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INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 2014 · Ecanarias 2015 BANDA ANCHAEN OBSERVATORIO CANARIODE CANARIAS 2014 (Edición 2015) INFORME DE

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INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 2014 · Ecanarias 2015 BANDA ANCHAEN OBSERVATORIO CANARIODE CANARIAS 2014 (Edición 2015) INFORME DE INFORME DE INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 2014 · eCANARIAS 2015 BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 2014 (edición 2015) OBSERVATORIO CANARIO DE INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 2014 (edición 2015) OBSERVATORIO CANARIO DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES Y DE LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN Edita: OBSERVATORIO CANARIO DE LAS TELECOMUNICACIONES Y DE LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN AGENCIA CANARIA DE INVESTIGACIÓN, INNOVACIÓN Y SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN Avenida de Buenos Aires, 5 Edificio Tres de Mayo, 2ª planta 38071 Santa Cruz de Tenerife C/ León y Castillo, nº 200 Edificio Servicios Múltiples III, 6ª planta 35071 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Febrero de 2016 www.octsi.es Esta obra está distribuida bajo una Licencia Reconocimiento - No comercial – Sin obras derivadas 3.0 España de Creative Commons, disponible en: http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/ (resumen) y http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ es/legalcode.es (texto completo). Se permite la copia, distribución y comunicación pública de la obra siempre que se reconoz- ca a sus autores, se realice sin fines comerciales o lucrativos, y no se altere, transforme o genere una obra derivada a partir de ella. Diseño y maquetación: DAUTE DISEÑO, S.L. ÍNDICE I. INTRODUCCIÓN 7 II. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO 9 III. CONTEXTO 13 1. Desarrollo de la banda ancha 13 2. Situación del sector de las telecomunicaciones 22 3. Velocidad de la banda ancha 24 4. Penetración de la banda ancha 27 5. El mercado de la banda ancha 29 5.1. El mercado de fibra oscura de España 33 5.2. Situación competitiva por centrales en España 34 6. Cables submarinos 35 IV. LA BANDA ANCHA EN CANARIAS 43 1. Infraestructura de acceso 44 1.1.Telefonía móvil 51 2. Líneas de banda ancha en servicio 52 2.1. Análisis por tecnología 52 2.2. Análisis por operador y modo de acceso 58 3. Penetración de la banda ancha 62 4. El mercado de la banda ancha fija 65 V. INICIATIVAS Y NOVEDADES NORMATIVAS EN TELECOMUNICACIONES 71 1. Europa 71 2. España 76 2.1. Actuaciones de la CNMC 80 3. Canarias 82 VI. CUADRO DE MANDO 85 VII. ÍNDICES DE FIGURAS Y TABLAS 87 7 I. INTRODUCCIÓN El presente documento, que constituye A continuación se realiza un análi- el quinto informe anual sobre la ban- sis de la situación de la banda ancha da ancha en Canarias elaborado por el fija en Canarias en comparación con OCTSI, analiza el desarrollo de las in- España atendiendo al despliegue de fraestructuras de telecomunicación y la infraestructuras de acceso, las líneas evolución de la banda ancha en el Ar- en servicio, el nivel de adopción de la chipiélago, y evalúa el grado de cumpli- banda ancha y la competitividad del miento en Canarias de los objetivos mar- mercado. cados por las distintas iniciativas políticas en este ámbito, concretamente las agen- Más adelante se repasan las iniciativas das digitales europea y española y la ley políticas de desarrollo de la banda an- general de telecomunicaciones de 2014. cha, así como la normativa más desta- cada que afecta al sector de las teleco- En primer lugar se resume el contexto municaciones y que ha sido generada en el que se desarrollan las telecomu- en el último año en Europa, España y nicaciones en el Archipiélago, mediante Canarias. Además, en el ámbito nacio- una breve revisión, centrada en Europa nal, se repasan las principales actuacio- y España, de la evolución de la banda nes e iniciativas de la Comisión Nacional ancha, su velocidad y nivel de adopción, de los Mercados y de la Competencia el sector de las telecomunicaciones, y la (CNMC), mientras que en el regional se situación competitiva del mercado. Ade- revisan las iniciativas públicas existentes más, se repasa la evolución de los cables de despliegue de infraestructuras de te- submarinos en el entorno de Canarias. lecomunicaciones. 8 · INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA CANARIAS 2014 (EDICIÓN 2015) Finalmente, el informe incorpora un cuadro de indicadores relacionados con la banda ancha (despliegue, adopción, mercados) con valores para la UE28, Es- paña y Canarias. 9 II. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO En comparación con el resto de comu- tura de la banda ancha en Canarias del nidades autónomas, Canarias tiene una 44% para la alta velocidad (≥ 30 Mbps) posición retrasada en el despliegue de y del 39% para la muy alta velocidad todas las tecnologías fijas a excepción (≥ 100 Mbps), ambas a gran distancia del FTTH. El conjunto de tecnologías fijas de la cobertura media nacional, que en ofrece a principios de 2015 una cober- ambos casos supera el 61%. Cobertura de la banda ancha en España y Canarias (Ministerio de Industria, 1T 2015) Cobertura por velocidad en sentido descendente Canarias España Posición CCAA BA fija ≥2 Mbps 83,0% 95,6% 17ª BA fija ≥10 Mbps 67,8% 84,8% 16ª BA fija ≥30 Mbps 43,9% 65,1% 15ª BA fija ≥100 Mbps 39,0% 61,1% 15ª Con la excepción de los municipios de y esta tecnología sólo proporciona una Candelaria, Arafo, Telde y Arrecife, el velocidad de 30 Mbps al 9,1% de la par de cobre es la única tecnología con población canaria (15ª comunidad au- suficiente cobertura fuera de las zonas tónoma). metropolitanas de las islas capitalinas, 10 · INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA CANARIAS 2014 (EDICIÓN 2015) En cuanto a la alta velocidad (al menos 25 y el 50% de la población en Alajeró 30 Mbps), sólo disfrutan de coberturas y Agulo en La Gomera, Güímar en Tene- superiores al 50% de la población los rife, y en los municipios del sur de Gran municipios de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canaria: Mogán, San Bartolomé de Tira- La Laguna, El Rosario, Candelaria, Ara- jana, Santa Lucía de Tirajana, Agüimes e fo, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Telde Ingenio. y Arrecife. La cobertura se sitúa entre el Cobertura de redes fijas ≥30 Mbps en Canarias por municipios (1T 2015) Fuente: OCTSI a partir de datos del Ministerio de Industria, Energía y Turismo. En lo que respecta a las líneas en servicio, crementaron sus líneas en servicio para en 2014 la banda ancha registró en Ca- todos los modos de acceso, mientras que narias un incremento mínimo (0,8%) en en Canarias el crecimiento de la desagre- su número frente a una subida nacional gación del bucle no permitió compensar del 6,2%. la caída de sus líneas de acceso indirecto y de cable. Además, en 2014 en el Archi- Tanto en el ámbito nacional como en piélago no hay operadores alternativos Canarias, el crecimiento de las líneas de ofreciendo fibra hasta el hogar, mientras FTTH de Telefónica proporcionó un saldo que en el conjunto del país ésta fue su se- positivo a este operador. En el conjunto gunda tecnología con mayor adopción. del país, los operadores alternativos in- RESUMEN EJECUTIVO · 11 Evolución interanual de líneas de banda ancha por modo de acceso (2013/2014) 350.000 299.262 300.000 246.243 250.000 200.000 150.000 131.040 100.000 35.174 48.594 28.342 50.000 8.140 0 0 -255 -50.000 -31.698 España Canarias Telefónica Cable Bucle Acceso indirecto FTTH alternativos Fuente: OCTSI a partir de datos de la CNMC. Como resultado, la cuota de líneas de tanto, el mercado de la banda ancha fija banda ancha en Canarias del operador en Canarias continúa siendo el menos histórico creció casi un punto porcen- competitivo de España, y en 2014 la di- tual, mientras que en el conjunto del país ferencia se ha incrementado. descendía 2,5 puntos porcentuales; por Líneas de banda ancha por modo de acceso (2014) 2,1 0,0 100% 5,7 4,0 21,3 80% 29,5 FTTH alternativos 9,5 Acceso indirecto 60% 17,5 Bucle 40% Cable 65,1 Telefónica 20% 44,3 0% España Canarias Fuente: OCTSI a partir de datos de la CNMC. 12 · INFORME DE BANDA ANCHA CANARIAS 2014 (EDICIÓN 2015) En 2014, la penetración (número de lí- muestran una clara divergencia en la neas en servicio por cada cien habitan- evolución de la banda ancha fija en Ca- tes) de la banda ancha fija en Canarias narias en comparación con las medias ha pasado a estar por debajo de la media nacional y comunitaria. nacional. Los datos de los últimos años Evolución de la penetración de la banda ancha. 32 31,1 29,8 30 28,2 28,0 27,4 28 27,2 25,7 26,0 26 27,5 26,2 24,1 26,2 24 24,9 24,2 22 23,2 20 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 UE España Canarias Fuente: OCTSI a partir de datos de CE y CNMC. LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN / ACTUACIONESE VDELOLU CGIÓNOBIERN DEL COOMER DECIO C ELETRÓNIANARIASCO · 13 III. CONTEXTO En este capítulo se resume la situación 1. DESARROLLO DE LA BANDA en la que se encuentran las telecomu- ANCHA nicaciones en el entorno de Canarias, mediante una breve revisión del desa- Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio rrollo de la banda ancha, su nivel de (ODM), adoptados por la Organización adopción, la situación del mercado, y el de Naciones Unidas (ONU) en el año despliegue de los cables submarinos. La 2000 para afrontar las necesidades de información de este apartado se com- los países más pobres, establecieron 21 pleta con las iniciativas políticas para el hitos a alcanzar en un plazo de quince desarrollo de la banda ancha, la norma- años en asuntos como la pobreza, la sa- tiva generada y las principales actuacio- lud, el medioambiente o la igualdad de nes del regulador en el último año; todo género.
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