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Plants for Wildlife-Friendly Gardens, to Attract Birds, Bees

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Plants for Wildlife-Friendly Gardens, to Attract Birds, Bees Plants to attract birds to your garden All trees and shrubs provide shelter, nesting sites and nesting material. Plants with nectar-rich flowers provide food for nectar-feeders. Plants with fleshy fruits and seeds provide food for fruit- and seed-eaters. Plants with flowers and fruits also attract insects, which attract insect-eating birds. Proteaceae Schefflera umbellifera Freylinia undulata Leucospermum - all fynbos Schotia brachypetala Halleria elliptica species, cultivars and hybrids: Searsia spp. Lobostemon belliformis Protea - all fynbos species Sideroxylon inerme Ochna serrulata cultivars and hybrids: Syzygium spp. Osyris compressa Vepris lanceolata Pavetta spp. Trees Virgilia divaricata Psychotria capensis Acacia spp. Virgilia oroboides Rhamnus prinoides Apodytes dimidiata Salvia spp. Canthium inerme Climbers Searsia spp Cassine peragua Podranea ricasoliana Strelitzia reginae Cunonia capensis Rhoicissus digitata Strelitzia juncea Curtisia dentata Tecomaria capensis Cussonia spp. Ericaceae Chrysophyllum viridifolium Ericas with tubular Bulbs Cryptocarya spp. flowers e.g. Chasmanthe spp. Diospyros lycioides Erica abietina Kniphofia spp. Diospyros whyteana Erica baueri Veltheimia bracteata Dovyalis caffra Erica brachialis Watsonia spp. Ekebergia capensis Erica cerinthoides Englerophytum natalense Erica coccinea Herbaceous Perennial Erythrina caffra Erica diaphana Hypoestes aristata Erythrina latissima Erica discolor Leonotis leonurus Erythrina lysistemon Erica glandulosa Phygelius aequalis Euclea crispa Erica mammosa Phygelius capensis Euclea natalensis Erica patersonii Ficus spp. Erica perspicua Annuals Grewia occidentalis Erica pinea Arcotis spp. Greyia spp. Erica plukenetii Halleria lucida Erica regia Grasses Ilex mitis Erica sessiliflora Many species e.g. Kiggelaria africana Erica speciosa Melinis repens Loxostylis alata Erica versicolor Maytenus acuminata Erica verticillata Succulents Mimusops zeyheri Aloe most spp. including: Ochna natalitia Shrubs Aloe arborescens Olea capensis Carissa spp. Aloe ferox Olea europaea subsp. africana Chrysanthemoides monilifera Aloe pluridens Olea exasperata Coddia rudis Cotyledon orbiculata Pappea capensis Diospyros scabrida Gasteria spp. Podocarpus spp. Freylinia densiflora Tylecodon grandiflorus Psychotria capensis Freylinia helmei Rapanea melanophloeos Freylinia lanceolata Plants to attract birds Chameleon friendly gardening and plants Chameleons need a large area to roam – involve your neighbors and create a series of linked gardens to give them a large enough habitat. They need good vegetation cover and a mix of plants of different sizes, including small plants with fine thin stems to provide perches for juveniles, and larger shrubs to provide more sturdy perches for older chameleons. Chameleons don’t like large lawns, reduce or replace it with shrubs or groundcovers. Chameleons eat insects, so to encourage them you have to become insect-friendly. Stop using insecticides – they kill chameleons directly, by poisoning, and indirectly, by eliminating insects, their food source. Lay biodegradable mulch, leave logs to decay and keep a compost heap – all of which provide food and breeding places for insects that chameleons prey on. Grow plants that attract their prey, e.g. flowers or fruits that butterflies or other insects feed on and/or plants that insects breed on. Exclude domestic cats from the Garden, they kill chameleons. Fiscal Shrikes (=Jackie Hangman or Butcher Bird) is also a predator of chameleons. AVOID barbed wire and plants with large thorns, such as Acacia karroo, because Fiscal Shrikes use the thorns to impale their chameleon prey. PERENNIALS & SHRUBS with Elegia cuspidata, E.fistulosa, Diospyros lycioides thin stems (to provide perches E.equisetacea, E.persistens, Diospyros whyteana for juveniles): E.tectorum (=Chondropetalum Dodonaea viscosa, Berzelia and Brunia spp. tectorum), E.nuda, and many D.angustifolia Buchus: Agathosma spp, more Grewia spp. Acmadenia spp. Coleonema Scabiosa spp. Heteropyxis natalensis spp., Diosma spp. Searsia spp. (= Rhus spp.) Leucadendron spp. e.g. Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis S.crenata, S.lucida, S.nebulosa, L.xanthoconus (Renosterbos) S.refracta Olea europaea ssp africana Erica spp. – any species Serruria aemula, S. fucifolia, Phylica buxifolia Euryops annae S.villosa Podocarpus latifolius, P. Euryops virgineus Struthiola spp. elongatus Gnidia squarrosa & Gnidia Protea spp. with small leaves oppositifolia LARGE SHRUBS AND TREES e.g. Protea repens Leucadendrons with small with thicker stems (perches Restios – with thicker stems narrow leaves such as L. for adults) and/or that such as Elegia capensis, Restio linifolium, L.levisanus, L. provide dense cover: subverticillata (=Ischyrolepis salignum Afrocarpus falcatus subverticillata) Ocimum labiatum (=Podocarpus falcatus) Searsia spp (= Rhus spp.) Pelargonium spp. with small Buddleja auriculata, B.saligna, including leaves B.salviifolia S. lancea, S. viminalis Phylica ericoides Chrysanthemoides monilifera Sideroxylon inerme Protea scolymocephala Crotalaria capensis – Syzygium pondoense Restios – Thamnochortus chameleons feed on the bachmannii, T.insignis, butterflies that breed on it T.pluristachyus, T.spicigerus, Diospyros glabra Chameleon-friendly plants Plants to provide food for honeybees Honeybees feed on nectar (carbohydrates) and pollen (protein) from a wide variety of flowering plants. While the honeybee forages for nectar and pollen it transfers pollen from one flower to another, providing the service of pollination, which allows the plant to produce seeds. However, bees don’t pollinate all flowers that they visit. This list is based on observations of bees visiting flowers in Kirstenbosch NBG, and on a variety of references, in particular the following: Plant of the Week articles on www.PlantZAfrica.com Johannsmeier, M.F. 2005. Beeplants of the South-Western Cape, Nectar and pollen sources of honeybees (revised and expanded). Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook No. 17. Agricultural Research Council, Plant Protection Research Institute, Pretoria, South Africa Annuals Geranium incanum Selago canescens Arctotis fastuosa Geranium multisectum Selago villicaulis ‘Purple Turtle’ Arctotis hirsuta Geranium sanguineum Senecio glastifolius Arctotis venusta Helichrysum argyrophyllum Senecio halimifolius Carpanthea pomeridiana Helichrysum cymosum Senecio lineatus Ceratotheca triloba (& Helichrysum dasyanthum Senecio rigidus carpenter bees) Helichrysum foetidum Senecio macrocephalus Dimorphotheca pluvialis Helichrysum odoratissimum Chaenostoma caeruleum (= Dimorphotheca sinuata Helichrysum patulum Sutera caerulea) Dorotheanthus bellidiformis Helichrysum petiolare Chaenostoma cordata (= Felicia dubia Helichrysum umbraculigerum Sutera cordata) Felicia elongata Hemizygia see Syncolostemon Chaenostoma hispida Felicia heterophylla Hermannia pinnata Chaenostoma pauciflora Heliophila coronopifolia Hermannia saccifera Syncolostemon spp. Nemesia strumosa Lasiospermum bipinnatum (=Hemizygia spp.) Senecio elegans Leonotis leonurus Syncolostemon latidens Ursinia spp. Lessertia frutescens Syncolostemon obermeyerae (=Sutherlandia) Syncolostemon transvaalensis Herbaceous perennials & Lobelia coronopifolia Ursinia abrotanifolia groundcovers Lobelia pinifolia Ursinia sericea Aerva leucura Mentha longifolia Wahlenbergia rivularis Anchusa capensis Monopsis lutea Walafrida nitida Aptenia cordifolia Monopsis unidentata Arctotis arctotoides Ocimum labiatum Shrubs Arctotis stoechadifolia (=Orthosiphon amabilis, O. Anisodontea julii Artemisia afra labiatus) Anisodontea scabrosa Asparagus spp. incl. A. Osteospermum spp. Aspalathus spp. densiflorus Otholobium virgatum Athanasia crithmifolia Barleria obtusa (=O.decumbens) Athanasia dentata Berkheya spp. Pycnostachys reticulata Barleria obtusa Cotula sericea Pycnostachys urticifolia Bauhinia spp. Diascia spp. Salvia aurita Berzelia lanuginosa Dimorphotheca cuneata Salvia disermas Brunia albiflora Dissotis princeps (carpenter Salvia repens Brunia noduliflora bees) Scabiosa africana Buddleja auriculata Eumorphia prostrata Scabiosa columbaria Buddleja loricata Felicia spp. Scabiosa drakensbergensis Buddleja saligna Gazania spp. Scabiosa incisa Buddleja salviifolia Geranium drakensbergensis Selago corymbosa Plants that feed honeybees Calobota cytisoides (=Lebeckia Morella cordifolia (male Tecomaria capensis cytisoides) plants) (=Myrica cordifolia) Tetradenia riparia Calobota sericea (=Lebeckia Muraltia spinosa (=Nylandtia Vernonia spp. sericea) spinosa) Wiborgia spp. Chrysanthemoides incana Muraltia spp. Chrysanthemoides monilifera Nymania capensis Climbers Chrysocoma coma-aurea Ochna serrulata Asparagus spp. Clerodendrum myricoides Oldenburgia grandis Clematis brachiata Clerodendrum ugandense Otholobium fruticans Dialium schlechteri Cliffortia ilicifolia Orphium frutescens (& Podranea ricasoliana Cliffortia odorata carpenter bees) (carpenter bees) Cliffortia ruscifolia Otholobium hirtum Rhoicissus digitata Commiphora spp. Othonna spp Rhoicissus tomentosa Crotalaria capensis Passerina spp. Senecio macroglossus Cussonia spp. Pavetta spp. Senecio tamoides Cyclopia spp. Phylica ericoides Thunbergia alata Didelta carnosa Phylica pubescens Didelta spinosa Phylica purpurea Aquatic Plants Dombeya spp. Podalyria calyptrata (& Aponogeton distachyos Dovyalis caffra carpenter bees) Mentha aquatica Eriocephalus africanus Podalyria sericea Nymphaea nouchali var. Eriocephalus ericoides Polygala fruticosa caerulea Euryops abrotanifolius Polygala myrtifolia Nymphoides indica
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