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News Analysis (20 Feb, 2021)
News Analysis (20 Feb, 2021) drishtiias.com/current-affairs-news-analysis-editorials/news-analysis/20-02-2021/print Transatlantic Alliance Why in News The USA President Joe Biden in his first address to the annual Munich Security Conference declared that the 'transatlantic alliance is back' and stressed the need to defend democracy around the world. The USA President intended to improve the strained relationship between the USA and other European allies. The Munich Security Conference is an annual conference on international security policy that has taken place in Munich, Bavaria (Germany) since 1963. Key Points 1/21 About: The Transatlantic Alliance has been the cornerstone of the post-World War II world order. It is a real-world expression of West - of a sense that both sides of Atlantic are in it together. It is the foundation on which the collective security and shared prosperity of the USA and Europe are built. However, this historic, long-established friendship between the world’s two largest economies has become strained in recent years. Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP): T-TIP is an ambitious, comprehensive, and high-standard trade and investment agreement being negotiated between the United States and the European Union (EU). The TTIP negotiations were launched in 2013 and ended without conclusion at the end of 2016. T-TIP will be a cutting edge agreement aimed at providing greater compatibility and transparency in trade and investment regulation, while maintaining high levels of health, safety, and environmental protection. Reason for Strained Relations: The Donald Trump (former) administration flaunted its foreign policy through an “America First” lens. -
Distribution of Bufotes Latastii (Boulenger, 1882), Endemic to the Western Himalaya
Alytes, 2018, 36 (1–4): 314–327. Distribution of Bufotes latastii (Boulenger, 1882), endemic to the Western Himalaya 1* 1 2,3 4 Spartak N. LITVINCHUK , Dmitriy V. SKORINOV , Glib O. MAZEPA & LeO J. BORKIN 1Institute Of Cytology, Russian Academy Of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia. 2Department of Ecology and EvolutiOn, University of LauSanne, BiOphOre Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. 3 Department Of EvOlutiOnary BiOlOgy, EvOlutiOnary BiOlOgy Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 4ZoOlOgical Institute, Russian Academy Of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. PeterSburg 199034, Russia. * CorreSpOnding author <[email protected]>. The distribution of Bufotes latastii, a diploid green toad species, is analyzed based on field observations and literature data. 74 localities are known, although 7 ones should be confirmed. The range of B. latastii is confined to northern Pakistan, Kashmir Valley and western Ladakh in India. All records of “green toads” (“Bufo viridis”) beyond this region belong to other species, both to green toads of the genus Bufotes or to toads of the genus Duttaphrynus. B. latastii is endemic to the Western Himalaya. Its allopatric range lies between those of bisexual triploid green toads in the west and in the east. B. latastii was found at altitudes from 780 to 3200 m above sea level. Environmental niche modelling was applied to predict the potential distribution range of the species. Altitude was the variable with the highest percent contribution for the explanation of the species distribution (36 %). urn:lSid:zOobank.Org:pub:0C76EE11-5D11-4FAB-9FA9-918959833BA5 INTRODUCTION Bufotes latastii (fig. 1) iS a relatively cOmmOn green toad species which spreads in KaShmir Valley, Ladakh and adjacent regiOnS Of nOrthern India and PakiStan. -
Himalaya Insight Special
HIMALAYA INSIGHT SPECIAL Duration: 08 Nights / 09 Days (Validity: May to September) Destinations Covered: Leh, Monasteries, Sham Valley, Indus Valley, Tsomoriri Lake, Tsokar Lake, Pangong Lake, Turtuk & Nubra Valley The Journey Begins Now! DAY 01: ARRIVE LEH Arrival Leh Kushok Bakula Airport (This must be one of the MOST SENSATIONAL FLIGHTS IN THE WORLD. On a clear day from one side of the aircraft can be seen in the distance the peaks of K2, Nanga Parbat, Gasherbrum and on the other side of the aircraft, so close that you feel you could reach out and touch it, is the Nun Kun massif.) Upon arrival you will met by our representative and transfer to Hotel for Check in. Complete day for rest and leisure to acclimatize followed by Welcome tea or Coffee at the Hotel. Evening Visit to LEH MARKET & SHANTI STUPA. Dinner & Overnight at Hotel. DAY 02: LEH TO SHAM VALLEY (92 KMS / 4 HRS) After breakfast you drive downstream along the River Indus on Leh – Kargil Highway. Enroute visiting GURUDWARA PATTHAR SAHIB Nestled deep in the Himalayas, which was built by the Lamas of Leh in 1517 to commemorate the visit of Guru Nanak Dev. A drive of another 4 km took us to MAGNETIC HILL which defies the law of gravity. It has been noticed that when a vehicle is parked on neutral gear on this metallic road the vehicle slides up & further Driving through a picturesque landscape we reached the CONFLUENCE OF THE INDUS AND ZANSKAR RIVER 4 km before Nimmu village, Just before Saspul a road to the right takes you for your visit to the LIKIR MONASTERY. -
Durbuk Shyok Hydroelectric Project 19 MW (2 X 9.5 MW) J&K State Power Development Corporation Ltd
Durbuk Shyok Hydroelectric Project 19 MW (2 X 9.5 MW) J&K State Power Development Corporation Ltd. E - REQUEST FOR QUALIFICATION (INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVE BIDDING) E-RFQ No: JKSPDC/PMDP/DSHEP/10101-08 Dated: 13.03.2018 1. JAMMU & KASHMIR POWER DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LIMITED, (hereinafter referred to as “the JKSPDC" or "the Owner”) an Enterprise of Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, India, responsible for planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of Power Projects in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, India, proposes to construct Durbuk Shyok Hydroelectric Power Project of 19 MW (2 X 9.5 MW) capacity located on river Tangtse/ Durbuk Gong in District Leh, Jammu & Kashmir, India, through International Competitive Bidding (ICB) under EPC Turnkey Lump Sum Fixed Cost Basis. 2. The JKSPDC hereby invites the E - Request for Qualification (herein after also referred to as the "RFQ" or "Prequalification") from the eligible Applicants (single entity or a JV or a consortium) from any country or area in the world subject to Govt of India regulations, for Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) of Durbuk Shyok Hydroelectric Power Project (19 MW) located on river Tangtse/ Durbuk Gong in District Leh, Jammu & Kashmir, India. 3. Accordingly, bids are invited from bidders who comply and satisfy eligibility criteria given in the detailed E-RFQ available on the e-tendering portal www.jktenders.gov.in for shortlisting the bidders found eligible for the aforesaid proposal. 4. The Tender Documents can be downloaded from e-tendering portal of J&K Government www.jktenders.gov.in . The tendering process shall proceed as per the following Schedule of Events: S. -
Leh Highlights
LEH HIGHLIGHTS 08 NIGHTS / 09 DAYS DELHI – LEH – SHEY – HEMIS – THIKSEY – LEH – NUBRA – ALCHI – LIKIR – LAMAYURU – PANGONG - LEH – DEPARTURE TOUR PROGRAMME: Day 01 ARRIVE DELHI Arrive at Delhi International airport. Upon arrival, you will be met by your car with chauffeur for the short transfer to your hotel for night stay. Rest of the day free. Night in Delhi Day 02: Fly to Leh (via Flight) (11562 i.e. 3524 mts) After breakfast, in time fly to Leh. On arrival you will be met our representative and drive towards the hotel. Welcome drink on arrival. We recommend you completely relax for the rest of the day to enable yourselves to acclimatize to the rarefied air at the high altitude. Dinner and night stay at Hotel in Leh. Day 03: Leh to Shey/Hemis/ Thiksey – Leh (70 Km. (3-4 hours Approx.) After breakfast visit Shey, Hemis, & Thiksey Monastery.Hemis – which is dedicated to Padmasambhava, what a visitor can observes a series of scenes in which the lamas, robed in gowns of rich, brightly colored brocade and sporting masks sometimes bizarrely hideous, parade in solemn dance and mime around the huge flag pole in the center of the courtyard to the plaintive melody of the Shawn. Thiksey –is one of the largest and most impressive Gompas. There are several temples in this Gompa containing images, stupas and exquisite wall paintings. It also houses a two ‐ storied statue of Buddha which has the main prayer hall around its shoulder. Shey – it was the ancient capital of Ladakh and even after Singe Namgyal built the more imposing palace at Leh, the kings continued to regard Shey, as their real home. -
Ethnobotany of Ladakh (India) Plants Used in Health Care
T. Ethnobivl, 8(2);185-194 Winter 1988 ETHNOBOTANY OF LADAKH (INDIA) PLANTS USED IN HEALTH CARE G. M. BUTH and IRSHAD A. NAVCHOO Department of Botany University of Kashmir Srinagar 190006 India ABSTRACf.-This paper puts on record the ethnobotanical information of some plants used by inhabitants of Ladakh (India) for medicine, A comparison of the uses of these plants in Ladakh and other parts of India reveal that 21 species have varied uses while 19 species are not reported used. INTRODUCTION Ladakh (elev. 3000-59G(}m), the northernmost part of India is one of the most elevated regions of the world with habitation up to 55(}(}m. The general aspect is of barren topography. The climate is extremely dry with scanty rainfall and very little snowfall (Kachroo et al. 1976). The region is traditionally rich in ethnic folklore and has a distinct culture as yet undisturbed by external influences. The majority of the population is Buddhist and follow their own system of medicine, which has been in vogue for centuries and is extensively practiced. It offers interesting insight into an ancient medical profession. The system of medicine is the"Amchi system" (Tibetan system) and the practi tioner, an"Amchi." The system has something in common with the "Unani" (Greek) and"Ayurvedic" (Indian) system of medicine. Unani is the traditional system which originated in the middle east and was followed and developed in the Muslim world; whereas the Ayurvedic system is that followed by Hindus since Rig vedic times. Both are still practiced in India. Though all the three systems make USe of herbs (fresh and dry), minerals, animal products, etc., the Amchi system, having evolved in its special environment, has its own characteristics. -
23D Markha Valley Trek
P.O Box: 26106 Kathmandu Address: Thamel, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: +977 1 5312359 Fax: +977 1 5351070 Email: [email protected] India: 23d Markha Valley Trek Grade: Easy Altitude: 5,150 m. Tent Days: 10 Highlights: Markha Valley Trekking is one of the most varied and beautiful treks of Nepal. It ventures high into the Himalayas crossing two passes over 4575m. As it circles from the edges of the Indus Valley, down into parts of Zanskar. The trekking route passes through terrain which changes from incredibly narrow valleys to wide-open vast expanses. Markha valley trek becomes more interesting by the ancient form of Buddhism that flourishes in the many monasteries. The landscape of this trek is perched with high atop hills. The trails are decorated by elaborate “charters”(shrines) and “Mani”(prayer) walls. That further exemplifies the region’s total immersion in Buddhist culture. As we trek to the upper end of the Markha Valley, we are rewarded with spectacular views of jagged snow-capped peaks before crossing the 5150m Kongmaru La (Pass) and descending to the famous Hemis Monastery, where we end our trek. This trekking is most enjoyable for those who want to explore the ancient Buddhism with beautiful views of Himalayas. Note: B=Breakfast, L= Lunch, D=Dinner Day to day: Day 1: Arrival at Delhi o/n in Hotel : Reception at the airport, transfer and overnight at hotel. Day 2: Flight to Leh (3500m) o/n in Hotel +B: Transfer to domestic airport in the morning flight to Leh. Transfer to hotel, leisurely tour of the city to acclimatize: the old bazaar, the Palace, the Shanti Stupa, mosque; afternoon free. -
OU1901 092-099 Feature Cycling Ladakh
Cycling Ladakh Catching breath on the road to Rangdum monastery PICTURE CREDIT: Stanzin Jigmet/Pixel Challenger Breaking the There's much more to Kate Leeming's pre- Antarctic expeditions than preparation. Her journey in the Indian Himalaya was equally about changing peoples' lives. WORDS Kate Leeming 92 93 Cycling Ladakh A spectacular stream that eventually flows into the Suru River, on the 4,000m plains near Rangdum nergy was draining from my legs. My heart pounded hard and fast, trying to replenish my oxygen deficit. I gulped as much of the rarified air as I could, without great success; at 4,100m, the atmospheric oxygen is at just 11.5 per cent, compared to 20.9 per cent at sea level. As I continued to ascend towards the snow-capped peaks around Sirsir La pass, the temperature plummeted and my body, drenched in a lather of perspiration, Estarted to get cold, further sapping my energy stores. Sirsir La, at 4,828m, is a few metres higher than Europe’s Mont Blanc, and I was just over half way up the continuous 1,670m ascent to get there. This physiological response may have been a reality check, but it was no surprise. The ride to the remote village of Photoksar on the third day of my altitude cycling expedition in the Indian Himalaya had always loomed as an enormous challenge, and I was not yet fully acclimatised. I drew on experience to pace myself: keeping the pedals spinning in a low gear, trying to relax as much as possible and avoiding unnecessary exertion. -
The Alchi Monastery Life, Learnings and More from Ladakh by Prof
D’source 1 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource The Alchi Monastery Life, learnings and more from Ladakh by Prof. Sumant Rao and Ruchi Shah IDC, IIT Bombay Source: http://www.dsource.in/resource/alchi-monastery 1. Alchi Village 2. Alchi Monastery 3. Contact Details D’source 2 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource Alchi Village The Alchi Monastery Life, learnings and more from Ladakh Alchi is a small village about 70 kms away from the city of Leh. The first impression one gets, is how the location by of a famous monastery has lent its identity to this small but scenic village that has sprung up with small cafes, Prof. Sumant Rao and Ruchi Shah craft shops, and home stays. IDC, IIT Bombay Interestingly it is one of the oldest monasteries, but its lies on a lowland and not high up on a hilltop. The unique style and workmanship is influenced by the Kashimiri style of architecture and painting. Source: http://www.dsource.in/resource/alchi-monastery/ alchi-village 1. Alchi Village 2. Alchi Monastery 3. Contact Details The Alchi village. D’source 3 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource The Alchi Monastery Life, learnings and more from Ladakh by Prof. Sumant Rao and Ruchi Shah IDC, IIT Bombay Source: http://www.dsource.in/resource/alchi-monastery/ alchi-village 1. Alchi Village 2. Alchi Monastery 3. Contact Details Handcrafted puppets at the various craft shops in Alchi. D’source 4 Digital Learning Environment for Design - www.dsource.in Design Resource The Alchi Monastery Life, learnings and more from Ladakh by Prof. -
General Awareness Capsule for AFCAT II 2021 14 Points of Jinnah (March 9, 1929) Phase “II” of CDM
General Awareness Capsule for AFCAT II 2021 1 www.teachersadda.com | www.sscadda.com | www.careerpower.in | Adda247 App General Awareness Capsule for AFCAT II 2021 Contents General Awareness Capsule for AFCAT II 2021 Exam ............................................................................ 3 Indian Polity for AFCAT II 2021 Exam .................................................................................................. 3 Indian Economy for AFCAT II 2021 Exam ........................................................................................... 22 Geography for AFCAT II 2021 Exam .................................................................................................. 23 Ancient History for AFCAT II 2021 Exam ............................................................................................ 41 Medieval History for AFCAT II 2021 Exam .......................................................................................... 48 Modern History for AFCAT II 2021 Exam ............................................................................................ 58 Physics for AFCAT II 2021 Exam .........................................................................................................73 Chemistry for AFCAT II 2021 Exam.................................................................................................... 91 Biology for AFCAT II 2021 Exam ....................................................................................................... 98 Static GK for IAF AFCAT II 2021 ...................................................................................................... -
Field Guide Mammals of Ladakh ¾-Hðgå-ÅÛ-Hýh-ºiô-;Ým-Mû-Ç+Ô¼-¾-Zçàz-Çeômü
Field Guide Mammals of Ladakh ¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-hÝh-ºIô-;Ým-mÛ-Ç+ô¼-¾-zÇÀz-Çeômü Tahir Shawl Jigmet Takpa Phuntsog Tashi Yamini Panchaksharam 2 FOREWORD Ladakh is one of the most wonderful places on earth with unique biodiversity. I have the privilege of forwarding the fi eld guide on mammals of Ladakh which is part of a series of bilingual (English and Ladakhi) fi eld guides developed by WWF-India. It is not just because of my involvement in the conservation issues of the state of Jammu & Kashmir, but I am impressed with the Ladakhi version of the Field Guide. As the Field Guide has been specially produced for the local youth, I hope that the Guide will help in conserving the unique mammal species of Ladakh. I also hope that the Guide will become a companion for every nature lover visiting Ladakh. I commend the efforts of the authors in bringing out this unique publication. A K Srivastava, IFS Chief Wildlife Warden, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir 3 ÇSôm-zXôhü ¾-hÐGÅ-mÛ-ºWÛG-dïm-mP-¾-ÆôG-VGÅ-Ço-±ôGÅ-»ôh-źÛ-GmÅ-Å-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-ŸÛG-»Ûm-môGü ¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-Å-GmÅ-;Ým-¾-»ôh-qºÛ-Åï¤Å-Tm-±P-¤ºÛ-MãÅ-‚Å-q-ºhÛ-¾-ÇSôm-zXôh-‚ô-‚Å- qôºÛ-PºÛ-¾Å-ºGm-»Ûm-môGü ºÛ-zô-P-¼P-W¤-¤Þ-;-ÁÛ-¤Û¼-¼Û-¼P-zŸÛm-D¤-ÆâP-Bôz-hP- ºƒï¾-»ôh-¤Dm-qôÅ-‚Å-¼ï-¤m-q-ºÛ-zô-¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-Ç+h-hï-mP-P-»ôh-‚Å-qôº-È-¾Å-bï-»P- zÁh- »ôPÅü Åï¤Å-Tm-±P-¤ºÛ-MãÅ-‚ô-‚Å-qô-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-¾ÛÅ-GŸôm-mÝ-;Ým-¾-wm-‚Å-¾-ºwÛP-yï-»Ûm- môG ºô-zôºÛ-;-mÅ-¾-hÐGÅ-ÅÛ-h¤ÛGÅ-zž-Tm-mÛ-Åï¤Å-Tm-ÆâP-BôzÅ-¾-wm-qºÛ-¼Û-zô-»Ûm- hôm-m-®ôGÅ-¾ü ¼P-zŸÛm-D¤Å-¾-ºfh-qô-»ôh-¤Dm-±P-¤-¾ºP-wm-fôGÅ-qºÛ-¼ï-z-»Ûmü ºhÛ-®ßGÅ-ºô-zM¾-¤²h-hï-ºƒÛ-¤Dm-mÛ-ºhÛ-hqï-V-zô-q¼-¾-zMz-Çeï-Çtï¾-hGôÅ-»Ûm-môG Íï-;ï-ÁÙÛ-¶Å-b-z-ͺÛ-Íïw-ÍôÅ- mGÅ-±ôGÅ-Åï¤Å-Tm-ÆâP-Bôz-Çkï-DG-GÛ-hqôm-qô-G®ô-zô-W¤- ¤Þ-;ÁÛ-¤Û¼-GŸÝP.ü 4 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The fi eld guide is the result of exhaustive work by a large number of people. -
Ladakh Package
Office: Karma Lodge, Near Shanti Stupa. Leh 194101 Ladakh, India M: +91 7780852447 WhatsApp : + 91 9469515545 W: www.naturetrackstours.com E-Mail : [email protected] : [email protected] : [email protected] RECOGNIZED BY TOURISM DEPARTMENT OF LADAKH GOVT, OF INDIA REGISTRATION NO: TRM/TR 2010 GST. NO. 01BDAPD9400M1Z LADAKH PACKAGE TOUR NAME: SWAGATAM LADAKH DURATION: 5 NIGHTS, 6 DAYS ROUTE: LEH TOWN, NUBRA VALLEY, SHAM VALLEY, PANGONG LAKE ITINERARY Day 1: Arrival Leh by flight & transfer to Hotel. Arrival Leh Kushok Bakula Airport. Upon arrival you will be welcome & met by our representative and transfer to Hotel for check in followed by welcome tea or coffee. Complete half day for rest acclimatize and Lunch will be serve in Hotel. Afternoon at 3:30 PM visit Shanti Stupa & Leh Market. Dinner and overnight stay at Leh in Jorchung Hotel or similar. Day 2: Full day sightseeing of Sham valley (140 km 6 – 7 hrs). Today after breakfast at 9:00 AM leave to sightseeing around toward Sham valley; Hall of fame Museum, Spituk monastery, Gurdwara Pather Sahib, Magnetic Hill, confluence of Indus & Zanskar River. After photography at panoramic view of confluence drive straight to Alchi village on the way panoramic view of village and you will be reached Alchi village at 1:00 or 2:00 PM and have your Lunch in Zimkhang Holiday restaurant. After Lunch visit 11th century Alchi Choskor monastery listed in world heritage site. After sightseeing of Alchi monastery return back Leh by same route and you will be reached Leh at 5:00 or 6:00 PM.