Silva Balcanica, 20(1)/2019 DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8235389

New records of Lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) to and montenegro with notes on the distribution of the family Lonchaeidae for the Balkan Peninsula

Mihail Kechev Forest Research Institute - Sofia Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Mario Langourov National Museum of Natural History – Sofia Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Two species of the family Lonchaeidae (Lonchaea peregrina and Silba fumosa) are recorded as new to the fauna of Bulgaria and one lonchaeid (Lonchaea affinis) is recorded as new to Montenegro and also to the Balkan Peninsula. With these data the number of the Bulgarian lonchaeids is 5 species and for Montenegro is 3. For the Balkan Peninsula the family Lonchaeidae is not well studied and it is average investigated only in Greece where the fauna presents 22 species up to now. The entire number of Lonchaeidae species for the Balkan Peninsula is 26. Key words: Bulgaria, Montenegro, Lonchaeidae, fauna, new records

Introduction

Family Lonchaeidae, also called Lance flies encompasses small insects with metallic green, blue or black colored body. The lonchaeids inhabit mainly wooded areas. According to MacGowan (2017) the World fauna is presented with 587 lonchaeids, divided into 9 genera. In Europe the family is presented with two subfamilies encompasses 8 genera with about 100 species. This family has not been subject of special investigation in Bulgaria and Montenegro and records from these countries are scarce. In Fauna Europaea database is mentioned Dasiops latifrons (Meigen, 1826) for Bulgaria (Carles-Tolra, 2017). MacGowan (2017) listed Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956 for Montenegro and Lonchaea carpathica Kovalev, 1974 for Bulgaria and Montenegro. Doychev et. al. (2016) published Lonchaea fugax Becker, 1895 found in larvae galleries of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Vitosha Mountain, Bulgaria.

85 Material and Methods

The material was collected in 2002 and 2006 by Malaise traps and tree traps by the second author (Table 1) from Kalimantsi village situated in South Pirin Mountains and Pobeda village situated in the East Rhodopes Mts., along the banks of Kayadzhik Dere River in Bulgaria and Durmitor National Park in Montenegro (Fig. 1). For the determination of the subfamilies, genera and species of the family Lonchaeidae were used books and keys by Stackelberg (1970) MacGowan, Freidberg (2008) and MacGowan (2017), and for the species distribution Carles-Tolra (2017) and MacGowan (2017).

Results

New records for Bulgaria and Montenegro Lonchaea affinisMalloch, 1920 New to Montenegro and the Balkan Peninsula. Material examined: 1 female, 12.-14.VII.2003, Durmitor National Park, Montenegro. General distribution: Europe: Britain, , , Finland, , Montenegro, Norway, Slovakia, Sweden; North European part of , Northeast Russia; North America: USA. Lonchaea peregrina Becker, 1895 New to Bulgaria. Material examined: 1 female, 08.-29.IX.2002, South Pirin Mts., Bulgaria. General distribution: Europe: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Greece, , , , , Sweden, . Silba fumosa (Egger, 1864) New to Bulgaria. Note: Previously Silba fumosa belonged to the genus Setisquamalonchaea. In 2013 MacGowan, Okamoto re-evaluated Setisquamalonchaea and considering it synonym, added the species to the genus Silba. Material examined: 1 male, 3 females, 08.-29.IX.2002; 2 males, 4 females, 04.IV.-07.V.2003, South Pirin Mts., Bulgaria; 1 female, 17.VI.-17.VII. 2006, the East Rhodopes Mts., Bulgaria. General distribution: Europe: , , Britain, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, , Finland, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, , Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, The Netherlands; Asia: Israel, Jordania, Uzbekistan; Africa: Morocco; USA: Oregon, California.

86 Table 1. Localities of collecting

Method Geographical Altitude N Country District Dates Habitat of coordinates m a.s.l collecting Tara Gorge Durmitor Monte- National Park/ N 43.218429° xeromesophi Malaise 1 12.-14.VII.2003 560 negro Devoyachki E 19.080354° lous scrub trap most Bridge, Tara River maquis/ Pirin Mts./ 8.-29.IX.2002; N 41.460444° suburban/ Malaise 2 Bulgaria near Kalimantsi 280 4.IV.-7.V.2003 E 23.479830° riverbank trap village wood East Rhodopes N 41.439282° riverbank 3 Bulgaria Mts./Kayadzhik 17.VI.-17.VIII.2006 266 tree trap E 25.646636° wood Dere River abbreviation: m a.s.l. - meters above sea level

Fig. 1. Map of the Balkan Peninsula with an indication of the studied areas

DISCUSSION

With these new data the number of Bulgarian lance fl ies reaches 5 species [with previously known Dasiops latifrons (Meigen, 1826), Lonchaea carpathica Kovalev, 1974 and Lonchaea fugax Becker, 1895] and for Montenegro is 3 species (with previously known Lonchaea carpathica Kovalev, 1974 and Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956) which is still insuffi cient.

87 To the other countries of the Balkan Peninsula the family Lonchaeidae is relatively studied in Greece, where are known 22 species. In 2008 MacGowan described two species from Greece - Dasiops hellas MacGowan, 2008 and Lonchaea spicata MacGowan 2008. Máca (2007) announced Lonchaea fugax Becker, 1895 for Greece. MacGowan (2017) in his database about family Lonchaeidae mentioned another 19 species distributed in the Greek fauna: Dasiops calvus Morge, 1959; D. latifrons (Meigen, 1826); Lonchaea angelina MacGowan, 2014; L. carpathica Kovalev, 1974; L. contigua Collin, 1953; L. fraxina MacGowan, Rotheray, 2000; L. nitens Bigot, 1885; L. patens Collin, 1953; L. peregrina Becker, 1895; L. subneatosa Kovalev, 1974; L. tenuicornis Kovalev, 1978; Lamprolonchaea smaragdi Walkar, 1849; Protearomyia greciana McAlpine, 1962; P. nigra (Meigen, 1826); P. rameli MacGowan, 2014; P. withersi MacGowan, 2014; Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956; S. fumosa (Egger, 1864); S. veriscens Macquart, 1851. Four lonchaeids are known for (Lonchaea carpathica Kovalev, 1974; Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956; Earomyia crystallophila Becker, 1895) as recently MacGowan, Bächli (2016) described Lonchaea baechlii MacGowan, Bächli 2016 from the same country. To the fauna of are known 2 lonchaeids up to now (Lonchaea bukowskii Czerny, 1934 and Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956). For Northern Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina is known only one (Silba adipata McAlpine, 1956). After examining the contemporary literature on the spread of the family Lonchaeidae, no results were found for Albania.

Acknowledgements: The authors are thankful to Dr. Iain MacGowan from National Museums Scotland for providing us with his papers about the family Lonchaeidae.

References

Carles-Tolra, M. 2017. Fauna Europaea: Lonchaeidae. - In: Pape, T. (Ed.) Fauna Europaea: Diptera, Brachycera. URL: http://faunaeur.org. Doychev D., M. Kechev, I. Todorov, P. Mirchev, S. Bencheva, G. Georgiev. 2016. New entomophagous enemies of Ips typographus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Colleoptera: Curculionidae) from Bulgaria. Acta zoological bulgariaca, 68 (1), 131-134. Máca, J. 2007. Notes to the Camillidae, Drosophilidae, Odiniidae and Lonchaeidae of Greece. Acta zoological universitatis comenianae, 47 (2), 171-175. MacGowan, I. 2008. Two new species of Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Schizophora) from Greece. Studia Dipterologica 14 (2), 285-288. MacGowan, I. 2017. Lonchaeidae online. Available at: http://lonchaeidae.myspecies.info/category/ lonchaeidae-classification-and-species-info/lonchaeidae/lonchaeinae (accessed 20 March 2017). MacGowan, I., T. Okamoto. 2013. New species of Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Schizophora) from and re- evaluation of genus Setisquamalonchaea Morge. Entomological science, 16(2), 196-202. MacGowan, I., G. Bächli, 2016. New species of Lonchaeidae (Diptera) from Switzerland and Serbia with a revised checklist of the Swiss fauna. Mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen gesellschaft, 89, 169-176. MacGowan, I., A. Freidberg. 2008. The Lonchaeidae (Diptera) of Israel, with descriptions of three new species. Israel J. of Entomology, 38, 61-92. Stackelberg, A.A. 1970. Family Lonchaeidae. – In: Bei-Bienko G.J. (Ed.). Key to the insects of the European part of the USSR. Diptera, 5, 2. Leningrad, 358-373 (In Russian).

E-mails: [email protected], [email protected]

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