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Ukraine and Policy of the Entente Arnold Margolin UKRAINE AND POLICY OF THE ENTENTE Translated from Russian by V.P. Sokoloff 1976 Ukraina i politika Antanty. Izdatel'stvo S. Efron. Berlin. 1921. 397 pp. First published in Russian language by S. Efron Izdatel'stvo in Berlin, Germany, 192 1 Copyright 0 1977 L. A. Margolena Library of Congress Card No. 77-084289. Printed in United States of America Publication of this book was aided by a grant from the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S. Inc. Ukraine and Policy of the Entente Contents ADM (1877-1956), iii, Preface. vi. Ch. I. Synagogue; Rus- sian language; Ukrainian village; pogroms and their image in Jewish psychology; 1. ch. 11. Elections to the First Duma; Ukrainian peasantry; I.L. Shrag; beginnings of reaction; "Kievskiye Otkliki" (Kievan Echoes"); 7. Ch. 111. The Lubny Committee for defense of Jews from pogroms; apogee of the Stolypin reaction; the Beilis case; 12. Ch. IV. Beginnings of the Second Revolution; conventions in June; federation and nationality problems; the fateful of- fensive; 18. Ch. V. Elections to Constituent Assembly; growth of Ukrainian national awareness; Constituent As- sembly dissolved by force; 23. Ch. VI. Central Rada; Grushevskiy; assimilator Jews and nafionally aware Jewry; the masses; 30. Ch. VII. Ukrainian Supreme Court; Ukrainian language; Ukrainian political figures; State Senate; 36. Ch. VIII. Ukrainian National Union; Directory; Vin- nichenko; insurrection; 45. Ch. IX. Kiev expects represen- tatives of Entente; Directory enters Kiev; government and policy of Directory; Ministry of Jewish Affairs; 61. Ch. X. Trip to Odessa; negotiations toward agreement between representatives of Ukraine, Don, Kuban', and Belorussia; French Command in Odessa; 70. Ch. XI. Pogroms in Feb- ruary and March; my resignation; departure for Paris; 8 1. Ch. XII. Paris in spring of 1919; Ukrainian delegation; Jewish delegation; Maklakov; Kerenskiy; Avksent'yev; project for dispatch of French military mission to Ukraine; audience with Pichon and Clemenceau; French orientations; 87. Ch. XIII. England and Denikin; British delegation; Sidorenko and Lansing; Vasil'ko; I resign from the Ukrainian delegation; 105; Ch. XIV. Jews and Serbia; Rodichev and Chelnokov; Bucharest; Constan- tinople; in Denikin's czardom; 121. Ch. XV. Trip to Kamenets-Podol'sk; Jews in Rumania; Petlyura and Pe- trushkevich; 133. Ch. XVI. Berlin; documents on pog- roms by Denikin's army; my departure for London; the Hague; Zionists in London; 144. Ch. XVII. London; . 2% Ukraine and Policy of the Entente orientation; Zangwill; Williams; Harding; Robert Cecil; Asquith; Venezilos and Vayda-Voyevod; Scialoia; Chur- chill; from top of omnibus; 153. ch. XVIII. San Remo; Rome; Luzatti; Vienna; retreat from Kiev; pogroms again; 166. Ch. XIX. Conference in Spa; my statement; Struve and Guchkov; German orientations; news from Ukraine; En- tente and Black Sea; 172. Ch. XX. League of Nations; congress in Geneva; "Radyanskaya System"; "Laborite Monarchy; Republic; 182. Ch. XXI. Tarnov in December, 1920; dismissal of Vishnitser; my resignation; 189. Ch. XXII. Legislative enactments of the Ukrainian govern- ment for prevention of pogroms; Nikovskiy's letters to Jewish leaders; 194. Ch. XXIII. Questionnaire Committee on investigation of pogroms; Temkin's data on pogroms; 2 14. Ch. XXIV. Pogroms under directory and pogroms by Denikin's army; parallels; peoples and governments; 223. Ch. XXV. Vinnichenko and Petlyura; their indiscretions and hesitations during early pogroms; 232. Ch. XXVI. Russian imperium and imperialism; Bryce; Stankevich's book; 242. Ch. XXVII. Destinies and immediate problems of East-European Jewry; 249. Index of names, 257. Ukraine and Policy of the Entente 222 ADM (1877 - 1956) I doubt whether Father had ever heard a wise man's admonition to his friends: "You do not have to finish the job, but you are not allowed to stop trying." Philosophically, Father loved his fellow man. He spared no effort in improving the quality of life around him. With ebullient energy, benevolence and tact, he strove to bring different people together for their common good. In the ominous twilight of the czarist regime, in the de- cline and fall of the Russian Empire, in the horrors of civil wars, in the tedium and frustrations of the emigre's life, Arnold Davydovich Margolin never stopped trying. His writings are his heritage. Death need not be the end of his work. Ukraine and Policy of the Entente was written in 1921, shortly after the collapse of the Ukrainian People's Repub- lic (UNR) and shortly before Father's emigration to the United States. It covers a particularly turbulent and im- portant period of his life ih Russia, Ukraine, and Western Europe. A lawyer and jurist, a social and political activist, a diplomat in the foreign service of the UNR, an able and experienced observer in positions of responsibility, he re- lates a multitude of hitherto poorly known or neglected facts and phases of the Ukrainian movement, of the civil wars in Ukraine, of the curiously varied attitudes of the European statesmen towards the Ukrainian problem. As an unbiased observer and partisan of the movement, he analyzes candidly the Ukrainian drive for independence, its recurrent successes and failures. I wonder why, despite rising interest in the history of Eastern Europe, a book of such value and characteriza- tions, so relevant to the history of Ukraine, has remained untranslated for so long a time. \ts title is often included in bibliographies; a few selected passages have been trans- lated into English, to suit the needs of the selectors; this is all. Was it because certain rigid organizations and indi- viduals preferred it that way? Truth is perhaps too un- comfortable for too many narrow-minded people. And iv Ukraine and Policy of the Entente why make it known now, with all its lights and shadows, as the author had meant it to be preserved for generations to come? The growing intensity of ethnic feelings and demands of tribes, peoples, powers and superpowers compounds the already serious difficulties in any resolution of the burning economic, social and political problems of the world. As an unbiased observer and partisan of the Uk- rainian movement, I ponder the future and remember the lesson, the tragic consequences of the UNR's inability to attain the ideals so ardently proclaimed, so bitterly contested-that inability to which the poor judgment of a victorious West contributed significantly in the wake of the First World War. Those who are still unaware that every man is indeed his brother's keeper may learn a great deal from this experience. It is in this spirit that I undertook the publication of my father's book. And last, but not least, I consider myself fortunate in- deed that in presenting Father's book in English, the translation was carried out by Dr. V.P. Sokoloff, an excel- lent, intelligent and sensitive translator. To our editor, Mrs. Wendy Cookson, I owe my hearty thanks for advice and conscientious corrections in going over the manu- script. -L.A. Margolena Ukraine and Policy of the Entente Translator's Remarks I have endeavored faithfully to reproduce the substance and form of the original. Any grooming of the aptly var- ied style, syntax and vocabulary of the author would be a disserhce to the book. In dealing with the generally clear and effective expres- sion of the text, particular care was given to the few ap- propriately turgid passages, the occasional "raves," the humor, irony, drama, and the revolutionary bombast of certain documents so typical of the era. I took the liberty of lifting nearly all the original foot- notes out of the "cellar" right into the text where they be- long. The appendices were similarly incorporated. The French of the memoranda was not translated. The USBGN (Board of Geographical Names) system was used in transliteration of geographical names and proper names, as they appear in the Russian original. The only exceptions are names long naturalized in English, such as "Moscow" (Rus. Moskva). Selective Ukrainization, Polonization, Belorussization, etc. of certain names would . have impaired the style and spirit of the original. -V.P. Sokoloff May 11, 1977 iv Ukraine and Policy of the Entente why make it known now, with all its lights and shadows, as the author had meant it to be preserved for generations to come? The growing intensity of ethnic feelings and demands of tribes, peoples, powers and superpowers compounds the already serious difficulties in any resolution of the burning economic, social and political problems of the world. As an unbiased observer and partisan of the Uk- rainian movement, I ponder the future and remember the lesson, the tragic consequences of the UNR's inability to attain the ideals so ardently proclaimed, so bitterly contested-that inability to which the poor judgment of a victorious West contributed significantly in the wake of the First World War. Those who are still unaware that every man is indeed his brother's keeper may learn a great deal from this experience. It is in this spirit that I undertook the publication of my father's book. And last, but not least, I consider myself fortunate in- deed that in presenting Father's book in English, the translation was carried out by Dr. V.P. Sokoloff, an excel- lent, intelligent and sensitive translator. To our editor, Mrs. Wendy Cookson, I owe my hearty thanks for advice and conscientious corrections in going over the manu- script. -L.A. Margolena Ukraine and Policy of the Entente Translator's Remarks I have endeavored faithfully to reproduce the substance and form of the original. Any grooming of the aptly var- ied style, syntax and vocabulary of the author would be a disservice to the book. In dealing with the generally clear and effective expres- sion of the text, particular care was given to the few ap- propriately turgid passages, the occasional "raves," the humor, irony, drama, and the revolutionary bombast of certain documents so typical of the era.
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