Carel Snyman Green Transport Electric Vehicles – SANERI Opel Corsa Ford Bantam Conversion Electric Game Viewing Land Rover Conversion Volkswagen Microbus Conversions Jeep Wrangler Conversion Strategic Orientation
Set up R&D programmes and centres at universities where potential already exists – strengthen this capacity and turn into world class innovation centres
In the medium to long term create capacity to undertake research, development and demonstration in-house in strategic areas
Develop, demonstrate and prepare bankable projects for new energy technologies
Where required, equity may be taken in a particular project, along the lines of a PPP National Targets
Efficient Vehicles – sedans and LDVs by 1% average/year
Passenger Modal Shift – from 51% (2003) to 75%(2050)
Bio-Fuels – increased percentages of EtOH in petrol and Bio-Diesel in diesel
Bio-Fuels Subsidy
Hybrids – 7% of private cars in 2015, 20% by 2030
EVs – 10% of P.km demand by 2015 and 60% by 2030
EVs on Eskom Grid – 60% of private passenger market Working Towards a National Plan
National Government – Working with Governmental Departments
Provincial Government – Working with Provincial Government on Joint Projects
Local Government – Implementing Projects in Cities and Municipalities
State Owned Entities – Partners in Research, Development and Demonstration
Industry – Partners (PPPs) in commercialisation of vehicles and infrastructure
Educational Institutions – Partners in Training and Capacity building
Taxi industry – Partners in demonstration and commercialisation PPP - Partnerships
Automotive Industrial Development Corporation Government Fleets Eskom Fleet Hybrid BRT bus EVI City Project COP17 Meeting in Durban Etc Cleaner Fossil Fuels
LPG
– Demonstration by converting petrol vehicles to dual fuel (G-Fleet, Taxis) – Recording data for comparison and reporting – Understanding infrastructure requirements Cleaner Fossil Fuels
CNG
– Demonstration by converting petrol and diesel vehicles to dual fuel (G – Fleet, taxis and buses) – Recording data for comparison and reporting – Understanding infrastructure requirements
13 Example of a converted taxi (Quantum)...
Private and Confidential © NOVO Energy (Pty) Ltd CNG Filling Station Renewable Fuels
Bio-Diesel
– Demonstration providing fuel for diesel vehicles (Yellow fleet construction vehicles, municipal fleets) – Recording data for comparison and reporting – Understanding infrastructure requirements MetroBus Ethanol
Inspired and facilitated by Clinton foundation
Ethanol bus from Sweden during mid 2010 and has been operating since then
ED95, and with its small additive package
This bus has covered well over 20,000 km on our inner city routes
Emissions have shown a reduction of over 72% in CO2, 60% NOx and 90% PM The fuel consumption show 85 L/100 km
Jobs in the rural areas
Animal feed from the waste products
1 7 Renewable Fuels
Bio Gas (from biomass, waste, sewage, etc.)
– Demonstration by converting petrol taxis – Recording data for comparison and reporting – Understanding infrastructure requirements
1 8 IDC Gas Project
Identified alternative fuel
Biogas – Landfill, waste & biomass based
Trucks and buses
Industrial development
Job creation
1 9 Electric Vehicles
Energy Storage Systems Evaluation & Technology Transfer
Electric Motors and Controllers
Battery Management Systems
Vehicle Components
Vehicle - Grid ICT and Grid Integration
Vehicle Safety
Recycling Issues
University Challenges
2 0 Stellenbosch University EVs at the centre EV Partnerships
Group of companies to implement SANEDI Green Transport objectives and transfer EV technologies to SA: Convert conventional vehicles to electric propulsion for customers Design and install recharging infrastructure at strategic points Guide and establish EV industrial development in South Africa
by
2 3 Optimal Energy
Joule
Government Initiatives:
• Joule Investment • Battery development by the IDC and DTI • SABS EV committee • IMC for commercialisation of EVs
2 4 10 x Single Manufacturer Solar Car Fleet World first Solar Car Fleet, used in interactive education programs In Collaboration with Glyndŵr University in Wales Universal car, Pure EV Mode, Solar Mode and Fuel Cell Mode 4,457 km 10 Days Toughest solar challenge in the world 15 Local SA Teams building cars 10 International Teams (Tokai, Nuna, Etc.)
In collaboration with Formulec France 100% Electric Formula Race Car Opportunity for the African Leg of Formulec Series in 2012/13 Street Circuit with focus on developing a festival atmosphere Formula 3, competitive car, 0-100km/h < 3s Cape Town Waterfront electric yacht development SA Energy Balance E CRUDE OIL S Agriculture PRODUCTION K LOSSES O Domestic
M Commerce C BP Transport O S SHELL A A CALTEX CONSUMPTION S ENGEN LOSSES O L L Mining
USEFUL ENERGY Direct Industrial Carbon Intensity of the Final Energy Mix 15%
Wrong32 energy & wrong technology for mobility work 15%
Wrong33 energy & wrong technology for mobility work 15%
Wrong34 energy & wrong technology for mobility work 15% Wrong energy & wrong technology for mobility work Oil Well Refinery Distribution Petrol Car (WW)η W96% T90% 100%97% 18% Coal MineEfficientSynfuel Plant Distribution Petrol Car 97% 40% 97% 18%
Coal Mine Power Station Distribution Electric Car 24%
97% 35% 95% 75% Solar Farm Distribution Electric Car 71%
95% 75% How far can you go on one hectare?
Kilometres per Hectare
Electric (PV) 325,000
BioGas (corn) 67,000
BioMass to Liquid 60,000 Electric 16kW/100km SI – 7,4Litre/100km CI – 6,5Litre/100km BioEthanol 22,500
BioDiesel 21,500
0 100000 200000 300000 400000 38 Where is the Electricity going to come from?
24
23
22 38 GWh
GW 21 6 million cars 19
18
17
16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Hours of the day Energy, Cost and GHG
For Petrol Electric Car 100km: Car Peak Off-peak & Small Car
Price/Unit R 10,00 R 1,00 20c
Units 10 litres 15 kWh 7,5 kWh
Energy 320 MJ 54 MJ 27 MJ
Cost R 100,00 R 15,00 R1,50
25kg 0 0 GWP 45kg7-50kg 39kg39kg 19kg19kg Optimising the Commute Table View DRAFT
Bellville
Woodstock UWC Pinelands
Camps Bay CBD MowbrayMowbray
RondeboschRondebosch Airport ClaremontClaremont Nyanga
Khayelitsha Hout Bay Mitchell’s Plain Somerset Retreat West
Muizenberg
Fishoek Mobility Hubs Cape Town 42 Performance: Person.km/Energy Unit
Urban Commutes Long Distance Travel
Rail 255 Electric Train (300 km/h) 160
Trolleybus 123 Regional Electric Train 85
Diesel bus 33 Diesel electric commuter rail 85
Light motorcycle 25 Maglev (400 km/h) 81 Smart For 2 cdi 20 Highway coach 72
Prius 20 Prius 30
City EV 60 Aircraft 21
Aerodynamic DRAG and energy consumption
Speed Time to travel
km/h 30km Time
60 30 saved:
80 23 7min
100 18 5min
120 15 3min Cars got bigger and heavier over time
What is YOUR parasitic mass? GridCar Development Smart Grid
City Commuter GridCar Interconnection Integrated Advanced Mobility Systems
EV Owners
Power EV Producers Manufacturer
Power Service Retailers Retailers
Charge Policymakers Operators Ideal Architecture
Will achieve the following :
Services • Promote Innovation Fleet Companies Power • Enforce standards Companies Companies Manufacturers • Encourage competiveness - Car Sharing - Manufacturer - ITS • Expose new markets - Retailers GridCars, - Rental Cmpy. - Toll/Tax/C02 - Producers Optimal • Create job opportunities - Corporates - Smart Grids - Distributors Energy, Nissan - - Smart Cities • Encourage Industry Growth - Charge Units - Etc. • Help lower Environmental Impact • Public transport integration • Ease user acceptance and costs
Service Orientated Architecture (Public Application Interface)
VALUE ADDED SERVICES Electricity Trading Desk Basic Fleet Services Ideally this Charge Installations Ideally this should be a Vehicle sharing or rental system should be a Public Public Company Company with with Legislative CORE SERVICES Gazetted Control Payment Management Tariffs Tracking Asset Register Let us be practical:
1600 • Average ≈ 60km per day
1400 • Small electric car: 5kWh/100km ≈ 3kWh/day 1200 • PV electrical energy 1000 1600 4kWh per day 800 • PV cells needed ≈ 7m2 600 • PV cells cost ≈ R 40’000, 400 600 once-off, for 25 years Saudi474 Arabia is 200 seeking the light . . . • PV kmWorld life ≈ 150’000km of the SUN! 0 “25% of world demand” Wind • 27c/km (no increase!) Exa Joules Exa JoulesPetaa ofJoules Energy (2008) Solar
4,457 km 10 Days Toughest solar challenge in the world 15 Local SA Teams building cars 10 International Teams Solar Electric Bus
• Adelaide Australia • World's first 100% solar-recharged electric transit bus • ”Tindo” after the Aboriginal word for "sun" • Seats 27, powered by a 35kW electric motor running off ZEBRA sodium nickel chloride batteries rated at 261.8kWh • 11,480kg vehicle has a top speed of 75km/hr and an estimated operation range between fast charges is 200km
Thank you !
Carel Snyman 083 41 00 313 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
• Inductive power transmission is based on the fact that an electric conductor creates a magnetic field, which generates an electric current in another conductor placed within that field. • Induction is used in a huge range of applications, from electric generators in power plants to electric toothbrushes which charge inductively when placed in their base. What’s radically different about PRIMOVE is that it can charge vehicles not just when parked, but also in motion. • The induction coil under the road or track carries high-frequency alternating current, which creates a magnetic field. This field induces a voltage in the vehicle-side inductive pick-up, which is used to charge and power the vehicle. The vehicle “communicates” with the wayside components to switch on a given segment only when the vehicle is directly over it. • The advantages are freedom from wear and exposure, elimination of the need for batteries, high safety, flexible power, and theoretically unlimited range