IR 473 Selecting the Correct Datum, Coordinate System and Projection
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 ISO 6709:2008 ISO 6709:2008 Cor.1 (2009) AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011
AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 ISO 6709:2008 ISO 6709:2008 Cor.1 (2009) AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011AS/NZS ISO Australian/New Zealand Standard™ Standard representation of geographic point location by coordinates AS/NZS ISO 6709:2011 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee IT-004, Geographical Information/Geomatics. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 15 November 2011 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 14 November 2011. This Standard was published on 23 December 2011. The following are represented on Committee IT-004: ANZLIC—The Spatial Information Council Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authorities Council Australian Antarctic Division Australian Hydrographic Office Australian Map Circle CSIRO Exploration and Mining Department of Lands, NSW Department of Primary Industries and Water, Tas. Geoscience Australia Land Information New Zealand Mercury Project Solutions Office of Spatial Data Management The University of Melbourne Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at www.saiglobal.com.au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. -
International Standard
International Standard INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATlON.ME~YHAPO~HAR OPI-AHH3AWlR fl0 CTAH~APTM3Al&lM.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic Point locations Reprksen ta tion normalis6e des latitude, longitude et altitude pbur Ia localisa tion des poin ts gkographiques First edition - 1983-05-15i Teh STANDARD PREVIEW (standards.iteh.ai) ISO 6709:1983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/40603644-5feb-4b20-87de- d0a2bddb21d5/iso-6709-1983 UDC 681.3.04 : 528.28 Ref. No. ISO 67094983 (E) Descriptors : data processing, information interchange, geographic coordinates, representation of data. Price based on 3 pages Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bedies). The work of developing International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the ISO Council. International Standard ISO 6709 was developediTeh Sby TTechnicalAN DCommitteeAR DISO/TC PR 97,E VIEW Information processing s ystems, and was circulated to the member bodies in November 1981. (standards.iteh.ai) lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following IcountriesSO 6709 :1: 983 https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/40603644-5feb-4b20-87de- Belgium France d0a2bddRomaniab21d5/is o-6709-1983 Canada Germany, F. -
QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Latitude, Longitude and Associated Metadata
QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Latitude, Longitude and Associated Metadata The Property Profile Form (PPF) requests the property name, address, city, state and zip. From these address fields, ACRES interfaces with Google Maps and extracts the latitude and longitude (lat/long) for the property location. ACRES sets the remaining property geographic information to default values. The data (known collectively as “metadata”) are required by EPA Data Standards. Should an ACRES user need to be update the metadata, the Edit Fields link on the PPF provides the ability to change the information. Before the metadata were populated by ACRES, the data were entered manually. There may still be the need to do so, for example some properties do not have a specific street address (e.g. a rural property located on a state highway) or an ACRES user may have an exact lat/long that is to be used. This Quick Reference Guide covers how to find latitude and longitude, define the metadata, fill out the associated fields in a Property Work Package, and convert latitude and longitude to decimal degree format. This explains how the metadata were determined prior to September 2011 (when the Google Maps interface was added to ACRES). Definitions Below are definitions of the six data elements for latitude and longitude data that are collected in a Property Work Package. The definitions below are based on text from the EPA Data Standard. Latitude: Is the measure of the angular distance on a meridian north or south of the equator. Latitudinal lines run horizontal around the earth in parallel concentric lines from the equator to each of the poles. -
Position Errors Caused by GPS Height of Instrument Blunders Thomas H
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Department of Natural Resources and the Thomas H. Meyer's Peer-reviewed Articles Environment July 2005 Position Errors Caused by GPS Height of Instrument Blunders Thomas H. Meyer University of Connecticut, [email protected] April Hiscox University of Connecticut Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/thmeyer_articles Recommended Citation Meyer, Thomas H. and Hiscox, April, "Position Errors Caused by GPS Height of Instrument Blunders" (2005). Thomas H. Meyer's Peer-reviewed Articles. 4. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/thmeyer_articles/4 Survey Review, 38, 298 (October 2005) SURVEY REVIEW No.298 October 2005 Vol.38 CONTENTS (part) Position errors caused by GPS height of instrument blunders 262 T H Meyer and A L Hiscox This paper was published in the October 2005 issue of the UK journal, SURVEY REVIEW. This document is the copyright of CASLE. Requests to make copies should be made to the Editor, see www.surveyreview.org for contact details. The Commonwealth Association of Surveying and Land Economy does not necessarily endorse any opinions or recommendations made in an article, review, or extract contained in this Review nor do they necessarily represent CASLE policy CASLE 2005 261 Survey Review, 38, 298 (October 2005 POSITION ERRORS CAUSED BY GPS HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT BLUNDERS POSITION ERRORS CAUSED BY GPS HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT BLUNDERS T. H. Meyer and A. L. Hiscox Department of Natural Resources Management and Engineering University of Connecticut ABSTRACT Height of instrument (HI) blunders in GPS measurements cause position errors. These errors can be pure vertical, pure horizontal, or a mixture of both. -
DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy
Louisiana Transportation Research Center Final Report 539 DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy by Joshua D. Kent Clifford Mugnier J. Anthony Cavell Larry Dunaway Louisiana State University 4101 Gourrier Avenue | Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808 (225) 767-9131 | (225) 767-9108 fax | www.ltrc.lsu.edu TECHNICAL STANDARD PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA/LA.539 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date DOTD Standards for GPS Data Collection Accuracy September 2015 6. Performing Organization Code 127-15-4158 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Kent, J. D., Mugnier, C., Cavell, J. A., & Dunaway, L. Louisiana State University Center for GeoInformatics 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. Center for Geoinformatics Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 11. Contract or Grant No. Louisiana State University LTRC Project Number: 13-6GT Baton Rouge, LA 70803 State Project Number: 30001520 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Louisiana Department of Transportation and Final Report Development 6/30/2014 P.O. Box 94245 Baton Rouge, LA 70804-9245 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 15. Supplementary Notes Conducted in Cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration 16. Abstract The Center for GeoInformatics at Louisiana State University conducted a three-part study addressing accurate, precise, and consistent positional control for the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. First, this study focused on Departmental standards of practice when utilizing Global Navigational Satellite Systems technology for mapping-grade applications. Second, the recent enhancements to the nationwide horizontal and vertical spatial reference framework (i.e., datums) is summarized in order to support consistent and accurate access to the National Spatial Reference System. -
AS/NZS ISO 6709:2008 Standard Representation of Latitude, Longitude
AS/NZS ISO 6709:2008 ISO 6709:1983 AS/NZS ISO 6709:2008 Australian/New Zealand Standard™ Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations AS/NZS ISO 6709:2008 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee IT-004, Geographical Information/Geomatics. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 25 July 2008 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 21 July 2008. This Standard was published on 16 September 2008. The following are represented on Committee IT-004: ACT Planning and Land Authority ANZLIC - the Spatial Information Council Australian Antarctic Division Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Hydrographic Office Australian Key Centre In Land Information Studies Australian Map Circle Australian Spatial Information Business Association CSIRO Exploration & Mining Department for Administrative and Information Services (SA) Department of Defence (Australia) Department of Lands NSW Department of Natural Resources and Water (Qld) Department of Planning and Infrastructure (NT) Department of Primary Industries and Water Tasmania Department of Sustainability and Environment (Victoria) Geoscience Australia InterGovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping Land Information New Zealand Office of Spatial Data Management Western Australian Land Information System Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. -
What Are Geodetic Survey Markers?
Part I Introduction to Geodetic Survey Markers, and the NGS / USPS Recovery Program Stf/C Greg Shay, JN-ACN United States Power Squadrons / America’s Boating Club Sponsor: USPS Cooperative Charting Committee Revision 5 - 2020 Part I - Topics Outline 1. USPS Geodetic Marker Program 2. What are Geodetic Markers 3. Marker Recovery & Reporting Steps 4. Coast Survey, NGS, and NOAA 5. Geodetic Datums & Control Types 6. How did Markers get Placed 7. Surveying Methods Used 8. The National Spatial Reference System 9. CORS Modernization Program Do you enjoy - Finding lost treasure? - the excitement of the hunt? - performing a valuable public service? - participating in friendly competition? - or just doing a really fun off-water activity? If yes , then participation in the USPS Geodetic Marker Recovery Program may be just the thing for you! The USPS Triangle and Civic Service Activities USPS Cooperative Charting / Geodetic Programs The Cooperative Charting Program (Nautical) and the Geodetic Marker Recovery Program (Land Based) are administered by the USPS Cooperative Charting Committee. USPS Cooperative Charting / Geodetic Program An agreement first executed between USPS and NOAA in 1963 The USPS Geodetic Program is a separate program from Nautical and was/is not part of the former Cooperative Charting agreement with NOAA. What are Geodetic Survey Markers? Geodetic markers are highly accurate surveying reference points established on the surface of the earth by local, state, and national agencies – mainly by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS). NGS maintains a database of all markers meeting certain criteria. Common Synonyms Mark for “Survey Marker” Marker Marker Station Note: the words “Geodetic”, Benchmark* “Survey” or Station “Geodetic Survey” Station Mark may precede each synonym. -
Understanding Coordinate Systems and Map Projections (Pdf)
UNDERSTANDING COORDINATE SYSTEMS AND MAP PROJECTIONS PhD Evelyn Uuemaa The lecture is largely based on FOSS4G Academy Curriculum materials licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License LEARNING OUTCOMES • Define the terms: • PCS • GCS • Projection method • Select the appropriate projection system based on a region of interest • Correctly project data sets to a new spatial reference system when needed. • Demonstrate an understanding that no matter how we project spherical data (3D) onto a plane (2D), there will be distortion. WHY DO YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS? • Spatial data – related to certain location • Globes are great for visualisation purposes, they are not practical for many uses, one reason being that they are not very portable • A round Earth does not fit without distortion on a flat piece of paper SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM (SRS) OR COORDINATE REFERENCE SYSTEM (CRS) • Spatial Reference Systems, also referred to as Coordinate Systems, include two common types: Geographic Coordinate Sytems (GCS) Projected Coordinate Systems (PCS) • A Spatial Reference System Identifier (SRID) is a unique value used to unambiguously identify projected, unprojected, and local spatial coordinate system definitions. These coordinate systems form the heart of all GIS applications. (wiki) SPATIAL REFERENCE SYSTEM IDENTIFIER (SRID) • Virtually all major spatial vendors have created their own SRID implementation or refer to those of an authority, such as the European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG). • SRIDs are the primary key for the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) spatial_ref_sys metadata table for the Simple Features for SQL Specification. • In spatially enabled databases (such as MySQL, PostGIS), SRIDs are used to uniquely identify the coordinate systems used to define columns of spatial data or individual spatial objects in a spatial column. -
Swath-Bathymetric-Mapping-2006
Swath-bathymetric mapping Steffen Gauger, Gerhard Kuhn, Thomas Feigl, Polina Lemenkova To cite this version: Steffen Gauger, Gerhard Kuhn, Thomas Feigl, Polina Lemenkova. Swath-bathymetric mapping. Ex- pedition ANTARKTIS-XXIII/4 of the research vessel ”Polarstern” in 2006, The Alfred Wegener In- stitute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research is located in Bremerhaven, Germany, 2007, Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 557, pp.38-45. hal-02022076 HAL Id: hal-02022076 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02022076 Submitted on 17 Feb 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons CC0 - Public Domain Dedication| 4.0 International License XX. SWATH-BATHYMETRIC MAPPING (S. Gauger, G. Kuhn, T. Feigl, P. Lemenkova) Objectives The main objective of the bathymetric working group was to perform high resolution multibeam surveys during the entire cruise for geomorphological interpretation, to locate geological sampling sites, to interpret magnetic and gravimetric measurements and to expand the world database for oceanic mapping. Precise depth measurements are the basis for creating high resolution models of the sea surface. The morphology of the seabed, interpreted from bathymetric models, gives information about the geological processes on the earth surface. -
Latitude / Longitude the Equator and Parallels of Latitude Longitude the Prime Meridian
Latitude / Longitude The Equator and Parallels of Latitude Longitude The Prime Meridian • Today the world has agreed the the Prime Meridian or 0° line of longitude runs through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England. • Prior to the 1884 International Meridian Conference, most countries defined their own prime meridian running through their own capital city. • The French did not abandon use of their prime meridian, which ran through the Paris Observatory, until 1911. Longitude was difficult to measure at sea • Your longitude is the time difference between high noon at a known longitude (A ship’s home port for example.) and high noon at your current location. • How many degrees does a one hour time difference represent? No Clock No Longitude H3 John Harrison 1740-1757 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Ministry of Defence Art Collection H4 John Harrison 1755-1759 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, Ministry of Defence Art Collection If the history of navigation intrigues you, I’d suggest you read… • Longitude: The true story of a lone genius who solved the greatest scientific problem of his time. • By Dava Sobel • Also as a PBS Nova show. – On DVD, Netflix has it. Degrees, Minutes, and Seconds • Because measurement of latitude & longitude were so closely tied to time, it made sense to subdivide degrees into minutes and seconds. • A degree is made up of 60 minutes • A minute is made up of 60 seconds DDD° MM' SS" • A latitude / longitude coordinate would be written like… N 37° 22' 30" W 122° 15' 45" W DDD° MM' SS" • A latitude / longitude coordinate would be written like… N 37° 22' 30" W 122° 15' 45" DDD° MM.MMM' • It is now common place to write lat / lon coordinates in a “decimal minutes” format. -
Lesson 1 Brief: Are We There Yet
Are We There Yet? Mapping It Out with Latitude and Longitude Grade Level Content Standards for 6-8th Subjects Physical Science or Earth & Space Science Duration Preparation: Minimum (<15 min) Activity: 1.5 hour class time Setting Classroom with internet and PowerPoint Objectives: In this lesson students will: 1. Be able to explain the concepts of geographic coordinates, latitude and longitude 2. Calculate distances on a map 3. Understand the distortions and differences between types of 3D and 2D maps Activity Summary In this lesson, students will be introduced to locating points on Earth using geographic coordinates. They will be introduced to the types of models used to understand the shape and locations on Earth’s surface. Students will get to engage in fun activities like creating their own paper globe, finding the geographic locations of famous cities, using a compass and calculating the travel time to Disneyland. Materials ● PowerPoint Presentation ● Globe o Or access to Google Earth ● Activity: Construct a paper globe o Paper o Heavy cardboard o Scissors o Tape or glue ● Worksheet: Latitude and Longitude ● Atlas (optional, if available) ● Navigational compass (optional, if available) ● Video: U.S. National Grid Activity Procedure Engage - The Earth as a Map [Slides 1-3] Holding a globe or looking at Google Earth [link from Slide 3], demonstrate to the students that Earth is a sphere, and we can locate standard points on the surface using geographic coordinates measured in degrees. These geographic coordinates are either calculated from the angular distances of the Earth’s Page 1 Version 2.0 center to the surface of the Earth (latitude) or of the angular distances rotating around the poles from a set point (longitude). -
How to Locate a Fire
Determining Correct Locations for Fuels Projects and Fires How to answer question 9k on a 1202 form: Question 9 k has three parts: 1. Coordinate system: either L/L (latitude and longitude) or UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) coordinates 2. L/L coordinates: you must record the map datum*, in addition to the latitude and longitude in decimal degrees, degrees, decimal minutes or degrees, minutes, and seconds (circle lat/long format and enter coordinates). 3. UTM coordinates: must record the map datum*, you must record the UTM zone, in addition to the Easting and Northing coordinates. L/L: What’s Latitude and Longitude? What are the three the Latitude and Longitude formats? How do you convert between them? What are DD, DD:MM.MMM, and DD:MM:SS.S on the 1202 form? Latitude always measures north and south, and longitude always measures east and west. Latitude lines run east and west and are parallel across the earth's surface so think of them as the rungs of a ladder (as in "ladder"-tude). Think of lines of longitude that stretch from the North Pole to the South Pole as "long." Prime Meridian (Longitude) 30º N 10º N 0º 0º 10º S 0º Equator (Latitude) Point of Origin *Note: Map Datum is determined from data source. USGS topographic map usually displays map datum in bottom corner. Web-based tools let the user choose datum. GPS set-up menu lets the user choose datum. In ArcView, calculated and displayed coordinates are the same datum as the base GIS data in the view.