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Retro-()Pposition and Other Retro-Analytical Clhess Problems by T

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Retro-()Pposition and Other Retro-Analytical Clhess Problems by T RET'RO.OPPOSI.TIOI\J Retro-()pposition and Other Retro-Analytical Clhess Problems by T. R. Dawson G. P. "{elliss First Published August 1989 Reset February 1997 page I RETRO-OPPOSI'IION Qetro-Opposition and Other Retro-Analytical Chess Problems by T. R. Dawsor1 edited by G. P. Jelliss This booklet, containing; all of 'I'. R. Dawson's pioneering work on Reto-Opposifion, together with some of his best retro-analytical work of other types, is based on a small manuscript booklet, Seventy l,ive Retros by Dawson, dated Ist November 1928, found in the British Chess Problem Society Archive. ln its Introduction he wrote: "The 75 retrograde analyses in this collection comprise all the best of my published work in this field since the publication of Retrograde Analysis in 1915" and "ln the motto problems the foundations of the theory of retrograde opposition are laid and all the known types fully illustrated". Following the arrangement of the manuscript hooklet, the prohlems are given in cltronological order of composition (with one or two slight displacements). The bold-printed D-numbers are those assigned to his composifions by the composer himself, and the frst date quoted is that of composition. In some cases this date is mnny years before publication. An asterisk (+) attached to moves in the retro-opposition studies indicates the thematic tempo change. INTRODUCTION T'he information gained in such The third period, l9l l-15., (Ir'rorn nofes hy llaw,son in an analysis may be applied to comprises the early part of the Prohleryis! k'air! Che s s legalise PxP e"p.. to illegalise PxP r,vriter's lvork. up to the Retro Supplement xii I930't e.p" and castling, to justify turn to Book. This period sa\,Y s.p. theory play; or form of retracted movss, completed in most of its fine detail, Rctro-analysis consists in or situation of an added or altered and the introduction of illcgal e.p. examining hor,v a given position man; or to correct an illegality. analysis and synthetic tries. arose from the usual gams array by Modern developments to date strictly legal play r,r,'hether to have braught H. A. Adamson. detennine who moved last, what HISTORY G. C. Alvey, C. M. Fox, V. Onitiu, the last movss \,vers, r,l'hat position J. Schlarko and J. Sunyer into or positions must have existed in The history of retro-analysis prominence as masters, r,v-hile Dr the past. what disturbance of given falls into faur periods" The initial Niels Hoeg, r'r'ho had contributed men was forced, or hor,v many period, from about t858 to 1906, occasional fine studies in both the movss soms man or men made af rvas non-systematic and rarel5,' of second and third periods. no\,v gave necessity. high quality'" It ma-y- be associated us a long seriss of problems of The fundarnentals of the r,vith F. C. Collins, J. Jespsrssn, remarkable quality. Many more analStical method lie in tracing S. LoSrd and T. B. Rolvland. casual workers have done good captures (especially Pawn- though at least 100 others made work in recent ysars. The madern captures). checks and check occasional experiments. Five tSpes period has seen the subject of eliminations, irreal regions (r,l'here correction of illegalities, s5,nthetic tries rapidly w.idened, and men could not legally stand), and analytical retractors, e.p. keys, the main outlines of retra- states af retrostalemate (where no illegal castling, and partial analysis opposition drawn by H.A. A. and last movs is available) and re discovered. the r,r,riter. The Hoeg retractor has perpetual retrogression (wfiere last The second period, 1907-9, been developed to a position of msvss repeat in a cycle or in a covers the studies of A. Batari, importancs. futile inability to resolve a closed W. Hundsdorfer and A. Troitzky, region). The retro movss (i.e. r,r,ith a, ferv isolated r,r'orks of retractions) may be conditioned by others, on e.p. keys. The three positional motives apening great r,r,arkers thoroughly mastered 0J course, rnuclt has lines, unblocking squares, retro-technique and revealed all the happened since, but that is cancelling & guard ta free a King; main outlines of e.p. theory in a another sforyt. Ilctwson's or by time motives racing to large number cf profound studies. pioneering work should be known free a man against impending The subject of retro-opposition to all devotees of refroanalysis, retrostalemate. u,as discovered. page 7 RETRO-OPPOSITIOi{ l) 445 {tutt{atedlr:, retyact Bh7 to Jt, bttt then efter deferred clearance of d4-3 for Tepl i tz-Schr;n au Congress Book retracting 92 xh3 htcw did the adverse R. 26, p.182 (1923) (version Whire Rook escape _fro* hl ? It is Pittsburgh Leader I vi lg]J) neces,tary to uncapture the R at e1 D 897 (5 iv I9I1)n an;v ofher squnre and Black Eskilstuna Kuyiren 131 (10 ii IglT) (lrris,ra's runs out o{ Pawn moves be.fore trtriild ^&o,se.s, I tS {lg3S) White cnn get nfi, RSI to retract Det{. to A. A. Troitzx+t^ g2xh3 and provide Blach with n piece to move. l} 8{}1 (15 vii I9l3)n Svenska Dagbladet 752 (20 xii 1925) BI$ck plays ant{ helps tr{,'hite to mate in one 1. Pe'{xPPl e.p. Bc2f . The last W'hite lrirus moves must have been l. n-4 1. Re2 for 2. Kf2*. Not 1. 00f xRe4 2. ff Rg4-e4, preceded (the because Black's last movs lyas move order can be varied a little) Kb/c2 - cl, preceded bV {i) Ke/f2 - by: 7... f6-5 3. Rgl-g4 {7-6 elt or (ii) d2 leLlfT d4le3lfif . zl. Be4-h7 h5-4 5. Bg2-e4 h6-5 u,hen WK moved to let QR in to 6. Bfl -gZ h7-6 7. g2*h3. etc. Bl pla;,'rs and helps W mate in 2 hll}, or {iii} gZ - 3t, when Rhl Obstruction of passage square fi moved to let Rh2. to Bishop of same colour, t. Pf4xPe4 e.p. Se4 2. b4xc3 *c3f S . Last movss l. e2-4 D 918 f/ 2 t, 1911) To assist newcomers fo e4xRd3 2.Rd1-d3 f5 xRe4 Eskilstuna Kuriren 117 (10 iii IglT) retyoanalysis the editor gives here 3. Re3-e4 f6-5 4. Rd3-e3 f7-6 a mGre detailed outline o"f the 5. Rd2-3 f5-4 6. d3-4 g6xf5 argunxents used in solving this 7. Kd4-c5 Bc4-b5, etc. Clearance _first problern: (il) Ps e7, 97 show of e4-e3 for R of satne colour. that B.f8 was capfi*ed ctt home. (b) The Wlcite Ps show that the other l] 820 (21 x I9l3)r: fwo rnissing Black men were Pittsburgh Po,st captured by Pdzxe3 and PSZxh3. 560 (22 xii f gH) (version (c) A Blcck P ls missing. This L.Italia Scacchistica 1402, xi I g I T) must hcwe promoted to get into position to be capfured, or fo I,fhite repl*ce a captured mfrn. It rnust wtates in 3 1. Rb5 g"g6t 2. B*g6t. Not have come _from the a or b .fr\e, via c2, to promote at cl, since other 1... 00 because of opposition possihilities require more czp- befi+een 2Qs and Black hlnight hl, compelling K or KR movs. tures (ro eccottnt -for tlte Black P co?1rt#rcrfion) fhan fhere Gre missing Ifihite men. (d) Seqr,ience o_{ events at cl must hsve been: Abbeviations in headings : I . d7xe3; 2. Bc I (now gS) Iled. - Dedication at Bl plap's and helps I{ rnate in I moves out via d2, c3; -3. c2-c3: Ii - Fairy, R - Retro 4. 3 x Pr Prize, Ty Tourney Pb c2 and prornotes at c I ; 1. Pc4xPd4 e.p. Kd4I. Last moves - - The 68 problems from the 5. Promoted piece goes to h3 Jbr 1. d2-4 Rf5-f6 2. Sf6-gaf Rd5-f5 original MS are marked n g2xh3. (e) It tnkes three tnoves to 3. Sfs-h4t Rd3-d5. etc. Tnice page 3 RETRO-OPPOSITIOI.{ D 1026 (20 ir| 19 I S)ri Add QcZ for Qblf . Last moves L Pb4xPc4 e.p. Sca$ Last moves jtfeycu\v Natal (10 t,ii I9 l5) Kbl-al, QxSc2t, etc. Relief of l. c2-1 h3-2 2. Qc3-c5 h4-3 Caissa's tr$''ildRo,re,t, I I I 935) il Black retrostalemate by uncapture 3. Rc4-c6 h5-4 4. Rc5-c7 Rc6-c8. on checking line. IPGT -.= Telescopic clearance. Pi tt s bur gh Ga ze tt e -Ti me sl D ll34 (13 i I9I7)n j923) Seven other problems r,vith the Svenska Dagbtadet,582 (2 I tii "Blundering Horsemen" stipulation 'Add WQ for * l', in the '7 5 Retros' MS appear together as problems 97 -103 in Caissa's Wild Roses in Clusters (1937). /f 1089 (23 x r?Is) I$rhite mates in 2 Eskilstuna Kuriren, 715 (2 ] xii I I I8) 1. Pg5 xPff e,p.f . Last moves l. f7-5 Rfs-esf 2. Be3-f4t Bd4- h8f, etc. Obstruction of passage square f6 to adverse Bishop. trF'hite ffiates in 2 D 1027 (25 iv I9tSIt Asfri/sf ufta Kuriren, 38 I (7 x I9l6) l. Pg5 xh6. Black may not 1...000 because of K or R tempo-move, e.g. retract 1.Sff-h6 Sb3-al z.Sd8-ff Sd2-b3 3.Sfi-dS Sbl -d?.
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