GOVERNMENT OF JAMMU & KASHMIR LADAKH AUTONOMOUS HILL DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL, LAHDC LEH OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT STATISTICS AND EVALUATION OFFICEFICERRRR,, LAHDC LEH
on
ininin Leh District (2013(2013----14)14)
Published by DISTRICT STATISTICS AND EVALUATION OFFICE, LEH DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS & STATISTICS PLANNING DEVELOPMENT AND MONITORING DEPARTMENT
Contents
Page No
Highlights 1
Chapter I
Introduction 2 - 3
Chapter II
Scheme and its Progress 4 - 6
Chapter III
Field Findings 7 - 12
Chapter IV
Difficulties/Issues 13 - 14
Chapter V
Summery findings & Suggestions 15 - 16
Photographs 17 – 18
Scheduled 19 - 22
Highlights
• District Leh is the 2 nd largest district in the country and largest district of the state in terms of area. • The scheme provide financial assistance to the Orchardist @ 20,000 & 10,000 each beneficiaries to fence their orchard measuring 2 Kanals and 1 kanal plots respectively. • 224 families have been benefited under the scheme with financial assistance of Rs 41.032 lacs during the reference year • An amount of Rs 37.432 lacs has been provided as financial assistance for fencing of orchard measuring 2 Kanals of Land which cover 188 beneficiaries • An amount of Rs 3.60 lacs was utilized for fencing of orchard measuring 1 Kanals of Land which cover 36 beneficiaries. • During the reference period the department received an amount of Rs 41.10 lacs & against it an amount of Rs 41.032 lacs were utilised which is 99.35 % of expenditure. • Similarly during the reference period 803 sets of osmotic Dehydration sets were issued to the farmers on 50% subsidy. • Under special task force 03 nos of fruits and vegetable processing units has been constructed at Nimoo, Khaltsi and Nubra out of this Nimoo processing unit is functioning. • Similarly 1039 Horticulture tool kits @ 50% Subsidy has been distributed among the farmers with a financial assistance of Rs 2.48 lacs. • During the reference period an Exposure tour of the farmers/Officials outside the district were conducted which includes 30nos of farmers with a financial assistance of Rs 2.06 lacs. • 998 litres of Pesticides on 100% subsidy to manage codling moth pest were issued to the fruit growers with a financial assistance of Rs 3.00 lacs. • 17 nos of Metallic Solar Drier 70 Kg Capacity of Apricot has been issued on 90% Subsidy among the orchardists with the financial assistance of Rs 20.81 lacs. • 3026 plastic crates has been distributed among the fruit grower on 50% Subsidy with the financial assistance of Rs 6.00 lacs. • 2662 farmers have been benefited under Replacement of UVS Film of old Poly Green House on 50% Subsidy with the financial assistance of Rs 23 lacs. • The Department annually provide 3 times on spot training / demonstration of Horticulture operation in various parts of the district. • Annually the department arrange block show during the reference period it was done at Nubra, Leh and Khaltsi. • The Department is advised to find out an easily accessible market for farmers. • More thrust on Non traditional Belts. • Enhancement of ceiling is needed for more encouragement. • Special trainings are advised on regular intervals to farmers. • Dedicated entrepreneurs need to encourage on large scale for attracting to others.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 1
Chapter I
Introduction of Horticulture Department Leh.
1.00 Back ground, Major Activities / Achievements of the Department:- Prior to 1994 the activities related to Horticulture sector were looked after by the Agriculture Department in Leh District. It was only during 1994 that an independent office of the District Horticulture Officer Leh was established and a portion of field staff and ministerial staff was transferred from Agriculture Department to Horticulture Department, Ladakh region falls under cold arid zone of the country constituting 70% geographical area of the state, the region is known for dry Apricot which is produced in this region of the country and got huge market not only in the state but in the country besides having even scope for export to other countries. District Leh has got great potential for development of Horticulture especially apricot and apples .Other fruits like walnut, pear, peach almond and grapes are also grown in the warmer lower belts. There is a great demand of fruits for defence personnel’s posted in Ladakh region. The entire Indus belt from Rong Kerry to Dha Hanu and Shayok to Taykshi-Turtuk has great potential for growing of fruit crops like Apricot & Apple. Other fruits like walnut ,pear, peach almond and grapes are also grown in the warmer lower belts of Khaltsi, Saspol and Disket Blocks. With the commissioning of numerous irrigation projects more and more cultivable land is coming under Horticulture Development schemes. Activities/Achievements of Horticultures Department Leh :-the activities/ Achievements of Horticulture department may be broadly divided as under:- 1. 50% Subsidy for development of Orchard on 2 kanal & 1 Kanal of land /Area under expansion Programme :- The main aim of horticulture is to provide high yielding varieties of fruit plants and to cover more and more land under plantation for increasing the productivity and to uplift the economy of the farming community . Providing the plant material to the orchardist for establishment of new orchards under the scheme development of Fruit, 50% subsidy is being provided to the orchardists for fruit plantation/fencing of orchard size minimum two Kanals of land @ Rs 20,000 and Rs 10,000 on the size of one Kanal of land, since 2011-12 to 2013-14 the department has given financial assistance to 224 beneficiaries amounting to Rs 41.032 lacs. 2. 50% Subsidy on Horticulture tool kits to fruits growers: -to conduct various operations by the orchardist in the orchard like weeding, pruning, training, operation etc 1039, sets of tool Kits has been distributed in the district on 50% subsidy during the reference period. 3. Plastic crate and orchard Ladder: -since the year 2011-12 till end of financial year 2013-14, 3026 plastic crates distributed among 790 beneficiaries on 50% subsidy and 326 ladders were distributed among 326 orchardists to minimize the damage to the fruits. To combat various pest and diseases in the orchard, pesticides and foot pump sprays distributed among the farmers on 50% subsidy . 4. Post Harvest Management:- Osmotic dehydration buckets were distributed among the farmer on 50% subsidy the main aim of the scheme is to improve the inferior quality of apricots, Since 2011-12 to 2013-14 , 803 sets of buckets were distributed to each fruits growers. 5. Miscellaneous: - in addition to the above facilities the department provides other facilities like, Solar dryer on 90% to individual/Community having capacity to dry 70 kgs of apricot, replacement of old UVS for poly green house on 50% subsidy. The department also organize exposure tours to the farmers/ officials outside the district, training to the farmers, organizing block level fruit shows, providing chain saw on 50% subsidy etc. In order to make an assessment of the progress and success of the implementation of various schemes of Horticulture Department in Leh District, the District Level Evaluation committee (DLEC) has desired to conduct an evaluation study on one of the important scheme of the Horticulture Department i:e (50% Subsidy for development of individual Orchard on 2 kanal & 1 Kanal) of land with the following objectives:-
1.01 :- Objectives:-
1. To assess the progress of the implementation of the scheme. 2. To assess the impact of the scheme. 3. To assess the benefits acquired to the farmers by this scheme. 4. To know the difficulty faced in implementation of this particular scheme. 5. To increase the potential through such schemes. Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 2
6. To improvise the standard methodology of farming. 7. To suggest the remedial measures to improve the scheme.
1.02:-Sample Size and Coverage:-
District Leh Comprises of 9 Blocks Viz:- Leh, Kharu, Chuchot, Khaltsi, Saspol, Disket, Panimic, Nyoma and Durbuk,. Except Durbuk Blocks the horticulture programmes is operated in all the Eight blocks, however out of these seven blocks at first stage 3 blocks has been taken up for detail investigation, at the 2nd stage 15 Nos of beneficiaries, 10 Non Beneficiaries and 10 Knowledgeable persons has been taken for detail investigation from each block. During the whole process simple random sampling method without replacement has been used.
1.03 Instrument of investigation: -in order to have detail investigation following schedule have been Devised:-
1. Schedule for the implementing Agency I 2. Schedule for beneficiaries - II 3. Schedule for Non Beneficiaries III 4. Schedule for Knowledgeable Person IV
1.04:- Reference Period:- The reference period has been 2011-12, 2012-13 & 2013-14.
1.05:- Source of Data:- The primary data has been collected by the investigator from the field by enquiring it from beneficiaries, non beneficiaries & knowledgeable persons and the secondary data has been obtained from the concerned department.
1.06 Filed work and supervision:- The field work and supervision has been conducted by the evaluation staff posted in the DSEO, Leh under the overall supervision control of DSEO Leh.
1.07 Tabulation & Report Writing:- The scrutiny of schedules & Tabulation has been done by the staff of District Statistics and evaluation Officer, Leh under the overall supervision of DSEO Leh and the draft report has been prepared by the District Statistics & Evaluation Office Leh under the technical guidance of RJDK.
1.08:-Analytical Tools:- Simple averages, percentage & graphic representation has been made in analysis & synthesis of the data in order to make the report easily understandable, interpretable & attractive.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 3
Chapter II Scheme and its Progress:-
Ladakh had a long tradition of growing Horticulture products unique to its geo climatic condition. Apricot is by far the most important and popular fruit with large variety popular among them are Raktsey Karpo ,Halman and Narmo followed by Apple Tha Kushu, and Mongol Kushu , however for long cultivation of fruits has remained confined to lower sham belt i.e Khaltsi, Saspol and turtuk areas of Disket in Nubra Block. Departmental efforts and farmers initiatives in the past few decades have led to increase in production of Apricot and Apple, several new varieties of Apple like delicious have introduced and are being successfully grown, at the same time Horticulture production has expended to the other areas of the district. More over use of improved technology and initiative of value addition has led to the increase in returns to the fruits growers. Fruits like Walnut , pear ,Peach, Almond, grapes and strawberry were also growing successfully in the lower belt of the District, the department of Horticulture is running various schemes for the benefits of the farmer and its various schemes are as under:-
(I)Area Expansion by Apple /Apricot plantation:- The main Aim of the Horticulture Department with this scheme is to produce high yielding varieties of fruit plants and to cover more land under plantation for increasing the productivity and upliftment the economy of the farming community by way of providing subsidy like on fencing/Walling to Orchardist Rs 20,000 /- per 2 kanals of orchard and Rs 10,000 /- per 1 Kanal orchard During the reference period 224 farmers has been benefited under the scheme with financial assistance of Rs 41.032 lacs . (II) 50% Subsidy on Horticulture tools kits to the fruits growers:- 1039 Horticulture tool kits on 50% subsidy has been issued among the farmers with a financial involvement of Rs 2.48 lacs. (iii)50% Subsidy on Plastic Crates, Orchard Ladders 3026 plastic crates has been distributed among the fruit grower on 50% Subsidy and 326 Orchard Ladders were also distributed among the fruits growers to minimise the damage to the harvest crops . (iv)Distribution provision of Pesticides on 100% Subsidy :- to combat various pests and disease in the orchard , 998 litres of Pesticides on 100% subsidy to manage codling moth pest were issued to the farmers with a financial assistance of Rs 3.00 lacs. (v) Post Harvest Management :- Osmotic Dehydration Bucket provided to the farmers on 50% subsidy for value addition to the inferior quality of Apricot crop during the reference period, 803 sets of osmotic Dehydration sets were also issued to farmers at the cost of 9.20 lacs. Similarly 17 nos of metallic Solar Drier 70 Kg Capacity of Apricot has been issued on 90% Subsidy among the fruit growers with the financial assistance of Rs 20.81 lacs (VI)Replacement of of UVS Film of old poly Green House on 50% subsidy:- 2662 farmers have been benefited under Replacement of UVS Film of old Poly Green House on 50% Subsidy with the financial assistance of Rs 23 lacs (VII) Exposure tour for farmers /Officials out side the district: - During the reference period an Exposure tour of the farmers/officials outside the district were conducted which includes 30 no farmers and officials of the district with a financial assistance of Rs 2.06 lacs (Viii) On Spot Training /Demonstration of Horticulture operation: - The Department Annually provide 3 times on spot training / demonstration of Horticulture operation in various parts of the district. (IX)Organizing Block Level Fruit Show Annually the department arrange block level fruit show and during the reference period it was held at Nubra, Leh and Khaltsi (x)Establishment of Vegetable and fruit processing unit :_ Under Special Task Force 3 units of Vegetable and fruit processing unit has been established at Nimoo, Khaltsi and Nubra out of this only Nimoo Fruit processing unit is functioning.
Table # 2.00:- Abstract of Beneficiary List of Individual Orchards of 2 kanals Established during 2011-12 to 2013-14 (Abstract) (Rs in Lacs) Year No of Area covered Amount Amount Paid Remarks If any Beneficiary under the scheme Received (Subsidy) (Kanals) 2011-12 90 180 18.00 17.972 0.028 surrendered 2012-13 66 132 13.14 13.10 0.04 surrendered 2013-14 32 64 6.36 6.36 Fully Utilized Total 188 376 37.50 37.432
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 4
The above table reflects that the department has covered 188 numbers of beneficiaries for 376 kanals of land and against it they received Rs 37.50 lacs of amount for subsidy on individual orchards fencing of 2 kanals land and against it the department has utilised Rs 37.432 lacs which is almost 100 % of expenditure. As reflected in the year 2011-12 an amount of Rs 0.028 lacs was surrendered & that too is because of the deficiency found in temisgham village (Khaltsi Block) by a beneficiaries namely Sh. Nawang Chosgial & in the year 2012- 12 an amount of Rs 0.04 lacs was surrendered. This table reflects that the department execute its work on time within their limited resources & as per field the evaluation team found that the beneficiaries are getting their subsidies through cheque system which is commendable from their part. Table # 2.01:- Abstract of Beneficiary List of Individual Orchards of 1 kanal Established during 2011-12 to 2013-14 (Abstract) Year No of Area covered Amount Amount Paid Remarks If any Beneficiary under the Received (Subsidy) scheme (Kanals) 2011-12 20 20 2.00 2.00 Fully Utilized 2012-13 10 10 1.00 1.00 Fully Utilized 2013-14 06 06 0.60 0.60 Fully Utilized Total 36 36 3.60 3.60
The above table reflects that the department has covered 36 numbers of beneficiaries for 36 kanals of land and against it they received Rs 3.60 lacs of amount for subsidy on individual orchards fencing of 1 kanals land and against it the department has fully utilised which is 100 % of achievement.
Table # 2.02:- STAFF STRENGTH MANPOWER REQUIREMENT (MR) 2015-16 OF HORTICULTURE SECTOR. Grade Sanctioned Position Vacant Requirement S.No Designation of the post Pay scale Pay strength in post post of staff (Nos) 15600- 1 Chief Horticulture Officer 6600 1 1 0 0 39100 District Horticulture 2 9300-34800 5200 1 1 0 0 Officer District Sub. Matter 3 9300-34800 5200 1 0 1 0 Spl.(Pom) District Sub. Matter 4 9300-34800 5200 1 0 1 0 Spl.(Entom) 5 Manager Cum-Chemist 9300-34800 5200 1 0 1 0 6 Horticulture Dev. Officer 9300-34800 5200 5 1 4 0 A EXECUTIVE Nursery Registration 1 9300-34800 5200 0 0 0 1 Inspector Senior Horticulture 2 9300-34800 4200 1 0 1 3 Technician Horticulture Technician 3 9300-34800 4200 2 2 0 4 Grade-Ist Horticulture Technician 4 5200-20200 2400 3 3 0 4 Grade-II Horticulture Technician 5 5200-20200 1900 4 3 1 4 Grade-III Horticulture Technician 6 4440-7440 1400 2 2 0 4 Grade-IV 7 Chowkidar 4440-7440 1300 3 2 1 8 8 Mali/Gardner 4440-7440 1300 4 2 2 8 B MINISTERIAL 1 Section Officer 9300-34800 4280 0 0 0 1 2 Accountant 9300-34800 4200 0 0 0 1 3 Head Assistant 9300-34800 4200 0 0 0 1 4 Senior Assistant 9300-34800 4200 1 1 0 2
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 5
5 Junior Assistant 5200-20200 1900 2 2 0 2 6 Junior Steno Typist 9300-34800 1900 0 0 0 1 7 Cashier 5200-20200 1900 0 0 0 1 8 Driver 5200-20200 1900 1 1 0 1 9 Assistant Mechanic 5200-20201 1900 0 0 0 1 10 Tractor Driver 5200-20200 1900 0 0 0 1 11 Store Attendent 4440-7440 1300 0 0 0 1 12 Orderlies 4440-7440 1300 2 2 0 4 FRUIT PRESERVATION &
C UTILIZATION EXTENSION CENTRE 1 Canning Instructor 9300-34800 4200 1 0 1 1 2 Canning Operator 5200-20200 2400 0 0 0 1 3 Junior Assistant 5200-20200 1900 0 0 0 2 4 Caning Attendant 4440-7440 1300 0 0 0 1 5 Chowkidar/watchman 4440-7440 1300 0 0 0 1 Total:- 36 23 13 59 The department claimed that so far no post of Non-Gazatted Category both in field / ministered were created after re organization vide Govt. Order No 127-Agri of 1997 Dated:- 04-03-1997. The above table reflects that 36 is the existing staff strength of the horticulture department out of which 23 are in position & 13 posts are lying vacant. This is true that the department is already having a shortage of man power & therefore, accordingly they are proposing more 59 field post which needs to be created. For smooth functioning of the department.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 6
Chapter III Field Findings District Leh Comprises of 9 Blocks Viz:- Leh, Kharu, Chuchot, Khaltsi, Saspol, Disket ,Panimic, Nyoma and Durbuk. Except Durbuk Block the horticulture programmes is operated in all the eight blocks, however out of these eight blocks at first stage 3 blocks has been taken up for detail investigation, at the 2 nd stage five villages has been selected from these blocks at the 3 rd stage further 15 Nos of beneficiaries, 10 Non Beneficiaries and 10 Knowledgeable persons has been taken for detail investigation. From each block During the whole process simple random sampling without replacement techniques has been used.
The below are the nine blocks considered for the evaluation study: - As per the latest administrative set up leh district has been divided into 16 blocks 09 Old blocks & 07 new Blocks however, for the current evaluation study the team restricted to the old 09 blocks with the reason that due to non availability of data of reference period which is 2011-2014. The 09 blocks are as shown in below graphics viz: - Leh, Panimic, Diskit, Durbuk, Nyoma, Kharu, Chuchot, Saspol and Khaltsi. All blocks are scattered between 40 to 210 Kms.
(1) LEH (2) PANAMIK (9) KHALTSI
(8)SASPOL (3)DISKIT OLD BLOCKS IN
LEH DISTRICTS (7) CHUCHOT (4) DURBUK
(6) KHARU (5) NYOMA
The below are the eight blocks where in Horticulture Department is working in Leh district: -
(1) LEH (8) KHALTSI (2) PANAMIK
HORTICULTURE (3) DISKIT (7) SASPOL ACTIVITIES IN
LEH DISTRICTS
(4)NYOMA (6) CHUCHOT (5) KHARU
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 7
Although leh district comprises of 09 blocks (Old) however the horticulture activities are confined to above eight blocks except durbuk block which is not feasible for horticulture activities due to its extreme climatic conditions. Irrespective of extreme climatic conditions in recent years, the department is exploring all the possibilities to bring this alien block within the ambit of horticulture activities like issuance of UVS films to the beneficiaries so that they could at least grow some horticulture shrubs within their home boundraies.
The below are the three blocks where in evaluation on Horticulture has been taken:-
(3) KHALTSI
EVALUATION STUDIES ON
(50% subsidy for dev. of (1)DISKIT
individual orchards of 2 & 1 kanal area.)
(2) CHUCHOT
On this study, simple random sampling without replacement method has been applied for the said evaluation and out of 09 blocks (old), the above three block viz. Diskit, Chuchot & khaltsi blocks were drawn for the evaluation study. By this draw the team started the study and travelled almost all the corner of Leh district including by crossing the highest motorable road of the world i.e 18400 feet approx and study concluded in chuchot block.
Table no 3.00 :-
Table showing sample blocks, beneficiaries, non beneficiaries, & knowledgeable persons. Sample No .of beneficiaries No of Non Beneficiaries No of Knowledgeable S.No Blocks contacted Contacted person contacted A Chuchut 15 10 10
B Khaltsi 15 10 10
C Diskit 15 10 10
Total 45 30 30
The above table shows 15 numbers of beneficiaries, 10 numbers of non beneficiaries, & 10 numbers of knowledgeable person selected from each block for study purpose & they were interviewed on field by the evaluation team on prescribed formats accordingly & their feedbacks are expressed on below tables.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 8
Table No:-3.01 Total no of beneficiaries Block wise and sample beneficiaries under the scheme during the reference period (2011-12 to 2013-14)
Total No of No of Sample Beneficiaries
S.NO Name of Block Beneficiaries selected 1 Leh 32 00 2 Nyoma 03 00 3 Durbuk 00 00 4 Kharu 09 00 5 Panamik 03 00 6 Saspol 23 00 Total 70 Sample Block 7 Chuchot 29 15 8 Khaltsi 106 15 9 Diskit 19 15 Total 224 45
From table No 3.01 it is evident that out of 224 beneficiaries during the reference period, 45Nos of beneficiaries has been selected for detail investigation from 3 sample blocks viz Chuchot, Khaltsi & Diskit which is 20% population of beneficiaries.
Table No:- 3.02 Table Showing Land Particulars of the Sample Beneficiaries (in Kanals)
Sample Land Land Land Leased Net Area S.NO Blocks Owned leased in out Possessed 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Chuchut 472 20 NIL 492 2 Khaltsi 372 Nil Nil 372 3 Diskit 670 Nil 20 650 Total 1514 20 20 1514
Table No:- 3.02 give us detail about the block wise land owned, land leased in, Land out and net area possessed by the sample beneficiaries. And as per the above table it shows that net area possessed by the beneficiaries in these three blocks is 1514 kanals and the beneficiaries utilize these areas optimally.
Table No:-3.03
Land under Agriculture and Horticulture by the Sample Beneficiaries (in Nos)
S.NO Sample Area under Area under No. of Fruit Total Yield in Blocks Agriculture Horticulture bearing trees Qtls. 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Chuchut 266 40 752 68 2 Khaltsi 199 56 1190 160 3 Disket 203 84 1156 140 Total 668 180 3098 368
Table No:-3.03 give us the sample block wise detail of area under agriculture and Horticulture respectively. More over it is also evident that block Khaltsi having highest no of Fruit bearing trees & yield Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 9 respectively and Block chuchot having the lowest no of Fruit bearing trees & yield the reason of high yield in khaltsi Block is due to being traditional belt & suitable for horticulture farming & vice versa in chuchot block. The aggregate area under agriculture is 668 kanals, while the area under horticulture is 180 kanals similarly there are 3098 fruit bearing trees & its annual yields come out to be 368 quintals of different fruits approximately. The above data is based on the survey done on field & as reported by the beneficiaries in the sample villages.
Table No:- 3.04
Coverage of area under the selected scheme
S.NO Sample Area Area fenced properly Type of fencing material Blocks covered under the scheme Yes No Barbed Chain link Others Wire 1 Chuchut 29 15 Nil Nil 1 14 2 Khaltsi 29 15 Nil Nil 6 09 3 Disket 28 14 1 Nil 3 12 Total 86 44 1 Nil 10 35
Table No:- 3.04 reflects that the most beneficiaries used other fencing materials viz stone/ sun dried bricks as their prime choice & few beneficiaries used chain link as fencing in their orchards. Table No:-3.05
Estimated cost amount of subsidy provided no plants issued and no of plants survived. S.NO Sample Total Amount of Nos of Nos of Blocks Estimated Cost Subsidy plants plants (Rs) Provided(Rs) Issued survived
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Chuchut 500000 290000 253 105 2 Khaltsi 550000 290000 755 680 3 Disket 490000 280000 555 490 Total 1540000 860000 1563 1275
Table No:- 3.05 Elucidates us about the Estimated cost incurred for the fencing amounting to Rupees 15.40 lacs & out of it the beneficiaries has availed only Rs 8.60 lacs as subsidy. The reason for high estimate cost is due to high labour charge, material cost, transportation etc. It also reflect the detail about the no of plants issued to the farmers and no of plants survived the survival rate of plants is highest in khaltsi block i.e 90% and lowest in Chuchut block i.e 41.50 % of course the reason is suitable & non suitable climatic conditions respectively.
Table 3.06 Training /Technical Guidance provided to the farmer by the department.
S.NO Sample Yes No Unaware Blocks
1 2 3 4 5 1 Chuchut 04 05 06 2 Khaltsi 05 04 06 3 Disket 03 04 08 Total 12 13 20
Table No:-3.06 shows the Training /Technical Guidance provided to the farmer by the department it is clear from the above table that 12 no of sample farmers says yes while 13 no says no while 20 no of farmers were un aware.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 10
Table No:-3.07 Rating by the sample Beneficiaries about various schemes of the Department Rating by the Beneficiaries S.NO Sample Blocks Schemes Good Average Poor i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 10 05 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 11 04 00 iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 09 05 01 1 Chuchut iv Distribution of Tool/implements 09 05 01 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 08 06 01 v Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 05 08 i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 10 05 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 12 03 00 iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 08 05 02 2 Khaltsi iv Distribution of Tool/implements 09 05 01 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 08 06 01 vi Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 05 08 i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 11 04 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 12 03 00 iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 09 04 02 3 Disket iv Distribution of Tool/implements 10 04 01 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 07 05 02 vi Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 08 05
Table No:-3.07 gives us detail information about the rating made by the beneficiaries about the various scheme of the department & as table itself shows the amount of satisfaction on various scale but in all the three blocks the numbers of beneficiaries are more who were not satisfied regarding training given by the department, the reason thereof is due to non awareness of the training schedule.
Table No:-3.08 Rating by the Knowledgeable Persons about various scheme of the Department
Sample Rating by the knowledgeable persons S.No Schemes Blocks Good Average Poor i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 08 02 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 09 01 00 1 Chuchut iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 05 04 01 iv Distribution of Tool/implements 09 01 00 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 08 02 00 vi Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 05 03 i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 07 03 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 09 01 00 iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 04 05 01 2 Khaltsi iv Distribution of Tool/implements 09 01 00 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 08 01 01 vi Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 03 05 i Incentives /Subsidy Provided 08 02 00 ii Distribution of Nursery /Fruits Plants 09 01 00 iii Distribution of Fertilizer /Pesticides 04 04 02 3 Disket iv Distribution of Tool/implements 08 01 00 v Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration Sets. 07 01 02 vi Imparting trainings to the farmers 02 06 02 Table No:-3.08 depict the rating made by the knowledgeable persons about the various scheme of the department and here also the knowledgeable persons raise the non awareness of the training schedules. The department is organizing the training camps but due to lack of publicity often the farmers were not aware of such training schedules. Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 11
Table No:-3.09 Response of non Beneficiaries S.NO Sample Are the non beneficiaries aware No of non beneficiaries contacted Blocks of schemes of the Department
Yes No 1 Chuchut 05 05 10 2 Khaltsi 08 02 10 3 Disket 04 06 10 Total 17 13 30
Table 3.09 shows awareness among the non beneficiaries about the various schemes of the department.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 12
Chapter IV The difficulties faced, may be categorized into three categories viz:- by the departmental, by the evaluation team and by the beneficiaries Difficulties Faced by the:- 1. Horticulture Deptt :- As stated by the department programmes/activities are being persuaded by the field functionaries vigorously, there are lots of difficulties faced which come in the way and the results do not seem as encouraging as these ought to be. Some of the main problems are elucidated here:-
(i) Lack of mobility: - Due to poor transport & communication facilities in between the villages in the block & the distance between them, it becomes very difficult for the field functionaries to visit all the villages for providing technical inputs regarding fruit growing, as the Horticulture Operations are time & period specific. (ii) Lack of interest on part of farmers: - Although the horticulture is a profitable sector but the farmers specially the rich ones does not show their interest, the reason for the same is their dependence on other source of income like Tourism and allied activities, while others ones engages themselves as army porter in the area like Disket block of Nubra sub division. (iii) Tough geo climatic condition and short season: - No doubt that in the cold desert like Ladakh farmers are growing some fruits like Apricot and Apple, but due to tough geo climatic condition and short season they could not grow other fruits and as a result they could not devote their much time to this sector at the same time due to poor connectivity long distance they can’t take their fruits to rest of the country for marketing. (iv) Shortage of Manpower: - The district being under development in respect of horticulture activities should have more field staff to implement the programmes/schemes properly in the field, than the other district of Kashmir Division, where one Horticulture Development Officer, there are 12 technicians to implement the schemes & this district has only 8 technicians for 5 horticulture development officer. Due to vast geographical area of ladakh region and scattered villages to cover under horticulture zone is very difficult to execute the works with the existing staff, as the most of the horticulture works lies on field. 2. Damages caused by codling moth: - The farming community of the district is very much reluctant to adopt chemical control measures for control of the codling moth which makes 50% to 70% of the apple production & 5 to 10% of apricot production unfit for human consumption. Though the department is providing inputs for control of this menace on subsidized costs but still people do not come forth for adopting control measures. If this situation continues the entire fruit of the district is likely to become infested in near future. 3. Evaluation Team:- (i) Non Disclosure of Land: - The team observed that the beneficiaries are not providing reliable information about the land holding i.e land lease in, lease out, land under horticulture, agriculture etc this cause the problems in evaluating the study & accuracy of yield. (ii) Lack of Interest:- The beneficiaries specially under Diskit Block were having less interest in horticulture activities as they have main and alternative source of income like tourism, contractor, Army
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 13
potter etc. Where they get handsome earnings resulting they do not respond to the evaluation team properly. (iii) Difficulty in finding the respondents:- One of the main difficulty faced by the evaluation team is to contact the respondents like beneficiaries , non- beneficiaries & knowledgeable persons specially in the area like LADAKH region which is having vast geographical area and scattered population in nature. (iv) Mobility: - The team faced huge problem to go to field time and again as due to non availability of regular transport services to the blocks like Diskit & Khaltsi for these areas the team has to cross the highest motor able roads of the world, like khardongla.
4. Beneficiaries:- (I) Absence of Market:- During the evaluation study it has been observed that in whole of the leh district there is no availability of market for the horticulture products, due to absence of this market facilities the beneficiaries won’t get motivation to boost their production resulting is their ready product gets perished in their orchards itself at large scale. (II) Non Availability of entrepreneurship :-While enquiring from the beneficiaries it has been observed that the beneficiaries are strongly looking for entrepreneurs both from Government & Private sectors. (III) Training awareness: - Although the department annually provides three times on spot training / demonstration on horticulture skills to the farmers. But most of the beneficiaries were not aware of the training, provided by the horticulture department resulting lack of technical knowledge. (IV) Not so Profitable Sector :-during the field study it has been comes to the notice of the team that the horticulture sector is not so profitable due to certain shortcomings viz:- absence of market, non availability of entrepreneurship etc
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 14
Chapter V
Summary of Findings and Suggestion (Block Wise) :- FINDINGS: - Leh, being a unique agro-climatic region of the world, bears a huge potential for niche horticulture production, like apricot and apple However, the traditional agricultural practices have barely generated any surplus for the communities and rarely fulfil the complete food requirements of the people. Therefore, there was a need to explore avenues of income generation through value addition and fresh marketing networks. There was also a need to create a distinct Ladakhi brand of horticultural products and it is beyond doubt that Horticulture Department in Leh is trying its best efforts to explore avenues and leave no stone un turn, their efforts can clearly seen on fields in spite of this the evaluation team found some points which needs to be watch and this is with intension for welfare of department and these findings & suggestion block wise are as under:-
1. Diskit Block: - The Evaluation team started their evaluation studies from the Diskit Block and to reach this block the team has crossed the highest motorable road of the world i.e Khardongla pass the Evaluation team found good efforts were made by the department at Diskit block. But the observation is that the department has to put more efforts to encourage the farmers to take active participation in improvising their orchards as the farmers of these areas are not having that much interest in horticulture activities and the main reason were found that their main source of income is in tourism, contractual works, army potters etc as their main and good source of income. The fruits are not properly use by the farmers and mostly they don’t bother about its production & marketing, the team observed that they don’t pick the fruits from orchards, resulting huge loss and less care of fruit trees. Though the production of apricot in the Turtuk and Bogdang areas is very good. One main reason for less interest is lack of marketing facilities in peak season.
2. Khaltsi Block: - The team found that the farmers are keenly interested in horticulture sector as they are earning good income out of this and this is due to being traditional horticulture belt, Irrespective of that most of the farmers are thankful to the department for their efforts & subsidies provided in terms of tools, fruit plants, Osmotic dehydration sets, poly green sheets, fencing etc with this the farmers put thrust on training programmes schedules as they are not much aware of training dates. The most of the fruits and dry fruits are famous from this belt and the farmers not only produce for themselves but they put extra effort for fetching their fruits into the market.
3. Chuchot Block: - Irrespective of adverse soil in chuchot Block, the evaluation team has found a good interest in horticulture sector by the villagers, efforts of farmers are highly appreciable. The Horticulture Department is providing all the possible support to this Block, also for improvising the technique of farming. Varieties of fruits are grown in this block, which was not in practice earlier. Although the farmers are not having fruits on large scale but having self sufficient fruits which they keep in stock for long winter season for their own consumption. The schemes like orchard fencing is a good initiative in entire block and the real evident of its effectiveness can be seen from this block. Over all the activities of the department is good in field & providing the best as per the resources they are having in their kitty.
4. Suggestions: -
The evaluation team suggests Horticulture Department/Cooperative Department to find out, the easily accessible fruit market in Diskit block so that ready fruits lying in the orchards may get some reasonable market and wastages get minimised accordingly.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 15
The mind set up of farmers in Diskit Block need to change specially like Turtuk, Bogdang, Tyakshi & Thang villages where farmers are least interested in horticulture iinspite of favourable soil & climatic conditions. Traditional belt viz Khalsti need to be prioritized on least for providing subsidies, as eager farmers are ample in these areas , as the department is with limited budget under the scheme same could use to promote in non traditional belts like Nobra, Chuchot, kharu and some parts of Rong area Although Subsidies like orchard fencing is boosting the farmers to grow more fruits in their orchards but as per present ceiling the subsidy is not that sufficient for the farmers to meet out the actual cost and as such it is advised to enhance the present ceiling adequately. Need to increase in awareness of training programmes by the department, although the department is providing training to farmers but most of the farmers were unaware of it, resulting less output. The fruit plants provided on subsidy to farmers need to check on regular intervals, as many orchards in chuchot block is having less survival rates The pesticides are not used by most of farmers on religious ground, resulting loss in fruits, in this regard the department need to make understand the farmers the side effect of codling moth. The farmers are lacking with a good fruit market in Leh district so the department need to identify a market where buyer meets seller vice a versa. The success of various schemes of the department is very much depends on the field staff as such all vacant post should be filled accordingly, as most of the technical posts are lying vacant. In addition to it keeping in view of vast geographical area of the district some technical post needs to be created for the welfare and improvement in horticulture sector. Specialized training to the field staff should be provided from time to time to meet the challenges like the latest catastrophes of (codling moth) which has been broke in the lower belt of the Leh district The department is advised to organize training programmes /workshop in collaboration with central institute like DIHAR (Defence Institute of High Altitude Research) on regular intervals more often. Although the department as well as the farmers are adopting the new technology as well as the hybrid plants which is good for the commercial point of view , at the same time it is advised that the indigenous species especially the apple varieties like Tha kushoo & Mongool kushuu (Local name)should be protected through the establishment of seed bank. Similarly the department as well as the farmers should strengthen the organic/traditional horticulture farming practice. Most of the orchards are having same traditional fruits viz Apricot & Apples. The evaluation team has seen few different fruits like strawberry, peach, grapes, etc at some spots only. Here the team suggest the department to encourage the farmers not to restrict on traditional fruit but also need to grow other such fruits. Although the fruits like apricots are perishables in nature, but at the same time the scope of oil extraction from its seeds is very high and same needs to be promote through proper marketing. During the evaluation study the team has found a dedicated entrepreneur at Domkhar village in khalsti Block who use to bring the dry fruits etc in form of proper attractive packages & earning handsome income. The Department should facilitate the fruits growers by providing subsidy for attractive packaging of fruits & fruits products. This will encourage to buyers, resulting more sale and accordingly more production.
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 16
Photographs of Some beneficiaries.
Some Pictures of Different Fruit Shows, at various Locations by the Department.
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Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 18
Evaluation Study of 50% subsidy on fruit plantation/fencing of orchard Horticulture Department
Schedule 1 (Schedule for Department) Reference Period for last three financial Years (2011-12 to 2013-14) Date of Survey______1. Name of the Department ______2. a) Number of ongoing Horticulture Project under 50% Subsidy on fruit Plantation Fencing of Orchards i) State/District Plan______ii) CSS______iii) Others if any______b) No of Persons Benefited:______i) State/District Plan ______ii) CSS______iii) Others if any______
3. Physical Achievements (2011-12 to 2013-14) S.N Year No. Of projects Set No of Person No’s of on going No. of TS/AA Accorded O up under Benefited under schemes under under 1 2011-12 Plan CSS Others Pla CS Others Pla CS Others Plan CSS Others n S n S
2 2012-13
3 2013-14
Note:-scheme wise/year wise beneficiaries list to be enclosed
4 . Financial Achievements (2011-12 to 2013-14) ( Rs in lacs) S.NO Year Allocation Project Wise Expenditure Project Wise 1 2011-12 Plan CSS Others Plan CSS Others
2 2012-13
3 2013-14
5. Incentives/Package given to beneficiaries S. Year fruit Barbed Tools Fertilize Osmotic Amount Poly Others N Plants Wire/ Kit set r Dehydratio of green O in Chain in In(Qtls) ns Sets .in Subsidy Sheets (Nos) link (Nos) (Nos) fencing in (Qtls) 1 2011-12 2 2012-13 3 2013-14 Note:-scheme wise/year wise beneficiaries list to be enclosed
Sig &Seal of the Head of the Department
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 19
Evaluation Study of 50% subsidy on fruit plantation/fencing of orchard Horticulture Department
(Schedule II) Schedule for Beneficiary Reference Period (2011-12 to 2013-14) Date of Survey______
A. Identification. 1. Name of the beneficiary ______2. Name of the informant ______3. Name of the Village______4. Horticulture Zone______5. Block______6. District ______
B .Land Particulars of the Household (in Kanals)
1. Land owned______2. Land leased in______3. Land leased out______4. Net area possessed______5. Area under agriculture______6. Area under Horticulture______7. No of fruits bearing trees(Apricot, Apple, Walnut etc )______8. Total Yield under Horticulture (in Quintals) in a year______C. Scheme /Programme 1. Name of the Scheme______2. Area Covered under the scheme______3. Area fenced properly Yes/No______4. Type of fencing material______D. Type of Incentives provided by the Department for fruit plantation/fencing of orchard. 1. Number’s of plants (Apricot/apple)any other 2. Fencing materials:- a) Barbed Wire______b) Chain Link______c) Others______3. Total Estimate Cost______4. Amount of subsidy provided/______5. Type of fertilizer provided______6. No of plant issued 7. No of plants survive E. Others 1. Whether technical guidance/training provided by the horticulture department Yes/No If yes weather the training was effective or not ------2. Approximate quantity of the yield in a year Units in (Qtls) a) 2011-12______b) 2012-13______c) 2013-14______3. Likely income generation in a year ______4. Any suggestions about the Scheme______
Signature/Thumb impression Of Beneficiary Dated :- Signature of the Field Investigator Dated:-
Evaluation Study on 50% subsidy for Dev. of Orchard (Horticulture Deptt.) by DSEO Leh 20
Evaluation Study of 50% subsidy on fruit plantation/fencing of orchard Horticulture Department
(Schedule III) Schedule for Non Beneficiary Reference Period (2011-12 to 2013-14) Date of Survey______
A. Identification. 7. Name of the Non Beneficiary ______8. Name of the informant ______9. Name of the Village______10. Horticulture Zone______11. Block______12. District ______13. Are you aware of various schemes of Horticulture Department (Yes/No) 14. If yes than you are in favour of the scheme (Fruit Plantation/fencing of orchard (Yes/No) 15. If No give detail______
10. Reasons for being non- Beneficiary ______
Signature/Thumb impression Of Non Beneficiary Dated :- Signature of the Field Investigator Dated:-
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Evaluation Study of 50% subsidy on fruit plantation/fencing of orchard Horticulture Department
(Schedule IV) Schedule for Knowledgeable Persons Reference Period (2011-12 to 2013-14) Date of Survey______B. Identification. 16. Name of the Knowledgeable Persons ______17. Age and Educational Qualification of Knowledgeable Persons______18. Name of the Village ______19. Horticulture Zone______20. Block______21. District______
C. Knowledge about various schemes of Horticulture Department:- 1) Being knowledgeable persons do you know that the people are aware about the various schemes of Horticulture Department? 2) How would you like to rate these schemes. I) Incentives/Subsidy for protection of orchards
Poor Average Good
II) Distribution of Nursery/Fruits Plants
Poor Average Good
III) Distribution of Fertilizers/Pesticides
Poor Average Good
IV) Distributions of Tool/ Implements
Poor Average Good
V) Distribution of Osmotic Dehydration sets
Poor Average Good
VI) Imparting trainings to the farmer
Poor Average Good
D. Suggestions of Knowledgeable Persons for bringing about improvement in the above mentioned scheme______
Signature/Thumb impression Of the Knowledgeable Persons Dated:-
Signature of the Field Investigator Dated:-
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