DOCSLIB.ORG

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education In DOCUMENT RESUME ED 481 269 CS 512 494 TITLE Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (86th, Kansas City, Missouri, July 30-August 2,2003) .Media Ethics Division. PUB DATE 2003-07-00 NOTE 315p.; For other sections of these proceedings, see CS 512 480-498. PUB TYPE Collected Works Proceedings (021) Reports Research (143) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Codes of Ethics; Corporations; *Ethical Instruction; *Ethics; Higher Education; *Journalism Education; Journalism History; National Security; News Writing; Newspapers; Photojournalism; Student Diversity; Terrorism IDENTIFIERS Digital Photography; Scandals ABSTRACT The Media Ethics Division of the proceedings contains the following 10 papers: "Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty: Do Photos Need What Words Have?" (Scott Fosdick and Shahira Fahmy); "A Bellwether in Media Accountability: The Work of the New York 'World's' Bureau of Accuracy and Fair Play" (Neil Nemeth); "Eight Arguments for the Importance of Philosophical Thinking in Journalism Ethics" (Hendrik Overduin); "An Examination of Diversity Issues at Southeast Journalism Conference Newspapers" (Kathleen Woodruff Wickham, Amanda Elkin, Sarah S. Hollis, Scarlet Lawrence, Sandra Knispel, Jamee Smith, and Marty Russell); "Balancing News Reporting with National Security in an Age of Terrorism" (David Cuillier); "Bad Apples or Rotten Culture?: Media Discourse on the Corporate Scandals of 2001 and 2002" (David A. Craig and Kristina K. Turner); "Conflicted Interests, Contested Terrain: Journalism Ethics Codes Then and Now" (Lee Wilkins and Bonnie Brennen); "A Gang of Pecksniffs Grows Up: The Evolution of Journalism Ethics Discourse in 'The Journalist' and 'Editor and Publisher'" (Patrick Lee Plaisance); "Questions of Judgment.in the Newsroom: A Journalistic Instrumental-Value Theory for Media Ethics" (Patrick Lee Plaisance); and "Perry Meets Freire: Moral Development's 'Leap of Faith' in the Classroom" (Maggie Jones Patterson and Matthew Gropp) . (RS) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication 86th, Kansas City, MO July 30-August 2, 2003 Media Ethics Division Cg 00 Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty: Do Photos Need What Words Have?...Scott Fosdick, Shahira Fahmy A Bellwether in Media Accountability: The Work of the New York World's Bureau of Accuracy and Fair Play...Neil Nemeth Eight Arguments for the Importance of Philosophical Thinking in Journalism Ethics...Hendrik Overduim An Examination of Diversity Issues at Southeast Journalism Conference Newspapers...Kathleen Woodruff Wickham Balancing News Reporting with National Security in an Age of Terrorism...David Cuillier Bad Apples or Rotten Culture? Media Discourse on the Corporate Scandals of 2001 and 2002...David A. Craig, Kristina K. Turner Conflicted Interests, Contested Terrain: Journalism Ethics Codes Then and Now...Lee Wilkins, Bonnie Brennen A Gang of Pecksniffs Grows Up: The Evolution of Journalism Ethics Discourse in The Journalist and Editor and Publisher...Patrick Lee Plaisance Questions of Judgment in the Newsroom: A Journalistic Instrumental-Value Theory for Media Ethics...Patrick Lee Plaisance Perry Meets Freire: Moral Development's 'Leap of Faith' in the Classroom...Maggie Jones Patterson, Mathew Gropp EST COPY AVAILABLE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND Office of Educational Research and Improvement DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION BEEN GRANTED BY CENTER (ERIC) O This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of view or opinions stated in this INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessarily represent 1 official OERI position or policy. 2 Punctuation and Epistemie Honesty: Do Photos Need What Words Have? by Scott Fosdick, Ph.D Assistant Professor School ofJournalism University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211-1200 573/882-3496 [email protected] and Shahira Fahmy Doctoral Candidate School ofJournalism University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211-1200 [email protected] Submitted for consideration by the Media Ethics Division of AEJMC for presentation at the 2003 convention in Kansas City. 3 Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty: Do Photos Need What Words Have? Abstract This research notes the similarities between the ethical debates surrounding the proper use of quotations and digital photography and seeks to incorporate them into a larger discussion of the ethics of sampling reality.Interviews with editors at US News and World Report, The Sunday New York Times Magazine, and Esquire reveal: internalized ethical positions that draw nothing from formal codes of ethics disagreement over the proper way to set-up a reconstructed quotation disagreement over whether readers understand when photographs have been enhanced no discussion of these issues between different types of editors and no support for the adoption of an icon or "photation marks" to serve as the visual equivalent of the quotation mark. The history of the quotation mark is seen as a guideline in the effort to clearly identify products of the still-young field of photography. The authors argue that news practitioners should consider replacing Truth with Honesty as their guiding light when presenting samples of reality. 4 Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty: Do Photos Need What Words Have? Introduction No allegation is more serious to a mainstream journalist than that he has lied, that he knew what the truth was and consciously altered or obscured or misrepresented it. The public forgives journalists who simply make mistakes. There is little forgiveness, however, for someone who has found a fact and willfully twisted it. Of all the reasons that people find to vilify journalists, none is more danming than the revelation that one has fabricated a quotation or a photographic image. The reasons are simple and fairly obvious. Although the public might understand that quotes are not always accurate and that computers are quite capable of merging and distorting images, the essential nature of quotations and photographs are the same: They imply a claim on reality. When a journalist quotes a source, he or she is promising that the words are not merely a paraphrase, but are the very words used. And unless there are clear indications otherwise, the default assumption is that a photograph also promises a slice of reality. To promise is not necessarily to be believed (ask any Lothario, any politician), but that does not alter the status of quotations and photographs as promises. In an age when lying is so easy, the promises we keep are that much more valuable. It is not surprising, therefore, that the use of quotations and the treatment of digital images figure prominently in discussions of journalism ethics, and in the codes that are the result of these discussions. What is surprising, however, is that they are invariably treated as utterly distinct issues. The word people debate the ethical use of words and the picture people debate proper and improper photo editing techniques. That is how the issues have evolved in the 5 Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty, page 2 academic setting. But how does this play out on the front lines of journalism?This study uses qualitative interviews of leading magazine editors to look for intersectingspheres of concern between the photo editor and the copy editor. In place of paralleldiscussions of the ethics of presenting quotations and photos as accurate samples of reality, might we make greater progress by considering the two together? Can one field learn from the other? Forexample, do photographers suffer because they do not have at their disposal the visualequivalent of the quotation mark? If we compare and combine the ethical convictions of theseeditors, might we arrive at larger ethical principles, principles that could prove useful for otherplatforms -- such as radio and television -- as well as for communication technologies not yet invented?Is there, perhaps, an epistemological imperative that might guide all journalists in theethical sampling of reality? By beginning this discussion among leading magazine editors, the authorshope to spark a larger consideration of the issues among visualand textual journalists and scholars. Theory In the world-wide context of the new information age, ethical dilemmasarise regarding information transfer (Buchanan, 2002). Since Plato and Aristotle, ethics has been asubject of attention from media scholars. Media scholars agree that if the mass media are tofunction properly in a society, then both freedom and social responsibility are important(Gordon et al., 1999). The social responsibility theory emerged to suggest an obligation "toprovide a truthful, balanced and comprehensive account of news" (Hutleng, 1985, p. 11). Merrill(1999) writes: "Ethical concern is important, for it forces the media person to make commitmentsand thoughtful decisions among alternatives" (Merrill, 1999, p. 3). He explains thatmedia ethics focuses on duty to self and duty to others regarding actions taken by mediapractitioners. Media 6 Punctuation and Epistemic Honesty, page 3 practitioners echo an ethical media perspective. They believe in ethical performanceand standards of responsible journalism (Hutleng, 1985). In seeking behavioral guidelines,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The School of Journalism Columbia University
    THE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY REPORT TO THE EXECUTORS AND TRUSTEES OF THE ESTATE OF JOSEPH PULITZER ON THE COMPLETION OF THREE YEARS OF WORK NEW YORK 1915 SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Journalism Building, Columbia University. The gift of Joseph Pulitzer THE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY REPORT TO THE EXECUTORS AND TRUSTEES OF THE ESTATE OF JOSEPH PULITZER ON THE COMPLETION OF THREE YEARS OF WORK SEPTEMBER I 5, I915 COMPILED BY FRANK D. FACKENTHAL Secretary of Columbia University NEW YORK I9IS CONTENTS I. Agreements 9 Agreement of April 10, 1903 9 Acceptance of July 20, 1903 12 Agreement of March 19, 1904 12 Agreement of April 12, 1904 16 II. Organization 18 The Advisory Board 18 Plan of Organization and Instruction 19 The Administrative Board 23 Amendment to the Statutes 23 III. The First Year 26 Teaching Staff 26 Courses of Instruction 28 The Curriculum 32 Students Registered and Graduated 33 IV. The Second Year 37 Teaching Staff 37 Courses of Instruction 38 Students Registered and Graduated 42 V. The Third Year 47 Teaching Staff 47 Courses of Instruction 48 Students Registered and Graduated 52 Minute on Completion of Third Year 57 VI. The Building and Equipment 58 Location of Building 58 Design and construction 58 Library Facilities 58 I AGREEMENTS THIS AGREEMENT, made the tenth day of April, 1903, between JOSEPH PULITZER, of the City of New Yorlc, hereinafter rijfS-red to as 'the Donor,' party of the first part, and THE TRUSTEES of COLUMBIA COLLEGE IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, hereinafter referred to
    [Show full text]
  • Ewspaper1 S Staff . Wins)F Ulitzer Prize
    ~~~ii!l!rr~ ., · .~·.\··'f . , ·.. · .. ... ,, ~ an ..J'raftritct Coanaiclt 3 eWspaper 1 s Staff_. Wins)f ulitzer Prize *Tues., Aprf 14, 198 1 I New York Publication was credited to the of international affairs for her The 29-member staff of the pf!rsistence of the Mrs. Toole. "I dispatches Jrom Central America. Longview (Wash.) Daily News won tried eight publishers and died eacti time' •hey returned it, because Mike Peters or' the Dayton the m8l Pulitzer Prize for general (Ohio) Daily News won the prize for reporUng y~rday for coverage of I really believed in it," she said yesterday. "I thought to myself, cartooning. Among cartoons specif· the et¥Ptions of Mount St. Helens. ically cited • was Qne . contrasting 'Th~ stupid publishers.' " The national reporting awa rd health warnings against saccharin But with the determination of 'with the lack of restrictions · on . ~nt. to John M. Crewdson of the N4fw York Times for his stories a proud · mother, she sent the pistols in this country. manuscript to novelist Walkei; Per­ about illegal alierts and immigra­ That cartoon featured a pic­ tion.-:· cy. He persuaded the Louisiana State University Press to publish it. ture of a pistol and a package of 'l'be Cha~lotte <N.CJ Obsenw A paperback version will be out saccharin. "This killed 9000 Ameri· took the gold medal for !\1eritorious soon. cans last year," read one section of the caption. "This killed.four \()bite Public Service for 2'l articles and 1 eigb(~torials calling attention to "I bad nothing else to live for," rats." it said of the saccharin.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dispute Elections of 1876 and 2000
    System Breakdown: The Dispute Elections of 1876 and 2000 Author: Kristina Pflanz Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/392 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2005 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. 1 Table of Contents Author’s Preface 2 1 Introduction 4 2 Election of 1876 9 3 Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes 31 4 Election of 2000 38 5 Presidency of George W. Bush 83 6 Conclusion 91 Appendix I: Electoral College Map 1876 98 Appendix II: Electoral College Map 2000 101 Appendix III: Palm Beach Ballot, Florida County Map 104 Appendix IV: Chronology of Election 2000 106 Works Cited 109 2 Author’s Preface That “crazy election” wa s the event that stood out the most during my s enior year of high school in 2000 -2001. I was only seventeen years old at the time of the election, and therefore could not vote in it. But even though I was not eligible to participate in the election, I – along with the rest of the country – was completely mesmerized as the post-election events unfolded. Although I tried to keep up with everything, I soon became confused by all the different lawsuits and what their results meant. After Bush v. Gore was re vealed on December 12, I was disappointed by the result but not surprised – George W. Bush had been the presumptive winner, and that had not changed since the day after Election Day . The finality that December 12 brought, however, did not change my sentim ents: why didn’t my guy win? I had read many newspaper articles that told of voter disenfranchisement in Palm Beach County and questionable legality of Bush votes.
    [Show full text]
  • Journalistic Networks and the Diffusion of Local News: the Brief, Happy News Life of the “Francisville Four”
    This is a repository copy of Journalistic Networks and the Diffusion of Local News: The Brief, Happy News Life of the “Francisville Four”. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/127472/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Anderson, CW orcid.org/0000-0002-3893-8411 (2010) Journalistic Networks and the Diffusion of Local News: The Brief, Happy News Life of the “Francisville Four”. Political Communication, 27 (3). pp. 289-309. ISSN 1058-4609 https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2010.496710 © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Political Communication on 06 Aug 2010, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2010.496710 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ 1 “The Role Played by Journalistic Networks in the Construction of “Public” Issues: The Brief, Happy News Life of the ‘Francisville Four,” Chris Anderson Revise and Resubmit at Political Communication 2 “Common Knowledge” About the Blogger-Journalist Relationship The last eight years have seen the analysis of the relationship between “blogging” and “journalism” emerge as an academic growth industry.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Financial Journalism For? Ethics and Responsibility in a Time of Crisis
    What is financial journalism for? Ethics and responsibility in a time of crisis and change Report by damian tambini polis, lse www.polismedia.org email: [email protected] www.charliebeckett.org www.lse.ac.uk/collections/media@lse/ www.lcc.arts.ac.uk www.polismedia.org email: [email protected] www.charliebeckett.org www.lse.ac.uk/collections/media@lse/ www.lcc.arts.ac.uk 2 What is financial journalism for? Ethics and responsibility in a time of crisis and change Report by damian tambini polis, lse I am grateful to Isabelle Cao Lijun, Terence Kiff, Eva Knoll, Judy Lin, and Gladys Tang for research assistance relating to this article. Thanks also to those that contributed in the seminars and interviews, who are listed in the appendix. Preface A Crisis for Financial Journalism? The current crisis in global banking, markets and economies has reminded us all of the importance of financial and business journalism. It has also raised a set of profound questions as to the quality of that form of reporting. Why didn’t we know this was coming? Did the journalists fail to put the financial system under proper scrutiny? Are they equipped to deal with the continuing complex story? Is this representative of a wider problem with the news media? This pamphlet seeks to address some of those questions. Research for this report began before the Northern Rock scandal. It is not a knee- jerk response. It attempts to set out a framework for a critical analysis of financial journalism. Therefore, we believe it is a useful tool for addressing the present debate about the coverage of the developing crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • Minutes — American Society of Newspaper Editors Board of Directors Meeting October 16-17, 1992 -- Marriott Marquis, New York City
    1275 Minutes — American Society of Newspaper Editors Board of Directors Meeting October 16-17, 1992 -- Marriott Marquis, New York City Mr. Topping called the meeting to order. The following were present, with absences noted. Board members attending: Seymour Topping, New York Times Co., president Bill Hilliard, Portland Oregonian, vice president Gregory Favre, Sacramento (Calif.) Bee, secretary Bill Ketter, Quincy (Mass.) Patriot Ledger, treasurer Linda Cunningham, Rockford (Ill.) Register Star Jack Driscoll, Boston Globe Al Fitzpatrick, Knight-Ridder, Inc., Miami Bob Giles, Detroit News Bob Haiman, The Poynter Institute, St. Petersburg, Fla. Jane Healy, Orlando (Fla.) Sentinel Al Johnson, Columbus (Ga.) Ledger-Enquirer Dave Lawrence, Miami Herald Ron Martin, Atlanta Journal and Constitution Tim McGuire, Minneapolis Star Tribune Marcia McQuern, Riverside (Calif.) Press-Enterprise Acel Moore, Philadelphia Inquirer Geneva Overholser, Des Moines (Iowa) Register Sandy Rowe, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star Board member absent: Chris Anderson, Orange County Register, Santa Ana, Calif. Edward Seaton, Manhattan (Kan.) Mercury Committee chairs: Lou Boccardi, Associated Press Shelby Coffey, Los Angeles Times Frank Denton, Wisconsin State Journal, Madison Jim Herman, Ottaway Newspapers, Campbell Hall, N.Y. Beverly Kees, Fresno (Calif.) Bee John Lee, New York Times Diane McFarlin, Sarasota (Fla.) Herald-Tribune Pat Murphy, Paradise Valley, Ariz. Peter Prichard, USA Today Arnold Rosenfeld, Cox Newspapers, Atlanta John Simpson, USA Today International
    [Show full text]
  • The Archive of American Journalism Ray Stannard Baker Collection
    The Archive of American Journalism Ray Stannard Baker Collection McClure’s Magazine September, 1898 How the News of the War is Reported WAR with Spain began, so far as the newspapers were concerned, when the “Maine” was blown up in Havana harbor. The explosion occurred at 9.40 o’clock on the evening of February 15, 1898. At half-past two on the following morning the first reports, filed by the correspondents in Havana, reached New York, and at daylight newsboys in every city in America were crying the extras which gave the details of the disaster. Before noon on the 16th, a tug steamed out of the harbor at Key West with three divers on board. In the few hurried hours after the news reached New York “The World” had telegraphed its representative in Key West, and divers had been roused out of bed, had collected their paraphernalia, and had embarked on the newly chartered tug for Havana. Early in the afternoon, “The World” correspondent in Havana received the following cabled instructions: “Have sent divers to you from Key West to get actual truth, whether favorable or unfavorable. First investigation by divers, with authentic results, worth $1,000 extra expense tomorrow alone.” But when the divers arrived, they were not allowed to make a descent, and all that the newspaper sponsors of the enterprise derived from the expedition was a bill of expense amounting to nearly $1,000. This was the beginning. During the next few days scores of correspondents were rushed into Havana, and half a hundred great newspapers began to fill with news and pictures of the wreck.
    [Show full text]
  • The Obama Administration and the Press Leak Investigations and Surveillance in Post-9/11 America
    The Obama Administration and the Press Leak investigations and surveillance in post-9/11 America By Leonard Downie Jr. with reporting by Sara Rafsky A special report of the Committee to Protect Journalists Leak investigations and surveillance in post-9/11 America U.S. President Barack Obama came into office pledging open government, but he has fallen short of his promise. Journalists and transparency advocates say the White House curbs routine disclosure of information and deploys its own media to evade scrutiny by the press. Aggressive prosecution of leakers of classified information and broad electronic surveillance programs deter government sources from speaking to journalists. A CPJ special report by Leonard Downie Jr. with reporting by Sara Rafsky Barack Obama leaves a press conference in the East Room of the White House August 9. (AFP/Saul Loeb) Published October 10, 2013 WASHINGTON, D.C. In the Obama administration’s Washington, government officials are increasingly afraid to talk to the press. Those suspected of discussing with reporters anything that the government has classified as secret are subject to investigation, including lie-detector tests and scrutiny of their telephone and e-mail records. An “Insider Threat Program” being implemented in every government department requires all federal employees to help prevent unauthorized disclosures of information by monitoring the behavior of their colleagues. Six government employees, plus two contractors including Edward Snowden, have been subjects of felony criminal prosecutions since 2009 under the 1917 Espionage Act, accused of leaking classified information to the press— compared with a total of three such prosecutions in all previous U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Hudson's Front Matter.Vp
    User's Guide Listings in Hudson's Washington News Media Contacts fall into several major media categories: • News Services • Newspapers • Syndicates & Columnists • Radio & TV Stations • Magazines & Periodicals The Table of Contents is your detailed guide through these major categories and their subdivisions. In the case of major media—Newspapers, Radio & TV Stations, and Magazines & Periodicals—the listings are organized by type of news—general and specialized, as well as by their connection to DC—those with a DC Bureau and those headquartered in the DC metro area. This 2019 edition includes four indexes to help you to find exactly what you are looking for: • Entry Name Index is an alphabetical listing of all media organizations, including newspapers, television, magazines, radio, and more. • Geographic Index/Foreign Media is a guide to all foreign media with a presence in D.C. arranged by country and then city. • Personnel Index is an alphabetical listing of all media contacts, including publishers, editors, bureau chiefs, correspondents, reporters, photographers, and more. • Magazine Subject Index lists all magazines by their topic, from Advertising & Public Relations to Urban Affairs. Key Telephone Numbers Senate Press Gallery ..........................................(202) 224-0241 House Press Gallery ..........................................(202) 225-3945 U.S. Senate Radio & Television Correspondents Gallery..............(202) 224-6421 House Radio Television Correspondents’ Gallery ...................(202) 225-5214 Senate Periodical
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Pulitzer Papers
    Joseph Pulitzer Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Prepared by Grover Batts with the assistance of Paul Colton Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2011 Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 2011 Finding aid URL: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms011159 Collection Summary Title: Joseph Pulitzer Papers Span Dates: 1897-1958 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1925-1955) ID No.: MSS75797 Creator: Pulitzer, Joseph, 1885-1955 Extent: 67,500 items; 193 containers; 77.2 linear feet; 163 microfilm reels Language: Collection material in English Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: Newspaper editor and publisher. Family and general correspondence, subject material, business files, and personal financial papers relating primarily to Pulitzer's editorship of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Anderson, Paul Y., 1893-1938--Correspondence. Baruch, Bernard M. (Bernard Mannes), 1870-1965--Correspondence. Bovard, Oliver Kirby, 1872-1945--Correspondence. Brandt, Raymond P. (Raymond Peter), 1896-1974--Correspondence. Byrd, Richard Evelyn, 1888-1957--Correspondence. Chandler, Norman, b. 1899--Correspondence. Childs, Marquis W. (Marquis William), 1903-1990--Correspondence. Conant, James Bryant, 1893-1978--Correspondence. Crowley, Raymond L.--Correspondence. Davis, Dwight Filley, 1879-1945--Correspondence. Davison, Frederick Trubee, b. 1896--Correspondence. Dilliard, Irving, 1904-2002--Correspondence.
    [Show full text]
  • Steven Piott the RIGHT of the CARTOONIST
    Steven Piott CLARION UNIVERSITY THE RIGHT OF THE CARTOONIST: SAMUEL PENNYPACKER AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESS Those who have studied the role of the press during the Progressive 1Era have devoted considerable attention to the importance of muckraking. Having only recently emerged from the depression of the 1890s, and more aware than ever before of the impact of economic change on their lives and interested in understanding the workings of the political economy more clearly, the reading public was receptive to a new style of journalism. Playing on a public thirst for sensationalism, and tapping the emerging enthusiasm for issue-focused politics, journal- ists relied on exposes. Works like Lincoln Steffens' Shame of the Cities, Ida Tarbell's History of Standard Oil, and Upton Sinclair's The Jungle began as serialized articles in newspapers and magazines and shocked readers with accounts of political corruption, corporate malfeasance, the sale of adulterated meat and inhuman working conditions. These journalists were supported by the often overlooked editorial cartoonists. Cartoons like Frederick Burr Opper's series on the trusts, Homer Davenport's depictions of Mark Hanna, or the creative contributions of countless other cartoonists working the beat of municipal politics, grabbed the readers attention in much the same way.' Working together muckrakers educated the American people about the widespread cor- ruption and exploitation that seemed to intensify with the growth of industrial capitalism. Collectively they described the moral and ethical degeneration of a society where individuals seemed to conspire against the commonweal, violating laws and jeopardizing free institutions. Backing their bold accusations and biting satire with factual details, reporters and cartoonists created a unique journalistic moment that was both a response to a spirited public indignation and a means of focusing that anger and turning it into citizen activism.
    [Show full text]
  • Looking Back to Go Forward: Remaking Detainee Policy*
    Looking Back to Go Forward: Remaking U.S. Detainee Policy* by James M. Durant, III, Lt Col USAF Deputy Head, Department of Law United States Air Force Academy Frank Anechiarico Distinguished Visiting Professor of Law United States Air Force Academy Maynard-Knox Professor of Government and Law Hamilton College [WEB VERSION] April, 2009 © James Durant, III, Frank Anechiarico * This article does not reflect the views of the Air Force, the United States Department of Defense, or the United States Government. “By mid-1966 the U.S. government had begun to fear for the welfare of American pilots and other prisoners held in Hanoi. Captured in the midst of an undeclared war, these men were labeled war criminals. .Anxious to make certain that they were covered by the Geneva Conventions and not tortured into making ‘confessions’ or brought to trial and executed, U.S. Ambassador-at-Large Averell Harriman asked [ New Yorker correspondent Robert] Shaplen to contact the North Vietnamese.” - Thomas Bass (2009) ++ Introduction This article, first explains why and how detainee policy as applied to those labeled enemy combatants, collapsed and failed by 2008. Second, we argue that the most direct and effective way for the Obama Administration to reassert the rule of law and protect national security in the treatment of detainees is to direct review and prosecution of detainee cases to U.S. Attorneys and adjudication of charges against them to the federal courts. The immediate relevance of this topic is raised by the decision of the Obama Administration to use the federal courts to try Ali Saleh Kahah al-Marri in a (civilian) criminal court.
    [Show full text]