PROFILE of PUNE and PUNE DISTRICT CHAPTER - 4 Profile of Pune and Pune District
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V CHAPTER NO. 4 PROFILE OF PUNE AND PUNE DISTRICT CHAPTER - 4 Profile of Pune and Pune District 4.1 Introduction: - Before going for the profile of Pune & Pune District, We should consider our Maharashtra State & Pune Division in short. Maharashtra has a glorious history. It is a holy land of Saints, Sages and Social reformers Peasants and workers have toiled for centuries to make Maharashtra the prime state of India. The State is spread over an area of 308,000 square kilometres. It is divided into six administrative divisions and 35 districts. Mumbai is the capital of the Maharashtra state and the financial capital of India. Now mumbai is emerging metropolis of the world. According to world Bank survey, Maharashtra has the most favourable atmosphere among the states in the country for Industrial Investment domestic and foreign. To keep up with the modern transformations around the globe, Maharashtra has achived the leading position amongst all other states in the field of Information & technology and occupies numero-Uno position in the country in setting up IT Parks & adopting a Bio-Tech policy in a determined bid to complete with advanced countries of the world. Maharashtra has done pioneering contribution in diverse fields of socio-economic development and progress. In Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, the first cooperative Sugar factory in Asia was established over 70 years ago. Maharashtra’s performance in diverse fields like Arts, Sports, Culture, literature social and administrative reforms as well as academic research, defence, agriculture and cooperation has left its unique mark in India. Its many great personalities reached the pinnacles of achievements in the respective fields of activity. The social reform movement in the state began over 150 years ago. It has been the source of inspiration for the country. Maharashtra is known for bravery people who blend it with tolerance. The socially amicable atmosphere in Maharashtra Surprises people from other states of India for these reasons. 103 G-4.1 Location of Maharashtra in India 4.2 Maharashtra at Glance : (1) Formation of the state 1*‘ May 1960. (2) Districts 35. (3) Area 308.000 sq.kms. (4) Divisions 06. (5) Talukas 353. (6 ) a) Municipal Corporations 22. b) Municipal Councils 222. (7) Zilla Parishads 33. (8 ) Panchayat Samitees 349. 104 (9) Gram Panchayats 27946. (10) Means of Transport a) Roads 2,26,992 Kms. b) National Highway 4,225 Kms. c) State Highway 33,633 Kms. d) Main District Roads 48,220 Kms. e) Other Roads 44,321 Kms. f) Rural Roads 96,593 Kms. g) Railways 5,497 Kms. h) Ports 50 (Main - 2, Small - 48) i) Other Postoffices 12,638 Nos. j) Length of the coast line 720 Kms. (11) Population Total - 9,67,52,247. (As per 2001 Census) Male - 5,03,34,270. Female - 4,64,17,977. M/F ratio - 922 (per 1000) (12) Literacy rate 77.30% (13) Area under-irrigation 29.7 lakh hectares. (14) Irrigation project Major - 32. Medium - 178. Minor - 2239. (15) Industries (2000-01) 33626 (Registered) (16) Principal Language Marathi. (17) Weather 4 - seasons. 18) Agri-production a) Kharif Crops :- Jowar, Bajra, Rice, Cotton and Grondnuts. b) Rabbi Crops :- W heat, Gram and Jowar. c) Others - Sugarcane, Oil seeds. Pulses - eg. Dal, Tur etc. (19) a) Net Crop area 17.579.000 hectares. b) Total Crop area 22,368 hectares. c) Total irrigated area 3.812.000 hectares. 105 d) Ratio of total irrigated area 17.20%. with crop area (20) Educational Institutional Universities - 24. Colleges - 1934. Primary Schools - 67964. Secondary Schools - 18084. 4.3 Pune Division Pune which once ruled all of North India, has been known as the oxford of the east. This division has taken rapid strides in IT. Pune Division is perhaps the most affluent in all respects in India. It has demonstrated how a determine band of people can transform a landscape into a thriving economic entity. This division is leader in defense, agriculture, education film industry, stage, power generation, irrigation, to mention only a few facts of development, the division has many places of attraction for the tourists, pilgrims and history researcher. Out of the six Administrative divisions, Pune is one of the important division of Maharashtra state. Pune division, includes following important districts from Western Maharashtra. I) Pune II) Satara III) SangU IV) Solapur and V) Kolhapur 106 G-4.2 Location of Pune Division in Maharashtra DHULE WM^VATK ^ MAC^IR 1 . ^ 1 / • ( \ • S b m a n c a r a N jalgaon/ I • '"'•"V • X V ________/ I r .. '■ « AKOLA L^^^YwARDHAV /^eULDHAlUA ( m \ AUftArgOAQAD y '' ^ ; YAVATMAL ~ . ---------- --— ( / ^ * j •V'"' \ C t < -> OALNA* ^ -L _ rv _„^ V , THANE V a HMADNAGAR-',; , PARBHANI^ ^ ^ ■• -c^ / • ( • /. 1UMBAI J 1 \ • BID •. / kiAi. r PUNE \ ■ ^ , u sIwanaoabT ^ I •GW»H s^/s‘» LAU SATARA '( '^LAPUfC RATNAGIRI'Q sANGll f " 4.4 Pune & Pune District : (1) Location :- Pune District lies between 17^54’ and 19*’24’ North latitude and 73°19’ and 75°10'. East longitude. (2) Boundaries : It is bounded on the (I) East & North by Ahmednagar District, (II) Towards South - Satara District, (III)Towards West - Raigad District, (IV) Towards Eash 8s South - Solapur District and (V) Towards West & North - Thane District. Pune is 170 Kms away from Mumbai, the capital city of Maharashtra and financial capital city of India. Due to small distance from Mumbai, availability of all transport facilities, centre of education, cooperation, good 107 atmosphere the development of Pune and Pune District Is also tremendous. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the Peshwas, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule, Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak and many illustrious sons of India chose Pune as their base and took its fame around the world. Pune is regarded as the cultural capital city of Maharashtra. Pune gained importance during the period of second Peshwa Thorala (Senior) Bajirao, who ruled from 1720 to 1740. During his time the place of the Peshwas Shaniwarwada was built. He has expanded the Maratha empire into North and Central Provinces. In Ninteenth century Pune and Delhi were the only centres of power. Pune has been recognised as a sent of learning and Deccan College (1851) led the educational movement in Pune. Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Gopal Krishna Agarkar, Bhandarkar and other luminaries studied in the Deccan College in the English language. First Marathi literary conference was held in Pune in the year 1878. Deccan Education Society (1885) Agakhan Palace servents of India society, where M. Gandhi had stayed in Pune and appreciated Pune’s social, cultural and nationalistic organisations. He called Pune “a beehive of volunteers and dedicated workers for a noble cause”. With Pune’s Pact Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar came into political limelight Pandit J. Nehru also visited Pune. Dr. S Radhakrishnan used to visit the Bhandarkar oriental Research Institute. Smt. Indira Gandhi not only stayed in Pune but also was a student in a local High School for a year. Mahatma Jyotiba Phule started education for women, first time in Pune and struggled hard for the upliftment of the depressed classes. Shrimati Anandibai Joshi was the first lady from Pune to complete medical education in the USA. Some of the Historic places for visit in Pune City are - Agakhan Palace Museum, Raja Dinkar Kelkar Museum, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Museum, Mahatma Phule Museum, Saras Baug, Peshve Park, Parvati Hill, University of Pune, Mahadji Shinde Umbrella, Bundgarden, Shrimant Dagadusheth Ganpati, Kasba Peth Ganpati, Shaniwarwada etc. Industrialisation in Maharashtra was incepted in Pune and giants like Bajaj, Tata, Kirloskars and Garwares established their factories here. Pune is the only city in the world to be surrounded by three military cantonments - Pune, Khadki and Dehu Road. The National Defence Academy nestles in the Sahyadri range just outside Pune. The National Chemical Laboratory, the 108 Ordanance Factory, the High - Explosive factory as well as Aayuka, set up by Dr. Jayant Narlikar to research astronomy, all are situated in Pune, which has also been inthe forefront in India in the IT Sector. The pilgrimage places of Alandi and Dehu attract countless Warkari sect devotees round the year. A huge network of educaitonal research and social reform institutions have made Pune an international city over the years. Post 1970*s - fastest Growth : The present Pune is the 7’*’ ranking industrial metro of India. During the last two-three decades, Pune’s urban growth has the fastest rate in Asia and the Kothrud Urban area, which has the fastest rate in the world, has found a place in the Guinness Book of World Records. In 1972 there were 1473 Industrial units in Pune, in 1984 the number reached about 5000. During last 9-10 year Pune is become I.T. Hub of the country. The present growth of Pune is due to various factors such as industrialisation, location of various central and state Government establishments. Military South Command Head Quarters, High explosive factory. Public sector industries, I.T. Parks, educational centres like University, Colleges and many research institutes of national level, health and holiday resorts, a record number of hotels and restaurants, good climate and relatively less polluted environment, clubs, parks, places of recreation, cultural ethos of the city, and scope for each hobby and pastime. Between 1920’s and 1940’s many cooperative urban and commercial banks along with Insurance companies were launched by persons like Prof. V. G. Kale, D.G Karve, L.B. Bhopatkar, N.C. Kelkar, Shri Vamanrao Varde, Shri Dhondumama Sathe, Dinkar Bahadur Godbole etc and cooperative and private sugar factories were established due to the efforts of Dr. D. R. Gadgil, Shembekar, Dahanukar, Girme, Borawake, Vikhe, Apte, Agashe, Malchand Doshi etc. The Bank of Maharashtra was started by Kale Sathe and Vaikunthabhai Mehta.