Civil Rights Activity Book
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Witness for Freedom: Curriculum Guide for Using Primary Documents
WITNESS FOR FREEDOM A Curriculum Guide for Using Primary Documents to teach Abolitionist History By Wendy Kohler and Gaylord Saulsberry Published by The Five College Public School Partnership 97 Spring Street, Amherst, MA 01002 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Witness for Freedom project began in 1995 with the vision of Christine Compston, then Director of the National History Education Network. She approached Mary Alice Wilson at the Five College Public School Partnership with the idea of developing an institute for social studies teachers that would introduce them to the documents recently published by C. Peter Ripley in Witness for Freedom: African American Voices on Race, Slavery, and Emancipation. Together they solicited the participation of David Blight, Professor of History at Amherst College, and author of Frederick Douglass’ Civil War: Keeping Faith in Jubilee. The Witness for Freedom Summer Institute was held in 1996 under their direction and involved twenty teachers from Western Massachusetts. The project was made possible by a grant from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission of the National Archives with additional support from the Nan and Matilda Heydt Fund of the Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts. The publication of this guide by Wendy Kohler and Gaylord Saulsberry of the Amherst Public Schools offers specific guidance for Massachusetts teachers and district personnel concerned with aligning classroom instruction with the state curriculum frameworks. The Five College Public School Partnership thanks all of the above for their involvement in this project. Additional copies of this guide and the Witness for Freedom Handbook for Professional Development are available from the Five College Public School Partnership, 97 Spring Street, Amherst, MA 01002. -
James Reeb.When Uus and Justice Meet
1 Part I. Introduction: When UUs and History Meet In the summer of 2006, while I was a seminarian at Meadville Lombard Theological School in Chicago, I had the opportunity to join the recently retired Reverend Gordon Gibson, his wife Judy, and thirty fellow UU ministers and ministers-in-training, for a tour of the deep south. Gordon named it a Southern Civil Rights Tour. In the mid-1960s, Reverend Gibson’s first ministerial call was to the UU church in Jackson Mississippi. During the years he and Judy lived and worked in Mississippi, they had the opportunity to meet and work with many of the leaders of and participants in the Civil Rights Movement who had been every degree of activists, some since the 1950s. Many of these men and women had grandparents who were slaves, and parents who grew up in the post-Civil War South and the reality of Jim Crow. Every black person we met, including our bus driver Joseph, were ‘foot soldiers’ during those turbulent times. All generations of local residents marched, were arrested, were chased by the KKK, were beaten and even killed, but they never gave up trying to register at their local courthouse so they could vote. Our 8-day itinerary would take us to Nashville; then to Birmingham and the 16th Avenue Baptist Church where we attended the Sunday service with folks who were there on April 29, 1963, when the four elementary school girls were putting on their choir robes for church and were suddenly blown apart by a KKK bomb; to Marion Mississippi (the childhood home of Coretta Scott King); to Selma and -
MO4VR Response to VRAA Intro
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE August 17, 2021 CONTACT [email protected] March On for Voting Rights Responds to John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act Introduction in the House Martin Luther King III, Arndrea Waters King, Rev. Al Sharpton, Andi Pringle and other voting rights leaders organize mass mobilization to pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act Washington, D.C. — Today, standing on the Edmund Pettus Bridge, Congresswoman Terri Sewell (D-AL) introduced the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act, which will restore critical provisions of the Voting Rights Act gutted by the Supreme Court. Expected to receive a vote in the House of Representatives next week, the bill will help stem the rush of attacks on voting rights across the country by ensuring that states with a recent history of voter discrimination are once again subject to federal oversight. March On for Voting Rights will call on the Senate to pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act and the For the People Act on Saturday, August 28, when millions join the March On for Voting Rights in D.C., Phoenix, Atlanta, Houston, Miami and more than 40 other cities across the country to make their voices heard. Marchers will also call for the Senate to remove the filibuster as a roadblock to critical voting rights legislation. Rev. Al Sharpton, President and Founder of National Action Network, commented in response: “If you want to understand why the vote is so important, look at the last 4 years, the last 10 years, and the last 100 years. Freedom fighter and Congressman John Lewis knew it was essential that every vote must count in order to assure every voice is represented, but unfortunately through federal voter suppression and gerrymandering, that hasn’t been the case. -
“A Tremor in the Middle of the Iceberg”: the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Local Voting Rights Activism in Mccomb, Mississippi, 1928-1964
“A Tremor in the Middle of the Iceberg”: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Local Voting Rights Activism in McComb, Mississippi, 1928-1964 Alec Ramsay-Smith A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONORS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN April 1, 2016 Advised by Professor Howard Brick For Dana Lynn Ramsay, I would not be here without your love and wisdom, And I miss you more every day. TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... ii Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One: McComb and the Beginnings of Voter Registration .......................... 10 Chapter Two: SNCC and the 1961 McComb Voter Registration Drive .................. 45 Chapter Three: The Aftermath of the McComb Registration Drive ........................ 78 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 102 Bibliography ................................................................................................................. 119 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I could not have done this without my twin sister Hunter Ramsay-Smith, who has been a constant source of support and would listen to me rant for hours about documents I would find or things I would learn in the course of my research for the McComb registration -
The Attorney General's Ninth Annual Report to Congress Pursuant to The
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S NINTH ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS PURSUANT TO THE EMMETT TILL UNSOLVED CIVIL RIGHTS CRIME ACT OF 2007 AND THIRD ANNUALREPORT TO CONGRESS PURSUANT TO THE EMMETT TILL UNSOLVEDCIVIL RIGHTS CRIMES REAUTHORIZATION ACT OF 2016 March 1, 2021 INTRODUCTION This is the ninth annual Report (Report) submitted to Congress pursuant to the Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crime Act of2007 (Till Act or Act), 1 as well as the third Report submitted pursuant to the Emmett Till Unsolved Civil Rights Crimes Reauthorization Act of 2016 (Reauthorization Act). 2 This Report includes information about the Department of Justice's (Department) activities in the time period since the eighth Till Act Report, and second Reauthorization Report, which was dated June 2019. Section I of this Report summarizes the historical efforts of the Department to prosecute cases involving racial violence and describes the genesis of its Cold Case Int~~ative. It also provides an overview ofthe factual and legal challenges that federal prosecutors face in their "efforts to secure justice in unsolved Civil Rights-era homicides. Section II ofthe Report presents the progress made since the last Report. It includes a chart ofthe progress made on cases reported under the initial Till Act and under the Reauthorization Act. Section III of the Report provides a brief overview of the cases the Department has closed or referred for preliminary investigation since its last Report. Case closing memoranda written by Department attorneys are available on the Department's website: https://www.justice.gov/crt/civil-rights-division-emmett till-act-cold-ca e-clo ing-memoranda. -
Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 116 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 116 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 165 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 13, 2019 No. 45 House of Representatives The House met at 10 a.m. and was Comer, where he was one of seven sib- have been positively affected by the called to order by the Speaker pro tem- lings. He was born in Rock Hill, South giving and donations to Christian pore (Mr. SOTO). Carolina, where he attended Oak Ridge causes, such as the men’s shelters and f Elementary School and later served in the Boys and Girls Clubs, will be re- the United States Merchant Marines. membered for years to come. DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO He was married to Francis Watkins The company is now being run by his TEMPORE Comer for 64 years and had two chil- son, Chip Comer, and the legacy of his The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- dren, Brenda Comer Sutton and Leon father can be summed up by the words fore the House the following commu- ‘‘Chip’’ Comer, Jr. of Chip when he said the following: nication from the Speaker: Leon Comer believed in the value of ‘‘My father is the epitome of what I WASHINGTON, DC, hard work and, after working as a man- would always want to be, as he taught March 13, 2019. ager of a beer distributor in the greater me so many life lessons growing up.’’ I hereby appoint the Honorable DARREN Rock Hill market for 12 years, he Leon Comer left an indelible imprint SOTO to act as Speaker pro tempore on this founded Comer Distributing in 1971, on the many lives that he touched, and day. -
New Histories of the Civil Rights Era," Journal of Southern Histo‐ Ry, (November 2000), 843
Charles W. Eagles. Outside Agitator: Jon Daniels and the Civil Rights Movement in Alabama. Tuscaloosa and London: University of Alabama Press, 2000. xi + 335 pp. $24.95, paper, ISBN 978-0-8173-1069-1. Reviewed by George Baca Published on H-South (May, 2002) Up From Romanticism: New Histories of the On August 16, 1965, Tom Coleman, a ffty-two Civil Rights year old white Alabaman shot Jon Daniels, an Thirty-five years after the passage of the Civil Episcopal seminarian from New Hampshire. The Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of stories of these two men and the local historical 1965, scholars are gradually moving away from context of Lowndes County, Alabama--an impov‐ romantic narratives of the Movement to more ju‐ erished black belt agriculture area that remained dicious examinations of the history of African a hotbed of resistance even after the 1965 voting Americans' struggle for Civil Rights. Gone is the rights act--provide the plot and setting for Eagles' idealistic optimism that the passage of Civil Rights provocative narrative that sheds light not only on legislation would erase the color line. Instead, this Civil Rights activist, but also on the social con‐ scholars are beginning to explore how such legis‐ text that produced such intense reaction to inte‐ lation has redrawn the color line and reconstitut‐ gration throughout the South. His analysis, more‐ ed racial subordination through the principle of over, illuminates a local struggle for civil rights at racial equality.[1] The emergence over the past the same time that the Federal government was decade of this more critical reading of the Civil gradually consolidating the Movement within the Rights Era has led historians to turn their atten‐ bureaucratic institutions of the State. -
News Article "Mississippi Horror: a Doctor's Report"
~lJfOPSY ON RIGHTS CRUSADER )ff. W~"t, Mississippi HorrOrrr:,;:, But I wos disappolnted, too, .r I hecause I wouldn't ha.\'e a chance now 1o do something th 1 that rnl~ht help find the mur· r? A Doctor's Report ' 1 derers of those kids, Good· l rich, when he came on the .,._ phone, resoh·ed my amblva· il BY DAY1D 8PAIX, :'.\I.D. I was as surprised by the post· unteer for the Medical Com· t lent feelings for me. fj C09Yright 19'4, The Layman's Pren midnight call as I would have mittee for Human Rights. Reprinttcl bY Permission "Get d0\\'11 here anyway. g . been if I looked out the win· "Dave, can. you get dov,n Take the late plane. There's y The phone rang about 1 :30 dow and saw my ailing out here, right away?" something tunny g o i n g on a .m. I had just gone to sleep, board motor running a.round "To Mississippi?" about this business. I think r after a restless hour In bed by itself in the bay. "Immediately. The autopsy we may be able to arrange conjugating tour days of utter • • • for you to examine the bodies t failure to get my outboard for those three kids Is sched· THE OPERATOR said Jack· uJed fo r tomorrow, and the later. It may all be a Wild J motor running, and I walked son, Miss., was call!ng. goose chase, but let's try." i half-asleep down the dark hall attorneys for :Mrs. -
Viewer's Guide
SELMA T H E BRIDGE T O T H E BALLOT TEACHING TOLERANCE A PROJECT OF THE SOUTHERN POVERTY LAW CENTER VIEWER’S GUIDE GRADES 6-12 Selma: The Bridge to the Ballot is the story of a courageous group of Alabama students and teachers who, along with other activists, fought a nonviolent battle to win voting rights for African Americans in the South. Standing in their way: a century of Jim Crow, a resistant and segregationist state, and a federal govern- ment slow to fully embrace equality. By organizing and marching bravely in the face of intimidation, violence, arrest and even murder, these change-makers achieved one of the most significant victories of the civil rights era. The 40-minute film is recommended for students in grades 6 to 12. The Viewer’s Guide supports classroom viewing of Selma with background information, discussion questions and lessons. In Do Something!, a culminating activity, students are encouraged to get involved locally to promote voting and voter registration. For more information and updates, visit tolerance.org/selma-bridge-to-ballot. Send feedback and ideas to [email protected]. Contents How to Use This Guide 4 Part One About the Film and the Selma-to-Montgomery March 6 Part Two Preparing to Teach with Selma: The Bridge to the Ballot 16 Part Three Before Viewing 18 Part Four During Viewing 22 Part Five After Viewing 32 Part Six Do Something! 37 Part Seven Additional Resources 41 Part Eight Answer Keys 45 Acknowledgements 57 teaching tolerance tolerance.org How to Use This Guide Selma: The Bridge to the Ballot is a versatile film that can be used in a variety of courses to spark conversations about civil rights, activism, the proper use of government power and the role of the citizen. -
Mississippi Freedom Summer: Compromising Safety in the Midst of Conflict
Mississippi Freedom Summer: Compromising Safety in the Midst of Conflict Chu-Yin Weng and Joanna Chen Junior Division Group Documentary Process Paper Word Count: 494 This year, we started school by learning about the Civil Rights Movement in our social studies class. We were fascinated by the events that happened during this time of discrimination and segregation, and saddened by the violence and intimidation used by many to oppress African Americans and deny them their Constitutional rights. When we learned about the Mississippi Summer Project of 1964, we were inspired and shocked that there were many people who were willing to compromise their personal safety during this conflict in order to achieve political equality for African Americans in Mississippi. To learn more, we read the book, The Freedom Summer Murders, by Don Mitchell. The story of these volunteers remained with us, and when this year’s theme of “Conflict and Compromise” was introduced, we thought that the topic was a perfect match and a great opportunity for us to learn more. This is also a meaningful topic because of the current state of race relations in America. Though much progress has been made, events over the last few years, including a 2013 Supreme Court decision that could impact voting rights, show the nation still has a way to go toward achieving full racial equality. In addition to reading The Freedom Summer Murders, we used many databases and research tools provided by our school to gather more information. We also used various websites and documentaries, such as PBS American Experience, Library Of Congress, and Eyes on the Prize. -
A a HISTORY of the CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT and THOSE WHO DIED in the STRUGGLE
' . .. PUBLJSJ!ED BY TllE CIVJl RIGt-iTS Eoucxn oN PROJECT ' \; THE SouTJ 1ER\ PovERW LAw CENTER , .t_ ' .' ." .. ~ ' I• . ' .... } ' ' <J,' ' '" "'. ~' . ' • '• .. -,, <.... '' •' . ., " ,. '. J a A HISTORY OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT AND THOSE WHO DIED IN THE STRUGGLE I 1' . ' STAFF: Executive Editor: Sara Bullard Civil Rights History Editor: Julian Bond Manuscript Editors: ). Ri chard Cohen Steve Fiffer Design Director: Susan Hulme/ \Xlright One day the South In Montgome1y, Alabama, groundswell of suppon from in 1989, a memorial was built ordina1y people who had Senior Researcher: will recognize its Joseph T Roy Sr. to commemorate the achieve never before been politically real heroes. ments of the civil rights era involved. Researchers: and to honor those who died The actions of politicia Jeff Richburg -Martin Luther King Jr., in Charles Blevins "Lette r From Birmillgham City J ail" during that struggl e. A few of and judges helped speed the Ca thy Lane the victims were well known transformation that occurred Nancy Britnell Barbara Blank - Medgar Evers, Martin Luther during those 14 yea rs. But it King Jr. - but there were was the courage of people Ii Pre-Production Manager many whose names you cou ld \Xfha rlest Jackson w ho lost Betty Pmvell not find in the histo1y books: their lives in the struggle that Proofreader: John Earl Reese, Willie made that transformation Gayle Brya nt Edwards, Clarence Triggs. inevitable. Along with a histo1y of Some of these ma1tyrs the civil rights movement, the were not killed because of stories of those who died are anything they personally did. told here. Their lives serve as but because they represented. -
Emmett Till Cold Case Investigation and Training and Technical Assistance Program” Hosted by the Bureau of Justice Assistance
MARY JO GIOVACCHINI: Good afternoon everybody and welcome to today's webinar “Emmett Till Cold Case Investigation and Training and Technical Assistance Program” hosted by the Bureau of Justice Assistance. At this time, I'd like to introduce today's presenters: Elizabeth Griffith, Associate Deputy Director with the Bureau of Justice Assistance; Barbara Kay Bosserman, Deputy Chief of the Cold Case Unit and Senior Legal Counsel with the U.S. Department of Justice; LaShunda Williams, Supervisory Special Agent Civil Rights Division within the Bureau of—in the Federal Bureau of Investigation; and Gerri Ratliff, Acting Director for Community Relations Service within the Department of Justice. At this time I'm going to turn the presentation over to Betsi Griffith. ELIZABETH GRIFFITH: Good afternoon and thank you. I'm Betsi Griffith from the Bureau of Justice Assistance. I just want to lay out here the agenda for today. We're going to spend a little bit of time talking about the agency who's offering this opportunity, the Bureau of Justice Assistance where I work, talk a little bit about the particular opportunity including eligibility and grant-related information, and some background on how we review our applications to assist you in applying. This project has—is really building on the foundation of some tremendous work that's been happening across the Department over the last decade so I really want to turn it over to subject matter expertise that can kind of give you that context and are available to work with sites that receive funding or generally have an interest in this work so I wanted you all to be aware of that, and then we'll close with a few minutes around, you know, just logistics of both things that we've learned from experience you want to keep an eye out for as you apply as well as to talk briefly about our new Grants Management System, and answer question and—answer any questions you have.