth l-f. i\-foYcr Calvin Unger Stella G. :Mo,·er G. Gilbert S11vdcr StrausstQwn B oz:ough John L. J. Stoudt Ellner E. Spatz 1'Iinnie M. Yoder Tilden Township Rockland Township Topton Borough Ruscombmanor Township Florence l\I. Deisher Benj. F. Cressman liyrtle A. Diener Kirby L. Hill Ah·in N. Fegtly Irvin L .. Hill Harvey F. Kemp Cha.rles F. K.noll ~Irs. Florence R. ).f cKeever Mrs. Annie :\I. N. Kieffe·r !vfabel S. Rothermel Florence G. :Merkel Fl_orence A. S111ith !farv W. Noll · Edgar G. St.·yler Tulpehocken Township Tulpehocken (Upper) S_hillington Borough Township ::Mrs. Blanche B-. Bryant Union Township Earl Fake. Washington. Townsbip. Mrs. Annie E. D. 1:I. Guldin Ho,\pard A. I-I cckn1an Alfred 1L Brumbach Rosa F. Gilbert Cha rl("'S J. I-J t•n11nig .:\aron 1 Rohrbach Fr~d E. Ltll·kinbill I. 1-{ r~. Otto \V. Rohland Rev. \V cslcy E. \ Venner Edna E. \Vhitl' Wernersville Borough Sinking Spring Borough Samuel T. Bordner Solo111on A. Br·osstnan Kate B. Luft Lester F. DcLong \Villiam ·1-1. ~-lattes J. George Rishel Alice R. S1ncltzcr h,fyrtle R. Schaeffer Windsor Township Elizabeth Jf. Stnith Benj. H. \Vcichnan Womelsdorf Borough · :Mabelle l\f. Yarnall :Mary A. Althouse Clara. A. Bordner Spring Township Annie L. ];:berly Mrs. Grace D. vV. Alsberger Annie E. Kintzer· Lillian S. Brunner J. ·I-Iarold Klopp !-f rs. Leah K. Delp Pauline ~I. J llig Cyrus vV. Fasnacht 1\fary E. 1Ioorc Granville Frv :Morgan D. Re-inbold Caroline P. -Grintes Laura l\L Snyder Frank D. Gri,nes Frank G. Ketner Wyomissing Borough lf ary E. Kindt High Sc~ool. per J. L. A. 186.