HISTOliY OF LIMERICK. h. ftula~ess:--Out of a due sense whereof, their Lordships have commanded Limerick, Galway, Clonmel, Carlow, Athlone, nricl inanj o!llc.r cit ics nut l In(, to sipuify unto you their dislike ol such pernicious practices, and that, they do (froin good grounds) apprehend, that persons co~i~inittingsuch mis- towns, now in the possession of the Royalists, through the opera t' ions of dellleanours do (under colour of such their wild carriage and proceedings) Coote and Broughill, only awaited the sign, to pronouncc openly in kvor of' advance some designs ~hichmay be of dangerous consequence to the public Charles II., who was speedily proclaimed king, ancl presentcd, not only a loyal good and safety, if not seasonably looked into and prevented; and do, there- address, but a present of twenty thousand pounds, with four thousnut1 fo tile fore, desire you to inquire into the truth thereof, and to take speedy and Duke of York, and two thousand to the Duke of Gloucester. 'I':lc Omn- effectual course that such persons as are come thither upon that account be wellian confiscations, however, laid the foundation of many fan~ilicsin the excluded the garrison, and not permitted to return or reside there. And if city and county of Limerick, to whom immense grants of land and houm any of the inhabita~ltsprofess themselves such, and shall at any time disturb were given, which were afterwards confirmed to them by the monarcll \\host: the congregations when assembled for the service and worship of God, or father some of them helped to bring to the scaffold, and who now, with a vthernise break the public peace, you are then to secure such persons, and weakness and treachery unparalleled in history, betrayed and ruined tliosc t,ilic care they be proceeded with according to due course of law in sach who fought and bled, and lost all because of their attachment to his causc..' cases lnovirled, having due regard to preserve (by all good ways and nmcans) It was thus that those were caressed who had enlisted under thc b:uiners of the good eovcrnment of that place, and timely to discountenance and sup- the usurper; whilst the Catholics, who expected to see justice done thrrn, press all dlsordcrs. were compelled to mourn over disappointed hopes, and to bend the folly of [T~oar~sIIERBERT, Clk. Council.] placing faith in princes. Whilst the rebellious regicides wre co~firmcilin Council Chamber, Dublin, 25th November, lG56.1 their broad lands, the ancient possessors were huuted to the fastnesscs ul Connaught, and forced to remain within the Mile End, that is, at the distance. The Quakcrs suffered in conscquence a very severe persecution in Lilnerick,2 of a mile from the Shannon, to which they were confined by the Act of nhcre several of them suffered imprisonment, and were scourged. Barbara Settlement ! Bronghill was created Earl of Orrery, Coote, Earl of Mount- Blagdon, a Quakeress, was banished by Colonel Henry Ingoldsby, Governor rath; Sir Maurice Eustace, the old friend of the Marquis of Ormoml, of Limerick. Hc was aided by Lieut.-Colonel Hurd and Major Ralph was made Lord High Chancellor; and Ormond himself who-h:d sunnomitecl Wilson in his violence to the Quakers, who first scttled,in the city two years all his difEculties and dangers, and now basked in the f~dleff~llgence of royal before the above letter was written, and who in 1671 built a meeting-house in Creagh Lane. ' I have given in the preceding chapter a list of some of those who obtained pants at this period, which grants were subsequently confirmed by Act of Charles 11. I annex a few others :-- William Pope obtained large grants in the Liberties of the City of Limerick, arnoonting in all to 900 acres. Grant to Roger Boyle, Earl of Orrery, (enrolled under the Act of Settlement, Nov. Cth, IGGG) comprised the lands of the manor of Tough, viz. Killaragh, Dromalty, Glauragh, and Tonnteriffo (part), 788a. Dromsally, 180a. Moybegan, Portenard, Glsssragh, and Rycesgh, 304a. Crepm and part Cregan, 12Oa. Cullinagh, and part of do., 72Sa. Annagh, 788a. Tobergariffe (parr), CHAPTER XXXI. 223a. Lohenbagh (part), 27a. Corastprecoone, or Carantirocoan, 301a. Caporenat Shenagh, or Capienahene, 310a. Tearaff and Cullenaghshiffe, or Terehiss and Cullenacliffe, 328a. Clungt- loghm, 27a. DEATH OF CROMWELL-ACCESSION OF CHARLES 11.-DISAPPOINTNENT OF Barony Outhneybeg, Co. Limerick, &c. CATHOLICS.-ILEWARDS OF THE REGICIDES AND ADVENTURERS.-GUNTS.- Grants under the Commission of Gmse." I'rinledJolio. TILADESMEN'S TOKENS.-GRANT OF FISHERIES TO SIR GEORGE YREST0N.- 1684. To Digby Fonlkes of various lands in Limerick and Cork. PS. 5 and C. LORD OILlLERY. -CORPORATION DOINGS, &C. &C. - Grant to John Crips, of estatesin the Co. of Limerick, and within the liberties. Id. p. G. Do. to Thomas Maunsell in this County. ld. p. 6. - Do. to George and Simon Purdon of lands here and in Clare Co. HEAVY Id. p. 7. " A blow and a !great discouragement" now awaited the Crom- - Do. to Joseph Stepney of lands in Co. Limerick. Id. p. 7. wellians in the death of their darling, who " was hurried to his woe" in 1657, - Do. to Thady Quin of lands in Clare and Limerick, including weirs and fisheries. Id. p. S. bequeathing a title which did not long survive him, to his son Richard - Do. to Joseph Ormsby. Id. p. 8. - Do. to Thomas Power. Id. p 9. Cromwell, vho wanted the sagacity, the talent, the unscrupulousness, and the .Do. to liobert Nayley. Id. p. 9. daring of his father to support a position which demanded at this time more Do. to Edward Rice of lands in the Barony of Cooello, Id. p. 12. even of those qualities than the Protector could lay claim to, to retain his Do. to Henry Widdenham. Id. p. 17. Do. to Brooke Briges. Id. 18. hold of power. With the exception of Ludlow and Sir Hardress Waller, Do. to Patrick Sarsfield. Id. IS. there were few others who were either able or willing to sustain a tottering 1685. To Laurence Clayton, in Cork Co., and in Limerick Co. and City. Id. 34. dominion. Broughill, Coote, Monk, Lambert, and others, who had raised - Do. in the City of Limerick to Doctor Jeremy Hall. Id. 36. - Do. to Samuel Burton. Id. 36. themselves tb fortune, if not to fame, on the Protectorate, now began Do. in Cork and Limerick, to Nicholas Lysoght. Id. 36. to desert a cause which, in more prosperous seasons, had been dear to them. - Do. in the liberties of Limerick and Rilmallock. Id. 37. - Do. within the City of Limerick, very extensively, to Archbishop Michael Boyle. ld.p.3i-6 1 Entries of Lettcrq, &C., h. 30, p. 2 12. Do. to Dame Mabell Tynte and to Henry Tynte. Id. p. 41. 1686. Grant of a small portion of lands in this Co., with extensive po~seasions in Mayo :in4 Pe: I'ulle~'~.iccouut of the persecutiona of the Quakers, &C. Sligo. Id. 46-7. - Do.-to Daniel Kebb. Id. 47. tqected. 'They vere told, when they presented their claiins 111 Londcn, t., desist from further applications, because one of their agents was Sir R-icholns snnshine, was raised to s Dukedom, andthe Wceroydty of Ireland, and Purcell, who was alleged to have subscribed a document by nl~ichthe agcnts of territories in eight counties.' the Suprcmc Council of the Confederates were emponwed to inakc n.i ofFcr of Thus the cqof hope which had been presented to the lips of the Irish the sovereignty of Irelalzd to thc Pope, or any Catholic priilcc, proxiclctl they C&holics, was rudely dashed from it by hands from which better treatment was received cssential assistance in the recovery of their civil and rcli; " 011s privileges. IliliL~tmust nre think of him who, described by Sir Roljert 8onthn-ell, is 1 1,ands granted to the Duke of Ormonde by the Act of Settlement and Court of 1. p. 132. said to be "the truc standard of his own office, regcneratiug therein ;hose Carte's &VL071d, Vol. 1 OLD PROPFXE LAsm CoUXTIEs Mr. Kelly pillars of a Church that Jo at the same time adorn as nell as suppo~tthe I- Galway &lr Nicholas Wogan Holy Fabric,"-whilst he (Ormond) in reference to his 01~11 acomn!on.; Kildare Bforris Fitzgerald position, observes, in writing of the Earl of Orrery's letters and c1espntcl.tcs: Lord Dunboyne Neath George Elackney "I know well and so does he, that I am born with some disadv~?utng~sas to Dublin Patrick Walsh the present juncture, besides my natural weakness and infirmkics, ancl such Kilnure, &c. . . . James Butler Carrigbeg, &C. * - as I can no more free myself from than they from me. My f~fhcranti Waterlord .... Ulick Wall Edm. Birne mother lived and died Papists, and bred all their childrcn so, mcl 1, Ey GoJ's Catherlogh Kilcorle, &c. . - . Gerald Nolan Galliceally, &c. . , . merciful Providence was educated in the true Protestant religion, from n-hich r Balligowen, alias Smith'stown' { Walter Walsh I never swerved towards either extreme, not when it 11-35 most (lange~ousto I and New-Church . J . 511. Archer profess it, and most advantageous to quit it. My brothers and sisters, though Rathana, &c. . . Pierce Shortall Rathardmore . they were not man)-, were very fruitf~dand very obstiu;tc (thy call it con- Robert Shortan stant) in their \my; their fruitfulness has spread into a large allinnce, nud Tubrid, &C. . Pierce Butler Ballynoran . . . John White thcir obstinacy has made it altogether Popish. It TVOLII~bc no sillall co~i~fort 'i &lyler's-town . Edward Gutler Hussey's-town . . to me, had it pleased God it had been otherwise, that I liligllt have cnltzrgztl , Edrnond Prendergasi Fleming's-town my industry to do them good and serve them, more effceiunlIy to them, and . . Darid Walsh Moore-town, &C. . . Nieholas Whyte more safely to myself; but as it is I am taught by nature, and also bp instruc- Borrinduffe, h. . Tbomas Whpte l1 Rotbloose, &c. . tion, that difference of opinion in matters of religion clissol\ CS not th:: obliga- . Theo. Butler lnocklosty, &C. . tions of nature, and in conformity to this principle, I own not only what I . Tho. Butler !atlicastin have done, but that I will do my relations of that or any other persuasion ames-town - . Solomon Whyto )rchard's-town . Edmond Bray all the good I can, but I confess at the same time, that if I find any of them . l\lorris Keating .oghlohery . . . Xichard seating who are nearest to me acting or conspiring rebellion, o~ against the govern- hegrath, &C. - Edmond Butler ment, and the religion estabhshed among us, I will endeavour to bring them Boytonrath . . Walter Butler Cmtle-&loyle, &c. . to punishment sooner than the remotest stranger of my blood. I know Shanbally Duffe . Pierce Butler Walter Butler professions of this nature are easily made, and therefore, sometimes little Ballinree . . . . Sir Richard Everara credited; but I claim some belief from my known practice, for I have been Rathconne . - Thomas Butler so unfortunate as to have had kinsmen in rebellion, and so fortunate as to Brechindow ne, &C. James Butler see some of them fall when commanded-in-chief: those that remain, have . iWalter Hackett I I Miler's-tow =chard Birmingham hope, changed their principles as to rebellion ; if they have not, I an1 sure Ballihomucke . . TJ-llacaslane . , piers Butler they will find I have not changed mine."' We11 indeed was he designatcd Ballinadlea . William Butler the unkind Deserter of loyal men and true friends ! . Sirnon Salt Balliowen, &C. . At this period manufactures were so flourishing in the province of Mnnster, Bulliknocke . . Redmond Magrath Cloran . - . Robert Shee and particularly in Limerick, that Lord Orrery, writing 02 the 8th of Miltown . . Lord Dunboyne December, 1661, iu the Duke of Ormond, states "that he could get the Tullaghmaine, &c. , . Richard Comin : Edmond Hogan Munster clothiers to clothe the soldiers there on the credit of the Subsidy Coolenagon . Toburbryen . . Dan Rydn Bill," and states ('it was the least of his thoughts that others should be Lislin Franca . . W. Burke clothed and those in the province not."2 Moinarde . Edm. Heyden , . . James Archer must be admitted too, that the Duke of Ormond exerted himself with Archer's:" . It , Cloghmartin . . James Butler very great success to introduce manufactures, particuiarly of woolleus, into Tulloma~nJames. . Lord Ikerrs-n Chick-on-Suir and Kilkenny, where they flourished far a long period, and Mopetemple . Edmond Heyden . Richard Bourke where, notwithstanding every impediment, they have not totally ceased to lI Boresoleigh . . W. Kennedy this day. I Philip Glisan. acres,, two roods and eight pdes, ' Thorpe.8 Catalogue of the South~ell>!PS. 2 Orrery's State Le! terr. * Smith's-town contained 834 acres, and New-Church 116 Robert Walsh and hia heirs male, for the rent of f 5 a pear. and was panted by the Duke to 200 HISTOKT OF LIMERICK.

S. In Cromwell's time and subsequently, up to 1679, trademen's tokens were issued in Limerick. At first they were permitted to circulate owing to the absence of sterling coin. In reference to these coins, I find that at a meeting of the Corporation, held in 1673,' it was ordered that the Corpor- ation farthings, stamped in 1658, should pass current in the City and Liberties, at the rltte of 20s. for 18s. There are not many of these coins now in existen~e.~On the 23rd of October, 1673, these farthings were called iu by the Corporation and reissued at par. So strong was the impression made in France, and throughout Europe generally, by the unspeakable injustices which were flagrantly perpetrated against the too conficling Catholics of Ireland, by Charles 11.) and his advisers Lord Clarendon and the Duke of Ormond, that His Most Christian Majesty, the King of France, addressed a remonstrance to Charles 11. on the subject, in which he reminded him of the way in which he (the King of France) had treated the Huguenots, \l-horn he himself had treated with perfect impar- tiality when their claims were brought before him, taking occasion at the same time to acquaint Charles with the feelings, which prevailed universally on the subject of the persecution of the Irish people on account of their religi~n.~ In this year, during the Mayoralty of Henry Bindon, Sir George Preston got a patent for the great Lax weir and fishery of the Shannon4 from its

1 The Corporation Book containing the entry is in the British Museum. 2 I am indebted to dquilla Smith. Esq. M.D. of Baggot-street, Dublin, for a full list of the lradesmen's Tokens, Cc., issued in Limerick between the years 1668 and 1679 :- l. Obv. " Limerick" in the centre.-A Castle. Kev " Clare."-Three towers. v 2. Obv. 'l Citty of Limerick -A Castle. Eev. 'LChange and Charity"-1658. 3. Obv. " Limerick Butchers"-A paschal lamb. Rev. !' Halfpenny, 16iY"'The Butchers' Arms. 4. Obr. " Snthony Bartlett, 1C'il"-Arms--three fishes fretted in triangle. Rev. " Of Lymrick B1erchant"-Three Castles, ID. h. Another similar, but sn~allerand without ID. 6. Obv. "John Bell, Mercht." Rev. 'LIn Limrick." 5. Obv. "John Bennet, Merc." Rev. 'LLymriclr Penny"-1668. 8. Obv. " Edward ClarkeV-E.C. ID. Rev. 'L Of Lvmerick, 1GiO"-A cock. 9. Obv. " Edward ClarkeV-A cock. Rev. Of h he rick, 1670"-E. C. f. 10. Obv. '' Rowland Creagh." Rev. '' Lymrick, Mercht." 11. Obr. Of Limerickv-B. C. Rev. LLNearKey Lane"-1688. IS. Oh. " Tho. Linch of Limrick7'-Crest of the Butchers' Company, a winged bull. Rev. " IIis Ilalfpeny Token, 1679"-A harp. 13. Obv. " Thomas Marten, 1669"-Three castles, two and one. Rev. 'Ll\lerchant in Lym- rick"-T. &l. 14. Obv. '' Richard Pearce of"-A mortar and pestle. Rev. " Lhick, Apotbecar9'-R.M.P. 1668. 16. Obv. " Willism Rimpland1'-A man dipping candles. Rev. In Limbriclce His half"- " Peny, 16'79.'' 16. Obv. " Ed. Wight of Limbrik"-Three castles. Rev. " His Half Peny, 167T'-A ship. 17. Another similar but of rude workmanship. A iariety of No. 2 has City" instead of '-Citty " in Ferrar's plate, fig. 3. Dr. Smith has also a small variety of No. 14, and three varieties of Ho. 1, none of them are in good preservation. In Dr. Smith's Cabinet :- No. l. Three varieties-two of them engraved in Ferrar's Limerick. 2 13 3 14 4 15 G 16 12 I ha~eshe of the above coins ; but my collection is not by any means so perfect as that of Dr. Smith, who stands deservedly high as an authority on all matters relating to Iristr coins. a This letter appears in the " Itecit Exact et Fidele, be.," published in Paris, 1696. '?'he Letters Patent to him bear date 27th July, 130 Chas. I1 ; in these letters it is set forth that " divers fishings of salmon and pihe and other fish, and also eels and eel weirs, and divers source to the sea. After very lengthened disputes and litigation, a com- promise was effected in 1677, when the Corporation gave a sum of £1,500 to Sir John Preston, who surrendered his patent in consequence. The litigation in reference to Sir George Preston's patent was, as I have said, carried on for a long period; and matters came to light, whicli if now thoroughly known, might cause some changes for the benefit of the public in connection with this great fishery. In the British Museum, there is a minute book of the Corporation of Limerick, from the year 1672 to 1685, mills in and upon the River Shannon, as well belonging to Corporations as other Proprietors, &c. &c. &C., are devolved and fallen to us by the delinquency, forfeiture, attainder, or rebellion, of the several proprietor and proprietors of the said mills and fishingy * * * * and whereas we retain a gracious sense of the many services performed to us by our trusty and well-beloved subject, Sir George Preston, Knight, and also of his great sufferings in our service," &c * * The grant is then formally given and set forth of the fishing of pike and salmon in the great salmon weir, called the Lax weir, and all other fishings in the Rirer Shannon. The fisheries of Limerick have been for many ages invested with an extraordinary amount of interest, which has not ceased in the slightest degree up to the present moment. We have seen (p. 45), that on the 12th of January, 1200, King John granted to William De Braosa the honor of Limerick, &C., retaining among other things, in waters and mills, in fish-ponds, and fisheries and ponds, in ways and pathways, and in all other places and things to that honor partaining, &c We have seen (page 54) the grant was made to Edmund Bishop of Limerick ; and (pp. 56-61 and 62) the commission to Geoffrey de Genvylle, and extracts from the Pipe Rolls rendering several accounts in relation thereto-down to the year 1344. I nil1 now summarise the several other important grants, charters, inquisitions, &C., which constitute the title to the Fishery of Limerick. A letter of which the following is an extract was addressed, Gth Edward the lst, to the Chancellor, by Eobert Saint Edrnund :- " Be it known to Sir Robert Burnel, by the Grace of God, Bishop of (-- ) Chancellor of our Lord the King of England, his ~erjeant,Eohert cEe Seyct Emun, who has been dwelling in the service of our Lord the King in Ireland for sixteen years, as has been witnesssd by the Justiciaries and by the people who have been of the Council of our Lonl the King, and still are, tbat is to say, from the time Sir James de Hardeleye, who passed into Ireland with the Justiciary, and brought the aforesaid ltobert with him, and retained him in the service of our Lord the King, for one Hun&ed pence by the year and two ltobes,-of which the aforesaid nobert received in the theof Sir James the two Robes, and nothing of the one Hundred pence." The letter goes on to state that having shewn the King at Dover the services he rerdered, he prayed that he might have the weirs and the fisheries in the wster of Limerick, for so much rent by the year as they could be valued at. That the King complied, and that the Justiciary having reeeived the Royal Command, the Treasurer delivered the weirs to Itobert, without having Inquest taken or extent made. That said Robert paid 20 marks yearly, for that an Inquest had been made when that was ascertained to be the value, hut that he was charged f 25 by the year, and therefore, that the difference may be remitted. 13th Edward lst., 20th June.-The King issued a mandate, that said Edmund should be sxonerated from any sum over 20 marks. Other grants were made by Edward the lst, 2nd, and 3rd, to different patties for short terms, snbject to certain rents. 1st Henry &h, 1414, January.-On this day the King regranted what had been granted by Kings John and Edward, and among other emoluments the profit of a certain fishery, nrhich is Lex weir, with its appurtena&es, to the mayor and c&monalty and their successors, for

Henry Gth, 1423, 12th December.-By charter of this date, Henry 6th conferred the

2nd March, 19th Elizabeth.-The Qneen granted a grant for a lease to Edmond Molyneux, , of the weirs commonly called the Fisher's Stent, near the City of Limerick, which do on weir in the east part, until the river nigh Castle Done1 in the , duties, profits, commodities, and emoluments to them, and er-ery ng, &C., parcel of her Majesty's inheritance and of long time concealed and 4d. Irish Currency. abeth.-On this day the Queen granted an extensive charter to the fisheries as follows :-l' Moreover, we of our special Grace, knowledge, and mere motion, do for ns, our heirs and successors, give and grant to the mayor, bailiff, and citizens of the said city, and their successors for ever, all those weirs Is in the waters of Shannon within the liberties of said city, " called the Lex weirs and s Stent, with all and singular, their profits, members, rights and appmtenances, and to hold nnd cnjoy all end singnlar thc said franchises, jurisdictions, privileges, perambulations, In 1664, Boger Boyle nas made Governor of Limerick, and constable from which, among other items of important iritelligcnce, l learir, tllat om of the Castle of Limerick. Richard Earl of Cork, created Lord Baron of the 2nd of October, 1675, Sir George Preston presented a petition to the Broghill, the 28th of February, in the 2nd year of Charles I. and Earl of Common Council, when it was declared that "from time immcmori;ll there Orrery the 25th of March in the 12th of Charles 11. was famous for his has been a passage for boats and cots through the Lax weir." This is now literary acquirements, and the author of Mflstnylia, said to have been one of a startling fact; and goes to show at all events, that when in pears after- the best plays written in the 17th ccntury : was President of Munster in wards, this same Corporation well nigh stopped up the usual gap altogether, 1660. In 1663 he obtaincd a patent for markets and fairs, to be held and when afterwards, thcy were compellcd to open it-they invcntctl and for ever in his two villages of Rothgogan and Ballyinartra-and afterwards employed e$cry possible cspcdicnt, to rendcr the gap inopel-ative for its procured the two places to be raised into boroughs which returnccl four prop p~~rposcs,and thus pcrpctratd an ooutrngc of flagrant ii;justicc, robbing Members to the Parliament of Ireland, with the nomination of Rccordcrs, the fishermen, in the assumption of a pox cr to which it could lay no claim. Town Clerks, Clerks of the Markets and other officers, to him and his heirs In the follo ing year mere seen too blazing stars-the plague soon came- for ever.' Soon after the re-appointment of thc Duke of Ormonde to the Lord then fire and bloody wars, as White quaintly csprcsses it.' About this time Lieutenancy, Lord Orrery 11'3s enabled to supply him with information of 3 a branch of the Brown family settled in the parish of IWilliam Domville, the Attorney General appearing on behalf of assigned such immense grants of land, being very ostentatious in his displ;~y the Crown and admitting the facts, by an order of the date on margin, tho arrears were of good will to his benefactor and the Earl of Barrymore carrying thc sword of discharged.-Trinity Term, 1665. state before him. Soon after this juncture Lord Orrcry, in 1666, wrotc to 1669, 29th May, 21st Charles 2nd.-By letters patent of this date, after reciting of the 13th Charles 11. the King regrants to Sir George Preston all the aforesaid weir, called Lex weir, &c. the duke, setting forth that as governor of his majesty's castlc and City of A great deal of litigation took place between Sir George Preston and the Corporation in the Court Limerick, the pay was £10 by the year, but there was a perquisite belonging of 'chancery, in whkh his right was disputed. 29th. The King in order to give Sir George a better claim, gave him another patent of the of Limerick, by his wife Annnbella Browne, eldest daughter of John Browne, AIaster of hey. date 1677, 9th February, Charles 2nd. and Catherine O'Ryan, his wife. Joan, the sister of Nary, was the iirst wife of Iiichd Ih~le, A compromise was subsequently entered into between the litigants, by which, in consideration the first Earl of Cork. The walls of the Ancient Chnrch yet remain, and in a niche on ?he of f1500 mid Sir George, the Corporation acquired such interest as he possessed. north side of the high altar, is a rudely shaped statue of a Knight in alto relievo, in sword and - 1 -~hit;s MSS. buckler, which is said to be that of the founder. Keumare Castle is near the village. 2 In a 31s. of the O'Lynnin's, Lynegar or Ihacre, quoted in IIardiman's History of Galway, Aaron Crossly's Peerage of Ireland, p. 57. (p. 10,) the following account of the Brown family is gwen :-" The genealogies of the Brownes 9 In one of his letters he states, that his majesty's L'store house" and magazine in the castle of Ely or Ballyalcain, in the County of Wexford, and partly of the Browns of Galway, Limerick of Limerick is capable of retaining all requisite arms, with a small train fit for a little army, and Waterford,"-Christopher and Richard Browne were the sons of Sir Mathew Browne of although represented by his Lordship, as "so hugely out of repair," that if not speedily repaired, Ballyawcane, hy his first wife Anne, the daughter of Sir John Kedmond, who lived near Bag it was apprehended that it might fall and do much mischief. The two towers which made the and Bun, in the County of Wexford. By his second wife Cordula, daughter of Sir John Hoare, gate house of his nlajesty's castle, and which had been floored and roofed by " the usurpers," of Shenakill, rrear Dungarvan, in the County of Waterford, he had issue six sons-lst, are described by him, as having at that time fallen verv much to decay, and the guard-house Christopher.-2nd, John, who went fdr Connaught and settled himself at the Neale where he which had been made by the same usurpers, was so mulh out of order, that the soldiers within Mor ny Maille, daughter and heiress of Donal O'Alaille, Lord of Um Maille, in the were wetted by every shower. Two houses in the castle, one for officers' quarters, and the other County of Mayo-whose issue still remain, and one called Bounach na heil1e.-3rd, Walter, who intended to accommodate thirty soldiers, which were built by the same usurpers, are also specified went to the County of Limerick, and settled in Kilpeaeon, near Limerick ; he married Catherine, as heir'g much out of repair. Fourteen pounds his Lordship deems sufficient to repair the side daughter and heiress of Sir Joho Fitzgerald, Knight of the Glen.-4th, Edward Browne, who walls, forming the avenue to the castle gate, and to construct at their extremity a small ravelin settled at Kilmeaden near Waterford, and married Anne Power, daughter and heiress of John of sawed palisadoes, which he states would he a great security to the place which had no pro- Power.-Bth, Sir Jdfin Browne, settlednear Galway, and married Bevawn ny Flahertie, daughter tection, and was consequently liable to be surprised, both on the side of Thomond gate and that of &furrough O'Flahertie of West Connaught, from whom is descended Sir Dominick Browne, of the city. He states that "St. John's citadel is in pretty good condition, and the new whose issue now inherit a considerable estate in and about Galway, and in the County of Mayo. bulwark in the king's captle which is filled up with earth, and which is next to the city, three The Browne family of Aney are a different family. Queen Elizabeth granted the Hospital of pounds will repair ; of forty guns, great and small, which are at I,in~cri<.k,th~re ar? bnt three Aney to Sir Valentine Browne, who built a noble Castle at Hospital, which Castle is now in ruins. mounted as they sh(wld IJP,tn.o of xhirh are small brass g~~ns." Sir Valentine's son, Sir Thomas, married Mnrp eldest daughter and CO-heiress of William Apslry to the constable of the castle which is the profit of the king's part of the cipl military positions betweal Cork and Limerick, he states his intention island. He states that the city stands upon the west part of the island; the to place strong parties in Mallow and Limrrick, a precaution on which, added east part is kept for the grazing of the town cattle, and a little spot of it to the arrest of the chiefs of " the fanatics and western Irish," hc relied for enclosed and made a bowling green. He alleges that hc gives the perquisites thc prevention of the enemies' designs. to his own deputy governor, and lets the green for £10 a-year, and the grazing In the Jum of the same year, he announces to the Duke that Myles Reilly, one year with another amounts to £28.' His lordship proceeds-"If by with seven or eight hullclred Irish, had run into rebellion, which he says he your Grace's favor his majesty would give me a lease of his share of the does not suppose ltc would have bccn so mad as to do if he were not sure of island for ninety-nine years, I would build on it, which would be an enlarge- succours from abroad or from horne.2 In conscquencc of this intclligcnce, he ment, beautify and strengthen the city, and after some years an advantage ortlcrccl the lnnyors and govcrnors of Limcricli and C~rli,as the two chief to me and my son,-but that whosoever succeeds in the government may be fortresses of the l)rovincc, to scizc on all the arms in the hands of Catholics no loser by my grant, I shall willingly submit to pay to the crown, or to the within thrse garrisons, and to adopt the same course towards " the fanatics." constable for the time being, during my lease of ninety-nine years £38 a-year 1Ie also issued orders to expel such persons from both citics, crowds of after my decease, which is as much as unbuilt it now yields. The crown wiil be ahom, he says, had come into them, to the endangering of tlie fortresses, no loser for ninety-nine years. The crown will for ever have the benefit of taking advnntngc of the license granted to such of thc Irish as traded by my building. The city also will thereby be much enlarged, beautified, and st:a, or 1% ere otherwise " needful or civil rncnT3 strengthened." At this time Orrery receivctl a seasonable and wclcome assurance from Ireland at this time was in a miserable conditionj2 being deprived of the Colonel Uaniel O'lhyan of Clarc, that he as ready to suppress any rising usual trade with England, by prohibitory duties, and disabled from carrying of the Irish that might takc place in that County, in which the Coloncl on any abroad, not only on account of want of shipping, but of the war informed liinl there were n~myill inclincd Iri~li.~It was in thc same year, with Prance and Holland. Limerick s~dl'ered terribly. A bill for prohibit- lGGG, that :L plot na discloscd to the 1)ukc of Orinonde by Captain ing Irish cattle, which was opposed by the Protestant Bishop of Limerick, Oliver, a gcntlcnlan of the County Limerick, the allcgcd object of which Dr. W. Fuller, by the Honourable Mr. Robert Boyle, by Sir W, Petty, Sir was the rcnloval of tlie King and Lords, the restoration of thc Long Robert Southwell, who attended the committee, but who were refused a Psrliamcnt, several of u hose mernbrrs wcrc said to be implicated, and the copy or notes of the bill, passed the House of Commons with indecent substitution of n "sobcr ministry for bishops." The conspirators, it was haste, by a majority of thirteen, though the king was opposed to it; added, expectc.d assistanrc.5 Tlicy wcrc of course Cromwcllians. but as his majesty was greatly in want of money he dared not disoblige his I have alrmdy referrcd to Ormond's csertions to introduce the woollen faithful Commons. The Lords, however, were not in such a hurry to pass manufacture into Ireland, in which he n as suceessfd, as also the manufacture it; the Duke of York and the Lord Chancellor spoke against it, and the of lincn :G this was in 1667, a year rendered stiU furthcr remarkable by the king declared publicly more than once, that his conscience would not allow occurrence of a most violent storm and a spring title, which did not ebb for him to give that bill the royal assent.3 fourtceu hours, and which, according to Whitc's MSS. rose to the Court- The result was, that the report of the committee appointed to consider the house in Quay Lanc, forced up one of the arches of Ball's Bridge, over- act was delayed until the parliament was prorogued. In the meantime, such floning the shops and houses thereon, carrying away entire houses and quan- was the dangerous condition of the kingdom that Ormonde believed it im- tities of corr,, levelling the banks of the river and wrccking several vessels. perative on him to use every means to counteract their operations. For this The sequel of these evcnts has been thus chronicled in the homely doggrcl purpose he spared no expense to procure proper intelligence to assist him to of Davis's MSS.- provide for the defence of the kingdom, and with this view he sent Captaiu "A drought excessive came, it was so great, Arthur and Captain James Archer to France and the Low Countries, to get The Shannon from the city did retreat ; intelligence of the negotiations carried on with those powers by the disaffected. The Mayor and many more upon dry ground, From these agents he learned that there was no disposition on the part of Outside the walls on foot did walk around." the King of France or his ministers to hearken to the solicitations of the 1 Orrery's Letters. Ibid. persecuted Irish, who had endeavored to induce them to make a descent a In a letter addressed to the satne from Charleville, and dated June Gth, 1666, Lord Orrery upon Ireland-which it appears was exactly the view that Orrery took of it, announces the receipt of important intelligence from the Bishop of Meath, confirming information which he had previously received from some of the natives. The intelligence refers to a great though he did think it likely that the French would send a small force with meeting of the Irish Clergy on the arrival of the Jesuit Father Harris, stated to hare been sent a good supply of arms and ammunition, to secure some position near the sea, by the Catholic Primate Reilly from France, and to considerable meetings, which it was alleged were to be held in that month, to hear the Jesuit's message and advice, and to be assured by him from which the Irish could be supplied with munitions of mar. It was of the speedy arrival of forces, arms, and ammunition, with money in the west, as well as several Orrery's own intention, directly he had heard of the French landing, to seize otber things of a similar character. The meeting place appointed for Munster he says was and burn all the boats from Limerick to Loop Head, in order to cut off Macroimpe (Macroom), where he intended to have one of his people present ; and to show the strenuous efforts made by the clergy to raise money for insurrectionary purposes, he says that communication between the Irish of Clare and Connaught with the rest. under the cloak of pious uses, many great sums had been raised by them, especially in the west In a letter addressed to Ormond,' May 28, 1666, after describing the prin- of Munster, "insomuch that poor servants had been compelled to pay their shillinqs and six- pences." The object of these contributions, namely, the raising of n rebellion, he surmises were State Letters, l p., 276 * Carte's Ormond, 2 vol., 2 p., 323. deemed l' pious uses." 8 Carte, vol. 2, 32. Orrery's State Letters, Vol. 11. pp. 7 SE S. 5 Orrery's State Letters, Vol. I. p. 131-2. Carte's Ormond, Vol. 11. p. 343. HISTORY UP LlMEKICfC. 207

-4 slmdar occurrence, we may add, happened in the Shannon at Athlone bccomt: a Dominican at Salamanca, where he studied, and was subsequently some years ago, when the nntcrs were driven back from their channel, and prof'e>sor of Diviliitg in Coilnbra, died th;s year in Lisbon; he wrote " Com- the bottom l~sposetl,on which occasion inan? curious aatiq~uirianrc~nains mentaria in Totam fdre Sti Thornz Sum~nam,"published in two vols., folio, TI crc formd; and more recently still, ill the sumnlrr of IS6 l, tile bcd of the in 1065. IIe was preparing +m vols. more for the press when he died. Sba~monat Rillnloe bccn~ncquite dry for thc length of tllc clay durin~a high Aiiotlxr James Arthur, also a Dominican, died in 168'J.' gal? of n ind, v hcn trout and salmon wcrc t&n in abnutlancc :IS tliey l;ly As shou-ing how thc Corporation got on at this period, the folloning items witbouf watcr. are of intercet :?--8 October, 1672, Mnu~iceTVall, shoe-maker, admitted fxe Throu~hontthis unfortnnnte reign, the discontent and clissatisfaction of on papncnt of 2s. 63. fim. 'the beaclles vere allo~ved£3 each for previous the pcople throllghont Iroln~itl,a11t1 pmticularly in Limrricir, wry.. ewtume : year, and $4 each forpresent year in nrhicl~also it ms as nc proceed, ~t will be scen tl~tterrible persecution as snffcr~dby those * "ItesolvcJ and ordercd, upon thc petition of Edm~xndPery, Esq., to be who expected f'ecdom of conscience at least horn the goi-crnment, but ~vho admitted a rnernbcr of this Cmncil of this city, in like manner as his prc- were trarupled ul)on in the most outragous: manner, by those .:-h0 deceii cd, decess;lrs, in right of St. Mary's Ilouse, elljojcd such privilege as n major's behycd and pcrsccuted them nith nnrelcntirlg I cr Trance. yere; that it be referred to the liecorder to consider of his demand, nght, 'I'llc proceedings of the Corporation at this prriod (1610),show Iiom ill and report. The mayor was authorised to noininate the comptroller for the at rmthat body n as. An application msmndc o IhgCharles 11. for n pear. renerral of the Charter of James, and for a f~lrtherextension of the privi- 14 October, 167%-The petty custonls of 111 Gntc 2nd Ont Gate at St. leges n hi& n ere thcrcby conferred on tlzc citizens. A rcf~rcnceIT as made John's Gate Iet for one year, for g100 10s.. These customs are set forth:- to the Irish Xaster of the Rolls to report to the Ling on the innttcr; the AYackofWool ...... Sd. rcport nas made to the Tmrl Iientennnt ; and in it the co1:tcnts of the I3a~of IIops ...... 3d. Cl~nrterof daines ~crcset forth, aid the attention of tlic Viceroy was Pack of Cloth ...... 3d. directed to the '' Ken Rules ;~:dCMers for the Regulation of Corporations Firkin of Uuttcr ...... lcl. in Irclantl," thcn rcccntly inrroclncctl. The rcyort further prayed the Lord C., &c. Lieutenant's directions as to n bich of said " New Xdcs and Directions," IIogg ...... $d. nere to be insertcd ia thc proposed iiew Charter to Linlcrick-"snch as Shevpc ...... id. might best consist vith Ili.; Majesty's service and the good of the saic' C'x- Aqunvitz-Pot ...... 3d. porxion." Thi>rcport, rr 11ich is dated the 13th Februnr~,IGI L, rr-as mme- &C., &c. diatclg iollo~~~cdby a proclamation of the New Rules for thc govenime~ltof Same customs at TCounty Clare, being major, began to build the take the oath of supremacy he was deposed. Be disputed the point in Exchange; and York being again chosen mayor, it is said that he finished it Dublin, before the Lord Lieutenant, but to no purpose, for he was obliged a Fron~Corporation Book in British Museum. to yield and lay down his office,' James Arthur, born at Limerick, who had ! TVhite'a DIS3.

I Vnite's USS. 208 II!STOI;Y OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. 209 c. itt his own cost and bestowed: it on thc city; and that he greatly contri- After long disputes with Sir G. Preston, the Lax-weir being finally made buted towards remaking thc ring of bclls in St. Mary's Cathedral, which over to the Corporation, they let the fishings, 29th Jan., 1679, for £284 5s. were this year recast, and that he likewise set up the chimes.l On the a-year, " all members of this council to have a salmon or more to eat in the 14th March, 1673, pcncc being proclaimed in Liincrick betwecn the weir-house castle at any time for nothing." All freemen were to have as English and D~~tch,the new bclls of the cathedral first rang on the occasion, many salmon as they could eat in the castle, at 9d. each.' while tlic 3Iayor and Corporation in their robes rode through the city, the William Yorke, dying in office, a new election was made, 2nd April, 1679, militia marched under arm, and great rejoicings ensued. The Earl of Essex when Mr. Pery gave a double vote, which the Judges of Assize decided to had prcvionsiy scnt down tlic "New Rulcs" for the regulation of thc Corpora- be illegal, and Sir Samuel Foxon voted for himself. The votes were equal; tion, and it \\-as uutlcr thcsc that Wiliiam York was elected Mayor for the but by striking off Sir Samuel's, and one of Mr. Pery's, (given to him) Sir second time as above referrcd to. William King was declared elected. Thomond Bridge and Ball's Bridge had been so much decayed, that the Trade was kept very much in the hands of the freemen. A Waterford Corporation, by the advice of the Mayor, determined that freemen should be merchant bought a cargo of wheat in Sligo-it was driven to Limerick by deprived for one ycar of their exemption from toll, so as to aid in the cost of stress of weather, and sold to one who was not a freeman-so the mayor the rcpairir~;~and licnce the commemoration of the event in the couplet seized it as "foreign bought and foreign sold;" and it was only restored on quotccl bclow. tbe purchaser agreeing to sell one Limerick barrel to every one aho would Thc Marli~t,which ever since the surrender of the city to Ireton had been buy it, at the prlce at which he had bought it wholc~ale.~ hcld outside John's Gate, was this year removed into the city. This market There being a great vacancy of resident aldermen and burgesses in this year, vas at the Eastern estremity of hlungret-strect, and was taken down in William Gribble and Anthony Bartlett were elected aldermen by the Council October, 1801.3 on the 6th of October. So many proclamations were issued out in 1678 against the Catholics, and Standish Hartstonge, Recorder, being made Baron of the Exchequer in so many priests and friars mere transported to France and Spain, that any 1680, Henry Turner, Esq., nephew to the Lord Chancellor, was elected, on thing hkc it was ncvcr known beforc. It was this year that the Rev. his recommendation, in hls place on the 13th March, 1680. Hartstonge Jaspar White, Parish Pricst of St. John's, was taken at the altar by a had held the office since the Restoration.' lieutenant of foot, in his vestments, whilst saying mass, and was in that Bigotry and fanatical hatred of Catholicity were now raging throughout the posturc bronght through the streets to the guard-honse, here he was kept city. On the 29th of June, 1679, being Ascension day, the Pope's picture two hours, until he vas released by the Governor, Sir Willinin King. 'l'o was dragged up and down the river Shannon in a boat, and afterv-ards, with increase the feeling against the Catholics, they reported that King Charles great shoutings was publicly burned in Limerick. This was during the was "poisoned by thc papists." The continued persecntions of the Catholics mayoralty of Sir William King, who was the first mayor who quartered all the in Englancl and Ireland made many of them fly the kingdom, and seek shelter soldiers on the Catholics without putting any on the Protestants, and that in France and Spain, and many fled to Marylan(L4 out of prejudice, because the Catholics disputed in law for their freedom.5 Edward Pery, Esq., at the Common Council, held 25th June, 1677, clainied On the 3rd of November, 1683, the greatest frost that had ever been in right of St. Mary's house to vote next to the mayor, and to have two previously known in Ireland began, and it continued until the 9th of February ; voices. It was decided that the Protestant Bishop (who was present) should, the frost was seven or eight feet thick on the river Shannon; all the lakes as a peer, vote before him. But his other claims were agreed to. So he and rivers of Ireland were in like manner frozen; men, women, cattle and U voted beforc Sir H. Ingoldsby, Bait., Sir Wm. King, Knt., and Sir George carriages went over the rivers on the ice; people frequently walked on it from Ingoldsby, Knt.5 the King's Island to Parteen. In the following year William Gribble being 13th October, 1677. The customs of St. John's, and the other southern mayor, he went to Scattery Island, to exercise his jurisdiction among the gates, let for n year at $172. herring boats for the city duties, which were 1000 herrings and 1000 oysters out of each boat (a most exorbitant tax). This he reduced to 500 a piece.6 The weight of these six bells, says White (MSS.) are as follows:- The death of King Charles 11. occurred in London on the 6th of February, cwt. qrs. lbs. cwt. qrs. Ibs. 1684 ; he was a prince who in his exile acknowledged great obligations to First bell veighs ... 7 1 14 Fourth bell weighs ...... 14 1 0 Second bell ,, ...... 9 1 0 Fifth bell ,, ...... 21 3 9 the Irish ; on his accession to the throne the Irish reasonably expected to be Third bell ,, ...... 10 2 4 Sixth bell ,, ...... 7 3 7 restored to their estates, whch they forfeited for fighting for him and his a He (York), had the following inscription cut on a stone and placed over Thomond Gate, father, but he followed the pernicious advices of Clarenclon, viz. to make which was a castellated solid stone building at the Thomond side of the Bridge, and the draw- bridge was placed between it and the stone or ancient bridge, as appears by; map of the city friends of his enemies by gratifying them, and that he could always make taken in 1611 :- sure of his old friends. Adopting this advice he left the Cromwellians in The Freeman's Liberty~,without tax or rate, . Repaired this Place-the Thomond Bridge and Gate. 1 Corporation Minute Book in the British Museum. 1 Ibid. 3 Ibid. Mem.-That ALDERMAN YORK,Nfiyor. freemen of Bristol pay no inward or outward tolls in Limerick. 3rd April, 1680. 4 Standish Hartstonge Esq., of Bruff, one of the Barons of the Court of Exchequer, was S White's MSS. and Dr. Young's note. 4 Ibid. created a Baronet in 1681. The Barouetcy eventually descended to Sir Henry, who, dying "7th May, 1675, Robert Johnston appointed Mayor's Cook, on the accustomed stipend of without issue, the Bruff estate devolved on (the daughter of his sister) Wary Ornuby, wlte ot f 10 per annum, and U linen cloak yearly. The judge's lodgings this assizes cost E18. The the first Earl of Limerick. usual assizes only f 6. 6 White's MSS. 6 Ibid. 15 possession of the estates, and the betrayed Irish who were fools to part with The 12111 of February, 1686, John Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell, was snorll an inch of prolnid fhr him or onc of his family. Though he was a Catholic Lord Dcpuiy of Ireland. He was the first Lord Deputy who wcnt publicly in his hcart, ancl c1ii.d one, yet he countcnanced the most violent persccutions to Mass since Quccn n'larfs time, and all ovcr Ireland thcre were thc greatest against those of that profession, and his whole reign was a scene of plots, rejoicings among the Irish on that account ; but he a as hated by the l'ro- persecutions, and csccutio:~~of the poorer Catholics, as well of holy prelates, tcstants.l On the 18th of March twelve of the Roman Catholic merchants pricsts, aucl friars, and of Catholic gentlemen, &c. &c. He had great wit of Limerick mere madc frcc of thc Common Council; and on the 2nd of the and penctmtion, but his debauched life did not permit him to utilise either. same month William Turner, Recorder of Limerick, became a Eoman Ca- It was justly s:d of him that hc never said a foolish thing, nor ever did a tholic, and as he was cxaspcrated vith the Corporation, he procnrccl from wise thing.1 In his reign the glorious martyr Archbishol~ l'lunkett of the Lord Licntcnant, Tyrconncll, that the Protestant Mayor, Geo. Roche and Armagh suffered a most crucl and ignominious death. his Sherill's should be deposcd ; :und in tbcir places hc got named for thc rcst On the day King Charles 11. died, his brother James Duke of York and of' t21r gear Mr. Eol)(lrt IIan~~oii,a Catholic, as Mayor, and Thomns IInrolcl, Albany was proclaimed king in London. On the 11th hc was proclaimed ill a Catholic, as Slici~ff,I\ ith l'ctcr Blouscll, a Protestant. Thc Corpoz ntioil Dublin; on the 13th being Sunday he was proclaimed king in Limerick. woulcl not acccpt of 1I:mnon as hlqor, or the others as Shcriffs untll tllc The illayor, Xichard Smith, the Sheriffs, the Governor, Sir WiIliam King, the Assizes, wlicn the Lord Clnic~f Baron Stephen Rice rcf~~sedholding the As- I'rotc~stmt Bishop and Clergy in their surplices and robes, and all the Cor- sizm until Ilannon n as admitted. Thc Common Council thcrcupon clccted poration in their robzs were all on horseback. The trades and militia walked Hannon Mayor, and IIarold and Monscll Shcrifrs, and on the 8th of April, with their colonrs, and great rejoicings were shown on the occasion. This 1687, the rod, sword and mace wcrc delivcrcd up to Mr. IIannon. Sir Jo1111 king publicly professed the Catholic faith.2 Fitzgerald was at this timc Governor of Limerick, so that the Governor, ltobcrt Smith bcing Mayor in 1685, he flagged the City Court-house, Mayor, Recorder, and one of the Sheriifs wcnt publicly to Mass, the first made tlie jury-room at the cast end of it, and framed in the place of judi- occurrence of the kind for forty cature ; he nen ly built the King's Island gate and tower, and with his own On the 4th of October, 1687, being St. Francis's day, the Franciscan friars hands he cut on the stonc fixcil ovcr the gate at the island side these words, possessed thcmselvcs of their own Church in the Abbey ; it was consecralccl "Recdificata l" Jacobi 2" Roberto Smith Prctore, sumptibus civiwn." He by the Right Rev. John Moloncy, Catholic 12ishop of Limerick, who had tlie also, at his own cost, set up in the Exchange, a brass table standing on a administration of Killaloc, there bcing no Catholic Bishop of Killaloc. The short pillar, and himsclf engraved this inscription on it : " Ex dono Roberti Bishop said first Mass in it, and thc lkv. Jasper Whitc said the second Ifass. Smith majoris llimericcncibus civibus." It was afterwards placed in the new The friars now rcntcrl this Church from the Englishman who held it, viz. Exchange, and ~t-ascalled "The Nail," being intended for a public place for John l'cry, Lii~utt~nantof a Foot Company. IIc was ancestor to the Lords paying down money on, though not applied to that I'ery and Ulcntn ortk3 On the 1st of A~ignst,same ycnr, Lieut.-Colonel Anthony Hamilton4 came In the next ycar vas finished the Church which the Capuchins built in the to Limerick as Governor, in place of Sir William King, who was deposed. Irish-town, after~vardscalled the Infirmary inl'zlmerstown. The first who said IIamilton was the first Govcrnor mho for 35 ycars before publicly went to Mass thcrein n as o~lcFather Manricc IVhltr, a Capuchin friar from Clonmel. Mass. Oil the 2lst of September Lord Clarcndon, who was Lord Lieutenant It is said that Father Jasper Whitc was security for the money, which he of Ireland, arrived in Limerick; for an entire month before ten troops of was afterwards olsligccl to pay.4 horse were quartered on the inhabitants ; they were the first army who, for On 10th of June the same ycar, Charles Ignatius Jan~es,Prince of TT'ales, forty years beforc went publicly to Mass. Mass was publicly said in the was born ; his godfathers were the Pope's X'uncio and the Queen's brother; yard of the King's Castle, and in the citadel near St. John's gate for the the goilrnothrrs were the Queen-Downgcr of King Charles 11. aid the army who every Sunday went to hear it, marching thither in order with their Duchess of Pcmbrokc. He was the first Prince in England who hail been drums and hautboys. The Lord Lieutenant remained in Limerick but two baptized by a priest for two hundred years. Upon this account Robcrt niglits and one day.6 Hannon, Mayor of Iiincrick, made great rejoicings, and " let three hogsheads of wine run'' among the populace.5 ' White's MSS. 2 Ibid. In the follon ing ycar Sir Thonias Southmell and three hundred other Pro- S White's MSS. This nail or brass table is now in the Town Ha11 of Limerick. Anthony IIamilton, Esq., was appointed Governor of Limerick after Sir William King- testants, who fought under King James, were taken prisoners in the County ho is set down among the general o5cers of King James's army-his brother, John, was killed of Galway; and on the 3rd of October ltichard White, Robert Voulfe, at Aughrim. Ilichard behaved with great spirit at the battle of the Boyne. One of his sisters was married to Sir Donough O'Brien, ancestor of Lord Inchiquin. The Duchess of Berwick, one Pierce Moroney, Doctor Wale, and Jamcs England, were made free of the of whose sisters, Cl:arlotte, was married to Lord Clare, ancestor of the Marquis of Thommd, Coimcil of Limerick, Thomas Harold being Mayor. which Lord Clare was killed at the battle of I?amelies, was his particular friend. His mother rllhe country was now rapidly hastening towards those great conflicts and was daughter o&Lord Thurles, sister of James Duke of Ormond. Anthony Hamilton was born at lioscrea, Co. Tipperary, about 1646, or three or four years earlier. In that year Owen O'Neile changes which develop their as we proceed. took Koscrea, and put every soul to death, as Carte says, except Sir Geo. Hamilton's lady, sister to the Marquis of Ormond, and some few gentlemen whom he kept prisoners. Lady Hamilton 1 White's BISS. 2 Ibid. 3 Ibid. died in August, 1680, as appears from an interesting and affecting letter of her brother, the Duke White's MSS. This Church was taken down in the month of March, 1797, so that in a of Ormond, dated Carrick, August 25th. He had lost his noble son, Lord Ossory, three weeks slrort time the site of it v-as forgotten. It lay about the middle of the street on the western before. Sir Georgo Hamilton was a Catholic. side of it.-Dr. Young'y note. Kllite's MSS. The citii'lel was afterwards converted into an hospital and is now the Ferer 0 White's AISS. I3ospiinl of St. Jolin's . . HISTOKY CiF LIMERICK. in giving a detail of the voyage, the first object which Storey states struck his vision was the Mourne mountains, in Down, on which he remarks a famous monastery was placed on the top of one of the very highest of them in times CHAPTER XSXII. of old ; and that, throughout his History, he appears to dwell with a pleasure- able interest on the antiquities of a country to which he and his fricuds came to exterminate the ancient race which had fostered and protected monasteries IMPORTANT EVENTS-SCHOXBERG LANDS AT CAILRICKPERGUS-KING JAME8 and churches, until the oppressor and devastator arrived with sword and fire. ARltIVES IN KINSALE, AIJD PROCEEDS TO DUBLIN-LANDING OF KING Schonberg garrisoned Carrickfergus, burned thc suburbs, marched to Belfast, UTLLIAM-THE BATTLE OF THE BOYNE-FLIGHT OF JADIES TO PWCE- again to Carrickfergus, where the garrison surrendered, back to Belfast, THE MARCH OF WILLIAM TO LIMERICK. where he returned unopened a letter sent to him by the Duke of Berwick, because it was not directed to the "Duke" Schonberg. Newry was next burned, I HAVE britfly sketched in the foregoing chapter the rapid progress of events which preceded the grand crisis at which we have arrived, and which -the people ran in terror from their homes, which they left a prey in the was to decide for ages the fate of a country that had trembled so long in the hands of the spoiler.1 They then marched to Dundalk, where they encamped, balance. From whatever cause arising, King James did not afford to his and where, wandering abroad, some of them met their dcnth at the hands of supporters that confidence which he might have inspired among men who certain Rapparees, who were numerous in thc neighbourhood.2 King James's had bled for their principles, and who had hoped, when he came to the throne, army, 20,000 strong, lay in Droghcda at this timc, wherc they were within a short distance of their enemy, and where they supplicd themselves with a that their rights and liberties mould receive a becoming recognition. On the other hand, the Protestant party, which for so long a period had enjoyed suf%ciency of forage and corn. The army (James's) subsequently encamped immunity and protcction for their most rcvdting excesses, which had ob- at the bridge of Slane, whilst William's began their entrenchments, and Major-General Kirk's fierce battalion greatly mnisnomered, " Lambs," was taincd the possessions of the Irish proprietors, ~hohad been driven forth ordered to march on Monday, the 16th, into the trenches. with unheard-of cruclty, from their lands, were now resolved to hold what William's army now amounted to thirty thousand men ; and in addition they had obtained, and to resist opposition from whatever quarter it might to these, early in March, 1690, four hundred Danes arrived at Belfast, arrive. William had already an immense following in England ; and anxious to take part in any warfare against those to mhom they had ever strengthened by a po~rerfulparty, he resolved to measure weapons with his shown themselves rapacious enemies-the Irish. On the fourteenth of that father-in-law, King Janies, and to make Ireland the battle-ground on which month, five thousand French Infantry landed at Kinsnle, ~irithGeneral Count the mighty issue was to be decided. On the 12th of March, 1689, James Lauzun and the Marquis de Lery ; King Jamcs having sent back Major- landed at Kinsale from France, having about 1800 men with him. He pro- General lfacarthy and as many Irish. Indced it was observed with pain ceeded immediately from Cork to Dublin, where Lord Tyrconnell, whom he that James was hastening his own ruin, and disgusting his lrish officers by had constituted Lord Lieutenant, and the entire Catholic people, rcceived an unjust preference of Frenchmen in the promotions he daily made. On him with open arms as the friend and deliverer, in whom they hoped to find the 4th of June a French Regiment marched into Limerick to garrison it for a king equal to the tremendous emergency that had arisen.' He entered King James, against the forces of William, which at this juncture were Dublin on Palm Sunday the 24th, amid the most extraordinary display of hourly expecting the arrival from England of their darling, an event which joy-the streets were lined with soldiers, and the windows were hung took place at Carrickfergus on the 14th of the same month, when he came with tapestry -the King on horseback. Whilst active, energetic, and with an enormous force, in addition to that which had bcen previously at his powerful preparations were making on this side of the Channel, to sus- service in Ireland. William was congratulated by the Protestant clergy of tain the legitimate king, and vindicate the rights of a nation which had so the country, who were then in Ulster. At Belfast he stated that he had long and so grievously suffered, eighteen regiments of foot and four or five come to Ireland not to let the grass grow under his feet, and he made good of horse were raised in Eqland for the service of the Prince of Orange in his words, for the whole army got immediate orders to march into the field. Ireland. The levies were made with very great speed; for in five or six He and Prince George, the Duke of Ormonde, and all the principal officers, weeks the regiments were completed. In the Tower of London, however, went to the camp at Loughbrickland, and instead of allowing the soldiers to there were not sufficient arms, which had to be sent for to Holland to supply pass him in review, he at once went amongst them, examined each regiment the soldiery that were destined for this co~ntry.~The army thus raised, cnticdly, and gave such directions as he thought necdful under the circum- after marching to Chester, and encamping at Neston, embarked on the 8th stances-he at once, by this means, won the confidence of the men. of August, under the command of the Duke Schonberg General of all the He carried with him for his own use and the use of Prince George, moving forces of WiIliarn and hIary ; Count Solmes, General of the Foot, and several great officers more, with ten thousand foot and horse : they set sail at High Lake, and ,landed on Tuesday, the 13th, in the afternoon about three o'clock, 1 " I went abroad, where I found all the houses deserted for several miles ; most of them that I observed had crosses on the inside, above the doors, upon the thatch, some made of wood and within a mile and a-half of Carrickfergus. It is a strange circumstance that others of straw or rushes, finely wrought;- some houses had more and some less."-Storey'r Impartial History. I The Duke of Berwick states that the people ahowed an extraordinary enthusiasm for him. Rapparee signifies a half stick or broken beam, like a half pike ; and for the last three or four years the priests would not allow an Irishman to come to Mass, unless he brought his Y Storey's Impartial Ilistbry. rapparee along'with him.-Ibid. houses made of wood, SO convenient that they could be set nlJ in at1 holtr's thg were at liberty to dispose of thcinselvcs; and so with two or three in time, and he never while in Ireland lay out in camp.' 'l'hc b:tttlc of tlle company, he went to Bray, and along by the sea to Mrat;rf'ord; Iming Ijoync, in which King Sames's army was clefcated, and thc Duke of Schonbq, appointed his carriages to meet him another way. 'Tis said h(&did not sleep 7;ii~lliarn's gcneral mas killed, was fought on the 1st of July. Jalries hat1 till he got on shipboard; the vessel u as the Lausun, n llnlouin of 23 guns, prwiously gone to Derry, in order to protect his Protestrtnt subjccts from the ahich lay at Duncannon, from which be sailcd to Kinsale -here he rcinained vengcai~ceof the Catholics of the North; but he vas fircd at for his paii~s a short time and then sailed for France." from the walls of Derry-in fact tbc conduct of King Jams ms alrcatly TWxn Athlone was summoned to surrender by Douglas, the ficry Govcrnor, arraigned as that of a Catholic in religion, and a Protestant in politics.' Colonel Grace, the younger son of Robcrt Grace, 13aron of Conrtsto~~n, There was no blame that did not already attach to Jnmcs ; among othcrs hc county Kilkelmy, the descendant of the great Iiaymonil le Gros, hcd was accused of having spent the campaign of 1680 without aclvantagc-11e was aspersed because energetic measures ncre not taken by the Duke of 1 The following is a list of Kiig James' Army taken April Oth, 1690 :- Qrconnell and his other ministers to prevent the CnstIc of C;hnrlcmont, ill: Regiments of norse. olonel Charles Noore Duke of Tyrconnell 8 troops in a re& olonel Cormac O'Neil only fortress in Ulster, falling into the hands of Scho~lbrg.~Janlcs, Ilorrever, Lord Galmoy 1ment, 53 men in olonel Arthur MacbIahon has been vindicated by Mac Pherson slid other nriters, fro111 the sc~ious Colonel SarsfieId 1 a troop. :arl of TTestmeath rhargcs which have been preferred against him on tlxse hcntls ; but never- Col. Sutherland hlonel Ca~anngh Lord Abercorn )olonel Usborough theless, liis proceedings throughout nianifcstecl a desire to conciliate a foe C H Lure :olonel3ZacCarthp More which had thoroughly contemned his advances. Col. John Parker :done1 Gordon O'Xed On his arrival in Dublin, after the defeat of thc Boyne, lie made a speech Col. Nicholas Purcell :olonel John Darrett - 'olonel Charles O'Bryau ullich speaks badly for his sentiments tonarcls liis Irish sl~Ljccts;~nnd had he Horse Guards. :olonel Donovdn :olonel h'icholas Browne rcscrvcd what he had to say till after he had vitnesseJ all that lrish chivalry Lord Dover's Troop 200 each troop. Duke of Berwick% Troop] :olonel O'Gara md honour had done for him in Limerick and elsewhere, it is certain hc ;it Michael Creagh* would have done more justice to those who poured out their blood like water Troop of Grenadiers. :olonel Dom. Browne* for him on many an eventful field :- Col. Butler's-GO :ol. Bagnal :olonel MacEligott " Gentlemen, I had a very good army in England, and when I had thc - Dragoons. .ord Inniskillen greatcst occasion for them, they descrted me, and went to the tiimy; and Lord Dungan Eight troops in a :olonel 3ugh DIacBIahon finding 3 total defection against mc tl~cre,I retired nncI went to F'rance, Sir Neal O'Neal regiment, GO men :olouel Watter Bourke Col. Simon Lutterel each. :olonel Felix O'Xeil where I was kindly received by that Icing, and liacl all the ,issurmcc1s -t .ord Iveagh imaginable from him to re-establish nic on my Throne. In solne time dirr 1 Reaiments. 2olonel O'Beyl p. rntne to this kingdom, and found my Roman Catholic subjects hex ss 15 pli Sir 3 ames Cotton Regiments from France. equiped and prepared to defend my cnusc ns their abilities could bcltr; ancl Che Red Regiment though I have often been told, that when it came to tbc touch thy would rhe Blue Regiment mvcr bear the brunt of a battle, I never could credit the same; till now; - rwo White Resimentg, each divided into Regiments of Foot. several battalions, being in all BOO0 men. when having a good army and all preparations fit to engage any foreign 7 Royal Regimezt, 22 Companies-90 men each. invadcr, 1 found the total truth, of which I have been so often cautioned. Earl of Clancarty Regimen& iht were sent to Franco in Exchange. And though the army did not desert me here as they did in England? yet Col. Henry Fitzjames Lord Mountcashel's whcn it came to a tryal, they basely fled the field, and left the sped to Colonel John Hambleton Colonel =chard Butler's Earl of Clanrickard Colonel Daniel O'Bryan's my enemies; nor could they be prevailed upon to rally, though the loss in the Earl of Antrim Colonel Richard Fielding's nrholc defeat was but inconsiderable: So that henceforward I never more Earl of Tyrone Colonel Arthur Dillon's.- determine to head an li.ish army, and do now resolvc to shift for myself, and Lord Gormanstown Lord Slane Regiments thnt were vaised and nerer tnketa iato so, gentlemen, must you. It has been often debated, in case such a revolu- Lord Galloway pay, but were cdisbunded. tion should happen, whether upon deserting the city of Dublin, the sane Lord Duleek Lord Castleconnel ought to be fired? I therefore charge you, on your allegiance, that you Lord Kimallock Colonel Roger O'Connor Lord Kenmare Colonel Charles Geoghegan neither rifle the city by plunder, nor destroy it by fire, which in all king- Sir John Fitzgerald Colonel John Brown doms will be judged very barbarous, and must be believed to be done by my Sir Maurice Eustace Colonel James Butler orders; and if done there wiU be but little mercy expected from an enemy Colonel Nngent Colonel Manue O'Donnell Colonel Henry Dillon Colonel O'Cahan fhns enraged. He told them, though he quittetl Dublin, hc clid not quit his Colone: John Grace Colonel Edward Nugent jutcrest in'it. He told his menial servants that he should now have no Colonel Edward Butler Colonel Charles Kelly farther occasion to keep such a court, as he had done; and that therefore Colonel Thomas Butler Colonel Brien Mac Dermot Lord Pophin I Colonel James Talbot. Storey states that these last-mentioned L'were meer Irish, and good for little, so no wonder Twenty-seven Storey. * LesIie's Answer to King they were broke." James had other forces in garrison throughout the country. 3 See note? to O'Callaghan's Macariae Exridium, p.331. thousand men fought for him at the Borne. * LimerlcL men. 4 Ik ;Ilolleneux's Thlee Months' Royal Campaign In Ireland. 216 HISTORY OF LIMPKICK.

a pistol at the drummer who was sent to him to surrender the fortress. Duke of York, by land and by sea, the unfortunate James showed wonderful " These are my terms," exclaimed Grace; "these only will I give or receive ; courage; but there can be no doubt when at the Boyne, he cried "Oh! spare and when my rovisions are consumed I will defend it till I eat my boots," my English subjects;" and when after his rapid flight from Dublin, he hoisting a bloo 1y flag at the moment, and beating back a detachment of 3,000 made the speech already quoted, and forthwith ran for France, he did not horse and foot that attempted to cross the Shannon, killing Douglas's best bequeath to his supporters a reputation on which they can ever take occasion gunner, and compelling the enemy to retreat more rapidly than they had to congratulate themselves, whilst his enemies even at the moment he was advanced. After this defeat before Athlone, Douglas, with the remnant of his sparing them, were using every exertion to prove the contempt and hatred forces made an effort to join King William at Limerick. In doing so he vas they entertained for him and the Irish. Lord Wharton boasted that he sung hourly afraid of falling into the hands of Sarsfield, who, he was aware would King James out of Ireland by a song, which became so popular with the make short work of his troops if but the opportunity was thrown in his way. Williamites that it was heard every where thronghout the land that they had Instead, therefore, of taking the direct route to Limerick, he pursued the road a footing.' by Ballymore and Ballyboy, avoiding Ranagher, here he had heard that Of this doggrel and the use made of it at the Boyne and afterwards at Sarsfield awaited him; and, passing through Roscrea, he proceeded by Limerick, it is quite unnecessary to write; but in Limerick it had no other Thurles which he sacked and burned, and Holycross, till he reached the camp effect than that of nerving the arm of the defenders to fight for native hearths at Cullen, whero he didnot arrive before the 8th of August. When he passed and native altars and to conquer. Roscrea, he encamped on the north side of the hill of Rathnavaigue, near Boisseleau was now the Governor of Limerick. Lausun and other French Dunkerrin, where the army spent a few days at rest. At the Devil's Bit mountain a message was received by Douglas from William, to hasten his 1 It 1s vnid that the Philippics of Demosthenes and Cicero had not a greater effect in Greece and march, the rapparees every where giving himmore than enough to think of. The Rome as those verses had in ~roducingamong the Protestants the revolt against James 11. As many of my readers have never seen those verses, I shall here give them for their edification, as country people brought quantities of poultry and other provisions to the camp, alI a demonstration of the utter recklessness of the anti-national and anti-Catholic party, and of of which were paid for; and here an incident occurred which I have heard from their vindictive spirit towards the Irish and their faith. I have to apologise for giving the ballad thc great grandson of the individual who then lived at Kyleanna, near CClona- in its integrity, as it contains a certain quantity of blasphemy and profanity, in which the army of William and the Orangemen generally indulged to their hearts' content The reader of Tristram kenny, in the neighbourhood. This gentleinan rode to the camp with several Shandv will remember how uncle Toby (the type of Sterne's father, who served before Limerick), others, having been attracted thither by curiosity. He saw that the grenadiers is described as whistling this air :- wore four bells on their waist belts for the purpose of frightening away cavalry; and it was here the following melancholy occurrence took place :-A soldier LILIBURLERO BULLEN-A-LA.' who had strayed across the hill to look at the country, sat down to rest, and Smo TO THE MODERN AIR-" Protestant Boys." soon afterwards fell asleep, probably from fatigue; some labourers were working near the spot digging a ditch, and their children vho were with them, Ho I hroder Teague, dost hear de decree? Lilli burlero, bullen a-1s. gathered around the sleeping soldier, and commenced playing with the bells; Dat we shall have a new deputie, the noise awoke him suddenly, when he ran off to where his firelock lay, a Lilli burlero, bullen a-la. short distance; the labourers thinking that he took the musket to fire at the Lero lero, lilli burlero, lero lero, bullen a-la, children, one of them (the workmen) threw a stone at the soldier, which hit Lero lero, lilli hurlero, lero lero, bullen a-1s. WO! by shaint Tyburn, it is de Talbote ; Lilli, &c. him on the head and knocked him senseless-the others dispatched him with And he will cut de Englishmen's troate ; Lii, &c. their spades, and buried him on the spot where the occurrence took place. This was not known to the army, which passed on without making inquiries Dough by my shod de English do praat, Lilli, &c. De law's on dare side, and - knows what, Liili, &c. after the missing man, A foraging party of the same army was sent down But if dispence do come from de Pope ; Lilli, &c. from the camp towards Emmil, where they fell in with a large body of the We'll hang Mapa Charts, and dem in a rope ; Lilli. &c. followers of O'Carroll-long Anthony WCarroll who had held the Castle of For de good Talbot is made a lord; Lilli, &c. Nenagh-a conflict ensued-not one of the foraging party, about twelve in And with brave lads is coming ahosrd; Lilli, &c. number escaped-and to this day the place where this occurred is called the TVho all in France have taken a aware ; Lilli, &c. "Bloody Togherm--it lies between Moneygd and Emmil-all in the King's Dat dey will have no Protestant heir ; Lilli, &C. County. Bra ! but why does he stay behind? Lilli, &C. The advice which it is alleged that King James gave his Colonels when he Ho ! by my shoul 'tia a Protestant wind, Lilli, &c. was taking leqe of them-namely, that they should make the best terms for But see de Tyrconnel is now come ashore, Lilli, &c. themselves and desert their duty, appears to be a calumny on his memory, And we shall have commissions &ore ; Lilli, &C. Duke because, according to the Memoirs of the of Berwick, when he was And he dat will not go to de mass, La &c. roceeding from Kinsale for France, he wrote to Lord Tyrconnel that having Shall be turned out, and look like an ass, Lilli, &C. fpft for that country on the recommendation of Lausun and others of his Now, now de hereticks all go down, Lilli, &c. friends, he hoped to send them considerable succours, and gave them in the By C-t and Shaint Patrick, de nation's our own ; Lilli, Q:. mean time fifty-thousand pistoles which was all the money he had. While * R&n-a-la, is a corrnption of the Irish ~hrase Builin a ktid," i.e. " a loaf in the hand." .- IIl3TOIlY OP LIMERICK.

Generals were ill the city, but some of them speedily evacuated it ;' they and Phillipsburgh laughed when he saw those gre? old ~czlls, xrhich be had no desire to fight for Ireland ; when Lausnn saw Limerick first he p- fancied would crumble to dust beneath thc iirst shot, adexclaimed nith nounced that it could not be defended;2 he who had been at Talenciennes an oath : It is unnecessary for the English to bring cannon ag:~instsuch a place as this. MTbatyou call ramparts might be battered dovn with roasted Dare was an old prophecy found in a bog ; Lilli, &L. apples." He declared that "ak all events he was determined not to throw L' Ireland shall be rul'd by an ass and a dog ;" Lilli, &c. aqray in a hopeless resistance the lives of the brave men who had been en- And now dis prophecy is come to pass, Lilli, &c. trusted to his care by his master.'" This mxy not have been his real opinion For Talbot's de dog, and James is de ass, Lilli, &c. Percli's of Poetrp. Reliyues Ancient LITERAL TR:1.NSLA.TION. Lillibullero mas written, or at least republished, on the eve of Tyrconnell'a going a second King James came over to Ireland, time to Ireland n October, 1688. Perhaps it is unnecessary to mention, that General Richard Wearing sn EnglisR shoe and an Irish brogue, Talbot, newly created earl of Tyrconnell, had been nominated by King James 11. to the lien- And to coin into money for our pay, tenancy of Ireland in 1686, on account of his being a decided Catholic, who had recommended The bottoms of the brass canldrons used by the English. himqelf to his master by his treatment of the Pr~testantsin the preceding Tear, when only lieutenant-general, and whose subsequent conduct fully justified the King's esp~ctations,and, we The day of the confiict at Thomond [Bridge] was a woeful one, shall not add, their fears, because, after all, Tyrconnell was not strictly true to the old cause. When our brave men were doomed to destruction, 1 I am indebted to Mr. Patrirk Lynch, a very intelligent Head Constable of Police, for the Being overpowered by the English-speaking hordes, following mpublished Irish Poem, written soon after the departure of King James from France, Who routed the forces of James. and the disastrous events which in the subszquent year followed, which Mr. Lynch has also translated :- Many nobles who wore scarlet cloaks, Blue cloaks and green ones ; 1 bo ialqlc tij3 Si.avur tti3alt)q 30 b-Glpe, And private soldiers with their guns on their shoulders, Re 9a bp65 5hllba 'r re oa bp+, 3aolac; Marched into Ulster, and have not returned. %aao ariain bujrje ba Lel.ijearj n)av pay 6Lilqq, bjoi: a c6lt pp'a!r ag 5alliIb94% lpelp1qn, The halls of Limerick are rendered desolste, 'S 6i! otbq 1 And the fair ladies who kept us company; Rody is now in command of the fleet, And Donochs* of the yellom hair is stripped of his territories.

The Passage ferry-boat is distressed, And Kinsale harbour is full of shipping ; You had better march round by Barry's country, 3 lr lornsa bnolne ualrle raol Ildcul6e aeap34, The fortrcsses are taken, and Ireland is in the hands of the enemy. fa01 ilbculrje ualtqe 'r cloculrie 5opqa, 85ur rA!jblulp r1n311re alp a 3ualaiqr), I travelled done this mountain westwards, bo cualb 30 c0153 ul4b 'r rlap Pill qa a tualplr3, And I shall if possible again return ; 'S 6i: ! ocdq I And despite of what those English-speaking churls boast of, King James shall yet reign over these three kingdoms.

What wretched quarters were Iast night allowed us, On the sea-shore, without any clothing to cover us ; The ships are going to sail, and our wives most bitterly weeping: And my five hundred farewells for ever be with you, Erin.

Many tall fair-haired comely men, Who crossed the seas in E-ng James' army, Who would give their estates for a pot of sour beer, Or for a drink of Erin's water. No. l. refers to King James' pro-English sympathy as expressed on Donore hill and eiserhere ; also to his Brass 1\1oniy. No. 2. refers to the disaster on Thomond Bridge immediately upon the Capitulation. No. 3. refers to the defeat of Lord Mountcashel at Newtown Butler in 1683. No. 4. I know nothing- of Body, but Donocha was the last Earl of the bIacCarthys of Blarney Castle. No. G. probably refers to the intention of the soldiers of the Irish Brigade to return and regain vhat they had lost at the Boyne and Anghrim. KO. 7. refers to the ill-treatment experienced by King James' Army previous to their sailing for France. I have heard that some of the soldiers' wives waded into the water as far as the boats, and that the English soldiers in charge of the transport vessels cut off their fingers with 8 lr pwh r~nnulperabA floqr) 3IP13101, their swords when they clung to the aides of the boats to enter. Bo tual6 tor ralb A O-apq Fti j SBamur, No. 8. most feelingly refers to the longing for home of the members of the Irish Brigade. Do iAbpa6 A rcac alp Calpcjtl58ap bije, 1 Colonel O'Kelly's Nacarise Excidium; Mil.Geoghegan's History of Ireland. Life of Janlcs 140 AIP rjeoc fAlprlo3 b'ulr5e 94 h-6frrw,- II., 420, &c. 'S 65 ! ocoq ! O'Sullivan Beare, in his IIisloka: Catholics, speaks of a learned and hospitable man named S M'Ge-ghrgnn's History of Irelan4, p. 531. Ponogh M'Grath, or nnt~oghan t-Srhenchln; so called from his white locks of hair, who RRS treacherously hang4 in Curk by the English to nhicl~he had been fa~orable. 260 IIISTOGY OF LIMERICK. '. . of the strength of Limerick. Lord Macaulay says1 "The truth is that the 'I'yrconnell had but little hope. No doubt our country had been "brayed judgment of the brilliant and adventurous Frenchman was biassed by his in a mortar" during the wars of Elizabeth, and subsequently during the great inclinations. He and his companions were sick of Ireland. They were ready rebellion, &-c. Sir William Petty, in his Political Anatomy of Ireland (Tracts, to face death with courage, nay with gaiety on a field of battle." Macaulay p. 313.), says that between October 23, 1641, and the same day, 1652, " If proceeds to regard the case from the Anglo-Saxon point of view; and says : Ireland had continued in peace for the said eleven years, then the 1,466,000 "But the dull, squalid, barbarous life which they (the French) had been now (population in 1641) had increased by generation in that time to 73,000 leading during several months was more than they could bear. They were more, making in all 1,539,000, which were by the said wars brought, anno as much out of the civilized world as if they had been banished to Dahomey 1652, to 850,000, so that there were lost 689,000 souls, for whose blood or Spitzbergen. The climate affected their health and spirits. In that un- somebody should answer both to God and the King." And forty years after happy country, msted by years of predatory warfare, hospitality could offer Sir William Petty wrote this the Irish were in a more terrible position than little more than a couch of straw, a trencher of meat half raw, half burned, when he wrote; yet they made a stand within Limerick for all they and a draught of sour milk.2 A crust of bread, a pint of wine could hardly cherished as most dear ! As to the civilization of the Irish, even before this be purchased for money. A year of such hardship seemed a century to men, period, I will quote again from Sir IlTiIliam Petty : "The diet, and housing, who had been always accustomed to carry with them to the camp the luxuries and clothes is much the same as in England; nor is the French elegance of Paris, soft bedding, rich tapestry, sideboards of plate, hampers of Cham- unknown to many of them, nor the French and Latin tongues. The latter pagne, opera dancers, cooks and musicians. Better to be a prisoner in the amongst the poorest Irish, and chiefly in Kerry, most remote from Dublin, Bastille, better to be a recluse at La 'Jhappe, than to be generalissimo of the where it is very freely spoken."-Political Anatomy of Ireland (Tracts, half-naked savages who burrowed in the dreary swamps of Munster. Any p. 351). What an answer to Lord Macaulay. plea was welcome which would serve as an excuse for returning from that Gloomy indeed is the picture of Lirnerick at this period; not certainly miserable exile to the land of corn fields and vineyards, of gdded coaches and congenial to the luxurious refinement of the French. It is by no means en- laced cravat^."^ A vile plea for men who called themselves soldiers ! couraging as regards our notions of their self-abnegation, and that respect Tyrconnell had already sent away his wife (Prances Jennings, elder sister of which they ought to cherish for a nation which had placed unbounded con- the famous Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough) to France, and his own wealth as well as the King's treasure. Among those who shared the fort~meof Burses fcr the use and benefit of the O'Molony family to the exclusion of strangers, on which many members of his family studied, namely, the Very Rev. Matthew Molony, V.G. and P.P. James, was the Right Rev. Dr. John Moloney (of the Kiltanon family, in the of Tomevara, his brother, Rev. Miles Molony, P.P. of Borrisokane, and also the Very Rev. County of Clare) Bishop of Limerick and administrator of Killaloe. IIe was Daniel Molony Murphy, formerly PP. of Nenagh, who vas the last of the family who enjoyed in Paris at this period (1 6901, an envoy to the Court of Louis, to negociate theBurses, with the exception of the Rev. Patrick Molony Ryan, P.P. of Cappamore in the Archdiocese of Cashel, who has been proved, he states, before three magistrates to be the legal assistance for Ireland. His remains were interred in the College of the claimant to this ecclesiastical hereditary property, and his claim has bcen confirmed by the Lombards, where his tomb bears the folIowing inscription :- Minister of Interior, in Paris, and the Public Tribunals. A tombatone in Kilquane bears the following inscription :- I I Illustris et Reverendissimus Ecclesis presul, JOHANHESO'MALONY, Here lieth ye Body Ex antiquissima fnmilia inter Hibernos ortus, Parisi ab adolescentia educatus, of Doctor MATHEW et Sacrae facultatis Parisi Doctor, ex Canonico Rothomagensi, factus primurn MOLONYwho was Episcopus Laonensis, sui nominis et familia? tertius ; deinde Episcopus Lim- Vicar General of E ericensis et Administrator Laonensis, Catholics religionis et patris ardens ye DIECESSof Limerick Zelator, propterea ab Hereticis sepe ad necem Quaesitus, Tandem Parisi and Killalowe for redux exul et collegio in usum Sacerdotum Hibernorum trecentas libellas, 32 years Parish Tuorensis anui reditus donavit, preter mille dncentas libellas in construct- Broken off Broken off ionem hujus Sacelli semel donatas obiit die tertia Septembris anno sua statis 78, et in anno Domini 1702.4 Close to the tomb of Doctor Mathew Molony there is another tombstone of nearly the same dimensions, with the following inscription, which I give here :-

I Lord Macaulay's History of England, vol. 3, p. 664. 2 This was not the case at a more distant period, because we find by the inquisition in the Tbis tomb was erected reign of Henry VIII., and held in Limerick in the thirty-third year of that reign, that wine by ye Parishnrs. of Kilquane was imported in immense quantities, and that merchants complained of the fraudulent impositions and Munchins in memory to which their property was subjected by the old chieftains between Carrigaholt and Carrigo- of ye Rev. Father Francis gunnell, W! boarded the ships and took booty by way of tax from them. The inquisition Nolan in the Parish has been given in a preceding chapter. for a The impatience of Lsuzun and his countrymen to get away from Ireland is mentioned in a departed this life letter of Oct. 21, 1690, quoted in the Memoirs of James 11. 420. ye 4th day of 4 The Right Rev. John O'Moloney descended from one of the most ancient families in January, 1765 Ireland, studies& Paris from his vouth, where he acquired the degree of Doctor of Divinity, aged 64 years. and after accomplishing his studie; he returned to his native country, and was made Bishop of Killaloe, the third of his name and family, as Bishop in that diocese. In the course of some time afterwards he was appointed Bishop of the diocese of Limerick and Administrator of Killaloe. In Kilquane there had been sereral ancient tombstones with inscriptions in the Irish character ; He remained in Paris after the fall of James, where he contributed to the erection of the Irish there are few if any traces of them now. Some of them were shattered several years ago by College, and built the chapel attached to it at hi own expense.-Besides, he established three Wery from the garrison of Limerick. 222 IIISTORy Or LIJIEILICIL * : fidence in the good faith they professed to right the wrongs that had reduced but " rifled to extremity." The Desn'c local knowledge, and his influence lreland to the unhappy condition in which she was at this period-torn on all in procuring provisions frijfil the country people, proved of great service to sides-a victim above all to her blind devotion to a King, who quitted hcr William, who promised him preferment on the success of his arms. But shores in the moment of dangcr. so many others had received similar promises, that William found it difficult It is certain that William, who had set out on his march to Limerick oil the 9th of July, made several delays, and spoke of returning to Engl,~nd,in theBarony of Coshma, wbich he exchangeci with the Bourkes of Castle Connell, for the third part the hope that he might be able to induce l'yrconnell to entcr into a satisfac- of that of Clanwilliam ; and that he was governor of Dromkeen the year he died. His eldest son, tory negotiation. In his progress he was accompanied by the Ihkc of William Daffe, was father of XIeyler Bourke of Dromkeen, whose descendants were styled "Sloght Meyler," to distinguish them from the Castle Connell family. His grandson, Richard Oge Burke, Ormoncle, with whom he dined at his castle of Kilkenny, where, no do~~bt,hc was found by Inqnisition taken at Kilnia!lock, 18 October, 1532, to hare died in 159G, seized of admired the magnificent gallery of paintings, which indodcd portraits of the Dromkeen, Drumrask, Rathkipp, Pallasbeg and other lands. This Richard Oge was father of unfortnnatc Earl of Straffordin his younger days and towards the close of his Meyler, .grand-father of Ulick, and great grand-father of Richard, who becoming the male heir of the family, inherited Dromkeen and the other entailed estates in 1640. He was in Holy Orders puzzling sarecr.' From Kilkenny, on Sunday the 2Oth, they marched six miles of the Protestant Church, and anglicised his name into Burgh, a common practice in those days farther, to Mr. Read's, of Eossenara, where they encamped ; on the f011o~+ing with those who adhered to the English interest. For the same fashionable reason at that time, he day, they reached Carrick-on-Suir, where also they encamped, and viewed the called his eldest son Ulysses instead of Ulick-Ulick was an Irish corruption of William, or William Oge, and was first givtn to Sir William Bourke, ancestor of the Marquesses of Clanrickarde ; but resiclence of the Duke of Ormonde, whose ancestor, Edward Botelcr, or Uutlcr, had no more real connection with Ulysses than the classic Cornelius had with the Celtic Connor, in the reign of Edward 11. obtained the honor of Earl of Carrick, which the for which it has heen substituted. D&e now enjoyed. while in camp near Carrick-on-Suir, I bclievc at a place This Giyrses Burgh of Dromkeen, was, like his father, a Protestant clergyman. He improved his interest by marrying a lady of illustrious descent, Bfary Kingsmill, daughter of William Kings- called Deer Park, a few miles on the Clonmel rod, William, who hail h(md mill, M.P. for illallow, and grand-daughter of Sir Warham St. Leger, by Ursula, daughter of that Thomas Otway, Protestant Bishop of Ossory, refused to pray for him, Gecrge Lord Abergavenny, and grand-daughter of the ill-fated Edward Stafford, Dnke of directed his secretary, Sir Williain Southwell, to write to the lhshop, sus- Buckingham. She was consequently very nearly related to tlie house of Plantagenet. Ulysses Burgh obtained his first preferment in the district where the estates of his family gave him con- pending him till further orders. William now summoned Waterford, which siderable inflnence, and in 1672 we find him Rector of IEilteely and of Grean. In lGS5 he surrendered; and here again he spoke of going to England, bnt did not do obtained the Deanery of Emly, with a house and some preferment in tlie City of Cashel. But in so, and joined the army on thc 2nd of August at Golden Bridge. three years more Ireland become the scene of civil war. The Dean of Emly was obliged to fly- and we next find him in London. He accompanied William 111. to Ireland. However, in 1692, While William Kas at Golden Bridge, he ras waittd on by the Mayor Dean Burgh was named Bishop of drdagh ; and as this see was a very poor see, and before and and Corporation of Cashel, who presented him with a petition on the subject since has only heen held with another Bishopric, the King promised Dr. Burgh speedy promotion, of their dispIacement James, and he gave them a letter restoring them and gave tlie Deanery of Emly, which he was vacating, to his son-in-law, Dr. Thomas Smyth,* by afterwards Cishop of Limerick. The new Bishop of Ardagh, however, never received the promised to their ancient rights and privileges, and naming Mayor, Aldermen, and advancement, for he died in less than six months after obtaining the mitre. Ne was ancestor of Officers of the Corporation.2 that gallant soldier-Sir Ulysses Burgh, Lord Downes, G.C.B., general in the army, and aid-de- On the 6th he reached Sallywood, having sent a party of horse the camp tc the Dnke of Wellington in the Peninsular War ; and also of that eminent lawyer and day before towards In the almy of William were several statesman-Chief Baron Hussey Burgh ; whose grand-son now holds part of the Dromkeen estate. refugee Protestant clergymen, who accompanied him on his march, and The family of SXYTH is the largest in the British isles, and exists in the highest as well as the humblest ranks. The name is written in many forms, of which SMITH is the earliest. About among thcm nas Ulysses Burgh, Dean of Emly. 011 the 8th of August the time of Henry VIII. it was frequently written SIYTH, by adding the mute e then commonly Wiliiam ziltrred the count4 of Limerick, marching to Cahcrconlish, ~tithina used, or SJIIJTA, by making two dots over the y in the simpler form. SMITHSONappears to be short distanw of Dromkeen, the ancient patrimony and residence of the .only a modification of this name, though the Dukes of Northumberland, who belong to this family, de1ix-e the name from the lands of SXETHTON. Ihrghs of Dr~mkeen.~Burgh visited his house, which he found standing, Of these different modes of spelling, the first was adopted by the extinct Lords Carrington, and by the family, in no way related to them, of the present Lord Carrington; though he himself, The epitaph on Strafford's tomb shows what was thought of him :- like Lord Lyveden and some other noble members of the Smith family, has exchanged that for a " Here his wise and valiant dust less common name. Lord Strangford's family, an ancient and eminent one, spells the name Huddled up 'twixt fit and just: Smpthe, whilst an Essex Boronet adheres to the strange ortl~ographyof Smijth. Strafford who was hurried hence, The Smyths who, for some generations, took so leading a part in Limerick, were originally q. wlxt' treason and convenience. seated at Rossdale, in Yorkshire, hut they settled in the reign of Queen Elizabeth at Dnndrum, He spent his time here in a mist, in Downshire, and afterwards in Lisburn, in Antrim. At an early date, they became connected A Papist, yet a Calvinist ; with the Proteetant episcopate, by the marriage of one of their family, Mary Smyth of Dundrum, His Prince's nearest joy and grief with Henry Ussher, Archbishop of Armagh. This prelate, who died 1613, had, when Archdeacon

He had, yet wanted, all relief: ' of Dublim, taken the chief part in persuading Elizabeth to grant its charter to the University of The proposed ruin of the State, Dublin, of which he was the first Fellow; and several members of his wife's family, adopting a The People's violent love and hate, University life, discovered in the College which he had helped to found, a road to the episcopal Are in extremes loved and abhorred. bench. Riddles lie here, and in a word, Thomas Smyth, Bishop of Limerick, born at Dundrum in 1654, was connected with many of Here lies -, and let it he the old Irish families through his mother, one of the Dowdalls of Glasspistel, in Louth, a family Speechless still and never crie-Bushuell's Ifnip~lsof the GarteT. then of great eminence in the Pale, but subsequently ruined by Cromwell's forfeitures. He was 2 Report hf the Commissioners on Municipal Corporations in Ireland. James 11. granted a brought up at the University of Dublin, where his nephew, Edward Smyth, and his cousin, Charter to Cashel, dated 20th October, 5th of his rei~m,by which he made a seizure of the William Smyth, also received their education. All three obtained Fellowships there; nnd a11 thrce Franchises of the city into the Ring's hands by a judgment of his Exchequer. held Irish Bishopricks in the same year, 1699. 3 Bu~gh?f D~~nkeen.Lodge tells us that John, eldest son of Walter Bourke (who was William. Bishop of Killala, and afterwards of Kilmore, was ancestor of the families of MCWilliatr Oughter and chief of his Sept, and died in 1440), assisted James, Earl of Ormonde Gaybrook and Drumcree, and of the Smythes, of Barhavilla, Co. Westmeath. Edward was against the O'IJriens, but eventually marr~ingtheir sijter, obtained with her the greater part of Dean of St. Patrick's, and afterwards Bishop of Down and Connor. Ile died in 1720, leaving two 224 . . HISTORT OF LIJIERICK. to keep them. Burgh, however, was fortunate enough to-obtain the Rishop- ric of Ardagh; and his son-in-law Thomas Smith, afterwards Bishop of from Williarn, but from King Clxarles Xi., to whose interest he was t\ttachd ; bat he showed hospitality to William, and as a token of his Blnjesty's good Limerick, the Deanery of Emly. Among other places visited on his march to the city, was Cahernorry, where William is said to have slept, and which was then, as it had been up to a recent period, in possession of the Prendergast estates devolved on John, the youngest sou of Charles Smy~hand Iady Ramon, uhc thereupon took the name of Prendergast only. Cripps family.' The Rev. Mr. Cripps obtained the grant of Cahernorry, not Charles Smyth died in 1784, ieaviny a daughter whc marrieZl hcr cousin Thomss Verelcer, of Roxl,oroogh, ~ndtwo surviving sons, Thcmas ond John. For his qecond son. Charles Lcxnon, Colonel of the celebrated Irish Regiment, the Green Horse, (which was raised in 1685, and after sons, of whom the elder was ancestor of the Smyths of Mount Henry, in the Queen's County, and a glorious career as the 2nd Horse, has been styled the 5th Dragoon G~~ardssince 1768). had died the younger was father of the Right Honourable Sir Skeffington Smyth, M.P., created a Baronet unmarried, two years peviouJy, when on his pssage to Bordeaux, and nithin sight of that city, in 1776, whose heir married the first Lord Dunsandale. which was then populai as a sanatorkrn, but whit11 waq eoon to prow equal!). fatal to his elder Thomas Srnyth, with whom we are chiefly concerned, was elected a Fellow of Trinity College b-other Thamas. in 1677 ; and for twelve years he enjoyed the studious cal~nnessof a University life. But civil This estimable gentleman served as High Sheriff ef the County in 1770; aa Mayor ci Limerick war breaxing out, he fled to England in 1689, thus forfeiting his fellowship; and then became in 1755 and 1776; and as M.P. from the latter Sear to his death. He was on ardent lover of curate of St. Mattin's in the Fields, an important parish in London, under the celebrated Doctor bis naiive city-introdnced many impro~rmenbin the mmsgement of the cc;por?.te income - Tennison, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. Here he married Dorothea, daughter of Ulysses was a warm friend of thz \Toluntcer mov~msnt,and Colonel cf ths Limerick Reginenl-and in Burgh of Dromkeen, Dean of Emly, and like him a refugee from Ireland, both being partizans of fine, took the greatest interest in the prosperity of Limerick. Beiug compelled by 111 health to the Prince of Orange. When the Dean of Emly was made Bishop of Ardagh in 1692, he obtained sail for Lishoc, he was driven into Bordeaux by stress of weather, and died th~re,haling specidly the King's permission for his son-in-law, Dr. Smyth, to succeed him in his Deanery: and on the desired his bodo to be brought back to Limerick, where he was lnterrcd at Pt. BInnrbii's wit!, see of Limerick becoming vacant three years later, Queen Mary, on the special recommendation solemnity, on hp, 7th hpri1,-1785. of his old friend, Archbishop Tennison, obtained it for him; and Dr. Smyth was accordingly By his death, the family influenre in the Corpo:ation and City devolved on his brotLer, Johc consecrated in Trinity College, 8 December, 1695. Preodergast, Esq., of Gort, then M,P. for Carld~. IZe bad served in the Royal Irish Dragoons, He was a man of great learning, and indefatigable in the performance of his duties; but his and was theri Lieutenant-Colonel of :he Li:awi~kIndope~dpnts, ~fterwardsColoncl of the cold and haughty manners were ill-suited to preserve his favor at Court, after Queen Alary's Limeri~k Cit) Biilitia. 0.1inheriting the Smj t'a Gtates he tcok that name aftl?r I'rendeiga&, death ; so that in an age when translations were the rule, he was never removed to a wealthier and was evzntnally crented Viscoant Gort, with remainder to his nephenr, the Right Honourable preferment, the Vice Chancellorship of the University of Dublin being only an honorary appoint- Charles Vereker, who succeeded him; and was father of Jchn Prcndergast, present and third ment. He died on the 4th May, 1725, and was buried at St. Munchin's, leaving +600 to the Viscount ; who, like hi? predccassors in the title, has served as X P. ior Limerick, and as Colonzl poor of Limerick, and settling the landed property on his two sons in succession. He had besides of the City Regiment of Militia, the Smyth ana Vereker fzmiiies having occupied t'nc former post three daughters, of whom one died young. The eldest married twice. Her first husband was fzr R7 consecutive redrs: and the latter since the first enrolment of the Regiment, 14 April, 1793 Sir Nicholas Osborne, of Knockmoane, the fifth Baronet of that ancient family, by whom she had -now (1864) 71 ;ears. ' a daughter and eventual heir, who married Mr. Vereker, of Roxhorough." Lady Oshorne married secondly Colonel Kamsay, and had another daughter Mary, who married Mr. Rochfort, brother of Lord Belvidere. Dorothea, the youngest daughter of the Bishop, marrying Mr. Tucker, of Cavan, eldest son, married Anne, daughter and heir of Sir Nicholas Osborne, the fifth Baronet, of Knock- was grand-mother of the late gallant sailor, Admiral Sir Edward Tucker, G.C.B., who died in moane, in Waterford, was father of Thomas, SheriE of Limerick in 1762, and &yor in 1'167; 1864. who, marrying his cousin, Juliana Smyth. died 16 November, PSOI. Of the Bishop's nunlerous sons, William was Dean of Ardfert; John, Chancellor of Connor ; He was succeeded in the Roxborough estate by his ddest surviviag sun, Charles, afterwards Viscount. Gort. IIe was born in 1768, tho year of his father's mayoralty, when that civic office Henry, Archdeacon of Glendalough; and George, 51.P. and a Baron of the Exchequer. Arthur. the eighth son, after being made Dean of Derry in 1744, became successively Bishop of Clonfert, had been distinguished by unusual hospitality and splendour. Charles Vereker entered the navy Down, Meath, and Archbishop of Dublin, the latter in 1766. Dying in 1772, he was buried in in 1781, and served in he? H.3I.S. &exander at the spirited relief of Gibraltar in the following St. Patrick's Cathedral, where the beautiful monument erected to his memory, has been lately year. Dnt the preiiminaries of peace bzing riped withir: two months after the return of the restored, with the rest of that venerable pile, by the liberal taste of Mr. Guinness, who is connected Fleet to England, he then left the navy, and obtained in 1785, a cornmission k the 1st Royais. with the family of the Archbishop through the Lees. He served with them until his marriage in 1789, with Mrs. Stamer, daughter of Afr. Westropp, Edward, ninth son of the Bishop of Limerick, was an eminent physician, and a considerable of Attyflitl ; a lad? whose premature death in 1798 was much regretted, nnd di servedly so, if we benefactor to the poor of Limerick and Dublin; whilst James, the youngest of this numerous can trust the contemporary journals; for the I,imer.lck Chronicle in April, 173, when recording family, was Collector of Limerick, Sheriff of the City in 1741, and Mayor in 1751. IIe was her first marriage, describes her as the very amiable Afiss Wcstropp, daughter of Ralph grand-father of the late Chief Baron O'Grady ; and also of Carew Smyth, the last Recorder of Westropp, Esq., of Attyflin, with an immense fortune;" and again on reporting her second Limerick. carriage, calls her <.ayoung lady po~eessedof every amiable qualification to render the married Charles Smyth, for so many years M.P. for the city, was the Bishop's second son.-But he ont- rtate happy." lived all his brothers, and taw five Bishops succeed his father. His public career sufficientiy The year after his marriage Mr. Vereker xas elected M.P. for Limerick ;and became Lieutenant- appears in the course of this history. Called to the Irish Bar in 1725, he married, three years Colonel of the City Militia in 1793, commabding that Eeg~menton its first march to Biir, on the later, Elizabeth Prendergast, Lady Hamon, a young widow of considerable fortune, which was 19th July in that month. At its head he fought the battle of Coloony, which shall be referid to eventually largly increased. For her brother, the Right Honourable Sir Thomas Prendergast, the hereafter, which, ~ccaringimmediately after the notorious "Races of Castlebar," was jmportant last Baronet of that family, for many years MP. for Clonmell, in the Irish Parliament, and for in its effects. These are well described in the patent by which George 111. granted him Chichester in that of England, died whilst a patent was preparing to create him Viscount Clonmell, supporters to his arms, for "the great ability and courage nianifested by him, the said Charles and left no issue; and her eldest sister, the Countess of Meath also dying childless, all the Vereker, when, with a detachment of 300 of our said militia he engaged the whole of the French and Rebel forces at Coloooy, in Ireland, on tbe 5th day of September, 1798, by which bold and gallant exertion the enemy were preve~tedfrom taking possession of the town of Sligo, and mere 1 This family is now represented by John Gleeson, Esq., Solicitor, Limerick, who married W effectually embarrassed and delayed, that our forces were ecablec! to come up nith, and to Miss Cripps, daughter of the late Alderman John Cripps, the last male reprsse~tati~eof the entirely dzfeat them." name. ColonelVereker continued to serve with his Regiment until it was disembodied after the Battle of Waterloo. For many years M.P. for Limerick, a Privy Couricillor, Lord of theIrish Treasury, * The damily of Vereker first settled near Limerick in the reign of Queen Anne, when Connel Governor cf the City of Lin.erick, and the last to hold the ancient feudal office of Constable of its Vereker of Douglas and Grange, in the County of Cork, (a gentleman paternally of Dutch descent, Castle, he eventually succeeded his uncle as Viscount Gort, and became an Irish repre,qentative but whose mother was heir to a branch of the Celtic O'Connells), purchased the estate of Rox- Peer; but hi political life is too recent and well known to render further details necessary. borough from the Hollow-Sword-Blade Company, and erected a mansion, which still exists, in B John Verelrer. Sheriff of Limerick in 1763, and Mayor in liC9, was the thild son of Connel park laid out with canals, terraces, and hedges, in the stiff Dutch fashion, all long since removed Vereker, of Roxborough He served aa High Sheriff for the County of Limerick in 1729, and died in 1733. Henry, his Amos.Vereke& who was Sheriff of Limerick in 1778, was the second son of the above John, and father of Dr. Vereker of Limerick. 16 226 HISTORY OF LIMERICIC.

C I will, he bestowed upon the Rev. gentleman a gold ring, with a beautifully Merchant's Quay, George's Quay, &C., till they net at Ball's Bridge. !I!he executed miniature portrait of the King-a perfect masterpiece of a~t-set wall then went round by the Island and the Abbey, meeting at St. Munchin's in crystal.' Church, and joining Tholnond Bridge, where also there was a gate. The old At one in the morning of the eighth, King William sest out nine hundred lthin com- horse and two hundred foot, detached out of the Regiments of Oxon, Tre- maps and plans of the city show that> though it was confined W: latmey, Cuts, Lanier, Loyd, and Danes, uhder the command of Herr Ben- aratively narrow limits at this time, it was handsome and regidar, particu- tinck, Earl of Porlland, and Brigadier Stewart, &C., who advanced within brly when viewed from the liver, to which it showed a noble frontage west- ward, old St. Mary's Cathedral, with its towers, then, as now, a promiuent cannon-shot of the city, notwithstanding the opposition made by three object in the foreground. The New Town,now the finest portion of the city, regimexts of the Irish foot, one of horse, and a~otherof dragoons, who stood but one volley, though they had the cover of the hedges through which they and the great centre of its trade, was not built for seventy years afterwards. Meadows and carcasses then occupied the grounds down to the water's edge. fired. About four hours after, the detachment returned to the cap, and Captain Creagh, an old and highly respectable gentleman, who died gave William an account of the position of the Irish. About seven o'clock, some years ago in Cashel, informed se in 1851, that he remembered P.M., William himself proceeded with a fresh party of 200 select horse, being accompanied by Prince George, Major-General Ginkle, the Berr Overkirke, shooting snipe in Patrick-street, on the ground on which the houses of which and other great officers, and approached within two miles of the city.a the officeof the Reporter and Vindicator, is one, an built !-that the ground in question was a marsh which the tide covered, and that it, was deemed unfit for building on when he was a boy. The walls in the Irishtomn were of recent construction as compared with the Englishtown-that is, they were CHAPTER XXXIII. built at intervals of time, commencing in the fourteenth century ; they were THE SIEGE OF 1690-MAGNIFICENTACHIEVEMENT OF BRIGADIEX SARSFIELD, occasionally repaired, and they were not extended throughout mtil the early &C.---THI BLACK BATTERY-HEROIC DEVOTION AND BRAVERY OF THE hart .of the seventeenth century. ZOOMEN OF LIMERICK-OVERTIIROW OF WILLID. The streets in the Englishtown, at this time, were "the Great Street," now Mary-street and Nicholas-sheet, which bisected the town, and from FORTY days after the battle of the Boyne, WilGam appeared before which ran Fish-lane, Prison-lane, Change-lane, Stag-lane, Bishop's-lane, Limerick, not indeed without a trem'Jing apprehensio~of the consequencm Merritt's-lane, Whitehouse-lane, Red Lion-lane, Flaglane, Broad-lane -because, though he had been made aware of the existence of divided coun- which joined St. Mu~clzin~sCllurch ; aid lower down on the same side was cils within, and though a large portion of the French army had already gone Meetinghouse-lane; at the other side, where the Cathedral stands, were to Galway to take shipping for France, the advice of Sarsfield and the majority Creagh,' hstcalled Crevaagh-lane, Quay-lane, Bow-lane, (perhaps originally of the Irish officershad prevailed to defend the city to the last. Boisseleau had Bough-lane or Creagh-lane;) Newgate-lane, near the Castle, with Castle-street been left in command of twenty thousand Irish soldiers, not one half of leading to Thornond Bridge. The small lane which divides the large house whom had been armed? Three thousand five 'hundred horsemen were en- said to have been Sir Geoaey Galhafs Castle, from the Exchange, was camped, in addition, within five miles of Limerick, beyond the river Shannon, called afterwards, Churchyard-lane, and then Gridiron-lane. The Engli: and kept up a free communication with the city. Town was $.wounded by a wall, which had Fish Gate, Prison Gate, Abbey Limerick, at this period, was not the Limerick of to-day. Within the time, Gate, ~ittli?slandGate, Barrack Gate, Island Gate, and a badion near St. no city in Ireland or England has undergone so extensive a change, and such MunchinJs. At the other, or river side, there were Creagh Gate and the wonderful improvement. The city was then contined within the wails of the Castle Gate. The streets io the Irishtomn were, Munget-street, Pahers- Englishtorm and the Iriitoam, but both were distinct; whilst forty or 6fty town-street, and the various intersecting lanes, with Broad-street and years before, as we Iearn from Dr. Thomas Arthur's MSS., portions of the John-street, to John's Church. A wall ran aronnd the ratire of the Irish- Irishtown were a subarb-the south suburb of the city. The chief houses town; and the gates were East and West Water Gate, Mungret Gate, and of business, the dwellings of the gentry d nobility, the Cathedral, the John's Gate. An imaginative writer describes the city at this period as churches, the gaol, md the Courthouse, were in the Englishtown. It was very like a spider, whose narrow waist might be said to be Ball's Bridge, here that the Lord of Rritt.as, the Earl of Thomond, &c. &C., had their resi- which, in our memory, had houses on each side of it, and was so narrow that dences. The bright river washed the walls which ran in a line with King John's even two cars could not pass at the same time. Subsequently, the houses Castle, where the Castle Barracks now are, and with the ground on which on the east side were thrown down.9 the City Gaol and the City and County Court House now stand, down by 8 Creagh, (or Crevaagh) the Irish for bough. The name of an ancient and respectable family This heir-loom has hen preserved with a tender care for over 170 years in the Cripps in Limerick descended from the O'Heeils, who wore green boughs in their caps during a victory family. The ring is for the little finger, but massive and of the finest gold-and the setting is over the Danes. as fresqand na faultless ns if it had come from the hands of the goldsmith. We know nothing 9.A plan of Limerick in theBritishMnsenm gives a description of the city soon after this time; more interesting as a token of regard from a Royal hand to one who had done him a service. it shows that the English Town stands upon the highest ground in the Island on which the city * The enemy were came 80 near, with some of their outguards, that Nollenenx says they conld is built ;the Great Street runs along the summit, and it falla gadudy upon each siile, but hear them "talk with their damnil lriah iwope on their tongue, but they were separated from rather more considerably on the West. From the Castle to Ball's Bridge descends every was, so us," he adds, -'by a bog, which was very deep, and so situated that we could not possibly as not at firat to be perceived. From Ball's Bridge to John's Gate the ascent is next to a flat, nttack them." bat it grows greater out of the Gate, and continues so for 340 yards from the Wall. The ascent S JIeluuirs of King Jamer, quoted iu O'Callilghdn'r Afacaria Excidium. from the Bridge to Mnngret Gate is rather more, and without aides as far as the ootworks extends, is more considerable than anywhere else ;but farm on it seem to be on a &at. The 228 -.. UISTOItY OF LIUEi;lCB. RISTOKY OF LIMEKICK. 229 It was nom resolved at a Council of wax, at which William presided in Regiment, and other dragoons, were sent to view the ford of Annaghbcg,' person, to march towards the city in order of battle, for they were rtwsre of which William was informed, and which he proceeded to visit him- thnt the couatry being very close, the Irish soldiers lined the hcdqes, self, a place about two miles above the city, where six of King Jamcs's and hnd determined to figkk it out with undiminisled valor. As they moved regiments, three of horse, and two of dragoons commanded by Berwick from the height of Park through the buggy grouml towards the citadel, two and Lutterell, were posted at the other side of the river, with a breast-work great guns, which were mounted on the Abbey of the Canons Bcgular of St. to cover them; these all fired upon the soldiers of William, but apparent!^ Augustirr rwr Bail's Bridge,' (lid much mischief to them. Between six with little effect, as few were killed or wounded. It was expcctcd by the and seven in the evening Wi'iiam ordered a trumpeter to be sent with a Williamites that they would meet with great difficulties and dangers in the wmmons to the city, as a deserter had previously infamed them, a great passage of the river-first, because the troops of the besieged wcre so vt of the garrison, with some of the officers, were for capitulating; but advantageously placed-and secondly, because the river at this season of rionsieur ~vbseleau,the Governor, the Duke of Bcrw'ck, nldColonel Sarsfidd, the year was particularly swollen and rapid; but they did not. Tradition S c. resolutely opposed it, telling the garrison of the great divisions thnt were states that the ford or pass, through which the hostile army passed in England; upon which 50,000 French had made a clescent they said; and the over to the Clare side of the river, was betrayed by one MacAdtlm, who is l'riuce of Oritnge would be obliged to draw oE his army in a few days, to said to have lived by fishing on the Shannon, and t,hat his knowledge of the defend the kingdom of England, and thereupoil prevailed upon them to fords of the river was consequently very good. He is said to have conveyed stand to thcir arms. The trumpeter was sent back uith this answer from private information as to the place where the army of W&nl might pass Monsieui. 130lsseleau, the Governor, that as King James hsd entrnsted him with safety ; and in order, if possible, to escape the odium of having been with the garrison, he wodd recomlncnd himself to the Prince of Orange by supposed voluntarily to sell the pass, he feigned sickness on the approach of a vigorous defence. About eight at night Wdliarn went to his camp a short the besieging army, whilst all the other fishermen ran off to the woods of mile from the city, having been oo horseback from four in the morning, Cratloe and the Clare mountains, as well to avoid being present as in fcar of giving the necessary orders, and exposing himself amidst dangers, in which their lives from the cruelty of William's soldiers. As the army approached, the I'rince of Denmark everywhere accompauied him. The cannon ceased a block and hatchet and a keg of gold were placed outside the door of the not all the time to play from the city, several of the shot coming over betrayer,who was accompanied bya boy of the neighbourhood,who had rowed a Wiliia~l~'stent and falling near it.2 The same evening a party of the Royd boat. The rich lands adjoining were pointed out to him. He was asked which he selected-the gold and the lands, or the hatchet and death. The tradition ground between the Sl:annon and the Road to the Lime Kiln is no higher than that which Irish l'wvn stands upon: and between Dublin Road and the River to l!~e East, chiefly a l\fnrass. 'rho goes on to say that as he had already determined, he at once procecded to point country bcing between those roads round the town, is somewhat higher than that which the out to the enquirers the only place in that portion of the river which thcy works are built upon. The country that lies west of the city, on the 'Shomond yide, cou~mauds could pass in the manner they desired. A rock was near the river bank, the town more than anywhere else, except that which lies east of the Ihgiish To-<:U, but the brendtli of the Shannon in the Srst, and the branch of the River at the Morsss in the second, some few perches above the old churchyard of Kilquane, and to this rock, pretty well secure both from any attempt. There are near fort?- yards of the Wall in a very bad ever since called Carrig-a-Clouragh, or Chain-rock, W ere attached chains, which state below Ball's Bridge. The Wall round the English Town is chiefly in a very bad condition, are said to have crossed the river from Corbally, nearly opposite CorbaUy House but thnt round the Irish Town is much better. Where the houses join the Wall, or are built upon it, they are coloured with a faint red in the map. The Ramparts were continued formerly on the Limerick side. A bridge of boats, or a pontoon bridge, was thus con- farther towards west Water Gate. There are mills and breweries, a fort in ruins, outworks in rains. structed by the engineers. The rock appears to have been cut umbrella-like, 1 White's MSS. or of mushroom shape, in order the more securely to hold the chains. For This tcnt was situated in Singland, where the " pillar standard," on which Willianl raise& hi flag, may yet he seen. many years it was an object of singular curiosity: men of science, archaeo- In this parish of Singland, or St. Patrick's, there are some remarkable relics of the siege ; cne logists, historians, enquirers, and patriots from all parts of Europe were in i8 ,, tn~s. . Standard PilIar " of King William (so called), and is pointed out, by the inhabitants as the habit of visiting it in the course of their tours to Limerick.-There mere the pilinr on which the Royal Ensign of Willialn was raised during the siege of 1690. It is on the high road which leads td Singland House, and is sometimes called " the Pillar" simply by shallow holes in the top of Carrig-a-Clouragh, and when rain fell, the holes, the people; but every one in the parish, or at least in that portion of it, in which the pillar thus med with water, appeared as if saturated with blood, the stone bcing map be seeq tells it was there the King had his standard, as it was in the same spot, most likely, of a reddish colour. About twenty years ago Captain Hamilton Jackson, he had his tent, and was encompassed by his staff. itis built of "m111ar" masonry, thirteen feet high awl nbout three feat in diamcter ; the stones are rather large, and in most instances they the then proprietor of this.land, the portion of which in question has since, nre ronghly chissled; it is situated on a rise in the road, about 100 yards from Singland House. and within the last few years, been purchased by a prosperous land holdrr of A short \v311 or butress is built up against it to the N.W., and appears to be contemporaneous in stroctnrc vilL the pillar itse1f;a few cabins to the S.E. are just close up by the pillar on that side, the neighbourhoodJ2ordered a servant, named Conncll, to blast the rock; but ancl ercn the cldlren there say that tbe pillar had something to do with L' the war." About a I have never in any place met people more thousand yards distance to the N., in a direct line, is New Castle House, in which it is asserted William's troops with water during both sieges. ready than they are in this particular locality, at the traditions connected with the siege, and Klny \Villiam spcnt some of his time during the siege. The other object here of interest They say too that it is here the connected witl! the siege is "King William's Well," which is about 100 yards from the piliar, and in showing where the well, the standard pillar, &C., are placed. great war for the deliverance of Ireland, which is looked forward to with so longing a desire by in a field abqut 50 yards from the high road, and nearly opposite Singland House. on the other by side of t!~e rbxd. A stream of pure water runs to the road from the well, and joins another the people, is to begin and end-a circumstance referred to O'Donovan in one of his notes to the ~nnalsof the Four Masters. stream from thc mell of Sheshxee, which is some distance off, on mother road. King William's well is decp, L:lt covered with a thick coating of leaves and greenish, weedy, deposit, which 1 Samuel Foxon, a Dutch merchant, who had been mayor of Limerick in 16(;6? and-at-one c:mcc.al it; waters from the view-at least so it was on the beautiful evening I visited the locality. time a tenant of the fisheries, owned the lands of Annaghbeg at this time, on which he built a large brick house, the ruins of which were visible in 1785. He was knighted by \\Tillian~for Tradition ?;ay3 that u large flag or standard lies buried in a field near the mell. There are other ce&n services. evideu:vs here.~Louts, that it wiu the Ate uf 3 calup ; and the well is said to have q$ied 2 BIr. Bobert Holmes of Athluntard. 230 -.. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. the act was but partly accomplished, and Carrig-a-Clouragb yet remains to fix the spot where William made his successful passage. Townsfolk for a had not as yet come up infull force, but which was on its way from 'CVaterforil; long period, and up to the last few years, were in the habit of going out to while at the same time Manus O'Brien, a country gentleman, ~roceeded Kilqume on Sundays, and heaping every indignity on the grave of the alleged to William's camp and told that Sarsfield had passed the river with a body of traitor. A couplet was also cut on the tombstone, and, as a specimen of horse, and that he designed something extraordinary. Simaitaneously a the spirit of the poet and of the times, it deserves to be recorded :- cornet of the Irish army had gone over to Wiiliam, znd reported that a, grcat number in the city were resolved to surrender, b,.t werr p1 evcntcd ';y Sarsfield L ' Hero lies the body of Philip the traitor. and Boisseleau. It is quite true that this FrenA deserter visited Wdliam's Lived a fisherman and died a deceiver." camp, and reported that William in despair of takbg the city, which Count Several portions of the tombstone, which lies within the old churchyard of Lauzun, when fist he beheld it, declared might be take^, with roasted apples, Kilquane, and of the present appearance, of which the following is an exact had sent for a more powerful battering train, a vast qaantitg of ammunition, tin boats, and abundant war materials for a vigorous siege. The deserter said, sketch, have been broken in fragments :- that the artillery, &C.,were on their way under an escort of a few troops of Arms a Cock.. [Broken] Villiers's horse. And no doubt they were on th~road from Cadd. And now [Broken] H B A M DECEASCED having called together his faithful staff, Sarsfield made every preparation to [Broken] prevent the advance of the approaching traiu. In the first instance he selected five or six hundred horse and dragoons, whose swords were sharp to execute vengeance, and whose souls wrre nerved for the cccasion. He was TOMB WAS ERECTED IN thoroughly aware of the advantages to be obtained by the presence, in the expedition, of cc Galloping" Hog&x, a well educated, popular mm, and a brave MEMORYO F HIS FATHER raparee. Hogan knew every pass and defilewas familiar with every track PHILIP McADAM DECEASED and roadway-with every ford and bog-and in a critical juncture like the present, was the best man that could be obtained to give effectnal assistance NOVBB 26 1700 AND BIS to the grand exploit of the dashby, dauntless Irish gencrd. XOTHER ELENOR BPADAM Sarsfield, thus equipped and accompanied, left Limerick on the night of Sunday, the 10th of August, far Killaloe. His route lay through IXarold's DECEASED JUNE X 1708 :en] F Cross, near Blackwater; a sweet dnd romantic spot, which to this day is invested with picturesque charms which are universally admired. A The stone lies flat on the ground, the head close up to the wall of the old fine harvest moon lent light to the landscape. He could not venture over church. The lettcrs are rudely cut on a plain slab, and in the orthography OIBrien's Bridge; for that old pass Lstween Clare and Tipperary, of which so there arc some errors, whilst the quaint method of joining letters, or making much has been said in the time of the Eighth Henry, was jealously guardcd one letter a portion of another, is observable in more than one instance.' by the soldiers of William, prepared to meet any attack that might be made Simon Digby, Protestant Bishop of Limerick, in ,m autograph letter to upon them. The cavalcade passed through Bridgetown and Tallycorncy, Sir Robcrt Southwell, at the Camp, dated Dublin, July 22n4 1690, now stated the Shannon being all the time on their right. At Ballycorney Bridge a family whose name was Cecil resided-a Protestant family.1 The party called on a that " he has already had one house plundered a by the Irish. The Lord 'Iyrconncll had t&cn up his quarters in the Bishop's house at Limerick, in young man, a son of Cecil's, requiring that he should go with them. Refusal which mere a11 the books and papers belonging to the diocese, fearing the was vain ; and he at once prepared to accompany the squadron, which went house, on the entering of, the English forces, would be plundered on Tyr- on till they had reached Killalot; and here, passing down by Law's Fields, at connell's account, and therefore entreats some officer may be entrusted with the back of the town, they dabSed OE with gallant, yet cautious resolution; and the order to savc it."= before suspicion could be aroused, the entire party had passed and were at And now the grcat achievement of the siege was being developed. A terrific the Tipperary side of the river; having gone up beyond the bridge, they hand to hand struggle was to be made to test taheprowess of the Irish and the crossed the ford between the Pier Head and BallyvaUcy. This was one of the Williamitcs. The roar and thunder of the guns were now heard in every only two fords which were on the Shannon, about Killaloe at this period- direction, vhen a French deserter from William's camp having made his way the other ford was at Clari~ford.~An old road ran to the Keeper mountains into the cit?, @ve information of the state of the Williamite artillery, which through the viUage of Ballina. The bridge was occupied by Williamite troops who guarded the pass, but never witnessed the masterly movement I It is but justice to state that the highly respectable family of MacAda~n,of Blackwater House, of Sarsfield, who, it is certain, was well able to force the passage; but this near the sceneof the pass, utterly deny the truth of this tradition, which, as an impartial historian, was not his aim. It was his object not to create alarm or awaken suspicion. I am bound to give. Major Thomas Stannard MacAdam, J.P., of Blackwater House, has shown the Author documents, which go to establish the fact that his ancestors were in possession of the The party then proceeded across the country between Ballina and Boher, lauds which they now have, some yeara before the events here detailed; that they rented them from the ICnrl df 'Tliomond, and that they did not obtain them by any act of treachery. 1 Those statements are given from popular tradition. 4 Thorpe's Cofalogtte of the Southwell MSS. Digby had rr taste for pairiting-there are some cf his miniatures at Sherbortrne Castle, See Wnlpde's Anecdotes of Painting, Vol. lII., p. 35G. Within the last thirty years some changes have been made in the fall rirer by thc Com- missioners of the Shannon Navigation, and the ford at Ballpalle- is somen.hat aitrred. 23 2 HISTOIlY OF LINERICK. b. coming out on the Boher road, near Labadhy Bridge. When at this bridge, the party, who were conducted by Galloping Hogan, were startled by a curious incident. Sarsfield discovered, near Labadhy Bridge, a number of mcn on his left, whose presence excited alarm. He ordered the horse to halt, apprehensive that he had been betrayed by Hogan. But the delusion was dispelled in a instant; the men whose presence caused so much alarm were a body of Raparees who had a den or hiding place here, in which they were accustomed to conceal whatever provisions they had taken in, their predatory excursions throughout the district. The party passed on through Morrisey's 130gs.', and continued on their route through KiI.loskully, until they reached Kccpcr Hill, where in the fastncsses of the mountain, they encamped for the night, and wherc, among many others, Sarsfield it is said was visited by one of the old O'Ryans of that country, who offered him hospitality. On the following morning vidcttes were sent to watch the advance of the expected artillcry train of WiIliam, and to rcport progress. In a short time it was intimated to Sarsfield that the guns and ammunition were on their way to Limerick, and that the English forces were to encamp for the night near the hill of Ballynecty, a remarkable conical eminence which maybe seen from a great distance, somewhat near Dcrk.2 Sarsfield wcnt next night and arriving near the hill, he halted. And here lay a principal difficulty, namely, how to discover the watchword of the Williamites. An accident obtained the desired information. One of Sarsfield's troopers, whose horse got lame, fell into the rcre of his party: he met the wife of one of William's soldiers who had remained behind the Williamites on their march, and taking compassion on her, he enabled her to proceed on her journey. By this means the trooper obtaiucd the watchword of the English. The word was Sarsfield." Pro- ccc;liug on, he joined Sarsfield who was in the greatest anxiety for the watch- word, but thc dilliculty was speedily dissipated. Now everything was in readiness to make the grand stroke on which Sarsfield had set his heart, and which was to decide the fate of the campaign, as he had anticipated it would, and as thc rcsult, in the juclgment of all military men, proved it really did. The convoy lay asleep under their guns, their horses were at rest; the encamp- ment was still as death; no danger appeared; all were in imaginary security, free from the slightest suspicion of the blows that were about coming thick and heavy upon thcm. It was moonlight, with occasiontllly flitting clouds. No time was lost in r~inking cvcrjthing ready. When the clouds gathered heavily for a few monlcnts, S:mficld, at the head of his men, accompanied by Galloping Ho5qwith Cwil near him, cautiously proceeded down the hill. As the fist scutincl was npproachecl, the challenge was given, and was replied to by the w;~tch:h\roril" Sarsficld." Inspired with vengeance and determination, Sars- field's men vho had resolved to revenge the wrongs inflicted on their country, on those a-horn they had within their gmsp, entered within the encampment,

when a sccoud sentinel gave the challenge-and "SarsfieldjJ againy was the reply, ndding, Sarsfield is the watchword-Sarsfiel is the man '-at the same moment shooting down the sentinel, which was the signal to the cavalcade to exccute the 1~1.kwhich they had so bravely volunteered to perform. In a >.

1 This msoboi:i thrce hundred yards of nallina Cottage. the late residence of the Rev. Thomas P. nIalicr, some time ago the respected P.P. of that parish, now of Loughmoe, Co. Tipperary. 4' L~b~idhy''signifies "the bed of the Ropes." 1 B~llynectyor White's tonn b ahoat 14 miles from 1.inicrick Ooln is the nest railway station. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. 233 moment the Irish soldiers fell on the astonished and half sleeping Williamites, who knew not where they were, or what was the cause of the terrible calamity they so suddenly and unexpectedly witnessed.' Scarcely any resistance was offered. The men were sabred and shot to death where they lay. Then Sarsfield had their cannon loaded to the muzzle, sunk in the earth and discharged, with an explosion which was heard even in the city itself. The principal occupation of these foreign troops was hanging all un- fortunate Irishmen who came in their way, under pretence that they were raparees, really because they were true to the cause of country and creed. It is no wonder that the Irish should have revenged such horrors. One of the principal guns which Sarsfield had in Limerick was called Sheela Buoy, or Yellow Sheela; which is erroneously said to have been taken on this occasion, when all the guns were destroyed. After this magnificent achievement he returned to the camp at Limerick by another route-not, as Dr. Mulleneux says, by Athlone3-and lost not a moment in gathering together the tired men who had accompanied him in the expedition, and knowing that William would adopt every stratagem to prevent his return to the besieged city, he went back to Limerick by Banagher, where he crossed the bridge, one of the arches of which he blew up, in order to stop the pursuit of the English horse, which were close upon him. Nothing could equal the intense joy and satisfac- tion with which the garrison within the walls heard of this signal advantage. According to King James's memoirs " the garrison was hugely encouraged"'- and when Sarsfield safely returned with his brave band of faithful raparees and Dragoons, the rejoicings that ensued chased away every apprehension, and every one felt confident of success in the issue of the siege. WiUiam, however, was not to be overthrown by this discomfiture-he always threw heart and soul into the cause he espoused. His constant saying not only at Limerick, but throughout the campaign was, cc this is a country worth fighting for," a saying which Cromwell before him is said to have often used. Had James been actuated by a proper spirit at the Boyne, the battle would not have been lost, nor need the unfortunate monarch have made a precipitate flight from Ireland, where the desertion and irregularities of the French under Lauzun, at

1 Captain Robert Parker says (Memoirs, p. 23): "The enemy" (the Irish) "having had s particular account of their route, detached Sarsfield with a good body of Horse and Dragoons to intercept it ; and he passed the Shannon at Killaloe, came up with the train in the nigh: between the 11th and 12th of Bugust, as they lay encamped at Cullen (near Ballyneety) about eleven miles from our camp; and falling suddenly on them when all were asleep, they burned and destroyed everything that could be of any use to us. They burst the cannon by overloading them, and putting their muzzles in ground, then setting fire to them, they went off without the loss of a man. l' This was a well conducted affair," (adds Captain Parker) "and much to Sarsfield's honourn-but he remarks, "had there not been so much cruelty in the execution of it ; for they put man, woman and child to the sword, though there was not much opposition mada However," ex- claims Captain Parker, " we cannot suppose that so gallant a man as Sarsfield CEBTA~Ywas, could be guilty of giving such orders ;it ia rather to be presumed that in such a juncture he could not restrain the natural bsrbarity of bi men" The Dnke of Berwick, in his memoirs, says that it was this coup that defeated the projectors of the siege. " Lierick was weak of itself and ill fortified-and besieged by the army of the Prince of bge. Limerick being open on several quarters, bore many assaults ;but Count Sarsfield, .with a body of six hundred horse and dragoons, having taken and blown np the enemy's artillery, as it was on the road from Kilkenny to their camp before LiPneriek, the Prince of wss forced to raise the siege of that place, after having suffered a considerable loan- Lfe of the Duke of Benokk, pp. 39, 40. 8 Mollenenx and Storey fally sustain this account of and indeed all the writers of the time and since agree in OI a bolder instance of successful strategy at any period stances. HISTORY OF LINERICK. 235 234 -.. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. It was on the 17th-six days after the glorious achievement at Ballpeety- a moment when their aid was most essential, had been producing their fatal that the Williamites began to recover from the crushing blow given by the results on the army, and on the councils of all the generals with two excep- strong arm of Sarsfield. William was determined to proceed with the siege. tions-viz. Sarsfield and Boisseleau. This achievement at Ballyneety was He sent to Waterford for another train of artillery, and on the 17th opened infinitely servicable, only Major James Fitzgerald and fifteen others were killed the trenches before the city. The high towers were soon levelled to the by Sir Albert Cunningham's Dragoons, their pursuit of the returning Irish. ground by his great gum-the besiegers who fired into the trenches, took two And here we kda character introduced on the stage who had not made redoubts and a strong fort, but not without loss, became the garrison disputed his appearance previously-no less a personage than the celebrated Baldearg every inch of ground with all the valour and resolution im O'DonneU, who had made his escape from Spain, contrary to the will of 20th the besieged army made a vigorous sally, which retarYble. ed the enemy'sOn the Austria,then in league with England. He having come by a circuitous route by works, and were not repulsed until after they had made a regular which he was enabled to visit Turkey, and arriving at Kinsale just as James slaughter of the besiegers, who never ceased all the time throwing red-hot had quitted Ireland for France, thousands of the Irish soldiery thronged bullets and bombs into the city, a species of missile with which the citizens had around him; Bishops and Priests hailed his advent with ten thousand been unacqr.ainted, but which did not dishearten them. They had generously welcomes; he made a pompous entrance into Limerick, where his appearance resolved to co-operate with the troops, to suffer and die rather than fdinto created a trenindous sensation in favor of the cause among the defenders of the hands of the cruel and remorseless enemy which approached them. It was the city. There were many prophecies adoat that an " OYDonnellwith a now that the troops of William manifested their insatiable hatred. They red mark was to be the Liberator of his country-that he was to gain a put nearly every Irishman that came in their way to the sword-others they battle under the walls of Limerick." Here then was Baldearg O'Donnell subjected to torture. William was everywhere. As he was proceeding face to face with the enemy.' towards Cromwell's fort, he suddenly stopped his horse to speak to an On the remarkable day when the disastrous news reached William's camp, officer, when a twenty-four pound ball grazed the side of the gap where he an expedition was sent against Castleconnell, that famous old fortress of was going to enter, which certainly must have dashed him to pieces, "had the powerful De Burgos,which had sustained the national cause through many not," says the historian of the campaign, cc the commanding God of Heaven vicissitudes. The besieged submitted, and to the number of 128 were prevented it, who still rescrvea him for greater matters."' If William had brought prisoners to Willia1nys camp. Castleconnell was retained in the been killed at this spot, as fate was so near having it, the political conse- hands of William till the siege was raised, and then it was blown up.= quences would have been momentous, both in England and Ireland, and the From the moment when the earth shook beneath the volcano at Bal- dynasty of the Stuarts might havc had a more protracted tenure. lineety, William well knew that the game was up-that the day was lost. Vigorous was the work, energetic and determined the efforts on both sides Five days had elapsed before William or his Generals could make a maneuvre at this crisis. The Devil's Tower, which ran at right angles from St. John's to repair the injuries which this stunning blow had inflicted. Gate, and which was mounted with three guns, was put idto a state of The extent of the battery train destroyed by Sarsfield consisted of six 24 complete defence by Sarsfield; from this a galling fire was constantly dirccted and two 18 pounders, with five morta~s,155 waggons of artillery .ammuni- against the enemy; and every attempt on it was met with such tremendous .tion, 12 carts of biscuit, 18 tin pontoons, 400 draught horses, 100 fully resistance, that there were no means of approaching it. This tower was accoutred horses. Inthe midst of his disasters, William thoughtfullg issued a very near where the lane to Garryowen now runs by the magnificent Catholic proclamation ordering tithes to be paid to the Protestant clergy, in the Cathedral of St. John-not far from the Black Battory. Every other portion north of Ireland.8 of the defences was put in order with equal energy and skill. The Citadel, which was close by the same spot within the walls, on which St. John's J Lord Mellfort, King Jarnes's Ambassador at Rome, writing to his correspondent, Mr. Nelson, Fever Hospital has been since built, and nearly facing Pennywell, was placed Sept. 9t@,1690, says, " There is new life come amongst the Irishmen upon the arrival1 of the old in the best condition to resist the besiegers. heir of the family of Tprconnell, O'Donald, of whom they pretend or prophecy that he is to Hour by hour the sappers and obtain a victory of the English near Limerick. So far the people are led by this fancy, that the miners of William. were pushing their trenches nearer the wall; but not a very fryars, and some of the Bishops, have pnarms to follow him, but I am afftayed that they moment was lost within the walls in preparations to give such a reception to will forget aU when the danger draws near. --.WcacaricS Ezcidivm (O'Callaghan's, p. 430.) those without, as the indignation and hatred of citizens suggested and sup- Storey sayq "It's incredible how fast the vulgar Irish flocked to him at his first coming, so that he had got in a small time seven or eight thousand Rapparem, and sueh liepeople, together, plied. Let the reader imagine the city as it was at that moment-and as and began to make a figure ;but after a while the businem cooled, and they were weary -of one we have already described it-limited in circumference-the principal streets, another: and he is now only a Colonel in Limerick. They have amther prophecy also, that he should borne to the field above CromweU's Fort, where stands an old chnrch, where, on a stone the Great street of St. Mary's parish-now Nicholas street and Mary street hard by, we shonld pitch our utmost coloure, and afterwards be undone, with a thousafid such -the streets in John's Parish-Thom Corr Castle which was yet standing, like fopperies not worth naming." He was called Bddarrig Bhoe O'Donnell, and was Lmrn and which had been built over two hundred years before, not by Thomas Kildare educated in Spain. as Ferrar ignorantly says, but by Con, or Currey, surnamed De Balbeyn, a Dean Storey got a grant of f 200 for powder to blow np CastleconneU-a large sum in those timd-for euch a purpose; and no small portion of which was expended in the work of devasta- celebrated merchant of Limerick, who bequeathed to the citizens his ca~tle.~ tion, ss the mina of that proud and magnilicent castle show even at this day-lying ss they do in enormous confused masses strewed about, and covered as they are with the litchen, 1 'l Thii I saw, being then upon the Fort, as I did that other sccident at the Boyne before."- through which the national shamrock struggles into growth in perennial beauty, as if vindicating the soil from the pollution with which it was covered by the ruthless savagery of the followers 2 3rd Hen. IV., 28th Afar. 1401.-Thomas Balbeyn, surnamed Cor, sen~torof Limeric'c, left bp of the Prince of orange in 1690. nil1 to the commonnlitp of Limerick, the Castle called Thorn-Cot which he built in the middle of a Storey. 236 HISTORY OF LIMERICK- HISTORY OF LIMERICK. 237 %. John's Church was small-and was the onIy building near the walls $ that brazen-throated engines of war on the Williamites, as they vere pushing direction, except the numerous cabins outside in which just before a large the siege to the most memorable crisis thzt occurred all through the cam- thriving population devoted to industry had dwelt, but many of which were now paign. levelled by the Danes, who here as at the Boyne formed a part of William's The shelling was constant and terrible.' Inside, nothing daunted, encou- army, and who delighted in their devilish work, rejoicing when they saw the raged rather than disrnayed,'the defenders redoubled their energies, making old forts of their ancestors in the hands of William. The streets in this good what had been iajured, and guided by the ablest engineers, stirred by quarter were Slungret-street, Balmerstown, and what the French in their the example of Sarsfield, and resting faithfully on those ancient prophecies maps and plans of the city called '(La Haute Rue," or the High-street. by which even the English were as much as, if not more, influenced than the It is said that the "Brazen Head" still in John-street, was then built. Irish, who assured themselves of a glorious victory despite of every disnd- In St. Mary's parish the principal citizens dweltthe nobility- had their vantage. Though the Duke of Berwick asserts in his memoirs that the houses in the Gieat street, in the Island there were several fine resi- weather was not rainy, we are inclined, however much we respect his tes- dences-a wall surrounded the entire, and from this wall belched forth the timony, to agree with those who state that it was wet during this period of the siege.% the southern suburbs, on this condition, if they should pray for hi soul, and if his brother Henry Balbep, of the City of Bristol, should not lire at Limerick. Peter Loftus, Maycr, John On the 23rd in the morning one of Galmoy's troopers went over to Budston, John Robert Creagh, Bailiffs.-Arlhur MSS. Balbeyn, who appears to have incurred William,. and brought with him a boy, and four very good horses. About the displeasure for a time of Henry IV. was pardoned, and settled down in Limerick. The noon two captains, a lieutenant, a priest, and seventy common soldiers of the Arthur MSS. contain a copy of his pardon, an inventory of his goods, his will, &c. His pardon was witnessed by "James Botjller, Count of Ormond, our Justiciary of Ireland, at Irish, were brought in prisoners from Nenagh,whither General Gi&le marched Waterford, on the second day of July, in the fifth year of our reign. with two thousand horse, six hundred drzgoons, a regiment of foot, arid two By petition endorsed by the Justiciary, and signed with hi seal, and by twenty marks paid in guns, the castle enduring a siege of twen'y-four hours, and then surrendered Hanaper." " EVERDON.'' "Sworn and delivered before John Lombard, Secondary Justiciary of our Lord, at the Court of at discretion.3 That afternoon two Frenchmen went over, and brought wit,h Common Pleas of our Lord the King, assigned to be held at Kilkenny on the sixth day of August, them two as 500d horses as any in thcir army; they @we an account that in the fifth year of King Henry the Fourth [of that name?] after the conquest of England." "the rogues m the city are in a miserable condition for the want of bread By his will among other bequests he gives, as it appears, to his brother Henry Balbeyn, if he shall come here from England, his Castle, which he built in the suburbs of Limerick ; otherwise and drink, but that meat is plenty among them." That night about seven he wills that the Castle aforesaid revert to the commonality of Limerick, and let them pray for hi in the evening, the besiegers played f~~riouslyinto the town in several places. soul ; he says " I also bequeath to Thomas Ilroose one tenement in the city aforesaid, near the One shcll fell into the great magazine of hay, which was consumed, and Custom House of the same city, the aforesaid messuage to be had and holden, with its appur- tenances, by the said Thomaa, his heirs and assigns for ever; I also bequeath to Robert Arthur several houses were burned, the fire lasting there about six hours ; another one tenement in the suburbs of the city aforesaid, said tenement with its appurtenances, to be had set fire to a place near the Church, which was not consumed till five the next and holden by the aforesaid Robert, his heirs and assigns for ever ; I also give and bequeath to morning, and as that was extinguished they fired another place, which was Nicholas Stretch, my chapel which I built in the southern part of the Church of St Mary hy per- mission of the reverend father in Clhrist, Richard Wale, Bishop of Limerick, the Dean and Chapter blown up by the besieged. of the same, dedicated to St. James, the aforesaid chapel to be had and held with its appurtenances I have shown whzt has been said by English writers of our countrymen at by the said Nicholas, his heirs and assigns for ever. I also give and bequeath to the Vicar of this extraorJinary crisis of their fortunes ; ancientancl modern Limerick have the Church of St. Mary my house of residence to be had and held by himself and his successors for ever so that they pray for my soul." The following is added :- suffered equally in their descliption, yet neither Harris, the biographer of "This will was proven and enrolled before us, Cornelius, by the Grace of God, Bishop of William, nor Lord I\Iacaulay who dilates upon the "glaring red brick of the Limerick on the first Monday after the Feast of All Saints, 1403, and the administration of all houses," and the showy shops with their shawls and china," coirlcl tell the the goods of the said Thomas, deceased, was granted unto the executors sworn in iyal form, viz., to make fafthful administration and render account, and to aare us from all indernaities as to aU position of the grave of Tyrconnell, coffin was concealed beneath the thiigs in the said will contained." pavement of St. Mary2s until certain repairs of the Cathedral which were " David Roche, Mayor ; Thomas Roche, and John Stackpol, Sheriffs of the city of Limerick to esecuted a few years ago revealed it.5 all the faithful of Christ, who shall see or hear of the present writing, greeting, eternal salvation in Christ. Ton well know that we have inspectec! the will of Thomas Belbeyn, of happy memory, I have one of those enormous shells in my possession-it is 18 inches in diameter-weighs the tenor of which is as above mentioned; and at the request of Robert Arthur and Richard 200 lbs., and is as formidable an engine of dc.struction as can well be imagined ! Long, citizens of the said city, in order to give faithful testimony to this copy of the aforesaid 2 We have the fact on the authority of three eye-witnesses-namely,Storey, Molleneux, and will we have caused to be attached the seal of our Mayoralty. Given at Limerick on the 26th Dnmont, whose MSS. are quoted by Lord Macaulay, p. 675, vol. 3, in support of it. Rh. day of the month of August, A.D. 1499, in the fifteenth pear of the reign of King Henry the Lawless, in his History of Ireland, believes with the Duke of Berwick that it was not rainy Seventh." during the siege, and that it is a mere pretence snd excuse on the part of the \\'illiamite writers To ehow how very little Ferrar, on the authority he quotes (Davis MSS.) knew of the builder when they say that it was. of Thomcore Castle, or of the facts detailed about him, I quote the following paragraph from a Dean Storey, in reference to this event (Dean Storey's Impurliul Bkloq of the A$aira of Ferrar's History of Limerick, p. 105: -- Ireland, p. 127) has the following:-" This afternoon was eighty-four prisoners brought to the 1401. THOMASKI LDARE, Mayor. Camp, from a Castle some twelve or fourteen miles o$ called Nig4ngh Ruund: these kept out the " Thii mayor did Thomcore castle free bestow Castle for twenty-four hours against Major General GinkelI, and his party of about 1500 Horse On the corporation, a precedent to shew and Dragoons.; the). killed us fourteen men ; but seeing two cannon come, and the soldiers very To his snccessors ;-none like him we see, bnsie in bringing Pnggets for a Battery, they submitted to Mercy. Their Comn~andervas one '. 'Ti strange, 'till sixteen hundred, seventy-three. Captain QBrynn." In the same paragraph lie goes on to state that the same '' afternoon, also, one of Colonel Leveson's Dragoons was hanged for deserting," and that in the evening our (Thorncore Castle stood where the old market was, in John-street.) Bombs and Red-hot balls began to fly, which set part of the Town on Fire, which burnt all that There is not a word in Ferrar as to Thomas Cor or Balbeyn or as to the prayers for the soul of to night, ddestroying a great quantity of Hay, with several Homes. I remember we were all as weJl the donor, or one or other of the particulars mentioned in hi will. It is a question whether it pleased to see the Town flaming as could be, which msde me reflect on our Profession of Soldiery, was not after this citizen that Corry's or Curry'a lane was called-it is near where the Castle not to be over-charg'd with good nature." stood. It was not Thomas Kildare but Balbeyn that bestoved the Castle on the Corporation. 4 Lord Macaulay's Histor)- of England, Vol. 3, p. 6 Tradition state3 that the house in which Tyrconnell lived during his rwidtnce in Limerick, 8 HISTORY OF LIMERICK. 239 238 c. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. It is unquestionable, however, that in the face of fortune, regardless of French fleet, which commanded the seas, should have brought, was not appear- overp: ~eringdifficulties, with 3 King who showed no active sympathies, with ing. A dry crust, a little oatmeal, a few beam, were luxuries which at this crisis soldiers unpaid except in the brass money, g30 worth of which was made to were all that could be looked for by soldiers who had pledged their lives on the represent at least 321000, officers and men and citizens arose in the emergency issue. Londonderry has had the annalists of its bitter days of trial; but with a purpose never surpassed, and stood np so nobly9 that until the last Limerick, on its own side, has never before had one to tell the story of the daily moment heroic Limerick and purest patriotism will be ever associated sufferings of its inhabita~ts~whilethey withstood the might of WilliamJs power. together and honored by all who value greatness struggling against over- The soul of the defenders was Patrick Sarsfield; he cheered the faint-hearted, powering difficulties. infused spirit into, and gave hope to all. His object at this juncture was to As the shot and shell of the enemy poured in and uprooted the pavement give orders to his engineers to have masked batteries placed and mines pre- of the streets, multitudes of women and children were provided with a refuge pred near wherever a breach might be made in the wds, in order if an entry in the King's Island, which remained in the hands of the defenders, though were attempted, that the most destructive agencies should be ready to repel many fnitless attacks had been made upon it. Tents made up of whatever the attack. While the thunders of the Williamite guns were thus directed was available, were pitched where Ireton had been forty years before; many from Singland against the citadel, knocking splinters off the towers, tearing too found refuge beyond Thomond Bridge. It was here that many of the away the stones, or burying themselves in the circumjacent ground, the state records were kept, that the principal judges of the land, including Sir sappers within were at their silent and certain work. William it is said lived Stephen &ice, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and one of the Lords Com- for some part of the time at New Castle, the ruins of which may be seen missioners of the Treasury, dwelt during the occasion;' as well as the Arch- within two miles of the city, where he kept up a constant succession of bishop of Cashel, and several of the highest personages, civil and ecclesiastical. drinking pnrties-a notorious lover of spirits, even the Irish usquebaugh cc Swine herds," " cow boys," Irish cut throat^,"^ was the common name was not an unwelcome beverage to him ! Sarsfield was every where giving by which the native Irish were designated; but the epithets were far more further evidence of his military genius.' applicable to those who so freely used them than to the natives. Sacred to every lover of national honor and religion is the spot from While the chivalrous Patrick Sarsfield had a command in the cavalry, the which the picked soldiers of William were hurled by the intrepidity of the already suspected traitor, Eenry Luttrell, of whom more hereafter, held the soldiers and citizens of Limerick. The outside wall of the citadel bears at same position, whilst Simon Luttrell, who stood true throughout, held a this moment unmistakeable evidence of a fierce cannonade ; splinters are off, similar commission, that of Colonel in the Dragoons. There were fifty-three indentations are visible, stones displaced; everything indicates even at this Regiments of Foot-constituting in all, on their first embodiment, a native 1 The town gate of the citadel is at present the entrancegate to the yard of St. Johds Hospital ; force of 40,000 men, capable of holding their ground in any field, against all the wall is seven feet thick at this place, and wall-flowers in season bloom above the gate, odds, as such portions of the arm), about 15,000 in number, as were in Lim- and a11 along the wall until it meets the newly built enclosure of the Hospital on the western side. The country or outer gate of the citadel is the western portion of the Hospital, of which it erick, proved when it was put upon them to vindicate their race from the forms what we may call a wing-and the lower part of the gateway is now used as a store calumnies, the reproaches, the insults, 2nd the injuries of which the'y had been house for the convenience of the Hospital: the wall is extremely strong, thick, and is fitted so long the victims. Shot and shell poured into the city from the 17th to the with a groove through which the heavy door was raised or let down by chains. The ground in front is considerably raised, and reaches so high as to cover the greater part of the 25th-and the wdswhich had borne the assault throughout, with unexpected trunk of an old pear tree, which is spoken of as having furnished fruit for King Wiliam strength, were at length beginning to crumble, in some parts, beneath the con- 111. and often for Sarsfield. The remnant of the Black Battery is at the eastern corner of the centrated fire of the Williamite artillery, which was replied to shot by shot hospital, and faces Keeper Hi and the old Slieve Phelim mountains in Tipperary. The view from it is redly enchanting. A maskd battery, concealed by wool-bags, sand, timber, and from the citadel and its approaches, and from every other available pcint. whatever was available, was placed at what is now the extreme corner of Curry's Lane, near Hunger was now beginning to do its work on the beleaguered garrison. the same locality, exactly opposite the breach. The ancient wall of the citadel ran several feet Supplies from Clare, which were frequent in the commencement, were failing out from the present enclosure of the hospital and is now level with the roadway; but on the foundations of it skulls and bones were found in abundance on a recent oeeasion, as laborers as the siege progressed. The long promised and long expected aid that the were laying down gas-pipes. On the wall of the hospital is an ancient tablet which was picked np from the ruins about, and in which tradition also states that he was afterwards "poisoned," (though mitten and and which was placed in its present position by, I believe, W. J. Geary, Esq. XD., J.P. when printed authorities state the contrary), was situated near the Church of St. Munchm'd, within the Fever Hospital was nndergoing enlargement. The tablet contains the following legend :- very few yrirds of that Church at the Castle-street side of it. Within the last sixty years the bouse has been removed, and on a site nearer to the roadway, are houses in which a bumble I JOHN CREAGH ~YOB I class of persons now dwell. 1st of MAY 1650 1 He had been a member of the Limerick Corporation ; and it was he who first declared, when a I lawyer, tbat he would drive a coach and six through any act of settlement ! Another of the I family was collector at Limerick. Indeed, even at this period, the Rice family!was provided for I DAVID ROCHFORT an& largely by high public employment. I Mr. John Rice was at the time collector of Kinsale. JAMES BONFIELD Sheriis Cmty Limerick M. P.'s in Jam11's Parliament, 7th May, 1689: - I County-Si3John BitzgeraM, Bart. Gerald Fitzgerald, Esq., commonly called Knight of I the Glynn. I eitie freely bestowed ~il&Uock-Sir Willim Hnrly, Bart. [Broken] JohdLacy, Esq. two bnn3red ponnds AsklottJohn Bourke, Esq., of Cabirmoyle. Edward Itice, Esq. l City of limerick-Nicholas Arthnr, A1derm.m. Thomas Harold, Alderman. [Broken] OC'TWORKS of / Manor and Bnrough of Ratheonnuck, Co. Cmk-Jamea Barry, Esq. Edward Powell, Esq. the 1 Memoirs of Ireland,?. 223. 240 BISTOBY OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LIMBRICIC. 24 l . I hour the wonderful efforts that were made to demolish the walls anh citadel. part of which had fallen on, and demolished the bed. It then passed We need not say what were the capacity and conduct-what the watchfulness through my father's bed-chamber, broke the posts of the bed where he and and care of Sarsfield, when the decisive moment was drawing nigh. Whilst my, mother were asleep, but thank heaven, had no more effect than putting the besiegers were pushing on their works with activity, the besieged were the family in a consternation."' equally wakeful-they not only kept their ground, but they placed their mines A deserter gave them an account, that Colonel Dodrington, Colonel Garret within a short distance of the covert-way, where it was almost certain the Moore, Sir Maurice Eustace, and Colonel Lutterel were killed in the sally.'' Williamite grenadiers and Brandenburgers would lodge themselves. There Eustace was not killed ; and it is equally certain that Colonel Henry Lutterel was no sufficient precaution taken by them ; nor was the terrible cannonade was not killed then or during the war; but that he did meet a violent of the Williamites able to silence the guns that continued to roar from the death, in the streets of Dublin, some years afterwards, will appear hereafter. old grey walls. As happened before, and will again happen, the enpeers King William was everywhere at this particular juncture: balls and shot of William made i mistake which it was not in their power to remedy : they flyhg about him, he braved danger defiantly, and seemed to value life far less made their attack at a point which they imagined the weakest, but which in than success in those efforts, the issue of which he looked forward to as the fact was the best covered and the most artfully contrived for defence of any means of affording him a more secure footing than he had hitherto other throughout the walls; here a mine was made by the direction of possessed. I-Iarris says2 that the engineers assured King William that the Sarsfield, who showed in this instance also his able generalship. No less breach was snfficiently large, but "could not be enlarged for want of bullets." than three hundred shot had been discharged against the walls; but The walls, therefore, which at first could be taken, according to Lauzun, with although the trenches were pushed within thirty yards of the ditch, the Wil- roasted apples, gave way but a few yards in breadth before the fire that had liamites dared not attempt to storm the counterscarpl been so long poured upon them. William complained bitterly of his men.3 These three hundred shot, accompaGed by shells and cccarcasses," at length The breach not being sufficiently wide to admit a formidable body of assail- made a partial breach in the wall near the citadel : which breach may be seen ants-and it was by mines, according to Harris,' that William had resolved at this moment; it measures twelve yards-and was loosely built up between to take the city-counter-mining as a consequence became absolutely neces- the first and second sieges under the ordersy of Sarsfield. All the stones of sary with Sarsfield, who, always wakeful and wary, was thoroughly acquainted the wall, except at the breach, are grouted J-but the breach is repaired by with the stratagetic movements and proceedings of the enemy. Everywhere mortar hastily made of clay. It was at this crisis that the endurance and didhemeet them with a ready wit andgenius,which even his foes freely acknow- courage of the soldiers and citizens, the genius and a~lthorityof the com- ledged wherever they spoke or wrote of bis military ability. All the night of manders were tested to the utmost, and above all, tlat the admitted and the 26thJ within the walls, was occupied hour by hour, in making preparations world-renowned courage of the women of Limerick was conspicuous above for the eventful morrow. The masked battery which had been so well planned all that was done by others. The street leading to the citadel is in the same at the corner of Curry's Lane, was contrived to deceive the vigilant and position to-day as it then was, though the houses were fewer in number and cautious engineers of William, who did not dream that death-dealing missiles did not approach the walls so closely as afterwards and now. ., or gaping guns were concealed within. A formidable mine also was run On the 26t)h the Williamites widened the breach which they had made the underneath the Black Battery, which was reserved for a duty which it soon day before in the wall of the town, and beat down part of the Irish palli- afterwardsperformed against theBrandenburgh Regiment. It had beenresolved sados on the counterscarp. That night they set fire to the town again, long before this to remove all the women and children from the city ; but which burnt very vehemently. Captain Peter Drake, of Drakerath, in the even the adverse historians avow that very large numbers of women could county of Meath, who was in Limerick during the siege, has mtntioned in not be induced to abandon the post of danger. Attached to the sacred connection with the battery and bon$ardment of the city, by the formidable cause, and maddened with rage against the invaders, they mingled with hus- artillery of William-a curious instance of the interposition of Divine bands,sons, and brothers, in the streets. They appeared on the walls during the Provideace in his behalf, by which he adds, "I have been so often times hottest cannonade; they supplied the gunners with ammunition; they attended rescued from calamity and the jaws of death. "There was," he says "between the sick; removed the disabled; bound up the limbs of the wounded. The our house and the town wall a large building. The besiegers ordered two duty iu which they were engaged was the most delightful that could devolve pieces of ordnance to be levelled at this building, and several shots passed upon them, and they went through it with extraordinary spirit and devotion. through and hit at the gable end, within which was the apartment wherein I slept, with one Captain Plunkett, of my lord Gormanstown's regiment ; this I Macaria? Excidium. 9 Harris's Life of Wiiliam III., p. 288. 8 For instance, vhen 'l Manua O'Erien, a substantial country gentleman, came to the Camp, gentleman was to mount guard that day, and going out early left me a-bed. and gave notice that Sarsfield had passed the Shannon in the night at Killaloe, with a body of About two hours after I went out to one of the servants to get me a clean fireor six hundred Horse and Dragoons, and designed something extraordinary, though se~eral shirt, and before I had time to return, a ball had beat down the wall, a great concurring circsmstances, and Sa~sfieltl'sactivity and resolution, which fitted him for any gallant enterprise, rendered O'Brien's story at least probable, yet little regard was paid to it at first; and r great officer, instead of enquiring pa+cularly into the matter, interrogated O'Brien concerning 1 "But nqtwithstanding all the opposition which the besieged were able to make, the enemy had a prey of Cattle in the neighbourhood, of which he complained, saying, ii He was sorry to see finished their'battery of thirtr pieces of cannon on the 24th, and in two days more had advanced Gcncrul O#cws mind Cattle ;nore than the Kzng's dIwr; (Harris's Lijk of WiIIiarn 111. p. 286) and their trenches within thirty paces of the ditch ; there was at this time a great breach in the wall, it nas not until he was brought before the King, that His Majesty ordered Sir John Lanier, with near St. John'a Gate, and part of the palisadoes beaten down by the Counterscarp, &C."-King 600 horse, after much delay and confusion, to meet the train." These, and similar circumstances, Jamea'~~em01~~8, #C. weighed so heavily on William, that he had not coufidence in his officers. 4 Harris's Life of William 111. p. 287. 1 R 242 ~IISTOKY OF LIJIERICK. . I Like the matrons of Sparta, they infused life into the drooping spirits of those and brave, deflant, death-scorning women, was aroused within their souls. who fought for thcir country-and in tones not to be misunderstood, conjured Grenades flew thick and heavy about them, shot and shell swept the walls, thcm to mnkc rampats of their bodics rather than return from the walls, but they faltered not; the Grenadiers followed now by several dctachmcnts, cxccpt amid shouts of victory ! The morning of the 27th of August dawncd were fighting within tbe very streets. John Strect, Broad Street, Mungrct cloudily; a mist was dense on Kcepcr Hill and on Cratloe Woods ; rain Street, every street of the Irishtown down to Ball's Bridge, werc crowdcd had fallcn in abundance during the previous night-the ground near the with those detested freebooters and vagabonds-the dimrabble soldiers of cam was almost u~itcnablefrom the tvater.1 Lord Macnulay2 admits that the bloody-minded contriver of the massacre of Glcncoe ! Burning with all a1 out thc city at this period was n swamp-the view from the towers of insatiable revenge, the women, forgetting thcir nature, callcd aloud on hus- St. Mary's, hc says, did not stretch over smiling meadows and waving fields bands, sons, and brothers to rally-and showed the example themselves. of corn-all was bog and water. Between Newcastle md Singland thcre was The ranks that had been broken were re-formed in ordcr to bcat back with a marsh, whilst bctwccn Groody and the river, it wns impossible to make an irresistible force the tide of sanguinary foreign cut-throats which poured approach by infantry or cavalry, owing to the swampy nature of the ground. across the walls, and which even the hattcry above refcrrcd to was not able Monabraher, or the Friar's Bog, was beyond the water, and it was well nigh ~~cientlyto resist, though it continued to make lanes in the legions of thc impassable. Within the walls all night, thcre was deep silence allied to the Dutchmen and to strsw the pavement with their bodies. The bravc Wau- most resolute and slceplcss dctcrmination and activity on the part of soldicrs chop, a Scotch officer of considerzble ability, commanded seventeen hundred and citizens. And now came the eventful moment of the attack, as day Irish soldiers chosen for the duty. The contest was the fiercest cvcr yet broke through the tlliclc rain which continued to fall. The attack was com- remernbcred. The fight raged, the women, in front and centre urged mcnccd, according to Storcy3 by a detachment of nine compnuics of Grenadiers, on the soldiers by word and example. Half the Earl of Droghcda's Grcn- supportcd by a hundred Frcnch (IIugucnot) officers autl volunteers. The adiers were actually on the rampart, sajs Harris,' wbile others, still more Grenadiers wcrc armed with hand-grenades, which they cast away from them eager, pushed into the very town. Captain Cadogan, of William's army, raiscd with trcmcndous velocity, hidcously shout~ngin the jargon of their country. his isword in triumph as his men were on the brcach. Sarsficld, lion-likc, The bells with which thcir waist belts wcre furnished made a tinkling, went through the strcets, ascended the walls-was everywhere. By an exhi- clanking noisc, such as may bc imagined from the jarring and jingling of so bition of personal courage and daring nevcr yet surpassed, he proclaimed many of thcm togcthcr as the mcn lcapcd and rauin hot hastc to the covered aioud the imperative duty which every Irishman owed to his country in the way and thc two forts ncar John's Gate, which they mere ordered to occupy. crisis.2 A hand to hand, desperate encounter now took place betwecn the assailants Elated with this snccr,ss the Irish venturcd again upon the breach, and the and dcfcndcrs at this point; ,but such were tEe numbers, the violence, the resolution of the women was so great, they pelted the besiegers with strength, and impetuosity of the Grenndiers and their supporters that the stones, and so inspired the men by their example, that after thrce hours soldicrs of the Irish army gave way ! Here too, the tact and foresight of unequal fighting, the Williamites were forced to retire to their trenches. In Sarsficld were manifest. Had not the Irish given way and retreated when the assault the besieged used whatever weapons ctlme first to hand-stoncs they found it impossible wholly to repel the assault, they would have permitted not the least useful. Dr. Davies, Dean of Cork, then present in William's the Williamites to make a lodgement at this important point-and nothing army, states in his journal, 27th August, 1600-after describing the could have prcventcd its permanent occupation by the enemy in that event, assault he says :-"It was a very hot service, both great and small shot and most likely the reduction of the city within a much shorter time than firing continually on both sides-we lost many men, and had more wounded, even William anticipated, flushed as he already was with the assured h2pe of and of them the Lord Charlemont was bruised with stones. The Earl of complete success. Such at least was the thought that possessed the SOULS of Meath was bruised with s stone on the shoulder, &c. Here the fact the grim Grenadiers, and the fierce Huguenots at this moment. ('The is proclaimed, trumpet-tongued to the entire world, that it was the heroi~ics Grenadiers," says Dr. Mollene~~x;'" were seconded by other detachments, of Limerick who nobly repelled the savage invaders, that endeavoured who went on with that heat and courage, that having.gained the counterscarp, to obtain a firm footing within the walls ! Let us picture to ourselves the and a fort which the Irish had under the walls, they, Instead of lod,&g them- heterogeneous battalions of William bristling with all the latest appliances selves thcrc, as they wcre ordered to do, and not to advance any further, and weapons of aggressive war-stung by the miseries of a protracted siege; iountcd the counterscarp, folloying the Irish that fled that way, but these resolved on " death or glory"-making their way blindly over the countcr- being entrenched behind the breach and having planted cannon against it," scarp, through the breach, enfiladed by the &e from the ambuscade, (this n-as the masked battery at Curry's Lane) "they were cut off"! It from which the Irish soldiers had not been driven at any time-like must be adcled, that the moment the retreat of the Irish soldiery was dis- famishkd wolves, hungry for their prey-and at length, within the precincts cerned by their comrades in the streets, and above all by the women, it is impossible to dcscribe the sudden, overwhelming reaction which at once took 1 Eanis's Life of William 111. p. 288. Etqfeeling that could arm citizens and soldiers, with vengeance, Harris tells us, " This action would haTe been decisive had the Engineers made a lodgement in time, or the Counts Zolmes and Nnssau suffered the detachment, appointed to second the 1 So at least, sap the Williamite historians. Grenadiers, to advance beyond the counterscarp. For the Jrish were running over the walls ever ; 1 History of Englnnd, Vol. 111. p. 237. the Bridge into the English Town but observing that few of the English had entered the tom, 3 Storey's Continnation. they rallied and kiiled many of them." See Camden Society's Publications. 4 Dr. Xolleneur's Jhry of the Siege of Limericlc, p. %. 244 HISTORY OF LIDIERICK. . . IiISTOBT OF LIMERICK. 245 of the coveted city, the capture of which was to place the crown per- Attached to the fortunes of William, whose countrymen the soldiers of manently on the head of William, who in person commanded the besieg- the Brandenburgh regiment were, they attempted what no other regiment iug host! Picture the garrison-worn out by constant watching-pinched dreamt of effecting. Like a cloud of vultures they swarmed about the Black by irremediable hunger-the victim to every species of privation; subject to Battery, little dreaming of the volcano that slumbered beneath their feet. treachery within-swayed, however, by the never flinching courage of Sars- They were allowed to crowd in all their strength on the walls, and well- field, and holding out against all odds ! Imagine the wan and wasted nigh to dream that they might win back what had gone so far against them, figures of those maids and matrons who, forgetful of the gentler infIuences when, in an instant, the ground beneath their feet began to rock and to which reign prcclominant in the female breast, lost for the moment the tremble-to sway to this side and to that--to form chasms into whose widen- amcnitics of thcir nature, wild with the excitement of battleand nerving ing jaws many a Brandenburgh fell helplessly-never to see daylight more their arms to hurl death on the heads of the most odious foemen that ever -and at length, with a terrific outburst of all the explosive elements that challenged an oppressed and outraged people to combat. On, on the were concealed within the chamber of the mine, to blow high into the air, crowds rushed from every contiguous lane and alley-from Palmerstown, amid the sunset of that glorious evening, the ruthless barbarians whose from Munpet Lane, from Curry's Lane, across Ball's Bridge from all the very name smelt horribly in the nostrils of the people ! "When our men streets and lanes ; from Emly Lane, Barrack Street, Tumbling Lane, &c. of drew off (says Dean Storey),' some were brought up dead, and somc without the English town, which had never, even in Ireton's cruel time, been witness a leg; others wanted arms, and some were blind with powdcr; espccially to a scene so bloody and so awful as that which was enacted on the ever many of the poor Brandenburghers looked like furies with the misfortune of mcmorabie evening of the 27th of August, 1690. Creagh Lane, Fish gunpowder; one Mr. Upton got into the town among the Irish, and surren- Lme, and Churchyard Lane; the ('Great Strcet," and every other street, dered himself to the governor. Bedloe, a deserter from the Irish army, in gave out their crowds of enraged heroines, who, armed with whatever which he was a captain, went over to WiLliam, and obtained equal rank in wcapon fury supplied, swcllcd the ranks of the Irish soldiers, who now fully that army."= This event has been so often and so variously told-it has restorcd to nerve and vigour, and with the cry, which in a few years, after- been the theme of so many a pen, and so long the boast of Limerick, wards, madc the English pale in the ficlds of Fontenoy and Cremona, of that to dwell longer on it would seem supererogatory. But too much can- Stccnkirkc and Dettingen they drove terror into the coward hearts of the not be said of an event which had so decisive an effect on the determination retreating Dutchmen, Huguenots, and Danes, as they endeavoured to m of William that he saw in an instant the game was up. That night he slept from the strccts over the walls, through the breach back to their trenches ! uneasily on his pillow at Singland. Dreams disturbed his soul-he had not Broken bottles was a favorite wcapon with the women. But few, compan- retired before he drenched himself thoroughly with those strong drinks tively few of Willism's army lived to make their escape from the city.- which he loved so dearly. He cursed the fate which brought him to Limer- William, all the time, was viewing from Cromwell's fort, the events of that ick to witness a defeat unparalleled in the annals of warfare. None of his to him, most disastrous evening ! The afternoon had cleared up ; the sun, generals dare approach him-tortured and maddencd he cast blame on all in the west, invested with a crimson glory, gave a delightful tinge about him-and as he weighed the advantages of the Boyne with the losses to the foliage of the old woods of Cratloe. The scene beyond the city was and disgrace at Limerick, he groaned in spirit. It was a ~plendidvictory? one calculated to challenge the admiration of the painter, whilst the ruin and havoc of war blended with those elements of tranquil rural attract- iveness which nature profusely shed over the more distant outlines of the picture of the siege, but also says the action would have been decisive if Counts Somes and Nassau would have suffered the detachment, that was to second the Grenadiers, to go farther than landscape, constituting a picture to which Claude, Lorraine only could do the counterscarp. Storey, too, admits the truth. " The Irish then ventured upon the Breach justice. A shout of v~ctoryarose from the besieged, as they hurled from again, and from the walls and every place so pestered us upon the counterscarp, that after nigh three hours' resisting, bullets, stones, (broken bottles from the very women, who boldly stood in the walls the last remnant of the beaten Dutch battalions. But there was the breach, and were nearer our men than their own) and whatever ways could be thought on to more yet to be done. Those mines which Sarsfield had planned had not as destroy us, our ammunition being spent, it was judged safest to return to our trenches."-Dean yet been set to work-:but the opportunity was speedily to arrive ! Dr. Storey's Impartial Historg of the Afairs of Ireland, p. 129. He adds, "that the Danes were not idle all this while, but firedupon the enemy with all imaginable fury, and had several killed; but Mollcneux says that <(theysprung a mine in the Ditch with but little effect." the mischief was, we had but one breach, and all towards the left it was impossible to get into Dean Storey does not say a syllable about the Ditch or anywhere else.--' the town when the gates were shut, if there had been no enemy to oppose us, without a great Harris more truthful-tells us, that during the. heat of the engagement many scaling ladders, which we had not. From half-an-hour after three till near seven, there n was one continued fire of both great and small shot, without any intermission; insomuch that detachment of the Brandenburgh regiment got on the enemy's Black the smoke that went from the town reached in one, continued cloud to the top of a mountain Battery, the powder by accident took fire, and blew up number^."^ No. at least six miles off." This was Keeper Hill. There was no accident: It was aJl intended in the well-weighed and 1 Dean Storey'a Impartial History of the Affairs of Ireland, p. 130. 2 Ibid. Dalrymple (Memoirs, Vol. I. p. 503) says "that the inhabitants of Limerick, eager to give artistically planned calculations of Sarsfield. Molleneux admits that there Qat defeat to King William which those of Londonderry had given to King James, animated was a mine in the ditch :" no doubt of it ; and there were mines, in the garrison. Even the women, from the same emulation, filled the places which the soldiers numbers3-wherever it was imagined that one could be of use.3 had quitted. The garrison rallied, more troops poured into the town from the country behind; and after a dispute of three hours, William was obliged to desist, with the loss of 600 of his English troops killed, and 1000 wounded, besides the loss of the foreigners, which was probably 1 Story, Ibid. W gat, because in the attack they were equd in numbers to the English. He raised the siege 2 Harris's Life of William 111 p. 288. soon after, and the same day set off for Englsnd, leaving Count Solmes to command the army. a Rapin, who was with King \;;.illiam at the siege md was wounded, gives a most farorable But Solmea leaving it likewise soon after, General Ginkle, a Dutchman, vas put in his place." 246 IIlSTORT OF LIMEIIICK,

% I Mcetings were held kit6in the walls, and in the camp of th~enemy on the following morning, which broke over a scene as terrible and as bloody, as cannon shot and scientsc engineering of the most accomplished rtrtillerists in ever battle-field exhibited after fierce contention in the deadly struggle. The Europe at the time ! Molleneux, with a judicious eye to the consequences, streets were flowing with blood-the blood of friends and foes-the latter tells the wodd that but 700 were killed on his side"'sincc the beginning greatly predominating. The uniforms of the Brandenburghers and of Dro- of the siege I" gheda's horse were easily discernible among the heaps of slain that made a King William took a view of the havoc that was made, and sighcd as he mount in John-street, and up from Ball's Bridge to the very mouth of the beheld the effects of that power which is stronger than fire-thc power of breach. About the Devil's Tower, too, there was an awful ap?earance of freemen fighting against slavery-for a cause immeasurably dearer than life. carnage-here many a Dutchman was made to bite the dust in unavailing Kirk's regiment acted throughout with their usual ~avagery.~ agony, as he strove to master a position which defied the unit,ed strength of A Council of War being called, where, as is said, the following reasons Wilhm's trained and well-equipped veterans. In several other places among others being urged, William thought fit to give thc order for raising about the walls, the hclmets of horsemen and the curiously formed hats of the sEge :'- infantry, all headless, showed that their owners were sleeping the long sleep Pirst, " %t the rain tht budfallen, and in allprobability was likely to from which there is no waking; and, as the event proved, the killed, miss- fall, would in a little time so moisten the ground about Lymcrick, that it ing, and wounded of the enemy numbered some thousands, though Storey, would be impossible to draw off the cannon and heavy baggage. sand his copyist in this respect, Harris, are unwilling to admit that they Seeonclly, " Tht the river Shnnon began ao to swell, that if tkg did not amountcd to more than eighteen hundred I' Not a few of the fair forms of suddenlv r~msthe same, the communication with the othcr part of Ihe army those heroines to whom all William's historians attribute the success of the would 62cut off. rcpulse, lay stretched in death, their pure features smiling in the rigid still- Thirdly, cc 17ce watery seasm wolcld uncloubtedly bring thcountr~ distemper ness of the grave, on the victory which they had aided in winning. Wives on our a-, and so more dye of it than by the hand of thc enemy; in the looked among the shin for husbandis and sons; and as they found them, the same manner they did the last campaign of DundaE. salvoes of triumph which thundered from the walls, were mingled with the EbzlrthZy, "That the gawkon of Aymerick being very numerous, if tbj hcart-piercing wail of sorrow, which ascended from the voices of those who abide any assault (which- --- on account of the wcathci... must be made with great were dcprived by the ruthless invader of the prop and stay of many a cheerful disadvaitage), we should lose a great many men." homestead, before the hour that William appeared before those walls, which The soldiers were in hopes that William would give orders for a sccond not only rostcd apples did not take, but which stood firm against the attack, and seemed resolved to have the city, or lose all their livcs j but this was too great a risk to run at one place; and they did not know how his 1 A more absurd untruth never was uttered, when the fact is admitted by Storey and Harris, ammunition was gone, especially by the former day's work. They continucd that no less than nearly two thousand men were kidled, or placed beyond harm's reach, during however their batteries; and then a storm of rain and other bad weather began the attempt to storm the city. The o5cid return between killed and wounded, as given in Appendix LI., p. lxix., EIarris's Lie of Wm. 111.. is as follom :- to threaten, which fell on Friday the 29th in good earnest; upon which William calling another Council of War, concluded the safest way was to quit A List of the flab and rPounded in the Atlack made on Limerick on fha 26th of August, 1690, tram- the siege, without which they could not have secured their heavy cannon, naitted by %he r9ecretav at War to ths Earl of Xottingham :- which they drew off from the batteries by degrees, and found much difiiculty in marching them five miles next day. Sund~ythe last of August, all the Field Field army drew off; most of the Protestants that lived in that part of the country Officers 05eers Lied. wounded. taking the opportunity of removing further from Limerick aith the army;

and "would rather leave their estates and all their substance in the enemiesJ hands, than trnst their persons any more in their power.""arris, too, Second Battalion of Guards speaks of the wet season and a scarcity of ammunition, as the occasion of Tbiid Bitttalion of Gum& ::: I ::: I 1:: the raising of the siege. The heavy baggage and cannon were sent off, and Be1c;lstles's ...... Lt Col. ... the next day the army decamped, and marched towards Clomcl. The apo- logists of William have endeavoured to throw the cause of the failure on the weather, not on the bravery of the soldiers, citizens and women of Limerick. The Duke of Berwick in his memoirs states that the enemy lost two thousand men in the assault. There were ten thousand of William's picked soldiers, including the Brandenburghers, the Danes, &c. engaged in it ;because

I Mollenenx's Diary of the Siege of Limerick, p. 26. 2 Kirk's cruelty was proverbial. His soldiers were called Hrk's Lambs-he had been engaged in long and sanguinary wars in Africa ; and his soldiers were ever ready to execute his bloody orders. Graham in hi History of Ireland states that Kirk's regiment-the 2nd regiment of foot-had the device of a lamb, which it bears to this day, and that the soldiers were called lamb long before the period in question. 8 Storey. 4 This is a calumny of the Williamite writers. 248 HISTOBY OF LIMERICK. 5. according to Dalrymple, William, in coming to Ireland, did not repose faith hung upon the fortunes of Ireland; and the name of Sarsfield became in his English soldiers to fight against King James, and hence he supplied synonymous with everything that was agreeable to the heart of the nation.' his army with an enormous number of Danes, who Storey says, "looked De Burgho relates that William, in his haste to decamp, left a vast number lusty fellows,"-Brandcnburghers, and mercenaries who were ready to enlist of men sick and disabled in hospital. He was asked by such of the generals for the highest pay, and fight against the liberties of a nation with which as dared to approach him, what was to be done with the sick and wounded. they had no sympathy.' Brigadier Talbot displayed great courage and address De Burgho gives the reply-with fury in his eyes, and rage consuming him, in the assistance he gave Sarsfield in repelling the assault. Though it is roaring out, he said, Let them be burned,"-" let them be set fire to ;"% and stated by Storey that houses were set on fire, and tremendous damage done forthwith the hospital was enveloped in flames. to the city during the siege, nevertheless, from the examination of John Rider, referred to in (YCallaghan's Macark Excidium, "there were but few Killed. Kill'd. Lieutenant Latham. Captain Lindon. houses and a little hay demolished in Lymerick during the siege, they," adds Ensign Smih Captain Farlow. he, "having covered their hay with raw hides." Xider bore arms in the Lieutenant RusaeM. city during the siege. Harris, the historian of William, is candid enough to - - In my Lord Liburn's Regiment. add to the numbers given by the Duke of Bcrwick, and to say, that on that In Brigadier Stuart's Regimml. Wounded. eventful 20th of August, 1690, there were twelve field officers, 46 captains, Wounded. Major Allen.' 100 subalterns, and 1531 soldiers of WiUiamJs army killed and wounded 1% Bpiyadier Stuart. Captain Adair. Major CmtcalL Captain Holdrich. There ncver yet was a more signal or a more glorious victory on the part Captain Pallfery. Captain IiubbarL of the Irish. A ray of hope appeared to dissipate the deadly gloom that Captain Galbrefh. Lieutenant Hillton. Captain Stuart. Lieutenant Goodwin. Captain Casseen. Ensign Hook. 1 Dalrymple (Memoirs, p. 474) nays, " The forces which sailed with William, or joined him in Lieutenant Stuart. KilI'd. Ireland, amounted to 66,000 men. But distrusting English soldiers to fight against one who Lieutenant Cornwall. Captain Wallace. had been lately King of England, he took care that more than one-half of his army should con- Lieutenant Carey. Captain West. sist of foreigncrs. For he had 10,030 Danes, 7,000 Dutch and Brsndenburghers, and 2,000 Ensign Stuart. Ensign Ogle. Trench Protestant Refugees, and superiority in general officers, three-fourth3 of whom had been foreigners or Dutch officers, was still greater. Ue carried with him the Prince of Denmark, mor 1 The following verses by Thomas Stanley Tracey, Esq., A.B., Sch. T.C.D., contain an allusion from a fear of leaving him behind, and to lessen the odium of going to fight against his wife's to the locality, as well as to the ~rincipalevents of the Siege :- father, by dividing that odium, than to do honour to the prince, (Duchess of Jfarlborough) whom SARSFIELD'S DEFENCE OF LIMERICK. he would not permit to go in a coach with him. For a similar precaution he carried with him a There's a deathless tree on the ancient lines " Sword, shot, and shell are best to tell number of English nobility and men of fashion as volunteers, or rather as hostages. But Clareu- .Where the old Black Battery stood ; The wrongs of injured men- don's son, Lord Canterbury, who was in the Prince of Denmark's service, refused to attend his With leaves still bright as the fame of the figb No craven King, no traitor friends, master, (Clarendon's Diary) under pretence that he could not with honour serve in a country, That dyed them once in blood. Shall spoil our sport again ;- where he must have run to see that Regiment which the King had taken from him, commanded The heroes are dead, but the tree still lives ; Up with your strong and bloody hands, by another ; but in reality to expose the King for not showing that delicacy to James, which he, And still, as the night-wind grieves, O'Brien and O'Neill, who was more distantly allied to him, seemedto feel. But though the Duke of Ormond had the Immortal memories wake again, And dig the graves of these foreign slaves same excuse of honour, to plead from the station of his former Regiment, he attended the King, That slept beneath its leaves. With a shower of Irish hail." perhaps to conceal the defection which he already meditated." 9 Dean Storey (Impartial History oft. Affairs of Ireland, pp. 129-130) estimates the killed at A thousand iron mouths of death And warriors' ghosts from the battered walls Their fierce repliea combined,- 500, and the wounded at 1000, and gives the following list of the officers killed and wounded at Cry forth in Fancy's ear- he nttnck, in the five Engliih Regiments thatwere On duty, as it was taken exactly the nest day : And the stormers reeled from the fiery breach For ever curs'd be these foreign dogs, Like chaff before the wind ; What demon brought them here? In Lieut.-General Douglas's Regiment. In Colonel Cutts' Regiment. To the trenches driven, with ranks all riven, But we drove them out in the olden time, In the sweep of that deadly shower,- Wounded. Wounded. And we'll drive them out again ; Colonel Culls. Sarsfield hath wished on a foreign field, Sir Qarles Fielding. Liiten to how your father's fought He had died in that glorious hour. Caplain Rose, mortally wounded. Captain Newton. When Sarsfield led our men Captain Guy. Captain Fown. Captain Madam The green flag streamed, the death-shower Captain Treuor. The blood rushed back to many a heart teemed,- Caplain Rose, junior. Lieutenant Lewis. On that eventful day ; Lieutenant Barrock. The fatal bridge was passed ; Captnin Wa~borougli. When Sarsfield from the hills returnsd,- There was har-dy one in that fierce sortie Lieut. Tdd, mortally wounded. Lieutenant Cmy. The lion from his prey; Lieu tenant But had crossed it for the last : Lieutenant Wybra~alr. Trenchard. Little the slumbering foe had dreamed Red ran the flood with women's blood, Lieutenant Lacock. The Adjntant. The Shannon's fords were passe&- W.Haws, a Volunteer. Who fought with Limerick's sons, Ligutnlant Rapine. But bloodhounds staunch were Sarsfield's dogs, Their glorious names shall never die, LkUmant Lqjd. Kill'd. And dragged them down at last Whiie ever that river rum. Ensign Goodwin. Captain Hudson. Eiuign BuA. Ensign Mead. Quick as the lightning flash reveals Three times the furions foe came on,- hWd. - The ravage of the storm, But met and beaten still, 3. In the Earl of Ilfeath's Regiment. Hi eye had scanned the patriot bmd, Their sonls went down to their last parade, Major Ih3kfon. IVou~ And seen their ranks reform ;- With their friends of Keeper Hill. Lieutenant Emis. The Earl of Jfenth. '' NOW pay them back, my boys," he cried, The sun set on two bleeding host% Lieutenant Molrison. Lieut.-Colonel hrewcomb, mortally wounded. " In honest Irish coin, And red with a soldier's shame, Ensign Tapp. Lieutenant Blahey. The long-due debt that Ireland owes K~soWIUIAX with two thousand ghosts, Ensign PtcistnL Lieutenant Hubblefhorn. These braggarts-- of the Boyne! Left Limerick to its fame ! 2 De Burgho's Hibernia Dominicana. HISTORY OF LIMEIiICK. 25 1 250 IIISTOXY OF LINERICK- k. A rapid retreat was now the order of the day with William. On Sunday The citizens and garrison treated such Protestants as remained within the the Ylst of August, his soldiers decamped, blowing up a quantity of bombs walls, after the discomfiture of William, with consideration and clemency; and hand-grenades, which they could not carry with them; the next day he they permitted them to betake themselves, in such numbers as they chose, remained at Cahirconlish, and thence onwards to Waterford where he took to such places outside as they might select for their residences. The want shipping for England. Meantime Boisseleau gave vent to his feelings of of provisions within the city, the enormous rates which were charged for the jealousy by prophesying that when next WiUiam attacked Limerick he ordinay necessaries of life, and the absence of supplies commensurate with would be successful l the wants of the garrison and of the citizens, rendered it essential that the number inside should be reduced as much as possible, and for this reason, if for no other, the Protestantis were allowed to depart. The money in circu- lation was the inferior bass or gun money of James; ad£10 in that coin was the cost of a barrel of wheat; $9 a barrel of malt; L3 a quart of CHAPTER XXXIV. brandy; 2s. 6d. a quart of ale; sdt £l per quart; 30s. a pair for men's shoes; and everything else in proportion.' Storey admits that things were EFFECT OF THE DEFEAT AT LIMERICK ON W1UIILM.-EFFORTS TO REPAIR HIS not so bad as they were reported ; but that they were bad enough is indis- LOSSES.-RENEWED EXERTIONS OF THI DEFENDERS.-ANOTHER YILITARY putable. EXPEDITION SENT TO IRELAND.-PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS. -THE During the time he spent in ca,mp before Limerick,William fared right well.% CAMPAIGN OF LIMERICK AGAIN BESIEGED.-ITIE BURRENDl3R.- About the fourteenth of September, Sarsfield, with a part of the lrish THE TREATY. army, marched over the Shannon at Banagher bridge, and besieged the H~VINQlost his hold on the country worth fighting for, Wibm did not castle of Bin-the marks of the balls may yet be seen in the castle of that despair. He knew the agencies wbich were at work in every direction. town-which was ably defended by a company of Colonel m'sfoot. But Vacillation and treachery, he was conscious, would effect more for h& purpose Major General Kirk marching towards it with a party of WiUiam's my, than great guns and the sword. On these, however, he pjaced no small share Sarsfield raised the siege and marched off.3 of reliance. He at once dispatched a powerful armed force to Ireland, Count Sohes, who commanded in chief, was in Cashel at this time, where including his own regiment of Fusileers, Brigadier Trelawney's, Princess he received a letter by a trumpeter from the Duke of Berwick, then at Lim- he's, Colonel Hastings', Colonel Hale's, Sir David Collier's, Colonel Eitz- erick, complaining that they had heard of a design of William, to transport the patrick's, one hundred of the Duke of Bolton's, and two hundred of the prisoners who had been taken at several places, to become slaves in the Earl of Monmouth's, with the marine regiments of Lord Torrington and foreign plantations; and withal, threatening them with the French galleys. Lord Pembroke. This force effected a landing at Cork on the 22nd of This was said to be a feint or stratagem of the Irish officers, to prevent their September. Cork fell, not being effective for defence since the invention of soldiers deserting, making them believe there was a contract to sell them all gunpowder.' Kinsale also submitted, the garrison, 1200 strong, being to Mons. Perara a Jew for so much bread. Count Solmes sent a reply to allowed to march out with arms and baggage, having a party of horse to the Duke's letter, in which he denied the allegation, but threatened repri- conduct them to Limerick.= It was made a matter of imputation on France s'als if wrong were done to the prisoners in the hands of the Irish. Soon that Kinsale was not strengthened rather than Limerick, as by SO doing one after this Solmes went to England, and Ginkle was made Lieutenant-General, of the finest harbours in the world could be secured against England, and and Commander-in-Chief of the army, who went to his head quarters at her trade with the western world damaged if not ruined3 But in whatever Kilkenny. hght this may be viewed, it is indisputable that the Irish commanders had During these events the castle of Nenagh was taken, and the town set on an intuitive knowledge that France was not faithful in the emergency, and be, notwithstanding a determined resistance on the part of the defenders that the course that had been pursued by her was not consistent with true and the people. During the siege Colonel Evans commanded the County of friendship. The Irish now did what was possible for themselves. Limerick Limerick regiment of militia, and his life was saved by the merest accident. was put in a complete state of defence. Sarsfield employed the abIest en- gineering skill to repair what had been injured, and to strengthen every weak 1 Storey's Impartial History. place. To this day evidences of his energy and skill, may be seen about 2 Thorpe's Catalogw of fhe Southwell YSS. (page 513) gives a cnrious letter said to have been those parts of the old walls against which William's cannon had vainly been written by one Captain Robert Taylor, and dated August 20, 1690, which tells what sort was the bill of fare which William was presented withal by the gallant Captain, and which was directed, and which were again about to receive a fire not less concentrated, all that this poor country can afford, and all that is left worth hi Majesty's eating." Taylor but equally ineffective. Where the bred had been made was set to rights doubtless had a keen eye to his own interests ; but we are strongly of opinion that no French by masonry, which is even now easily discernible. The walls were lined with cuisinier could provide a daintier feast for Royalty than did Captain Taylor, under the circnm- stances, provide for William Ill. while he lay before Limerick. Here is the letter: - enormous earth-coatings which made them completely bomb-br~of.~ Mean- Letter 4 Captain Rabert Taylor, August .ZOth, who sends to the Camp near Limerick, "all while a Privy Council was appointed by William's Government, early in that this poor country can afford, and all that is left worth his Majesty's eating." The Captain and his wife appear to have been a most loyal pair; the viands they sent for the King's table 1 Tidele'a Guide to the South of Ireland. The par before Ildaegillicuddy, the Gorarnor of were one veale, 10 fatte weathers, 12 chickiiges, 2 dussen of fresh butter, a thick cheese and a Cark, made an ineffective resistance to Wiiim's troop. thiin one; 10 loaves of bread, a dnssen and a half of pidgeons ; 12 bottles of ale, halfs a barrelle * Storey. 8 Ibid. of small ale, some Kidnie beanan Storey admits that the defences rare made by the very ablest engineers. Cooke's History of Paraonstown givea a rery good account of this siege. 252 IIISTORY OF LIMBRICIC. IIISTOBY OF LINE~ICK. 253

C 1 December; new Commissions were given oat to the judges, who did not gallant soldier, who had won reputation on foreign fields, would soon follow spare the mere Irish. Nefarious laws were enacted. On the 16th of De- from France, with clothing and other necessaries for 25,000 men, and that cember, Brigadier Dorrington of the Irish army issued a proclamation from he would place himself at the head of the army. Confidence now gained Limerick, in which he stated that all needfcl accommodation was in readiness ground ; and Limerick was put in a complete state of defence. The walls were for those who chose to transport themselves to France.' In this proclama- so widened, particularly towards the south, John's gate, &C., that they tion, the Brigadier inveighed vehemently against William and his government, afforded an excellent walk in after years for the citizens, and White and the conduct altogether of William's partizans everywhere during this pleasantly observes when he wrote :-"those are the walls we now walk crisis. One of William's very first acts on his arrival in London was to open on !"l About the 20th of May, a large arrival of war material took place the Session of Parliament with a speech from the throne, in which he not in the bay of Dublin for William's army, with 500 gun carriage horses, only spoke of the successes (?) which his arms had in Ireland, notwithstan&ng together with Lieutenant-General Scravemoor, Major-General Mackay, and the want of pay wkich his soldiers had endured, but of his relations towards Major-General Ruvigni, and a train of artillery, consisting of 30 pieces of France, fLe raising of a million of money on the credits of the forfeited cannon, 6 mortars, and 12 field pieces, which marched from Dublin towards estates in Ireland, the maintenance of a force of 67,636 men, a strong navy, Mulling.a.r on the 26th; Lieutenant-General Ginkle, and the other general

new ships, &c. It was also suggested that a return should be given of the officers mtending to follow in a few days after. The arms also, which were J names of all those who had been in " rebellion J in England and in Ireland, lately sent from England, were distributed among the Protestants of Ireland in order to the confiscation of their estates, and the applying the proceeds to -a practice, which has not even in our own day been abandoned whenever bear the charges of the war I Here x-e have a keg to tchepurpose and the policy the Orange interest requires support. The Irish supplied themselves with of William. He proczeded against his father-in-law, Jamcs 11. in open arms also; and if even according to Captain Robert Parker, they behaved

"rebellionJ'-and declared those to be rebels who drew the sword against his with wonderful resolution the year before at the Boyne, and with unpar- usurpation. The question of the forfeited estates was not so easily adjusted, dcled bravery at Limerick, they were now determined to fight for native though ultimately it prevailed. The matter was held over for another session, homes and free altars, with more than quondam valour. l'he campaign on the recommendation of the House of Lords. William did not feel at ease quicked into vigorous activity in every quarter. Militia were posted by with his friends; they were exacting, and he was willing, but he could not WilliamJs officers wherever their presence might avail. Tipperary and Cork do all with the desired haste. In disgust he went to Holland, where he were almost altogether confided to the militia. A strong -WiUiamite garri- arrived after an unpropitious voyage. New "Popish plotsJJ were discovered. son was in Clonmel. Sir William Cox, who had the command of Catholics of high position and influence were assassinated under the cover of the militia, advised that a flying camp should be formed at Michelstown, law. Lord Preston and Mr. Ashton were tried and condemned in England, which would so cover the country from all incursions from Limerick, that because they were favorable to James. Never was hatred more insatiate in they could spare troops for the army. It was apprekended that an attack the darkest days that had gone by. In Limerick, Waterford, Cork, and would be made on Waterford by the Irish, because that city was weak in Tipperary, several brisk actions took place between the Wdliarnite troops the absence of the guns, which had Been withdrawn to other places. and the rapparees. Towards Nenagh a sharp fight occurred between the Rogers, an expert engineer, reported what was necessary to strengthen rapparees and Lieutenant-Colonel Lillington, who hst secured a bridge Waterford for WiUiam; and what he recommended was done. Many of about half a mile from the town, sent a detachment to occupy a pass towards the Irish leaders were summarily seized and dieposed of by an order from Limerick, while the rest of his freebooters entering Nenagh-the Irish flying the Council Board of William's government. Everywhere throughout the to the Castle for security-he set fire to the houses, together with stores of country the utmost activity prevailed on every side ; but all eyes were malt, and meal, and plundered 300 head of black cattle. Forty or fifty turned towards Limerick. Irish fell in this foray of Lillington. Hacking, hunting, and butchering Towards the end of May, Major-General Talmash, who was sent over by was the course of the Williamite~.~People began to tire and sicken of this William, arrived in Dublin ; he was accompanied by Sir Martin Beckman, wearisome warfare. A defeat at the moat of Grange, and a scarcity of pro- chief of the corps of Engineers. In a day or two they proceeded towards visions which now began to be sensibly felt in Limerick, contributed in no the camp, where the soldiers had been occupied in hanging such of the poor small degree to unnerve and cause dismay to the people. Succours were Irish as came in their way. Storey states that on one occasion thirty-five hourly looked for from France ; but days and weeks were passing amid hope were killed, and six were "fairly" hanged2 Orders were issued to all sellers deferred, and the good time after all did not come. However, Tyrconnell, of ale and other liquors to dispose of none, but good brewed ale and in January, 1691, returned from Prance to Limerick with three frigates laden genuine liquors to the soldiers in camp, in order to prevent diseases; sellers with provisions, clothing, arms, and ammunition, and about £8000 in money. were dire~tedto procure licenses from Dublin. The latter portion of the Tponnell was accompanied by Sir Richard Nagle and Sir Stephen Rice, in order was withdrawn sametime after, not being found convenient to any of whose hands James had lodged the administration of civil affairs up to the the parties interested. On the 30th of May, Ginkle, in chief command, present. 3. travelled from Dublin, and slept that night at Tycroghan. Nest day he

A considerable number of French officers arrived in Limerick towards the reached the camp at Mullingar, where he found KirkJs, Lord Meath's, Lord

end of April ; they brought an account that General St. Ruth, a brave and Lisburn's, Lord CuttsJ, Colonel FoulkesJ, Colonel Brewer's, Lord George

1 Storey. 2 Ibid. I White's MSS. 2 Storefa Continuation, &c. 254 HISTORY OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF' LLXEI;[CIC. 255 Z. Hamilton's, and Colonel Earle's regiment of footaSir John Lanier's, attempt of Giukle, who sent Km this sumEons to fieliver rip tbat important Briga6ier ViEersas, Colonel Longstone's, Reydepcll's, Boacour's, and Mono- position :- povillonJs horse, with Colonel Levesods Dragoons, who before his coming " Since tie Gofoeemo7~rdesires to see in FXting tAe Jfessage zohich Ijust over to Irciand was made a Brigadier by W&am. The army and militia now sent him by word of moat& he may know, !,hat if he &wrender,s the Fmt got new clothes for the campaign; the colo-U was generally of grey, for, as of Ballymore to .ne within two hours, I will give him adhh Garrisoa their yet, the red had not been introduced in the British army. The Irish wore lives, and make them Pm'snners cf fir; if not, neithw .&c nor fhey shall green, French grey, white, &c. The army of the Williamites was now have any Q?hu:lter, nor another gportufzi& jhr 8~vhtgthem,~elves. i~ozuever, concentrated in a great measure-but in borne places stray parties of militia if in tAat time their Tomen am? Childrefzwill go od, fiey zoild have ny Zeave. and regulars appeared at a distance from the camp; and it was among one "Given at the Camp this 8th day of June, 1601, at 8 a Clock in the of these that Xnsign Storey, the brother of the Dean, was met by the Morning. chivalrous galloping Hogan at Corolanty, near Congort in Lower Ormond. " Bar Be GINCKEEII;. This occurrence, fatal to jioung Storey, who was a gallant soldier, took place on the 1st of June. Drogheda's regiment kept garrison at Corolanty where From Athlone he wrote several letters to the neighbouring noblity and the news of the capture of Coogort had arrived. Storey, with youthful ardor, gentry, calling upon them to use their best endea~oursto aid hi. Among not belie-hg the intelligence that Congort had fallen into the hands of the those to whom he wrote was the first Earl of Granard.1 Irish, resolved to prevent its capture, and to take care that it should not be Athlone, however dnrrendered; and the G'ittle of Aughg.hrim, where St. Ruth burned. He went out with his party, but was surprised and killed. The met with so sudden an end to a glorious career, and where success must have Irish, however, not only buried him xdh the honors of war, but the crowned the Irish army with glory, were it not; for jealousies and divided humanity they manifested, is freely admitted by the brother of the Ensign, councils, followed. who was the Historian of Wfiam's campaigns. The word now was Limerick, which was destined to endure a second siege At Mulling= Ginkle gave certain directions as to the contraction of the within twelve months. works that had been made the winter before for the sucurity of that place. Never perhaps in the chquered history of our country was there a time The design of passhg the Shannon at Meelck or 13anagher, appeared to be in which more intens2 excitement appeared om the part of both of the the most ~lausibleto Ginkle while he lay at Mullingar ; and he sent the amies which were now destined to fight for the mastery before and within Rev. Mr. TPench, who at an earlier period had done service to the cause,' the walls of Limerick. The die was cast. The resolution was taken. The to the Duke of Wirtemberg, then at Ballyboy, to encamp thereabouts until issue was tremendous. Taking a short retrospect of the stirring events of the rest of the army had joined him, or if he could, to surprise a passage the past eighteen months, we have seen compressed within that space of over the Shannon while the Irish army which were watching the other time, matters of momentous importance to the destinies of Ireland. Now portion of the English. Mr. Trench, with a party of thirty horse, got to his was the moment in which the result, for good or for evil, was to be developed. destination, though surrounded by the Irish ; knowing the passes,' and the Ginkle was conversant with the strength of the city, which he had by-ways, he reached Roscrea where the Duke was encamped. For certain resolved to beleaguer. Skill and industry, courage a~dpatriotism, urged causes, however, an express was sent to Athlone directing that the Duke the Irish generals and the citizens to make a raUy unprecedented in energy should marcl forward io order to join the army at Athlone. This was done and power. An army which had been driven, as it were, to bay, now occupied -and matters proceeded in a regular course of operation on both sides. the garrison, and defended a position which was impregnable if strong arms One of the principal wants of the Irish army was an efficient cavalry. Storey and equally- strong hearts could render it so. Ginkle's soldiers were fatigued tells a very curious tale in reference to the manner in which this want was and harassed. Superstitious beyond belief, they reposed faith iu every idle supplied by the Irish Generals. On a certain day they sent directions that prophecy which was noised abroad by the busy tongues of those whose wishes all the gentlemen volunteers and yeomen in the neighbourhood of Limerick should appear on the King's Idand with their best horses and arms. They 1 Copy of a Letter addressed by General& Ginckel, jirsl Earl of Athhe, to the$rsl Earl of Granard. appeared accordingly, when the majority of them were ordered to dismount Camp at Athlone, July 641691, and deliver up their Sorses for the use of the army. In a few days after 1\IY LORD,-I have your Lordship's of yesterday, and am very glad your Lordship has ordered this occurrence the whole body of Irish moved on towards Athlone, the militia to pursue the rebels of Lanshorough. I hope by this that Ballisharman has fur- nish'd men to secure Sligo, for orders have been already sent for that purpose. As for provisions whither they had been informed, by spies and outscouts, the army of the from hence for the new garrisons, it ia impossible to send them ; but if your Lordship, for the Williamites designed to march. Ginkle, meantime, left nine twenty-four present necessity, will send to Molengar, I have ordered the commissaries of provisions to deliver pnders, one eighteen pounder, and three mortars at Mullingar, and marched what your Lordship judges necessary for them. But being to march farther off, I desire yoar Lordship to let the Lords Justicas have an account of it, and they will give directions for their on Saturday the 6th of June, to Rathcondra about six miles between Meers supply- Court and Cairus Castle. He was joined by several general officers and their I send yonr Lordship some of the Lords Justices Proclamations, which you will please to have regiments.-and troops, at the head of whom was Lieutenant General dispers'd as far as may be : your Lordship sees what clemency their Majesties $hew, and the people that come in may be assur'd it will he made good to them, and besides will have euch Douglas, General Milo Burke was Governor of Athlone. He spurned the liberly of their religion as their Majesties promise in their declaration of 1688. I am, my Lord, 1 Storey states that he had been very forward in their Najesties' Service. This reverend Your Lordship's most humble servant, gentleman was ancestor of Lord Ashtown, and of the present Protestant Archbishop of Dublin. (S;&=&) BAB.DK G~CPEL. 256 . .IIISTORY OF LINERICK. were father to their thoughts. They had but little bread. The people fled castle, of which, in the wars during the reign of Henry VIII., we have from them in all directions, except at Shake and the Silvermines, where it Jready written : this was also blown up, and 150 men who composed the is said the inhabitants aided the progress of Ginkle's artillery, and where garrison were made prisoners of war. 'l'here were a few other castles also certain returns were given to parties for services they rendered. They destroyed on this occasion; Ginkle was afraid of allowing any one of them encamped on the 12th at Wa,' and here some deserters from Limerick to stand, "for, to give the Irish their due, they can dehd stone walls very informed them of what was passing. It was here it was mentioned to Ginkle handsomely."l In the afternoon eighteen ships came up the river with war that Lord Tyrconnell had taken dangerously ill, and that no hopes were material and provisions; as they passed Cratloe they fired into the Rorse entertained of his recovery. Ginkle sent several proclamations among the Camp of the Irish army, which was statioxled there; and the fact itsclf of deserters, and contrived that some copies of them should obtain circulation the ships approaching the city, gave cause for further zlarm, as it was sup- in the city. On the 24th they marched to Caherconlish; and from that posed that the river had been well pzrded by the French fleet, which was place, on the day after, Ginkle, with the principal officers, went with a party looked for before this. Further provision ships were ordered by Ginkle to within two miles of Limerick, near which three Irish scouts were posted sail from Kinsale to the Shannon. Thc prisoners also, who had been taken in on the top of a high hill on the left, t'wo of whom deserted to the Williamites. c Castle Connell and Canigo~'ume1, were forwarded to Clonrncl accompanied On the morning of the 15th, at an earlyhour, Major General Ruvigny, by escorts of horse and dragoons. In the evezing the line of circumvallaiion at the head of 1500 horse and dragoons, and 1000 detached foot, as a was finished by the engineers, and other works were brought to a state of reserve in case of danger, under the Prince of Besse, with six field pieces, perfection, the Irish cannon all the while playing furiously on the enemy were ordered to march to Limerick. They were accompanied by General from ihe King's Castle and three other batterics which Sarsfield had con- Ginkle and all the chieE officers, in order to view the city. The Irish army structed, and which Gile had seen when he took his view of the city. were vigilant and active. As the Williamite soldiery approached they got On the 31st of August, Captain Morice, of Sir Donald O'Neill's regiment, a hot reception from firing parties, by which the hedges were lined. Several deserted from the Irish, and informed Ginkle of the apprehensions and fears brisk skirmishes ensued, in which men bit the dust on both sides. A recon- which prevailed as to the probabiiity of his army crossing the river. The naisance, however, was made, by which Ginkle judged of the formidable ford had been seen by Willim very soon after his approach to Limerick. preparations that had been made to defend the city. Be saw that Ireton's Ginkle, therefore, was well acquainted with it, and he had already a battery fort had been repaired, and that a new fort had been built. He saw that a of ten guns and seven mortars to play on Thomond Bridge and the houses third fort had been begun, with a line of communication from one to the on that side of Limerick; and this battery had done considerable damage. other, but that it had not been as yet hished. He also saw that thcre were Sarsfield was everywhere at bis post, and replied effectively to the thunders two field pieces at Ireton's fort, which, however, were not fired, and which of the enemy. Ginkle now, on the representation of Morice, directed a new were drawn off to the city next day. Hewas now told that Lord Tyrconnell battery to be raised ; this was done nearer to the city, and to the right of had died the day previous, and the intelligence was imparted by a Captain the former battery, by four out of each troop of horse and dragoons, who Hagan who deserted, a drummer having gone before him. There is no were told off for the duty, which they executed before next morning. The doubt that Lord Tyrconnell was in a verl anomalous position throughout, duty was irksome to the cavalry, but the exigencies of the position, and the and that but little coddence was reposed m him by theIrish. It is said he harassing work in which the infaxltry regiments were constantly engaged, was slighted to such a degree, that while the Irish camp was at Athlone, made it imperative. The colours of William were not displayed on the Lieut.-Colonel Connor went to his lordship's tent, and told him to quit the battery, in order to deceive the Irish as to the rapidity with which the work camp or he would cut his tent cords.2 Were we to judge of the feelings was gone through. Parties were now sent out to Kerry to reduce and terrify entertained of TyrconneU by the Williamites, by the manner in which their the people; and the quickness and intelligence displayed by the peasantry, historians write of him, it is indisputable that they held him in no bad odour. caused surprise to the soldiers who were despatched against them.Vhese On the contrary, they manifested a favorable disposition to him, and rather preparations having been advanced, a few days more were occupied in per- dwelt on the circumstances of his position with sympathy. Ginkle next day fecting them. General Sarsfield was employed in earnest and energetic seized a quantity of bread carts, which were coming from Tipperary, under a efforts in every direction, and had his plans steadily advanced. The convoy of militia, horse and dragoons, whom he sent home again. weather was wet and stormy, the ground heavy; but nothing could daunt Securing 'the approaches on every side, on the morning of the 87th, an the spirits of the citizens and the army. expedition, with five pieces of cannon, and 700 horse and dragoons, was The whole body of Ginkle's army had marched through Borrisokane, where sent to Castle Connell to complete the work of destruction which had been there had been a pretty English plantation, which was bwed down the but partially effected the year before. The castle was now utterly de- ~reviouswinter by the garrison of Birr, because they had no wish to have molished, and 250 men of the Irish army who garrisoned it were driven rapparees in such close pr~ximity.~They had passed through Birr, where out, and many of them killed. On the same day General Scravemore they left 400 sick, &c. in hospital." the 6th they proceeded to Nenagh, where they remained four days, for want of bread and other necessaries. The proceeded &th another party and four guns to Carrigopnnel, a strong county was desolate, extreme diffculties were experienced in obtainkg

I The residence of the late Lieut.-General Sir Tilliam Parker Carroll, and of his son Captain Carroll. Storey. Storey states that the Cow-boys in Kerry spoke Latin. Ibid. 2 Storey. ' Cooke's History of Parsonstowxi. 258 ULSTOILT OF LI3IERICK. '. . supplies for a marching &myJ which was compelled to carry everything on the axle-tree.' On the 8th an expedition of horse and dragoons with pioneers, were despatched towards the Silver Mines to mend the roads for Ginile's heavy carriages; and a sccond party wcnt on to the pass at Killaloe to keep a close watch in that quarter. On this occasion seven or eight p~konerswere takcn; aid GirLkle wa infor~nedLy deserters, consisting of a brigadier of gnnrds arid tro horsemen, thaL the Irish army were encainped at or near Cahcrconlish; that the Irish foot regiuents were arlned anew out of the stores of Limerick, and that they spoke of giving the Willia~nitearmy battle Lcfore thcy should apyroach the city. On the same day a Mr. Gkhards nppearcd in the general's cmp where he remaincd a few days; he was the bcarcr of n message from I3aldearg O'Donnell, whose conil~~ctas reprcsentcd by Storcy and the Williamite writers was of the most treacherous nature, and whom Itichards, according to thcse autl~orities, represented as anxious to sell 11k country for 8 mess of pottage to its enemies.2 Pticllards procecdcd immediately after this interview with Ginlile,' to Flanders, where Willlam was at this time, in order to inform h of the progress of events. While at Nenagh GGinkle issued a proclamation offering pardon and employ- meut to such of the people as mould come in, and surrender themsehcs to him ; he gave the most liberal promises to such Irish officers and soldiers as would desert their colours, and give him leave to enrol them undsr the banner of Orange. The entire army then continued their march towards Limerick, meetinq with no great oppsition, with the exception of some slight skirmidling bctmcen the advance guards and the Irish, who were postcd outside the walls. The approaches were made in the same manner as they had becn by William, only, says Storey, 'cme drem more to the left, md nearer the Shmnon, but Cured our camp further from the town." Two regiments of foot and one of horse had beeu left uutil the arrival of the cannon on the next day. When the larger part of GinlileJs men had got up, a dctachcd body of foot, commanded by %.Lieut.-General &key, was ordered to attack Ircto$s fort, and the old Cllurch fort, where it was thought by

Ginkle that the Irish had lodged a party-a line was made by GinkleJs men across the fields, and these mere sustained by several full regiments of foot, and a body of horse. An immediate advance was made towards both forts at the same moment-the, Church forb had been deserted, and heton's fort was now evacuatedJ and its occupants retired to a smd stone fort near the out- works of the city, when the attacking party came within gun-shot. In the afternoon Count Nassau with a party attacked CrommellJs fort, in which there were of the Irish 600 soldiers, from which they were dislodged, and in a

8 Storey. 2 Hi business was to assure the General of Baldew~saffections to their Hajestios service, and that if he might have the men he brought over with him admitted into pay in order to serve hi Majesty in Flanders or elsewhere, he himself made Earl of Tyrconnel, to which he pre- tended a title from his ancestors, and have two thousand pounds given him for his expenses, he would then come over, and bring a consi&rable body of the Irish along with him-Slorey. [It L only right to state that all this matter respecting the treason to Ireland of Baldearg O'Donnell has been since denied and refuted in a series of admirable articles in Duffy's Hibernian BIagazine by the late Professor John O'Donovan.] See the acchnt of the O'Donnells in Sir Wiiam Betham's Irish Antiquarian Researches. It is strange that he makes no mention of Baldearg, whose appearance in Ireland is the most extraordinary event in the whole history of the race. See also Storey's Impartial History; Macari3e Excidium, and Mr. O'Callsghan's note ; Life of James 11. 434 ; the Letter of O'Donnell to Avaux, and the Memorial entitled " M6moire donu6e par un homme du Comte O'Doanel A M. D'Avaux." l short time the fort was in the possession of the W-illiamites.1 There were l about ten of the Irish and three of Ginkle's men killed h this encounter. Approaching nearer to the walls Ginkle perceived that a man had been hangcd, who, he was told, was an officer m the Irish army, who, having meditated desertion, was treated with summary justice. He ordercd that every man should sleep at his horse's hcad, for he apprehended a vigorous sally ; and on this occasion Colonel Douep, a Dane, who had commludcd an advance party of horse, was killed by a random shot from the Insh. fhthe following day the battering train came up, m also a great many caniages with bombs, balls, shovels, ickaxes, and about 800 barrels of powder. On the same nighi Girlkle compf eted his arrangements. In the evening of ihe 15th of September, four hundred grenadiers, as soon as it was dark, were ordered to parade at the head of Major General Kirk's regiment, from whence they marched at 9 oYClock,p.m. being joined by six hundred workmen, with the tin boats, and sustained by five regiments of foot commanded by Major-General Talmh, and a body of horse and dra- goods under Major-Generd Scravemore, with six field pieces.2 They marched to a part of the Sbz.mon two miles beyond the Williamite camp, and by kwdve o'clock at night began to lay the boats over. In the meantime the ggenadiers commanded by Sir David Collier, with Captain Ketchmay of Sir Job Hannier's, Captain Almat of Lord Drogheda's, Captain Parker3 of Sir Gustavus Hamilton's regiment, another captain and eight more oEcers, were wafted by the tin boats into an island eastward4 where a bridge was laying also, and from whence it was fordable to the other side. They were accasiondy interrupted, but they succeeded in the enterprise; and on the 16th, the bridge being completed, Colonel Mathew's dragoons began to pass into the island. Brigadier Clifford, whc was posted just at the spot by Sarsfield,to guard against a surprise, betrayed his duty in the most flagrant man,ner, scarcely made a show of resistance, and permitted the passage to be made, though he could have prevented it by a little exertion. His dragoons, who came down on foot, were ridiculed by Ginkle's soldiers. Major- General Tphsb immediately commanded the grenadiers to wade through : .this done they possessed themselves of an old hopse and a- hedge or two, about a bundred yasds from the Irish; and were commanded not to be lavish of their shot, but receive the fie of the Irish until the dragoons and some horse had got over. Then the Irish endeavoured to flank the dragoons on the right. The Major-General commanded a detachment of Colonel Mathew's to beat them from that post. This was effected, and a good party soon got over. 'J'almash then ordered the grenadiers to advance, being sustained by Tifk and Bristow, a party of dragoons, and a party of Coy's horse. This too was done, and after some faint resistance, the Irish ran towards Mona- braher, and a wood which was in their rear, throwing away their grenadoes,

I 1 Oliver Cromwell, in the former wars of beland, never went farther than Clonmel ; for there receiving orders from the Parliament to proceed to England, he entrusted the management of the ormy to Ireton ;who, at the besieging of Limerick, built several forts; two of the most remark- able, bearing the names of Iretan's and Cromwell's,were by Ginkle ordered to be calledMackey's and Nassau's Forts, because gained under these commanders ; and by these names we shall call them for the future, when there is ocqsion to mention them. It is true that they bave long since ceased to be called by the name of William's,generals; and that to this day they are known by the names given to them in Cromwell's ,time. 2 Sbrey. a This individual was a native of the county Cork, and wrote an account of the siege in his lditary Memoira of Ireland and Flanders. ' This island is above Athlunkard Bridge, and is called in Irkh Illainarone. 260 HISTORY OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. 26 1 . I their muskets, and everything that proved cumbersome. Ginkle's men Still fears fdled the minds of the besiegers, and parties were eonstani.ly pursucd them, and killed scveral upon the bog, taking a French Lieutenant- sent out to harass the country. Ballingamy and Bruree were burned, and Coloncl, a Captain, and some more prisoners. IIis advance party received Captain John O'l)elll was posted at Athlacca with mililia and dragoons. It orders not to move till all had got over, and then march to the left up towards was quite well known in William's cam that unless this stratogctic move- the Irish carnp. 1)ut by this time the news of the passing of the river had got ment was successfully effected, it wouP d be impossible to make n decisive to thc Irish llorse aid also to the city. The disorganisation and panic con- attack upon the city, though shot and shell mere vehemently and constantly sequent on these disastrous cvents, which were totally unexpected, are poured into it from the guns and mortars of the besiegers. So hard pushed indiscr?bzble. had been the besiegers, that it was disputed in William's camp whcther the ClilTord, it is certain, vas aided by IIenry Lutterel in the work of treachery, siege should be raised and a blockade instituted. For a time it was carricd in both having apcd as to what was to be done. It is impossible to depict favor of raising the siege, and of abandoning the strong and obstinat!: old city ; the dismg nucl coi~stcr~~abio~linto which these successful uovements of the but as an engineer was proceeding to Kilmallock, for the purpose of fortifying cnmy ihrcw the Irish ariny and the citizens. Saysfield could have easily it as a place of retreat or for winter quarters, in the evcnl of the abandon- prevcnteil thc pnswgc of the river; but hc had llcard nothing until all was ment of Limerick, he was countermanded; and on the 13th of September, orders ovcr. 11 c hacl bccn at thc horse camp, and it was too late, whcn he became were sent to the men of war and other English vessels in the river, to set some acq~iaintccl~iili the disnetrons result. The Irish now broke down the bridge, men on shore in the county of Clare, to destroy all the forage, as it was diidhacl been crcctcd by Fitzhdrcw Crcagh some forty or fifty years before; hvest time. Ginkle's war materials was literally enonnous.2 this movement however was not attended with any advantage. An A second great passage of the river by Cinkle himself, the Duke of attcmpt was 111adc to scize the rccords, the chief personages of the Irish Wurtemburg, Scravemore, "with all our horse md clrogoons, commnded govcmncnt, the treasure, and the ladics who occupied a house about a mile by Major-General Ruvigny, (except Colonel Coy's horsc, and fifty out of each froin Thomond bridge; but this did not succecd.1 At the Castle on the regiment of dragoons), with ten regiments of foot and fourtecu guns, viz., Salluon Weir, an ensign and twenty men wcre posted; these were made ten three-pounders and four twelvepounders, taking also seveu clays' pro- prisoncrs. A small garrison on St. Thornas's Island submitted, and vision along, was made over our bridge of boats into thc county of Clare, two brass field pieces wcre taken. It had been made a matter of boast leaving Major-Genera1 Mackay and Major-General Tabash to command on that the Eoglish lost but one scrgeant, and that there were but twenty this side."' Great difficulty was experienced in this movemei~t; the Iorts of tlicirs 111(\11U~LIIIL~C~ throughout the clay. Captain Taaff, another deserter, and batteries played upon the moving columns with trcrneudous precision. rcyortecl*to Giukle that the city was almost without bread, and that At twelve o'clock, however, on the 22nd of September, they all yasscd the thc shcll ancl shot had done mischief to an extraordinary extent. Ginkle at river,' and they must have been compelled to retrcat, had it not bcen that this juncture issued a proclamation in the names of 'WiUiam and Mary, offering they were so well sustained. Some small firings coutiuued about four o'clock, "l'ardon of their off(wces, ltestituiion of their Mates, Reward of their Services, and all the kncfits pronliscd by the Lords Justices ill their Pro- 1 Smith's MSS. in R1.k contains "some account of the O'Dells of Ballingarry, a family of wbich this 05cer was the ancestor. They were related by intermarriage to the Knights of claination of t,he 7th of July," 2 they submitted within eight days, '(from Kerry, the Hunts of Glangoole, Co. Tipperary, &c. &c. which they are not debarrcd by any Act of l'nrliament, as they are falsely 9 Three hundred cars, with Bullets, Bombs, and other necessaries, come from Dublin, and made to believe by some persons who live by sacrificing their country to the our guns play still from the great battery." That there might be no want of stores of war to reduce the rebellious town, the Commissioners of the Ordnance had some time before loaded on Tyranny and Ambition of France, and ought for that reason be excluded board a vessel, and consigned to Waterford, 1000 barrels of corn-powder, 2000 twenty-four- from Mercy by both sidcs." The Irish leaders spurned the proposal. pounders, 4000 culverin round shot, 4000 twelve-pounders, 20 tons of musquet ehof 5 tons of St. Mary's cathedral, during the siege, as it had Eeen during Ireton's siege, carbine shot, and 5 tons of pistol ball, together with other necessaries.-Storey. Storey. was an object at which most of the power of Ginkle's artillery xas brought r IK Storey's Map of this the Second Siege, he fixes the exact place where the English troops to bear for a time, though it is said he did not wish to destroy it, being an passed the river, and to which tradition has constantly pointed. We have so fully described it ornamcnt to the city.2 It served as a store in which most of the provisions in Chapter XXXIII. that it is needless here more particularly to refer to it. The spot where CAWT~ra SLabpal je, or Rock of Chains, stood before it was blown up by Captain 11. Jacksou's for the Irish army were placed, and furthermore from its mitred towers guns servant, Connell, may be seen in the Iarge field on the Clare side of the river, opposite Corbally. wcre directed aginst the besieger^.^ Storey's Map describes "fishing weirsn near the spot. These weirs now form the mill-race of Corbally the property of Messrs. J. N. Bussell and Sons. St. Thomas's Island is a short distance to the WM. Ulainarone is to the east In 1864, while building a wall around, and rmrking other improvements in the old historic church-yard of Kilquane, another tomb- 1 " There is a small ',\%to House about half a mile froin the town on the Th~l~mondside, nigh etone which deserves notice, and which had been concealed for many years under the earth, which two squadrons of the ltnemies horse were drawn up, and about a Regiment of Foot posted wan turned up :- in the hedges, to secure their Lords Justices, the Records, all their chief Ladies and Treasure, which all were there, and had been, as then, no difficult, though a very good Prize. But after some of oor l'xties had seen them go off in the greatest confusion that could be, we set two or I.H.S. three house%on bre; and staying on that side till about Two o'clock in the afternoon, we had THIS STONE WAS ERECTED BY orders to r?tuiu, leaving n guard in the Fort newly cast up on the other side to sacure the Bridge ; MARY KIRBY IN MEMORY OF HER SON mhercns it's not improbable, had me pursued our good Fortune, the Irish Horse had been routed, THE REV. CORNELIUS KIRBY, PARISH and the Town delivered upon our own Terms."-Storey's Continuatwn, $c. Storev. PRIEST OF PARTEEN, WHO DEPARTED THIS 8 It ismid in popular tmditibn, that it was a gnn fired by Bnrke, a clever wtillerist, from the LIFE 27th DAY OF FEBRUARY, 1769, towrs of the Cntheiird, yhich was YO near being the death of William in 1690. AGED 33 YEARS. nrAY HE REST IN PE.ICE. 262 .IIISTORY . OF LIMERICK. IIISTORY OF LIMERICK. 263 and the Irish retiring until they had got under their cannon. Then all This was the most disastrous and fearful incident of the siege. Lacey was Ginkle's grenadiers commanded by T&, Hudson, zlnd Major Noble, sustained the Commander of the party from the city, who made the sortie at the King's by Kirk's, Tiffins's, St. John's, and Lord Gco~geHamilton's regjmcnts. were Castle over Thomond Bridge. The irddent tended to incrcase the feeling of commanded to advance, and attack the works that covered Thomond Bridge, distrust which prevailed among the Irish soldiery towards the French. being one fort to the right above musket shot from the bridge, an~theron There would have been anothcr story to tcll had it not been for those the left somewhat nearer, besided several natural fortifications of stone causcs which have so clearly mauifested themsglves througl~out. The anger quarries and gravel pits, in all which the Irish had posted a detachment out and indignation by which the citizens and tho Irish soldiers were now seized, of eighteen regiments, of abo~~teight hundred men each. The dispute was may be better Imagined than described. No longer was there confidence hot at first, the cannon playing from the King's Castle, and two or three in the professions or the good faith of Frerlch officers, who appeared, no mlli tcr more batteries, as also amall shot from the walls; the attack seemed hazard- the con~equence,bent on the resolve to put an end to the war. The a-osshg ous, when the English were ordered not to approach so near the city of the Shaunon by Ginkle, of which dSartholernew Van Homiigh: who appears as they did afterwards. However, the Irish being now pressed upon by the to have been Commissary-Genwal of William's army in fielaiid, was a witness, grenadiers, quitted their first posts, and were then reinforced by other de- has been described by thal fortunate adventurer iu glowing terms. He admits tachments ; but the grenadiers pushed onwards. Thomond Gale was held that the aclion of Thornond Bridge was the c~owl~ingevcnt on tlle part of by about 550 Irish; these mere ilriven out aud moss the bridge, when a the Williamites ; it secured a posltition for the English which they could not French major in command at the drawbridge, ordered it to be raised, and have anticipated. According to Van IIomrigh iit cCletIto the capture of Lim- left his friends exposed to the fug of their enemies. Colonels Skelton, erick ;', and he indeed, makes a boast whicl~is not wm;mnted in truth, when Hurley, and Dempsey, Major Neville (hid Major of Limerick) Major Prench, he rmltes that, (lnot one was lost in the action, that they had taken two 22 officers and 97 men were made prisoners ; but all the rest slain, 154 being pieces of cannon, the Standard of Maxwell, a great, part of the accoutrements drowned, and the others killed on the bridgg where the dead were in heaps of their hone, a lieutenant-colonel, and other officcrs prkoncrs, and hove higher than the parapets.' Hanrisa gives a letter of Lord Westmeath, their troops to the mountains and bogs."3 This is not the fact. Harris vindicating Colonel Lutterel from the charge of having betrayed his duty admits that there were ninety of the Xnglish killcd on the occasion. at Limerick, with notes of his own showing that Lutterel must have done In the pocket of Colonel Skelton who died soon dler this event, of his some peat favor to William 111. from tho demands he afterwards made, wounds, was found a curious paper, which contai~ledthe represeutation of a and which were complied with.* spear's head, or a wound, and wlich was looked upon with the utmost interest, even by those of the E1 &h who professed to scoff at it/ 1 Before killing was over they were laid in heaps upon the bridge higher than the lei *es of it; so that they were all either killed or taken, except about a hundred and twenty that got into To~n before the Bridge was drawn up, and many of those cut and slashed to the purpose. The number tutor to ,Edward Southwell, Esq., M.P. for Bristol, dated October 24, 1717, says " Colonel Lntterd was shot in his chair the other night, and died this morning ; the murderer made hb of dead is said to be six hundred, amongst whom we may reckon one hundred and sixty-four ascape ;"and on the 2Gth he writes, " A person is taken on mpicion for the murder of Colonel that were drowned in being forced over the fall of the Draw-Bridge, and reckoned afterwards cavt Lutterel, who was the Col.'s l?owler."t Henry Laws Lutterel became Earl of Carhampton by upon the shoren-81orey. ereation of George 111. on the 23rd June, 1785 ;and after the treason and abnegation of Henry, 2 Harris's William 111. p. 348. the family became thoroughly imbued with the principles of the Eemlution," and several of 3 '' No doubt Lutterel was blamed for his conduct nt W~nericknnd Aughim, and notwithstand- IIe ought to have been honest, them served abroad in the navy and army, supporters of the English. ing the denial of Lord Westmeath, not without good gronttds. Mr. 0' Callaghan, in his notes to Colonel O'Keliy's Macariae Ezcidium, quotes official MSS. for bnt he was a thorough traitor. Capt. Parker was never forgiven for making a candid n tbe ?ension R500 granted to Henry Lntterel. Baldearg 0' Donnell is also said to have received a statement of this patent fact ; and his " Memoirs Were suppressed wherever they could be found : hence the scarcity of his book. This Lutterel was Henry,. the second son of Thomas, of pension. This has been questioned and contradicted, however, by IUr O'Donovm in his History of the O'Donnells, already referred to, in the Ribentian Afugazine. The direct line of the Luttrelstown, CO. Dublin, who was restored to his estates in feeby the Act of Settlement, and Lntfereh became extinct by the death of Henry's grandson, John Lutterel Olmius,' thud Baron died so seized in August, 1674. Re was one of the Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber to King ; Luke Charles 11, and married a daughter of Wm. Segratre, Esrl., of the county Dublin. Simon was Turnham ahd Carhampton and Lutterelstown passed into the handg by purchase of White, Esq. Lord Annally Luke White's son recently raised to the Peerage, enjoys the property ; the eldest son of Thomas ; Henry, of phom we are speaking, the second ; Thomas, the thud, who was attainted of high treason in 1688, and died without issue ; and Robert. Simon, the eldest, it is now called WoodIands. 2 ThisVnn Homrigh feathered his nest very comfortably: in 1607, he was Lord Xayor of was also attainted of high treason in 1688, but being in Prance when the articles of Limerick ; was were agitated, it was thereby provided that in case he returned to Ireland in cigLt months, and Dublin and it at hia request the rear after wards that Gng William granted the collar of submitted to the government of King Wiamand Queen Nary, he should h~vethe benefit of the S.S. '' to be worn by the Lord Yayors of that city in everlasting memory of the delivery from Popery and slavery of Ireland."t [The unfortunate Miss Vanhomrigh, Swift's '' Vanessa," said articles, and 'l General Giledid at the same time, under hi hand, agree with his brother, this branch Hcnry Lattercl, that he, the said Henry, should hnve the estate of hi family ; and the said belonged to of the Vanhomrighs.] a Thorpe's Catalogue of the Southwell MSS. Simon not returning and being outlawed, King William, ir. performnhce of the said General Ginkle's promise, granted to Henry, iirst, custodiam, and afterwards letters patent, of ill1 the said Simon's 4 The following is a copy of a paper which was found in Skelton's pocket ; it contained the title, by virtue of the said outlawry, either hy descent, purchase or otherwise, to Walter Delawar, representation of a spear's head or a,wonnd, and the following words were written about Eq,and his heirs in trust for the said Henry, held from October, 1698" (Decree in Chancery it :- U TiWs is rhe measure of Ihe Wmds of lha side of our Sauiour JwChrisl, whicir mas brought quoted in Archdall's Lodge's Peerage, v01 111, pp 410 414). fm to Henry Lutterel was Governor of Sligo, Knight of the Shire for the county of Carlow, Colonel Crmstontinopb the Emperor Charlemaine in a co$n of goulde, and is a most precious Eelique, of a regiment of hrse, and a Brigadier General before the revolution. Immediately before the to end that he w she who car* the same abmt h&, no $re, nor waler, no mkd, ternpi, Lmiji, LaRes W awnl, nor th canmot him; and tire rwmm, d~child the day she the same battle of Aughrinl every possible imputation was cast upon him by the Irish, and subsequently Ded hurt se. cncaarn, a ardda, by if any for his imputed treachery at Limerick. We find that almost after the siege he rose in high favour shall not diy Death, but &all be delitwed - -, an3 man car& ihr mme about hino with good devotion, dall ham the honour and victory of hb Enimy. The dny that any in the estimation of the Engli~h-'~in 1502 he was appointed a Major General in the Dutch tvil army with a Regiment ; and nominated to command on a military enterprise of importance." && read tire sam m hdi4 red, shall not dg, m Death.-Amen," But on the death of King William he L' retired to hie seat at Lutterelstomn, where he chiefly An& Seriplorb in manu Sahaloris. resided until he was assassinated in his sedan chair by a band of ruffians in the city of Dubliu, Archdall's Lodge's, vol. HI., p 411. 2?nd of October, 1717, and died the next day, October 23."* A letter of JTXiam Wogan, t Thorpe's Catalogue of the Southwell MS. p. 621. 264 IIISTOI~YOP LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LINERICK, 265 . I With fraud, corruption, and overpowering numbers, with Henry Lutterel Storey states that at this time there were no less than 240 odd pilsoners and Clifford, who had bid for their reward, and who awaited the moment to of the English army and militia in the hands of the Irish, and these were obtain it; with infamous traitors of this stamp in his own camp, Lutterel delivered up on the same evening to the English between Mackey's fort and and Cliiford, wlio wcre now in prison, awaiting a Court-Martial for their the city. Whilst these proceedinp were taking place gallopiug Hogan was treachery and abandonment of every sacred duty which they owed their busy in his department with his untiring rapparees, cutting off supplies country in this tremendous crisis of its fortune, Sarsfield and those true men, from the English wherever he had the opportunity, particularly in the neigh- who had thought and acted with him, came to the conclusion that they were bourhood of Cullen and Ballyneety.' But his " labour of love" was destined fighting against odds ; aid though the cannon yet poured its raking fire from soon to be brought to a close ! and the stirring and great, events which have the King's Castle and the batteries about the bridge on the Williamite so long occupied us. Negotiations were now proceeding with wonderful soldiery, and though many more of them, than has been admitted, fell rapidity. Amongst the exalted personages who were with the Irish com- beneath the shot and shell of the Irish, yet the position of affairs was suf6- manders throughoul the siege, were Dr. Maguire, the Catholic Lord Primate ciently discouraging in the estimation of the Irish commanders. Other of all Ireland and Archbishop of Annagl~, the Catholic Lord Bishop of dcsertcrs wcnt over to Ginkle, among whom was Colonel Corbet, who Cashel, and other high di34taries of the Ancient Church of Ireland. Dr. promised that Tyrconnell's and Gahoy's re,&ents were prepared to Molony, Bishop of Limerick, was in France with King Jams. Lieut.-Gen. join him. This must have been a calumiiy on the brave soldiers of these Sheldon, Lord Galmoy, Lord Westmeath, Lord Dillon, Lord Trimblestown, distinguished regimcnls, which as active contingents of the celebrated Irish Sir Theobald Butler, and several more Irish officers, came on the next day, Brigade abroad alterwards, made tlie name of Ireland respected on foreign the 25th, from the horse camp, where they had been, and dined with General fields, and won for themselves enduring fame ad gloiy. For six long Sarsfield.2 weeks, the siege had becn now procecdlrig? but without the most distant On the following day Wauchop and Sarsfield dincd with Ginkle. Such is chance of success to Ginkle and his mymudons, had treason, on the one war-the most codtiting enemies think no inore of what has passed-they side and want of co~dcnceand union on the other, done the work of sup and are cheery over the red graves of the fallen ! It was agreed that Irclancl's cncmics. rain had been falling in toments for some time; a hostages should be exchanqed, in order to a further treaty ; and accordingly, high wind had accompanied it. However, on the night of the 23rd of Sep- Lord Cutts, Sir DadCober, Colonel 'fiffi, and Colonel Piper were sent into tember, two nights after the fatal event at Thomond Bridge, a parley was the city; Lords Westmeath, Iveagh, Trimblestown and Louth were sent beaten by the Irish drummers as well in the English-town as in the Irish- On the 27th the Irish forwarded their Proposals, which were :4- town. The rain and wind now ceased,-and as if the lull of the elements "1st. That their Majesties will by an Act of Indemnity pardon all past was the forerunner of a truce, at least in the strife which hacl raged so Crimes and Offences whatsoever. furiously for so long a time, Wauchop and Sarsfield, who were beyond the <' 2dly. To restore all Irish Catholics to the Estates, of which they were rivcr at this time, proccedcd to Ginkle, who was at the same place also; seized or possessed before the late Revolution. Coloncl Ruth had previously gone towards Mackey's fort, where Lord '

ceeded toGinkleJsquarters; where afteraprotracted debate, articles were agreed whole bodies as they are now composed, or in parties, companies, or otherwise, without having ahy impediment, directly or indirectly. to, not only for the city of Limerick, but for all the forts and castles of the 111-That all persons above mentioned, that are willing to leave Ireland and go into France. kingdom, then in possession of the Irish, such as Ross, Clare, &c. &c. On shall'hare leave to declare it at the times and places hereafter mentioned, viz : the troops in the same evening an order was signed, directing a portion of the trausport Limerick, on Tuesday next in Limerick ;the horse at their camp, on Wednesday, and the other forces that are dispersed ili the counties of Clare, Kerry, and Cork' on the 8th inst, and on none ships to sd from Cork to the Shannon, in order to take some of the Irish other, before Monsieur Tanieron, the French intendant, and Colonel Withers ;and after such decla- forces on board; and Ginkle despatched a lettcr to Sir Xalph Delavall, who, ration is made, the troops that will go into France must remain under the command and discipline he understood, was upon the coast, with a squadron of English ships of war, of their OGcers that are to condtict lhem thither ; and deserters of each side shall be given up, and punished accordingly. cautioning him not to yrevent the transprt ships of France from arriving in IV-That all English and Scotch Ofleers that serve now In Ireland, shall be included in this the Shannon, nor the remainder of the French flcet from entering the bay of capitulation, as well for the security of their estates and goods in England, Scotland, and Ireland Diugle. On the following day (the 29th) the horse and dragoons, com- (if they are willing to remain here), as for passing freely in10 France or any ,other country to serve. manded by the Marquis de Ruvigny, proceeded to encamp bcyond Six-Mile- V-That all the general French Officers, the intendatit engineer, the engineers, the commissaries Bridge, for the convenience of forage. On this occasion the soldiers of Both of war, and the artillery, the treasurer, and other French Officers, strangers, and all others what- armies became on fiienclly terms, ad mutually visited each other's camps. soever, that are in Sligo, Ross, Clare, or in the army, or that do trade or Commerce, or are other- ways employed in any kind of station or condition, shulk have free leave to pass into France, or On the 30th, the Duke of Wirtemberg entertainednearly all the Irish general any other country, and shall have leave to ship themselves with all theit horses, equipage, plate, officers at dinner, no other movement havillg been contemplated until the papers, and all their effects whatever ; and that Gencrd Gincble will order passports for them, convoys, and carriages by land and water, to catry them safe from Eimerbk to the ships where expected arrival of the Lords Justices, who were seut for to confirm the they shall be embarked, without paying anything for the said carriages, or to those that are civil and military articles, Sarsfield next day complained that certain employed therein, with their horses, cars, boats, and shdlops. of the English began to plunder and strip his soldiers accorcling as they had VI-That if aay of the aforesaid equipages, merel~andize, horses, money, plate, or other inoveables or household stuff belonging to the said Irish troops, or to theFrench Officers, or other the opportunity. Giukle thereupon gave orders that none of his men should particular persons whatsoever, be robbed, destroyed, or taken away by the troops of the said go beyond their own works. The Irish made huts in the Island, to general, the said general wiil order them t6 be restored, or payment to be made according to the which several regiments were drawn. The gates were kept fast locked, as it value that is given in upon oath by the person so robbed or plundered ; and !5e said Irish troops to be transported as Aforesaid ;and all other persons, belonging to them, are to observe good order was apprehended that many would endeavour to escape on the intelligence in their march and quarters, and shall restore whatever they shall take from the country, or ntake .of their having to go to France-a service for which, according to Storey, restitution for the inre. they entertained no particular affection, but which they preferred. after all, VII-Thdt to facilitate the transporting the said troops, the general will furnish fifty ships, each ship's 5urthen two hundrcd tons ;for whIch, the persons to be ttanspotted shall not be obliged as the result soon proved, to the Euglish service. tu pay, and twclity more, if there shall be occasion, ivithout their paying for them; and if any At nine o'clock on the evening of the 1st of October, the Lords Justices of the said ships shall be of lesser burthen, he will furnish more in number to countervail ; arrived at Ginkle's camp; on the 2nd, about two o'clock, pm. Sarsfield, and also give two men of war to embark the principal officers, and serve for a convoy to the vessels of burthen. Wauchop, and the principal generals and public functionaries of Ireland, VIII-That a commissary shall be immediately sent to Cork t6 visit the transport ships, and civil, military, md ecclesiastical, proceeded also to GinkleJs cam what condition they are in for sailing ; and that as soon as they are ready, the troops to be French generals kept out of the way, pretending indisposition.' Lord errionthe transported shall march with all convenieht speed, the hear& way, in orC:r to embark there; Q and if there shall be any more men to be transported than can be carried off in the said fifty and Lord Brittas had now come from Kerry ;their party was included in the ships, therest shall quit the English town of Limerick, and march to such quarters a9 shall be Articles; but new debates arose respecting the bpparees, which occupied appointed.for them, convenient for their transportation, where they shall remain till the other the meeting till an advanced hour in the night. On the 34however, the twenty ships be ready, which may come in a month ; and may embark on any French ship that may come in the meantime. Irish officers again dined with the Duke of Wirtemberg, when the Articles 1x-Tdat the said ships shall be furnished with forage for horses, and all aecessary provisions were interchangeably signed.2 The first about the Surrender of the city to subsist the officers, troops, dragoons and soldiers, and all other persons that are shipped to be was signed by the Generals : and the other about the Privileges granted to t-amported into France; which provisions shall be paid for as soon as all m'e disembarked at :kingdom of Ireland, shall have free liberty to go to aycountry beyond the to be transported ; or if then there is not shipping enough for the body of foot that is next to teas, (England and Scotland excepted), where they Wink fit, with their families, hoaeehold stuff, be transported after the horse, General Ginckle will order that they be furnished with carriages plate and jewels. for the purpose, and *hat provisions they shall want in their march, they paying for the said provisions, or else that they may take it out of their ovn magazines. 268 HISTORY OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LIHERICK. 269 'i. Ginlde's army had orders to march into the Irishtown on that night; but pointed to take possession of the town, thought proper not to march in that as it was after sunset when the hticles were signed, Talmash, who was ap- rright, but gave directions to Nassau's and Hdton's re@ments to possess

XII-That all the troops of horse and dragoons that are in the counties of Cork, Kerry, and that there shall bea free market at Limerick, and other quarters, where the said troops shall be ; Clare, shall also have the benefit of this capitulation ; and that such as will pass into France, and in case any provision shall remain in the magazines of Limerick when the town shall be shall have quarters given them in the counties of Clare and Kerry, apart from the troops that given up, it shall be valued, and the price deducted out of what is to be paid for the provisions to are commanded by General Ginckle, until they can be shipped ; and mthin their quarters they be furnished 'to troops on ship board. shall pay for everything, except forage and pasture for their horses, which shall be furnished XXVlI-That there shall be a ceasation of arms at land, as also at sea, with respect to the ships, pmtis. whether English, Dutch, or French, d~signedfor the transportation of the said troops, until they XIII-Those of the garrison of Sligo that are joined to the Irish army, shall have the benefit shall be returned to their respective harbours ;and that, on both sides, they shall be furnished of this capitulation ; and orders shdbe sent to them that are to convey them up, to bring them with suflicient passports both for ships and mcn ; and if any commander, or captain of a ship, or hither to Limerick the shortest way. any Officer, trooper, dragoon, soldier, or any other person, shall act contrary to this cessation, XIV-The Irish msy have liberty to transport nine hundred horse, including horses for the the persons so acting shall be punished on either side, and satisfaction shall be made for the wrong officers which shall be transported gratis ; and as for the troopers that stay behind, they shall that is done; and Oficers shall be sent to the lnouth of the river of Gmerick, to give notice to dispose of themselves as they shall think fit, giving up their horm and arms to such persons as the commanders of the English and French fleets of the present conjuncture, that they may observe the general shall appoint. the cessat,ion of arms accordingly. XV-It shall be permitted to those that are appointed to take care for the snbsistence of the XXVIII-That for the security of the execution of this present capitulation, and of each article horses that are will'mg to go into France, to buy hay and corn at the king's rates, wherever they therein contained, the besieged shall give the following hostages * * ' * And the general can find it, in the quarters that are assigned for them, without any lct or molestation, and to shall give * * carry all necessary provisions out of the city of Limerick ; and for this purpose the general will XXIX-lf before this capitulation is fully executed, there happens any chance in the goverment furnish convenient carriages for them to the places where they shll be embarked. or command of the army, which is now commanded by General G~kle,all those that shall be XVI-That it shall be lawful to make use of the hay preserved in the stores of the county appointed to command the same, shall be obliged to observe and execute what is specifiedin these Kerry, for the horses that shall be embarked ; and if there be not enough, it shall be lawful to articles, or cause it to be executed punctually, and shall not act contrary on any account. buy hay and oats wherever it shall be found at the king's rates. D' Usson, Le Chevalier 0% Tesse, XVII-That all prisoners of war, that were in Ireland the 28th of Seplember,'lall be set at Latumm Monfmt, Murk Ta66ot, liberty on both sides ; and the general promises to use his endeavours, that those that are in Lucun, Jo. Warchop, England and Flanders shall be set at liberty also. Galmoy, M. Purcell, XVIII-The general will cause provisions and medicines to be furnished to the sick and wounded officers, troopers, dragoons, and soldiers of the Irish army that cannot pass into France ArlicL apedupon llze Third Day of October 1691, 6y the Right Honourabb Sir Charles Portw. at the first embarkment : and after they are cured, will order them ships to pass into France, if Knight, and Thomas Conyngesby Xsg; Lord Juslices of Ircland, and his Excellency Baron Be they are willing to go. Gh&e&Lieut General and Commander in chief of the English Army, on the on8 part, and the Rigilt XIX-That at the signing hweof the general will send a ship express to France ; and that Ho~loura6lePatrick Earl of Lucan, Percy, Viscount Gallmoy, Col Nic Purcell, Col Dillon, and Col besides he will furnish two small ships of those that are now in the river of Limerick to transport John Broune, on the otim side: on the behnlfof the Irish lnhnbifants in the City and County of two persons into France that are to be sent to give notice of thii treaty ;and that the commanders Lymerick, the Countiev of Clare. Cork, Kerry, Sligo, and Mayo, in consideration of the stirrerader of the said ships shall have orders to put ashore at the next port of France where they shall make. of& &'ty of Lymerick, adother agreements made between the said Lieut General Ginckel, the XX-That all those of the said troops, Officers, and others, of what character soever, that Gmmor of the City of Lymerick, and the Generats of the Iriali Army, 6earing Dats with these would pass into France, shall not be stopped upon the account of debt, or any other pretext mts,for the surrendw of the said City, and Sdrnksion of the said Army. XXI-If after signing this present treaty, and before the arrival of the fleet, a. French packet 1. That the Roman Catholicks of this Kingdom shall enjoy such Privileges in the Exercise of boat, or other transport ship, shall arrive from France in any other part of Ireland, the general their Religion as are consistent with the Laws of Ireland; or as they did enjoy in the Xeign of will order a passport, not only for such as must go on board the said ships, but to the ships to King Charles the Second; and Their Majesties (as soon as their Affairs will permit them to come to the nearest port to the place whcre the troops to be transported shall be quartered. summon a Parliament in this Kingdom) will endeavour to secure the said Roman Catholicks snch XXII-That after the arrival of the said fleet, there shaU be free communication and passage further Security in that particular, as may preserve them from any disturbance upon theaccouut between it and the quarters of the above said troops; and especially for all those that have passes of their said Religion. from the chief commanders of the said fleet, or from Monsieur Tameron, the intendant. 2. All the Inhabitants or Residents of Lpmick, or any other Garrison now in the possession XXIII-In consideration of the present capitulation, the two towns of Limerick shall be delivered of the Irish, and all Officers and Souldiers now in Arms under my Comiuhsion of K. James, or and put into the hands of the general, or any other person he shall appoint, at the time and daya those Authorized by him, to grant the same in the several Counties of Lymerick, Cork, Kerry, hereafter specified, viz: the Irish town, except the magazines and hospital, on the day of the Sligo, and Mayo, or any of them, 2nd all the Commissioned Officers in their Majesties' Quarters, signing of these present articles ; and as for the English town, it shall remain, together with the that belong to the Irish Eegiments now in being, that are treated with, and who are Prisoners of Island, and the free passage of Thoniond bridge, in the hands of those of the Irish army that are War, or have taken Protection, who shall return, and submit to Their Majesties' Obedience, their now in garrison, or that shall cqme hereafter from the counties of Cork Clare, Kerry, Sligo, and and every of their Heirs, shall hold, possess, and enjoy all and every theu Estates of Free-hold other placea above mentioned, until there shall be convenience found for their transportation. and Inheritance, and all the Right, Title and Interest. Privileges and Immunities which they, and XXIV-And to prevent all disorders that may happen between the garrisons, that the general every or any of them held, enjoyed, or were rightfully entitled to in the Reign of K. Churh the shall place in the Irish town, which shall be delivered him, the Irish troopers that shall remain to Second : or at any time since, by the Laws and Statutes that were in force in the said Reign of in the English town and the Island, which they may do, until the troops to be embarked on the King Charles the Second, and shall be put in possession by order of the Goverment of such of them first fifty ships shall be gone for France, and no longer ;they shall entrench themselves m both as are in the King's Hmds, or in the Hands of hi Tenants, without being put to any Suit or sides to hinder the ~ommunicationof the said garrisons ;and it shall be prohibited on both sides Trouble therein ; and all such Estates shall be freed and discharged from all hears of Crown to offer any thing that is offensive; an6 the parties offending shall be punished on either side. Rents, Quit Rents, and other public charges incurred, and become due since Mhlnaas 1688, to XXV-That it shall be lawful for the said garrison to march all out at once, or att:different the Day of the Date hereof ;and all Persons comprehended in this Article, shall have, hold, and times, as they can be embarked, with arms, baggage, drums beating, match lighted at both ends, enjoy all their Goods and Chattels real and personal, to them, or any of them belonging, and bullet in mouth, colours flying, six braas guns, such as the besieged will choose, two mortar pieces, remaining either in their own Hands, or in the Hands of any Persons whatever in Trust for, or and half the ammunition that is now in the magazines of the said place ; and for this purpose for the Use of them. orany of them : And all and every the said Persons, of what Profession, an inventory of all the ammunition in the garrison shall be made in the presence of any person Trade or Calling soever tier be, shall and may use, exercise, and practise their several and that the gemera1 shall appoint, the next day after these present articles shall be signed. respective Profession, Trades and Callmgs as freelp as they did use exercise and enjoy the same XXVI-AU the magazines of provisions shd remain in the hands of those that are now in the Reign of K. James the Sewnd ; provided that nothing in this Article contained, be con- employed to take care of the SalUR for the subsistence of those of the Irish army that will pass struedto extend to, or restore any forfeiting Person now out of the kingdom. except what are into France ; and if there shall not be sufficient in the stores, for the support of the said troops, hereafter comprized; provided also, that no Person whatsoever shall have or enjoy the benefit of whist they stay in this kingdom, and are crossing the aeas, that upon giving up an account of this Article, that shall neglect or refuse to take the Oath of Allegiance made by Act of Parliament their numbers, the general will furnish them with sufficient provisions at the king's rates; and ia Engkmd, in the first rear of the Reign of their present lliajwties, when thereunto require& 270 IIISTOBY OF LIMERICK- HISTORY OF, 'LIMERICK. .271

S 1 themselves of the stone Fort and all the outworks of the Irishtoivn. Next The English placed a guard at one end of Ball's Bridge, end the Irish at day five of the English regiments marched in and took possession of the hh- another. On the 5th, 100 men out of each regiment of the English were ordered town, in which were fourteen pieces of cannon, and St. John's Church, which to level the works they had raised against the city. A diEiculty arose respect- was heaped full of oats, of which the Irish had the benefit, in accorda~cewith ing a Lieut.-Colond it1 the Irish arniy, who sent a letter to Ginkle complaining the Articles. Storey observes that the works were all exceedingly strong. that he had been imprisoned by General Sarsfield, (who was now called Lord Kucan by the English, in consccyuence of the Articles), for rcfusinp to go to 8. All Merchants, or reputed Merchants of the City of Lpmick, or of any other Garrison now France. Cinkle ordcred four pieces of cannon to be placed on Dd's Bridge; possessed by the Id,or of any Tom or Place in the Connties of Clam or Kerry, who are absent beyond the Seas, that have not bore Arms since Their Majestics7Declarationin February 1685-9, ht work was ahut to ensue-until thc Lieut.-Colonel was enlarged. Cinkle shall have the Benefit of the second Article, in the same manner as if they were present, proflded issued a declaration, offering pmtection and pay to such Irish officers and mch Merchants and reputed Merchants do repair into this Kingdom withie the space of e~gM soldiers as chose to join the English in preferclice to the Fre~chcolours ; Months from the Date hereof. 4. The following officers, viz. Col Simon LutleriU, Col Rowland Wl* Mauriee Buslaw of and permission to such of them as desired to proceed to their respective Tearmanstourn, CIleaiers of Maysfoum, commonly called Mount Linster, now belonging to the homes. Regiments of the aforesaid Garrisons and Quarters of the 6% Army who are beyond the seas, and J,iincricl; nffordcd King Jsmes a title for Dungan @arl of Limerick) who sent thither upon Affairs of their respective Regiments, or the Army in General, shall have the Benefit and Advantage of the Second Article provided they return hither within the space of eigM suffered for attachment to his master. Months from the Date of these Presents and Submit to Their Mijesties*Government, and take the above mentioned Oath. with, and eq~~allyliable to the payment of so much of the said Dehts as the Lord &an, upon 6. That all and singular the said Persons comprised in the Second and Third Articles. shall have stating Accounts with the said John Bmne, amount unto ; Account is to be stated, and the a General Pardon of all Attainders, Ontlawries, Treasons, Misprisions of Treasons, Premunires, Balance certiA,d bp the said Lord I~canin 21 days after the Date hereof; For the true perfor- Felonies, Trespasses, and other Crimes and Misdemeanors whatsoever by them or any of them, mance whereof, we have hcreuuto set our IXands;' committed since the beginning of the Reign of King James the Second ; and if any of them are Present, attainted by Parliament, the Lord Justices and the General mill use their best Endeavours to get Scravenzore, Charles PM&, the- same repealed by parliament, and the Outlawries to be Reversed grulk, all but Writing Clerks H. itfuch~, TIu. Conpqlesby, Fees. T. Tulmush, Baron De Ginckel 6. Whereas these present Wars have drawn great Violence upon both Parties, and if Leave were given ,to the bringiog of all sorts of private Actions, the Animosities would probably continue And whereas the said City of Lymerick hath been since, in pursuance of the said Articlq that hqve been so long on foot, and the publick Disturbances last ; for the quieting and settling surrendered unto Us. Now know ye, That we having conside:ed of the said Articles, are graciously thefore of the Kiigdom, and the avoiding those Inconveniences which would be the necessary pleased hereby to declare that We do for Us, our Heirs and Su~ccessors,as far as in Us lies, ratifie consequence of the contrary, no Person, or Persons whatsoever comprized in the foregoing ~rticles,' and confirm the same, and every Clause,%ttcr, and Thing therein contained-And as to such parts shall he sued, molested, or impleaded at the Suit of any Party or Parties whatsoever, for any thereof, for which an Act of l'arlianlent shall be found to be necessary. We shall recommend Trespasses by them committed, or for any Arms, Horses, Monies, Goods, Chattels, Ivferchandizes, the same to be made good by Parlialoenl ;and sId1 give our Royal Assent to any Bill or Billq or Provisions whatsoever, by them seized or taken during the Time of the War ; and no Person that shall be Passed by Our Two IIouses of l'arliament to that Purpose. And whereasit appears or Persons whatsoever in the Sccond or Third Articles comprized, shall be sued, or made unto Us that it was agreed between the Parties to the said Articles, that aftcr the Words, accountable for the Rents or Rates of any Laud, Tenements, or Eouses by him or them reserved Lynerkk, Clare, Kerry, Cork, Mapo, or any of thcm, in the Second of the said Ariicles, the words or enjoyed in this Kingdom since the beginning of the present War, to the Day of the Date following :viz. And all such as are under their l'foicction in the said Counties, should be inserted, hereof; nor for any Waste or Trespass by Kin or them committed in any such Lands, Tenements, and be part of the said Articles ; which Words having been casually omitted by the Writer, the or Houses : and it is also agreed, that this Article shall be mutual and reciprocal on both sides, omnissiou was not discwered till after the said Articles mere signed, but was not talcennotice of 7. Every Nobleman and Gentleman comprized in the Second and Thud Articles, shall have before the second Town was surrendered. And that MW said Jasfices and General, or one of them, Liberty to ride .rvith a Sword arid a Case of Pistols if they think fit, and keep a Gun in the did pron~isethat the said Clausc should be made good, it being within Intention of the Capitulation, House, for the Defence of the same, or Fowling. and inserted in the fod Draught thereof. Our further Will and Pleasure is, and We do hereby 8. The Inhabitants and Residents of the City of Lymerick, and other Garrisons, shaH be ratifie and confirm the said words ;viz. (And all such as are under the Protection of the said permitted to remove their Goods, Chattels, and Provisions out of the same, without being viewed Counties) hereby for Us, our Heirs and Successors, ordaining, and declaring, that all and every or searched, or paying any manner of Duties, aml shall not be compelled to leave their Houses Person and Persons therein concerned, shall, and may have, reccive and enjoy the Ben& thereof and Lodgings they now have therein for the space of six Weeks next ensuing the Date hereof. in such and the same manner, as if the Words had been insertcd in tltcir prop place. in the 9. The Oath to he administered to such Eman Catholicks as submit to their Majesties' said Second Article, any oWon, defect, or mistake in the said Second Article, in any iaysnot - Government, shall be the Oath aforesaid and no other. withstanding. Providedalways, and Our Will and Pleasure is, that these our Letters Patent shall 10. No Person or Persons ,who shall at any time hereafter break these Articles, or any of be enrolled in our Conrt of Chancery, in onr said Kingdom of Ireland, withidthe space of one year them, shall thereby make or came any other Person or Persons to forfeit or lose the 13enefit of next ensuing. In witness, &c, Witness Our self at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth Day of same. February, Anno Regni Re& & Ikgha?.Guielmi Mar%, (11lilrt0, per breve de privato sigillo. 11. The Lords Zusticw and General do promise to use their utmost endeav0111~that all Persons Nos &em tenorem premissor. predict. ad requisitionem Attornat. GeueraL Domini Begis & comprehended in the above mentioned Articles, shall be protecthd and defended from all Arrests Dominat &&m pro &gno Hihernia; duximus =empWicandum per prmentes. In Cujus rei and Execntions for Debt or Damage, for the spaceof eight Months next ensuing the Date Testimonium has Literas nostras fieri fecimus Fatentes. Testibus nobis ipsis apnd Wetmon. hereof. quinu die Aprilis boqueRepi eomquarto, 12. Lastly, the Lords Justices and the General do undertake, That their Majesties will ratifie these Micles within the Bpace of three Months, or mner, an@me their utmost Endeavoure that the same shall be ratified and con6rmed in the Parliament. in Cand Magistroe. 13. And whereas Col. John Bmestood indebted unto several Protestants by Jndgementa of &cord, which appeared to the late Government, the Lords Qrconnell and took away the effects the said John Bramu had to Bn8wer the said Dehts; which EEects were taken fathe * The treaty is said to have been signed at or near the Eed Gate, within a mile of the city at publick U& of the Irish, and their Atmy, for freeing the said Lord Lwan of his engagement the Clare side. Padition does not admit that it was signed on what has been called the " Treaty past upon their publick Account for payment of the said Protestants, for preventing the Stone," which has occupied a place ob the North side of Thomond Bridge for many years, and Rnine of the said John Broum~and for satisfaction of hi said Creditors, at the instance of the which was originally a stone, used by country people for getting on borsw when leaving town. said Lord Lumn,and the rest of the persons aforesaid, it is agreed, that the said Lords Justices, The Cork LLFreehdder"of Monday, 11th July, 1814, says, 'l that the late lYuss Dobhin of and Lieutenant General shall interpose with the King and Parliiment, to have the Brown-fieet, had in her possession the TABLE on which the treaty of Limerick was signed ; and Estates wured to Roncan Catholicb by Articles and Cspihdations in Wia kingdom, charged which was about being uuctioned off on decease of abore lady." HISTORY OF LIMEBICB. 273

King James also manifested his attention to Limerick by the grant of a many of their names have ceased to exist in the county and city.' hd charter, which is on record (Rot. Pat. 4 Jac. 11. p .2, m. 1.) This charter between the clash of adverse arms, and the din of civil war, a Court suit, rtxites a judgment against the Corporation in the Exchequer, and professes which was instituted by the August~sof Limerick-who appear to to constitute a new Corporate body. Its provisions are very extensive ; but have been in the eit during the sieges-against a citizen of the name of may be briefly descrihcd as creating n self-elected municipality, removable Lysaght, waa decidd in favour of the former by Sir Charlcs Porter, the by the Lord Lieutenant and Evy Council. Its operation was limited to the Lord chancellor.^ comparatively short rcip of the unCortonate King.1 Colonel John Rice behaved badly in these times. At the surrender of In King Jnmrs's l'arliameut sixty-eight of the gentry of the county and Limerick, he brought in to William a regiment of horse upon the public faith city of Limerick were attainted of high treason;' and it may be added that of bein5 received into the English pay. There was a good deal of litigation and acnmony in consequence, as Captain Morgm O'Bryen, Ca tain Pitzgerald, 1 The Common Conneil of Limerick, January 30, 1687, in which year and the following one, and others replied to the case-which Rice had made upon o taining an Act King Jam- altered all the Corporations of Ireland.-Hunk's Life of King Wi'illiam. of Parliament for Debentures to be given him for his claims arising out of Robert Hannan. Mayor. the Irish wars, the siege of Limerick, &C.' One of the hcads of the causes AMennen-24. Sir James Galway, Bart. Thomas Power, Esq. Sir Oliver Bourke, Bart. J. Rice Fitzwilliam, Esq. I Henry Berry of Limerick, yeoman, Jonathan Boles of Newcastle, geut., George Brim of Sir Wiliam King, Knt. Johu Foord, Nerchant. Shanagolden, gent., John Chinnery of Cregane, gent., Nicholas Chinnery, gent., Richard Chin- John Leouard, Merchant. Thomas Harold, Merchant. nery, gent., WiUiam Clarke of Cloughnarral, Richard Cooper of Knocklong, Chidley Coote Fitz Nicholas Arthur, Esq. William Craven, Merchant. Charles of Eallyshane, Richard Coote, Esq., Francis Courtenay. Richard Courtenay, (sons to Dominick Roche, Esq. J. MacNamara, Mer~hant,}~~~.. Sir William Courtenay), James Cox of Ballyline gent., Thomaa Creed, of Ganynaderkey, gat., Pierce Lacy, Esq. Sep. Creagh, Gent. George CrofN jun. of Croghill, John Crowe of Rathkeale, geut., BIichael Paly of Chashbane, Edward Warr, Merchant. John Rice FitzEdward, Merchant and Johu Dowdall of Cappagh, Ralph Emmerson of Castlematress, John Flyn of Castlematress, Robert Smith, Goldsmith. Chamberlain. Samuel Foxon, jun. of Limerick, Esq.. Bartholemew Gibbii of Covinger, gent., John Owene Michael Creagh, Merchant. Thornas Roche, Merchant. of Cloughnarral, Henry Holmes of Kilmallock, gent., James Howard of Limerick, geut., James John Baptist Ronfel, Merchant. James Craven, Merchant. Higgins, Miles Jackson of Ballyvologue, gent.. William Jephson, prebendary of Donoghmore, James Creagh FitzPierce, Esq. James Taverner, Merchant. Joseph Jephson, clerk, Richard Iugoldsby of Ballybricken, Esq., Hugh Naguire of Duntrilcague, gent., Robert Moore of Limerick, Thomas Moore of Castlematress, gent., Nicholas Mnnckton of Ballynafranke~r,geut., Charles @Dell of Castletownmaciniry, gent., Charles Oliver of Clogher, Esq., Arthur Omsby and John Ormsby, sons of Captain Ormsby of Corgrig, Stephen Palmer, Sir Stephen Rice, Chief Baron. Thomas Breviter, Merchant. gent., Wiam Palmer, gent., Robert Pheaby of Rathkeale, Captain Christopher Philips, John James Nihell, Esq. Simon White, Jun. Merchant. Ponsonby of Fanniugstowu, gent., Thomas Ponsonby of Ballincullenbeg, gent., Robert John Ronane, Esq. Patrick NiieU, Gent. Pope of Rathkeale, gent., Robert Robinson of Rathkeale, John Swape of Clohomwsey, John Theo. Butler, Faq. Bobert Riordan, Merchant. Southwel and Williim Southwel of Castlematress, Henry Trenchard, Thomas Trenchard of John Sarsfield, Esq. Peter Monsell, Merchant. Corgraige, John Treth of Rathkeale, William Walker of Cloughnarral, Olirer Walsh of Bally- John Wall, Esq. Francis Whih Merchant, mutlane, geut., John Whittaker of Lisnasheely. Jeremiah Hall, Esq.' Stephen White FitzFrancis, Werchant. Richard Harold, Merchant. The following absentees attainted if they do not return before the first of September, 1689 :- J. Roe Creagh, Merchant. Hngh Brady, gent., Randill Clayton, gent., John Harrison of Ballyvonneen, Esq., William James Woulfe FitzBartholomew, Merchant. Walter Harold, Merchant. Harrison of Toureen, Esq., Hugh Mwsy, Esq., Archdeacon Henry Harstongue, Hugh Massy, James Robiion, Goldsmith. Zech. Holland, Merchant. Esq.; John Pigot of Eilfenny, Esq., Richard Steevens, gent., Erasmus Smith of Carrigogunnell, Dominick Roche, Jun. Gent. Stephen Comyn, Gent. Patrick Stritch, Merchant. Esq., William Trenchard, Esq., and - Trenchard, gent. of Mountrenchard, Henry Thomaa MacNamara, Gent. Westenra of Athlacca, Esq. Phiiip Stackpole, Merchant. James Arthur, Merchant Tbe following persons of said county and city being residents in England, are to signify their John Skeolan, Merchant. Thomas Arthur, Merchant. loyalis provided the King goes there, by the 1st of October, lG89 :-Joseph Stepney, Abbeyowey, Moses Woodroff, Gent. Nicholas Morrough; Vintner. Thomas Butler oi Kilnemoney, Richard Bury of Ballynerigy, Thomas Maunsell of 13allpemoney, Thomas C~eagh,Merchant. John Daniel, Merchant. Thornas Kose of ~or~ans,Wiiam Gribble, jun. of Limerick, John Douney of Ca~erearnees~, Nicholaa White FitzDominick, Merchant. Henry Turner, Esq., Recorder. Thomas Warren of Newtown, Daniel Webb of Rathgonau, Timothy Webb of Uallygubby, Edward Wight, Merchant. Prothouotary, Clerk of the Peace. Thomaa Oldfield of Gornskeigh, Richard Peacock of Graigue, Abraham Jackson of Duntryleague, George Gromwell, Merchant. Pierce Lacy, Town Clerk, Childly Coote Fitzchidley of Coote, Thomas Spire of Rathanny, Giles Spencer of Limerick, Thomas Long, Merchant. Henry Ciddenham, jun. of Corra, Standish Hartstongue, jnn. of Bruff, Richard Pu'ewport of Long- Brthnr Allen, Vintner. ford, James Webb of Ballyhenneusy. * This gentleman, who was a Doctor of Wysic, founded Hall's Charity" for Poor Protestants a In the registry office of the Higli Court of Chancery, Dublin, is extant an order of said in the English-town, and appropriated certain ground rents in the city to support a certain Court, and an injunction also dated June 22, 1691, in a motion between Friar Brien Kennedy number of aged men and women. For the support of the men, in quarterly payment& the sum and the Convent of St. Augustine in Limerick, plaintiff, and Wm. Lysaght, defendant. The order of £65; for the support of a certain number of women, £60; for the Schoolmaster, for in- of the Lord Chancellor, Sir Charles Porter, was, that the defendant, within six dars after sight, structing twenty boys in reading, writing, and Arithmetic, f12 ; for a Schoolmistress for teaching or due notice thereof, do ansmr the said petition upon his corporeal oath to be taken upon thc twenty girls to read, £12; for supplying the schools with books and stationery, E10; for a Rolr Evangelists ; and that in the mean time the injunction of this Court do issue to give the Clergyman to attend the chapel of said house, 815; for a steward to keep the accounts, make plaintiffs the peaceable'posseusion of the said house, until evicted by law or the further order of quarterly payments, &c. &c. £20 ; for repairs, £10; for releasing debtors from jail, f 10. Dr. thii Court. Said fathet Brien Kennedy was prior of this Convent of Limerick, and nfternzrda Hall alsp bequeathed f 200 to be givenin apprentice fees to deserving young men. He constitnted provincial of his order in Ireland - White's 1kfSS. talien from De Bulghe's dppendiz to his the ProtPstant Bihop, Dean, and Mayor, Recorder and Sheriffs for the time being, trustees of UiPlwienl CoUeciionr, page 318. his wi. For a long thethe charity had been grossly 'mismanaged ; the income has latterly 3 There were certificates of Colonel Fitzgerdd ViUicrs for the horses suppliecl to the troops by fallen away. In the year 1864 there were but eight, viz. two male, and six female inmates. Colonel ace, letters, &c. All these documcnts were published in four separate papers in 1G97 Men and women get cos1 for six weeks and £S 10s. yearly each. The school is well condncted, There were petitions at the same time from Captain Morgnn O'llryen, C:iptain K. O'Bryen, by Mr. and Mrs. George Itussell, and writains no less than 38 boys, a~d22 girls. There Captain G. Fitzgerald, and other officers of Kinx Jams's army, who surrzndcr.d un !cr the siege is no Chaplain at present. James BkcNahon, Esq. of the Probate Court is agent. Mr. Bunsell of Limerick.-ThorP1s Cukzlope of the Soulho~llJfSS. ha £36 18s. bd. a year, and Mra Rusaeil, f 21. 10 2 74 IIISTOBY OF LIMERICK. L. which moved the Catholics of Ireland to take arms fs 1641, was that aU the natives were deprived of the benefit of the ancient fundamental laws, CHAPTEB XXXV. liberties, and privileges, due by all laws and justice to a free people and nation, and more particularIy due by the mer~ifdlaws of Ireland'-but if ASSEMBLAGE OF TILE =H ARabV OFI THB KI~SISLAND. -ADDRESSES BY evcr tho Esh had rcason to take ms-if ever they were driven to the 1st TEE alternative, it was when they saw all that they had fought and bled for, TBIP OATHOLXO BIBHOPS AND CLERGY TO SOLDIEI(9, BY SARSFIEW, EARL OF LUCAN, WAUCHOP, &C.-PILEPABATIONSFOR TEE EMBARKATION-- as ss wrenched from their grasp, by truculent a piece of treache~ ever was TEF, EXBARKATION.-cc~~~T O PATRICK GA~LSPIELD." dreamt of by the most corrupt and the fdsest of their tyrants. In this war they fought for their legitimate king ! There was no rebellion ! !Pm Irish army who had so nobly defended the cause of their country and their religion, and who in tho discharge of duty had won the praises Such was the termination of King James's hold on Ireland. Such was even of enemies, which had fully justitied the observation, that some years the end of the eventful struggle which Limerick made to secure freedom for afterwards was made by Francis the 1st of Austria, after having witnessed Irish Catholics. The treaty was sipd! The capitulation was made. The what had been achieved by the Irish Brigades abroad-when he stated that articlcs were agreed to! Alas! that it should be told how soon the treaty was the true interests of Austria consisted among other things in fostering Irish broken !-How spcediily faith was violated !-How rapidly English perfidy officers,-for c' the more Esh o5cers there are in the Austrian service," said cxhibited the cloven foot whcn Ireland was tpin in her power I On the 3rd he, "the better :" " an Irish coward," he added is an uncommon character, of October tho Trcaty was signed! On the 22nd of the same month, the and what the natives of Ireland even dislike kom principle they gonerally English Parliament excluded Catholics from the Irish Houses of Lords and perform from a desire of glory"-this grand army, or what remained of it Commons, by compeIling them to take the oaths of supremacy before after two memorable campaigns, assembled in the afternoon of Saturday, the admission. 5th of October, on the King's Island. Some of the Irish soldiery had not as yet left the city, They were all brought together on this memorable 1 Desldgmk, Curloea Hibernha. occasion in order that Lord I,ucan, as he was now called by the English, in accordance with the terms of the Treaty, which acknowledged the title that had been conferred on Patrick Sarsdeld by King James, and Wauchop might address them, and acquaint them with the present posture of &airs. This they did in the most impressive manner : they were told, at the same time, that on the next day they should again muster at the same place, when they would meet the bishops and clergy, to whom they had manifested great attachment, and who were to exhort them as to the course they'should adopt in the existing emergency. On the following morning, accordingly, each ent was drawn up at the a pointec! phof rendezvous-it was a Irish sightIrish r~c cuIated to soften the he& anS draw tears from the eyes. The noble river ran bright and clear aroma the Island-the grey old walls of the city which they had defended so well, and the towers of St. Mmy's Cathedral were in front of them. Never, probably, in the histoq of ill-fated natiodties has an incident occurred more touching than the review of this wreck of the loyalist army. There is a natural athos connected with the circumstances of the assemblage on this occasion oP the native warriors, which it wodd beige to endeavour to enhance by any attempt at elaborate description or reflection. To each regiment a persuasive discourse was now preached by the Catholic clergy, who with crucifix in hand stood in front of the soldiers, and openly declared the advantages which enlistment in the French service would be to them, and to the county for which they bd fought, but for which, they could no longer employ thee arms in defence of at home. They stated that France wauld open up new fields for their bravery, and add fresh laurels to their brows--that they might retnrn again in the course of a short period, to vindicate the rights of the old land, and restore it to its former position.' The bishops too went among them, and gave them their blessing; they addressed them encouraf;ingly, and expressed a hope that they would do what sas expected at theu hands, now that the contest in which they had

1 See Storey. fought so galluutl was over, and in which the must have been victors had not for his army, but against France. Accordingly he issucd another proclama- they not bccomc ti: e victims of deceit and treac ery. tion, in which he offered liberty and permission, to such of the soldiers as To counteract these addresses and exertions of the bishops and clcrgy, wonld join him, to return to thcir homes with goods, stock, and familirs. Gencral Ginkle commissioned one of the most expert of his officers to go He gave a promise too, that the rapparees, crcights, and volunteers should among the soltlicrs, and point out to them the great good they were certain be also protected if they came in and submitted. He gave directions to his to confer upon themselves by enlisting under the banners of England rather own officers rind soldims that they should not interfere in any way with the than undcr those of a foreign nation, from which they had not obtained the hdom of the people. The moment, however, that hc had the Irish soldiers assistance sought for. Large promises were made of favour, protection, and within his grasp, he gave them no peace--he regarded them as nothing better promotion. Xver thing was done to induce them to remain at home, rather than deserters; he disbanded the entire number that had gone over to him, than swell the Asof England's enemies abroad. Some time wns occupied with the exception of two regiments which he placed under the command of in this way; at length the flag-staff was raised, and the word was given: Colonel Wilson and Baldearg O'Donnell, both of whom soon aftenwds those who mere for France were to pass to the right, those for England to paid dearly for their desertion of their country. the lcft-the respective generals occupying their proper places during this And now came the trying moment of departure I Passes had been already muster. The scene was one which no pencil could pourtray-no pen signed by Lord Lumfor such of his friends as were desirous of visiting thcir clcscribe. There was no more chivalrous and ma@cent regiment in homes and remmthere.' On the 10th a large portion of Ginklc's army Europe at the time than the guards of King James, oficered by men of rank returned from beyond the river, and 1000 Irish horse and dragoons that had and ability; the soldiers being picked men, who had won renown whcrever gone over to him, were mustered by Allcn, a Commissioner. On the 12th they appeared. Their muster roll was 1400 strong. They were all the chosen the Irish horse regiments that had declared for France, marchcd through the favourites of the unfortunate monarch in whose cause they had bled, and English-townJ out at the west Water-gate, and on for Cork. Storcy states whose crown they would have securcc1,hnd not the fortuna of war decreed other- that they were mbered, as they passed the English camp, and were not wise. As they advanced to the place for separating, for declaring for France 1000 strong; but this is evidently a mistake. or for Englan&-the entire rc~~in~ent,with the exception of seven men, and It was a sight which drew bitter tears from every beholder. Evcn Ginkle's as tradition has it one officer,lamarchcd for Franco ! This was a heavy blow hardened warriors afforded them a parting sigh as they looked for the last and a great ~liiscouragcmentto Ginkle; who could not conceal his mortifica- time on the walls of Limerick. The 13th and 14th of the month werc tion when he bcheld the flower of the Irish army betake themsklves to occupied in further movements of the troops on both sides; the Irish-town France. IIe w;u compensated somewhat when he saw nearly the entire of was occ~~piedby an English regiment. Ginkle removed to quarters, leaving Lord Ivcogh's regiment of Ulster Irish go off in a body for England, followed Sir David Collier Governor of Limerick. Lord Droghedds and Lord Lis- by Wilson's, half of Lord Louth's, a considerable number of Clifford's, Purcell's, bum's regiments were encamped outside the walls, until such time as the LutterclJs, and IIusscy's-in all, according to Storey, l046 men, besides Irish soldiers had totally evacuated the English-town. Talmash remained, clouble the number, according to the same author, who had passes to go to see that order vas observed. The Irish foot-guards now bade adieu to old home to their respective residences in Ireland. The numbw, however, that Limerick with heavy hearts; and went on the road to Cork to take shipping tleclarcd for Prance was the vast majority. They were not to be diverted by for the land of their destination-Catholic France. We may well judge of flattery or persuasion. Those who had mustered for England were now plenti- the overwhelming grief which their departure occasioned those they left fully rcg&d with bread, chcese, brandy, tobacco, &C., and received a fortnight's after them. Storey says that they numbered only 482, though they were snbsistcnce. But Ginkle waa not satisfied that he did not obtain more men, 1400 when they declared for France; but, in this instance too he commits a serious error. On the l4th, provisions and money mere distributed among 1 Storey sags seven men. There ia no mention by him of an officer, but Lieutenant Camber- the Irish soldiers who had not gone as yet, and the guns and other war bin of Captain Russcll's company of the yards, is said to bave been the officer. He got s pass material, which had remained in Limerick, vere put in readiness to be sent from Ginlcle to proceed to Dublin, of which the subjoined is a copy. Hiis commission, with the originnl of which we hnvc been favoured by his descendant maternally, Thomas O'Gorman, Esq. of for embarkation to France. Treaties were now enterd into between the I:.rthgormm, Co. I)uLlin, is signed in the beautiful bold hand of Tyrconnell. This is the pass :- French and Irish officers of the one part, and the English officers of the BY LIEUT GENERAL GZLVCKELE, other part, to secure the safe return of the English shipping which was to Commmdr of their nlats fforees in helmd. be employed in conveying a considerable number of the Irish soldiers to Locum Sigiili, France. Sarsfield and Wauchop, D'Ussone and de Tesse, reprcscnted the Whereas Georgc Chnm1)erlaincof thc county of Dublin, Eldest lientenant to the regiment of ynrds ; luath submitcd to their magties government, andas Resident in the garrison of Lperik is compre- and the French officers articles of agreement were duly drawnJ signed hendednithin the articles and Capitulations whereupon thatgarrisonwassurrendered and desires our passport and safe conduct-These are, therefore, to permitte and suffer the said Gcorge Chamber- 1 The following ia a copy of one of these passes ; it appear8 in Sir William Betham's Anti- lane, with his serrants, horses and rideng armss and Luggage, freely nnd quietly to pass from quarian Researches : " Pass signed by Patrick Sarsfield Bar1 of Lucan, General of King Jam- liencc townrtlg ye Citty of Dublin or elsewhere h thie Kingdome without Iett or molestation. 1l.k Army, and Governor of Limerick at the time of the capitnlation :-You are hereby required Givcn att ye cimpe by Limcrik this 8th of 8 ber, 1691. to permit Major Patrick Allen, with his wife and family, together with their goods, buniart,* Ban DE GINCKELE. h and arms, to pass out of the gates of this garrison without any lett, hindrance, cr moles- To oil o$cera and $ol(lio*$qf their mag& f.tionn, in order to his going to hi home in Leinster, to enjoy his estate, pursuant to the cappit- army ond all others who711it mrq wncme. tPlation and articles made heroine. Lymbrick, dat. this smcnth dny of Octubcr, 1GP1. (3 true copy). LCCAN " V. PALYER. The Irish for footmen. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. and delivered on the 14th of October. In these artides it was distinctIy promised, in the event of the violation of an of the terms of the treaty, that Eustace, Talbot, Bedlog tbs Phce of Wales, Clnnricardc and Oolonel in addition to Colonel Mugh Mac M&onY %lone1 Arthur, Colonel OYG;u;ty Birmingham, now joined, d made in all 618 men. It is said by Storey &c. who were to be left in Ireland as hostagesy they (Lucan, Wauchop, that as they marched through theIrish-town, d their officers could do could &C.) wouid, on their word md honour, surrender themselves prisoners of not prevent some of them running away. On the 17th) 18th, and 19th, thc war three months after their landing, to the English Secretaries of State. Inniskilling regiment which had been in Clare, and other regiments mustered The memorable 16th of October came; and on that day Patrick BmfieId beyond the city and prepared to move for Cork, where the shipping lay to the illustrious Irishman,' left Limerick for Cork in order to see everything receive them. Smfield had vigorously and successfully done his part in reference to the preparations for the embarkation. The " wikl geese" at phed in readiness for the embarkation of the troops.= The regiments of length made their flight from old Ireland ; and the songs of their country werc 1 During h& residence in Limerick, tradition states that he reaided in the narrow street now sung, as they caught the last glimpse of Erin, the land they loved so well, and known by the name of Pump he,in the home next door to the ancient building known as on whose green fields the bones of so many thousands of their brothers in Qucen Anne's prison, but evidently built a few centuriee before the reign of that Queen. arms and companiom in sympathy, were now bleaching! From Limerick a I will here give an account of the Sarsildda, Yiounts of Kilmallock, and of the Sarsfidds, Earl of Lucsn, by Baron Crossley of Dub&* It will be seen that Patrick Sanfield was no division of 4736 men, under the command of Generals dyUssonand Tessd, adventurer, no noatls Im, no parvenu, but that the most oacient blood of Ireland ran through sailed in French ships. Wanchop followed in eight ships from Limerick, his veins: - it ~he~ooatNoble Potent and Honourable Si Dominick Sarsfidd, Viscount E.ilm&ck, Lad with 3000 men. Smfield, who had previously gone to Cork, remained there Baron of Barrot's Country, and Primear Baronet of Irclnnd. one month, and reachecl Bwst on the 3rd of December. 1691. A dream CREATION. occupied the minds of these noble men that they would again see the homes " Prlmear Baronet of Ireland, by Patent September 50, 1619. 16 Jw. I. of their deepest a%'eetiom, and rejoice in the restored liberties of their ::Lord Bnron of Barret's Country, Lord Viscount I(ilmallock, by Patent dated ay8, 1625. BZas I it was but a dream. Gloomier days were in store for Lord Chief Justice of the Common Reas. ;?9and the wail of grief, which was heard from mountain and valley when " Attorney-General of Munster, Sept. 442 El&. dnd one of the Lords of Majwty'e Nest LIOR Privy Council of Irelsnd. they went, was expressed by bard and poet in heart-ttoucbg verses, some of TAa Family of KilmaUock. which have come down to us from those distant days fresh with unfailing " Sir Dominick Sarsfiela was second son of Edmond, and brother to John; he was created beauty, ana warm with the life of gepius. Farcwell to Patrick Sarsficld was Lord Bnron of Ireland, and Viscount Kinsale, by Letters Patent panted at New Market the one of them.' 13th of Februarg, by King Jnmes I. of England, in the 22nd year of his R&@, 1624; but IChg Chnrles I. he changed the Title of Kisale to Kilmnllock, the third year of hi Reign, by U Thrs Peter r6arried Elinor, daughter $0 Terlogh Ol)empee~,Lord Vidcmt Glanmalier, and reuson, that the Lord Uuron Courcey challenged the mid title of Kinsde, but tho title of Lord hsd by her Patrick 3 he married Anne Qsughtes to Roger Moor, and by her had Patrick, created Viscount Kihnllock was continuect still, by Patent tO Sir Dominick, from the time he wns Lord Lncm by King James 11. anno 1688. This Patrick was General to King James's Army. cratted Lord Viscount Kinsda and married Eonors daughter to the Eat1 of Clanrickard, who bore him one son named Jacobvs, " The Original Patent wns in my custody in King James 11:s time. Frmeisclts, Edvaraus. " This IIcnry had n Son named John, the father of David, who was father of Henry, whose 19P 'LWiimHawkb. Ulster, witneaeeth that on the 4th day of July, 1714, the following tan Johu, W39 AdmiraI of the Fleet of King IIenrp VI. of England; he married a daughter of &nt of this family (in these words):- - Purcill's, she bore him two sons, Edmond and Xoger. " That Thornas 8arsfieid was Btondard bearer to King Henry 11. of England, in the yoar of This Edmond had two ~ons,viz. John and Sir Dominick ant Lord U80. Be wss fatbes to Bi-4 Saraficld, who was Capkin-General mdez Big " John hnd two sons, Patrick and Jamea, Patrick married IIcllin dnughter to - White, and Henry III. of England, anno 12a by her had John, Francis, Jcoffry, Ignatius, and IIellin ; she was married to Jeoffrey Gdway. U This Biehsrd hsd. two sons, viz. ks&eid and Hemy, end Sarstidd had a son named Sarefield, "John the eldest married Catberim, daughter to - Purdon, by her had Francis now living ; and Henry had a son named Henry, who came to Ireland and lived in Cork for some time, and Jamcs ?nd, son of John nnd brother aforesaid, married llcllin Rice, and by her had Paul, who married daughter of Eitzgerald, by whom he had the. Lands from Bealogh Favye to Hi- went to Nantz in Frmco, in Oliver Cromwell's time, and married thwe o French gentlewoman, mallock, eix miles in length in the County of Limerick: which fruitfa and pleasant estnte he and by her had Su Jumes Siualield, now living in Franco. and his posterity enjoyed, together pith the said Kilmnllock for many generations." The Genealogy aforesaid, from Thornas the first of this family of the Sarsficlb to John, who !A% !A% Famity of hmn. Iived in the reign of Hemy VI., I bad it out of old Iriih'booka, now in the custody of Hugh " Roger, second son of John, ivho was thirteen yeara Admiral to Eng nenry VI. as abovesald, Mac Cnrtsin, alias Curtis, one of the chief Antiquaries of the kiigdom of Ireland, and from wna married to a dmghter of Chriitophcr Cusack of Kihnnllock in tho County of Meath, and 6everal other relations of the fdW, to the year 1640; and the rest I had out of tbc books of had by her John of s;lrs6eldstoivu, in the said County, and by her had two som, Palrick and my own ofEce (there being little or nothing in it) and out of several warruntable authors ; and \Viliiam ; Patrick was Mayor of Dublin anno 1584; he died sans issue. ateo from ancient gentlemen of worth and credit-In witness whereof, Nojtri saluti firi 1714. " Su \Villiam chosen Nayor of Dublin anno 15GG, and in the same rear Sir Henry Sidney BBMs-Parted per Pale Ruby and Pearl, ar Flear-deluce of the 2n4 and Diamond. bcing Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, in the Cmsr-011 a Wreath of his Colonrs, a Leopard's Fwe Topaz Ninth Year of Queen Elizabeth; he being in Englnnd and his Lady in Drogheh S~~~~a~~~&Supportedby two Wolves Bapphire, collared and chaincd Topaz. uJohn O'Ncil came to surprise Drogheda with a strong party, whereupon the Lady Sidncy sent to Dublin, and the sdd Sii \Vim with all speed marched with a sclect prrrty of horse and foot towards Drogheda, fought and routed John O'Neil and all his adherents, and by that means reseued the Lady Sidney from the danger she wae likely to undergo ; for which Ssevice the Lord Sidney, on his return to Ireland, knighted him in Christ Church, Dublin. " Thie Sir,Wi!liam m.micd Margaret, daughter to Andrew Terrill of Athby, and by her had John, Patrick-, and two daughters. " Johu married Hargaret daughter to Sir Lncm Diion, and by her had WXim, Lucas, Robat, adJohanua; thia William married Annc, daughter to Sir Putrick Barnewell, ICnt. Patrick, second son of Sir Riliam, married Mnble E'itywald, and by hcr had Peteter and mnnp other chil4rm. * Isren Crossley's Peera~,of Ireland. Doblin, 1725. 280 EIISTOBYOF LIMEBICK. * : One of the French vessels, which bore off 400 men from Limerick, and many valuable treasures, m upon a rock near Kilrnsh, and about 100 men By November, the last of the Iish army had left Limerick. We thmw d as wcr e drowned. a veil ova the agony endured by their wives families they we18

TRANSLATION.

A FAREWELL TO PATBICK 6AHSFIELD. Farewell, 0, Patrick Sarsfield I May luck be on yonr path ! Your camp 3 broken up-yom work ia marred for years ; But you go to kindle in@ flame the king of France's wrath, Though you leave sick Eire in tears. Och l ochone 1 May the white m and moon rafn glory on your head. All hero, as you are, and holy Man of God l To you the Saxons owe a many an hour of drea&, In the land you have often trod. Och l ochone l The Son of Mary guard you and bless you to the end I 'Ti altered ie the time since your legione were astir, When, at Cullen, you were hailed as the Conqueror and Friend, And you crossed Xarrow-water, near Bur. Och I ochone l I'll journey to the North, over mount, moor, and wnve, "has there I first beheld, drawn up in file and line, The brilliint Irii hosts-they were bravest of the brave ! But, alaa l they scorned to combine l Och ! ochone ! I saw the royal Boyne, when ita biiluwa flashed with blood ; I fought at Graine Og, where a thoussnd horsemen fell; On the dark, empwpled 5eld of Aughrim, too, I etood, On the plain by Tubberdonny'a Well. och! ochone l To the heroes of Limerick, the City of the Fights, Be my best blessing, borne on the wings of the air I We hnd card-playing there, o'er our camp-fires at night, And the Word of Life, too, and prayer, Och ! ochone I But, for you, Londonderry, may Plague mite and day Your people!-rny Ruin desolate you, etone by stone! Through you a many a gallant youth lies cofsnless today, With the winds for mourners alone! Och l &one l I clomb the high hill on a fab summer noon, And saw the Saxon Muster, clad in armour, bli&g brlght, Oh, rage withheld my hand, or gnnsman and dragoon Should have supped with Satan that night! Och ! oehonel IIow many a noble soldier, how mnny a cavsliw9 Careered along this road, seven fleeting weeke ago, With silver-hilted nwor4, with mntchlock, and with spear, Who now, m &on, lie& low ! Och! ochone ! 282 OF ' . HISTORY LIXERICK. thus deprived of husbanb, and brothem, and idends l Mmy wives ad In reference to Storey (Dean of St. Marg's Cathedral) who has accom- daughters of these self-expatriated warriors were dmwned in attempt@ to as our go on board the transports; whilst the hands and amof others of them panid so long in htstory of these onmpajgns, it may be stated tbt be were cut to pieces, in order to compel 'them to relinquish their hoId of the married Catherine Warter, who, with Marrgaret Warter, was CO-heiressof ships that carried away those whom they cherished with the deepest dection. Edward Warter, Esq. of Bilboe, count Limerick, 1701, who (Catherhe) presented this petition to June 28,1701 :l The loss to Ireland was incalculable. Kbg William, ------The numbers of the Irish who went off to France, were nineteen thonsand Represects the yearly rental of Warter's estate to be $500, but was unfortunately and my-nine, officers included, besides the brigade of Lord Mount Cashell the seat of war. Cullen, a market town, was burned by Patrick Sarsfield, aferwnrds b eaoh erd LUG@;and WilEam the Third, some days after, gave General Ellenberg then Frame, consisting of tolee regiments, composed of two bat- orders to blow up the Castle. The Irish burned the Nanor Home ; and the Dutch talons, forming one thousand six hundred men, in sixteen oornpanies, under and English wmiw burned the market town of Bilboa, so that, by being laid waste, the names of Mountcashell. 0'13rien and Dillon.' the whole damage estimated at S13068." All hail to thee, Beinn Eaaakl But, L&, on thy brow Pnrcell, Baron of Lougkmoe, though one of the commissioners for am@g I 8ee a limping soldier, who battled, and who bled Last year in the cause of the Stuart, though now the lkaty of surrender, and who was special1 privileged to avail himself of the The worthy is begging his bread 1 articles of Limerick, preferred to proceed to 4ranee with Kkg James, and thus Och l ochone! he incurred the forfeiture of his title d pr~perty.~It is supposed that the And mui id t oh, DhmuDiamvidl he perished in the strife; attainder of Lord Galmoy occurred for the same cause. These titles have not Hiis head it waa spiked on a halbert high ; been revived. Hi wlours they were trampled; he had no chance of life, Ii the Lord God -elf stood by l Irish regiments in the French service, died at Prague, in Bohemia-He was commonly called och l oehone! Lord Ck& 3. Dion; infantry, 1,600. Eetained its name and hereditary commanders till the FrenchWe But most, Oh, my woe 1 I lament, and lament Bevolutioa Two of its colonels died at its head in the battla of Lanfield and Fontenoy. For the ten valiant heroes who dwelt nigh the Nore; believe General Dion, who waa massacred in 1793, was one of the same family. And my three blessed brothws 1 They left me, and they went SECOND FOR1\LA'l'ION. To the wars, and returned no more1 body . This ginrr's -7guard, wss disbanded in 1698. Och l ochone! CAVALBT. On the Bridge of the Boyne was our first overthm; 1. The King's regiment of cavaky, 300 :-Domini& Sheldon, colonel ; Edmond Prendergast, By Slaney, the next, for we battled without rat 1 lieutenant-colonel; Edmond Butler, major ; 4 captains, 6 lieutenants, 6 cornets. The ehird was at Aughrim. Oh, Eire l thy woe 2. me Queeds regiment of cmdry, 300 ;-Lord Galmoy, colonel ; Rene-de-Carne, a French- Is a sword in my bleeding breast l -, lLeutenanteo1onel; Jamea Tobin, major ; 4 captoins, 6 lieutenants, 6 cornets. Och I ochone! DISHOUNTED DBh000NS. 01 the roof above our heads It waa barbarously fhed, 3. The Sng'e regiment of dragoonq 600:-Lord Viscount Kiimallock (Sarsfleld), colonel ; While the black Orange guns blazed and bellowed around l Tnrenne O'Carroll, lieutenant-colonel; De MW,a Frenchman, major; 6 captains, 14 lieute- And as volley followed voIley, Colonel Mitchel inqsired nants, 14 cornets. Whether Lucan etill stood his ground. 4. The Queenvsregiment of dragoons, 600 :-Charlca Viscount Clare, colonel ; Alexander 14 Ochi ochonel B-ewa,,- -- . lieum&-wlonel ; Charlea Maxwell, major ; 6 captoins, 14 lieutenants, cornets. MF--TRY. But O'KeUy still rsmains, to defy and to toil; He has memories that Hell won't permit him to forget, 5. The Kii's infantry regiment of gnards, 1,600 :-William Dorrington, colonel; Oliver And a sword that will make the blue bloqd flow like oil O'Gnra, lieutenant-colonel i John Rothe, major ; 12 captains, 28 lieutenants, 28 sub-lieutenants, U ens* C'pn many un Aughrim yet l 6. The Queen's regiment of infantry, 1,600:-Sirnon Luttrel, colonel ; Francis Wachop, Och l done! lieuw&onel; Jam= O'Brien, major; 12 captains, 28 lieutenants, 28 sub-lieutenant*, And I never shall believe that my Fatherland can fall, 14 ensign% With the Burkea, and the Dnkaq and the son of Royal Jamw ; 7. infaut~regiment of marines, 1,600:-The Lord Grand-prior Fitzjamea, colonel; And Talbot the Captain, and BAR~PIELI,,above 4 FiokFitzgerald, lieutenant-colonel ; Bichard %gent another lieutenantcolonel ; Edmond The beloved af dsmsale and dames. Owden, major ; l1 captains, 28 IieuteUnts, 28 sub-lieutenan@ 14 ensigos. Och l ochone! 8. The Limerick regiment of infantry, 1,600:-Sir John Fitzgerald, colonel ; Jeremiah (YWony, lientenantcolonel; Wiam Thmp, major; l2 captains, 28 lieute~;mta,28 sub- THE BRIGADES OF THE EIBST FORKATION. lieutenantenan&14 ensigns. 1. Mounkaabel; infantry, 1,600. Urntanant-General Lord MountcasheL MCCarthywas 9. The Charlemont regiment of infantry, 1,600:-&rdon O'Neill, colonel ; ]nu@ WMahon, wounded in Savoy in 1690, and died at Barege same year. Who succeeded him we -not my ; lie.~twlond; Edmond Murphy, major ; 12 captains, 28 lieutenants, 28 sub-lieutenants, but in 1708 Buckley got the regiment, and in 1776 it waa drafted into the Dublin regiment 14 ensigns. N.%-The Irish regiments were nsdy &led by the name of the commander for the the 10. The Dublin regiment of infantry, 1,600:aohn Power, coIonel; John Power, lieutenant- @g. Thas this regiment waa died Mo~tcsshelh 1690; then Buckley. The cavalry colonel; Theobold Bnrke, major ; l2 captains, 28 lieutenants, 28 sub-lieutenants, 14 ensigns. was successively called Sheldan, Nugent, and -jam; md m of the rest. 11. The Athlone regiment of infantry, 1,600:-Welter Bnrke, colonel ; Owen Mac-Catthy, 2. O'Bxien>.infantry, 1,600. ).hanged its name to Clare in 1691, when ita colonel, Daniel lieutenant-ooloael; Edmd Cantsell, major; U captains, 28 lieutensnts, 28 nub-lieutenants, O'Brien, became Lord Clare. On his desth at Pignerol, Lee BllCFeedd to the command. It was 14-ensigns. drafted into Berwick in 1776, OS the last reconsbmtion of Brigada John Manamara was 1% The enwtyrcgiment of ittantry, 800 :-Roger Mac-Elligot, colonel ; Edward Scott. first, and Jmea Philip ae~~lldlieateoant-colond, and Browne waa major of this regimeat. lieutenantcolone1; Cornelim Mutphy, major; 6 captb, 16 lieutenants, 16 sub-lieutenants, Lord Clare'e Dragoone were coneidwed the flower of King Jam& army. On the 11th of May, aessisns 1706, Charles the Pith Viunt Mwae killed at the battle of -1Iies; and on the 20th 1 Thorpe'e Catalogue of the Southwell of Mar, 1742, the eldest son of the fifth and last Lord Viscount Clare, a cdmel in one of the 2 The rnins of the gent baronial castle of the PnrceUs adjoin the humble hamlet of Lough. moe, Co. Tipperary, within a lea rnifcs of Templemore, c?n the Great S, nnd V.Ihiln-ny. 284 . . HISTOBY OF LIIEBICK. HISTOBY OF LIUERICK. 285 Of the troops above rde~edto some were regimented in Irehd, in IX. ISPANTBY. Begiment of Charlemont, of Infsntry 1600, Frmce, 80 that colonels became captains, &c. The regiments of OYNea], Gordon O'Neal, Colonel, O'Domd, Mdomd, Mapire, MacMahon, MagenG, were in~~orated, Hugh MgXahon, Lieutenant Colonel, SO was that of O'Reilly; md in 16% all the Irish troops waeredwed to twelve Edmond O'Murphy, Major, re@ents which we recapitulate in the foUo- smm~:- ~waveCaptains, twenty-eight Lieutenants, twenty-eight second Lieutenants, and four- " 1. HORSE, The Fmg's Regiment of Cave300, Dominick Sheldon, Colone4 Regimentteen Ensigns. of Dublin, Infantry 1600, Edmond Prmdergast, Lieutenant-Colonel, X. Do. John Power, CoIoneI, Edmnnd Butler, Major, John Power, Lieuteuant-Colonel, Fo'onr Captains, six Lieutenants, and six Cornets. Theobald Bwke, Major, 11. Do. The Queen's Regiment of Cave300, Twelve Captains, twenty-eight Lieutenants, Lord Galmoy, Colon& twenty-eight second Lieutenants, and four- Rene de Came, Lieut.-Col teen Ensigns. Jams Tobin, Major, four Captains, six Regiment of Athlone, Infantry 1600, Lieutenants, and six Cornets. XI. Do. Walter Bourke, Colonel, 111. DRAGOONS, The fig's Regiment of Dqpons 600, Owcn M'Carthy, Lieutenant-Colonel, Smfield, I.4 I(ilmdIock, Colonel, Edmond Cantwell, Major, Tnrenne O'Carr~ll(godson to the Marshal) Twelve Captains, taenty-eight Lieutenants, Eiutenant-Colonel, twenty-eight second Lieutenants, and four- De S&, a Frenchman, Major, teen Ensigns. Five Captab, fourteen Lieutenantayand Regiment of Claucarty, Infantry 800, fourteen Corneta. SII. Do. Roger Mac EIIigot, CoIonel, IV. Do. The Queen's Regiment of Dragoons 600, Edmond Stot, Lieutenant-Colonel, Charles Visconnt Clare, Colonel, Cornelius O'Murphy, Majol; Alexander Barnwell, Lient-col., Six Captains, sixteen Lieutenants, sixteen Charles Maxwd, Major, second Lieutenants, and eight Ensigns!' Five C~phh,fourteen Lieuten-, ad fourteen Cornets. .An a~nnestywas proclaimed in a short time, of which Galloping Hogan is v- mF*NTRy, The figs Infan* Regiment of Gnar& 1600, st;lted by store^,' to have taken advantage, adding, that he was murdered Wm. Dorrington, CoIond, nmr Roscrea soon afterwards by certain rapparees who had not submitted. O~WO'Gara, Lieut.-COL, Never in the chequered pages of our eventful history did the Irish prove John Rothg Major, truer or more p~~verfulthan in the sieges, and never did they merit more 12 Captains, 28 Lieutenasts, 28 second the praises that have been heaped upon them by all impartial witnesses of LienttXantS, and fourteen Ensigns. their dourJ heroism, perseverance, and devotion to the cause they espoused VI. Do. The Quew'e Infantry bgiment of Guards 1600, Not only did they not obtain Gimon Lntterel, Coloneh with so much disinterested self-abnegation. Francis Wauchop, Lieut.-&L, the advantap which heroism, constancy and valor, such as theirs should James O'Brien, Major, have but they were betrayed and sold, and treated with a 'helve captains, twenty-eight Lientenmb, trenchcry unparalleled in the annals of history. . twenty-eight second Lieutenants and Four- We do not know that the "Gronns of Ireland"' was ever published; but teen Ensigns. that extraordimry production of cc O'Nede, the Chief of an ancient family of VII. Do. 'l'he Infantry Regiment of Marine 1600, Ireland," makes a complaint regarding the extreme sufferings of his country- Lord Grand Prior Fitzjames, Colonel, nlcn who went into exile in France-complaints which it is to be appre- Nichol~Fib Gerald, Lieutenant-c0lonel,- helltlcd were justified by the state of facts, in which they were the sufferers. Bichard Nngent, ditto, We do not believe with the writer of that manuscript that the Earl of Lucan Edmond O'Madden, Jdajor, and alajor General John Wauchop <'projected only to build their own Eleven Captains, twenty-eight Lieuknants, fortunes on the ruins of the Irish." I am certain there never was a purer twenty-eight second Lieutenants, and fow- patriot, a nobler spirit, a more thoroughly devoted so~dthan Patrick Sarsfield. teen Ensigns. &IttheIrish wvho went to France did not fare well. We quote the following, VIII. Do. Regiment of Limerick, of Infantry 1600, '. SW John Rite Gdd, Colone4 horrible detGls of their intense miseries from the MS. in question :- Jwemiah WMahony, Lie~tenant-Colon~l, "But das! it is a miserable sight to see the condition the poor gcntlcmen WUh'l'he~~y, Major, 1 GEORGESTOREY, the Historian of the Wiliamite campaigns, obtain d the Deanery of St. Twelve Captains, twenty-eight Lieuts., BI\~zrfsCathedral, Limerick, from William 111. twenty-eight second Lieuts., and fourteen r 'fiorp's Catdogne of the Southwell NSS. Ensigns. $86 IIUTOBY OF LIMERIOB. . I are in, and the women and children invited to go along with their husbands mused among other metals that of "old gunsJ' to be employed as a temporary we now begging their bread from door to door, and cannot get it. I saw equivalent for gold and silver, and which his proclamation promised to redeem Lieutenants, Ensines, and Sub-Lieutenants, who were Lieutenant-Colonels, on the expiration of the "present necessity." This " gun money," of which Majors and Captains in Ireland, that were forced to turn off their wives, to there were shillings and sixpences, the latter marked with the date 1689; the shun a misery equal to that of the last campaign; and I: know others who former dated 1689 and 1690, and both giving the day of the month, seems saw not their children since they came to France, and they knew not whether to have been coined at Limerick, at least the shillings, for, from the battle thev live in misery or were starved to death, for when they were reduced of the Boyne to the end of the war in the autumn of 1691, Limerick was the in brancc to fourpence a day, they were obliged to leave their children to Jacobite metropolis of Ireland.' We have several of these coins in our - the wide world, only to lament with the Prophet Jeremiah, 'that their posession. children lay naked in a starving condition at the top of every street.' I At the first appearance of this money the Protestants in Dublin objected was one of the number. History is most pitiable." to take it, but were soon compelled to do so. They were not, however, the No doubt our countrymen were deceived; promises were broken; no effort principal losers when James's credit broke. The Catholics were by far the was made to save them-the ink was not dry on the Treaty-the last most numerous holders of his promissory tokens. This coin declined on its transport had not left Carrigaholt, when the men who purchased Lutterel, being more abundantly circulated. But against the truth of the statement, broke the Treaty in unmistakable terms, The pecple became helpless, that it' was calculated to ruinIreland by destroying trade, we may set off the wretched, the sport and pastime of insolent, bigoted, outrageous foreigners- words of OJHa.lloran, who was born in Limerick, in 1728, or only about 27 "aliens in blood, aliens in language, aliens in religion," to the Irish. They years after the war of the revolution, that it was by means of a barter trade sighed to leave Ireland for France or Spain, or any other land in which they with France, in which the Irish gave their wool, hides, tallow, and butter, might freely perform the duties of their religion. By a curious coincidence for wder, ball, and arms, that the war was so long maintained against Lauzun and other French officers who fought in Limerick, met the English W& OJHalloran is w ported in this statement by the ofEciaI afterwards on the plains of Steynkirk, &C., where Talmash, and others informaiion of King ~illirtm%frordJustice for Ireland, Conmgaby, in the fell, and on the fatal field of Landen the immortal Patrick Sarsfield gave out State Paper OBce, London. The Duke of !I?yrconnell called in this brass his life blood, exclaiming " 0 that this were shed for Ireland !" One of the money, from which on the 22nd of February following, the WiUiamite govern- great complaints, no doubt, against King James was his want of money, and ment took away dl currency.2 Cc HiberniasJJ were coined in Limerick some his coina e of the brass and gun money. It is true that on his arrival time before the last siege, viz. early in 1691; they are of very inferior metal, in Irelan in March, 1689, he had found that besides the great deficiency and bear the designation of Hibernias from the fact, that the figure of Hib- of his supporters in all the requisites of an army but men, his Irish ernia, seated with cross in hand, is on the obverse, with the legend Hibernia. government were sadly deficient in funds, having "no money in cash." This coin is sometimes met with in Limerick up to the present da The prospects of the civil war had effectually drained the country of gold and This weak and persecoted King died on Friday the 15th of glPtember, silver, by the flight to England of the wealthier classess, who, of cmse, left 1701, N.S. He seemed to be but little concerned in ill his misfortunes; as little as they could of their property behind them. In this financial and was the most easy, when least troubled by those airy schemes, upon difficulty the King raised the value of gold 20 per cent., and the English which his Queen was constantly employing her thoughts. Hunting was his silver eight one-thirdper cent. only, and other foreign gold and silver specie chief diversion; and for the most part he led a harmless innocent life, being in proportion; that what little money was left in the kingdom, and the few zealous for the old faith. In September he fell into such fits, that it was con- thousand livres he had bonowed from the French King, might go a greater cluded he could not live many days. The French King visited him, seemed way,' and having also in view the superior facility of carriage of guineas as much affected with the sight, and repeated, what he had before promised to compared with crowns and other silver coins. The fist monetary measure his Queen, that he would, in case of hm death, own the "pretended" Prince of adopted by the king was to issue, after his arrival in Dublin, a proclamation Wales, as King of England. He died on Friday the 15th'of September, for raising the value of English and foreign gold and silver coin, the Exchange N.S. (not full 68 years old) with great marks of devotion, and was interred, having before the revolution been strictly at par. Another proclamation was issued in May, but the money not coming in fast enough, the king having aowrding to his desk, in the Church of the English Benedicines, in the Suburbs of St. James at Paris, a private manner, without any solemnity. laid aside the patent granted by him four years before to Sir John Knox, in Indeed the account given by Catholic writers of his latter life is singularly and then in the bands of Colonel Roger Moore, set up mints of his own; one edifyina but, alas ! he bequeathed intense miseries in Ireland. His remains in the deanery house, Limerick, the other in Capel-street, Dublin. Several were re-interred by Qeorge IV. of commissioners were appointed to direct these mints, the one named for England Limerick being Wal@ Plunket, which being settled they went to work, and 8 Xotes and Illasttntbna on the HcloarirP Escidim, (p. 403). King James on the 18th of Jne, issued a proclamation for making two sorts 2 Harria'e Lite of W'JlIam 111. p. 279, &c. of money, 8$ brass and copper, mixed metal, current in this kingdom. The one for twelve, and the other for sixpence.' The king on this occasion

1 Symon'a Essay on Irish Coins, pp. 5G, ST. See Symon's Essay on Irish Coins, and Sndling'r Sup~~lem?nt. HISTORY OF LIXZRICK. 289 %. IIISTOEY OF LIYERICK.

while the private soldiers snd others who came out of Limerick, and other of James's quarters, were shot down, and hung up in many cases without the ceremony of a trial, under the pretence of beiog Rapparees. In these CHAPTER XXXVI. barbarous outrages, which were repeatcd with singular coincidence, on per- LEGAL 6TATUS OF TB3 IRISH CATHOLICS UNDER TIIE TB,EATY.-HOW THE haps a larger scale in 1798, the Anglo-Irish militia, or Protestant yeomanry, TaEhTY WAS 0BSEICVED.-ENACTMEN OF THE PENAL CODE-XORILOW ON which acted in aid of the regular Williamite army, and numbered at least HOBRORS.' 25000 men, won for themselves an unenviable distinction. By the deportation of the Jacobite army, the Irish aristocracy if not destroyed, as an eminent modern Irish historian' expresses it, was at least seriously diminished. That To understand the great importance of the privileges secoled by the Treaty of Limerick, we should remember that no oath but the oath of & army was officered out of all the Irish septs, native and of English descent, game to William and Mary was. exacted from Irish Roman Catholics sub- and Lord Macaulay is totally in error when he described so many of these mitting to their government, anxious to praerve their property or 1ooEng officers of plebeian origin: any one who runs his eye over the index of for office. This stipulation was violated by the subsequent introduction of D'blton's King James's brmy List, will see that we are borne out in this the oaths of abjuration and supremacy, and the required subscription to statement; for there is not one Cathob family in Ireland of eminence which declarations against the principal tenets of their faith. By the principal of is not represented among that brave, but unfortunate host, who, after the articles of Limerick the Roman Catholics of this kingdom were to enjoy fighting against vastly superior numbers, and the resources of England and such privileges in the exercise of their religion as were consistent with the Holland, besides Protestant Ireknd, " buried the Synagogue with honour," at last, as one of their gallant countrymen, the chevalier Charles Wogan, laws of Ireland; or as they did enjoy in the reign of Charles II.1 Now how stood the laws of Ireland in that reign? The Irish Statute book, to use expresses it, md when they wuld no longer defend their country, went into the words of Lord Macaday, "though afterwards polluted by intolerance honourable exile rather than submit to the rule of one whom they believed as barbarous as that of the dark ages, then contained scarcely a single enact to be a usurper. We cannot but deplore with Colonel 09Ke11y, tbat there ment, and not a single stringent enactment imposing any penalty on papists was no stipulation made in the treaty in favour of prisoners, or of the orphans as such." In England the case was very different. There priests recei~ng of those who were slain in the service of their prince and the defence neophytes into the Church of Rome were liable to be hanged, dram, and of their country ; that those who left their nive soil might never, without qt&ered. Jesuits held " their lives in their hands;" intending barristers or the special permission of the King, ever visit it again without being liable to schoolmasters were obliged to take the oath of supremacy, which was reqoLed be executed; and that those who made the unfortunate choice to remain in of every man taking office. In Ireland, on the contrary, the Jesuit was safe. Ireland, had nothing in prospect but contempt, poverty, imprisonment, and every misery that a wnquered nation might expect from the power and The oath of supremacy was not required unless formally tendered to public ta functionaries, and therefore, did not exclude from office those whom the malice of implacable enemies. As a pendent the horrors and agony which government wished to promote; the sacramental test and declarations against attended this war-a war ,of which an English authority, Hooke,2 sets down Transubstantiation were unknown; nor was either house of parliament closed the cost incurred by England at &18,000,€)00 sterling, exclusive of arrears against any religious sect. Lord Macaulay has thus concentrated, in a few due to the army, it must not be omitted the pathetic scenes which took place sentences, the exact relative and comparative positions of Catholics in EngIand on the separation of King James's soldiers from those whom they left behind. On this subject, besidm the authority of Colonel O'Kelly and others, we have and Ireland before and after the signing of the Treaty of Limerick. Like those Ultra-Protestants of the present time, who talk of getting the Catholic the reliable statements of contemporary Williamite publications,3 from which Emancipation Act repealed, there were not wanting persons in those days, it appears to be a positive fact, that many of the women were-dragged off and who, repining at the working of any favourable articles with the Irish, openly drowned, or had their hgers cut off, as we have already stated, in the declared, W the Protestant Jacobite, Dr. Leslie informs us, "that they would sight of their husbands and relations, while trying to get on board with have them reversed in parliament;" as indeed they afterwards were in effect, them, or holding on by the boats. This is stated to have occurred at Kerry, though not all in form. As for WSliam himself, though during the congress but the same is told of the embarkation at Cork, where as well as at law Limerick, similar scenes most probably occurred. B& there can be no doubt, at Reswick he passed a new for the rooting out of popery; it .does not 4 appear that he differed in opinion from the moderate Protestants, who, as that the Irish were in many cases attended by their wives and families,; and Harris says, thought it for his majesty's honour and interest abroad and at the Prench admiral who arrived too late with the French supplies at Limerick, brought back-according to the contemporary historian Pere Daniel-& the home that the articles should be strictly observed. Unfo'rtunate~~these French, 16,000 &h soiiiiers, and several families. moderate Protestants constituted the minority,s as the army hd been for ships for remodelled in such a say by the Duke of TyrconneU that Protestant officers Sarsfield, who embarked at Cork, had expressly stipulated ns were ghnerally displaced in favour of Catholics. The sufferingsof James's many of the rest as were wiUhg to go with him;"' but that hundreds military followers fell almost entirely on the members of that profession, 1 John D',Uton, Esq., see hii %g Jomes's Army List. 1 Son of the Roman historian, Storeg confesses bis inability to state the cost. * See an extract from the Dublin Intdligntcc, a Williamite newspaper ; in Crokcr'a Notes oah 1 History of England, Vol. 11. pp. 127-8. London, 1849. O'ICelly's work, or in the Notes and Illustrations already quoted 2 O'Callnghnn'a Notes on the Macarise Excidium, p. 493. 4 See the Landon Gazette., Nos. 2722 and 2727. Tbe Breda frigate blew up in Cork Elmboar, and moat of the Irish troops on board perished. 20 290 i. HISTORY OP LIMERICK. were left behind, under most dicting circumstances, who were anxious to noisome dungeon;I while protection was given to the Bewports, the Yan- participate in this sad expatriation, appears evident both from the nathre of homrighs, the Pelhams, the Trevors, the Guys of the day, the unfortunate the case and from written and oral tradition: of the wretched state of those who natives as well as the descendants of the Anglo-Norman invaders, because thcgr were left behind it is unnecessary to write, when we read of the pitiable were Catholics, were hunted like wild beasts, or given a permissive existence- condition of some of the seions of noble and even royal houses. Dr. Charles like that granted on the humble petition " of Lord George Howard, of Nor- O'Connor gives one aii'ccting instance in the case of his grand-uncle, Denis folk, then at Clonmel, to live in Dublin, he having offered security for his WCoiinor of Belnq-pre, Esq., who was obliged to'plough his own fields after peaceable demeanour there."Z During the heat and tenor of the war several the defeat of the Irish armies, and who would often say to his sons, " Boys, distinguished natives of Ireland, as well of the Royalist as of the Willinmite you must not be impudent to the poor : I am the son of a gentleman, but party, proceeded to England, where they remained until "peace" was pro- you are the sons of a ploughman." Yet, this was the descendant of Turlogh claimed. A long and rather interesting letter was written to Sir Robert More, the father of Roderick O'Connor, the last Milesian monarch of Ireland. Southwell, and signed by several of those who had gonc to reside in Bristol I?efore finishing this pathetic page in the history of Limerick, as of Ireland, -it is dated December 26, 1691, after the reduction of Limerick, when we cannot forbear quoting some of the affecting remarks of Mr. J. R'AIton, the writers were about to return to Ireland, "but were prevented by the news when writing 'of this " venerable hatchment of chivalrous cavaliers," who that the army of Ireland was about to be withdrawn for England, and the g~theredtheir septs, their sons, and their soldiers, to contend with powers of quiet of the country effected by native forceyy3the impracticability of which, such enormous supcriority. He says, 'c the details of their regiments wear a in their estimation, the letter enters into at much length. The writers state ~nclancholyinterest; they are as ship lists of noble passengers and crews that they are Irish merchants; but they efford an extraordinary idea of that have long since perished in the stormy waters; nor did the calamities their feelings and prejudices, by the fact that they fearedy to return to their of their race close with thcir immolation. Porfeitures, expatriations, religious country unless they came under "the protection ' of Orange bayonets ; yersccutions rapidly ensued, and have at this day scarcely left a trace of the and that they speedily succeeded to the fullest extent of their desires there imcicnt aristocracy of Ireland." can be no question. It was necessary not only to get up but to keep up Those who could fly out of the country did so even before the balance alarms at all hazards, and in the teeth of the greatest improbabilities. While inclined in favour of TrVilliam's arms, Passes were giving to some-among the House of Commons was granting enormous sums of money to greedy the passes we fiud one mentioned in the Southwell MSS., "for lady Mary jobbers to discharge debts and arrears on the civil list, confirming outlaw~es Sutlcr, abbess of a nunnery in Dublin, with the nuns to go to Flanders, and attainde~s,recommending persons to offices in Ireland/ " who mentcd July 23,1690." This pass was given in the autograph of Sir Robert South- the notice of the King for their zeal and service in the Protestant, causeJ'- w~ll.~Protections were also given-"No officers or soldiers of oar army to throwing sops to noisy placemen-ad keeping up, for a purpose, the fear be henceforward quartered upon John Newport, of CarrickT3 Estates were of a French invasion, rumours of conspiracies against William's life were quite j~arcellcd out to families-estates taken by the strong arm from the ancient general. In a letter of September gbh, 1697, Narcissus Marsh, the Anglican possessors-as of Sir John Bellew, Lord Baron of Duleeck, and Dudley Bishop of Dublin, one of the Lords Justices of Ireland, writes &that one Bagnd, of Dunleckney, county of Catherlogh, in actual and open rebellion Madden, an er-officer in James's army, had discovered a plot of Toole and :~gtlinstus, to Sir John Trevor, Thomas Pelham, and Henry GuyT4 Richard Bromfield-and Toole's purpose, he says,-- was. to buy horses and shoot the 13cllew, commonly called Lord Bellew, was also atthted, but was pakdoned King in his coach !"hjs was a mere delusion. April lst, 1696. With all these rigors and cruelties, the Catholics were not Wherever Irish Catholics could obtain employment abroad they sought it, put down in Dublin, or elsewhere, no more than they were in Limerick up as the tyranny under which they groaned at home was intolerable. Colonel to the horrible laws that followed the Treaty. WiUiam was every day raising Maurice Hussey, a native Irishman, writes thus to Sir Robert Southwell on complaints of the outrages, insolence, and daring of the rebelly papists ;and the 7th of June, 1703-" he had been seized with goute those five days Sir Bobert Southwell, on these complaints, writing to Colonel Ployd, governor past, and confined to his bed." " Here," he goes on to say, "was lately a of Dublin, states, " His Majesty being informed that several papists do walk foolish report that spread all over our mountains, that several Irish regiments the streets of Dublin with their arms, and some of them being of very iU- m to be immediately raised for the Queen's service to go into Portugal, b:.havour towi~rrdsthe Protestants while it was in their power ;His Majesty's and that I was to have one ; upon this rumour all the Milesian Princes of p1e:tsure is that you ulisarm .all that are papists in that place, and that you theae parts flocked to my house to offer their service to go along with me to iunlie an example of half a dozen of the most insolent by clapping them up, ang part of the world, and they would scarcely believe but that I had my iwcording as you shall be informed of the most dangerou~."~ There was no commission in my pocket, and I could not but take their offers and readiness need of warrant, of bid, of the Habeas Corpus, of constitutional observance. for the Queen's service kindly, and made them all as welcome as my poor It was sufficient to be a papist, of high or low degree, to constitute the pro- house could afford, and that I phancie has brought this fitt upon me. Mac- fessor of the old faith, a "rebelly" monster, to have him thrown into some Cartie Morc, O'Sullivan More, ODunuhu Afore, DIcGillicuddyy Al'Finin; . O'Leary, and a long etcetera of the best gentlemen of the Irish of these Army List . Thorpels Catalogue of the SonthweU MS. parts, are in a manner mad to be employed in her Majesty's service abroad, Thii John Newport was one of William's followers ;hewas, we believe, in the woollen manu- facture, and ancestor of the eminent Sir John Newport, the last Chancellor of the Ir$h Exchequer andswear I must go at the head of 'em whether l will or no."Vhe fiery and Member of the city of Waterford in the Imperial Parliament. I Queen Anne's Prison" in Pump Lane, Limerick, is said to hwe been one of these dunqeans. 4 Thorpc'a Catdope of the Southwcll XSS. 8 Ibid. * Thorpe'a Catalogue of the Southwell HSS. a Ibid, p 235. 4 Ibid. 6 Ibid. 292 .. HISTORY OF LIMERICK. HISTORY OF LINERICK. 293 old colonel was anxious to quit a land in which it was impossible for the relation guardian to the heir of any person not dying in the communion of native Irish longer to live, if they not only did not surrender faith and honor, the Church of England. Another Act declared that no schoolmaster could but become the instruments of a faction who had become drunk with excite- instruct cbildren in a private family vithout license from the Ordinary of the ment, after having violated every article of the treaty of Limerick. diocese, to be granted on his subscribing a declaration of conformity to the In a word, the ink was scarcely dry on the treaty, when the triumphant Church of England, under ain of three months' imprisonment on the first faction made no scruple of their determination to wreak vengeance on cc offence," and for every ott: er " offenceyJthe like irnprisonmcnt and a fine the now prostrate Catholics of Ireland with more than early bitterness and of S. Thus the Treaty was ignored, not only in the first parliament of cruelty. A medal was struck in which the insolence of the chance victor was William, which was dissolved in Septelnber, 1693, but in the second par- clearly manifested. The test oath was forced by Act of Parliament to be liament of the same reign, in which the Lord Deputy, in his opening specch, taken by mayors and sheriffs in corporate toms and cities. In Limerick, informed the Houses that the King was engaged in the firm settlemcnt of John Poord was the first mayor who took this abominable oath; he was a Treland- - on the Protestant interest, but mentioned not a word of fdl3ing the merchant of no great wealth or position; but he was obsequiou~lyimitated provisions of the Treaty of Limerick.' by WiUiam Davis and Abraham Bowman, the sheriffs. This was in 1692, Curry, Scully, Parnell, Brame, and other powedul writers, have disseded the year after the treaty. An act similar in terms and in effect was passed with great ability the horrible character of these revolting enxtments. The in the 14th of Charles 11. for the same alleged reason, viz. that, according to great Edmund Burke, on these and acts of a similar nature, in his letter to a Harris, it was necessary and beneficial ;" but in Charles's time it could not Peer of Ireland, most justly remarks, I have ever thought the prohibition be carried into effcct-it became wholly inoperative. The: esect of this ne- of the means of improving our rational nature, to be the worst species of farious enactment changed, at once, the position of the entire Catholic body. tyranny that the insolence and perverseness of manhind evcr dared to exer- In Limerick, even in dark and evil days, the Catholics made a noble stand cise."% In what a proud contrast the conduct of the Irish commanders of ngdnst the advances of bigotry. The guilds of trade, which were recog- the ganison of Limerick, stands with that of those on whose faith thcy nised by the charter of Edward I. and which had received their incorporation placed, alas l too firm a reliance. Some of the officers of the garrison," from the municipal body, had been hitherto for several years composed, in a said Mr. Keough, the celebrated patriot and advocate of the Catholic claims, great measure, of Catholic artizans; these guilds now became dens of Orange crnrgedLord Lucan and Lord Galmoy, the Commanders of the Irish army, rancour. An apprentice to the woollen, or almost any other manufacture, to break oE the treaty, alleging that they could now raise the siege (for three should be a Protestant. No Catholic child was admitted to indentureship. days after the articles were signed the French Fleet arrived in Dingle Bay), Under the pretext of retaliation, the worst deeds were perpetrated. Because, which would soon give such spirits to the Catholics, and so depress the it was said, King James had disarmed certain ultra Protestants, Willirtm dis- besiegers, that they might yet recover Ireland ; and the morc so as they were armed Catholics wholesale. Because some injustice was perpetrated on one side, certain of more aid from France. What was tke reply of Lords Lucan and the other should rob, and banish, and plunder with impunity ! We draw a Oalmoy ? They said they considered themselves pledged in honor to deliver veil over many of the atrocious and terrible acts of these most awful up Limericll and Ireland to the Protestants, and they did so depending upon times. The Catholics were disarmed wholesale. The gentlemen appointed their faith and truth to preserve inviolate the rights of the Catholics under to give licenses for carrying arms in the city and county of Limerick were of the articles." the true blue stamp and complexion: they were men who, a few years before, Cwg states, "It is really shameful ta see what mean, malicious, and had obtained grants of forfeited, or rather of plundered lands fiom "Irish frivolous complaints against papists were received under the notice of griev- Papists." The following are their names :-Sir Simon Eaton, Bart., Sir ances" by the Irish Parliament of William. A petition of one Edward Se rag William King, Knt., the Mayor of Limerick; Robert TayIor, Richard Ma- and others, in behalf of themselves and other Protestant portcrs, in and a out pire, Arthur Ormsby, George Evans, Sen., Mph Wilson, Simon Purdon, the city of Dublin, complaining that one Darby Rj-an, a papist-a good papid Joseph Stepney, Edmo~dPery, William Cox, John Dickson, Humphrey name no doubt-employed porters of his own persuasion, was read, and Hartmll, Oeorge Evms, Jun.. Hugh Mass , Thomaa Holmes, Henry referred to the examination and consideration of the committee of grievances, Westenra, John Otway, DadWilson, and Charf es Oliver, Esqrs. They gave that they should report their opinion to the House ! Curry ndd~," it is arms, but only to their own creatures, slaves or dependents. observable that the complaint of the petition was not that these Protestant It was enacted that any person maintaining the spiritual authority of the porters were not employed by Ryan, but that the Popish porters were."' Pope in the realm was for the fist offence to forfeit aU his goods and chattels, As to the citizens of Limerick under these circumstances we shall see as we real and personal; and if these were not worth $20, over and above the proceed, how t,he treaty was observed in their regard. forfeitures, to suffer me year's imprisonment ; on the second offence, \a pre- An Act for banishing all papists exercising any ecclesiastical jurisdiction, munire was incurred; on the third, high treason ! Another Act was passed snd all regulars of the Popish clerg, was another of those scandalous enact- for the uniformity of common prayer, by which all persons depraving the ments in violation of the Treaty of Limerick. By this Act they aere to Established form, and procuring the use of any other, should forfeit for the depart the kingdom before the fkst of May, 1698, under the penalty of first offence 100 marks; for the second, 400 ;for the third, all their goods and chattels, and suffer imprisonment for life !! Persons absenting them- selves from church were fined twelve pence for every offence." Another Jou~nelsof the Home of Lords in Ireland, Vol. II., p. 483. '' Burket8 Works, Vol. III., p. 631, 4th Edition. Act was passed, by which the Judges might appoint the next Protestant hy'a Cid Hrar8 of Ireland. 294 .. HISTOBY OF LIDZEUICK.

imprisonment till transported ; and if the returned after transportatio~l,to We turn for a moment from these records of treacliery, cruelty, rapine, suffer as in cases of treason. Concealers oI such were for the first offcncc to and murder, to the meagre details of the local Annals of Limerick, in this forfeit $20, for the second 240, and for the third the whole of their era of revolution and savagery. About the year 1692 an Act was passed, lands and goods. 2lle burying also in any suppressed abbey, morwstery, or enabling the Earl of Kildare to sell his estates in the County of Limerick, convent, not made use of for celebrating divine service according to the in order to pay incumbrances amounting to 89300; and the rest of the pur- Liturgy of the Church of England, was prohibited under the forfeitu of re chase moneyJ except- L2000 for the Earl's private use, to be invested in laud 3210, and neglect in a ma,&rate was made punishable by that of $100. in ~ngland.-1- Curry denounces in powerful words the treachery that was shown towards the An accident by which the Tower of Limerick was blow up and dcstroyell citizens of Limcrick.1 " Upon apetition of the mayor, sheriffs, and Protestant in 1693, February 12, is thus mentioned by Ware :-" The tower of Lim- aldermen of Limerick, complaining (like the Protestant coal-porters of Dublin erick (being old) fell suddenly, in which were 218 barrels of powdcr, which before mentioned) that they were greatly damaged in their trade by tho great by the striking of the stones, took fire and blew up ; it greatly shattered the numbers of papists residing in Limerick, and praying to be relieved; aclnuse town, killing about 100 persons besides the wounded." It was intended to was orclerecl to be inserted in the Act 'to prevent the further gro~thof make a Popish plot of the accid~nt.~ Popery,' that evcry person of the Popish religion>then inhabiting rithin the In 1694 there was a most severe frost, the ice was nine feet thick on said city, or its suburb^, should give in suficient bail or security, before the the river Shannon, and the people walked over it with pleasure. In 1696 chief magistrate of the said city, that they would be^- themselves faithfully street lamps were, for the first time erected, at the sole expense of towards her Majesty; or in default of giving such security, should depart out Alderman Thomas Rose. Rose was mayor in 1695-Bichard Sexton and of the said city and suburbs." George Roche were sher8s.a "On the 7th of September, 1695," says White," During a visit of the Duke of Ormonde, who had arrived in Dublin as "there fell a shower which most people took to be butter, and on the 20th of Lord Licutcnmt in May, 1703, to Limerick, in duly following, thc Catholic October there fell at Newcastle, about Limerick, and in many parts of the citizens eatcrtaincd a hope that even he might do something to mitigate the country, a shower of perfect butter, so that none could doubt of it, and the asperity of thcir crucl lot; but alas I they were deceived. A so-called U Ca- like was not heard of before in this comtq." MiPfaction cxistcd and opposed the legitimate interests of the reat body White makes this statement also :-c' Thomas 8myth; Protestant bishop of the citizens. An Act of Parliament was passed, that not more tfan twenty of Limerick signed the Protest in the House of Lords on the 21st of Sep- Catholics should be suffered to live in the city, and these twenty were to tember, 1697, against an act passing to confirm the articles of Limerick." undergo the humiliation of obtaining licenses for their good behaviour from What a mockery---" codirm" articles which had been shamefulb broken. an Orange Major. White' denounces in these terms the monstrous state of In 1696 it was ordered that a market house should bc built on the site of things at this time. We give the facts in his own lan.guane :- Thom-Core Castle: and that this celebrated old castle should be demolished. - v "John Vinccnt was Mayor, and many upstarts, strangers, and persons of little The market house was built by contract, the masons receivb, £110-the repute," says White, "were admitted to be enrolled, and other more considerable carpenters E100 ; the work was completed; but the workmen were losers, ~atholiciobabitmts were rejected ; whereupon thoso who were rejected petitioned notwithstanding the comparative cheapness of wages. tb: Pxlizment for redms, complaining of the partiality of the Mayor and Coonoil ; Tn 1698, through having a fair prospect abroad, the land forces in England but the uudcr-named iudividuals, many of whom," adds White, had little right to were reduced to 7,000, and all the forces in Ireland exceeding 13,000 men, la dcemcd inhabitants, in order to gain the favour of the Corporation, subscribed to Pu%amentn certificate, disowning their being concerned in said petition, whereupon &'Icertify, being one of the bearers hereof, John Creagh, security at the time the Popish the petition of the Catholics was rejected, and many Catholics of this city were inhabitants were entering security for their good behaviour, as by law required. Witness my hand this July 4, 1722. Signed by order of John Napper, Esq. tlrercby ~ccessitntedto become Protestants, rather than be expelled from tlleir "JNo.NA~PER.

business and scttlcments4kh they had in town ; and many moro, who were more U Present, James Ffarmor, Richd, Dunbadu." constant in tiicir faith, mere banished from the city. The sabsclibers to tliis ~&ed 1 These estates were sold in 1711, when Adare wae purchased by the ancestor of the Earl of ccrtificnte opposing the rest of the Catholics were :-" Drury hy, Baronet, Thos. Dunraven, and Croom by Mr. Croker of Balbagmda-The Earls of Kildare brJ & Zarquis of william g;ldcrrc, p. 256. Ilsrold, Aldm, Michl. Creagb, Aldrn., Pime Moron); mercht., \Vhite, lt is said in White's MSS. that the Sheriff [Bowman) was among the number of those morcht., Edmund Skeolan, mercht., Patrick Norris, mercht., f~bertNowe, mercht., kill& and that 240 men, women, an3 children were killed and wounded, and that Counseller Jamr Croagh Fitzdodrew, mercht, John Creagh l?itzllichad, mercht., and Tbndy tbhn my,Asthur Ki8, Attorney, Mrs. Butler, and Zachsry Holland died of the fright; the Q~in."~ explosion not only shook the whole city, but was distinctly heard twenty miles off. This tower is placed in the old maps and plans of Limerick, which are preserved in the British Museum, at No wonder there should have been an outcry, and that such deeds should the corner of the Quay, nut far from the present Co~tyCourt How. It is curious to add call for retributive justice.' that in a few years afterwards, viz., on the 27th of Octow, 1697, the magazine of Athlone fired by lightning, blew np the Castle and divers houses, and fourteen persons were billed." 8 Lamps must h~vebeen as great a curiosity at this period as gas was 45 or 50 years ago ;and I Cnrrf Is Civil Wars of Ireland. White's MSS. had the fact from a very aged citizen of 'Limerick,* that in the last century, before the new White states that tho chief promoter of this affair was the last mentioned individrtal. town was built, eo well was the Englishtown lighted that one could pick a piu off the strects at 4 Thc following is a document in illustration of the spirit of the times some fern years later :- night-so bright were they, not only with lamps, but with the light that gleamed from the Aop '' Upon oath made in my office I find that John Creagh, merchant, entered security for biS windows of the citizens, who, at that period, took the greatest pains in endeavouring to sltow off good hehnriour as a Papist, inhabiting this city, pnrsuant to a statute to prevent the fnrth& their wares, by candle-light wpecidly. In thia instance fashion has undergone a completc revulu- &?oath of Poppry, rhich I certifie this 30th Il'arch, 1722. b. 4 Wh'1te"s ms. b See pp 236,237. The late Mr. James Blackwell, who died in 1864, rgd l04 years. 296 c . IIISTORY OF LIMERICK. (and those natural born subjects to be mzintained by the kingdom) were The result was that the restrictions were nearly all withdrawn, but sufficient likewise disbandcd. To the great relief of the citizens such Dutch guards were left to interfere with the development of this manufacture, which England and French refugees as had remained were dismissed, and ordered away. had made most energetic exertions to retain in her own hands. In the South William was exceedingly annoyed at tthis step, and remonstrated apinst it. of Ireland at this time fiax was largely grown, and linen was manufactured He would not 40w his faithful Dutch guards to be tampered with, if he not only for sale and export, but by private individuals, farmers and others for could-but the fiat of Lords and Commons went forth, so that the Dutch their own use. guards were shipped for Holland.' In 1698 the Marquis of Winchester and The executioner and the confiscator, meantime, were active in their the Earl of Galway, Lords Justices of Ireland, in their progress through rcspective callings ; and the following list from the Book of Attainder's MSS. the kingdom, arrived in Limerick, and thence went to Gdmay. On the 30th comprises the names of those who in the city and cody of Limerick-to of July a most violent storm arose, which bad such force on the Shannon, which we add a few remarkable names in Tipperary and Dublin-were, at this that its current was stopped for three hours, and people might walk over crisis, attainted for high treason, and whose properties went into the rapacious quite dry. It destroyed so much corn that wheat rose to 6s. 6d. per bushel, jaws of the spoliators to be dealt with 'caccordmg to law" :- and barley to 20s. the Limerick barrel.' A large trade was carried on at this time in serges, between Limerick and Burke, Patrick, City of Limerick, gent., 1696, Bodkii, Domnick, same, merchant, same, Spain and Portugal ; and at this time also the glove trade in Limerick was Brittas, Theobald Lord, 5th Oct., 1696, Ballymoney, Co. Limerick, in such a position as to attract considerable attention.3 Burgh, John, son of Lord Brittas, do., do. same, The Orangemen were not to be treated with scorn or indifference, notwith- Burke, WiUiam, Lisnakelly, Co. Limerick, 5th Oct. 1696, Ballymoney, Co. Limerick, standing the betrayal of their interest by William in reference to the woollen Baggott, John, Rathjordan, same, do., do., trade. Many of them had settled in Limerick, Bandon, Cork, Watcrford, Bryan, Morgan, Hospital, same, do., do., and other places in the woollen trade, and had become prosperous.' The O'Brien, Connor, same, same, Esq., quality of the materid made in Limerick and elsewhere was fully equal to O'Brien, Daniel, same, same, the best produced by English looms. The ccProtestantinterest 9' determined Bourke, Patrick, Kisyqnirke, same, Esq., that thesc advantages should not be swept away by an act of Parliament. Bonrke, Richard, Ballyclongh, same, They agitatcd, and resisted, and for a time succeeded. The trade increased; Bonrke, Thomas Oge, Bane, Dollehan, same, the weavers and combers became the strongest guild of trade in Limerick." O'Brien, William, Castletown, same, The triumph, homcver, was, to some extent, short-lived. To meet the calls Brien Kennedy, same, same, of Englis7a manufacturers, it was enacted by Parliament that an additional duty O'Brien, Daniel, Tnan, same, Firzgerald, James, Knockane, Co. of Limerick, Esq., should bc laid on woolIen manufactures exported out of IrcIand.6 For Fitzgerald, John, Gurtnatnbrid, Co. Limerick, Esq., some time this act gave a sudden stagnation to that branch of trade, and Gibbon, Thomas, Ballinskey, same, introdtked a gcncral poverty among the mnnufacturcrs, but as a counterpoise Gorman, Patrick, Cooleabague, same, thc Irish linen trade was encouraged. Numbers were thrown out of em- Gorman, -same, same, ployment in hhe city and suburbs of Limerick. Discontent prevailed to such l?itzgerald, David, Dromare, same, an extcnt that the Protestants in whose hands the trade almost exclusively Fitzgerald, Alexander, same, same, was, threatened to transfer their allegiance if they did not obtain protection.7 Grady, Mathew, Kilcolane, same, Fitqerald, James, Cloghvaller, same, The effect of this wholesale disbanding of the army may be better imagined than described. BIadamo Smyth the wife of Dr. Smyth, bishop of Limerick, ordered a certain quantity of muslin Fitzgerdd, Howard, same, same, (at l%.,10s. Gd., and 7s. Gd. per yavd) from Edinburgh. Her friend and correspondent writes :.- Lutterill, John, Lutterill's Town, " I have bcen waiteing for an oppertunity to send you muslin, which I've bonugt this 4 months; Lutterill, Henry, do. Co. Dublin 3 hare at last venturcd it with my aunt Irwin's man, tho' they tell me tis ten to one if it escape Latterill, Thomas, do. tlie Hands of tlie disband'd soulders, most of whom are turned Robers, which makes the rode 80 foul that scearce any dare trwele-IIowerer was Resolved to run all hasards rather than keep Lswlesa. Patrick, Coleman's Tom, it any longer.'-Dccr. 38th, '97. Charles Lennan, the Port Collector of Donoughadee, gives his Lime&, ~illiakEarl of permit for the transmission of the aforesaid muslin which duly arrived from Portpatrick.in Scot- Limerick, William Earl of I 17th of April, 1691, land, in January, 1697-8, and which reached Castle Irwin at the end of that month. Limerick, Wdiam Earl of k 2 Whitc's MSS. Limerick, William Earl of Prop. in different Counties, &a. 3 Glows generally sold for Gd. per pair, and some were dyed "cloth eolour," whatever that means. Limerick.-... 4 A petition from the Waterford manufwturcrs for two yearly fairs for the sale of friezes and -- -,WilIiam Earl of I baizrs, was presented about this period. Limerick, Wiam Earl of J 5 Thcy vorc the orange-coloured lock of wool in their hats on St. Blase's day, the 3rdof Lord Dungan, killed in the Battle of Boyne, [for whom there was a great wake at s February, and on other festivals, custom which was not exploded until 1842, when Corporate O Heform ctikountenanced the practice. Clane, near Celbridge, C . Kildm.] 6 This act was passed in the session of 1698-and by it "a duty was laid npon all broad cloths WMahon, Turlock, Cregg, Co. Limerick, gent., 5th Oct. 1696, exported from the 95th of March, 1699, of four shillings in everv twenty shilline of value of Marsh J Wiiam,-Tomline, gent., do., s11cl1cloths. and two shillings in every twentr shillings value of all serges, bays, kersies, per- Pigott, Thomas, Clonishie, Co. Limerick, BaIIinmnp, petuans, stuffs, or nnp other sort of new drapery made of uool, friezes only excepted." Rice, John, City of Limerid, merobant, 7 Sir Robert Southwell states that 30,000 weat-ers, &C., were in a state of absolute wmt, if not of starmtion. Rsnan, James, same, 298 -.. HISTORY OF LIJIERICK. IIISTOBY OF LIJIERICK. 299 Roch, David, same, The lands granted in 1688, and now about to be disposd of by the Trus- Ronan, Nicholas, same, in stephenson, ~ohh,~all~vau~han, Co. Limcriek, tees, were the county of Limerick :- Stevens, Thomas, same, Acres profitable. Value per annum. Total Value. Skiddy, Nicholas. City of Limerick. 12th Oct., 1696 14,882~. 2a. $4,728 10 0 $61,370 10 10 ~treteh;~dward, same, I In the county Tipperary :- Tobin, James, Fethard, Co. Tipperary* 31,960~. 3a. $8,888 12 0 $45,552 2 6 Thprry, James, City of Limerick, In the county Clare :- Thyrry, Patrick, same, 72,426~. $12,060 17 0 $156,791 l 0 Thyrry, Stephen, same, apothecary, Wall, Gibbon, same, doctor, The conduct of the confiscators made a noise throughout Europe, and in White, William, sami, merchant. Paris a list of those lands was publishd under the following head, a copy of which we now have before us :- So much for cc The glorious, pious, and immortal memory of the good and great King William." So much for the Treaty of Limerick, and the good ETAT DES TERBES CONFISQU~ES. faith of those to whom the fortunes of Ireland were committed in an evil Par le Prince d'Orange, depuis le 13 de Fevrier, 1688, sur les Fideles moment. Catholiques d'Irelande, qui ont semi le Roy, Jacques 11. & 1' ont suivi en France ; Represent& au Parlement dJA.gleterre par les Commissaires em- ployez iJcei effet. As we have this remarkable document in the Book of Distributions, and CHAPTER XXXVTI. afterwards printed in the Report of the Commissioners of Public Records, we take it fully from the latter as a piece of official information, which it is not surprising had caused indignation and anger throughout Europe :-

LAND3 GRANTED IN l688 AND THEIR VALUE A~ERseveral reports, and protracted negotiations, it was at length re IAcree Value per am. I Total. solved by Parliament to bring to a conclusion the question of the forfeited estates. It is not necessary that we should go over the ground traversed by these heart-rending proceedings. County of Dublin ...... From the principal reports it appeared County of Bfeath ...... that County of Westmeath ...... The Number of Acres in the sevmal Counties in Ireland belonging to forfeiting County of Kildare ...... perso~swere ...... 1,060,792 County of Catherlogh ...... Which bemg worth £211,623 a year, at six years purchase for lie, and at thii- County of Wicklow ...... teen years for an Inheritance amounted to ...... f 2,685,130 County of Wexford ...... Out of the Lands, the Estates restored to the old Proprietors by the Articles of Queen's County ...... Limerick and Galway, were valued at E724,923, and those restored by Royal King's County ...... Favour at £260,163, after which, and several other allowances, the goss County of Kiikenny ... value of all the Estates forfeited since the 13th of Feby., 1688, amounted to County of Longford ...... 51,622,343 Co. Louth and Town of Drogheda ... The number of Grants and Custodiums, since the Battle of the Boyne, County of Cork ...... County of Kerry ...... under the Great Seal of England, were 76, some of the principal of which County of Clare ...... are mentioned, viz.- County of Waterford ... ..- To the Lord Romney 3 grants of ...... County of Limerick ...... To the Earl of Albemarle 2 grants of ...... County of Tipperary ...... To William Bentinck (Lord woodstock)"' ...... Camty of Galway ... I" To Ginkle Earl of Athlone (occasioned by the Parliament of Irelmdj" ... County of Roscommon ...... To the F31of Galway ...... County of Mayo ...... To the Earl of Roehford, two grants of ...... County of Sligo ...... County of Antrim To the Lord Coningsby ...... -er ...... To Col. Gestavus Hamilton, for his services in wa& throngh the Shannon, and County of Down ...... storming Athlone, at the head of the English Grenadiers ...... County of Brdmagh ...... To Si Thomas Prendergast for the most valuable consideration of discovering County of Cavan ...... the hassination Plot ...... County of Nonaghan ...... County of Fermanagh ...... Several of the Grantees had raised great sums of mone by sale of their lands, amounting in all to 868,155, p$icularly the Ear1' of Athlone (his grant being confirmed by Act of Padmment) rho had sold to the amount The denominations confiscated in the county of Limerick embraced a very of Bl7,6Y4. These lands were forfeited by the Earl of Lucan, Patrick large portion of the entire county. Sarsfield. The Lo~dRomney, R30J147, and the Earl of Albemarle, E30,000.