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SERIES - 2 PART XII-A

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

LEH

VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY

Directorate of Census Operations, Jammu & Kashmir

MOTIF

Pangong Lake

Situated at a height of about 13,900 ft, the name Pangong is a derivative of the Tibetan word Banggong Co meaning "long, narrow, enchanted lake". One third of the lake is in India while the remaining two thirds lies in Tibet, which is controlled by China. Majority of the streams which fill the lake are located on the Tibetan side. Pangong Tso is about five hours drive from Leh in Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir. The route passes through beautiful Ladakh countryside, over Chang La, the third highest motorable mountain pass (5289 m) in the world. The first glimpse of the serene, bright blue waters and rocky lakeshore remains etched in the memory of tourists. There is a narrow ramp-like formation of land running into the lake which is also a favorite with tourists. During winter the lake freezes completely, despite being saline water. The salt water lake does not support vegetation or aquatic life except for some small crustaceans. However, there are lots of water birds. The lake acts as an important breeding ground for a large variety of migratory birds like Brahmani Ducks, are black necked cranes and Seagulls. One can also spot Ladakhi Marmots, the rodent-like creatures which can grow up to the size of a small dog. Pangong Tso lies on the Sino-Indian Line of Actual Control and hence requires an Inner Line Permit. Most of the lake is in Chinese-controlled territory. Owing to Pangong’s proximity to the border, tourists are only allowed to visit the lake upto the Spangmik village. For the hardcore adventure lovers, there is a camping site on the shore of Pangong. But do remember that the weather tends to get harsh after dusk. The place is a photographers’ delight and camping is the only option if you wish to see the sunset and the sunrise. The place is under consideration for inclusion in Ramsar Convention for the conservation of wetlands. When it happens, Pangong Tso will be the first trans-boundary wetland in South Asia under the convention. The lake has become a star attraction after being featured in the Rajkumar Hirani’s blockbuster 3 idiots. On October 20, 1962, Pangong Tso saw military action during the Sino-Indian border conflict. Pangong Tso is still a delicate border point along the Line of Actual Control and for security reasons

Contents Page No.

Foreword 1 Preface 3 Acknowledgements 4 History and Scope of the District Census Handbook 6 Brief History of the District 7 Analytical Note 9- (i) Physical Features 10 (a) Location and size, (b) physiography, (c) Drainage, (d) Climate 11-32 (ii) Census Concepts 33-41 (iii) Non-Census concepts 42-55 (iv) 2011 Census findings 56 (a) Distribution of population in rural-urban areas, 56 (b) size class and status of towns, Population Growth, Density and Sex Ratio, Work 57-59 participation rate, Literacy, Religion, Availability of University education in the District,

(c) Mother Tongue, Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes of earlier Censuses. 60 (v) Brief analysis of PCA data based on inset tables 1 to 35. 61-87 (vi) Brief analysis of the Village Directory and Town Directory data based on inset tables 88-96 36 to 45. (vii) Major social and cultural events, natural and administrative developments and 97 significant activities during the decade. (viii) Brief description of places of religious, historical or archaeological importance in 101 villages and places of tourist interest in the towns of the district. (ix) Major characteristics of the district, contribution of the district in the form of any 109 historical figure associated with the district (x) Scope of village and Town Directory - column heading wise explanation and coverage of 113 data.

Village and Town Directory Notes explaining the abbreviations used in the Village Directory 116-197 Section I - Village Directory 122 (a) (i) List of Villages Merged in Towns and Outgrowths at Census 2011 125 (ii) List of Villages as Outgrowths in Census 2011 125 (b) C.D. Block Leh 126 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 127 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 128-133 (c) C.D. Block Nymo 134 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 135 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 136-141 (d) C.D. Block Chuchat 142 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 143 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 144-149 (e) C.D. Block Kharu 150 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 151 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 152-157 (f) C.D. Block Durbok 158 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 159 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 160-165 (g) C.D. Block Nubra 166 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 167 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 168-173 (h) C.D. Block Panamic 174 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 175 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 176-181 (i) C.D. Block Khalsi 182 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 183 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 184-189 (j) C.D. Block Suspol 190 (i) Alphabetical list of Villages along with location code 2001 and 2011. 191 (ii) Village Directory in prescribed format. 192-197

(d) Appendices to Village Directory 199-214 Appendix - I : Summary showing total number villages having Educational, Medical and 199 other amenities in villages - C.D. Block level. Appendix - I A :Villages by number of Primary Schools. 202 Appendix - I B :Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools. 202 Appendix - I C : Villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available. 203 Appendix - II :Villages with 5,000 and above population which do not have one or more 203 amenities available. Appendix - III :Land utilization data in respect of Census Towns. 203 Appendix - IV :C.D. Block wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity other than 204 drinking water facility is available. Appendix - V :Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Caste 204 population. Appendix - VI :Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Tribe 204 Population. Appendix - VII A :List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Castes to the 205 total population by ranges. Appendix - VII B :List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Tribes to the 209 total population by ranges. Appendix - VIII :Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat (C.D. block wise) 214

Notes explaining the abbreviations used in the Town Directory 216-220

Section II - Town Directory (a) Statement - I Status and Growth History 221 (b) Statement - II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 222 (c) Statement - III Civic and other amenities, 2009 223 (d) Statement - IV Medical Facilities, 2009 224 (e) Statement - V Educational, Recreational and Cultural facilities, 2009 224 (f) Statement -VI Industry and Banking, 2009 225 (g) Statement - VII Civic and other amenities in slums, 2009 226 (h) Appendix to Town Directory - Towns showing their outgrowth with population. 227 FOREWORD

The District Census Handbook (DCHB) is an important publication of the Census Organization since 1951. It contains both Census and non Census data of urban and rural areas for each District. The Census data provide information on demographic and socio-economic characteristics of population at the lowest administrative unit i.e. of each Village and Town and ward of the District. The Primary Census Abstract (PCA) part of this publication contains Census data including data on household amenities collected during 1st phase of the Census i.e. House Listing and Housing Census. The non Census data presented in the DCHB is in the form of Village Directory and Town Directory contain information on various infrastructure facilities available in the village and town viz.; education, medical, drinking water, communication and transport, post and telegraph, electricity, banking, and other miscellaneous facilities. Later on, the Telegraph Services were closed by the Government of India on 15th July, 2013. The data of DCHB are of considerable importance in the context of planning and development at the grass-root level.

2. In the 1961 Census, DCHB provided a descriptive account of the District, administrative statistics, Census tables and Village and Town Directory including Primary Census Abstract. This pattern was changed in 1971 Census and the DCHB was published in three parts: Part-A related to Village and Town Directory, Part-B to Village and Town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, District Census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of Villages. The 1981 Census DCHB was published in two parts: Part-A contained Village and Town Directory and Part-B the PCA of Village and Town including the SCs and STs PCA up to Tahsil/Town levels. New features along with restructuring of the formats of Village and Town Directory were added. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent Village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given.

3. The pattern of 1981 Census was followed by and large for the DCHB of 1991 Census except the format of PCA. It was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four-fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 Census. In addition, sex wise population in 0-6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 Census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 Census was the Community Development Block (CD Block) level presentation of Village Directory and PCA data instead of the traditional Tahsil/Taluk/PS level presentation.

4. As regards DCHB of 2001 Census, the scope of Village Directory was improved by including some other amenities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers & magazines and `most important commodity’ manufactured in a Village in addition to prescribed facilities of earlier Censuses. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums was modified and its coverage was enlarged by including details on all slums instead of ‘notified slums’.

5. The scope and coverage of Village Directory of 2011 DCHB has been widened by including a number of new amenities in addition to those of 2001. These newly added amenities are: Pre- Primary School, Engineering College, Medical College, Management Institute, Polytechnic, Non- formal Training Centre, Special School for Disabled, Community Health Centre, Veterinary Hospital, Mobile Health Clinic, Medical Practitioner with MBBS Degree, Medical Practitioner with no degree, Traditional Practitioner and faith Healer, Medicine Shop, Community Toilet, Rural Sanitary Mart or Sanitary Hardware Outlet in the Village, Community Bio- gas, Sub Post Office, Village Pin Code, Public Call Office, Mobile Phone Coverage, Internet Cafes/ Common Service Centre, Private Courier Facility, Auto/Modified Autos, Taxis and Vans, Tractors, Cycle-pulled Rickshaws, Carts driven by Animals, Village connected to National Highway, State Highway, Major District Road, and Other District Road, Availability of Water Bounded Macadam Roads in Village, ATM, Self-Help Group, Public Distribution System (PDS) Shop, Mandis/Regular Market, Weekly Haat, Agricultural Marketing Society, Nutritional Centers (ICDS), Anganwadi Centre, ASHA

1 (Accredited Social Health Activist), Sports Field, Public Library, Public Reading Room, Assembly Polling station, Birth & Death Registration Office. In the Town Directory, seven Statements containing the details and the data of each Town have been presented viz.; (i) Status and Growth History of Towns, (ii) Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, (iii) Civic and other Amenities, (iv) Medical Facilities, (v) Educational, Recreational & Cultural Facilities, (vi) Industry & Banking, and (vii) Civic & other amenities in Slums respectively. CD Block wise data of Village Directory and Village PCA have been presented in DCHB of 2011 Census as presented in earlier Census.

6. The data of DCHB 2011 Census have been presented in two parts, Part-A contains Village and Town Directory and Part-B contains Village and Town wise Primary Census Abstract. Both the Parts have been published in separate volumes in 2011 Census.

7. The Village and Town level amenities data have been collected, compiled and computerized under the supervision of Ms. T. N. Bindhyeshwari, IAS, Director of Census Operation, Chandigarh. The task of Planning, Designing and Co-ordination of this publication was carried out by Dr. Pratibha Kumari, Assistant Registrar General (SS) under the guidance & supervision of Dr. R.C. Sethi, Ex- Addl. RGI and Shri Deepak Rastogi, present Addl.RGI, Shri A.P. Singh, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of maps. Shri A.K. Arora, Joint Director of Data Processing Division under the overall supervision of Shri M.S. Thapa, Addl. Director (EDP) provided full cooperation in preparation of record structure for digitization and validity checking of Village and Town Directory data and the programme for the generation of Village Directory and Town Directory including various analytical inset tables as well as Primary Census Abstract (PCA). The work of preparation of DCHB, 2011 Census has been monitored in the Social Studies Division. I am thankful to all of them and others who have contributed to bring out this publication in time.

(C. Chandramouli) Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India New Delhi Dated: 16-06-2014

2 PREFACE

The preparedness of District Census handbook (DCHB) is an outcome of State and Centre coordination after compilation of Village and town level data at the CD block level and town level. The publication of District Census Hand Book (DCHB) is in practice since 1951. However, in Jammu & Kashmir state as no Census conducted during 1951 & 1991 due to the conditions prevailing then.

The District Census Handbook has two segments - Part A and Part B. Part A deals with the village & town directory data and Part B primarily deals with Primary Census Abstract of each village and town of the District. Since 2001, the District Census Handbooks are available in electronic format. Part B of 2011 published in 2015.

Manuscript of this book has been prepared with wholehearted cooperation from staff of this office. I am grateful to all of them especially the Jr./Sr. Consultants for their valuable contribution in the accomplishment of this task.

I am deeply grateful to Dr. C. Chandramouli, IAS the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, New Delhi for the valuable guidance and advice at every step till the finalization of this handbook. Collection, compilation of data, and drafting of DCHB Part A has been initiated by the Jr./Sr. Consultants under the able guidance of Sh. Ashutosh Kumar, Statistical Investigator Grade I.

All the corrections suggested by DP Division, New Delhi have been incorporated and tables/annexures made as per corrected final data of 2011 Census. My gratitude to all those who worked on completing the project.

Pardeep Kumar Assistant Director Srinagar, July, 2016

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

OVER ALL SUPERVISION AND GUIDANCE

Shri Surinder Kumar Joint Director & Controlling Officer

EDITING AND SUPERVISION

Shri Bhawani Singh Meena Assistant Director Shri Puneet Mehrotra Assistant Director Shri Pradeep Kumar Negi Assistant Director

DIGITIZATION/COMPILATION OF DATA

Ms Iqra Yousuf Junior Consultant Ms Mehru Rafiq Junior Consultant Ms Taiba Shaheen Junior Consultant Ms Sheikh Ather Un Nabi Junior Consultant

DRAFTING OF ANALYTICAL NOTE

Ms Iqra Yousuf Junior Consultant

SCRUTINY OF DATA

Shri Ashutosh Kumar Statistical Investigator Gr I

PREPARATION OF CRC

Shri B M K Shorey Statistical Investigator Gr I Shri Gurdayal Chand Senior Compiler

ORGI – MAP DIVISION

Shri Manoj Kumar Deputy Registrar General Shri J. P. Purohit Map Officer Shri H. K. Ram Research Officer (Map) Ms Inderjit Kaur Map Analyst

4 ORGI - DATA PROCESING DIVISION

Shri Jaspal Singh Lamba Deputy Director (EDP) Ms. Usha Assistant Director (EDP) Shri Anurag Gupta DPA Grade ‘A’ Shri Mukesh Kumar Mahawar DPA Grade ‘A’ Ms. Shagufta Nasreen Bhat DPA Grade ‘A’ Ms. Shashi Seth Senior Supervisor Shri Khem Verma Jadon Senior Consultant Shri Yashwant Singh Senior Consultant Ms. Archana Khare Junior Consultant

5 HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK

The District Census Handbooks, sometimes called mini district gazetteers, were published for the first time in 1951 as a part of the Census publication programme in almost in all the states of India

except Jammu and Kashmir. The reasons being tribal invasion of 1947-48 no census could be conducted in 1951.

The publication of District Census Handbook series fulfilled a long felt immense need of the district officials as also of data users. The Handbook provided not only the data in the form of Primary Census Abstract but also included a sufficient account of the district and its various aspects. It also provided a vast magnitude of census and non-census data at the grass root level. The data on communication, educational facilities, medical and health amenities, and availability of drinking water, electricity and other basic civic amenities available in each village and town of the district is also incorporated in it. Consequently, the Handbook has been found to be of immense utility to all the departments of the State government for planning and development at all grass-root levels. With the introduction of single line administration at the district level, the utility and importance of these publications for constant use and reference by the district level officers associated with the development of district has increased enormously.

In Jammu and Kashmir, Census of India, 1991 was yet another decennial exercise, which could not be conducted due to disturbance and turmoil in the state. Thus, District Census Handbook, 1991 was also a casualty. This created a vacuum in data collection and their publication, which adversely affected district level planning and development. The planners and other data users were handicapped and were constrained to depend on 1981 District Census Handbooks. The present Handbook will meet the requirement of minimum needs programme set forth by the Planning Commission. The publication has latest available data on amenities, land use pattern and other infrastructural statistics for each village and town of the district so as to serve as a ready reference material for planners and administrators for assessment of past achievements and formulation of new programmes of development at various levels.

6 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DISTRICT

In ancient times the present Leh (Ladak ) district was a part of Greater Ladakh spread over from Kailash Mansarover to Saswaat (Dardistan). The greater Ladakh was either under thedomain of Tibet or its influence Not much information is available about the ancient history of Ladakh. However, references about the place and its neighborhood in Arab , Chinese and Mongolian histories give an idea that in the 7th century A.D fierce wars were fought by Tibet and China in Baltistan area of the greater Ladakh in which deserts and barren mountains of Ladakh had turned into battle fields for the warring armies. In the 8th century A.D. the Arabs also jumped into these wars and changed their sides between china and Tibet. Around this period the ruler of Kashmir. Laltaditya conquered Ladakh. In the 8th century A.D. Itself, the Arabs conquered Kashghar and established their control over the Central Asia which embraced Islam in the 9th century A.D. Thus a buffer state came into being between Tibet and China, terminating the hostilities between the two warring countries. The greater Ladakh also fell to pieces.

About 3000 years ago Ladakh was perhaps in a wilderness surrounded by Tibet, Turkistan, and Panier beyond the Karakoram range and area of present Himachal Pradesh. With the increasing population and shrinking agricultural land and pasture in these countries , some people from there migrated in small groups to different directions and drifted to western Tibet and settled in its uninhabited areas like present Zanskar, Paurik, Baltistan, etc. Some of them advanced to the Ladakh proper and settle down there . The ancient inhabitant in Ladakh were Dards and Indo Aryans race from down the Indus. But immigration from Tibet more than thousands years ago largely overwhelmed the culture of the Dards and up moped their racial characters. In eastern and central Ladakh today ‘s population seems to be mostly from Tibetan origin. Buddhism reached Tibet from India via Ladakh. The area was the stronghold of Buddhism before Islam reached Ladakh. A peaceful penetration of Islam was carried out by missionaries in the early 16th century whose success was guaranteed by the early conversion of the sub rulers. Of Drass Kargil and Suru valley, now in the Kargil district. Earlier six hundred and sixty years ago , the great Muslim preacher Mir Syed Ali Hamdani had arrived in Ladakh. He introduced Islam here and constructed a mosque at (Shey) which was then the capital of Ladakh. Today Muslims constitute over 15 percent population of Leh district.

A thousand years ago before the control of Tibet’s ruler, Raja Skitde Nemagon ruled over Ladakh, which was known as Murlay (Red country) , as most of mountains and soils in Ladakh wears a red tinge. Some historians however, say that the word means a lowland because of its position in comparison to the elevated surroundings areas. In the 10th century A.D. Stikde Nemagon along with a couple of hundred men , invaded Ladakh where there was no central authority. The land was divided in small principalities , which were at war with each other. Nemagon defeated all of them one after the other and established a strong central authority. 7 Those days Shey 15 Kms from Leh was the capital and Ladakh became to be known as Nariskarsoom , meaning a country of three provinces. The present Ladakh was divided into two provinces while thet hird comprised Western Tibet. Towards the end of his life the king divided his kingdom among the three sons , each getting a province. The area of western Tibet slipped away from the kingdom but was reunited in the 16th century A.D. by the famous Ladakhi ruler Sengge Namgyal . Ladakh was an independent country since the middle of the 10th century.

While its political fortune ebbed and flowed over the centuries , the kingdom was at its zenith in the early 17th century under king Sengge Namgyaal whose rule extended across Spiti (H.P) and western Tibet upto Mayiumla beyond Mount Kailash and mansarover lake.

The rugged terrain of Ladakh was traversed for centuries by caravans carrying textiles , spices, raw silk, carpets , dyestuffs and narcotics stable in contrast to other lawless tribes further west. Perhaps due to the fact that it was partly political it became to be recognized as the best trade route between Punjab and Central Asia. On this long arduous route , Leh was the half way destination and developed into a bustling entrepod, with merchants from far off countries thronging its Bazars. The famous pashmina also came from the western Tibet from where it was carried via Ladakh to Srinagar for its end product the world’s famous Pashmina shawl. Ironically, it was the lucrative trade that attracted Gulab Singh , the ruler of Jammu , to invade the territory in 1834. Ladakh together with the neighboring provinces of Baltistan was in cooperated in the newly created state of Jammu and Kashmir.

In the post- partition scenario, Pakistan and China illegally occupied 78,114 sq. Kms and 37,555 sq. Kms of the state respectively while the remaining part of the state acceded to India. Pakistan also illegally gifted 5,180 sq. Kms of this area to China. In 1979 when reorganization of the districts was carried out , the Ladakh district was divided into two full-fledged districts Leh and Kargil. The district is predominantly inhabited by Buddhists consisting of four sects namely, Nigmpa, , Dukpa, Kargint and Saskia known as Red sector and Gelukrapa the reformed “yellow sect” The aim of all the four sects in the same viz, attainment of Buddhahood or Nirvana. The red sect has its strongholds in Hamis , Chemrey, Fiang, , Taktak and Likir are claimed by the yellow sect. The red sect was founded by Guru Padama Sambhava and the yellow sect by Cho Avisha of Bengal.

Leh is unique in every respect. One can enjoy the novel experience of Ladakhi culture known for its antique touch. The art and craft of Leh (Ladakh) is as novel as people themselves. By nature they are silent and peace loving. In the changed atmosphere now the elder flock, still present the same figures of simplicity and sincerity.

8 9 (i) PHYSICAL FEATURES LOCATION AND SIZE:

10 Leh is situated between 32 to 36 degree North Latitude and 75 to 80 degrees longitude. Ladakh lies on the rain shadow side of the Himalayan, where dry monsoon wind reaches Leh after being robbed of its moisture in plains and Himalayan mountain the district combines the condition of both artic and desert climate. Therefore Ladakh is often called the “COLD DESERT”

Situated on the western end of the Himalayas, the district is flanked in east by Tibet, west by Kargil, in north by China and south by Himachal Pradesh. .The district is at a distance of 434 Kms from Srinagar. The district is having three tehsils namely Leh ,khalsi and Nubra Comprising 111- inhabited and one uninhabited villages, For administrative purposes, the Deputy Commissioner ,the district Senior Superintendent of Police , the district rural development officer and some other senior officers of the state in close association with Ladakh Autonomous Hill council members look after the development regulatory functions in the district.

There are 9 CD blocks in the district and their names are as following:-

S.No CD Block 1 Leh 2 Nyoma 3 Chuchat 4 Kharu 5 Durbok 6 Nubra 7 Panamic 8 Khalsi 9 Saspol

PHYSIOGRAPHY

Ladakh is a region of high mountain ranges, elevated plateaus and rocky gorges. On the whole, the territory is a vast desert of rocks and sands and characterized by its rugged topography. The altitude of the region increases towards the north.

The Lingzi-Tang Plateau extends from north to south over an area of 25.8Kms from east to west upto 90 Kms .With Pangkong as the base Its altitude ranges from 5,273 meters in the south to 5,180 meters in the north . All along the northern side of the plateau, lies the range of Lokzhung Mountains, a veritable waste-land rising to the skies.

The Kuenlun plateau lies between Lokshung and Kuenlun mountains at an altitude of 4,856.8n 0 metres. Its surface consists of hard clay at some places and sand at other places. Its level

11 varies from that of Lingzi-Tang plateau. There is 18.3 meters deep bay on this plateau. Situated on the western end of the Himalayas, Ladakh has four major mountain ranges – the Great Himalayan, Zanskar, Ladakh and Karakoram passing through it. Amaze of enormously high snow-capped peaks and the largest glacier outside the polar region, dominate the terrain where valley heights range from a mere 8000 ft to 15000 while passing upto 20000ft and peaks reaching 25000 ft. can be seen all around . The world’s largest glacier outside the polar region, Siachen is here.

The area nearest to Leh (Ladakh) is the stock- Khangri , Massif in the Zanskar mountains , south of Leh. The base camps for various peaks of the Massif are about two days trek from the village of the Stock. Among its known peaks are Stok Khangri (6150m)Mathoo-west (5950 m) and Kantaka ( 5275m) . The much higher Konglacha peak (6700 m) lies south west of Leh and is reached via Rumbak on the first leg of the Markha Valley trek from stock. Many unnamed peaks in the altitude range of 5500 meters and 6400 meters are also available for Trekking in the same region. The entire area falls well outside the inner line or restricted area.

North of Leh , across the Ladakh range and the Nobra valley , lies the Karakoram range It soars to a number of known peaks which are however , within the restricted area and are not freely assessable to foreign trekkers except with special permission from the government of India. The most prominent submits in this range which are assessable from various parts of the Nobra valley include Saser-I(7415m) , Saser-II (7513m) and Saser-III (7495 M)

The district is having a rugged and difficult terrain. The road constructed in such an area is a gigantic task.

DRAINAGE

Leh (Ladakh) is the land of many lakes and springs. Among the springs, the famous are the sulphur springs of Panamic (Nobra), Chumathang and Puga of Chumathang which are famous for early curing of joints /rheumatic disease. Many mineral springs are also found in some remote parts of Leh. (Ladakh). People of the region use the spring water as medicine to prevent and cure themselves from many diseases.

The important lakes which fall within the jurisdiction of Leh (Ladakh) are Pangkong lake ( 150 Kms long and 4 Kms wide ) situated at a height of 14000 ft. Tsomoriri lake a pearl shaped lake and Tsokar ( means salty lakes) both contain large minerals deposits. Since ancient times till the end of 1959 salt was being extracted from this particular salty lake for human consumption. Many minerals springs are also found in some remote parts of the district.

12 The main river of the district is Indus, which flows in the North West direction between Ladakh and Zanskar ranges. Indus enters India from Tibet and Demchok. Starting near MT. Kailash , the Indus is joined by several major rivers like Zanskar , Suru and Shayok before it reaches Pakistan to fall in the Arabian sea . Indus is about 560 Kms long, 10 Kms wide and 5200 metres deep .Indus cuts Pakistan about 90 Kms west of Nanga Parbat. Farther North, between the Indus and Shyok , its tributary runs through the Ladakh range 5800 metres and more than 300 Kms long., it runs parallel to the Zanskar range . Indus river flows for 709 Kms in India through Jammu and Kashmir draining 117884 sq. Kms . The water of Indus system are divided between India and Pakistan according to the Indo-Pakistan Indus water treaty signed by the two countries in 1960 . Indus, according to mythology, sprouts from the mouth of a lion, as is therefore known as Sengge Chhu . Sengge (sinh in Sanskrit) means a lion and Chhu in Tibetan means a flowing water body. As it flows down Sengge Chhu is joined by its tributaries and from the main area of habitation. The total catchment area of Indus is 31.2 million hectare and fall in the list of major rivers of the country.

There are lot of other water resources namely tanks, , river and streams available throughout the district among which some are still un- utilized . Many streams even in summer flow for only a few hours a day when the ice melts.

The farmers have appreciated the modern technologies approved by the policy makers which include gravity canals water storage tanks, artificial glaciers etc.

CLIMATE

The district endures a harsh climate on account of its geographical situations. There are considerable daily and seasonal extremes of temperature and very marked differences at any time of year between sun and shade temperatures. Winters are severely cold with temperature going down to -40 C at places. The district remains land locked between November to June every year as Srinagar Ladakh and Ladakh- Manali highway which connect the district with other parts of the country remains closed during this period because of snow and rigorous winter. Three months witness sub- zero temperatures (December to February) and the rest of the months face zero degree temperature. Winter here is long and harsh .Waterways, waterfalls and lakes freeze, and the water vapour freezes to break into the most intricate and attractive crystal patterns. But on clear sunny days, when the average temperature goes over to 20C, the sun can be scorching hot in its intensity and its ultra violet rays cause deep sun burn.

13

RAINFALL:-

Rainfall is more than 2 inches annually and it is the melting snow in summer which sustains life in this high arctic zone, as a result of which the landscape is desert like with aridity and low temperatures lead to Sparse vegetation, sands dunes and even occasional storms occur.

Wind velocity in the afternoon and night is of high order resulting in heavy soil erosion with dust storms and snow bizzards which make life very difficult. The relative humidity is low and ranges from 31 to 64 percent.

During the short but intense summer cultivation is sustained by melting snows and a careful harnessing of water is essential. Ladakhis are expert irrigation engineers and construct long channels cutting along the Granite Mountains and gravel slopes. Water is thus channeled to grow food grains.

Due to longer winter, the agriculture season is short and spread over from April to September depending upon the climate. The climate varies in different valleys of the district which influences the period of agricultural activities, type of farming, nature and variety of crop method of cultivation.

TYPE OF SOIL:-

The soil of the district is mostly of rocks and sands. The rural development and desert Development Agencies are aimed at bringing a green revolution in the cold desert areas. The district would considerably emancipate the socio economic change in dwelling of the people who are residing at an altitude of 1300 to 1500 degree feet on a barren landscape from centuries together in the desert region of Ladakh.

The bricks are being made of sand and the stones cut from rocks are used for raising the buildings. The canals for irrigation fields are made with local skill through rough land of sand and rocks. Not a spoonful of cement has been used in their construction . It is estimated that the district there are 28 (69 hectares) of barren cultivated land and 4406 hectares waste land. Total area sown is 10475 hectares and area sown more than once is 555 hectares . For the year 1998 the area under high yielding variety programme is shown below

GEOLOGY:-

14 Here is a brief description of the geological antiquity of the region.

FORMATION AGE Alluvium of Indus ,fans, etc Recent to sub-recent Terraces of Kargil basis Middle to Upper peistocene Drass Volcanoes and Indus Upper Creta Ceous Wealden. Flysch Series To Danian Cretaceous system of Ladakh Cretaceous Jurassis of Ladakh Jurassis Triassics of Ladakh and Karakoram Triassics

Sikhala Series Pre-Cambrian

GEOLOGICAL FORMATION:- ‘Fundamental Gneiss’ with intrusive granite:

Crystalline rocks, granite, gneisses and Schists occupy large areas of north-west Himalayas forming the core of Zanskar and ranges beyond in Ladakh and Baltistan. These rocks were all regarded as igneous and were supposed to be Archaean in age. Later investigations have, however provide that these gneisses are actually of an intrusive origin having invaded rocks of various ages at a number of different geological periods. Dr.D.N. Wadia is of the opinion that a considerable part of this crystalline complex is of Precambrian metamorphic origin forming the basement on which all the subsequent geological formation rest. According to him the three chief constituents of the Himalayan basement complex are:- 1. The metamorphosed sedimentary archaeans. 2. Intrusive granite and gneisses of later periods. 3. Remnants of Achaeans granites granulite’s, orthogneoisses and schists.

With regard to the distribution of the gneissoic rocks in the area. DR Wadia states that the main crystalline development is in the north and north –east potions in the Zanskar range and the regions beyond that is in Gilgit, Baltistan and Ladakh. It is from the circumstances of the prominent development of the crystalline core in the Zanskar Range in continuity with the Central Himalayan Axis, the range is regarded as the principal continuation of the Great Himalaya chain, after its bifurcation at Kangra. The other branch, the pir-panchal is regarded only as a minor off shoot. North of Zanskar , the outcrop of the crystalline series becomes very wide , encompassing almost the whole of the region in the Karakoram , with the exception of a few sedimentary tracts in central and south –east of Ladakh. The largest occurrence of hornblende granite is in the mountains between Astor and Deosai. Its post- Cretaceous age is definitely proved by its intrusive contact with orbitolina limestone’s at the Burzil pass (4170 meters) .Tourmaline –granite is of relatively

15 subordinate occurrence in dykes and pegmatite veins. Rocks of the oldest sedimentary system occupy large tracts of Ladakh and Gilgit.

South of Ladakh, running along the Indus Valley is a band of cretaceous with ophilolites comprising the flyshe facies as well as massif and ultra -masif volcanic rocks of the Drass volcanic type. The former include the characteristic Hippuritic limestone’s and beds containing Cryphaea Vesiculosa . The Cretaceous band runs all the way from Kargil and beyond to Rupshu. The Ladakh Cretaceous is compactly sand witched in between the wide Jurassic Triassic area to the south –west and the Indus .Eocene belt running along the river valley to the north-east through Leh. The south border of the belt is one of the tectonic contact with north directed thrusts.Middle and upper Cretaceous sediments containing orbitolina and hippurites are met within Chitral underlying the Tertiary Reshun conglomerate.

The thick pile of volcanic ejectments described above with intercalated sedimentary layers and lenses of limestone’s containing orbitolina and other foraminffers coralks and echinoids runs from the east of astor to beyond Drass in Ladakh. The mineral chromite is associated with the gabbro and serpitine intrusive into the series. There is a local concentration of chromite into workable ore-masses which would be of economic importance in a more accessible locality . This is a north-west extension of the basal part of the much more extensive zone of Eocene volcanic and marine sediments of the upper Indus valley from Kargil. To Haanle in the south-east Ladakh. The vertical extent of this elastic volcanic series reaches several thousand meters and in its width the belt is over 20 Kms across the strike where it is transversed by the Burzil valley. Dolerite , gabbro and serpentine intrusive into the series. There is local concentration of chromite into workable ore-masses which would be of economic importance in a more accessible locality. This is the north –west extension of basal part of the much more extensive zone of Eocene volcanic and marine sediments of the upper Indus valley from Kargil to Hanle in south-east Ladakh. The vertical extent of this elastic volcanic series reaches several thousand meters and in its width the belt is over 20 Kms across the strike where it is transversed by the Bruzil Valley, Dolerite, Gabbro, and pyrozenite. masses and stock together with Bathyliths of Hornblende- granite are injected into these rocks and have given rise to a varied suit of alternation product.

The tertiaries of Ladakh rest unconformable over gneissic and metamorphic rocks the base is of coarse felspathic grits and conglomerates followed by the brown calcareous and green and purple shale’s. These Shale’s are overlain by a thick band of blue shelly limestone is succeeded by a coarse limestone conglomerate. On either extremity of this sedimentary basin there is a large development igneous rocks of acid as well as extremely basic composition. They include both contemporaneously erupted dark basalts with ash and tuff beds as well as dykes and sills of intrusive granite and quartz and augite –por-phyries together with peribnoates and gabbros. In the north –west prolongation of the Kargil band of Ecocene volcanoes and the Drass ,

16 there is a close association of tuffs , volcanic ash-beds lavas and augite –porphyries with limestones , containing Alveoline , Dictytoconoides Nummalities and Gastropods.

Peter Misch (1935,1936) while investigating the Nanga Parbat (8125 metres) recognized the Salkhala in the form of black slates and phyllities with marble intercalation. Many granites and gneisses are also known from the area , some of which may be older than the Salkhala , matasediments forming the base for them, while others are intrusive in the Salkhalas . The older granite and gneisses are Puga Granite , Chushol Granite , Ladakh Granite , Leh Granite etc.

A sequence roughly similar in many respects to Spiti Jurrassics are traceable in outskirts in central and southern parts of Ladakh, resting comfortably upon the upper Triassic lime stones. The jurrassics of Ladakh have yielded many fossils . A meager account of cretaceous system of this region is known from its south east parts in Ripshu. These are composed of an unfossiliferous white lime stones forming some of the highest peaks of Ladakh. Range. Discovery of the Cretaceous fossils grypnea- vesigulosa from Saqjna indicates the presence of Cretaceous formation in Ladakh.

FLORA AND FAUNA:-

Lying at the confluence of three zoogeographic realms , Paleartic ,oriental and Malayan district’s ecosystem is possibly the most unique and by far the most fascinating in the world. With its barren plateaus and uplands the district has a distinct alphine and faunasl variety. Several flowering plants and a dozen important mammals . Fragrant Juniper (Shukpa) grows everywhere , and is used foe ceremonial and religious purposes. In late October the district valleys are a usual delight –apricots and poplars provide a spectacular display of green , gold and rust. The greys of chocolate brown of mountains via with the turquoise blue waters and azure blue skies to provide a resplendent panorama of Ladakh in autumn . Over hundreds of species of birds are found in this rugged terrain. Most of the species are classified as endangered or rare. The wild Yak is to be found only here. Other animals include ibex, necked crane, bar-headed geese, duck and several other water birds breed near the lake in thousands. The avid bird watcher can spend fruitful hours by observing Bactroan magpies grey tits , chough raven ,sparrow, kite , kestrel, turkoman, rock pigeon chukor finches buntings, larks, desert , wheatears and many more verities of birds.

The snow leopard is Ladakh’s most rare animal. Another one that is unique is the Kiang or the wild horse , while at the lower altitude the musk deer too is a rare sight, precious by virtue of its expensive musk. Visitors are likely to spot many marmots , mouse hares, stone martens , red foxes, wolves, ibex bharal and shapu during the course of their journey but the habitat of the Nyan ( big horned sheep) , chiru (Tibetan antilope famed for its fleece –Shahtoosh ) Goa, (Tibetan gazelle) lynx pallas cat, Kiang ( wild horse) and brong dong ( wild yak ) are still outside the tourist domains.

17 The floristic surveys conducted by the Kashmir University have revealed out of 611 species collected from different areas of the region , 540 species are dicot , 65 monocot and the rest gymnosperums. The families having maximum generic distribution are composite, Cruciferae (26) , Boraginacceae (!6) , Chimopodiaccae (13), Leguminosae , Raunculacae caryaphy elaceae, umbellifereae ( each with 11) and Labiatee(9).

Across Zojila, on the northern side of Kashmir Valley, the Drass and the Suru Valleys represents transition zone in the flora of the region. In general the alpine flora of Kashmir valley which grows above 3300 meters is also found in this transition zone. This flora is represented by alpine mesophytes such as the species of D.elphenium Potentelli Leoutopodium Taraxcum Aster . poly genum podophyllum emodi, lovetera Krishmiriana , Lotus corruiculates, Astragalus rhizan thus rose Mostchata etc. phragmites Karka , Equisetum sp. And sonchus aleraceus have a rich growth along the sandy banks of Drass river and its side streams.

The snow covered mountains tops of Minemarg and Gumri are covered with polygonum affine potentilla bifurca , plendicalaris siphonatha , parasia pahistris geranam pratens, Bupleurum longiceules stachys sercca, Brachyauam pratens Anaphils nuligea Galius borealc and some other plants of this family. These plants are also found in the Suru Valley. Rusila and Baralacha areas . In Rupshu area the Tibet species are found up to an altitude of 7500 metres. The plants of these species are represented by oxtropis lapponica multifida. Nepeta tibetica plantaso mimima Delphinilim brunonianum luychias macrotiza pogyonum siberiam Sedutt Tibetioum Arabis Tibetica etc. However these plants are prostrate and have small leave growing in roselets.

At and around Leh and Nobra trees like Salix, Alba, S.dephioides populas deltoids jurtlans regia grow along with the following plants:-

Acautholimon lycopodiodes, Myiracaria elegans capsell , burrapastorisd, lindelofia anchusoldes scoplia pracalt , Echinos pefimum redowski Arvebian tibetana Iris ,Strachysa tibetica laucca tibettia Iris ,Strachys tibetica etc.

From Zojila in the South to Choshul forest zone Ladakh has no forests worth the name except poplars and willows which are mostly confined to river, banks and Nallah beds. The species of trees and shrubs which are founded in the region are listed as under:- Salin elegans, s.alba, S. sclewophylka, S.frangillis, populas ailba , P. enphratica, P. cauedicans, P.Nigra, P. ciliate , P. angastifolia, Jumperus maemnoides, J. communis Myricaria prostrate , Aippoprae mamnoides, Rose Webbiana, Tamarix, gallica, Elaeagus noetensis, caragna pygmae , Ephedra, V. ulgaris, and crassifiplia

However under the afforestation scheme of the State Government and the desert development programmes of the Central department , steps are being taken in the direction of

18 encouraging the growth of some fast-growing exentic species which are being procured for other hemo-climatic regions of the world.

Ladakh provides a natural refuge and habitat to numerous wild and game animals some of whom belong to rare species which are found only in the most inaccessible terrains of this region. Its Fauna is unique and precious as it comprises such animals as the Kiang , the Yak, the Ibex, the markhor, the lynx, the snow leopard, etc. The table-lands of the Indus and the Rupshu abound with the wild- Horse, the Hare and the Marmot. The rugged valleys and the glens are the natural habitat of the Deer, the antelope, Wild Sheep and Wild goats of many kinds.

The following is a brief description of various kinds of game and wild animals found in the region.

NVAN (OVIS AMMON) HODGSONT:-

Ovis ammon is a large sheep the male is called Nyan and the females Nyanna. It is also called Hodgsons sheep being the largest sheep both on account of its size and weight. Nyan is famous as the king of Ladakhi sheep. On an average the Nyom measures over 152 cms from head to tail and over 110 cms at the shoulders , the horns being nearly 150 cms long. The sheep may weight upto 127 kgs. Its colour is greenish brown above and white under Neath. The Ammon wander all over the region between altitude of 4200 metres and 4800 metres in search of safety and food . They are particularly found in the Changehenmo, Rupshu, over the steep plains of Pangkong lake in the Depsang and on the plateaus of Karakoram. Due to indiscriminate shooting however, their number has considerable dwindled.

SHAPO (OVIS VIGNEE):-

Shapo is also called Urial. It is wild sheep with twisted horns which measures about 100 cms. It is mostly found at lower altitudes such as in the Indus and Shyok valleys and at Spituk . Khaltse and Fatula

BHARAL (OVIS NABURA):

Bharal is a beautiful and well-built sheep resembling Shapo in size and weight. The rams carry large olive green horns over 89cms , long while the ewes have shorter horns. . Its mutton is rated very high in deliciousness. It inhabits steep ground during summer at altitude ranging upto 5500 metres but during winter they descend to lower latitude . They are particular found in Nubra and, Zanskar, Rupshu and Khalste.

19 MARCO POLO’S SHEEP (OVIS PALI) :

This is an excellent type of wild sheep found on the high plateaus of Karakorum and desang. It compares well with Ovis Ammon in respect of its size and weight. It was first noticed by Morcopolo in Pamits during his travel in the 13th century . It measures 100 to 120 cms at shoulders. It has very long horns which generally measures up to 150 cms or more. However its long horns could not save it from attacks by the beast of Prey.

IBEX (CAPRA SIBRICA):-

Ibex belongs to the category of wild goats. It is very handsome, stoutly built animal with long aweepinfh horns and a fine and soft fleece under its stiff hairy coat. In Ladakh, the animal is called Satim and in Kashmiri Kel. In colour an Ibex, may be brown deep chocolate or seady cream. The soft and warm under fleece of the Ibex has made it an object of indiscriminate hunting and shooting with the result that its population has considerably decline in recent years.

MARKHOR (CAPRA FALCONERI) :-

Markhor is a magnificent animal and considerable size with long horns which measures upto 150 cms. and a bodily weight of about 100 kgs . The horns are sciralled and form a V-Shaped figure. The animal grows a fine black beared under its chin.

The Ladakhi name for the animal is Rapho-chhe or the great goat. It is also known as the King wild goat. However , its well- known Persian name Markhor which means snake eater is based on the belief of Dards, Baltis, and even Kashmiris that capra falconeri does actually eat snakes and after eating them froths profusely on rocks. The pottery e.g. Zaharmohaar made from such rocks is believed to have medicinal properties besides being sensitive to poisonous substances.

GOA (GAZZELA PICTICAUDATA) :-

Goa is a wild deer with beautifully ringed horns, graceful features, and a sandy grey colour. It weighs about 20 Kgs . This beautiful Gazella has become very rare. Only 150 of them are believed to exist in the region at present. It is found in the undulating plains of Rupshu and Chang Chenmo.

CHIRU (PANTHOLOPS AHODGOSONI):-

The Tibetan antelope known as Chiru in Ladakh region is a highly prized deer because of its manifold qualities. It’s under fleece called Shahtoos is an extremely delicate, warm and soft. Woolen fiber which constitutes the raw material of the renowned Kashmiri shawl whereas its meat is very delicious. , its skin is used for making ladies coats which fetch high prices. Unfortunately for these

20 very qualities this beautiful game animal has been most favorite target of attacks by the hunters and consequently this species in facing near extinction.

Chiru measures 75 to 85 cms. at shoulders and weight between 40 to 50 kgs The male has about 60 cms long horn while the female has none. Its color is usually black and brown. The chiru is generally found in the Chang-Chenmo valley, the area known as Aksai-Chin and along the grassy streams beds of Lingztang and in the higher reaches of the Shyok valley .

HARE (GONUS LEPUS):-

It is a beautiful game animal found all over Ladakh region especially is Rupshu , Chag- Chemmo and above the Pangkong lake. The Ladakhi, hare , otherwise well known as Khargosh else where has soft thick wooly fur with a blush color.. The Ladakhi name , Ribong corresponds in meaning to its Persian equlient Khargosh , because of the ass like ears the animal possesses.

WILD YAK( BOS GRUNNILENS)

Another distinguishing feature of the fauna of Ladakh region is the existence of a strange type of wild ox, called as Yak. Locally it is called as dong or Donkh. It is a beast of considerable size measuring over 150 cms at shoulders and about 200 cms in length. Its weight sometimes exceeds to 225 Kgs . The yak grows long black hair over its body which reaches down to its legs , giving it a clumsy appearance. The male has horns but the female has not . It is a firm footed animal used as a beast of burden in the region. The Yak mixes and even crosses with the cow the off –spring of the union is called Zho (Male ) and Zhomo (Female).

The wild yak which is very ferocious beast occupies the table land and the plateaus of chang- Chemmo and Aksai-Chin but at lower altitudes such as Leh it generally does not exist.

KIANG (EGUUS HEMINUS KIANG)

kiang is a wild animal resembling a mule. It has a brown and a white color and a black mane. Through handsome in shape, it is unfit for load carrying as well as for riding. As such it is seldom tamed. It has an interesting habit of galloping at high speed and trotting in circles’ When it smells danger , it brays loudly , sending signals to his fellow denizens of all around. The Kiang is found in Rupshu, Changthang and Chang Chemmo areas of the region.

21 MARMOT (ARCCTOMYS HIMALAYANUS)

Marmot is a strange little animal resembling a squirrel or a big mouse. Its size varies between 60cm to 90cms. It has a golden or reddish brown colour with long bushy tail. In Ladakhi region it is called as Drun or Drin. However its fur is not suitable for use as it is wiry and course.

Marmot spends long winter in burrow subsisting either on the grass and routes are on the accumulated fat on its own body. At the sight of a dog the marmot utters shrill cries to startle him and when the dog tries to jump at it the marmot slips into its burrow for cover. He repeats till the dog is compelled to give up the chase in dismay. It is mostly found in Baltistan, Zojila, Drass, Rupshu, and Kardongla.

SNOW LEOPARD ( FELIXUNCIA):

There being no lions or tigers in the Ladakh region the snow leopard is the only member of this family. Which has adapted itself to the pecular geographical conditions of the region. It is generally found at high altitude near the snow line in various parts of both Ladakh region and Baltistan.

The snow leopard measures about 60 cms at shoulders with the length of about 200 cms, from head to tail, the tail accounting for nearly half the total length of the body. As such it is smaller in size than a tiger or even panther. It is covered with a soft woolly coat and thick fur of grey color interspersed with black or dark grey spots. Its beautiful skin is used for making fur coat.

This wild beast of prey known as Shun, schan, sha or safad cheetah in Ladakh region and Kashmir is feared very much by the local population as it heavily region as well.

LYNX (FELIXLYIN ISABELLINUS)

The Laynx locally known as Ee or Ech looks like a big cat measuring about 100cms. It possesses almost the same nocturnal and preying habit as the snow leopard. Though now rare like leopard it is still found in Rupshu and Zanskar areas. It generally prefers to live under the cover of dense vegetation in order to easily prey upon the game animal like ibex, goats, birds, as well as domestic animals like sheep, hares and pigeons. It is keen sighted beast, covered with soft fur of sandy grey color which is highly prized by the furriers.

22 SHANKO( CAN IS LUPUS)

It is wolf found in Rupshu and some other parts of the region. In colour it is black or grey. Classed as Vermin, Shanko has also nocturnal habits. It takes a heavy toll of flock and game animals.

WILD DOG:-

It is also a vermin, an on obnoxious beast preying heavily upon the nomad’s flocks and game animals. It is a ferocious wild beast founds at high altitudes of the region.

Fox (Vulpes Vilpes)

It is found all over the region, Its color varies from yellow to dark grey.

AVI-FAUNA:-

Ladakh is poor so far as Avi-fauna is concerned. It is so because the region is barren.. It has few tress and no forests and its lake are also salty . However , occasionally one may find (patridges) snow pheasants or eagles (locally).

AGRICULTURE:-

Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in this district as in the rest of the state. The major crop is at high altitudes and at times shortage of water affects yielding of crop adversely.

Two things have been brought about significant change in the lives of the Leh (Ladakh) population the high altitude agriculture and forestry. The vegetation introduced by the Indian army researcher during the last 40 years or so has resulted in clusters of trees and fruity and vegetable fields. The radishes and pumpkins grow here are of giant size. Tree has brought about some noticeable change in ecology.

The area sown (in hectares) in 2007-08 of different crops in given under

Area Sown ( in Hectares)

s

Year Total non- food crops Total Area sown Rice Maize Wheat Grain Other Millet Pulses Fruits Vegetables Total food crops Oil seeds Fodder

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2007- - - 2968 4452 359 286 39 313 8436 74 2089 2163 10599 08 Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

23 The sowing of different crops is done from April to May or June, harvesting in September to October. The peak marketing is recorded in October and November. Double cropping is undertaken in some parts of Khaltse and Nobra blocks of the district in a very limited scale. There are three plants/nurseries in the district and the number of plants stood at 62269.

Crop Calander

Crop Sowing Harvesting

1 2 3

Wheat April-May September-October Grim May-June August-September Small- Millet April-May August-September

Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

Mulberry, Walnut and grapes are grown at lower heights of the land whereas apple trees at a height of 10000 ft. band apricots are grown upto 14000 ft. Pears, almonds and cherries are also grown successfully in some areas. The area under fruit cultivation is 1379.10hectares Other commercially viable crops with a scope of development include mushrooms, Saffron and floriculture, while the cultivation of the first has been demonstrated successfully , the last two are proposed to be tried on experimental basis.

Improved Seeds Distributed (in Tones)

Year Padd Maize Wheat Grain/ Pulses Oil Fodder/ Vegetable y Barely Seed Alfalfa including/Potato

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2007-08 0 0 42 0 68 20 365 515 Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

Area under High Yielding Variety Programme (in Hectare)

Vegetable Padd Grain/ Oil Fodde Year Wheat Pulses Maize including Others y Barley Seed r Potato 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2007-08 0 18 0 272 0 73 2100 1050 0

Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

24 HOTICULTURE:-

Horticulture is playing a major role in supplementing the income to the farmers, hence assumed great importance in Leh district in recent years. The main productions are apricot and apple but in some parts of Khaltse block other varieties ie Almond, Grapes etc. are also grown. The fruit produced are marketed in Leh town, other places and supplied to the defense forces stationed in the region through cooperative marketing societies.

Horticulture Extension

Number of Equipment Year Area(Ha) under Fruits Plants issued /

tributed Apricot Apple others of fruitNo. plants Available Dis Qty. of fungicides Pesticites issued on Tool kit set (Nos) Foot Sprayer (Nos)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2007-08 740.00 579.00 60.10 4 72722 1460 90 Quintal 4 Nos - Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

IRRIGATION:-

The district is a mountainous area with artic desert conditions. Being mountainous with arctic desert condition and scanty rainfall of the district, irrigation depends on the eternal glaciers, which give birth to number of rivulets. Agriculture without irrigation here is not possible. Therefore efforts are being made to bring more barren land under cultivation by constructing irrigation canals on Indus, Shayok and other tributaries. The net irrigated area is 10193 hectares and the gross irrigated area is 10599 hectares. Irrigation (In Hectares) YEAR Net Area Irrigated Gross Area Irrigated 2007-2008 10193 10599 Source: District statistical Handbook (2007-08)

The total irrigated area in the district is about 10193 hectares. Nearly all irrigated systems in the district is gravity reliant. Most of the irrigation is being done by canals/Khuls. Skill fully constructed water channels carrying water from its sources to the cultivated fields are the backbone of agriculture in Ladakh. At several places, melted snow water collected during night in reservoir built by the community for irrigation during the day time. Also melted snow water is channelized directly from irrigation. Melting of snow is obviously in the afternoon resulting of large quantity of water for harnessing and irrigation during night. There is a positive correlation between maximum

25 day time temperature and rate of flow of water . The snow melted water from snow clad peaks is brought by the community to the villages and fields by constructing canals. These canals were made with local skill through rough land of sand and rocks. From the main canal a network of sub channels touch each and every field. Such irrigation system is working very well for centuries in the district.

There are a lot of water resources namely tanks , rivers, and streams available throughout the district which are still unutilized . The two main rivers viz Indus and Shayok flowing through the district presently do not contribute much for the water required for irrigation

In view of the cold arid climate conditions prevailing all over the district and non – availability of electric tube well irrigation of the area does not permit economical construction of big tanks.

NATURAL WEALTH:-

The following are the known minerals of Ladakh:-

1. BORAX:-

Borax deposits are found in the form of surface encrustations in the floor of the Puga Valley (33- 13’, 78’-19). These deposits are spread over an area of about 76200 meters, in the central and eastern parts of the valley. The thickness of the encrustation varies from 3mm to 64 mm and at places it is 135 mm .Borax is usually of white to dirty white color, the white color change in proportion to the percentage of clay impurities in the mineral. At some places borax with a pinkish or a greenish color is also found. The reserves of the crude borax in the Puga valley are estimated at 5423 tones which after allowing 10% drying margin may be pout at nearly 4900 tones. Borax behaves like an agricultural crop, once the mineral is trapped from the valley floor, it gets precipitated due to thermal spring activity. Experiments have revealed that there is an average replenishment of about 0.2 tons per 100 Sq meters per year thereby adding 1250 tons of crude Borax and 330 tones of refined borax to the total reserves of the valley annually.

2. SULPHUR:-

Sulphur in its Native form found both in crystalline and amorphous state as well as in association with the gypsiferous quartz- mica schist and quarts- mica schists , in different areas of the Puga Valley In its Crystalline and Amorphous form, associated with Schists it is found in northern and southern hills slopes of the valley . The northern slopes being richer in deposits. The northern part also posses’ deposits of Sulphurs in amorphous form combines with borax

26 encrustations. It is also found in the floors of the valley. The valley is well known for its hot springs which contains encrustations of Sulphurs. The total; reserves of crude sulphur in the valley tentatively calculated up to a dip down extension of 30m have been estimated at 210000 tones .

3. LIME STONE:- Large deposits of good quality Limestone have been found to occur as bands in Indus Flysch formation and as cliffs in Triassic lime stone formation. The Indus flysch bands are found at Nobra and Khalste and a Marichal while the reserves of Triassic limestone formation have been founded at Bodhkharbu. The reserves are of good quality with 42 %Cao ( Calcium Oxide) with blue grey color and is 1220 m thick , The known reserves of limestone in the region are estimated at 525000 tones up to a dip down extension of 35 m which are likely to increase as more areas are covered by survey.

4. COPPER:-

Speaks of native copper are reported from Tangza and Marlinfg in Zanskar. Copper mineralization in the form of Sporadic occurrences the mineral are also reported from Habotingla.

5. CHROMITE:- The mineral has been traced in a locality in the northern-eastern direction from Drass up to Mapala over a distance of about 10 ms. The other places where the chromite has been found are Nioria, Tasgam, Khibar and Kamirup in Zanskar .

6. GYPSUM:-

Gypsum in pure white flaks or in compact rocks with crystals of sulphur attached to it is found in the sulphur mines of the Puga rivulets.

7. GOLD: In the past, the practice of gold washing was obtained in parts of Ladakh but it was given up as the exercise was not economically viable.

8. FLUORITE:-

Fluorite mineralization has been noticed at Chumthang in conglomerate sandstones grites and subordinate shale’s of Indus formation. These are in close contract with the intrusive Chumthang granite. The fluorites reserves with a visual 50% grade are estimated to be of the order of 8000 tonnes.

27 9. STENLITE:-

This mineral has been reported from Puga Valley and Kamirup as veins in the carboniferous sediments.

10. SULPHIDES:-

Sulphides such as bchalcopyrite , broinite , galena azurite etc. have been reported from the Zanskar area.

The district is also rich in medicinal herbs. The government has coereed the concerned department for collection of ‘LANGTANG’ and ‘EPHEDREX’ to study the economic aspect of the extraction of these plants.

Live Stock 2008-09 Category of Animals Number of heads/birds 1 2 Cattles 36231 Dzo-Dzomoes 9495 Yak/Demoz 13420 Poultry 6093 Source: District statistical Handbook (2008-09)

Livestock is one of the mainstays of district’s domestic economy. With the Yak and Goat being the two most important animals. Yaks are shaggy, short statured, sturdy and sure footed animals of prodigious strength capable of negotiating the steepest of slopes, narrow frozen tracks and the coldest of climes. Feeding on snow and on small shrubs in the craggy terrain, they yield milk for butter, hair for ropes, and tents, hide foe boots , apron and baskets, horn for agriculture implements dung for fuel and meat for sustenance, thereby becoming the most important animal in the artic zone. The goats of the eastern region of the Chang Thang have extremely fine long staple fleece, Pashum famed for its end product of pashmina shawls. Its other products too help in the sustenance of daily life. As such rearing is an important occupation of the village folk. According to the department of sheep husbandry in 2007-08 there are 4 farms , 52 sheep centers and 3152 Animals in Farms and centres To take care of them there are 4 Livestock Dev. Officer & Above ,4 veterinary Asstt. Surgeons, 66 Flock supervisor/Block inspectors, 34 Stock Asstt, 148 Attendants, 35 others.

The district though a remote border land with virtually no surface communication for more than six months a year, has surprisingly never been isolated. Continuous cultural and commercial contact existed with the surrounding regions of Tibet, Himachal, Kashmir, Central Asia and Sinkiang.

28 This interaction helped maintain trade ties between the places.. Pashm, salt, borax, sulphur, spices, brocade, pearls, metals, carpet, tea and apricots were the merchandise exchanged in their marts. District being of difficult terrain, the road construction in such an area is Himalayan task.

Leh bazar has special attractions for the tourists with pretty women selling fruits , vegetables and typical Ladakhi Handicraft.. In one lane brisk bargains are stuck for rare trinklets including rings, bangles, necklaces, snuff boxes and pendants fashioned from wood , metal, yak bone, and semi- precious stones including amber , turquoise and jade

The world’s highest observatory has been set up at Hanle, Ladakh. It is remote controlled from Haskote near Bangalore via satellit . Ladakh the meeting point of indo-Tibetan and Central Asian cultures has the potential to be developed as a great tourist destination. Leh has an airport also Leh town has also a worldwide direct dialing telephone. Facilities besides a central post office and a central telegraph office.

Year No of Installed Capacity (MW) Utilized Actual Power Capacity Generation

Houses/ (MW) (Million

DG Sets Units) Thermal Total Hydro. Hydro. Diesel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2007-08 32 7.800 11 0 19.00 12.24 249.37 Source: PDD LEH Leh district is power deficient. The district has a district Hydel Project at Stakna generating 7.800 MWs of power and diesel generated electricity is 11 MWs The atmospheric conditions here are ideally suited for generating of solar energy .

POLICE ADMINISTRATIVE SETUP:-

Senior Superintendent of police is the head of police machinery in the district, who controls three police stations, and four police posts. Located at Leh, Nobra, Nyoma and Khalste, Housing colony Leh, Turtok Nobra, Choshul Nyoma respectively. To control the crime and to keep up law and order upto the mark in the district , the senior superintendent of police is assisted by the police hierarchy from followers to the rank of lonely Inspector making the total strength of police personals to 125. To have an easy access in this hilly and difficult topographic area , the said police machinery has been provided with four cars, 15 gipsys,, 7 Tata-407 , one jeep, one motor cycle, pair of buses, and trucks. One water tanker has also been put under the disposal of police , so that water like essential amenity is provided to needy at times. The police installations are concrete and equipped with all basic requirements.

29 NO. OF BANKS:-

There are 18 banks in the district with deposits of 5858051 lack Rupees. The district is blessed with11 branches of Jammu & Kashmir Bank followed by State Bank of India with its 5 branches and 1 branch of J&K State Cooperative Bank and one of Punjab national bank.The State Bank of India has provided foreign exchange facilities in Leh town. Judicial Setup:-

There are 3courts, functioning in the district viz: 1 District Session Judge, Leh, sub judge 1, and 1 Munsiff. Courts wherein in 2007-08 42 cases of different nature were recorded in which 2 stand as murder , 6 rape and 37 others Source:- Statistical Hand Book Leh 2007)

Number of Tourists in the District

Year Indian Foreigners Total 1 2 3 4 2007 22007 28178 50185 Source:- Tourist Deptt. Leh

Ladakh as a whole was introduced to tourism in 1974 prior to which there was no other economic activity than agriculture in the region. The source of attraction , called tourist product of Ladakh are the landscape , the mountains, cultural places, monasteries and palaces, festivals and above all , the heritage of Ladakh. In 1947 only 500 tourists visited Ladakh. The tourists arrival however, subsequently picked up During the last 20 years , the growth rate has been as high as 300 times over 1974 figure. Foreign tourists are attracted to Leh in large numbers. And in summer the Leh town virtually looks like a quarter of a western city surrounded by foreigners.

ROADS MAINTAINED BY PWD (KMS) Year Black Metaled Shingled Fair Jeep able Total Topped Weather 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2007-08 437.25 149.65 220.52 688.76 7 1503.18 Source:-PWD , LEH

The district is not only a rugged and difficult terrain but also a largest district in the country with distance from its eastern borders in Demjoke and its western end in Dah and Tongstet in north to Kharnak in south as long as 500 Kms each. The road constructed in such an area is a Himalayan task. Closure of passes during winter months and non availability of key material at the beginning of the working season further adds

Among the many social and cultural events of Ladakh the annual festivals held in the Buddhist monasteries constitute the most important part of the regions living heritage. These festivals

30 are held to commemorate the founding of a particular monastery or the birth anniversary of its patron saint or major events in the history and evolution of Tibetan Buddhism. Thousands of people turn out to attend these festivals in their tradition best, making every event a carnival of colours. For the local people, participation in these festivals serves the dual purpose of attaining religious merit and social entertainment , while for the visitors they afford an opportunity to experience the richness of the religious and cultural heritage of Ladakh.

Gram Panchayats - Its composition, jurisdiction and role in the development of village and its economy.

Jammu and Kashmir Panchayati Raj Act 1989 provides for a 3 tier system (Village, Block and District level) for governance at the grass root. The institution thus created is called Halqa Panchayat, Block Development Council and District Planning and Development Board respectively. Every halqa panchayat has 6 to 11 panchs and a sarpanch who leads the HalqaPanchayat.the sarpanch and panchs are elected directly by the electorate of halqa panchayat. There is also another person by the name of Naib sarpanch and he is nominated by all the panchas of halqa panchayat during first notified meeting of the halqa panchayat after its constitution. Naib sarpanch performs the same duties as the sarpanch in the event of sarpanch not being in the position to fulfill his/ her duties. The sarpanch, naib sarpanch and every panch of the Halqa Panchayat holds the office for a period of five years from the date of its constitution. The village level worker or multipurpose worker or the gramsavika functions as the secretary of the Halqa Panchayat.

Powers and Functions.

In this act, it shall be the duty of each Hlaqa Panchayat to make provision for the following subjects to the availability of funds at its disposal:

I. To prepare the plans for the development of the Halqa. II. To undertake measures to implementation of the developmental plans. III. To specifically deal with the problem of soil conservation, water management, social forestry, rural industrialization, agriculture, sheep and animal husbandry, sanitation, health and other welfare programmes. IV. Regulations of buildings, shops and entertainment houses and checking of offensive or dangerous trades. V. Construction and maintenance of slaughter houses, regulation of sale and preservation of meat and processing of skins and hides.

31 VI. Regulation of sale and preservation of fish, vegetable and other perishable articles and food. VII. Regulation of fairs and festivals. VIII. Preparation and implementation of social development plans for alleviating poverty and employment generation through and besides programmes, like integrated rural Development programme, National Rural Employment Programme, Rural Landless Employment guarantee Programme and Housing of Scheduled Castes and Backward Classes. IX. All matters involving regulation, supervision, maintenance and support, incidental to necessary for more efficient discharge of above functions and those which may be entrusted to Halqa panchayat, under the provision of Act (2) the Halqa panchayat shall be involved in the implementation of scheme of universalization of elementary education and other educational programmes. The Halqa Panchayat shall also perform such other functions and duties as may be assigned or entrusted to it by the government, the District Planning and Development Board and the Block Development Council within the area of which Halqa Panhayat is constituted.

32 (ii) CENSUS CONCEPTS

Building:

A ‘Building’ is generally a single structure on the ground. Usually a structure will have four walls and a roof. Sometimes it is made up of more than one component unit which are used or likely to be used as dwellings (residences) or establishments such as shops, business houses, offices, factories, workshops, work sheds, Schools, places of entertainment, places of worship, godowns, stores etc. It is also possible that building which have component units may be used for a combination of purposes such as shop-cum-residence, workshop-cum- residence, office-cum-residence etc. But in some areas the very nature of construction of houses is such that there may not be any wall. Such is the case of conical structures where entrance is also provided but they may not have any walls. Therefore, such of the conical structures are also treated as separate buildings.

Pucca houses:

Houses, the walls and roof of which are made of permanent materials. The material of walls can be any one from the following, namely, Stones (duly packed with lime or cement mortar), G.I/metal/ asbestos sheets, Burnt bricks, Cement bricks, Concrete. Roof may be made of from any one of the following materials, namely, Machine-made tiles, Cement tiles, Burnt bricks, Cement bricks, Stone, Slate, G.I/Metal/Asbestos sheets, Concrete. Such houses are treated as Pucca house.

Kutcha houses:

Houses in which both walls and roof are made of materials, which have to be replaced frequently. Walls may be made from any one of the following temporary materials, namely, grass, Unburnt bricks, bamboos, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, plastic /polythene, loosed packed stone, etc. Such houses are treated as Kutcha house.

Dwelling Room:

A room is treated as a dwelling room if it has walls with a doorway and a roof and should be wide and long enough for a person to sleep in, i.e. it should have a length of not less than 2 meters and a breadth of at least 1.5 meters and a height of 2 meters. A dwelling room would include living room, bedroom, dining room, drawing room, study room,

33 servant’s room and other habitable rooms. Kitchen, bathroom, latrine, store room, passageway and verandah which are not normally usable for living are not considered as dwelling rooms. A room, used for multipurpose such as sleeping, sitting, dining, storing, cooking, etc., is regarded as a dwelling room. In a situation where a census house is used as a shop or office., etc., and the household also stays in it then the room is not considered as a dwelling room. But if a garage or servant quarter is used by a servant and if she/ he also lives in it as a separate household then this has been considered as a dwelling room available to the servant’s household. Tent or conical shaped hut if used for living by any household is also considered as dwelling room. A dwelling room, which is shared by more than one household, has not been counted for any of them. If two households have a dwelling room each but in addition also share a common dwelling room, then the common room has not been counted for either of the households.

Census House:

A ‘census house’ is a building or part of a building used or recognized as a separate unit because of having a separate main entrance from the road or common courtyard or staircase, etc. It may be occupied or vacant. It may be used for residential or non- residential purpose or both. If a building has a number of Flats or Blocks/Wings, which are independent of one another having separate entrances of their own from the road or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading to a main gate, these are considered as a separate Census house.

Village:

The basic unit for rural areas is the revenue village, which has definite surveyed boundaries. The revenue village may comprise of one or more hamlets but the entire village is treated as one unit for presentation of data. In un surveyed areas, like villages within forest areas, each habitation area with locally recognized boundaries is treated as one village.

Rural-Urban area:

The data in the census are presented separately for rural and urban areas. The unit of classification in this regard is ‘town’ for urban areas and ‘village’ for rural areas. The urban area comprises two types of towns viz; Statutory towns and Census towns. In the Census of India 2011, the definition of urban area adopted is as follows:

(a) Statutory Towns: All places with a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc are known as statutory towns.

34 (b) Census Towns: All other places satisfying the following three criteria simultaneously are treated as Census Towns.

i) A minimum population of 5,000;

ii) At least 75 per cent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits; and

iii) A density of population of at least 400 per sq. km. (1,000 per sq. mile)

For identification of places which would qualify to be classified as ‘urban’ all villages, which, as per the 2001 Census had a population of 4,000 and above, a population density of 400 persons per sq. km. and having at least 75 per cent of male working population engaged in non-agricultural activity were considered. To work out the proportion of male working population referred to above against b) (ii), the data relating to main workers were taken into account. In addition the above stated towns, urban areas also constitutes of OGs which are the parts of UAs.

City:

Towns with population of 100,000 and above are called cities.

Urban Agglomeration:

An Urban Agglomeration is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining urban outgrowths (OGs) or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without urban outgrowths of such towns. In some cases, railway colonies, university campuses, port areas, military camps etc. may come up near a statutory town outside its statutory limits but within the revenue limits of a village or villages contiguous to the town. Each such individual area by itself may not satisfy the minimum population limit to qualify it to be treated as an independent urban unit but may qualify to be clubbed with the exiting town as their continuous urban spread (i.e., an Out Growth). Each such town together with its outgrowth(s) is treated as an integrated urban area and is designated as an ‘urban agglomeration’. For the purpose of delineation of Urban Agglomerations during Census of India 2011, following criteria has been adopted:

(a) The core town or at least one of the constituent towns of an urban agglomeration should necessarily be a statutory town; and

35 (b) The total population of an Urban Agglomeration (i.e. all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations which have been treated as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity.

Out Growth (OG):

The outgrowth is a viable unit such as a village or a hamlet or an enumeration block and clearly identifiable in terms of its boundaries and location. While determining the outgrowth of a town, it has been ensured that it possesses the urban features in terms of infrastructure and amenities such as pucca roads, electricity, taps, drainage system for disposal of waste water etc., educational institutions, post offices, medical facilities, banks etc and physically contiguous with the core town of the UA.

Household:

A ‘household’ is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a common household. Each such person was to be treated as a separate household. The important link in finding out whether it was a household or not was a common kitchen/common cooking. There may be one member households, two member households or multi-member households.

Institutional Household:

A group of unrelated persons who live in an institution and take their meals from a common kitchen is called an Institutional Household. Examples of Institutional Households are boarding houses, messes, hostels, hotels, rescue homes, observation homes, beggars homes, jails, ashrams, old age homes, children homes, orphanages, etc. To make the definition more clearly perceptible to the enumerators at the Census 2011, it was specifically mentioned that this category or households would cover only those households where a group of unrelated persons live in an institution and share a common kitchen.

36 Houseless household:

Households who do not live in buildings or census houses but live in the open or roadside, pavements, in hume pipes, under flyovers and staircases, or in the open in places of worship, mandaps, railway platforms, etc., are treated as Houseless Households.

Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes:

Determination of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population is mandatory in each decennial Census since 1951. Both the SC population and the ST population are enumerated/counted strictly as per the SCs lists and the STs list valid within the jurisdiction of the State or Union Territory at the time of Census. “Article 341 of the Constitution provides that (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the castes, races or tribes or parts of or groups within castes, races or tribes which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Castes in relation to that State or Union territory, as the case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Castes specified in a notification issued under clause (1) any caste, race or tribe or part of or group within any caste, race or tribe, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification”. Similarly “Article 342 provides that (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor thereof, by public notification, specify the tribes or tribal communities or parts of or groups within tribes or tribal communities which shall for the purposes of this Constitution be deemed to be Scheduled Tribes in relation to that State or Union territory, as the case may be. (2) Parliament may by law include in or exclude from the list of Scheduled Tribes specified in a notification issued under clause (1) any tribe or tribal community or part of or group within any tribe or tribal community, but save as aforesaid a notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any subsequent notification”. It is important to mention here that under the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950, no person who professed a religion different from Hinduism was deemed to be a member of a Scheduled Castes in addition to every member of a Scheduled Castes in addition to every member of the Ramdasi, Kabirpanthi, Majhabi or Sikligar Castes resident in Punjab or Patiala and East Punjab States Union were in relation to that State whether they professed

37 the Hindu or the Sikh religion. Subsequently, in September 1956, by an amendment, the Presidential Order of 1950 and in all subsequent Presidential Orders relating to Scheduled Castes, the Hindu and the Sikh religions were placed on the same footing with regard to the specification of Scheduled Castes. Later on, as per the amendment made in the Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order 1990, the Hindu, the Sikh and the Buddhist were placed on the same footing with regard to the recognition of the Scheduled Castes. There are 36 notified Scheduled Castes as per ‘The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Lists (Modification) Order, 1956 and added by Act 31 of 1966 applicable for the Union Territory are given below:

The list of SCs applicable in the State is given hereunder:-

1. Barwala 8. Gardi 2. Basith 9. Jolaha 3. Batwal 10. Megh or Kabirpanthi 4. Chamar or Ramdasia, Chamar- 11. Ratal Ravidas, Chamar-Rohidas 5. Chura, Bhangi, Balmiki, Mehtar 12. Saryara 6. Dhyar 13. Watal 7. Doom or Mahasha

The list of STs applicable in the State is given hereunder:- 1. Bakarwal 7. Gaddi 2. Balti 8. Garra 3. Beda 9. Gujjar 4. Bot, Boto 10. Mon 5. Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, Shin 11. Purigpa 6. Changpa 12. Sippi

Language and Mother tongue:

As per the census concept, each language is a group of mother tongues. The census questionnaire collects information on the mother tongue of each person. Mother tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. If the mother died in infancy, the language mainly spoken in the person’s home in childhood will be the mother tongue. In the case of infants and deaf mutes, the language usually spoken by the mother is considered as mother tongue. It is not necessary that the language spoken as mother tongue should have a script. The mother tongues returned by the respondents in census are classified and grouped under appropriate languages according to their linguistic characteristics.

38 Literate:

A person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding in any language is taken as literate. A person who can only read but cannot write is not literate. It is not necessary that to be considered as literate, a person should have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard. Literacy could have been achieved through adult literacy classes or through any non-formal educational system. People who are blind and can read in Braille are treated as literates.

Literacy rate:

Literacy rate of the population is defined as the percentage of literates in the age-group seven years and above. For different age-groups the percentage of literates in that age-group gives the literacy rate.

Educational level:

The highest level of education a person has completed.

Work:

Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in ‘work’ as defined above are workers. The main point to note is that the activity should be economically productive. Reference period for determining a person as worker and non-worker is one year preceding the date of enumeration.

Main worker:

A person who has worked for major part of the reference period (i.e. six months or more during the last one year preceding the date of enumeration) in any economically productive activity is termed as ‘Main worker’.

39 Marginal worker:

A person who worked for 3 months or less but less than six months of the reference period (i.e. in the last one year preceding the date of enumeration) in any economic activity is termed as ‘Marginal worker’.

Non-worker:

A person who has not worked at all in any economically productive activity during the reference period (i.e. last one year preceding the date of enumeration) is termed as ‘Non worker’.

Cultivator:

For purposes of the Census, a person is classified as cultivator if he or she is engaged in cultivation of land owned or from government or from private persons or institutions for payment in money, kind or share. Cultivation also includes effective supervision or direction in cultivation. Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing, harvesting and production of cereals and millet crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, etc., and other crops such as sugarcane, tobacco, ground-nuts, tapioca, etc., and pulses, raw jute and kindred fiber crop, cotton, cinchona and other medicinal plants, fruit growing, vegetable growing or keeping orchards or groves, etc. Cultivation does not include the plantation crops like– tea, coffee, rubber, coconut and betel nuts (areca). The workers engaged in Plantation crops are recorded under “other workers”.

Agricultural labourer:

A person who works on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or share is regarded as an agricultural labourer. She/he has no risk in the cultivation, but merely works on another person’s land for wages. An agricultural labourer has no right of lease or contract on land on which she/he works.

Household industry worker:

Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the household at home or within the village in rural areas and only within the precincts of the

40 house where the household lives in urban areas. The larger proportion of workers in household industry should consist of members of the household. The industry should not be run on the scale of a registered factory which would qualify or has to be registered under the Indian Factories Act and should be engaged in manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs of goods. The activity relate to production, processing, servicing, repairing or making and selling of goods. It does not include professions such as a pleader, Doctor, Musician, Dancer, Waterman, Astrologer, Dhobi, Barber, etc. or merely trade or business, even if such professions, trade or services are run at home by members of the household.

Other worker:

A person, who has been engaged in some economic activity during the last year of reference period but not as a cultivator or agricultural labourer or worker in Household Industry. The type of workers that come under this category include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce, business, transport, banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests, entertainment artists, etc. In fact, all those workers other than cultivators or agricultural labourers or household industry workers are ‘Other Workers’.

Work participation rate:

Percentage of Workers (Main + Marginal) to total population.

Population density:

Population density is the number of persons inhabited per square kilometer of the area.

Age:

Age is measured in terms of the completed number of years.

Sex Ratio:

Number of females per 1,000 males in a population.

41 (iii) NON-CENSUS CONCEPTS

Concepts used in VD and TD of DCHB:

1. Educational Amenities:-The type of different educational facilities available in the village is given in numbers. Both Government and private educational facilities / institutions are considered for this-purpose. If there are composite schools like Middle schools with Primary classes, or Secondary schools with middle classes, these are included in the number of Primary and Middle schools respectively. For example, if in a village there are two Primary schools and one Middle school with primary classes, the number of Primary schools in the village are given as three and that of Middle school as one even though there may be only three educational institutions. So also in case of Secondary schools. For better understanding, the distinctiveness of different types of schools is depicted hereunder:

1.1 Pre-primary (PP): Now-a-days, the children are sent to schools at a very early stage. Lot of pre-primary schools, private schools in particular, have come up in villages and towns. These may or may not be recognized by the competent authorities. Even many Secondary schools have classes starting from pre-primary level. Pre-primary classes include Nursery, K.G., Pre-basic, Play school, etc.

1.2 Primary School (P): Schools providing education from Standard 1 and upward up to and inclusive of Standard V are classified as Primary Schools.

1.3 Middle School (M): Schools providing education from Standard VI and upward up to and inclusive of Standard VIII are classified as Middle Schools. A School with Class 1 to VIII is treated as two units, i.e. one Primary School and one Middle School.

1.4 Secondary School (S): Schools providing education from Standard IX and upwards up to and inclusive of Standard X are classified as Secondary Schools. A composite school with 1 to X standard is treated as three separate units and counted separately under the categories of Primary School, Middle School and Secondary School.

1.5 Senior Secondary School (SS): Schools and colleges that provide education for Standards XI and XII and first and second year of the Pre-University Course fall under this category. There are Senior Secondary Schools with Standard I and upwards up to Standard XII.

1.6. Degree College: (i) Arts/Science/Commerce: These are all educational institutions that provide post-PUC level education leading to University degree/diploma in any subject

42 or combination of subjects and also post-graduate levels of education. The college offering courses in Arts, Science or Commerce either separately or in combination are covered under this category.

(ii) Engineering College (E): It is a graduate/post-graduate degree college providing Bachelor of Engineering (BE) or Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.) or post-graduate engineering degrees like M.Tech.

(iii) Medical Colleges: These are graduate/post-graduate degree colleges providing MBBS or equivalent degree in alternative medicine like Ayurveda, Unani, Homeopathy etc. or post-graduate medical degrees like M.D or equivalent in the above branches of medicine.

1.7. Management College/ Institute (MI): It offers courses like Diploma in Management, Post-Graduate Diploma in Management, Masters of Business Administration (MBA) and specializations in different disciplines of Management like Marketing, Human Resources Development (HRD) etc.

1.8. Polytechnic (Pt): An Institution providing certificate/diploma (not equivalent to degree) in any technical subject like engineering, vocational courses like embroidery, fashion designing etc. It may be both Government and Private.

1.9. Vocational School/ITI: It is a vocational training institute imparting trainings in specific fields acquiring necessary skill, which will make the trainees employable or create them opportunities of self-employment. Trainings offered by Industrial Training Institutes (ITI) fall under this category.

1.10. Non-formal Education/Training Centre (NFTC): Non-vocational education centers, established by the Central and State Governments provide educational facilities to the interested persons irrespective of educational qualification, and age. These education centers are open to all.

1.11. Special School for Disabled: There are Government and Government recognized institutions/organizations engaged for providing education to different groups of disabled persons.

2. Medical Facilities:

43 2.1 Hospital-Allopathic and Hospital-Alternative medicine: A hospital is an Institution, where sick or injured are given medical or surgical care. Bed strength differs from hospital to hospital ranging from 31 to 500 depending upon whether these are sub- district, sub-divisional or district hospitals. If there is hospitals providing facilities under different systems of medicines such as, Allopathy, Ayuveda, Unani and Homeopathy etc., these details are given separately.

(a) Allopathy: The system of medical practice, which treats disease by the use of remedies which produce effects different from those produced by the disease under treatment.

(b) Ayurveda: Ayurveda means ‘Science of life’. The philosophy of Ayurveda is based on the theory of Pancha Mahabhootas (Five elements) of which all the objects and living bodies are composed of. The combination of these five elements are represented in the form of Tridosha: Vata, Pitta and Kapha. These three ‘doshas’ are physiological entities of living beings. Ayurveda developed into eight distinct specialities, i.e., Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Eye and ENT, Surgery, Toxicology, Geriatrics and Science of virility. Two types of treatments, Preventive and Curative, are given in Ayurveda.

(c) Unani: Treatment of Unani consists of three components, namely, preventive, promotive and curative. Unani system of medicine has been found to be efficacious in conditions like Rheumatic Artharitis. Jaundice, Filarisis, Eczema, Sinusitis and Bronchial Asthma. For the prevention of the disease and promotion of health, the Unani System emphasizes six essentials: pure air, food and water, physical movement and rest, psychic movement and rest, sleep and wakefulness and retention of useful materials and evacuation of waste materials from the body.

(d) Homoeopathy: Treatment in Homoeopathy, which is holistic in nature, focuses on an individual’s response to a specific environment. Homoeopathic medicines are prepared mainly from natural substances such as plant products, minerals and animal sources. Homoeopathic

44 medicines do not have any toxic, poisonous or side effects. Homoeopathic treatment is economical as well and has a very broad public acceptance.

2.2 Community Health Centre (CHC): Community Health Centres are designed to provide referral health care for cases from PHC and those in need of specialist health care approaching the CHC directly. 4 PHCs are included under each CHC thus catering approximately 80,000 populations in tribal/hilly areas and 1, 20,000 populations for plain areas. CHC is a 30- bedded hospital providing specialist care in Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Surgery and Paediatrics.

2.3 Primary Health Centre (PHC): A Primary Health Centre is the first contact point between a village community and the Government medical officer. A PHC covers a population of 20,000 in hilly, tribal or difficult areas and 30,000 populations in plain areas with 4-6 indoor/observation beds. It acts as a referral unit for 6 sub-centres. It has a medical officer and para medical staff.

2.4 Primary Health Sub- Centre (PHS): A Primary Health Sub-centre is the first contact point between the primary health care system and the community. As per the population norms, one PHS is established for every 5,000 population in plain areas and 3,000 population in hilly/ tribal/ desert areas. Each PHS has a sanctioned strength of one male and one female health worker.

2.5 Maternity and Child Welfare Centre (MCW): It provides pre-natal and post-natal services for both mother and child. The services include regular check-up of pregnant women, giving folic tablets, counselling, delivery, immunization of children with check-up etc.

2.6 TB Clinic (TBC): The diagnosis and treatment of TB are functions of the general health services and hence it is a part and parcel of Primary Health Care. Specialized units such as the District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC) act as referral centres. TB clinics are established by the Government of India under the National Tuberculosis Control Programme and implemented through a network of DTC. The DTC is the nodal point for TB control activities in the district and it also functions as a specialized referral centre. The functions of sub-district level Tuberculosis Unit (TU) are implementation, monitoring and supervision of TB control activities in its designated geographical areas.

45 2.7 Health Centre: Clinic where medicine and medical supplies are dispensed. It has no in- patient facility. A clinic (or an outpatient clinic) is a small private or public health facility that is devoted to the care of outpatients, often in a community, in contrast to larger hospitals, which also treat inpatients.

2.8 Dispensary: Place where patients are treated and medicines provided but with no in- patient facility. Immunizations, MCH Services and sometimes pathological tests are carried out here. It may be of allopathic or any alternative medicine.

2.9 Veterinary Hospital: Mostly run by the State Government or local body for treatment and preventive measures against diseases of domestic animals like cows, buffaloes etc in rural areas.

2.10 Mobile Health Clinic: These are Mobile vans well equipped with a range of health services to villages located far away from the CHCs, PHCs or any public health sources. The vans visit villages on designated days to deliver the health care services. The services generally offered are OPD, ante-natal and post-natal, B.P. examination, X-ray, ECG, Immunization, First Aid etc.

2.11 Family Welfare Centre: Check-up and counselling is provided to the pregnant and married women regarding small family norm and devices for having a small family. Temporary and permanent contraceptive devices are provided here.

2.12 Nursing Home: A nursing home is a long –term care facility licensed by the state that offers 24-hour room and board and health care services including basic and skilled nursing care, rehabilitation and a full range of other therapies, treatments and programs to old and sick people. The difference between a hospital and a nursing home is that a nursing home gives importance to convalescence from a disease while a hospital gives medical treatment for the disease.

2.13 Medicine Shop: A shop which sells drugs and medicines of any system of medicine viz. allopathic, homeopathic, ayurvedic or unani medicines, is considered as a medicine shop. Sometimes some shops and Paan shops also keep ordinary medicines, like Crocin, Burnol etc. These shops are not taken as medicine shops.

3. Drinking water: The following are the main source of drinking water facility (ies) available in the village.

46 3.1 Tap Water-treated: This source of drinking water refers to a source of drinking water which is provided to the villagers through pipes within their premises or to the villagers through common taps (public taps/community water points) by the Government departments, local bodies, panchayats, public or private estate agencies, etc. after treatment. Such a source is treated as ‘Tap water from treated source’.

3.2 Tap Water-un-treated: If the villagers are drawing drinking water through pipes either directly from a well or bore well or after pumping the well or tube well water, or the water is supplied through pipes to the households of the village or through public taps without treatment. Such a source is treated as ‘Tap water from un-treated source’.

3.3 Covered Well (CW): A well that is (1) covered on sides from run-off water (i.e., excess water from rain, snowmelt or other sources flows over the land) through a wall lining or casting that is raised above ground level on a platform that diverts spilled water away from the well and (2) covered so that bird droppings and animals cannot fall down the hole. It is considered as covered well.

3.4 Un-covered Well (UW): A well which is (1) un-covered on sides from runoff water, (2) un-covered from bird droppings and animals; or (3) both.

3.5 Hand Pump (HP): Hand pump means where ground water is taken out manually by operating a hand pump.

3.6 Tube well / Borehole (TW): Tube well denotes the ground water source from where ground water is taken out through electrical or diesel pump. Spring, River/Canal, Tank/Pond/Lark are self-explanatory.

4. Community Toilet Complex: Community Toilet may be constructed and maintained by Gram Panchayats or Private NGOs like Sulabh Sauchalaya or likes.

5. Rural Sanitary Mart or Sanitary Hardware Outlet (RSM): It is an outlet dealing with the materials, hardware and designs required for the construction of not only sanitary latrines but other sanitary facilities such as compost pit, washing platform and other sanitation and hygiene accessories required for individuals, households and the environment in the rural areas.

47 6. Community bio-gas or recycle of waste for productive use: Many of the solid wastes having economic values but put for disposal can be recycled for reuse. For example, food, cow dung, leaves, vegetable, paper, wood, plastics, old cloth etc. However, some of the wastes are not recyclable. These are carbon paper, thermo coal etc. When recyclable solid wastes is subjected to decomposition, bio-gas could be produced under favourable conditions. These systems of recycling may be there at the village level organized by Gram Panchayats with technical support from Governments or non-government organizations.

7. Communication and transport Facilities:

7.1 Post Office (PO): Self-explanatory.

7.2 Sub-Post Office (SPO): Sub-post office includes Extra Departmental Post Offices and those providing franchise postal services and also part time services in lieu of some honorarium. The limited postal services include sale of stamps, receipt of letters and money orders and also distribution of letters.

7.3 Post & Telegraph Office (PTO): Telegraph office is set up by the Government to enable people to send or receive telegrams. If the phonogram facility is available (though the Telegraph office may not be equipped with Morse Code Transmitters), the village is considered to be having telegraph facility.

7.4 Telephones (landlines): If the village is having the Public Call Office (PCO) either run by the Post Office or by individuals or by a private shop, then the village is considered to be having telephone facility.

7.5 Public Call Office (PCO)/Mobile PCO: Self-explanatory.

7.6 Mobile Phone Coverage: Mobile phones are now very common particularly in urban areas. Some villages by virtue of being in close proximity to the urban areas also enjoy the benefits of the mobile phone services. Even if a few villagers avail the services of mobile phones, then the village is considered to be having access to mobile phone.

7.7 Internet Cafes/Common Service Centres (CSC): If the village is having the facility of Cyber Cafes or shops owned by private individuals providing the facility of surfing of the internet, then the village is considered to be having access to internet/cyber cafe facility. Government of India formulated the scheme of CSC with the vision of providing all government services in an integrated manner at the door step of the citizen

48 at an affordable cost even in the remotest corners of the country through a combination of it based as well as non-IT based services.

7.8 National Highway (NH): These are main highways running through the length and breadth of the country. Each NH is numbered like NH-1, NH-2 for easy identification.

7.9 State Highway (SH): These are roads of a state linking district headquarters and important cities within a State and connecting them with NHs or Highways of the neighboring States.

7.10 Major District Roads (MDR): These are important roads within a district, serving areas of production and markets and connecting these with each other or with the main Highways.

7.11 Other District Roads (ODR): These are roads serving rural areas of production and providing them with outlet to market centres, taluka headquarters, block development headquarters or other main roads.

7.12 Village Road: The approach to village refers to the state of road etc., leading to the village. This is to see whether the village is approachable both in fair and foul weather, and whether it is inaccessible only for some time in the year.

7.13 Black-Topped (Pucca) Road (BTR): A road provided with a bituminous surfacing.

7.14 Gravel (Kuchha) Road (GR): A road constructed using well compacted crushed rock or gravel material (coarse sand, small stones), which is fairly resilient and does not become slippery when wet.

7.15 Water Bound Macadam (WBM): This is the road layer made of crushed or broken mixture of sand and rock fragments mechanically interlocked by rolling and voids filled with screening and binding material with the assistance of water.

7.16 Foot Path (FP): A trodden path for the use by pedestrians and in some cases bicycles. The Foot Paths are not suitable for vehicular traffic except bicycles in some cases. Most of the interior/forest villages are connected by Foot Paths.

8. Banks and Credit Societies: - Banking facility means a place where a person can operate a bank account.

49 8.1 Commercial Bank (CB): These may be banks wholly owned by the Government of India or by Indian or Foreign Companies.

8.2 Cooperative Banks (Coop. B): A co-operative bank is a financial entity which belongs to its members, who are at the same time the owners and the customers of their bank. Cooperative banks are often created by persons belonging to the some local or professional community or sharing a common interest. These banks are registered under the Cooperative Societies Act. The cooperative banks are regulated by RBI and are covered by the Banking Regulations Act, 1949.

8.3 Agricultural Credit Society (ACS): Major objectives of the ACS are to supply agricultural credit to meet the requirements of funds for agricultural production, the distribution of essential consumer commodities, the provision of storage and marketing facilities and for light agricultural implements and machinery.

8.4 Non-Agricultural Credit Society (NCS): These societies include consumer cooperative societies and also credit cooperative societies of certain categories of persons like teachers, health workers, etc.

9. Miscellaneous Facilities:

9.1 Self-help Group (SHG): Self-Help Groups are groups of between 10-25 women created by either NGOs or under the SGSY (Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana) for the purposes of meeting local credit needs. They are sometimes called Mahila Mandals in villages.

9.2 Public Distribution System (PDS) shop: The shops through which some essential commodities are sold by the government at subsidized rates. They may also be known as ration shops and control shops.

9.3 Mandis/Regular Market: These are those clusters of shops with or without fixed premises which are open on at least six days a week and opens at least from morning hours to dusk.

9.4 Weekly Haat: These are those clusters of shops with or without fixed premises which are open once a week.

9.5 Agricultural Marketing Society: It is a common platform to analyse the issues among all the individuals and institutions in the field of agricultural marketing.

50 9.6 Nutrition Centre: Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS): The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme set up by the Government of India with the objective of providing following package of services to the children under 6 years and pregnant and lactating mothers in villages such as; Immunization, Health Check-up, Referral Services, Pre-school Non-formal Education and Nutrition & Health Education.

9.7 Anganwadi Centre: Each centre under the ICDS scheme is run by an Anganwadi Worker. One Anganwadi worker is appointed for specified population of the village. They are basically local women. They are assisted by Anganwadi helper. They provide pre-school non-formal education at the Centre and provide food to the children.

9.8 Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA): ASHA is a health activist in the community who will create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilize the community towards local health planning and increased utilization and accountability of the existing health services. She would be a promoter of good health practices. She will also provide a minimum package of curative care as appropriate and feasible for that level and make timely referrals. She will act as a motivator of different types of health related activities. Unlike ANM, she will not be involved in any clinical activities like immunization.

9.9 Sports Club/Recreation Centre: Indoor and out-door games are arranged by the Club and activities like wrestling, Judo Karate etc. are also done there.

9.10 Cinema/Video Hall (CV): If regular cinema houses licensed by Government are available, then the town/village is considered to be having the facility of Cinema Hall. Video hall owners screen films in their own or hired premises.

9.11 Public Library: Books are kept there which can be accessed by the public on loan basis. These may be sponsored by Government or Local Body or Panchayat or any influential person. Free service or nominal charges are made for using the facility.

9.12 Public Reading Room: Here the public may read newspapers and magazines. These may be sponsored by Government or Local Body or Panchayat or any influential person.

9.13 Newspaper Supply: The availability of the Newspaper(s), both in English or vernacular, in the village is considered to having the said facility.

10. Availability of Electricity/Power. If power is actually available, whatever may be the form of its use, it is indicated affirmative. If the village is having electricity for domestic

51 purposes and the residents are using the same for domestic use, then it is considered that domestic power supply is available. If the electricity authority has not given domestic supply to the households on their request and people are using unauthorized electricity either by stealthily or misuse the supply meant for agricultural or industrial purposes, then it is not considered as availability of electricity for domestic purposes. However, if the village goes out of power due to temporary technical problems such as, transformer failures, theft of electrical equipment, etc., it is considered that electricity is available. Supply of electricity is considered available even when there is a temporary ban on new domestic connections. Connections to residential houses, bungalows, clubs, hostels and hospitals run on non- commercial basis, charitable, educational and religious institutions are included in the domestic category.

10.1 Power Supply for domestic use: This category includes electricity used only for domestic consumption.

10.2 Power supply for agricultural use: This category includes all electricity connections given to the farmers for conducting various agricultural activities including irrigation.

10.3 Power supply for commercial use: This category includes electricity connections given for workshops, industries etc. or for any commercial purposes.

10.4 Power supply for all uses: This category includes electricity connection is available for domestic use, agricultural use, and for any commercial purposes.

11. Land Use Pattern: The land use area of the villages is given in hectares. The land use pattern in the Village Directory conforms to the pattern of classification of land use as recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The Ministry has recommended the maintenance of records of land use pattern under the 9 categories as indicated in the Village Directory.

12. System of drainage: Generally, by drainage system, we mean the network of mains and branches of underground conduits for the conveyance of sewerage to the point of disposal. Sewers that carry only household and industrial wastage are called separate sewers; those that carry storm water from roofs, streets and other surfaces are known as storm water drains, while those carrying both sewage and storm water are called combined sewers. However, in towns, which are not provided with such underground sewerage system, it is mentioned whether it has

52 open drainage system. There may be possibility of the town having both closed as well as open drainage systems.

13. Type of latrines: The data on various types of latrines both public and private together are collected. The three types of latrines considered here are, Pit Latrine, Flush/Pour Flush Latrine and Service Latrine.

(i) Pit System: The latrines are attached to the pit that is dug into the ground for the reception of night soil, are reckoned as pit latrine.

(ii) Flush/pour flush: A flush latrine uses a cistern or holding tank for flushing water and has a water seal, which is a U-shaped pipe, below the seat or squatting pan that prevents the passage of flies and odours. A pour flush latrine uses a water seal, but unlike a flush latrine, a pour flush latrine uses water poured by hand for flushing (no cistern is used).

(iii) Service: Type of latrine from where night soil is removed manually by scavengers. All other types of latrines are covered under “Others” category.

14. Protected Water Supply- Source and capacity of Storage system: There are various sources of water supply and its storage system in the town.

14.1 Service Reservoir: A service reservoir is a water storage container that holds clean water after it has been treated in a water plant, and before it is piped to the end users. These containers are covered, and are designed to keep the water safe from contamination. Their main purpose is to provide a buffer within the water supply system so that water supplies can be maintained across periods of varying demand.

14.2 River Infiltration Gallery: Infiltration Galleries are capable of supplying large quantities of water, and are used where wells are unable to supply water needs, i.e. where an impermeable rock barrier affects well efficiency, or where surface water sources are too shallow for intake screens. Infiltration galleries are one or more horizontal screens placed adjacent to (on-shore), or directly underneath (bed-mounted), a surface water source.

53 14.3 Bore Well Pumping System: A bore well is a well of 6" to 12" in diameter drilled into the earth for retrieving water. The depth of a bore well can vary from 50 feet to 3000 feet. Water is pumped out to surface through electricity/generator.

14.4 Pressure Tank: Tank that is used to ensure consistent water pressure and for storage of water. Usually located in basement of house but sometimes (in older settings) located in well pit.

15. Road lighting (Points): Road lighting means the number of street lights that are maintained in the town.

16. Home Orphanage: Orphanageis the name to describe a residential institution devoted to the care of orphans–children whose parents are deceased or otherwise unable to care for them. Parents, and sometimes grandparents, are legally responsible for supporting children, but in the absence of these or other relatives willing to care for the children, they become a ward of the state, and orphanages are a way of providing for their care and housing.

17. Working women's hostel: These may be recognised or non-recognised by any public authority. The data on number of working women's hostels available in the town are collected with number of seats.

18. Old Age Home: There are two types of Old Age Homes in India. One is the "Free" type which cares for the destitute old people who have no one else to care for them. They are given shelter, food, clothing and medical care. The second type is the "Paid" home where care is provided for a fee. Nowadays, such "Retirement" homes have become very popular in India and they are well worth considering.

19. Stadium: A stadium is a place, or venue, for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts or other events, consisting of a field or stage partly or completely surrounded by a structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.

20. Auditorium/Community Hall: These are the places where meetings, social functions etc. are organised.

54 Civic status of urban units:

Civic Status of a town/city is determined on the basis of Civic Administrative Authority of the town e.g., Municipal Corporation / Corporation, Municipal Committee / Municipal council, Municipality etc.

Size class of U.A./town:

Size-class of U.A./Town is based on the population size of the U.A./City/Town.

U.A.s/Towns with 100,000 and above population are classified as Class I U.A.s/ Towns. Towns with 50,000 to 99,999 population are classified as Class II towns, 20,000 to 49,999 population are Class III towns, population with 10,000- 19,999 are Class IV towns, population with 5,000 and 9,999 are Class V towns and towns with less than 5,000 population are Class VI towns.

Slum area:

The Slum Areas (Improvement and Clearance) Act, 1956, which was enacted by the Central Government defined slums as (a) Areas where buildings are in any respect unfit for human habitation; or (b) are by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangement and design of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement of streets, lack of ventilation, light or sanitation facilities, or any combination of these factors, are detrimental to safety, health or morals.

Mega city:

The concept of ‘Mega city’ is a recent phenomenon in the Urban Sociology and is defined in term of metropolitan city in the form of large size, problem of management of civic amenities and capacity to absorb the relatively high growth of population. Indian Census in 1991 treated the population size of 5 million and above as the cutoff point to identify a place as the mega city. Whereas, for the purpose of inclusion in Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Infrastructure Development in Mega cities the Ministry of Urban Affairs and employment, Department of Urban Development adopted the criteria of 4 million and above population as per 1991 Census for Mega Cities. In 2001 Census, cities with 10 million and above population have been treated as Mega cities and the same criteria of population has been adopted in 2011 census.

55 (iv) 2011 CENSUS FINDINGS POPULATION AND ITS DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION RURAL URBAN AREAS: Persons/Males/Female State District s Population Persons 12541302 133487 Male 6640662 78971 Female 5900640 54516 Population Persons 2397602 16255 Growth Male 1279736 14665 (2001- 2011) Female 1117866 1590 Percentage Persons 23.6 13.8 Growth Male 23.9 22.8

Female 23.4 3.0

According to 2011 census the total population of Ladakh is 133487 with 78971 males and 54516 females. The growth rate of population between 2001-2011 had been 13.8 percent which at par with state average of 23.6 percent during the same period. The district has registered a growth rate of 13.87 percent ranks number 20th in respect of total population of 22districts of Jammu and Kashmir State.

DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION IN RURAL- URBAN AREAS.

Persons/Males/Females State District Population Persons 12541302 133487 Male 6640662 78971 Female 5900640 54516 Rural Persons 9108060 87816 Male 4774477 48411 Female 4333583 39405 Urban Persons 3433242 45671 Male 1866185 30560 Females 1567057 15111

The total population of the State is 12541302 out of which Leh district has a total population of 133487persons .In Leh 87816 person lived in rural areas while 45671 as were classed as urbanites. The population resides in 112 villages while as urban population lives in 1 statutory town and 2 Census towns.

56 Size Class And Status Of Towns: During the every year census decade the number of census towns , municipal councils, cooperation changes due to addition of new census towns, conversion of village into municipal cooperation’s, merging of municipal councils with cooperation’s etc. The statement below gives the position of number of urban units in each class for 2011 census. For the purpose of comprehensive analysis of varied demographic characteristics, towns have been divided into following classes by population.

Classs Population No. of Towns

1 2 3

I 10,0000 and above (Generally referred as City) ---

II 50,000-99,999 45671

III 20,000-49,999 ---

IV 10,000-19,999 ---

V 5,000-9,999 ---

VI Less than 5000 ---

There is only class I town in the district known as municipal committee and 2 no Census Town has been created so far in the district.

GROWTH RATE:-

The growth of the district stands to be 13.87 in 2011 census and it ranks 20th among the 22 districts of the state.

DENSITY:- The overall density of population in the district is 3 per sq.km and the figure is below the state average of 124. The density of population in 2001 census was also 3 per sq.km. The density of Leh hasn’t changes from last census. Leh ranks last i.e. 22nd among the all other districts of the state

SEX RATIO:- In Ladakh as a whole there are 690 females for every thousand males. This is lower as compared to the state average sex ratio of 889.The sex ratio of 2001 of the district was recorded as 823 than that returned in 2011 census.

57

Sex ratio by Sub-district, 2011

Sr.No. Name of Sub-district Sex ratio Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 4 5 1 00010-Leh 660 855 494 2 00011-Nubra 633 633 0 3 00012-Khalsi 980 980 0 District: 003-Leh (Ladakh) 690 814 494

The table shows total, rural and urban sex ratio of the district. As per 2011 Census there are 690 females for every 1000 males in the district, as against 814 in rural sector and 494 in urban sector. Among 3 tehsil of the district the highest of 980 female’s per1000 males as sex ratio are found in the tehsil Khalsi, while as minimum of 633 sex ratio was recorded in Nubra tehsil. The tehsil of Leh remained to be 2nd highest with 660 females per 1000 males in rural. The sex ratio in rural sector as revealed in the table remains higher as compared to urban areas of the district

In all the three tehsils of the district Leh, urban recorded the sex ratio of 494 females per thousand males.

Leh ranks last i.e. 22nd in sex ratio among the 22 districts,

Work Participation Rate

Sr. Name of Sub- Total Main workers Marginal Total workers Non workers No. district population workers (main and marginal workers) No. % No. % No. % No. % 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 00010-Leh 93961 41486 44.15 10457 11.13 51943 55.28 42018 44.72 2 00011-Nubra 22433 9388 41.85 4691 20.91 14079 62.76 8354 37.24 3 00012-Khalsi 17093 6251 36.57 2806 16.42 9057 52.99 8036 47.01 District: Leh 133487 57125 42.79 17954 13.45 75079 56.24 58408 43.76 (Ladakh) (003)

The work participation rate for total workers is defined as the percentage of total workers to total population. Out of total population of the district 75079 (56.24%) are workers which comprises of 57125(42.79%) as main workers and 17954 (13.45%) as marginal workers. 58408 (43.76 %) are non-workers. Maximum no i.e. 51943 (55.28%) workers are found in Leh followed by Nubra which has 14079(62.76%) workers. Khalsi has minimum no of workers i.e. 9057 (52.99%).

58 Sl. Name of Total Category of Workers No. Sub-District population Household Agricultura Other Cultivators industry l labourers workers workers No. % No. % No. % No. % 1 2 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 00010-Leh 93961 10570 20.35 1176 2.26 531 1.02 39666 76.36 2 00011-Nubra 22433 5664 40.23 90 0.64 40 0.28 8285 58.85 3 00012-Khalsi 17093 4635 51.18 379 4.18 449 4.96 3594 39.68 District: Leh(Ladakh) 133487 20869 27.80 1645 2.19 1020 1.36 51545 68.65 (003)

There are 27.80 % cultivators, 2.19 % Agricultural laborers, 1.36 % Household industry workers and 68.65% as other worker.

LITERACY:- Leh district returned with 93770 persons as literate in 2011 Census. They constitute 77.2percent of the total population of the district (excluding 0-6age) group. The literacy rate of the district is more compared to that of the state which is 67.2 percent. The literacy rate reported for the males and females in the district is 86.3 and 63.6 respectively. Gap in male-female literacy rate of the district is 22.75%.

Sr. Name of Sub- Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. district male- Number of literates Number of illiterates female Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 00010-Leh 68845 46421 22424 25116 10176 14940 79.88 88.16 66.87 21.29 2 00011-Nubra 14493 10645 3848 7940 3095 4845 72.06 84.8 50.9 33.9 3 00012-Khalsi 10432 5768 4664 6661 2866 3795 68.78 75.99 61.55 14.44 District: Leh 93770 62834 30936 39717 16137 23580 77.2 86.31 63.56 22.75 (Ladakh) (003)

In the three districts of Leh viz Leh, Nubra and Khalsi the literacy rate has returned to79.88% , 72.06% and 68.78 % respectively. Gap in male-female literacy rate 22.75% for the district. Leh has 21.29% Gap in male-female literacy rate, khalsi and Nubra has 33.9% and 14.44% respectively.

Leh district ranks 3rd in literacy rate among the 22 districts. Male’s ranks 3rd while as females ranks 4th.

RELIGION:-

In 1981 census 88.18 percent of the population of the district have returned their religion as Buddhist followed by Muslims constituting15.32 percent , Hindus constituting 2.99 percent and stands as 3rd major religion in the district.

59 District Leh Total Rural Urban Hindus 22882 8340 14542 Muslims 10493 7578 2915 Christians 469 206 263 Sikhs 1092 165 927 Buddhist 44019 32003 12016 Jain 103 79 24 Other Religions And Persuasions 54 1 53 (Incl.Unclassified Sect.) Religion Not Stated 1006 431 575

MOTHER TONGUE:-

In 1980 Census Ladakhi speaking people in the district were the dominant majority constituting 88.18percent of the total population followed by Tibetans with 5.19 percent .Mother tongue Balti is the 3rd prominent language spoken in the district.

Sr.No. Name of Sub- Total Total % of Total scheduled % of District population scheduled scheduled tribes population scheduled castes castes tribes population population population to total to total population population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 00010-Leh 93961 395 0.42 62813 66.85 2 00011-Nubra 22433 67 0.3 16455 73.35 3 00012-Khalsi 17093 26 0.15 16589 97.05 003-Leh (Ladakh) 133487 488 0.37 95857 71.81

SCHEDULED CASTE AND SCHEDULED TRIBE:-

According to 2011 census there are 488 (0.37 %) scheduled castes and 95857 (71.81%) scheduled tribes in Ladakh district. Leh has maximum no 395 i.e. 0.42 % of scheduled castes followed by Nubra which have 67 i.e. 0.3 % scheduled castes. Khalsi has minimum no of scheduled castes i.e. 26 (0.15%). There are 95857(71.81 %) scheduled tribes in Ladakh district. Leh has maximum no of scheduled tribes i.e. 62813 (66.85%) Khalsi and Nubra has 16589 (97.05 %) and 16455 (73.35%) scheduled tribes respectively.

60 (v) BRIEF ANALYSIS OF PCA DATA BASED ON INSET TABLES 1 TO 35

The analytical note of this publication contains data collected during 2011 Census and is based on Primary Census Abstracts which depicts available information in respect of each tehsil, community Development Block and town level in the district incorporating various demographic aspects viz; number of households, total population with sex wise breakup, percentage variation, density and sex ratio at tehsil, town level as well as presentation of data at the lowest administrative level (C. D. Block) scheduled caste, scheduled tribe Population, literate and illiterate Population and sex breakup of working Population categorized into cultivators, agricultural laborers, household Industry and other workers.

The information collected for PCA data has been summarized in various inset tables giving an insight into demographic structure of its tehsils, towns and community Development Block level in the district. A brief analysis of the data indicated in these tables has been attempted hereafter for highlighting the various demographic changes that have taken place in the rural and urban areas of the district during the period 2001-2011 These Inset Tables are briefly discussed below:

Table 1: Decadal change in population of tehsils by residence, 2001-2011

Sl. Tehsil Population Percentage decadal Percentage No variation 2001-2011 Urban 2001 2011 population Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 2001 2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 Leh 82079 53440 28639 93961 48290 45671 14.48 -9.64 59.47 34.89 48.61 2 Nubra 17367 17367 0 22433 22433 0 29.17 29.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 Khalsi 17786 17786 0 17093 17093 0 -3.90 -3.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 District 117232 88593 28639 133487 87816 45671 13.87 -0.88 59.47 24.43 34.21 Total:

The table shows the tehsil –wise growth rates of Leh district for rural and urban areas and percentage of urban population to total population.

The population growth rate during 2001-2011 of the district Census has become as 13.87 % whereas the growth rates for rural and urban area of the district are -0.88% and 59.47% respectively. Among the three tehsil of district .the highest growth rate of Nubra is recorded 29.17 0% while as khalsi is recorded lowest growth rate as- 3.90%. Leh has recorded a growth rate of 14.48 %

61 TABLE 2: Number and percentage of inhabited villages in specified population ranges with the related population, 2011 Sl. District / C.D. Total Total rural population Number and Population less Number No. block number of percentage of than 200 and

inhabited Persons Males Females villages Males Females percentage villages of villages 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 0020-Leh 11 7,584 3,802 3,782 1 (9 %) 53 46 5 (45 %) 2 0021-Nyoma 17 8,435 4,012 4,423 5 (29 %) 386 394 7 (41 %) 3 0022-Chuchat 10 13,959 6,781 7,178 0 (0 %) 0 0 2 (20 %) 4 0023-Kharu 15 12,343 8,419 3,924 4 (27 %) 264 306 7 (47%) 5 0024-Durbok 6 4,911 2,450 2,461 0 (0 %) 0 0 0 (0 %) 6 0025-Nubra 21 16,754 10,629 6,125 6 (29 %) 364 450 8 (38 %) 7 0026- Panamic 7 5,679 3,111 2,568 0 (0 %) 0 0 0 (0 %) 8 0027-Khalsi 17 13,494 6,706 6,788 0 (0 %) 0 0 6 (35%) 9 0028-Saspol 7 4,657 2,501 2,156 1 (14 %) 56 46 2 (29 %) Districts (Rural) Total: 111 87,816 48,411 39,405 17 (15 %) 1,123 1,242 37(33 %)

Sl. District / C.D. Population 200- Number Population 500-999 Number and Population 1000-1999 No. block 499 and percentage of Males Females percentage Males Females villages Males Females of villages 1 2 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 0020-Leh 797 775 2 (18%) 711 799 2 ( 18 %) 1,177 1,190 2 0021-Nyoma 1,088 1,163 3 (18%) 982 1,252 2 ( 12 %) 1,556 1,614 3 0022-Chuchat 327 362 1 (10%) 307 287 4 ( 40 %) 2,925 3,114 4 0023-Kharu 1,083 989 1 (7 %) 301 357 2 ( 13 %) 1,321 1,500 5 0024-Durbok 0 0 6 (100%) 2,450 2,461 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 6 0025-Nubra 1,306 1,373 2 (10%) 855 547 3 ( 14 %) 2,477 2,450 7 0026-Panamic 0 0 6 (86%) 2,028 2,173 1 ( 14 %) 1,083 395 8 0027-Khalsi 898 887 5 (29 %) 1,844 1,719 6 ( 35 %) 3,964 4,182 9 0028-Saspol 305 316 2 (29 %) 926 745 2 ( 29 %) 1,214 1,049 Districts (Rural) Total: 5,804 5,865 28 (25 %) 10,404 10,340 22 ( 20%) 15,717 15,494

62 Sl. District / C.D. Number Population 2000- Number Population 5000- Number Population 10000 No. block and 4999 and 9999 and and above percentage percentage percentag of villages Males Females of villages Males Females e of Males Females villages 1 2 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 0020-Leh 1 ( 9 %) 1,064 972 0 (0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 2 0021-Nyoma 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 (0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 3 0022-Chuchat 3 ( 30 %) 3,222 3,415 0 (0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 4 0023-Kharu 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 1 ( 7 %) 5,450 772 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 5 0024-Durbok 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 6 0025-Nubra 2 ( 10 %) 5,627 1,305 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 7 0026-Panamic 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 8 0027-Khalsi 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 9 0028-Saspol 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 0 ( 0 %) 0 0 Districts (Rural) Total: 6 ( 5 %) 9,913 5,692 1 ( 1 %) 5,450 772 0 ( 0 %) 0 0

The table indicates about the C.D. block wise population, number and percentage of villages falling in each range of population size of villages and under males and females in each population range at C.D. block level in the district.

Out of 111 inhabited village of the district 17 ( 15 %) are small sized villages falling in population range of less than 200 persons where as 37 ( 33 %) villages fall in population of 200-499, 28 ( 25 %)villages are in population range of 500-999 persons, while as 22 ( 20 %) villages fall in the range of 1000-1999 persons. In the range of 2000-4999 persons 6 (5 %) villages has been recorded of the district. In the population range of 5000- 9999 persons there are only 1 (1 %) villages of the district and none of the village in the district falls in the size of 10,000 and above population.

Table 3 : New towns, de-notified, declassified and merged town in 2011 census

a) New (i)Statutory Town Nil (ii)Census Town 1 - Spituk 2 - Chuglamsar b) Denotified Nil i) Statutary town of 2001 census denotified and also did not satisfy the ciiteria Nil to be treated as census town

ii) Statutory towns of 2001 census denotified but identified as census towns Nil based on demographic and economic criteria iii) Census towns of 2001 census are notified as statutory town in 2011 census Nil c) Declassified Nil d) Wholly merged with other towns Nil Declassified means the census town of 2001 census which failed to satisfy the demographic and economic criteria.

63 The table clearly shows that during this Census 2 new Census towns viz Spituk and Chuglamsar have been created. Rest no town has been denotified or declassified or no part of any village or partly merged with other town. Table 4: Sex Ratio of the State and District,1901-2011

State Jammu & Kashmir Leh Census Year Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1901 882 888 809 986 986 - 1911 876 884 810 997 998 977 1921 870 877 814 1029 1029 1031 1931 865 876 785 1022 1027 969 1941 868 881 790 1012 1028 859 1951 873 882 823 1011 1018 936 1961 878 884 844 1010 1010 1012 1971 864 865 860 1002 1011 926 1981 892 897 875 886 911 733 1991 NA NA NA N.A. N.A. N.A. 2001 892 917 818 823 904 611 2011 889 908 840 690 814 494

The data of the table shows sex ratio for state and district since 1901-2011.It has been observed from the figures revealed in the table that sex ratio has been declines in 2011 census .In the state it has been declined from 892 in 2001 to 889 in 2011 where as in Leh it has declines from 823 in 2001 census to 690 in 2011 census. The sex ratio in rural part of the State as well as district indicated in the table remains higher as compared to urban areas in 2011. It remains notable that the sex ratio in the district remained low in urban and higher in rural areas in 2001 Census. In 2011 Census the sex ratio in respect of State stands at 889 which remained higher than district figure of 690.

Table 5: Sex ratio by Sub-district, 2011

Sr. Name of Sub-district Sex ratio No. Total Rural Urban 1 2 3 4 5 1 00010-Leh 660 855 494 2 00011-Nubra 633 633 0 3 00012-Khalsi 980 980 0 District: 003-Leh(Ladakh) 690 814 494

The table shows total, rural and urban sex ratio of the district. As per 2011 Census there are 690 females for every 1000 males in the district, as against 814 in rural sector and 494 in urban sector. Among 3 tehsil of the district the highest sex ratio of 980 female’s per1000 males as sex ratio are found in the tehsil

64 Khalsi, while as minimum of 633 sex ratio was recorded in Nubra tehsil. The tehsil of Leh remained to be 2nd highest with 660 females per 1000 males in rural. The sex ratio in rural sector as revealed in the table remains higher as compared to urban areas of the district In all the three tehsils of the district Leh, tehsil Leh which has only urban areas has recorded the sex ratio of 494 females per thousand males.

Table 6: Sex ratio by CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD block Sex ratio No. 1 2 3 1 0020-Leh 995 2 0021-Nyoma 1102 3 0022-Chuchat 1059 4 0023-Kharu 466 5 0024-Durbok 1004 6 0025-Nubra 576 7 0026-Panamic 825 8 0027-Khalsi 1012 9 0028-Saspol 862 Total 814

The table shows the C.D wise sex ratio data for rural population in the district. The sex ratio for rural areas of the district regarding 2011 Census has been recorded 814 females per 1000 males. Among the nine C.D Blocks the highest sex ratio of 1102 females per 1000 males has been recorded in Nyoma C.D Blocks followed by a sex ratio of 1059 females per 1000 males in Chuchat C.D Block and 466 females per 1000 males have been recorded in Kharu C.D Block which lowest in the district.

Table 7: Sex ratio of rural population by ranges, 2011

Range of sex ratio for Number of Percentage of Population Percentage villages inhabited villages in each 2011 distribution of villages range population

1 2 3 4 5 Less than 700 7 6.31 16393 18.67 700 - 749 0 0.00 0 0.00 750 - 799 1 0.90 331 0.38 800 - 849 5 4.50 2862 3.26 850 - 899 5 4.50 2394 2.73 900 - 949 15 13.51 10314 11.75 950 - 999 11 9.91 8572 9.76 1000 - 1099 26 23.42 20294 23.11 1100+ 41 36.94 26656 30.35 District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) 111 100 87816 100 Sex ratio District (Rural): 814

65

The distribution of villages by a sex ratio ranges based on 2011 Census is presented in the table. The maximum number of villages 41 (36.94 percent) having 30.35 percent population in the district fall in sex ratio range of 1100+, followed by 26 (23.42 percent) having 23.11 percent population of the district fall in the sex ratio range of1000-1099. 15 (13.51 percent) villages having 11.75 percent population of the district fall in the sex ratio range of 900-949. There are 11 (9.91 percent) villages which have 9.76 percent population falls in the sex ratio range of 950-999.The villages falling in the sex ratio range of 800-849 and 850-899 are 5(4.5.0 percent) each having 3.26 and 2.73 percent population.

The lowest number of 1 (0.90 percent) inhabited village which claim a population of 0.38 percent only falls in population range of 750-799 next higher to this is less than 700 which has 7(6.31 percent) inhabited villages which claim a population of 18.67 percent. Sex ratio range of 700-749 have no village. The district (rural) returned a population of 87816 persons for total of 111 inhabited villages with sex ratio of 814 females per 1000 males.

Table 8: Sex ratio of towns, 2011

Sr. Name of town Urban status of town Sex ratio

No.

1 2 3 4 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) (MC) 425 2 000909-Spituk (CT) (CT) 710 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) (CT) 648 Sex ratio (Urban) district: 494

Above table gives the sex ratio of different towns of the district. The sex ratio of the district in the table remains to be 494 females per 1000 males. Leh District (Urban) has recorded a sex ratio of 494 females per 1000 males. The district comprises of 3 urban units out of which Spituk (CT) has recorded highest sex ratio data of 710 females per 1000 males while as Chuglamsar (CT) has recorded next highest sex ratio data with 648 females per 1000 males. The third highest sex ratio data with 425 has been recorded in Leh (MC).

66 Table 9: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 for Sub-district, 2011 Sr. Name of Sub-district Total/ Total population in 0-6 age Sex ratio for 0-6 age No. Rural/ group group Urban Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 00010-Leh Total 7771 3943 3828 971 Rural 4808 2453 2355 960 Urban 2963 1490 1473 989 2 00011-Nubra Total 2320 1187 1133 955 Rural 2320 1187 1133 955 Urban 0 0 0 0 3 00012-Khalsi Total 1925 1044 881 844 Rural 1925 1044 881 844 Urban 0 0 0 0 District: 003-Leh(Ladakh) Total 12016 6174 5842 946 Rural 9053 4684 4369 933 Urban 2963 1490 1473 989

The table shows tehsil wise data regarding the Population of age group 0-6 of the district and also sex ratio for total rural and urban areas. The total population of the age group is 12016 persons comprising of 6174 males and 5842 females. The total sex ratio in the age group stands calculated as 946 female per 1000 males in the district .The total sex ratio in urban areas of the district in this age group is higher as compare to rural areas.

The highest sex ratio of 971 females per 1000 males has been recorded in Leh tehsil followed by tehsil Nubra with 955 females per 1000 males and the lowest sex ratio of 844 females per 1000 males in tehsil Khalsi. In urban area of Leh tehsil 989 females per 1000 male’s sex ratio has been recorded where as in rural areas its 960 females per 1000 males.

Table 10: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 for CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Block Sex ratio for 0-6 Total population in 0-6 age group No. age group Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 0020-Leh 787 416 371 892 2 0021-Nyoma 988 489 499 1020 3 0022-Chuchat 1556 806 750 931 4 0023-Kharu 791 390 401 1028 5 0024-Durbok 581 295 286 969 6 0025-Nubra 1787 907 880 970 7 0026-Panamic 533 280 253 904 8 0027-Khalsi 1564 856 708 827 9 0028-Saspol 466 245 221 902 Total 9053 4684 4369 933

67 The table shows figures of C.D block wise Population and sex ratio in age group 0-6.The district comprises of (9) nine CD Blocks having a total sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males with a population of 9053 persons comprising 4684 males and 4369 females. Among the highest C D block sex ratio of the Kharu has returned the Population of 791persons constituting 390 males and 401 females with sex ratio of 1028 females per 1000 males. The next highest sex ratio of 1020 females per 1000 males with a population of 988 persons (489 males and 499 females ) has returned by Nyoma CD Block followed by CD Block Nubra with 1787 persons (907 males 880 females) with sex ratio of 970 females per 1000 males. The CD Block which has recorded the lowest sex ration among the 9 C.D Blocks is Khalsi with sex ratio of 827 females per 1000 males recorded a population of 1564 persons comprising of 856 males and 708 females followed Leh which has recorded a sex ratio of 892 females per 1000 males with a population of 787 persons of which 416 are males and 371 are females.

Table 11: Sex ratio of rural population in the age group 0-6 by ranges, 2011

Range of sex ratio for Number of Percentage Population Percentage distribution villages inhabited distribution of 2011 of population villages villages 1 2 3 4 5 Less than 700 17 15.32 853 9.42 700 - 749 1 0.90 94 1.04 750 - 799 7 6.31 969 10.70 800 - 849 12 10.81 1147 12.67 850 - 899 9 8.11 1233 13.62 900 - 949 12 10.81 1002 11.07 950 - 999 1 0.90 125 1.38 1000 - 1099 17 15.32 1746 19.29 1100+ 35 31.53 1884 20.81 District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) 111 100 9053 100 Sex ratio District (Rural):933

Table 11 describes the sex ratio of rural Population in the age group of 0-6 by ranges in 2011 Census. Out of 111 inhabited villages in the district the maximum of 35 (31.53 percent) such villages returned a population of 1884 persons with 20.81 percent distribution of population fall in sex ratio range of 1100+, which is followed by 17(15.32 percent) inhabited villages each falling in sex ratio range of less than 700 and 1000-1099 returning a population of 853 and 1746 persons respectively.

Next higher is 12 (10.81 percent ) villages each with a population of 1147 and 1002 persons indicating 12.67 percent and 11.07 percent distribution of population falling in sex ratio range of 800 -849 and 900-949 respectively .7 (6.31 percent ) villages fall in the sex ratio range of 750 – 799 with a population of 969 with 10.70 percent distribution of population

68 In the range of 850-899 population 9(8.11%) inhabited villages having population of 1233 persons with the percentage of 13.62 percent population distribution. In the ranges of 700-799 and 950-999, there is only 1 village and the percentage distribution of village is 0.90 percent falling in each range, their population is 94 and 125 with 1.04 percent and 1.38 percent distribution of population respectively.

Table 12: Sex ratio of population in the age group 0-6 of towns, 2011

Sr. Name of town Urban status Total population in 0-6 age Sex ratio for 0-6 age No. of town group group

Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) (MC) 1697 854 843 987 2 000909-Spituk (CT) (CT) 385 185 200 1081 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) (CT) 881 451 430 953 District (Urban): 003-Leh(Ladakh) 2963 1490 1473 989

The table provides the sex ratio for 0-6 age- group of urban 2011. It is observed from the table that the urban sex ratio of the district stands to be 989 females per 1000 males. It is found from the analysis of the figure that the maximum sex ratio of 0-6 age –group falls in Spituk (CT) as 1081, next falls in Leh Ladakh (MC) as 987 and then Chuglamsar 953 females per 1000 males

Table 13: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in Sub-districts, 2011

Sr. Name of Sub- Total/ Total Total Total Percentage of Percentage of No. District Rural/ population scheduled scheduled scheduled castes scheduled tribes Urban castes tribes population to population to population population total population total population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 00010-Leh Total 93961 395 62813 0.42 66.85 Rural 48290 15 40745 0.03 84.38 Urban 45671 380 22068 0.83 48.32 2 00011-Nubra Total 22433 67 16455 0.3 73.35 Rural 22433 67 16455 0.3 73.35 Urban 0 0 0 0 0 3 00012-Khalsi Total 17093 26 16589 0.15 97.05 Rural 17093 26 16589 0.15 97.05 Urban 0 0 0 0 0 003-Leh(Ladakh) Total 133487 488 95857 0.37 71.81 Rural 87816 108 73789 0.12 84.03 Urban 45671 380 22068 0.83 48.32

69

The table depicts the tehsil wise SC and ST population. It is revealed from the analysis of table that 0.37 percent of SC population is found in the district out of which 0.12 percent are rural and 0.83 percent are urban .Leh tehsil has 0.42 percent ,Nubra has 0.3 percent and Khalsi has 0.15 percent of such population.

The total population of ST in the district remains to be 71.81 percent out of which 84.03 percent are rural and 48.32 percent are urban. The highest percentage of ST has returned in rural area of Khalsi tehsil (97.05 percent). So far as Leh tehsil is concerned its percentage to total population has been returned as 66.85% and 73.35 percent has been returned by Nubra tehsil.

Over all total district population of SC has been returned as 488 and ST as 95857. Rural area population of SC is 108 and ST as 73789.In urban areas SC exists as 380 and ST as 22068.

Table 14: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) population in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Total Total Total Percentage of Percentage of No. Block population scheduled scheduled scheduled castes scheduled tribes castes tribes population to total population to total population population population population

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 0020-Leh 7584 0 7382 0 97.34 2 0021-Nyoma 8435 10 6385 0.12 75.7 3 0022-Chuchat 13959 4 13404 0.03 96.02 4 0023-Kharu 12343 1 7724 0.01 62.58 5 0024-Durbok 4911 0 4794 0 97.62 6 0025-Nubra 16754 65 11587 0.39 69.16 7 0026-Panamic 5679 2 4868 0.04 85.72 8 0027-Khalsi 13494 26 13263 0.19 98.29 9 0028-Saspol 4657 0 4382 0 94.09 Total 87816 108 73789 0.12 84.03

The table presents the CD block wise distribution of SC and ST population of the district. In the district, total population of rural areas consists upon 87816 persons. Scheduled caste population has been recorded as 108 while as ST population has been recorded as 73789. So far as SC population is concerned the district has recorded 0.12 percent, where as 84.03 percent has been recorded as ST population to total population It has been observed from the analysis of the figures in the table that CD block Nubra with its population of 16754 has 65 (0.39 percent) SC which is highest figure among other CD blocks. Kharu with a population of 12343 has the lowest SC population of 1 (0.01 percent). Leh, Durbok and Saspol has zero (0) population of SC.

70 The total ST population in the district has been recorded as 73789 (84.03 percent). Khalsi CD block with a population of 13263 (98.29 percent) has the highest ST’s where as Saspol has the lowest ST population of 4382 (98.09%).

Table 15: Proportion of scheduled castes population to total population in villages, 2011

Percentage range of scheduled Number of Percentage Scheduled Percentage castes population to total villages castes population population

1 2 3 4 5 NIL 95 85.59 0 0.00 Less than 5 15 13.51 55 50.93 5 - 10 1 0.90 53 49.07 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 0 0.00 0 0.00 51 - 75 0 0.00 0 0.00 76 and above 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: Leh (Ladakh)(003) 111 100.00 108 100.00

The table shows the number of villages according to the proportion of SC population to their total population in different ranges of percentage. It has been observed from the table that there are only 16 inhabited villages in the district with 108 SC populations. It seems that only in two ranges i.e. less than 5 and 5-10 have SC population of 55 (50.93%) and 53 (49.07%) respectively. Rest all the ranges have no villages.

Table 16: Proportion of scheduled tribes population to total population in villages, 2011

Percentage range of scheduled Number of Percentage Scheduled tribes Percentage tribes population to total villages population population 1 2 3 4 5 NIL 0 0.00 0 0.00 Less than 5 0 0.00 0 0.00 5 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 1 0.90 588 0.80 21 - 30 2 1.80 1931 2.62 31 - 40 0 0.00 0 0.00 41 - 50 4 3.60 2029 2.75 51 - 75 3 2.70 2926 3.97 76 and above 101 90.99 66315 89.87 District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) 111 100.00 73789 100.00

71 The table indicates the number of villages according to the proportion of ST population to their total population in different ranges of percentage at district level. As many as 111 villages in the district, Leh constitution ST population of 73789. The percentage range of 76 and above have 66315 (89.87%) i.e. the maximum no of ST population .11-20 range have minimum no of ST population of 588(0.80%). 21-30 and 51-75 ranges have 1931 (2.62 percent ) and 2926 (3.97 percent ) ST population respectively.

Table 17: Number and percentage of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes population in towns, 011

Sr. Name of town Total Total Total Percentage Percentage No. Population scheduled scheduled of scheduled of scheduled castes tribes castes tribes population population population population to total to total population population 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 30870 22 16391 0.07 53.1 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 4047 7 1605 0.17 39.66 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) 10754 351 4072 3.26 37.86 District (Urban) : 003-Leh(Ladakh) 45671 380 22068 0.83 48.32

This table gives the number and percentage of SC and ST population in urban areas of the district. The district with three towns has total 380 as SC population and 22068 persons as ST population and out of total population of 45671persons as returned in 2011 census.

Leh (MC) has maximum no of ST population of 16391(53.1percent) persons while SC population is 22 (0.07 percent) out of total population of 30870 persons Spituk (CT) constitutes a minimum of 7(0.17 percent) persons as SC population and 1605 (39.66 percent) as ST population out of its total population of 4047 persons. Chuglamsar (CT) has a population of 10754 persons out of which SC and ST population is 35 (3.26 percent) and 4072 (37.86 percent) respectively.

Table 18: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (rural) in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of C.D.block Scheduled castes sex ratio Scheduled tribes sex ratio No. 1 2 3 4 1 0020-Leh 0 1003 2 0021-Nyoma 1000 1111 3 0022-Chuchat 1000 1054 4 0023-Kharu 0 958 5 0024-Durbok 0 1001

6 0025-Nubra 0 1062 7 0026-Panamic 0 1106 8 0027-Khalsi 733 1016 9 0028-Saspol 0 964 Total 202 1032

72 Above table shows the figures regarding sex ratio of SC and ST in each C.D block of the district. The district (rural) returned a sex ratio of 202 (SC) and 1032 (ST) females per 1000 males respectively as based on 2011 census. Nyoma and Chuchut have equal no of SC males and female’s i.e. 1000 females per 1000 males. Khalsi have 733 females per 1000 males. Leh, Kharu, Durbok, Nubra and Panamic have zero sex ratio i.e. 0 female per 1000 male. Maximum figure of 1111 ST has been recorded in Nyoma C D Blocks followed by 1106 and 1054 sex ratio in Panamic and Chuchat C.D. Blocks . Minimum figure of 958 ST has been returned in Kharu C D block followed by a sex ratio of 964 in Saspool.

Table 19: Sex ratio among scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of town Scheduled castes sex Scheduled tribes No. ratio sex ratio 1 2 3 4 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 158 946 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 0 1029 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) 67 1027 District (Urban): 003-Leh(Ladakh) 70 966

The sex ratio in urban areas of the district based on 2011– census is given in the table. The district urban returned a sex ratio of 70 females per 1000 males in respect SC and 966 females per 1000 males for ST. Among the three towns of the district, the maximum sex ratio of 158 SC & 1029 ST has been recorded in Leh (MC) and Spituk (CT) respectively. The minimum sex ratio has been recorded as 67 SC and 946 ST in Chuglamsar (CT) and Leh (MC) respectively. Sex ratio of 1027 ST females per 1000 males has been recorded in Chuglamsar (CT).

Table 20: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in sub-districts, 2011

Total/ Number of literates and illiterates Gap in male- Sr. Literacy rate Name of Sub-district Rural/ Number of literates Number of illiterates female No. Urban Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females literacy rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 00010-Leh Total 68845 46421 22424 25116 10176 14940 79.88 88.16 66.87 21.29 Rural 31864 19649 12215 16426 6388 10038 73.28 83.31 61.39 21.92 Urban 36981 26772 10209 8690 3788 4902 86.59 92.09 74.86 17.23 2 00011-Nubra Total 14493 10645 3848 7940 3095 4845 72.06 84.8 50.9 33.9 Rural 14493 10645 3848 7940 3095 4845 72.06 84.8 50.9 33.9 Urban 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 00012-Khalsi Total 10432 5768 4664 6661 2866 3795 68.78 75.99 61.55 14.44 Rural 10432 5768 4664 6661 2866 3795 68.78 75.99 61.55 14.44 Urban 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) Total 93770 62834 30936 39717 16137 23580 77.2 86.31 63.56 22.75 Rural 56789 36062 20727 31027 12349 18678 72.1 82.47 59.16 23.31 Urban 36981 26772 10209 8690 3788 4902 86.59 92.09 74.86 17.23

73 The table depicts number and percentage of literates and illiterates of the district excluding age group 0-6. The tehsil wise literacy rate of rural as well as urban areas with its total is signified in the table.

Among 03 tehsil, the Leh tehsil comes to be on the top with a total literacy rate of 79.88 percent. Its literacy rate in rural areas is 73.28 percent and in urban areas it is 86.59 percent. In Nubra and Khalsi tehsil it is 72.06 percent and 68.72 percent respectively for rural areas The district has returned 77.2 percent as literacy rate where as in rural areas of the district it is 72.1 percent and in urban areas it is 86.59 percent. The male-female literacy gap found in the district total remains to be 22.75 percent, which includes rural 23.31 percent and urban 17.23 percent respectively. Whereas for tehsil Leh this gap is 21.29 percent in total, for rural areas its 21.92 percent and for urban areas its 17.23 percent. In Khalsi and Nubra this gap is 33.9 percent and 14.44 percent respectively in rural areas.

Table 21: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in CD Blocks (rural), 2011

Sr. Name of Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. CD Block male-female literacy rate Number of literates Number of illiterates

Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0020- Leh 5018 2737 2281 2566 1065 1501 73.83 80.83 66.87 13.96 2 0021- Nyoma 4518 2484 2034 3917 1528 2389 60.67 70.51 51.83 18.68 3 0022- Chuchat 9594 5097 4497 4365 1684 2681 77.35 85.31 69.96 15.35 4 0023- Kharu 9173 7198 1975 3170 1221 1949 79.41 89.65 56.06 33.59 5 0024- Durbok 2866 1701 1165 2045 749 1296 66.19 78.93 53.56 25.37 6 0025- Nubra 11120 8446 2674 5634 2183 3451 74.3 86.88 50.98 35.9 7 0026- Panamic 3373 2199 1174 2306 912 1394 65.55 77.68 50.71 26.97 8 0027- Khalsi 8039 4355 3684 5455 2351 3104 67.38 74.44 60.59 13.85 9 0028- Saspol 3088 1845 1243 1569 656 913 73.68 81.78 64.24 17.54 Total 56789 36062 20727 31027 12349 18678 72.1 82.47 59.16 23.31

The C.D block-wise number and percentage of literates and illiterates by sex is analyzed in the table. Among the 9C.D. blocks in the district (rural), the highest literacy percentage of 79.41 percent for persons is found in C.D. block Kharu which includes 89.65 percent males and 56.06 percent females and is followed by 77.35 percent (males 85.31percent + females 69.96 percent ) in C.D. block Chuchat.

Lowest literacy rate is found in C.D Block Nyoma with 60.67 percent literates( 70.51 percent males and 51.83 percent females) and Gap in male-female literacy rate is 18.68 percent followed by

74 Panamic with total percent of 65.55 as literates, it includes 77.68 percent males and 50.71 percent as females with Gap in male-female literacy rate as 26.97 percent. The male-female literacy gap for the district rural is retuned to 23.31 percent with 72.1 percent literates out of which 82.47 percent are males and 59.16 percent are females.

Table 22: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range, 2011

Range of literacy rate for villages Number of Percentage Population Percentage inhabited distribution of distribution of villages villages population 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 2 1.80 726 0.83 41 - 50 10 9.01 4725 5.38 51 - 60 17 15.32 7314 8.33 61 - 70 43 38.74 30659 34.91 71 - 80 26 23.42 22176 25.25 81 - 90 9 8.11 11604 13.21 91 - 99 4 3.60 10612 12.08 100 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: Leh(Ladakh)(003 111 100.00 87816 100.00 Literacy rate for District: 72.10

Distribution of villages by literacy rate range returned in 2011 Census is depicted in the table. Out of total 111 inhabited villages in the district the maximum of 43 (38.74 percent) such villages returned 34.91 percent and distribution of population fall in the 61-70 range of literacy rate. Whereas 26 (23.42 percent) villages falling in the range of 71-80 literacy rate with 25.25 percent distribution of population which is followed by 17 ( 15.32 percent) village returned with 13.21percent distribution of population fall in the range of 51-60 literacy rate for villages.

There are 4 (3.60 percent) and 9 (8.11 percent) villages respectively , which returned 12.08 percent and 13.21 percent distribution of population ,falls in the literacy range 91-99 and 81-90 respectively.

Lowest literacy rates are observed in the range 41-50 and 31-40 with 10 (9.01 percent) and 2 (1.80 percent) villages which have literate population of 5.38 percent and 0.83 percent respectively.

75 Table 23: Number of literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. male- Number of literates Number of illiterates female Person Male Person Male Persons Males Females Females Females literacy s s s s rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 800047- 26341 19751 6590 4529 1918 2611 90.29 94.89 78.85 16.04 1 Leh Ladakh (MC) 000909- 2839 1809 1030 1208 558 650 77.53 82.91 69.59 13.32 2 Spituk (CT) 000910- 7801 5212 2589 2953 1312 1641 79.01 85.82 68.13 17.69 3 Chuglamsar (CT) District (Urban): 36981 26772 10209 8690 3788 4902 86.59 92.09 74.86 17.23 Leh(Ladakh)(003)

Number and percentage of literates and illiterates by sex in Urban Towns is presented in the table. The figures in the table are based on 2011-Census. Data indicate that out of 3 urban units the highest of 90.29 percent literate persons who include 94.89 percent males and 78.85 percent females with 16.04 percent male-female literacy gap is found in Leh (MC). This is followed by 79.01percent literate persons comprising of 85.82 percent males + 68.13 percent females with 17.69 percent literacy male- female gap in Chuglamsar (CT) There are 77.53 percent literate persons consisting of 82.91 percent males and 69.59 percent females with 13.32 percent gap in male-female literacy rate in Spituk (CT).

Table 24: Number of scheduled castes literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. Block male-female Number of literates Number of illiterates literacy rate Person Male Females Person Male Females Persons Male Females s s s s s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 0020-Leh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 0021-Nyoma 4 3 1 6 2 4 50.0 100.0 20.0 80.0 3 0022-Chuchat 4 2 2 0 0 0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 4 0023-Kharu 1 0 1 0 0 0 100.0 0.0 100.0 -100.0 5 0025-Nubra 65 65 0 0 0 0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 6 0026-Panamic 1 1 0 1 1 0 50.0 50.0 0.0 50.0 7 0027-Khalsi 17 11 6 9 4 5 70.83 84.62 54.55 30.07 Total 92 82 10 16 7 9 88.46 96.47 52.63 43.84

Number and percentage of Scheduled Castes literates and illiterates by sex in C.D. blocks based on 2011 Census is provided in the table. Among 7 C.D. blocks in the district, C.D. blocks Leh do not have any Scheduled Caste population. In Nubra where the literacy rate is found to be 100 percent. Obviously, the male/female literacy gap in the C.D. blocks where the Scheduled Caste literacy rate is 100.0 percent followed by Khalsi which have 17 (70.83%) literates and the Gap in male-female literacy rate is 30.07 percent whereas in Kharu and Panamic there is only one (100 percent) )female

76 and 1 (50 percent) male literate ,so the male/female literacy gap is -100and 50 respectively. Nyoma and Chuchat have 4 literates with 50% and 100 percent literacy rate the Gap in male-female literacy rate is 80 and 0.

Table 25: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range for scheduled castes population (rural), 2011 Range of literacy rate for Number of Percentage Scheduled Percentage villages inhabited villages distribution of castes distribution of having Scheduled villages population population castes 1 2 3 4 5 0 2 12.50 3 2.78 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 1 6.25 4 3.70 41 - 50 1 6.25 2 1.85 51 - 60 1 6.25 17 15.74 61 - 70 0 0.00 0 0.00 71 - 80 0 0.00 0 0.00 81 - 90 0 0.00 0 0.00 91 - 99 0 0.00 0 0.00 100 11 68.75 82 75.93 Total 16 100.00 108 100.00 District Scheduled castes Literacy rate: 88.46

This table gives the distribution of villages by literacy rate range in the district for Scheduled Castes. Only 16 inhabited villages in the district have Scheduled Caste literate population. One village (6.25 percent) each accounts for 3.70, 1.85, 15.74 percentage distribution of population are in literacy range of 31 – 40, 41 – 50, 51 – 60 respectively. 11 villages (68.75 percent) have 75.93 percentage distribution of population are in literacy range of 100.Only 2 villages (12.50 percent) have 2.78 percentage distribution of population are in literacy range of 0.

Table 26: Number of scheduled castes literates and illiterates, literacy rate by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Number of literates and illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No. male- Number of literates Number of illiterates female literacy Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

800047- 1 17 15 2 5 4 1 85.0 83.33 100 -16.67 Ladakh (MC) 000909- 2 7 7 0 0 0 0 100.0 100.0 0.0 100 Spituk (CT) 000910- 3 Chuglamsar 341 324 17 10 5 5 98.55 99.39 85 14.39 (CT) District: Leh 365 346 19 15 9 6 97.86 98.58 86.36 12.22 (Ladakh) (003)

77 This table indicates number and percentage of Scheduled Castes literates by sex in urban components. The district (urban) has returned with 97.86 percent Scheduled Caste literate persons comprising of 98.58 percent male literates and 86.36 percent female literates with 12.22 percent gap in male/female literacy rate.

The Scheduled Caste literate population is found in three towns viz. Leh (MC), Spituk (CT)and Chuglamsar (CT) of the district wherein Spituk (CT) town returned 100.0 percent Scheduled Caste persons with a gap of 100.0 percent male/female literacy whereas Leh (MC) having 85 percent with 83.33 percent Scheduled Caste males + 100 percent Scheduled Caste females have been returned with a gap of -16.67 percent in male-female literacy rate and Chuglamsar (CT) having 98.55 percent literate with 99.39 percent Scheduled Caste males + 85 percent Scheduled Caste females have been returned with a gap of 14.39 percent in male-female literacy rate

Table 27: Number and percentage of scheduled tribes literates and illiterates by sex in CD Blocks, 2011 Sr.No. Name of CD Number of literates and illiterates Gap in Block Literacy rate male- Number of literates Number of illiterates female literacy Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0020-Leh 4921 2677 2244 2461 1008 1453 74.18 81.42 67.07 14.35 2 0021-Nyoma 3535 1955 1580 2850 1070 1780 62.32 72.97 52.79 20.18 3 0022-Chuchat 9267 4940 4327 4137 1587 2550 77.69 85.66 70.23 15.43 4 0023-Kharu 4707 2816 1891 3017 1128 1889 67.60 78.75 55.83 22.92 5 0024-Durbok 2813 1673 1140 1981 723 1258 66.5 79.25 53.8 25.45 6 0025-Nubra 6045 3495 2550 5542 2125 3417 61.53 74.00 49.99 24.01 7 0026-Panamic 2581 1410 1171 2287 902 1385 59.52 69.39 50.82 18.57 8 0027-Khalsi 7891 4266 3625 5372 2312 3060 67.28 74.32 60.54 13.78 9 0028-Saspol 2828 1586 1242 1554 645 909 72.12 79.78 64.25 15.53 Total 44588 24818 19770 29201 11500 17701 68.35 77.79 59.31 18.48

The table reveals number and percentage of Scheduled Tribe literates and illiterates by sex and the literacy rates in rural areas at C.D. block level. Among 9 C.D. blocks in the district (rural) highest of 77.69 percent literacy is found in Chuchat C.D. block with 15.43 percent gap in male/female literacy. This is followed by C.D. block Leh and Saspool with 74.18 and 72.12 percent literacy respectively. The male- female literacy rate gap in these two C.D Blocks is 14.35 and 13.78 percent respectively. There are 81.42 and 79.78 percent males literates in Leh and Saspool whereas females literates are 67.07 and 64.25 percent respectively. Kharu and Khalsi have 67.6 and 67.28 percent literates with 22.92 and 13.78 percent Gap in male-female literacy rate respectively.

Panamic C.D Block which registered 59.52 percent Scheduled Caste literate persons comprising of 69.39 percent Scheduled Caste literate males and 50.82 percent Scheduled Caste literate females with 18.57 percent literacy gap of male/female. It is the lowest Scheduled Caste literate found among the 9 C.D. Blocks

78 Table 28: Distribution of villages by literacy rate range for scheduled tribes population (rural), 2011 Range of literacy rate Number of inhabited Percentage Scheduled tribes Percentage for villages villages having distribution of population distribution of Scheduled tribes villages population

1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0.00 0 0.00 1 - 10 0 0.00 0 0.00 11 - 20 0 0.00 0 0.00 21 - 30 0 0.00 0 0.00 31 - 40 2 1.80 724 0.98 41 - 50 10 9.01 3657 4.96 51 - 60 17 15.32 7788 10.55 61 - 70 46 41.44 32256 43.71 71 - 80 26 23.42 19341 26.21 81 - 90 9 8.11 9938 13.47 91 - 99 1 0.90 85 0.12 100 0 0.00 0 0.00 District: 111 100.00 73789 100.00 Leh(Ladakh)(003) Literacy rate for 68.35 District:

This table indicates the distribution of villages by literacy rate range for Scheduled Tribes population. Among 111 villages in the district rural which accommodate 73789 Scheduled Tribes population, 46 villages accounting 41.44 percent of total villages are in literacy range of 61 -70 with 43.71 percent distribution of population and 26 villages (23.42 percent) fall in the literacy range of 71- 80 with 26.21 percent distribution of population. 17 villages comprising 15.32 percent of total villages are in literacy range of 51 – 60 with 10.55 percent distribution of population.9 villages (8.11 percent) fall in the range of 81-90 with 13.47 percent distribution of population. 2 (1.80 percent) and 1 (0.90percent) villages fall in the range of 31-40 and 91-99 respectively. Percentage distribution of population of these two villages is 0.98 and 0.12 percent respectively.

Table 29: Number and percentage of scheduled tribe literates and illiterates by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Number of Literates and Illiterates Literacy rate Gap in No male- . Number of literates Number of illiterates female Person Person Person literac Males Females Males Females Males Females s s s y rate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 12892 7071 5821 3499 1354 2145 86.33 91.93 80.39 11.54 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 1094 576 518 511 215 296 75.45 80.33 70.67 9.66 3 000910- Chuglamsar (CT) 2627 1408 1219 1445 601 844 73.01 79.55 66.68 12.87 District (Urban): Leh(Ladakh)(003) 16613 9055 7558 5455 2170 3285 83.14 88.96 77.11 11.85

79 Sex-wise number and percentage of Scheduled Tribe literates and illiterates is depicted in the urban components of the district as returned in 2011-Census. As indicated in the table, district Leh Ladakh (MC) has been returned with total of 12892(86.33 percent) literate Scheduled Tribes persons comprising of 7071 (91.93%) literate males and 5821(80.39 percent) females, with 11.54 percent gap male/ female literacy rate. Chuglamsar (CT) with 2627 (73.01 percent) literate Scheduled Tribes persons comprising of 1408(79.55%) literate males and 1219 (66.68 percent) females, with 12.87 percent gap male/ female literacy rate. Spituk (CT) has least no i.e. 1094 (75.45 percent) literate Scheduled Tribes persons comprising of 576 (80.33 percent) males and 518 (70.67 percent) females with 9.66 percent Gap in male-female literacy rate

Table 30: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in Sub-districts, 2011

Sr. Name of Sub- Persons/ Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers (main and Non workers No. district Males/ population marginal workers) Females Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 00010-Leh Persons 93961 41486 44.15 10457 11.13 51943 55.28 42018 44.72 Males 56597 32976 58.26 5547 9.80 38523 68.07 18074 31.93 Females 37364 8510 22.78 4910 13.14 13420 35.92 23944 64.08 2 00011-Nubra Persons 22433 9388 41.85 4691 20.91 14079 62.76 8354 37.24 Males 13740 7714 56.14 2170 15.79 9884 71.94 3856 28.06 Females 8693 1674 19.26 2521 29.00 4195 48.26 4498 51.74 3 00012-Khalsi Persons 17093 6251 36.57 2806 16.42 9057 52.99 8036 47.01 Males 8634 4052 46.93 806 9.34 4858 56.27 3776 43.73 Females 8459 2199 26.00 2000 23.64 4199 49.64 4260 50.36 District: Leh(Ladakh) Persons 133487 57125 42.79 17954 13.45 75079 56.24 58408 43.76 (003) Males 78971 44742 56.66 8523 10.79 53265 67.45 25706 32.55 Females 54516 12383 22.71 9431 17.30 21814 40.01 32702 59.99

This table gives the number and percentage of main workers marginal workers and non-workers by sex tehsil level in the district. The district in 2011 Census has registered a total of 75079 worker comprising 53265 male workers and 21814 female workers.

The total workers include Main Workers and Marginal Workers. A total of 42.79 percent Main Workers comprise of 56.66 main male workers and 22.71 percent female main workers and whereas total of 13.45 percent Marginal Workers consist of 10.79 percent male and 17.30 percent female. 43.76 percent are non-workers with 32.55 percent male and 59.99 percent female respectively.

Among three tehsils of district Nubra tehsil has maximum no of workers 62.76 percent comprising of 71.94 percent male workers and 48.26 percent female workers. This is followed by Leh district which has total 55.28 percent workers comprising of 68.07 percent males and 35.92 percent females. Tehsil Khalsi has 52.99 percent workers which comprises of 56.27 percent males and 49.64 percent females.

80 Nubra has 41.85 percent main workers and 20.91 percent marginal workers. Leh has 44.15 percent main workers and 11.13 percent marginal workers whereas Khalsi has 36.57 percent main workers and 16.42 percent marginal workers.

Leh has 44.72 percent non workers which comprises of 31.93 percent males and 64.08 percent as females. Nubra and Khalsi have 37.24 and 47.01 percent non –workers respectively. Nubra has 28.06 percent male workers and 51.74 percent female workers, whereas Khalsi have 43.73 percent males and 50.36 percent female non workers.

Table 31: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers by Sex in CD Blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Persons/ Total Main workers Marginal Total workers (main Non workers No. Block Males/ population workers and marginal workers) Females Number % age Number % age Number % age Number % age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0020-Leh Persons 7584 2515 33.16 845 11.14 3360 44.30 4224 55.70 Males 3802 1602 42.14 354 9.31 1956 51.45 1846 48.55 Females 3782 913 24.14 491 12.98 1404 37.12 2378 62.88 2 0021-Nyoma Persons 8435 2427 28.77 1689 20.02 4116 48.80 4319 51.20 Males 4012 1444 35.99 829 20.66 2273 56.66 1739 43.34 Females 4423 983 22.22 860 19.44 1843 41.67 2580 58.33

3 0022-Chuchat Persons 13959 3734 26.75 2099 15.04 5833 41.79 8126 58.21

Males 6781 2473 36.47 920 13.57 3393 50.04 3388 49.96 Females 7178 1261 17.57 1179 16.43 2440 33.99 4738 66.01 4 0023-Kharu Persons 12343 7711 62.47 1015 8.22 8726 70.70 3617 29.30 Males 8419 6331 75.20 547 6.50 6878 81.70 1541 18.30 Females 3924 1380 35.17 468 11.93 1848 47.09 2076 52.91 5 0024-Durbok Persons 4911 1817 37.00 1094 22.28 2911 59.28 2000 40.72 Males 2450 1119 45.67 357 14.57 1476 60.24 974 39.76 Females 2461 698 28.36 737 29.95 1435 58.31 1026 41.69 6 0025-Nubra Persons 16754 7588 45.29 3348 19.98 10936 65.27 5818 34.73 Males 10629 6387 60.09 1418 13.34 7805 73.43 2824 26.57 Females 6125 1201 19.61 1930 31.51 3131 51.12 2994 48.88 7 0026-Panamic Persons 5679 1800 31.70 1343 23.65 3143 55.34 2536 44.66 Males 3111 1327 42.66 752 24.17 2079 66.83 1032 33.17 Females 2568 473 18.42 591 23.01 1064 41.43 1504 58.57 8 0027-Khalsi Persons 13494 4937 36.59 2133 15.81 7070 52.39 6424 47.61 Males 6706 3105 46.30 562 8.38 3667 54.68 3039 45.32 Females 6788 1832 26.99 1571 23.14 3403 50.13 3385 49.87 9 0028-Saspol Persons 4657 1569 33.69 717 15.40 2286 49.09 2371 50.91 Males 2501 1141 45.62 261 10.44 1402 56.06 1099 43.94 Females 2156 428 19.85 456 21.15 884 41.00 1272 59.00 Total Persons 87816 34098 38.83 14283 16.26 48381 55.09 39435 44.91 Males 48411 24929 51.49 6000 12.39 30929 63.89 17482 36.11 Females 39405 9169 23.27 8283 21.02 17452 44.29 21953 55.71

81 C.D block-wise number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers and non-workers is depicted in the table. Out of 9 C.D. Blocks Kharu has maximum no of workers i.e 70.70 percent , out of which 81.70 percent are males and 47.09 percent are females , then comes Nubra with 65.27 percent workers which comprises of 73.43 percent males and 51.12 percent females. Durbok has 59.28 percent workers out of which 60.24 percent are males and 58.31 percent are females, followed by Panamic which has 55.34 percent workers, it comprises of 66.83 percent males and 41.43 percent females.

Chuchat has least no of workers i.e. 41.79 percent which includes 50,04 percent males and 33.99 percent females followed by Leh which has 44.30 percent workers out of which 51.45 percent are males and 37.12 percent are females.

Maximum no of non-workers i.e.58.21 percent are found in C.D. Block Chuchat. 49.96 percent males are non-workers where as 66.01 percent females are non-workers. While as Kharu has minimum no of non workers i.e. only 29.30 percent which comprises of 18.30 percent males and 52.91 percent females.

Table 32: Number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers by sex in towns, 2011 Sr. Name of town Persons/ Total Main workers Marginal workers Total workers (main Non workers No. Males/ population and marginal Females workers) Number % age Number % age Number % age Number % age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 800047-Leh Persons 30870 17103 55.40 2435 7.89 19538 63.29 11332 36.71 Ladakh (MC) Males 21669 14866 68.60 1820 8.40 16686 77.00 4983 23.00 Females 9201 2237 24.31 615 6.68 2852 31.00 6349 69.00 2 000909-Spituk Persons 4047 1572 38.84 282 6.97 1854 45.81 2193 54.19 (CT) Males 2367 1271 53.70 196 8.28 1467 61.98 900 38.02 Females 1680 301 17.92 86 5.12 387 23.04 1293 76.96 3 000910- Persons 10754 4352 40.47 954 8.87 5306 49.34 5448 50.66 Chuglamsar Males 6524 3676 56.35 507 7.77 4183 64.12 2341 35.88 (CT) Females 4230 676 15.98 447 10.57 1123 26.55 3107 73.45 Persons 45671 23027 50.42 3671 8.04 26698 58.46 18973 41.54 District(Urban): Males 30560 19813 64.83 2523 8.26 22336 73.09 8224 26.91 Leh(Ladakh)(003) Females 15111 3214 21.27 1148 7.60 4362 28.87 10749 71.13

The table represents the number and percentage of main workers, marginal workers by sex in urban units of the district. Among 3 urban units in the district Leh (MC) has returned maximum of 63.29 percent total workers which constitutes males 77.00 percent and31.00 percent female workers. This is followed by Chuglamsar (CT) 49.34 percent workers comprising of 64.12percent males and 26.55 percent females. Spituk (CT) has 45.81 percent workers out of which 61.98 percent are males and 23.04 are females. Leh has 55.40 percent main workers and 7.89 percent marginal workers, Chuglamsar has

82 40.47 percent main workers and 8.87 percent marginal workers whereas Spituk has 38.84 percent main workers and 6.97 percent marginal workers.

As has been analyzed in the table, the maximum of 54.19 percent non-workers comprising of 38.02 percent and 76.96 percent male and female non-workers respectively have been returned in Spituk (CT) whereas Chuglamsar (CT) has 50.66 percent non workers out of which 35.88 percent are males and 73.45 percent are females. Leh (MC) has 36.71 percent i.e. minimum no of non-workers .Only 23.00 percent males are non-workers were as 69.00 percent females are non-workers.

Table 33: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Sub-District, 2011

Sr. Name of Sub- Persons/ Total Total Category of workers No District Males/ population workers Agricultural Household industry Cultivators Other workers . Females (main+ labourers workers marginal workers) Number % age Number % age Number % age Number % age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 00010-Leh Persons 93961 51943 10570 20.35 1176 2.26 531 1.02 39666 76.36 Males 56597 38523 5372 13.94 602 1.56 154 0.40 32395 84.09 Females 37364 13420 5198 38.73 574 4.28 377 2.81 7271 54.18 2 00011-Nubra Persons 22433 14079 5664 40.23 90 0.64 40 0.28 8285 58.85 Males 13740 9884 2250 22.76 38 0.38 22 0.22 7574 76.63 Females 8693 4195 3414 81.38 52 1.24 18 0.43 711 16.95 3 00012-Khalsi Persons 17093 9057 4635 51.18 379 4.18 449 4.96 3594 39.68 Males 8634 4858 2171 44.69 118 2.43 119 2.45 2450 50.43 Females 8459 4199 2464 58.68 261 6.22 330 7.86 1144 27.24 District: Persons 133487 75079 20869 27.80 1645 2.19 1020 1.36 51545 68.65 Leh(Ladakh) (003) Males 78971 53265 9793 18.39 758 1.42 295 0.55 42419 79.64 Females 54516 21814 11076 50.77 887 4.07 725 3.32 9126 41.84

Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in the tehsils has been depicted in the table:-

i) Cultivators: Among 3 tehsils of the district, tehsil Khalsi returned a maximum of 51.18 percent total cultivators comprising of 44.69 percent and 58.68 percent male and female cultivators which is followed by such class activity of workers which comes to be 40.23 percent total cultivators with 22.76 percent male and 81.38percent female cultivators for Nubra tehsil. The minimum total cultivators viz. 20.35 percent with 13.94 percent males and 38.73 percent female cultivators have been found in tehsil Leh of the district. ii) Agricultural Labourer: The agricultural labourers found in the Leh tehsil returned to be 2.26 percent with 1.56percent male and 4.28 percent female such workers. Tehsil Khalsi tops in registering maximum agricultural labourers with total of 4.18 percent such workers comprising of 2.43 percent males and 6.22 percent female agricultural labourers. The minimum no of agricultural laborers are found in Nubra tehsil with 0.64 percent of which 0.38 percent are males and 1.24 percent are females.

83 iii) Household Industry: The analysis of the figure indicates that in the district which comprises of three tehsil, there are total of 1.36 percent household industry workers comprising of 0.55 percent males and 3.32 percent female household industry workers. Among the three tehsil of the district tehsil Khalsi has a maximum of 4.96 percent total household industry workers comprising of 2.45 percent males and 7.86 percent females such workers which is followed by 1.02 percent total household industry workers with 0.40 percent male and 2.81 female such workers in tehsil Leh. The minimum total of 0.28 percent Household Industry workers with 0.22 percent and 0.43 percent male and female such workers in tehsil Nubra of the district as per the figures calculated in 2011-Census. iv) Other Workers: Among three tehsil of the district the total no of other workers, which calculate to be 68.65 percent including 79.64 percent males and 41.84 percent females are found. Tehsil Khalsi has minimum no of other workers i.e. 39.68 percent such workers comprising of 50.43 percent males and 27.24 percent females ,maximum no are found in tehsil Leh which has 76.36 percent other workers out of which 84.09 percent males and 54.18 percent females. There are total of 58.85 percent other workers with 76.63 percent males and 16.95 percent females in tehsil Nubra of the district.

84 Table 34: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in CD blocks, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Persons/ Total Total Category of Workers No. Block Males/ population workers Agricultural Household industry Females (main + Cultivators Other workers marginal labourers workers workers) Number % age Number % age Number % age Number % age 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 0020-Leh Persons 7584 3360 1610 47.92 129 3.84 25 0.74 1596 47.50 Males 3802 1956 859 43.92 43 2.20 7 0.36 1047 53.53 Females 3782 1404 751 53.49 86 6.13 18 1.28 549 39.10 2 0021-Nyoma Persons 8435 4116 2107 51.19 247 6.00 171 4.15 1591 38.65 Males 4012 2273 1168 51.39 113 4.97 35 1.54 957 42.10 Females 4423 1843 939 50.95 134 7.27 136 7.38 634 34.40 3 0022-Chuchat Persons 13959 5833 2179 37.36 132 2.26 116 1.99 3406 58.39 Males 6781 3393 972 28.65 71 2.09 40 1.18 2310 68.08 Females 7178 2440 1207 49.47 61 2.50 76 3.11 1096 44.92 4 0023-Kharu Persons 12343 8726 2273 26.05 137 1.57 22 0.25 6294 72.13 Males 8419 6878 1042 15.15 70 1.02 16 0.23 5750 83.60 Females 3924 1848 1231 66.61 67 3.63 6 0.32 544 29.44 5 0024-Durbok Persons 4911 2911 1696 58.26 75 2.58 137 4.71 1003 34.46 Males 2450 1476 839 56.84 34 2.30 22 1.49 581 39.36 Females 2461 1435 857 59.72 41 2.86 115 8.01 422 29.41 6 0025-Nubra Persons 16754 10936 4205 38.45 57 0.52 23 0.21 6651 60.82 Males 10629 7805 1621 20.77 27 0.35 11 0.14 6146 78.74 Females 6125 3131 2584 82.53 30 0.96 12 0.38 505 16.13 7 0026-Panamic Persons 5679 3143 1459 46.42 33 1.05 17 0.54 1634 51.99 Males 3111 2079 629 30.25 11 0.53 11 0.53 1428 68.69 Females 2568 1064 830 78.01 22 2.07 6 0.56 206 19.36 8 0027-Khalsi Persons 13494 7070 3925 55.52 269 3.80 300 4.24 2576 36.44 Males 6706 3667 1759 47.97 85 2.32 107 2.92 1716 46.80 Females 6788 3403 2166 63.65 184 5.41 193 5.67 860 25.27 9 0028-Saspol Persons 4657 2286 864 37.80 131 5.73 153 6.69 1138 49.78 Males 2501 1402 536 38.23 49 3.50 16 1.14 801 57.13 Females 2156 884 328 37.10 82 9.28 137 15.50 337 38.12 Persons 87816 48381 20318 42.00 1210 2.50 964 1.99 25889 53.51 Males 48411 30929 9425 30.47 503 1.63 265 0.86 20736 67.04 Total Females 39405 17452 10893 62.42 707 4.05 699 4.01 5153 29.53

The C.D. block-wise workers by sex in four categories of Economic Activity which comprises of Cultivators, Agricultural Labourers, Household Industry and Other Workers are indicated in the table.

I) Cultivators: The total of 42.00 percent cultivators comprising of 30.47 percent male and 62.42 percent female cultivators are found in the district. C.D Block Durbok has maximum no of cultivators i.e. 58.26 percent out of which 56.84 percent are males cultivators and 59.72 are female cultivators whereas Kharu returned minimum no of cultivators viz 26.05 out of which 15.15 percent are males and 66.61 percent are females.

II) Agricultural Labourers: Among 9 C.D. blocks in the district the C.D. block Nyoma has registered the maximum of 6.00 percent persons (4.97percent males + 7.27percent females). Agricultural Laborers which is followed by CD. Block Saspol , 5.73 percent (3.50 percent males+ 9.28 percent females) as Agriculture labourers , whereas CD. Block Nubra returned a

85 minimum of Agriculture Labourers i.e. 0.50 percent persons ( 0.35 percent males + 0.96 percent females). III) Household Industry Workers: The C.D. block Saspool in the district has returned with maximum of 72.13 percent persons (1.14 percent males + 15.50 percent females) as Household Industry Workers .Minimum no of Household industry workers are found in Nubra viz 0.21 percent which comprises of 0.14 percent males and 0.38 percent females. IV) Other Workers: The C.D. block Kharu out of 9 C.D. blocks in the district registered a maximum of 72.13 percent persons (83.60 percent males + 29.44 percent females) as other workers .The minimum no of other workers are registered in C.D. blocks Durbok which covered total of 34.46 percent persons (39.36 percent males + 29.41 percent females).

Table 35: Distribution of workers by sex in four categories of economic activity in Towns, 2011

Persons/ Total Total Category of workers Sl. Name of town Males/ population workers Cultivators Agricultural labourers Household industry Other workers No. Females (main + workers marginal workers) Number % age Number % age Number % age Number % age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 800047-Leh Persons 30870 19538 392 2.01 109 0.56 25 0.13 19012 97.31 Ladakh (MC) Males 21669 16686 256 1.53 55 0.33 16 0.10 16359 98.04 Females 9201 2852 136 4.77 54 1.89 9 0.32 2653 93.02 2 000909-Spituk Persons 4047 1854 71 3.83 23 1.24 4 0.22 1756 94.71 (CT) Males 2367 1467 57 3.89 16 1.09 2 0.14 1392 94.89 Females 1680 387 14 3.62 7 1.81 2 0.52 364 94.06 3 000910- Persons 10754 5306 88 1.66 303 5.71 27 0.51 4888 92.12 Chuglamsar (CT) Males 6524 4183 55 1.31 184 4.40 12 0.29 3932 94.00 Females 4230 1123 33 2.94 119 10.60 15 1.34 956 85.13 District (Urban): Persons 45671 26698 551 2.06 435 1.63 56 0.21 25656 96.10 Leh(Ladakh)(003) Males 30560 22336 368 1.65 255 1.14 30 0.13 21683 97.08 Females 15111 4362 183 4.20 180 4.13 26 0.60 3973 91.08

This table analyses the distribution of workers by sex in three categories of economic activity of urban units in the district as returned in 2011-Census.

Among 3 urban units in the district, Leh has registered 2.01 percent cultivators, 0.56 percent agricultural workers, 0.13 percent House hold industry workers and 97.31 percent other workers. 1.53 percent are male cultivators whereas 4.77 percent are female cultivators where as 0.33 percent males are agricultural laborers while 1.89 percent are female agricultural worker. 0.10 percent are males and 0.32 percent are females house hold industry workers 93.04 percent males are other workers while as 93.02 percent are female other workers.

86 Spituk (CT) has registered 3.83 percent cultivators, 1.24 percent agricultural workers and 0.22 percent house hold industry workers and 94.71 percent as other workers. 3.89 percent are male cultivators whereas 3.62 percent are female cultivators where as 1.09 percent males are agricultural laborers while 1.81 percent are female agricultural worker.94.89 percent males are other workers while as 94.06 percent are female other workers.

Chuglamsar (CT) has 1.66 percent (1.31 percent males + 2.94 percent females) Cultivators, 5.71 percent(4.40 percent males+ 10.60 percent females) agricultural workers , House hold workers are only 0.51 percent out of which 0.29 percent are males a and 1.34 percent are females whereas 92.12 percent (94.00 percent males+ 85.13 percent females) other workers.

87 (vi) BRIEF ANALYSIS OF PCA DATA BASED ON INSET TABLES 36 TO 45

The data collected from the revenue and other Government agencies regarding availability of various amenities in the matter of educational and medical institutions, power supply drinking water, post and telephone facilities, communication Banks, agricultural reedit societies have been compiled in the main village directory appendices (I-X). Similarly separate, civil finance medical educational and availability of various other amenities has also been compiled in the town directory Statements I-VI.

The salient features of village and town directory data in broad aggregates in respect of brief commentary and assessment of the progress made by rural/ urban population some of the important satieties and position of availability of various amenities at tehsil / town and community Development Block level is given in the following tables No 36-45.

Note:- Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Number Type of amenity available No. Block of

inhabited $

villages

#

@ Telephone ** Telephone Transport communications Agricultural Agricultural societiescredit by Approach pucca road supply Power Banks Education* Education* Medical^ water Drinking Post office

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 11 11 11 8 7 10 1 0 9 11 1 0020-Leh 11 (100) (100) (100) (72.73) (63.64) (90.91) (9.09) (0) (81.82) (100) 17 16 17 4 13 13 2 0 10 17 2 0021-Nyoma 17 (100) (94.12) (100) (23.53) (76.47) (76.47) (11.76) (0) (58.82) (100) 10 10 10 8 10 10 1 1 8 10 3 0022-Chuchat 10 ( 100) (100) (100) (80) (100) (100) (10) (10) (80) (100) 15 13 15 8 10 15 1 0 9 15 4 0023-Kharu 15 (100) (86.67) (100) (53.33) (66.67) (100) (6.67) (0) (60) (100) 6 5 4 3 2 5 2 0 0 6 5 0024-Durbok 6 (100) (83.33) (66.67) (50) (33.33) (83.33) (33.33) (0) (0) (100) 21 16 21 7 17 17 2 0 10 21 6 0025-Nubra 21 (100) (76.19) (100) (33.33) (80.95) (80.95) (9.52) (0) (47.62) (100) 7 7 7 3 7 7 1 0 7 7 7 0026-Panamic 7 (100) (100) (100) (42.86) (100) (100) (14.29) (0) (100) (100) 17 8 17 9 16 12 1 0 10 17 8 0027-Khalsi 17 (100) (47.06) (100) (52.94) (94.12) (70.59) (5.88) (0) (58.82) (100) 7 2 7 5 5 6 1 0 3 7 9 0028-Saspol 7 (100) (28.57) (100) (71.43) (71.43) (85.71) (14.29) (0) (42.86) (100) 111 88 109 55 87 95 12 1 66 111 Total 111 (100) (79.28) (98.2) (49.55) (78.38) (85.59) (10.81) (0.9) (59.46) (100) * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and Mobile.

Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities in C.D. blocks of the district returned as per 2011-Census is depicted in the table above and the analysis of the same in brief are ahead.

88 Education: Education has been provided to all the villages (111 villages) comprising of 100 percent population in the district.

Medical: Among 9 C.D. blocks in the district, C.D. block Leh and Panamic have 100 percent medical facility, while as Saspol has only 28.27 percent medical facility

Drinking Water: Improved drinking water facility has been provided to 55 villages in the district which comprises of 49.55 percent of population. All the 9 C.D. Blocks except Durbok have 100 percent drinking water facility. In Durbok only 4 i.e. 66.67 percent have drinking water facility.

Post Office: The Post Office facility has been made available to 49.55 percent population in 55 villages of the district. C.D. block Chuchat has post office facility available to maximum no of villages i.e. 80 percent population in 8 villages. Durbok have this facility available to only 50 percent i.e. 3 villages.

Telephone: In 87 villages with 78.38 percent population in the district, the facility of telephone connection is provided to them. Among 9 C.D. blocks in the district, the C.D. block Panamic and Chachut leads in telephonic facility provided to cent population residing in 10 villages and 7 villages respectively. The least no of this facility is provided 23 villages in Durbok viz 33.33 percent only.

Transport and Communication: The population of 85.59 percent persons in 95 villages of the district has been registered with the availability of transport and communication in the district as returned in 2011-Census.Out of 9 C.D. blocks in the district, C.D. block Chuchat, Kharu and Panamic leads in having the facility made available to its 100 percent population in 10.15 and 7 villages respectively whereas in C.D. block Nubra 80.95 percent in 17 villages have this facility.

Banking: Bank facility is available to 10.81 percent population which comprises of 12 villages.

Agricultural credit societies Out of 9 C.D. Blocks only Chuchat have agricultural credit societies available.to its 1 only village i.e. 10 percent.

Approach by Pucca Road: The district is approachable by Pucca Roads in 66 villages comprising of 59.46 percent population. The C.D. block Panamic remains to be leading in having the approach by Pucca Roads to its 100 percent population in 7 villages. Durbok don’t have pucca road facilities followed by Saspol which have 42.86 percent pucca roads in 3 C.D blocks

Power Supply: Power supply has been provided to all the villages (111 villages) comprising of 100 percent population in the district.

89

Table 37: Number and percentage of rural population served by different amenities, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Total Type of amenity available No. Block population

of $

inhabited

# villages

@ Telephone ** Telephone Transport communications Agricultural Agricultural societiescredit by Approach pucca road supply Power Banks Education* Education* Medical^ water Drinking Post office

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 7584 7584 7584 6715 6686 7336 2036 0 7008 7584 1 0020-Leh 7584 (100) (100) (100) (88.54) (88.16) (96.73) (26.85) (0) (92.41) (100) 8435 8357 8435 1847 7706 6283 1183 0 5627 8435 2 0021-Nyoma 8435 (100) (99.08) (100) (21.9) (91.36) (74.49) (14.02) (0) (66.71) (100) 13959 13959 13959 11127 13959 13959 2237 2237 13031 13959 3 0022-Chuchat 13959 (100) (100) (100) (79.71) (100) (100) (16.03) (16.03) (93.35) (100)

4 0023-Kharu 12343 12343 11957 12343 10714 10864 12343 167 0 8662 12343 (100) (96.87) (100) (86.8) (88.02) (100) (1.35) (0) (70.18) (100) 4911 4347 3370 2510 1533 4347 1533 0 0 4911 5 0024-Durbok 4911 (100) (88.52) (68.62) (51.11) (31.22) (88.52) (31.22) (0) (0) (100) 16754 15665 16754 9414 15525 15730 1855 0 13962 16754 6 0025-Nubra 16754 (100) (93.5) (100) (56.19) (92.66) (93.89) (11.07) (0) (83.34) (100) 5679 5679 5679 3048 5679 5679 711 0 5679 5679 7 0026-Panamic 5679 (100) (100) (100) (53.67) (100) (100) (12.52) (0) (100) (100) 13494 8664 13494 9931 13233 11517 1932 0 8245 13494 8 0027-Khalsi 13494 (100) (64.21) (100) (73.6) (98.07) (85.35) (14.32) (0) (61.1) (100) 4657 2263 4657 4148 4036 4555 1205 0 3195 4657 9 0028-Saspol 4657 (100) (48.59) (100) (89.07) (86.67) (97.81) (25.88) (0) (68.61) (100) 87816 78475 86275 59454 79221 81749 12859 2237 65409 87816 Total 87816 (100) (89.36) (98.25) (67.7) (90.21) (93.09) (14.64) (2.55) (74.48) (100)

Entire cent of the rural population of the district is being served by educational amenities and power supply whereas Chuchut is the only C.D. Block which has Agricultural credit societies available Out of nine C.D. Blocks only three C.D. Blocks i.e Leh, Chuchat and Panamic have 100 percent Medical facility. 100 percent Drinking water facility is available to all the nine C.D.Blocks except Durbok which has only 68.62 percent water facility available. Chuchat and Panamic C.D .Block have 100 percent Telephone communication available to all their villages where as 3 C.D. Blocks viz Chuchat, Kharu and Panamic C.D. Blocks respectively have 100 percent transport communication facility available. Bank facility is available to 12859 ( 14.64 percent) population only out of which Durbok, Leh and Saspool have banks available to maximum no of population i.e. 1533 (31.22 percent), 2036 ( 26.85 percent) and 1205 ( 25.88 percent) respectively. 74.4 percent of the villages have Pucca road facility of which maximum i.e.7008 (92.41percent) of Leh C.D. Block have Pucca road facility available whereas C.D. Block Durbok don’t have.

90 Table 38: Distribution of villages not having certain amenities, arranged by distance ranges from the places where these are available, 2011

Distance range of place from the villages where the amenity is available Village not having the amenity of Less than 5 5-10 10+ Total kilometres kilometres kilometres (Col. 2-4) 1 2 3 4 5 1. Education:- (a) Primary school 5 2 1 8 (b) Middle school 7 7 15 29 (c) Degree college 0 1 110 111 2. Medical:- (a) Hospital 0 5 105 110 (b) PHC 2 20 69 91 3. Post office- 3 15 38 56 4. Telephone 4 10 10 24 5. Bus service 0 7 9 16 6. Bank:- (a) Commercial Bank 5 12 82 99 (b) Cooprative bank 10 13 76 99 7. Agricultural credit societies 0 1 109 110

Degree college includes Art,Engineering and Medicine Hospital includes Allopathic & Alternative Medicine Post office includes post office, telegraph office and post & telegraph office Telephone includes Telephone,PCO and mobiles Bus includes private and public

The table depicts the distribution of villages not having certain amenities, within the village at district level. The habitants of the villages go out of their habitation unit to avail of these facilities such of the villages have been presented in the table according to various distance ranges. As depicted in the table, 8 villages do not have Primary School in their villages and out of these children of 5 villages have to travel a distance of less than 5 kms for schooling and whereas 2 villages have to travel a distance of 10+ kilometers and 1 village have to travel more than 10+ Kms to attain the educational facility upto the Primary School level. Again out of 29 villages which do not have middle schools within the village, the children of 7 villages each have to travel the distance of less than 5 kms and 5-10 Kms respectively to avail the facility of Middle School and whereas students from 15 villages travel a long distance of 10+kms. to attain education in Middle School.

Among 111 villages, the students from 1 village have to cover the distance of 5-10kms to attain the education in the Degree College and whereas the children from 110 villages avail the Degree College education after travelling a distance of 10+ kms

In Medical field 5 villages have to cover a distance of 5-10 kms and 105 villages have to cover a distance of 10+ kms respectively for hospital. 2 villages have PHC available at less than 5kms whereas 15 and 38 villages have to cover a distance of 5-10 and 10+ kms respectively for PHC facility.

91 Post Office facility has been made available to 56 villages out of 3 at the distance of less than 5 Kms. 15 such villages witness the facility within the range of 5-10 kms. and 38 inhabited villages avail the facility under reference at the distance of 10+ kms.

Regarding telephone facility, of 24 inhabited villages, out of which 4 such villages have this facility at the distance of less than 5 kms. and 10 such villages avail the telephonic facility at a distance of 5-10 kms. and distance of 10+ kms. respectively

Bus Service has been made available to 16 inhabited villages out of 7 such villages at the distance of 5-10 kms. and 9 villages avail this facility at the distance of 10+ kms.

The Banking Facility, which includes Commercial banking and Cooperative banking, has been made available to 15 inhabited villages at the distance of less than 5 kms. 25 such villages avail this facility at the distance of 5-10 kms. The remaining 158 villages take the opportunity of this facility at the distance of 10+ kms.

Only 1 village have Agricultural Credit Society available at a distance of 5-10 kms and 109 villages avail this facility at the distance of 10+ kms.

Table 39: Distribution of villages according to the distance from the nearest statutory town and availability of different amenities, 2011

Distance Number Number of Type of amenity available Range from Percentage Inhabited the nearest Villages in Statutory Each Range

Town (In

Kilometres)

Education* Medical^ Post Office# ** Telephone Transport $ Communications @ Banks Credit Agricultural Societies by Pucca Approach Road 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Less than 5 Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 - 15 Number 9 9 7 5 7 9 0 0 7 Percentage 100 77.78 55.56 77.78 100 0 0 77.78 16- 50 Number 25 25 24 16 22 23 3 1 20 Percentage 100 96 64 88 92 12 4.0 80.0 51+ Number 77 77 57 34 58 63 9 0 39 Percentage 100 74.03 44.16 75.32 81.82 11.69 0 50.65 Unspecified Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Number 111 111 88 55 87 95 12 1 66 Percentage 100 79.28 49.55 78.38 85.59 10.81 0.9 59.46

# Post office includes Post office, Telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways.

92 This table deals with the distribution of villages according to the distance from the nearest statutory town and availability of different amenities based on 2011-Census. Out of 111 inhabited villages in the district all the villages have educational facility available,

Medical facility is available to 88 villages i.e.79.28 percent Range 16-50 have medical facility available to 96 percent of their villages where as ranges 5-15 and 51+ have medical facility available to 77.78 percent and 74.03 percent respectively. Post office facility is available to 49.55 percent i.e.55 villages, in the range of 5-51, 16-50 and 51+.

Telephone facility is available to 78.38 percent which covers 87 villages whereas 95 villages’ i.e. 85.59 percent villages have Transport Communications available. Range 5-51 has Transport Communications available to all the villages i.e. 9 (100 percent)

. Only 12 villages i.e. 10.81 have Bank facility whereas only 0.9 percent i.e. 1 village have Agricultural Credit Societies and 59.46 percent i.e. 66 villages have Approach by Pucca Road.

Maximum no of villages i.e. 77 villages are in the distance range of 51+ kms followed by 25 villages which are in the range of 16-50 Kms, whereas only 9 villages are in the range of 5-15 .Kms from the nearest statuary town.

Table 40: Distribution of villages according to population range and amenities available, 2011 Population Number Number of Type of amenity available

range Percentage inhabited

#

villages in

@ each range

$ Telephone ** Telephone Education* Education* Medical^ Drinking water Post office Transport communicatio ns Banks Agricultural credit societies by Approach pucca road supply Power

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1-499 Number 54 54 39 54 17 36 41 3 0 24 54 Percentage 100 72.22 100 31.48 66.67 75.93 5.56 0 44.44 100 500-999 Number 28 28 21 26 13 22 26 4 0 18 28 Percentage 100 75 92.86 46.43 78.57 92.86 14.29 0 64.29 100 1000 - 1999 Number 22 22 21 22 20 22 21 3 0 17 22 Percentage 100 95.45 100 90.91 100 95.45 13.64 0 77.27 100 2000 - 4999 Number 6 6 6 6 4 6 6 2 1 6 6 Percentage 100 100 100 66.67 100 100 33.33 16.67 100 100 5000 - 9999 Number 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 Percentage 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 10000 + Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Percentage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 District Total Number 111 111 88 109 55 87 95 12 1 66 111 Percentage 100 79.28 98.2 49.55 78.38 85.59 10.81 0.9 59.46 100 Notes:- * Education includes all education facilities. ^ Medical includes all medical facilities. # Post office includes post office, telegraph office and Post and telegraph office. $ Transport communication includes bus service, railway facility and navigable waterways. @ Bank includes Commercial Bank and Cooperative Bank. ** Telephone includes Telephone, PCO and Mobile.

93

This table indicates the distribution of villages by population ranges and amenities available there as returned in 2011-Census.

All the 111 (100%) villages falling in different ranges have education and power supply facilities. 1 (100 percent) village which fall in the range of 5000-9999 have all the amenities except banks There is no village in the range of 1000+.6 (100 percent) villages in the range of 2000-4999 have medical, drinking water, telephone ,Transport communications and Approach by pucca road facilities available where as 4 (66.70 percent) , 2(33.33 percent) and 1(16.67 percent) villages have Post office, Banks and Agricultural credit societies facilities respectively. In the range of 1-499 54 (100 percent) villages have Drinking water facility, 39 (72.22 percent) and 36 (66.67 percent) villages have medical and telephone facility available respectively.41 (75.93 percent) villages have Transport communications facility whereas only 3(5.56 percent) villages have banks available. Post office is available to 17(31.48 percent) villages and 24 (44.44 percent) Villages do have Approach by pucca road. All the village i.e. 22(100 percent) villages in the range of 1000-1999 have drinking and telephone facilities available respectively.

Table 41: Distribution of villages according to land use, 2011

Sr. Name of CD Number of Total area Percentage of Percentage of No. Block inhabited (in Hectares) cultivable area irrigated area to villages to total area total cultivable area 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 0020-Leh 11 2876.10 35.36 95.22 2 0021-Nyoma 17 1398.40 38.95 92.27 3 0022-Chuchat 10 5011.50 46.85 89.23 4 0023-Kharu 15 3258.90 37.69 93.51 5 0024-Durbok 6 1777.40 19.21 93.73 6 0025-Nubra 21 3344.20 26.92 91.22 7 0026-Panamic 7 13337.20 5.22 85.64 8 0027-Khalsi 17 4239.00 44.01 73.65 9 0028-Saspol 7 1745.80 30.91 91.98 Total 111 36988.50 25.63 87.78 Note:- Cultivable area= irrigated area + unirrigated area

The table speaks about the C.D. block-wise distribution of villages according to land use. It also gives the details of total area, percentage of cultivable area to total area and percentage of irrigated area to total cultivable area of 2011-Census. As is available in the table, the total no of 111 inhabited villages in the district have 36988.50 hectares total area of which 25.63 percent is cultivable and 87.78 percent to cultivable are is irrigated area. The area figure indicated in the table has been collected from the revenue records maintained for each village by the State Government.

94 As is observed from the table, maximum area is found in Panamic C.D block which has 7 villages with 13337.20 hectares of land out of which 5.222 percent is cultivable area and 85.64 percent is irrigated area, the C.D. block Nubra with 21 inhabited villages has a total area of 3344.20 hectares of which 26.92 percent of land is cultivable and 91.22 percent is irrigated whereas minimum area is in C.D.Block Noyma with 1398.40 percent total land out of which 38.95 percent is cultivable and 92.97 percent is irrigated area followed by Saspol with 7 inhabited villages has a total area of 1745.80 of which 30.19 percent is cultivable and 87.78 percent is irrigated.

Table 42: Schools/ colleges per 10,000 population in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of the town Type of educational institution (Approx. numbers) No. Secondary / Senior Primary Middle College* Matriculation Secondary 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 3 3 3 3 0 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 7 2 0 0 0 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) 1 3 3 1 0 Total 11 8 6 4 0

Note- * College includes Arts/ Science/ Commerce College (Degree Level and above)

The table indicates the schools/colleges per 10,000 populations in statutory towns. The results available in the table show that in urban areas of Leh district the average number of Primary School per 10,000 population comes to be 11 and Middle schools 8 The Secondary/Matriculation Schools and Senior Secondary School counts to be 6 and 4 respectively and whereas there is no college available in the district (urban). Out of 3 towns in the district, Spituk census town returned 7 Primary Schools, 2 Middle School, followed by Leh which has 3 Primary Schools, Middle Schools and Secondary/Matriculation each respectively. There is no College in any of the three town Chulumsar returned with 1 Primary Schools and 3 Middle Schools Secondary/Matriculation and 1 Senior Secondary School.

Table 43: Number of beds in medical institutions in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of the town Number of beds in medical institutions per No. 10,000 population (Approx. numbers)

1 2 3 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 79 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 30 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) 4 Total 113

95 The table depicts the number of beds in medical institutions in the towns. The urban parts of the district have returned 113 beds in medical institutions per 10,000 persons. Leh (MC). has registered the highest no of 79 beds per 10,000 population followed by 30 beds in Spituk (CT), then comes Chuglamsar (CT) which has only 4 such beds per 10,000 persons available.

Table 44: Proportion of slum population in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of the town having slum Total population Slum population Percentage of slum population No. to total population

1 2 3 4 5 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) 30870 7763 25.15 2 000909-Spituk (CT) 4047 Nil -- 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) 10754 Nil -- Total Nil

Table 44 depicts the position of slum population of the Leh district. The table shows percentage of slum population in Leh ledakh (MC) as 25.15 %.

Table 45: Most important commodity manufactured in towns, 2011

Sr. Name of the town Name of three most important No. commodities manufactured 1 2 3 1 800047-Leh Ladakh (MC) Pashmina Shawl, Kangri, Woolen Cloths 2 000909-Spituk (CT) Nil, Nil, Nil 3 000910-Chuglamsar (CT) Nil, Nil, Nil

Only in Leh Town commodities manufactured are i.e. pashmina shawl, kangri, woolen cloths. Whereas in Spituk and Chuglamsar none of the commodity is manufacture.

96 (vii) MAJOR SOCIAL AND CULTURAL EVENTS, NATURAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DEVELOPMENTS AND SIGNIFICANT ACTIVITIES DURING DECADE

Ladakh is a land that abounds in awesome physical features set in an enormous landscape and therefore it appears beautifully desolate and remote. Yet over centuries, it has imbibed diverse ethnic, religious and cultural influences through the many missionaries , explorers and traders who traversed its windswept plateau and deep valleys. In the process it has been able to evolve and inherit a rich culture, which survives even today as a living heritage of the Western Himalayas. This heritage finds manifestations in the region’s monuments , monasteries art and oral literature, fair and festivals and in the time honoured tradition of collective celebration of various events. Here every occasion – marriage, birth farming and harvesting , even the flowering of plants is celebration of various events. Here every occasion marriage , birth , farming and harvesting even the flowering of plants- is celebrated with great fun fare, marked with feasting , dancing and singing of flock songs that form part of its rich culture . In summer most villages held colourful archery festivals and thanks giving events, while winter is the period in which most of the religious festivals and social and cultural events are held.

Among the many social and cultural events of Ladakh the annual festivals held in the Buddhist monasteries constitute the most important part of the regions living heritage. These festivals are held to commemorate the founding of a particular monastery or the birth anniversary of its patron saint or major events in the history and evolution of Tibetan Buddhism. Thousands of people turn out to attend these festivals in their tradition best , making every event a carnival of colours. For the local people , participation in these festivals serves the dual purpose of attaining religious merit and social entertainment , while for the visitors they afford an opportunity to experience the richness of the religious and cultural heritage of Ladakh.

The core event of the monastic festival is Chhams, a highly choreographed sacred dance drama performed by Lambas to the accompaniment of mystic music played on the monastic orchestra . These dances are performed not only to symbolize the destruction of evil sprits and dramatize the illusoriness of life, but also as ritual offerings to the tutelary deities (Yi-dam) of monastery and guardians of the faith. A select group of Lambas of the monastery , dressed in brightly patterned brocade robes, performs the dance in the monastic courtyard called Chhamra. The dancers wear various kind of masks , some fierce and grotesque, other benign and pleasing. These represent various divinities from the Buddhist pantheon , most of which are found in statue form in the Gom Khang – the room dedicated to the guardian divinities in major monasteries. Some of the mask may even represent famous character from historical episodes or Tibetan fables. The more fearsome ones represent various forms of the protectors of religious (Dharmapalas), actually Buddha and Bodhisattvas in their wrathful tantric form. Other

97 represent local guardian divinities, originally Gods and demons of the pre Buddhist Bonpo and Shaminist belief system that were tamed and integrated into the Buddhist pantheon by Padmasambhava , founder of Tibetan monasticism.

As the Chhams approached its end on the second and final day of the festival , the climatic scene is enacted in which the votive offerings, a grotesque human figure moulded from dough and consecrated with prayers and rites is stabbed with ritual instruments., disinembered and the pieces scattered in the four cardial directions.. This ritual, known as Dao Tuvla ( killing of the enemy), is traditionally executed by Jha Nak, leader of the black hat dancers who perform one of the cultic dance sequences. It symbolises the destruction of the evil in the individual soul, leading to its purification. Scattering of the destroyed human figure symbolizers dissolution of the body into the totality of elements after its physical death.

In ancient times the ritual dance constituted an important part of the magic rite performed to physically kill the enemy of Buddhism. Such dances are not held anymore. However the ceremony of Dao- Tulva – symbolizing the destruction of the enemy represented by the human figure is a remnant of this tradition.

The rites and ceremonies of the festival are conducted by the head Lama incarnate (Rimpoche) of the monastery. He occupies a high throne in the centre of the long gallery which runs along the open sides of the rectangular dancing courtyard on to which open the gates of the main assembly hall ( Du- Khang) which also serves as the green room for the lama Dancers. Other Lamas of the monetary and the monastic musician all dressed in their ceremonial robes , sit in near rows below the throne on its either side on carpet covered cushions. The seating is strictly according to the placement order and status of each Lamba in monastic hierarchy which is enforced by the Lama in charge of monastic discipline.

Every major monastery has a dancing courtyard (Chhamra) within its premises, which is generally surrounded by galleries meant for the spectators . During the festival , it is decorated with fresh prayer flags and new Tarchen ( long prayer flag ) is wound around the ventral flagpole., the colours of flag and the ‘Trachen’ should correspond to the element of the particular year. The front façade of the monastic building overlooking the courtyard is decorated with huge ‘Thangka’ bearing the image of the founding saint of the monastic order to which the monastery belongs. In some cases the ‘ Thangka’ depicts the deity represented in the mystic play being enacted through the sacred dances. ` The dances are conducted by the dance master ( Chhamps) who is well versed in the art of choreographing the various sequences as per instructions contained and codified in the dance book (Chhams- Vig ) . The ‘Rimpocche ‘ leads the Lambas in the recitation of the prayers and observance of the rites associated with various episodes of the Chamms thus creating the appropriate

98 ambience for the devotees to imbibe the spiritual effect of the dance. The appearance of masked dancers in their measured steps , in turn with the kind of divinities they are to encounter during the 49- days Bardo or transit period between death as human being and rebirth in one of the six forms of existence , depending upon one’s Karma.

The festivals also provide the people with an opportunity for socializing, trading and general entertainment. As makeshift market springs up overnight around the monastery. During the summer festivals, families visiting the monastery from far and wide organise outings or overnight excursions. In nearby gardens while younger visitors arrange all night singing and dancing parties in nearby village. The more devoted villagers, however look at the event essentially as an opportunity to gain religious merits from pilgrimage of the monastery and the various images place therein , for, it is during these festivals that the Leh devotees can visit all the rooms and view all images and figures which are otherwise kept closed veiled. Mathoo monastery is the only establishment in Ladakh which follows the Saskya-pa order , one of the last Red sect to be founded in Tibet.

The monetary is situated on a hill in a lateral ravine of the Stock-Khangri range. Across the Indus, some 26 Kms east of Leh. It is believed to be nearly 500 years old and now has a residence community of about 60 monks. Its annual festivals called’ Mathoo Nagrang’ is held on the 14th and 15th day of the 1st Tibetan month, which generally falls during the month of February –March. The most interesting feature of this festival is that two oracles of the monetary, known as Rongtsan made a public appearance during these two days. They are actually monks of monastery, chosen every year 3rd year by lots and trained from being possessed by the gods. As part of this training, they stay in retreat and mediate in isolation for two months in preparation for receiving the spirit of the deities.

On the first day of the festival, the oracles enter in a state of trance and receive the deities. In this state they perform all sorts of impossible and miraculous feats such as cutting themselves with swords , running over the high ramparts of the monastery and jumping from balcony to another all blindfolded. Amidst all these live wire feats they answer the quarries made by the people about their problems or reply to those seeking predictions. People from far and wide comes to witness the feats of these oracles and hear them predict key future events as well as to seek divine solutions for their personal problems It is believed that the oracles are able to detect false questions posed for testing them to which their reaction are mostly violent. The Matho oracles are famous all over Ladakh and people from various walks of life repose abiding faith in their prediction.

Losar is the most important of all the socio- religious events of Ladakh. Interestingly the, Losar rites and customs are a mixture of Buddhist and the pre- Buddhist Bon traditions. Preparations for the events starts quite early, immediately after the harvesting season is over., when people start stockings

99 provisions for the occasion sheep and goats for the customary feasts as well as grain for brewing ‘Chang’ (a local barley beer) new cloths and jewellery are also made for wearing on the New Year.

The festivities start on the 29th day of the 10th month of the Tibetan calendar with the immolation of homes and shrines. Then begins the series of evening feasts to which relatives and family friends are invited. The Muslim peasantry in most parts of Ladakh also follows this tradition.

The new year day itself starts with the offering of votive at the shrine of personal Gods and clan ancestors and greeting of family elders, relatives and friends. Afterwards , elders of the family receive them with customary visitors , who come to greet them with presents and Khatak (ceremonial scarf) . The younger members calls on various friends and relatives. Leh and its adjoining villages wear a carnival look as people come out in their colourful best. It is customary for the Muslims and Christians in Leh to call on their Buddhist friends carrying presents and ‘Khatak‘ to greet them on the occasion.

Ethnically the Ladakhis comprise amalgam of four prominent strains, namely Mons, Dards, Tibetan and Balties. Mons belong to the Aryan race, they might be called as professional entertainers as they move from place to place playing their musical instruments and for the most part are denied the privilege of inter marriage with the other groups .Dard are confined mainly to Drass and the Indus valley. At Drass they are Muslims and retain very little of their past. But those in the Indus valley below Khaltse display a distinctive identity, preserving their original Buddhist Changpas with their herds of Pashm.

Baltis are mostly found in Western Ladakh in the Kargil region, but isolated pockets exist in the Nobra valley and near Leh. They are believed to be descendants of the Sakas , a central Asian race.

All groups have together contributed their own perceptible share in the distinctive physiognomy , language and homogenised culture in Ladakh. The Ladakhis are simple and hardy people with immerse capacity for work and the fortitude to not merely survive but remain cheerful under the most adverse physical conditions living as close to nature as they do, they have maintained harmonious balance with their surroundings.

100 (VIII) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PLACES OF RELIGIOUS, HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE.

RELIGION:-

Travelling monks and scholars ensured that the land never lacked in its culture and religious dimensions. The Vajrayana sect of Mahsyana Buddhism is the dominant form of religion , with a mixture of animistic . Both faith and ancient Hindu Tantric practices. Both central and eastern Ladakh are predominantly Buddhists, while western Ladakhis are mainly shia.

DRESS AND ORNAMENTS:-

Goncha a voluminous robe of thick woollen cloth with a colourful cummerbund ties at the waist is the most common Ladakhi dress, loose pajamas , a top hat and a long felt boots complete the esemble. slight dress variation exist for men and women. Buddhists mainly wear a brick red robes but the nomads of Chang Thang wear undyed clothes. Ladakhi women wear an attractive headgear called Perak made of black lamb skins studded with semi-precious turquoise stones , covering the head like a cobra’s hood and tapering to a thin tail reaching down the back. For ceremonial purposes, colourful robes in silk and brocade are worn.

LADAKHI CUSTOM:

The death rite in Leh (Ladakh) are peculiar. A child below the age of eight is buried , but older children’s and elders are cremated. When a person dies, the body is kept in the house for a week for performance of rite and prayers. Lamas remain in the house during this period. they sleep and eat in the same room where the dead body is kept while the men and women sitting in separate room mourn for the deceased. The body is kept in the lying position but is tied in sitting position. In summer the body is kept cool by Hay and sprinkling water over it. A sort of a crown is put over the head of the corpse. The body is brought down from the stairs usually by the eldest son of the family on his back and then put in coffin box and carried for cremation. The body is put in an oven built above the ground and the wood is burnt from the below, so that comparatively less wood is consumed. This method of cremation is perhaps followed because of the shortage of wood . The practice of tying the body in a sitting position has an interesting origin. It is stated that once while prayers were in progress on the seventh day after death, the corpse rose from the bed and tried to run out of the house through the door where it was hit on the forehead by the lentil of the door and fell. This creates a difficult problem for the completion of the death rites. . It is now believed that top prevent any possible recurrence of such an incident, the body is securely tired with ropes

101 in a sitting posture. Many inhabitants do not take a bath as a habit. In the Changthang Rupihu people do not bath primarily due to cold. Elsewhere bathing is avoided because of some taboos or because of a belief that it would bring bad cluck. Both men and women wear a head gear. To move about without headgears is not considered respectful. Ladakhis use various utensils. The poor people have simple goblets of wood. Those more prospers have goblets of wood moulded in silver. The very rich ones use silver goblets. Normally they stick to their own personal utensils. A large spoon is important and a universal article. It is made of a metal with exotic design, and is usually huge for the girdle. The upper part of the spoon is used for stirring Sattu , roasted barley or any other kind of food and the lower one for spinning Broth.

JAMIA MASJID LEH:-

The historical mosque is situated in the heart of Leh town. It was build in 1666-67 A.D consequent to an agreement between the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and the then ruler of Ladakh Deldan Namgyal. Since then it has been repaired and extended several times. The Mughals have facilitated withdrawal of Mongol army from Leh (Ladakh) as early as in 15th century, the Muslim shrines were constructed latter than that. A couple of years ago , the Jamia Masjid was dismantled and a new mosque was constructed in the place using modern masonry skills.

MASJID-E-SHAH- HAMDAN:-

In Shey village a 15kms from Leh there is a small mosque of great historical value. The mosque known as Shah-e-Hamdan mosque was built by one of the greatest preachers of Islam in Kashmir, Mir Syed Ali Hamdani popularly known as Shah- e –Hamdan. He has arrived at Ladakh about seven centuries ago.

GUMPAS:-

The most conspicuous and interesting feature of the landscape in Leh (Ladakh) district is the Gumpas, Chortens and Manis.

The word Gumpa refers to a solitary place . Gumpas are always built away from the crowded and noisy influenced of the village settlements. The fact that the major Gumpas are located along the major trade routes and their concentration near Leh indicate their role in trade activity. Thus the location of Gumpas on the trade route extending from Kashmir valley to Western Tibet i.e Lamayuru , Spituk, Phanyang, Thiskay, Hemis and Chemery and from plains of Punjab to central Asia such as Karsha, Takrimo, Zanskar and Diskit becomes meaningful significant. They are mostly located along the Indus and its tributaries. These are usually situated on steep slopes of the hills.

102 The Gumpas also highlight the tradition of collective labour and the availability of considerable architectural skills without which it have not been possible to put up such splendid and colourful buildings on difficult sites. The villages are immediately affiliated to their respective village Gumpas which in turn are affiliated to the medium Gumpas and ultimately to the major Gumpas. Since the monks are not supposed to work on the Gumpa- land as there is a strong belief that their ploughing of the land will result in death of numerous life- bearing objects, the villages either work as tenants or agricultural labourer. The tenants pay one-fifth to half of the produce to Gumpa as rent and hold nothing in their own right. The farmers also manufacture woollen stuffs, jewellery and pottery for their ecclesiastical masters. The Gumpas drive their income from following ways:- 1. Rents from tenants 2. Agricultural produce cultivated by labourers in Gumpa lands 3. Donations from people 4. Trade 5. Interest from money- lending operations.

There are about 2800 monks in Leh (Ladakh ) district which gives a fairly high ratio of priests to people. Generally every Buddhist sends one son to be obtained as a monk. Families where no son is born daughters are sent to become nuns.

Gumpas play the most important part in the life of the Buddhists. The monasteries are not merely the hub of the religious life of the people but are also the cultural repositories of the land. In order to qualify the religious order of the Lamas one has not only to learn the scriptures by hard toil but has to learn to draws paintings on wall or canvass cloth ( the latter type of painting is known as Tankas) and also to sculpt in metal and stone the figure of numerous deities. Thus every Gumpa has become a treasure house cute mystic art objects. These art objects and the great wealth of the monasteries accumulated over the centuries are displayed on the occasion of the festival which every Gumpa observes to mark different auspicious events. Nowhere in Kashmir do the people reveal so much in gaiety and in colour as in Leh and no where else do they celebrate so many festivals and hold so many fairs either. Often these festivals have a ‘Local’ atmosphere cantered around the deity of Lord Buddha of a local Gumpa. . Though all festivals in Leh have religious back ground some of them have over the years attracted people from all creeds and castes who take part in them freely.

Two other things that occupy importance in the life and land of Leh are the aubiquitous manis or the walls of the praying stones and the Chortens. Manis are found where ever there is any habitation and at place even away from it. A Mani is a massive stone wall sometimes upto a mile long and about eight feet high, the top floating either from the centre either side . Every stone of the roof is elaborately carved in

103 pictorial characters with prayers generally with ‘ OM MANI PADNE HUNG’ that is repeated millions of times daily in that land. Towering above the houses, the Chorten or the sarcophagi , made of mud and gaily painted can also be seen everywhere in Leh district. They contain the ashes of pious Lamas.

HEMIS GUMPAS:-

Hemis Gumpa is situated 36 Kms south of Leh, at the left bank of river Indus, in the lap of the snow- capped mighty Himalayas. It is amongst the biggest Gumpa in Leh district and its majestic edifice is built in Tibetan architecture. In summer the atmosphere near and around the monastery is filled with the sweet aroma of wild flowers. The place is quite still and secluded inspiring meditation. Hemis was founded nearly four hundred years ago by an eminent Buddhist, saint Hawang Gyatso.

In the past people used to come from far off places travelling on foot for days and weeks to visit Hemis Gumpa and Hemis fair. Now however , the journey has become easy due to vehicular roads. Someone from every Buddhist family should go to this fair every year. It is must for the Buddhist of Leh to visit Hemis at least once in a year.

The people visit the shrines and the halls in the Gumpas. They prostrate themselves before the status of Buddha saying ‘I take refuge in Buddha, Dharma and Sangha’. They burn lamps filled with butter and milk and circumambulate the Gumpa reciting the sacred mantra ’Om Mani Padma Hung ‘ meaning ‘O though jewel in the lotus ,O and supplicating pray give me the blessing of your body, speech and mind’.

Though every Gumpa Leh (Ladakh) district has its own annual wassail, the one celebrated in the Hemis Gumpa is the most well-known particularly to outsiders because it is the Gumpa Gala celebrated during summer when it is comparatively easy to reach that land of fantastic heights. This festival known as ‘Chheshu Mela ‘ is celebrated for two days comes usually towards the end of June or early July corresponding with the 20th day of the5th Buddhist month to commemorate the birthday of Padma Sambhava who was the founder of Lammaism and is believed to be lord Buddha’s incarnation . The festival is also held to exercise evil influences. An old world charm still dominates the scene in that wonderland of Lamas that fascinates all seekers of the extra-ordinary experience and fun. About three thousand people participate in this mela.

On the first day of the festival plays are staged at about 5 am Then an image of Drukpa Rimpochhey , great saint of red sect embroidered on a silk curtain measuring about 50 feet by 20 feet is suspended from the cornice of the Gumpas main gate. The Lamas pray and dance before it to the accompaniment of music.. At 9 am they assemble near the balcony of the Gumpa. After the head Lama has

104 taken his place, then other Lamas strike up the band. About 18 masked – lamas dance in the main compound for half an hour. They are joined by more Lamas who represent the deities. Attired is striking garments they also dance while the chief actor worships and dance around the effigy of a devil in human form called Deo in the masks called Turdak. This effigy is made of butter and maize flour. This last for few minutes and they are followed by other two Lamas. Fourteen masked actors join in the dance which continue for an hour and is followed by worship. The Deo’s effigy is then cut to pieces with swords. Acquire masked dance takes place in the compound and last about an hour. It marks the closing ceremony of the first day. The head Lama removes the curtain late in the evening. Next day a similar embroidered curtain with an image of Gial Sras is suspected. Gial Sras was the head Lama at one time and it was he who gave this Gumpa its present form. Worship and Dancing are also part of the ceremony on this day . At about 3 pm a Statue of God Giapo is worshipped by the Lamas and different kinds of offerings are made. Afterwards masked dancers dances in groups . A masked figure with a demos face , called HJasvang gyapo , is hailed with laughter by the whole party. At about 6 pm the great festival ends and the curtains is removed the same evening.

TSEMO GUMPAS:-

One of the royal monasteries, Tsemo Gumpa located near the place, is known for its two- storied statue of Chamba Buddha in a sitting posture.

The festival at this monastery begins on the 15th February and continue till the 20th February. For two days the Lamas of Mashro and Fiang monasteries worship and dance in the place belonging to the former Ladakhi rulers. This place is a little way from the monastery . In the afternoon of the 5th a procession is taken out . The raja ( so called ) heads this procession which stops at a place opposite to the grave yard.. Here too a wooden effigy is made which the Lamas call the Dosmochhey- Devil. About six funeral prayers are arranged in the cycle. The Lamas place various effigy on these pyers. They are then set on fire while dancing and prsyuers go on. The musicians play mournful tunes and as they finish a tune of ropes tied to a effigy is cut and with the second tune the second rope is cut and so on when the effigy falls people rush to snatch part of it as charms. There is a belief that if one of these is put in the granaries, it add to the wealth of the whole family. There is a horse racing in the bazar for three days after which the festival is over.

MASHRO GUMPA:-

Located at village Mashro, the festival at this Gumpa is held in the first week of March. At this festival two monks represent two Gods which are called Iha locally. The Lamas have to worship continuously for about thirty days before this festival. The other functions and devil dances are similar to

105 those held at fiang and trika Gumpas. The monks bless the public on the last day of the festival. This is the only monastery in Leh (Ladakh) district where children’s can be christened.

CHEMREY GUMPA:- The Gumpa is located at village Chemrey of Leh (Ladakh ) district The festival is held during the first week of November and corresponds to the 18th and 19th month of the Tibetan calendar. The festival is held alternately at Hemis and Chemrey village. It is the only Gumpa in Leh where the dance takes place during the night. ALCH GUMPA:

This Gumpa is only which is not situated on a hill top, but has been constructed on a low land in 11th century by the king of Tibet. He invited 35 Kashmiri artistes for painting the walls of this Gumpa . There are massive statues of Lord Buddha in different forms which are beautiful and attractive. The three main statues are Aulokesharan, Baradsatu and Manjushori.

LAMAYURU GUMPA:-

The Gumpa comes into light while entering into the Indus valley. This is the oldest monastery in Leh (Ladakh) district. There are some old and new paintings on the walls of Gumpa. It has main statue of Chambu and Kalimata. In the compound of the Gumpas there are good number of manikas (mini walls) on which are inscribed the sacred word’ Om Mani Padme Hung’. If one has to go round the Gumpa or mini wall, he has to start from the right.

LIKIR GUMPA:-

A few kilometres away from Alch , a scenic road passing through rocky mountains and the river, leads to a Gumpa which contains great deal of enormous clay statues of the Buddha in different forms. The exquisite murals and frescoes belong to the ninth century.

SHEY PALACES AND MONASTERIES:-

The monastery is located in the place which was the summer residence of the erstwhile rulers of Leh (Ladakh), surrounded by picturesque gardens located at village Shey about 10 Kms from Leh. Built in 1645 , the palace has the largest victory stupa., topped with pure gold. There is a spectacular double storied statue of Chamba or Maitriya Buddha in as sitting posture .Wrought of copper and brass , gilded with gold and silver and studded with precious gems., it leaves the senses breathless. The festival at this monastery is held in the last week of August. This is the harvest thanks giving. The villagers are

106 dressed in their best and they sing and dance. The festival is celebrated in the compound of the place. The Lamas do not take part in the festival. The local farmers offer the first ear of corn to a statue of Dorjey chhemmo which adorns the Gumpa.

Spituk Monastery:

This monastery is located about eight Kms from Leh situated on a hill top at village Spituk over looking the Indus. Just on the hill is a chamber with statues of Goddess Kali displayed only on the annual festival. This festival falls on the 16th and 17th of January .The lamas of this Gumpa celebrate the festival with prayers and afterwards tith masked dances which form part of religious ceremonies. The dances depict the overthrow of a devil beloved to be ill- disposed towards the monastery. On the last day of the festival, an effigy is made of flour. Then the lamas dance round it and thus the devil is destroyed. The dancing ends when the effigy falls and it is then taken out of the monastery and burnt, while the effigy burns the spectators feast and enjoy themselves.

Flag Monetary:

It is about 20 Kms from Leh . The monastery has a good number of statues and tanks which are of great interest. It belongs to the red-sect Buddhists. This festival is celebrated on the 15th and 16th February which corresponds to the 18th and 19th of the 1st month of the Tibetan year. The ceremonies of this Gumpa are similar to those held at Spituk and Trika Gumpas only the costumes and mask are different.

STAKNA MONASTERY:

Completely isolated, an unmetalled road, stretching away from the main road, leads to Stakna Monastery one of the oldest in Leh. The monastery consists of some beautiful old tankas from the 10th centaury . From top a splendid view of the Indus river, the mountain and the Tiksey monastery can be viewed.

THISEY MONESTARY:

19 Kms on way to Hemis, is this eight century old monetary. It has twelve stories and consists of 10temples, 60 residents Lamas and a nunnery. The cambers are full of statues , stupas, tankas, ancient swords and Tantric wall paintings. Also there is a gigantic pillar engraved with the Buddha’s teachings.

SANKAR MONASTERY:

107 The Gumpa is situated about 3kms away from Leh. There are good number of small golden statues and interesting paintings in the Gumpas.

LEH MONASTERY:

Soaring above the place on crags, the monastery dominated both the place and the town , showing the supremacy of the ‘Spiritual King’ . The monastery houses a solid golden statue of the Buddha, painted scroll, ancient manuscripts and wall paintings. LEH KHAR PALACE: Built in the mid-16th century by Sovang Nomgyal, the palace stands like a sentinel overlooking the town, Inside, there are old paintings depicting the life of the Budha. The small corridors have 100 years old Tankas or painted scrools, statues and other ornaments which convert it into Museum.

108 (IX) MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRICT:-

The key to the development of any place is the development of the basic infrastructure with special focus on certain delineated thrust area. The thrust area in the district are the development of an effective and efficient system of communication like roads, bridges, education, health services. Agriculture and optimum utilization of the energy potential poverty alleviation and income generation by way of developing agriculture and its allied activities particularly livestock development, tourism and handicrafts center. Leh (Ladakh) being the north-eastern part of Jammu and Kashmir touching borders of China and Pakistan. .Occupied Kashmir has landscapes of vast cold arid deserts interspersed by oasis of greenery marking the course of the Indus and its tributaries and the haughty grandeur of some of the most challenging Himalayan peaks. The people of the district have distinct cultural identity, socio-religious background and language. Leh attracts foreign tourists for its untamed beauty, charming seasons, picturesque setting of Gumpas and fascinating/ colorful culture. In Leh there are 3 tehsils viz, Leh, Nubra and Khasli ,9 C.D blocks ,93 Panchayats and 31Patwar Halqas. About 437.52 kms is blacked topped road, 149.65kms is Metaled road, 220.52 kms is Shingled road, 688.76 kms is fair weather road and 7kms is jeepable road. Two airports namely K.G.Bakula at Leh and Army airport at Thoise Nubra functions in the district. Leh airport connects the national capital of Delhi and state capital of Srinagar and Jammu. The only route accessible to Ladakh during the winter is air. There is 1 district hospital , 2 sub-district hospitals, 14 pre –primary centers, 3 Allopathic Dispensaries and 50 doctor. According to Assistant Labor Commissioner, Leh in 2007-08 there are 4504 shops, 787commercial establishments 1cinema halls and 727hotels and restaurants in Leh district. Leh district which provides employment to about persons. Similarly, there are 18 bank in Leh wherein the deposits in the above referred period are advances 1059588 i.e 18.09percentage and deposits are 5858051 Low literacy rate particularly among females indicate that there is a lot more to do. As of now there are educational institutions 347 including one degree collage and 39 higher Secondary schools there are 38 private and 3 central schools. The district institute of educational and training (DIET) has been also strengthened to fully cater to the needs of teaching staff. To overcome the communications problems due to hazardous road conditions which restrain parents to send their children’s to school., residential schools has also been put up at Leh. temisgam, skurbuchan , Hunder summer , Nobra and Nyoma. Under the tribal sub plan _ residential hostels have also been set up at Khaltse, Nyoma and Nobra. In the elementary education the ongoing schemes of providing incentives to children in the age group of 6-11 years, like uniform , scholarship teaching aids and mid-day meals have been extended.

109 Agriculture is the main stay of the people in the district, various schemes have been reoriented in the district to boost agricultural production. About 45110 sq kms . are under agriculture cultivation which are almost all Mino cropped. Double cropping is under taken in some parts of Khalste and Nobra blocks. In very limited scale. The cropping pattern of the people here consists of gram, wheat and lesser millets. Extensive vegetables cultivation has also been introduced in the district with encouraging results. Other commercially viable crops with a scope for development include mushroom, saffron and floriculture. While the cultivation of the first has been demonstrated successfully., the last two are proposed to be tired on experimental basis. Horticulture is playing a major role in supplementing the income to the farmers, hence assumed great importance in Leh district in recent years. The main productions are apricot and apple but in some parts of Khaltsi block other varieties ie Almond, Grapes etc. are also grown. The fruit produced are marketed in Leh town, other places and supplied to the defense forces stationed in the region through cooperative marketing societies. The common fruits grown here are apricots though apple, pear , walnut, grapes , almond and cherries are also grown successfully in some areas. The area under total cultivable land. for fruit cultivation is 1379 hectares out of which area under apricots cultivation is 740.00 hectare , 579.00 apple and 60.10 for others. Government has taken up various schemes for Horticulture development in the district i.e. brining more areas under horticulture cultivation.

Animal husbandry is a major activity in the district. The district is deficient in the animal by product such as milk, meats, eggs and butter. The scope for development of sheep and goats in the district is good for the season that harsh environmental conditions do not provide more scope for development in other fields than animal/sheep husbandry and allied sectors. In Leh town and its villages provision of potable drinking water in the rugged terrain and extreme low temperature is a big challenge and a stupendous task. The water is provided to the public through gravity system and with the use of water tankers. The supply is not sufficient but to meet the requirements , it is proposed to lift water from river Indus and to bore some wells above Gangles to lift portable water from sub terrain flow. The Handicraft department runs training centres in Thunka-Painting, clay moulding , Ladakh garments , papu shoes, namdas, felt baking silver filigree , crewel embroidery and carpet weaving . About _ persons have so far received the training in these crafts., most of whom have formed cooperative societies to earn their livelihood. Pashmina, maize shawl weavers and the Tibeten carpet weavers who are mostly women are provided various incentives and marketing facilities for their product. Handloom is a common household activity in the district since long. As the raw wool and pashmina is locally available viable occupations. At present there are demonstration center, the main function of these centres, apart from manufacturing pashmina and Marino shawls is tailoring and manufacturing of hosiery items.

110 The external health cover to all , the health departments has established a network of institutions in almost all villages of the district .Control against six diseases have been done. Maternity and child welfare , family welfare, health education and environmental sanitation are other areas of activity in the district. The department of Social welfare plays a vital role in the upliftment of the weaker, vulnerable and down trodden section of the society with the main objective of providing social security and welfare services. The social caste, economically weaker section, deserted women, physically handicapped is the target group. About 1382 students are being benefited by pre matric scholarship through an amount of 3.32 lacs rupees.

About 820 Benefices are being benefitted through. Integrated Social Security Schemes (Old Age Pension).275 families are being benefitted through Families Benefited under Housing Subsidy Scheme

Cooperative movement occupies an important place in the economic life of the people and its activities are diversified in many spheres. At present 68% of families in the rural areas are under cooperative shield. There are 99 cooperative societies in the district out of which 67 are primary agriculture credit societies these corporate societies provide membership to 1872 Persons. . The cooperative public distribution items control 75% of consumer business of essential commodities, 100% of fertilizer distribution and 75% of marketing on agriculture produce in the district.

Cooperatives played an important role in the procurement of surplus agriculture produce with the farmers and thereby sales them in the available market. Similarly the consumer cooperatives have played a useful role in holding the price line and in providing the basic necessities to the people at a reasonable price.

Ladakh region abounds with cold water , fisheries resource are high in the form of rivers, streams lakes etc. These resources can be utilized for providing quality fish proteins to common people of this high altitude area, besides local water resources offers suitable area for ‘Spot fisheries’

Ladakh autonomous hill Development Council, Leh was constituted in accordance with the Ladakh Autonomous hill Development Council , Act 1995. The council came up into being with the holding of election on August 28 1995. The inaugural meeting of the council was held on September 3, 1995. The democratic constitution of the council has heralded democratic decentralization of planning process with the involvement of people at the grass root level. Owing to the difficult geographical problems, the need for greater public participation in the planning and development process was all the more necessary.

111 The district Rural Development Authority started functioning in the year 12981-82 with the aim to alleviate poverty for the upliftment of the people living below poverty line in the district by providing subsidy/loan and other incentives.

HISTORICAL FIGURE OF THE DISTRICT

Kushak Baakula:-

Kushak Bakula is a prominent figure of the district. He is born at Mathoo on May 21, 1917 and educated at Geshes, Lhasa. He is revered Buddhist spiritual leader, parliamentarian, former minister and diplomat. He is among the few surviving members of the State Constituent Assembly from 1951-1957. He was a member of Legislative Assembly of the J&K State from 1957-1967. And also minister from 1957- 1967. He was also a member of parliament of congress party from 1967-1977. He was also a member of National Minorities Commission. He served the country when posted Indian Commissioner to Mongolia from January 1990 to February 2000.

As a high Commissioner he revered distinguished services in promoting Indo-Mogolian relations and also religious and cultural ties between the two nations. Due to his creditable services he was given a prestigious award of ‘Padam Bushan’ in 1987. He is also a head priest of Spituk Gumpa in Leh.

112 (X) SCOPE OF VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY

Village Directory:

The “Village Directory” is one of the traditional compilations of the Census. It gives the list of villages, their location numbers, their area, population, number of households, amenities such as educational, medical, drinking water, post and telegraph, commercial and co-operative banks, agricultural non-agricultural and other credit societies, recreational and cultural facilities, communication, approach to village, nearest town with a distance, power supply availability of newspaper and magazines, most important commodity manufactured and land use of each village.

Village is a statutory recognized unit having a definite boundary and separate land records. In case, a complete village is treated as an outgrowth of urban agglomeration, data on amenities for that village have not been given in the Village Directory but shown along with the urban component. The villages which are considered as a Census Town, the amenities data are shown in the Town Directory. For those villages which have partly merged in an outgrowth of U.A., the amenities data are shown in the Village Directory for that particular village.

Town Directory :

The Town Directory is presented for each town covering different aspects of urban life. Like 2001 census, in the present census also there are seven Statements included in the District Census Handbook for presentation of data. The seventh Statement relates to slums which was numbered as IV- A in 2001 Census. Statements I to VI contain data about growth, density, sex ratio, physical aspects of towns, communications, municipal finances, civic, medical, educational and other amenities and trade, commerce, Industry, Banking facilities etc. Hence the data for the towns have been presented in these six Statements. Similarly the seventh Statement presents the data for slums.

Statement I shows status and growth history of the towns of the District. Column 2 in this Statement indicates class, name and civic administration status of a town (as in 2010). Class of the town indicated under this column has been introduced to facilitate the analysis of town directory data at the State/U.T. and at the national level. Column 6 presents area in Sq. kms., while Column 7 presents number of households including houseless households. Columns 8 to 21 give population

113 and growth rate of towns since 1901. Column 22 presents density and Columns 23 to 25 present sex-ratio.

Statement II shows physical aspects and location of each town as in 2009. Column 2 shows the name and Civic Status of Town. Columns 3 to 5 show the rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature. Columns 6 to 12 show the name and distance of State HQ, district HQ, Tehsil HQ, nearest city with a population of one lakh and more, nearest city with a population of five lakh and more, Railway Station, Bus facility etc. , from town.

Statement III provides information for civic and other amenities available to the Town. The Columns 3 6 to 19 present data regarding road length, system of drainage, number of latrines, sewerage, method of disposal of night soil, protected water supply, fire fighting service, electric connections for domestic, industrial and commercial as well as road lighting (points) and others amenities.

Statement IV gives information regarding medical facilities available in the towns. The columns 3 to 12 give the information on number of facilities available for hospital (allopathic and others) Dispensaries/Health Centre, Family Welfare Centre, Maternity and Child Welfare Centre, Maternity homes, T.B hospitals/Clinic, Nursing homes, Veterinary hospitals, Mobile Health Clinic and others with the number of beds available in brackets. Charitable hospital/Nursing homes and Medicine shops available in the town are shown in column no. 13 and 14.

Statement V gives information regarding educational, recreational and cultural facilities available in the town. The columns 2-13 indicates the number of educational facilities available in towns viz., Primary, Middle, Secondary, Senior Secondary, Colleges (Arts, Science, Commerce of degree level and above), Engineering colleges, Management Institute/colleges, Polytechnics and other institutes. This Statement also shows, number of special schools for disabled, working women’s hostels, old age homes, stadium, recreational and cultural facilities available in the town under Columns 15 to 23.

Statement VI presents information in respect of industry and banking services in the town. Columns 3 to 5 indicate three most important commodities exported and manufactured in the

114 Town. Information on number of banks (Natinalised, Private and Co-operative banks) available in the town has been presented under column 6-8 whereas Columns 9 and 10 show the number of agricultural and non-agricultural credit societies in the town.

Statement VII shows the civic amenities available to all the towns having slums falling in the jurisdiction of district as per 2009.

115 116

BRIEF NOTE ON VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY

Village Directory: The Village Directory is one of the traditional compilations of the census. The format of village directory has been restructured during 2011 under different sections with additional lines and columns in the sheets for information. The way it has been designed has brought out accuracy in digitizing the data for compilation. It gives the information under different sections like Description and Location Particulars, Educational Facilities, Medical Facilities, Water and Sanitation, Communication and Transport Facilities, Bank, Credit & Other Miscellaneous Facilities, Electricity & Other Power/Fuel Availability, Land Utilisation & Irrigation and Main Commodities Manufactured. This information has been made available in as appendices in the village directory.

Village directory is prepared separately for each village and data collected is digitized thereafter for compilation and generation of tables and appendices. Village is a statutory recognized unit having a definite boundary and separate land records. During Census 2011 villages which are considered as Census Towns data for these have been included in the town directory and villages which have been considered as Outgrowths data for these have been accounted in urban agglomeration as considered the part of it.

Town Directory: Data for each town is also prepared and processed like the village directory. Data has been processed after compilation of inputs received from all the towns (Statutory and Census Towns) of the district. There were seven statements in the town directory schedule and the statements under the same headings have been generated and tabulated. Statement 1 to 6 pertains to all the towns. Seventh statement is on the availability of civic and other amenities in the slum.

The complete village and town directory cover the Census and Non-Census data for all the rural and urban units of the district.

118 SECTION I – VILLAGE DIRECTORY

Brief Note on Village Directory

The Village Directory is being compiled for both inhabited and un-inhabited villages. In the village directory both private and government facilities/institutions have been given. In case of un- inhabited / depopulated villages, the location code number, name and area of the village is being given universally in Village Directory and Village PCA. The columns relating to the amenities and land use pattern, etc. being left blank and it will be noted against the name of the village that it is un-inhabited/depopulated. The Appendices to Village Directory and Inset Tables based on Village Directory are also prepared for inhabited villages.

In the Village Directory format for 2011 Census there are 121 columns and the details thereon are as follows:

Column 1 : Serial Number:- All the villages within the CD block are presented serially in the ascending order of their location code number.

Column 2 : Name of Village:- The name of the villages are shown against this column. This also includes the forest and uninhabited villages.

Column 3 : Location Code Number of Village:- The location code number of the villages are shown against this column.

Column 4 : Area of the Village:- The area of the villages has been given in hectares.

Column 5 : Total Population:- The total population of the village as per 2011 Census has been given against this column.

Column 6 : Number of Households:- The number of households as per 2011 Census have been given in this column.

119 Amenities:- The availability of different infrastructural amenities such as education, medical, drinking water, post, telegraph, banks, credit societies, recreation and cultural facilities, communication, power, etc. in each village have been given in the Village Directory. Wherever the amenities are not available in the village, the distance range code viz; ‘a’ for <5 Kms, ‘b’ for 5-10 Kms and ‘c’ for 10+ Kms of the nearest where facility is available is given. Column wise details are given below:

Column No. 7 to 20 - Educational Facilities:- All the different educational facilities available in the village have been given under these columns. Nursery/LKG/UKG classes are included in Pre- Primary Schools, Classes up to class V included in Primary School; Classes from VI to VIII are included in the Middle School. Classes from IX to X are included in Secondary School. Classes from XI to XII are included in Senior Secondary School. In case of composite schools like middle school with primary school or secondary school with middle school, these are also included in the number of primary and middle schools, respectively. The information on the entire educational institutes is given under these columns.

Column 21 to 38 - Medical Facilities:- All the different medical facilities available in the village have been given under these columns.

Column No. 36 to 46 - Drinking Water:- The information on availability of various types of the drinking water facility within the village has been given under these columns.

Column No. 47 to 50 - Availability of Toilet and others:- The information on availability of toilet and Bio-Gas etc. available in the village has been given under these columns.

Column No. 51 to 67 - Communication (Post & Telegraph and Transport):- The information on communication and Post Office, Sub-Post Office, Telegraph Office, Village Pin Code number, Phone-Landlines, Mobile Phone, Private Couries Facility, Internet Café, etc; available in the village has been given under these columns. The information on all various transport facilities whether public/private transport like Bus, Railway Station, or Navigable waterways, Taxi, Van, Tractors etc. available in the village has also been given under these columns.

120 Column No. 68 to 79 - Village connected to Highways, Village Roads, Banks and Credit Socities:- The information on all roads connected to village has been given under these columns. These include National Highway, State Highway, District Roads and other district roads connected to the village, Pucca Roads, Kutchcha Roads, Water Bounded Macadam Roads, Navigable Water Ways and Foot Paths has been given under these columns. Further, the information on availability of banks, ATM and Agricultural Credit Societies in the village has been given under these columns.

Column No. 80 to 96 - Miscellaneous Facilities:- The information on various miscellaneous facilities available in the village has been given under these columns. These includes Self-Help Group, Public Distribution Shops (PDS), Mandi/Regular Market, Weekly Haat, Agricultural Haat, Agricultural Marketing Society, Nutrition Centre (ICDS), Anganwadi Centre, ASHA, Community Centre, Sports Fields, Sports Club/Recreation Club, Cinema/Video Halls, Public Library, Public Reading Room, News Paper Supply, Assembly Polling Station, Birth and Death Registration Office.

Column No. 97 to 100 - Electricity:- Availability of Power Supply in the village, whatever may be the form of its use has been given in these columns. These include Electricity for Domestic Use, Electricity for Agriculture Use, Electricity for Commercial Use, and Electricity for all purpose Domestic Uses.

Column No. 101 to 102 - Nearest Town:- The name of the nearest town along with the distance range code has been in these columns.

Land Use and Irrigation:- The land use pattern in the Village Directory conform to the classification of land use as recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The Ministry has recommended the maintenance of records of land use pattern under the following 9 categories.

(i) Column No. 103 - Forests:- This includes all lands classed as forest under any legal enactment dealing with forests or administered as forests, whether state-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land. The area of crops raised in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for grazing within the forests remain included under the forest area.

121

(ii) Column No. 104 - Area under non-agricultural use:- This includes all lands occupied by buildings, roads and railways or under water, e.g. rivers and canals and other lands put to uses other than agriculture.

(iii) Column No. 105 - Barren and un-culturable land:- This includes all barren and unculturable land like mountains, deserts, etc. land which cannot be brought under cultivation except at an exorbitant cost should be classed as unculturable whether such land is in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings.

(iv) Column No. 106 - Permanent Pastures and Grazing Lands:- This includes all grazing lands whether they are permanent pastures and meadows or not. Village common grazing land is included under this head.

(v) Column No. 107 - Land under Miscellaneous Tree Crops, etc.:- This includes all cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net area sown’ but is put to some agricultural uses. Lands under Causing trees, thatching grasses, bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel, etc. which are not included under ‘Orchards’ are classed under this category.

(vi) Column No. 108 - Culturable Waste Land:- This includes lands available for cultivation, whether not taken up for cultivation or taken up for cultivation once but not cultivated during the current year and the last five years or more in succession for one reason or other. Such lands may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles which are not put to any use. They may be assessed or unassessed and may lie in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings. Land once cultivated but not cultivated for five years in succession is also included in this category at the end of the five years.

(vii) Column No. 109 - Fallow Lands other than Current Fallows:- This includes all lands which were taken up for cultivation but are temporarily out of cultivation fo a period of not less than one year and not more than five years.

122 (viii) Column No. 110 - Current Fallows:- This represents cropped area, which is kept fallow during current year. For example, if any seeding area is not cropped against the same year it may be treated as current fallow.

(ix) Column No. 111 - Net Area Sown:- This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once; in the same year is counted only once.

(x) Column No. 112 - Total irrigated Land Area:- It includes all land which is cultivable and irrigated by any source of irrigation. The total irrigated area of the village has been given under this column.

(xi) Column No. 113 - Total Un-irrigated Land Area:- Un-irrigated land area includes all land which is cultivable but not irrigated by any source of irrigation. The total un-irrigated land area of the village has been given under this column.

(ix) Column No. 114 - 118 Area irrigated by source:- The area irrigated by various source of irrigation in the village have been given under these columns. The different source of irrigation facilities available in the village are as follows:

(a) Canals (C) - Govt. or Pvt., (b) Wells/Tube-wells (W/TW), (c) Tanks/Lake (T/L), (d) Waterfall (W/F), and (e) Others (O).

Column No. 119 - 121 Three most important commodities manufactured:- The names of three most important commodities manufactured in the village are indicated in this column.

C.D. Block level totals of the Village Directory:-

At the end of entries for the Village Directory of each C.D. Block, the totals of different columns are being given wherever possible. However, in case of some of the columns, it may not be possible to work out the CD Block level totals, in such cases the particular of relevant columns are being left blank against C.D. Block level.

123 Appendices to Village Directory:- The Village Directory also includes the following appendices:

Appendix - I : Summary showing total number of villages having Educational, Medical and other amenities in villages - C.D. Block level. Appendix - I A : Villages by number of Primary Schools. Appendix - I B : Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools. Appendix - I C : Villages with different source of drinking of water facilities available. Appendix - II : Villages with 5,000 and above population which do not have one or more amenities available. Appendix - III : Land utilization data in respect of Census Towns. Appendix – IV : C.D. Block wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity other than drinking water facility is available. Appendix – V : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Caste population. Appendix - VI : Summary showing number of Villages not having Scheduled Tribe population. Appendix - VII A : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Castes to the total population by ranges. Appendix - VII B : List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled Tribes to the total population by ranges. Appendix - VIII : Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat (C.D. block wise).

124 (a) (i) List Of Villages Merged In Towns And Outgrowths at Census 2011

List of villages fully merged in towns at Cenus 2011 Sl. Name of the Name of village Code No 2001 Remarks No. Tehsil 1 2 3 4 5 1 Leh Spituk 00289400 Chuglamsar 00290300

(a) (ii) List of Villages as Outgrowths in Census 2011

II) List of villages as Out Growths in Census 2011 Sl. No. Name of the Village 1 2

Nil

125

C.D. BLOCK LEH

126 (b) ( i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Leh Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Bazgoo 01030010004 00288900 2 Chiling Sumda 01030010017 00291600 3 Fiang 01030010008 00289300 4 Manser 01030010058 00295800 5 Ney 01030010002 00288600 6 Nimo 01030010005 00289000 7 Phey 01030010007 00289200 8 Rumbak 01030010014 00290400 9 Saboo 01030010009 00289500 10 Skiumarkha 01030010018 00291700 11 Taroo 01030010006 00289100 12 Umla 01030010003 00288700

127 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Leh Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 1 Ney 000849 310 560 103121cccccccccc 2 2 Umla 000850 29.1 99 21baccccccccccc 2 3 Bazgoo 000851 340.3 950 1721121c c c c c c c c c 2 4 Nimo 000852 270.3 1134 193 1 2 1 1c c c c c c c c c 2 5 Taroo 000853 102.8 442 71111ccc c c c c c c c 2 6 Phey 000854 113.7 331 5711cccc c c c c c c c 2 7 Fiang 000855 550 2036 3521411cc c c c c c c c 2 8 Saboo 000856 347.2 1233 259 1 1 1b b b c c c c c c c 2 9 Rumbak 000861 195.5 248 3613cccc c c c c c c c 2 10 Chiling Sumda 000864 203.6 223 3114cccc c c c c c c c 2 11 Skiumarkha 000865 413.6 328 43141ccc c c c c c c c 2 12 Manser 000905 0 0 0 Block T O T A L : 2876.1 7584 13381023 8 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 022

128 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0020 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c b 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Yes No Yes Yes No No No No Ney c c 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes No No No Umla c 1 a c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Bazgoo c a 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoNimo c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Taroo c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Phey c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesNo No No Fiang c b 1b b b b b 1c b 1 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Saboo c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Rumbak c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No No No No Chiling Sumda c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Skiumarkha Manser 011000000400100030010 0 9 1 4 1 0 0

129 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Leh Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 1 Ney No No No No Yes Yes c 194402 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 2 Umla NoNoNoNoc c c 194101c c c c c Yesc c Yesc Yesc 3 Bazgoo No No No No Yes Yes c 194402 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 4 Nimo No No No No Yes Yes c 194402 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 5 Taroo No No No No c c c 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 6 Phey No No No No c Yes b 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 7 Fiang No No No No c Yes c 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 8 Saboo No No No No Yes c 194104 Yes b Yes b b Yes c c Yes c Yes c 9 Rumbak NoNoNoNoc Yesb 194101c c c c c c c c c c c c 10 Chiling Sumda NoNoNoNoc Yesb 194101 c c b b Yesc c c c c c 11 Skiumarkha NoNoNoNoc c c 194101 c c c c Yesc c c b b b 12 Manser Block T O T A L : 0000470 1170700100080700

130 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0020 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Ney Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Umla Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Bazgoo Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Nimo Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Taroo Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c b c Yes c c c Phey Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Fiang b b b Yes Yes Yes Yes b b b Yes Yes b b b Yes c b Yes b b b Saboo a c b Yes c Yes Yesc c c YesYesc c c c c c a c c c Rumbak Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Chiling Sumda b b a Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Skiumarkha Manser 88 811 911 0 0111109100006 5 010 0 0 0

131 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Leh Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 1 Ney c c c c b Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 167.9 0 0 2 Umla c c c c b c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 9.3 0 0 3 Bazgoo c c c c c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 116.1 0 0 4 Nimo c c c c c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 83.3 0 0 5 Taroo c c c c c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 17.8 0 0 6 Phey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 41.7 0 0 7 Fiang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 188.6 0 0 8 Saboo c b b b Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH b 0 114.9 0 0 9 Rumbak c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 108.5 0 0 10 Chiling Sumda c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 89.9 0 0 11 Skiumarkha c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 301.9 0 0 12 Manser LEH c 0 0 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 6 211 0 011 0 0 0 1239.9 0 0

132 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0020 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 36.4 0 0 105.7 101.6 4.1 101.6 0 0 0 0 Ney 1 0 7.3 0 0 12.5 12.1 0.4 12.1 0 0 0 0 Umla 2 0 78.5 0 0 145.7 136.4 9.3 136.4 0 0 0 0 Bazgoo 3 0 34.8 0 0 152.2 144.9 7.3 144.9 0 0 0 0 Nimo 4 0 22.3 0 0 62.7 60.3 2.4 60.3 0 0 0 0 Taroo 5 0 30.3 0 0 41.7 40.9 0.8 40.9 0 0 0 0 Phey 6 0 138.8 0 0 222.6 213.3 9.3 213.3 0 0 0 0 Fiang 7 0 95.5 0 0 136.8 133.1 3.7 133.1 0 0 0 0 Saboo 8 0 46.9 0 0 40.1 38.5 1.6 38.5 0 0 0 0 Rumbak 9 0 80.1 0 0 33.6 26.3 7.3 26.3 0 0 0 0 Chiling Sumda 10 0 48.2 0 0 63.5 61.1 2.4 61.1 0 0 0 0 Skiumarkha 11 0 000 0 0 0 00000 Manser 12 0 619.1 0 0 1017.1 968.5 48.6 968.5 0 0 0

133

C.D. BLOCK NYMO

134 (c) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Nymo Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Anlay 01030010056 00295600 2 Chumathang 01030010053 00295300 3 Demjok 01030010059 00295900 4 Himya 01030010040 00294000 5 Kargyam 01030010060 00293000 6 Karzok 01030010052 00295200 7 Kerey 01030010049 00294900 8 Kharnak 01030010048 00294800 9 Koyul 01030010057 00295700 10 Kumgyam 01030010038 00293800 11 Liktse 01030010036 00293600 12 Mood 01030010055 00295500 13 Nyoma 01030010054 00295400 14 Samad Rakchan 01030010051 00295100 15 Skitmang 01030010050 00295000 16 Tarchit 01030010041 00294100 17 Teri 01030010039 00293900 18 Tukla 01030010037 00293700

135 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nyoma Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 13 Liktse 000883 37.6 152 281111ccccccccc 2 14 Tukla 000884 64.4 266 5412aaccccccccc 2 15 Kumgyam 000885 179.3 374 6812bbcc c c c c c c c 2 16 Teri 000886 21.5 202 3112ccccccccccc 2 17 Himya 000887 60.3 265 52121cccccccccc 2 18 Tarchit 000888 75.7 167 3212bcccccccccc 2 19 Kharnak 000895 27.5 194 351cccccccccccc 2 20 Kerey 000896 52.2 290 60131cccccccccc 2 21 Skitmang 000897 55 189 3711bcccccccccc 2 22 Samad Rakchan 000898 12.6 361 7111ccccccccccc 2 23 Karzok 000899 58.3 1291 253121c c c c c c a c c c 2 24 Chumathang 000900 75.7 641 1271211cc c c c c c c c 2 25 Nyoma 000901 153.4 918 20212111c c c c c c c c 2 26 Mood 000902 76.9 675 127121bbc c c c c c c c 2 27 Anlay 000903 222.2 1879 371 1 5 1c c c c c c c c c c 2 28 Koyul 000904 193 493 115111cccccccccc 2 29 Demjok 000906 32.8 78 31baccccccccccc 2 Block T O T A L : 1398.4 8435 16941630 9 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 034

136 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0021 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 1b c c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Liktse c c 1 c c c c 1 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Tukla c b 1 c c c c 1 c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Kumgyam c c 1 c c c c 1 c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes No Teri c 1 c c c c c 1 c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Himya c c c c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesYesNo No Tarchit c c c c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 1 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesNo No Kharnak 1 c c c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Kerey c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesYesYesNo Skitmang c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesYesNo No Samad Rakchan c b 1 c c c c 1 c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes No Yes No Karzok c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesYesNo Chumathang c 1 1 1 c c c 1 c 1 c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Nyoma c b 1 b c c c 1 c b c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Mood c c 1c c c c 2c c c 0 0 0 1 0 0 0No No No No YesYesNo No Anlay c c c 1c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No No YesYesNo No Koyul c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Demjok 2210200015310000220014 0 9 01514 5 0

137 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nyoma Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 13 Liktse No No No No c c c Yes Yes b b Yes c c b c c c 14 Tukla No No No No c c c Yesc a c c Yesc c c c c c 15 Kumgyam NoNoNoNoYesc c 194201c Yesc b b Yesc c b c c c 16 Teri No No No No c c c c Yesc b b Yesc c b c c c 17 Himya NoNoNoNoYesc c 194201c Yesb c c Yesc c c c c c 18 Tarchit No No No No c c b c c c c Yesc c Yesc c c 19 Kharnak NoNoNoNoc c c 194102c b c b b Yesc c Yesc Yesc 20 Kerey NoNoNoNoYesc b 194102c b c b b b c c b c b c 21 Skitmang No No No No c c b c Yesb c c Yesc c b c c c 22 Samad Rakchan No No No No c c c c Yesb b b Yesc c b b b b 23 Karzok No No No No c c c Yesc c Yesb c c c c c c 24 Chumathang NoNoNoNoc c c 194201c YesYesc c Yesc c c c c c 25 Nyoma No No No No c Yes Yes 194102 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c b c c c 26 Mood No No No No c b c b Yesb c c Yesc c b c b c 27 Anlay No No No No c c c Yesc c c c Yesc c b c c c 28 Koyul No No No No c c b Yesc c c c c c c c bbb 29 Demjok No No No No c c c cccccccccccc Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 6 4 10301130020100

138 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0021 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Liktse c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Tukla c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Kumgyam c c Yes Yes b Yes Yes b c c Yes c c c c Yes b c b c c c Teri b c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Himya b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yesc c c b c c c c c Yesc c c c c Tarchit b b Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Kharnak b b b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c b c c c c Yes Yes c c c c c Kerey c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Skitmang c c c Yes c Yes Yesc c c Yesc c c c Yesb c Yesc c c Samad Rakchan c c c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes b c Yes c c c Karzok c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yesc c c Yesb c c c YesYesc Yesc c c Chumathang c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Nyoma c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes b c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Mood c c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Anlay bc c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c c c Koyul c b c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Demjok 0 011171017 0 017 2 0 014 6 0 0 014 9 013 0 0 0

139 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nyoma Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 13 Liktse c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 5.2 0 0 14 Tukla c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 19.9 0 0 15 Kumgyam c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 126.7 0 0 16 Teri c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 4.5 0 0 17 Himya c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 19.8 0 0 18 Tarchit c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 32 0 0 19 Kharnak c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 3.2 0 0 20 Kerey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 12.6 0 0 21 Skitmang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 23.1 0 0 22 Samad Rakchan c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 2 0 0 23 Karzok c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 11.4 0 0 24 Chumathang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 27.5 0 0 25 Nyoma c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 84.2 0 0 26 Mood c c c c Yes b Yes No No Yes LEH b 0 19 0 0 27 Anlay c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 54.7 0 0 28 Koyul c c c c a c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 160.6 0 0 29 Demjok c c c c c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 21.4 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 015 217 0 017 0 0 0 627.8 0 0

140 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0021 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 10.5 0 0 21.9 21.9 0 21.9 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Liktse 13 0 10.5 0 0 34 32.8 1.2 32.8 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Tukla 14 0 12.2 0 0 40.4 36.8 3.6 36.8 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Kumgyam 15 0 1.6 0 0 15.4 15.4 0 15.4 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Teri 16 0 12.6 0 0 27.9 25.9 2 25.9 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Himya 17 0 11.7 0 0 32 30 2 30 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Tarchit 18 0 10.9 0 0 13.4 9.3 4.1 9.3 0 0 0 0 Kharnak 19 0 9.7 0 0 29.9 28.7 1.2 28.7 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Kerey 20 0 9.2 0 0 22.7 17.8 4.9 17.8 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Skitmang 21 0 4.5 0 0 6.1 2 4.1 2 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Samad Rakchan 22 0 25.9 0 0 21 20.6 0.4 20.6 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Karzok 23 0 8.5 0 0 39.7 38.5 1.2 38.5 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Chumathang 24 0 26.3 0 0 42.9 42.1 0.8 42.1 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Nyoma 25 0 9.8 0 0 48.1 46.9 1.2 46.9 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Mood 26 0 51.8 0 0 115.7 104.8 10.9 104.8 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Anlay 27 0 4.1 0 0 28.3 27.9 0.4 27.9 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Koyul 28 0 6.1 0 0 5.3 1.2 4.1 1.2 0 0 0 0 Demjok 29 0 225.9 0 0 544.7 502.6 42.1 502.6 0 0 0

141

C.D. BLOCK CHUCHAT

142 (d) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Chuchat Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Chuchat Yakma 01030010016 00290600 2 Chuchoot Gongma 01030010020 00291900 3 Chuchot Shama 01030010019 00291800 4 Mathoo 01030010021 00292000 5 Nang 01030010010 00289900 6 Rambir Por 01030010013 00290200 7 Shey 01030010011 00290000 8 Stakna 01030010032 00293200 9 Stok 01030010015 00290500 10 Thiksey 01030010012 00290100

143 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Chuchat Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 30 Nang 000857 125.9 334 741 1bccccccccc 2 31 Shey 000858 647.1 2238 398 1 1 1 3c c c c c c c c c 2 32 Thiksey 000859 646.3 2237 433 1 4 1 1c c c c c c c c c 2 33 Rambir Por 000860 212.5 594 122111c c c c c c c c c c 2 34 Stok 000862 584 1471 30012c 2cc c c c c c c b 2 35 Chuchat Yakma 000863 471.1 2162 428 1 3 1 1c c c c c c c c 1 2 36 Chuchot Shama 000866 488.1 1567 296 1 4 3c 1c c c c c c c a 2 37 Chuchoot Gongma 000867 729.7 1836 368 1 1 1 1c c c c c c c c b 2 38 Mathoo 000868 811.4 1165 279 1 1b 1c c c c c 1c c 1 2 39 Stakna 000879 295.4 355 8812bbcc c c c c c c c 2 Block T O T A L : 5011.5 13959 27861019 9 9 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 220

144 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0022 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c c 1c b b b c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesNo No No Nang c 1 1c c c b c 1c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Shey c 1 1c c c c c 1 1b 0 0 0 0 3 1 0YesNo YesNo YesNo No No Thiksey c a 1c c c c c a c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Rambir Por c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Stok c 1 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No No No No Chuchat Yakma c 1c c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Chuchot Shama c b 1 c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Chuchoot Gongma c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesNo No No Mathoo c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Stakna 04900000610000041010 010 0 3 4 0 0

145 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Chuchat Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 30 Nang No No No No c Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 31 Shey No No No No c a c 194201 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 32 Thiksey No No No No Yes Yes Yes 194201 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes b b b 33 Rambir Por No No No No c c b 194201 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 34 Stok No No No No Yes Yes c 194101 Yes b Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 35 Chuchat Yakma No No No No Yes Yes c 194101 Yes b Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 36 Chuchot Shama No No No No Yes Yes c 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c c c c c 37 Chuchoot Gongma No No No No Yes Yes c 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 38 Mathoo No No No No Yes Yes c 194101 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 39 Stakna No No No No c Yes c 194201 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c Block T O T A L : 0000681 9911011100090000

146 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0022 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c b c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Nang Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Shey Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Thiksey Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c b c c c Rambir Por b b b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Stok a a a Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Chuchat Yakma b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Chuchot Shama Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Chuchoot Gongma c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Mathoo b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yesb c c b Yesc c c c Yesc Yesc c c Stakna 45 810 810 0 0101019100002 9 0 9 0 0 0

147 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Chuchat Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 30 Nang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 47 0 0 31 Shey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 214.5 0 0 32 Thiksey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 238.3 0 0 33 Rambir Por c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 73.7 0 0 34 Stok c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 174 0 0 35 Chuchat Yakma c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 221 0 0 36 Chuchot Shama c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 254.6 0 0 37 Chuchoot Gongma c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 385.7 0 0 38 Mathoo c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 327 0 0 39 Stakna c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 125.4 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 010 110 0 010 0 0 0 2061.2 0 0

148 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0022 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 22.7 0 0 56.2 53.4 2.8 53.4 0 0 0 0 Nang 30 0 233.1 0 0 199.5 177.3 22.2 177.3 0 0 0 0 Shey 31 0 80.9 0 0 327.1 297.5 29.6 297.5 0 0 0 0 Thiksey 32 0 54.2 0 0 84.6 78.5 6.1 78.5 0 0 0 0 Rambir Por 33 0 16.6 0 0 393.4 328.2 65.2 328.2 0 0 0 0 Stok 34 0 18.6 0 0 231.5 208.4 23.1 208.4 0 0 0 0 Chuchat Yakma 35 0 18.2 0 0 215.3 195.9 19.4 195.9 0 0 0 0 Chuchot Shama 36 0 19.8 0 0 324.2 282.5 41.7 282.5 0 0 0 0 Chuchoot Gongma 37 0 81.8 0 0 402.6 374.7 27.9 374.7 0 0 0 0 Mathoo 38 0 56.3 0 0 113.7 98.7 15 98.7 0 0 0 0 Stakna 39 0 602.2 0 0 2348.1 2095.1 253 2095.1 0 0 0

149

C.D. BLOCK KHARU

150

(e) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Kharu Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Changa 01030010033 00293300 2 Chemrey 01030010024 00292300 3 Gia 01030010047 00294700 4 Hamis 01030010045 00294500 5 Igoo 01030010034 00293400 6 Kharoo 01030010022 00292100 7 Langokor 01030010023 00292200 8 Matselang 01030010046 00294600 9 Meroo 01030010042 00294200 10 Phuktse 01030010030 00292900 11 Sakti 01030010025 00292400 12 Shang 01030010044 00294400 13 Shara 01030010031 00293100 14 Sharnose 01030010035 00293500 15 Upshi 01030010043 00294300

151 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Kharu Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 40 Kharoo 000869 63.9 167 4211bcccccccccc 2 41 Langokor 000870 18.2 87 16bbaaccccccccc 2 42 Chemrey 000871 454.1 6222 353 3 3 1b c c c c c c c c c 2 43 Sakti 000872 679.1 1718 370 1 4 4 1 1c c c c c c c c 2 44 Phuktse 000877 119 316 60111bccccccccc 2 45 Shara 000878 115.7 290 571311cc c c c c c c c 2 46 Changa 000880 121 243 5811abccccccccc 2 47 Igoo 000881 677 1103 2381121cc c c c c c c c 2 48 Sharnose 000882 114.5 299 6111aacc c c c c c c c 2 49 Meroo 000889 114.1 188 3411cccc c c c c c c c 2 50 Upshi 000890 66.4 128 2611ccccccccccc 2 51 Shang 000891 192.2 230 51131ccc c c c c c c c 2 52 Hamis 000892 54.2 313 2412acccccccccc 2 53 Matselang 000893 179.7 381 69111bcc c c c c c c c 2 54 Gia 000894 289.8 658 1401211c c c c c c c c c 2 Block T O T A L : 3258.9 12343 1599162512 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30

152 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0023 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c c 1 c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Kharoo c c b c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No No No YesNo No Langokor c b 1 b c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Chemrey c 1 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0No No YesNo YesYesNo No Sakti c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No YesNo YesYesNo No Phuktse c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No YesNo YesYesNo No Shara c c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Changa c c 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Igoo c c a c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Sharnose c c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 No No Yes No Yes Yes No No Meroo c c c c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Upshi c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 2 0 0 0No No YesNo YesYesNo No Shang c c 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Hamis c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No YesNo No YesNo No Matselang c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesNo No Gia 0111000016000002300 6 014 01213 0 0

153 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Kharu Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 40 Kharoo No No No No c Yes c 194201 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 41 Langokor NoNoNoNob c b 194201c c b c c Yesc c c c c c 42 Chemrey No No No No Yes c c Yes b Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 43 Sakti No No No No Yes c 194201 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c c c 44 Phuktse NoNoNoNob c c 194201c c b c c Yesc c c c c c 45 Shara NoNoNoNoYesc b 194201c c Yesc c Yesc c c c c c 46 Changa No No No No c Yes c 194201 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c b c 47 Igoo NoNoNoNoYesc c 194201c c Yesc c Yesc c c c c c 48 Sharnose NoNoNoNoa c c 194201c c Yesc c Yesc c c c c c 49 Meroo NoNoNoNoc c c 194102c c c c c Yesc c Yesc Yesc 50 Upshi No No No No c c c 194102 a c Yes c c Yes c Yes Yes c Yes c 51 Shang NoNoNoNoc c c 194102b c b c c Yesc c Yesc c c 52 Hamis No No No No Yes c c 194102 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c c c c c 53 Matselang No No No No c c c 194102 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 54 Gia No No No No Yes c b 194102 c c c c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c Block T O T A L : 0000620 14611000150190400

154 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0023 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Kharoo c c c Yes c Yes Yesc c c Yesc c c c b b c b c c c Langokor Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Chemrey b b Yes Yes c Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Sakti c c c Yes b Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Phuktse c c c Yes b Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Shara b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yesc c c b Yesc c c Yesc c Yesc c c Changa Yes Yes Yes Yes a Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Igoo c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c Sharnose Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Meroo Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Upshi b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Shang a a Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Hamis a a Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Matselang Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Gia 6 7 1215 915 0 015 1 0 01311 0 0 0 510 014 0 0 0

155 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Kharu Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 40 Kharoo c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 18.2 0 0 41 Langokor c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 7.3 0 0 42 Chemrey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 163.9 0 0 43 Sakti c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 323.3 0 0 44 Phuktse c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 57 0 0 45 Shara c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 25.9 0 0 46 Changa c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 53.8 0 0 47 Igoo c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 488.8 0 0 48 Sharnose c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 35.6 0 0 49 Meroo c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 64.3 0 0 50 Upshi c c c c b c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 8.1 0 0 51 Shang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 130.7 0 0 52 Hamis c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 22.6 0 0 53 Matselang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 48.2 0 0 54 Gia c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 152.2 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 014 015 0 015 0 0 0 1599.9 0 0

156 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0023 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 14.1 0 0 31.6 26.7 4.9 26.7 0 0 0 0 Kharoo 40 0 0.8 0 0 10.1 10.1 0 10.1 0 0 0 0 Langokor 41 0 59.1 0 0 231.1 177.7 53.4 177.7 0 0 0 0 Chemrey 42 0 65.2 0 0 290.6 284.9 5.7 284.9 0 0 0 0 Sakti 43 0 6.1 0 0 55.9 55.5 0.4 55.5 0 0 0 0 Phuktse 44 0 31.5 0 0 58.3 57.1 1.2 57.1 0 0 0 0 Shara 45 0 23.9 0 0 43.3 42.9 0.4 42.9 0 0 0 0 Changa 46 0 34.4 0 0 153.8 151 2.8 151 0 0 0 0 Igoo 47 0 23.9 0 0 55 52.6 2.4 52.6 0 0 0 0 Sharnose 48 0 15 0 0 34.8 33.6 1.2 33.6 0 0 0 0 Meroo 49 0 8.9 0 0 49.4 47.8 1.6 47.8 0 0 0 0 Upshi 50 0 22.7 0 0 38.8 38 0.8 38 0 0 0 0 Shang 51 0 19 0 0 12.6 12.6 0 12.6 0 0 0 0 Hamis 52 0 61.9 0 0 69.6 69.2 0.4 69.2 0 0 0 0 Matselang 53 0 44.1 0 0 93.5 89 4.5 89 0 0 0 0 Gia 54 0 430.6 0 0 1228.4 1148.7 79.7 1148.7 0 0 0

157

C.D. BLOCK DURBOK

158 (f) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Durbok Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Chushul 01030010061 00293000 2 Durbok 01030010026 00292500 3 Kargyam 01030010060 00293000 4 Man Pangong 01030010029 00292800 5 Shachokol 01030010028 00292700 6 Tagste 01030010027 0029260

159 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Durbok Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 55 Durbok 000873 857.5 852 1601421c c c c c c c c c 2 56 Tagste 000874 350.9 681 1261611bc c c c c c c c 2 57 Shachokol 000875 272.3 888 1471311bc c c c c c c c 2 58 Man Pangong 000876 177.7 977 171143c c c c c c c c c c 2 59 Kargyam 000907 119 564 106111cccccccccc 2 60 Chushul 000908 0 949 148111cccccccccc 2 Block T O T A L : 1777.4 4911 858 619 9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 012

160 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0024 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c b 1 c c c 1 1 c c b 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Durbok c 1b c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No No No No Tagste c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo No No No No No No Shachokol c c 1c c c c 1c c c 0 0 0 0 3 0 0No No No No No No No No Man Pangong c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoNoNoNoNoNoNoKargyam c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No No No No Chushul 02300015000000050040001100

161 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Durbok Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 55 Durbok No No No No Yes c b 194101 b c Yes b c Yes c c Yes c c c 56 Tagste No No No No Yes c c 194109 c c Yes Yes c Yes c c Yes c c c 57 Shachokol NoNoNoNoc c c 194101c c c c c Yesc c Yesc c c 58 Man Pangong NoNoNoNoYesc c 194101c c c c c Yesc c Yesc c c 59 Kargyam No No No No c c c c c c c c b b b 60 Chushul NoNoNoNoc c c 194101c c c c c Yesc c Yesc b c Block T O T A L : 0000300 50021050050000

162 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0024 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c b Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c b c c c c Yes c c b c c c Durbok c c c Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c Yes c c c c c c Tagste c c c Yes c Yes Yesc c c c c c c c Yesb c c c c c Shachokol c c c Yes c Yes Yesc c c b Yesc c c Yesa c c c c c Man Pangong b c c Yes c Yes Yes c c b Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Kargyam c c c Yes c Yes Yesc c c b Yesc c c c Yesc Yesc c c Chushul 000606006200040005202000

163 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Durbok Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 55 Durbok c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 743 0 0 56 Tagste c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 182.9 0 0 57 Shachokol c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 181.7 0 0 58 Man Pangong c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 68 0 0 59 Kargyam c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 34.8 0 0 60 Chushul c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 0 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 0 0 6 0 0 0 1210.4 0 0

164 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0024 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 36.8 0 0 77.7 71.6 6.1 71.6 0 0 0 0 Durbok 55 0 65.6 0 0 102.4 99.2 3.2 99.2 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Tagste 56 0 32.8 0 0 57.8 56.2 1.6 56.2 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Shachokol 57 0 58.3 0 0 51.4 47.8 3.6 47.8 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Man Pangong 58 0 32 0 0 52.2 45.3 6.9 45.3 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Kargyam 59 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Chushul 60 0 225.5 0 0 341.5 320.1 21.4 320.1 0 0 0

165

C.D. BLOCK NUBRA

166 (g) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Nubra Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Bogdang 01030020005 00285100 2 Chulungkha 01030020004 00285000 3 Digger 01030020026 00289600 4 Diskit 01030020019 00286700 5 Hundar 01030020018 00286600 6 Hundar Dok 01030020017 00286500 7 Hundri 01030020010 00285600 8 Khalsar 01030020024 00287200 9 Khardong 01030020025 00287300 10 Khemakhungiu 01030020027 00289700 11 Largiab 01030020014 00286000 12 Partap Pore 01030020016 00286400 13 Skanpuk 01030020015 00286300 14 Skuru 01030020013 00285900 15 Taksi 01030020002 00284800 16 Tangyar 01030020028 00289800 17 Terchey 01030020012 00285800 18 Thanga Chathang 01030020001 00284700 19 Turtok 01030020003 00284900 20 Udmaru 01030020011 00285700 21 Warisfistan 01030020006 00285200

167 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nubra Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 61 Thanga Chathang 000911 0 103 16111abcccccccc 2 62 Taksi 000912 0 886 1121321bcccccccc 2 63 Turtok 000913 0 3371 38413211cccccccc 2 64 Chulungkha 000914 0 516 42121cccccccccc 2 65 Bogdang 000915 87 1988 27214211c c c c c c c c 2 66 Warisfistan 000916 74.5 258 52121cccccccccc 2 67 Hundri 000920 52.2 238 5311abccccccccc 2 68 Udmaru 000921 363 378 84111cccccccccc 2 69 Terchey 000922 339.5 270 57111ccc c c c c c c c 2 70 Skuru 000923 106.8 230 52121ccc c c c c c c c 2 71 Largiab 000924 86.2 421 89132cccccccccc 2 72 Skanpuk 000925 153.8 416 93121bbc c c c c c c c 2 73 Partap Pore 000926 91.9 3561 197122a c c c c c c c c c 2 74 Hundar Dok 000927 112.9 95 21baccccccccccc 2 75 Hundar 000928 414 1179 2691311bc c c c c c c c 2 76 Diskit 000929 495.3 1760 344 1 6 6 1 1c c c c c c c c 2 77 Khalsar 000934 114.5 98 22ba 1cccccccccc 2 78 Khardong 000935 587.2 468 144131c c c c c c c c c c 2 79 Digger 000936 70.8 192 53111cccccccccc 2 80 Khemakhungiu 000937 106.8 142 3812cccc c c c c c c c 2 81 Tangyar 000938 87.8 184 4211ccccccccccc 2 Block T O T A L : 3344.2 16754 2436194327 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42

168 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0025 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c b c c c c c b c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No YesNo No Thanga Chathang c b 1 c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Taksi c 1 c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Turtok c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No YesNo No Chulungkha c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Bogdang c c 1 c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Warisfistan c c 1c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoNoNoNoYesNoNoHundri c c 1c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No YesNo No Udmaru c c 1 c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Terchey c c c c c c c a c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoNoNoYesYesNoNoSkuru c c 1c c c c c 1c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No No No YesNo No Largiab c b 1b c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Skanpuk c c 1 b c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No Yes Yes No Yes No No Partap Pore cc 1ccccccc 0000000Yes No No No No No No No Hundar Dok c b 1c c c c b 1b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No YesNo No YesNo No Hundar 1c c 1c c c 1 1c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Diskit c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Khalsar c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No YesNo YesNo No No Khardong c 1 c c c c c 1 c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 No No No No Yes Yes No No Digger c b b b c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No No YesNo No Khemakhungiu c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No No No YesNo No Tangyar 151010004300000000012 010 1 719 2 0

169 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nubra Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 61 Thanga Chathang No No No No c c c b b c c c Yesc c Yesc bc 62 Taksi No No No No c c c Yes Yes b b b Yes c c Yes c c c 63 Turtok No No No No Yes c c 194401 Yes Yes a c c Yes c c Yes b b b 64 Chulungkha No No No No c c c c c b b b Yesc c Yesb b b 65 Bogdang No No No No Yes c Yes Yes Yes b b Yes Yes c c Yes b Yes b 66 Warisfistan No No No No c c c c Yesa c c Yesc c b c c c 67 Hundri NoNoNoNoc c b 194401c a Yesc c b c c b b b b 68 Udmaru No No No No c c Yes c c Yesc c Yesc c b c bc 69 Terchey No No No No Yes Yes c 194401 Yes c Yes c c c c c Yes c c c 70 Skuru NoNoNoNoc c c 194401c c Yesc c Yesc c Yesc c c 71 Largiab No No No No c c c c Yesc c c c c c Yesc c c 72 Skanpuk No No No No c c c c c Yesc c Yesc c b c c c 73 Partap Pore No No No No c c c Yes Yes Yes a a Yes c a Yes c Yes c 74 Hundar Dok NoNoNoNoc c c 194401Yesc c c c c c c c c c c 75 Hundar No No No No c b Yes Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c c Yes c Yes c 76 Diskit No No No No c Yes Yes 194401 Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 77 Khalsar No No No No c c c Yesc c c c Yesc c c b bb 78 Khardong NoNoNoNoYesc c 194401c c c c c Yesc c c b b b 79 Digger No No No No c c b Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c c c 80 Khemakhungiu No No No No c c c c c c c c Yesc c c c cc 81 Tangyar NoNoNoNoc c b 194401Yesc c c c Yesc c c c c c Block T O T A L : 0000424 81198111700110400

170 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0025 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c c Yes Yes Yes Yesc c c b Yesc c c c Yesc Yesc c c Thanga Chathang c c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Taksi b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Turtok b b Yes Yes c Yes Yesc c c c c c c c c Yesc Yesc c c Chulungkha b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Bogdang c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Warisfistan b b b Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Hundri c c a Yes c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Udmaru c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Terchey c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Skuru c c b Yes b Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Largiab c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Skanpuk c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c c c Yes c c c Partap Pore c c c Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Hundar Dok c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes b c c b Yes c Yes c c c Hundar c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Diskit b b Yes Yes a Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Khalsar b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Khardong c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c b Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Digger c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Khemakhungiu c c c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Tangyar 0 114211021 0 021 2 0 01217 0 0 0 120 021 0 0 0

171 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Nubra Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 61 Thanga Chathang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 0 0 0 62 Taksi c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 0 0 0 63 Turtok c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 0 0 0 64 Chulungkha c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH b 0 0 0 0 65 Bogdang c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 27.1 0 0 66 Warisfistan c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 30.4 0 0 67 Hundri c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 12.5 0 0 68 Udmaru c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 281.7 0 0 69 Terchey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 266.7 0 0 70 Skuru c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 59.5 0 0 71 Largiab c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 36.4 0 0 72 Skanpuk c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 47.3 0 0 73 Partap Pore c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 18.2 0 0 74 Hundar Dok c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 69.6 0 0 75 Hundar c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 191 0 0 76 Diskit c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 170.8 0 0 77 Khalsar c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 74.5 0 0 78 Khardong c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 395.4 0 0 79 Digger c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 21 0 0 80 Khemakhungiu c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH b 0 32 0 0 81 Tangyar c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 25.5 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 021 521 0 021 0 0 0 1759.6 0 0

172 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0025 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Wollen Cloth Thanga Chathang 61 0 000 0 0 0 00000 Taksi 62 0 000 0 0 0 00000 Turtok 63 0 000 0 0 0 00000 Chulungkha 64 0 23.9 0 0 36 18.6 17.4 18.6 0 0 0 0 Bogdang 65 0 9.3 0 0 34.8 34 0.8 34 0 0 0 0 Warisfistan 66 0 14.6 0 0 25.1 21.5 3.6 21.5 0 0 0 0 Hundri 67 0 25.5 0 0 55.8 46.9 8.9 46.9 0 0 0 0 Udmaru 68 0 21 0 0 51.8 46.5 5.3 46.5 0 0 0 0 Terchey 69 0 19.8 0 0 27.5 25.9 1.6 25.9 0 0 0 0 Skuru 70 0 12.6 0 0 37.2 34.8 2.4 34.8 0 0 0 0 Largiab 71 0 48.2 0 0 58.3 53.4 4.9 53.4 0 0 0 0 Skanpuk 72 0 25.9 0 0 47.8 47.4 0.4 47.4 0 0 0 0 Partap Pore 73 0 20.7 0 0 22.6 21 1.6 21 0 0 0 0 Hundar Dok 74 0 72.5 0 0 150.5 139.2 11.3 139.2 0 0 0 0 Hundar 75 0 222.6 0 0 101.9 99.2 2.7 99.2 0 0 0 0 Diskit 76 0 19 0 0 21 19.8 1.2 19.8 0 0 0 0 Khalsar 77 0 106.4 0 0 85.4 81.3 4.1 81.3 0 0 0 0 Khardong 78 0 5.3 0 0 44.5 44.1 0.4 44.1 0 0 0 0 Digger 79 0 20.6 0 0 54.2 48.2 6 48.2 0 0 0 0 Khemakhungiu 80 0 16.6 0 0 45.7 39.3 6.4 39.3 0 0 0 0 Tangyar 81 0 684.5 0 0 900.1 821.1 79 821.1 0 0 0

173

C.D. BLOCK PANAMIC

174

(J) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise)

Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Panamic Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 01030020020 Chamshan Charasa 00286800 2 01030020007 Khemi 00285300 3 01030020009 Kubed 00285500 4 01030020023 Lakjung 00287100 5 01030020008 Panamic 00285400 6 01030020022 Sumoor 00287000 7 01030020021 Tiggar 00286900

175 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Panamic Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 82 Khemi 000917 4310.3 576 121 1 5 1c c c c c c c c c c 2 83 Panamic 000918 2825.1 1478 186 1 5 1 1c c c c c c c c c 2 84 Kubed 000919 1959.9 824 210 1 5 3b c c c c c c c c c 2 85 Chamshan Charasa 000930 2758.8 717 180 1 5 2b b c c c c c c c c 2 86 Tiggar 000931 820.3 859 204122a a c c c c c c c c 2 87 Sumoor 000932 324.1 711 16413111c c c c c c c c 2 88 Lakjung 000933 338.7 514 105131a a c c c c c c c c 2 Block T O T A L : 13337.2 5679 1170 72811 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 014

176 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0026 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c c 2 c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Khemi c 2c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Panamic c b 1c c b c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Kubed c c 2c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesNo No Chamshan Charasa c c 1 c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Tiggar c b a c c c c b c c 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Sumoor c b 1c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Lakjung 02700000000000020070701720

177 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Panamic Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 82 Khemi No No No No c c c b Yes b c c Yes c c Yes c c c 83 Panamic No No No No Yes c c 194401 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 84 Kubed No No No No c c c Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c Yes b b b 85 Chamshan Charasa No No No No c c c c Yes Yes c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 86 Tiggar No No No No Yes c c Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 87 Sumoor No No No No Yes c c Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 88 Lakjung No No No No c c b Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c Block T O T A L : 0000300 15360070070400

178 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0026 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Khemi b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Panamic b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Kubed b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes b c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Chamshan Charasa b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes a c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Tiggar b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c a Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Sumoor c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yesa c c c Yesc c c c Yesc Yesc c c Lakjung 007777007100470000707000

179 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Panamic Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 82 Khemi c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 4056.6 0 0 83 Panamic c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 2343.6 0 0 84 Kubed c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 1329.4 0 0 85 Chamshan Charasa c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 2512.7 0 0 86 Tiggar c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 535.4 0 0 87 Sumoor c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 153.3 0 0 88 Lakjung c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 112.5 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 7 0 7 0 0 7 0 0 0 11043.5 0 0

180 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0026 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 155.4 0 0 98.3 66.8 31.5 66.8 0 0 0 0 Khemi 82 0 393.7 0 0 87.8 84.2 3.6 84.2 0 0 0 0 Panamic 83 0 496.1 0 0 134.4 121.4 13 121.4 0 0 0 0 Kubed 84 0 155.8 0 0 90.3 78.1 12.2 78.1 0 0 0 0 Chamshan Charasa 85 0 156.2 0 0 128.7 105.6 23.1 105.6 0 0 0 0 Tiggar 86 0 85.8 0 0 85 76.9 8.1 76.9 0 0 0 0 Sumoor 87 0 154.2 0 0 72 63.5 8.5 63.5 0 0 0 0 Lakjung 88 0 1597.2 0 0 696.5 596.5 100 596.5 0 0 0

181

C.D. BLOCK KHALSI

182

(I) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Khalsi Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Dah 01030030001 00286100 2 Damkhar 01030030006 00287800 3 Fotoksar 01030030022 00291400 4 Hanoo 01030030002 00286200 5 Kanji 01030030020 00291200 6 Khaltse 01030030010 00288200 7 Lamayouro 01030030019 00291100 8 Leido 01030030007 00287900 9 Lingshet 01030030021 00291300 10 Nurla 01030030013 00288500 11 Skinlingyong 01030030009 00288100 12 Skur Buchan 01030030005 00287700 13 Takmachik 01030030008 00288000 14 Temisgam 01030030003 00287500 15 Tia 01030030004 00287600 16 Wanla 01030030016 00290800 17 Youl Chung 01030030023 00290800

183 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Khalsi Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). ocation code no. Sr.No. Name village L Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 89 Dah 000939 171.6 609 1031221c c c c c c c c c 2 90 Hanoo 000940 543.5 1207 224 1 4 2 1c c c c c c c c c 2 91 Temisgam 000941 200.7 1517 234 1 3 2c 1c c c c c c c c 2 92 Tia 000942 385.3 1273 196 1 4a 1a c c c c c c c b 2 93 Skur Buchan 000943 453.2 1932 299 1 5 2 1 1c c c c c c c c 2 94 Damkhar 000944 411.2 1202 199 1 4 2 1c c c c c c c c c 2 95 Leido 000945 107.2 370 55111abc c c c c c c c 2 96 Takmachik 000946 129.1 607 95112acc c c c c c c c 2 97 Skinlingyong 000947 48.6 237 38111 ccccccccc 2 98 Khaltse 000948 147.3 767 156112b 1c c c c c c c c 2 99 Nurla 000951 81.7 351 521b 1bbcccccccc 2 100 Wanla 000954 439.9 1015 170 1 5 2 1c c c c c c c c c 2 101 Lamayouro 000957 208 667 117121cccccccccc 2 102 Kanji 000958 247.7 325 52111ccc c c c c c c c 2 103 Lingshet 000959 287.7 913 116141c c c c c c c c c c 2 104 Fotoksar 000960 193.4 241 48131ccc c c c c c c c 2 105 Youl Chung 000961 182.9 261 4211cccc c c c c c c c 2 Block T O T A L : 4239 13494 2196174223 6 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 034

184 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0027 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoYesNoYesYesNoNoDah c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Hanoo b 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Temisgam 1 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesYesNo No Tia 1c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesNo No Skur Buchan c c c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo YesYesNo No Damkhar b c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoYesNoYesNoNoNoLeido 1c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Takmachik c b c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Skinlingyong c 1c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No YesNo No No YesNo No Khaltse c c b c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Yes No Yes No No Yes No No Nurla c c 1c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0NoNoYesNoNoNoNoNoWanla c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No No No No No Lamayouro cccccccccc 0000000Yes No No No Yes No No No Kanji c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes No No No Lingshet c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No No No YesNo No Fotoksar c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesNo No No Youl Chung 33100001000000020012 1 8 01111 0 0

185 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Khalsi Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 89 Dah No No No No c c b 194106 Yes Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c c c 90 Hanoo No No No No Yes c c 194106 Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c b c 91 Temisgam No No No No Yes Yes c Yes c Yes b b Yes c c Yes b Yes b 92 Tia No No No No Yes Yes b Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 93 Skur Buchan No No No No Yes c c 194106 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 94 Damkhar No No No No Yes c c 194106 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 95 Leido No No No No b c c b Yes c c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 96 Takmachik No No No No c c c 194106 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 97 Skinlingyong NoNoNoNoc c c 194106b Yesb b b b c c Yesc c c 98 Khaltse No No No No Yes c b Yes Yes Yes b b Yes c c Yes b Yes b 99 Nurla No No No No Yes c c 141906 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 100 Wanla No No No No Yes c b 194106 c c Yes c c Yes c c Yes Yes Yes Yes 101 Lamayouro No No No No Yes c c 194106 c Yes b c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 102 Kanji No No No No c c c 194106 c Yes c c c b c c Yes Yes Yes Yes 103 Lingshet NoNoNoNoc c c 194106c Yesb c c c c c c c c c 104 Fotoksar NoNoNoNoc c b 194106b Yesb c c c c c c c b c 105 Youl Chung No No No No c c c bcbccbcccccc Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 9 2 0 12 810 8 0 012 0 014 21120

186 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0027 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Dah c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Hanoo b b c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Temisgam c c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tia c c Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Skur Buchan c c c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Damkhar Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Leido c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Takmachik b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c b Yes c c c b Yes c Yes c c c Skinlingyong Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Khaltse Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Nurla b b b Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Wanla Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c c Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Lamayouro c c c Yes c Yes Yes c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Kanji c c b Yes c Yes Yes c c c b Yes Yes c c c c c Yes c c c Lingshet c c c Yes c Yes Yes c c Yes a c c c c b c Yes c c c Fotoksar c c c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Youl Chung 4 4 8171017 0 017 1 0 01313 2 2 21114 217 2 2 2

187 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Khalsi Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 89 Dah c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 76.5 0 0 90 Hanoo c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 303.5 0 0 91 Temisgam c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 69.2 0 0 92 Tia c Yes Yes Yes Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 140.8 0 0 93 Skur Buchan c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 201.9 0 0 94 Damkhar c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 221.8 0 0 95 Leido c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 65.1 0 0 96 Takmachik c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 55.1 0 0 97 Skinlingyong c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 15 0 0 98 Khaltse c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 76.9 0 0 99 Nurla c c c c Yes Yes Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 25.9 0 0 100 Wanla c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 252.5 0 0 101 Lamayouro c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 91.9 0 0 102 Kanji c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 142.1 0 0 103 Lingshet c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 150.9 0 0 104 Fotoksar c c c c c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 108.9 0 0 105 Youl Chung c Yes Yes Yes c c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 108.9 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 2 2 215 317 0 017 0 0 0 2106.9 0 0

188 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0027 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 3.2 0 0 91.9 83 8.9 83 0 0 0 0 Dah 89 0 14.2 0 0 225.8 163.9 61.9 163.9 0 0 0 0 Hanoo 90 0 27.5 0 0 104 101.6 2.4 101.6 0 0 0 0 Temisgam 91 0 75.3 0 0 169.2 149.7 19.5 149.7 0 0 0 0 Tia 92 0 13.3 0 0 238 181.3 56.7 181.3 0 0 0 0 Skur Buchan 93 0 21.9 0 0 167.5 130.3 37.2 130.3 0 0 0 0 Damkhar 94 0 7.7 0 0 34.4 27.1 7.3 27.1 0 0 0 0 Leido 95 0 13.3 0 0 60.7 50.2 10.5 50.2 0 0 0 0 Takmachik 96 0 9.3 0 0 24.3 21.9 2.4 21.9 0 0 0 0 Skinlingyong 97 0 28.3 0 0 42.1 38 4.1 38 0 0 0 0 Khaltse 98 0 10.9 0 0 44.9 38.4 6.5 38.4 0 0 0 0 Nurla 99 0 17 0 0 170.4 137.6 32.8 137.6 0 0 0 0 Wanla 100 0 9.7 0 0 106.4 60.7 45.7 60.7 0 0 0 0 Lamayouro 101 0 3.6 0 0 102 30.4 71.6 30.4 0 0 0 0 Kanji 102 0 6.5 0 0 130.3 91.5 38.8 91.5 0 0 0 0 Lingshet 103 0 2.4 0 0 82.1 33.6 48.5 33.6 0 0 0 0 Fotoksar 104 0 2.4 0 0 71.6 34.8 36.8 34.8 0 0 0 0 Youl Chung 105 0 266.5 0 0 1865.6 1374 491.6 1374 0 0 0

189

C.D. BLOCK SUSPOL

190

(j) (i)

Alphabetic list of villages (C.D. Block wise) Name of the District : Leh Name of the CD Block: Suspol Sl. No. Name of Village 2011 Census Location Code Number 2001 Census Location Code Number 1 2 3 4 1 Dah 01030030001 00286100 2 Damkhar 01030030006 00287800 3 Fotoksar 01030030022 00291400 4 Hanoo 01030030002 00286200 5 Kanji 01030030020 00291200 6 Khaltse 01030030010 00288200 7 Lamayouro 01030030019 00291100

191 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Saspol Number of educational amenities available. (If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Location code no. Total area of the village ( in hectares rounded up to one decimal place) Total population ( 2011 census ) Number of households (2011 census) Pre-Primary school (PP) Primary school (P) Middle school (M) Secondary School (S) Senior Secondary school (SS) Degree college of arts science & commerce Engineering college(EC) Medical college (MC) Management institute (MI) Polytechnic (Pt) Vocational training school /ITI Non-formal training centre (NFTC) Special school for disabled (SSD) Others (specify) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920 106 Likir 000848 383.6 1058 218 1 2 1 1c c c c c c c c c 2 107 Saspochey 000949 109.3 214 36121cbc c c c c c c c 2 108 Hemishok Pachan 000950 438.3 739 1441211c c c c c c c c c 2 109 Suspol 000952 226.2 1205 198 1 2 1b 1c c c c c c c c 2 110 Alchi 000953 341.6 932 145121c bc c c c c c c c 2 111 Giramangu 000955 208 407 67121cccccccccc 2 112 Tarhipti 000956 38.8 102 2012bcccccccccc 2 Block T O T A L : 1745.8 4657 828 714 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 014

192 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0028 Number of Medical Amenities Number of Non- Availability of drinking water - available. (If not available within the Government Medical Yes / No village , the distance range code viz; Amenities available. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Name village Community health centre (CHC) Primary health centre (PHC) Primary health sub centre (PHS) Maternity and child welfare centre (MCW) T.B. clinic (TBC) Hospital-allopathic (HA) Hospital-alternative medicine (HO) Dispensary (D) Veterinary hospital (VH) Mobile health clinic (MHC) Family welfare centre (FWC) Charitable non Govt. hospital/Nursing home. Medical practitioner Degree with MBBS Medical practitioner with other degree Medical practitioner with no degree Traditional practitioner and faith healer . Medicine Shop Others Tap water (Treated/Untreated) waterWell (Covered / Uncovered well) Hand Pump Tube / Borewells well Spring River / Canal Tank / Pond / Lake Others 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 2 c c 1c c c c c 1c c 0 0 0 0 1 0 0YesNo YesNo YesNo No No Likir c b c c c c b c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No No Saspochey c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo No No YesNo No No Hemishok Pachan c 1 c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Suspol c b c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0YesNo YesNo No YesNo No Alchi c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Giramangu c c c c c c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0No No No YesYesYesNo No Tarhipti 01100000100000010060416400

193 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Saspol Availability of Communication and transport facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is toilet & others given except for Village Pin Code ,If not available within the village , the Yes / No distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Sr.No. Name village Community toilet including bath. Community toilet excluding bath. Rural sanitary mart or sanitary hardware outlet available near the village. Community bio- gas or recycle of forwaste productive use. office(PO)Post Sub post office (SPO) &Post Telegraph office (P&TO) Village Pin Code Telephones (Land lines) Public call office (PCO) Mobile phone coverage Internet cafes/ Common service centre (CSC) Private courier facility serviceBus (Public & Private) Railway stations Auto/Modified Autos Taxis and Vans Tractors Cycle-pulled rickshaws(Manual & Machine drivenCarts by animals Sea /River ferry service 1 2 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 106 Likir No No No No Yes Yes c 194106 Yes c Yes c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 107 Saspochey No No No No Yes c c c b b c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 108 Hemishok Pachan No No No No Yes Yes b 194106 Yes c c c c Yes c c Yes b Yes b 109 Suspol No No No No Yes c 194106 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c Yes Yes c b c 110 Alchi No No No No Yes Yes b 194106 Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c Yes Yes c c c 111 Giramangu No No No No c c c c c b c c Yes c c Yes c Yes c 112 Tarhipti No No No No c c b Yesc b c c b c c b b ab Block T O T A L : 0000530 45230060260400

194 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0028 Village connected to highways,village roads, Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a banks & credit societies (If amenities available for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). Connected to national highway(NH) Connected to highway(SH)state Connected to major district road (MDR) Connected to others district road Pucca roads Kutchcha roads Water bounded macadam(WBM) roads Navigable waterway (river/canal)(NW) Footpaths (FP) Commercial & Co-operative Banks ATM Agricultural Credit Societies Self-Help Group (SHG) Public distribution system (PDS) shop Mandis / Regular market Weekly Haat Agricultural marketing society Integrated Child Development Scheme Anganwadi Centre (Nutritional Centres) Others (Nutritional Centres) ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) Community centre with/without TV Sports Field, Sports Club / Recreation Centre Name village 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Likir b b b Yes a Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Saspochey b b b Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Hemishok Pachan Yes Yes c Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c Yes c c c c Yes Yes c Yes c c c Suspol b b Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes c c c Yes c Yes c c c Yes c Yes c c c Alchi b b c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Giramangu b b c Yes c Yes Yes c c c Yes Yes c c c c Yes c Yes c c c Tarhipti 222737007100731004707000

195 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Name of District:- Leh(Ladakh) Name of CD Block:- Saspol Availability of miscellaneous facilities (If amenities available code -Yes is given, If not available within the village , the distance range code viz; a Availability of for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms of nearest place where facility is available is given). electricity (Yes/No) Nearest Town Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Sr.No. Name village Cinema / Video Hall Public Library Public Reading Room Newspaper Supply Assembly Polling station Birth & Death Registration Office Power Supply for Domestic (ED)Use Power Supply for Agricultural (EAG)Use Power Supply for Commercial (EC) Use Power Supply for (EA) All Uses Name Distance range code i.e. a for < 5 Kms, b for 5-10 Kms and c for 10+ kms . Forests Area under Non-agricultural Uses Barren and Un-cultivable land Permanent Pastures and Other Grazing Lands 1 2 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100101 102 103 104 105 106 107 106 Likir c c c c b c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 180.9 0 0 107 Saspochey c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 52.6 0 0 108 Hemishok Pachan c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 204.8 0 0 109 Suspol c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 91.9 0 0 110 Alchi c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 136 0 0 111 Giramangu c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 118.6 0 0 112 Tarhipti c c c c Yes c Yes No No Yes LEH c 0 12.5 0 0 Block T O T A L : 0 0 0 0 6 0 7 0 0 7 0 0 0 797.3 0 0

196 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - VILLAGE DIRECTORY AMENITIES AND LAND USE ( AS IN 2009 ) Location CodeNo:- 003 Location CodeNo:- 0028 Name of three most important commodities Land Use manufactured Area under different types of land use ( in hectares rounded up to one Area irrigated by source (in decimal place) hectare). Name of Village Serial Number Land Under Miscellaneous Tree Crops etc. Culturable Land Waste Fallow lands other than current fallows Current Fallows Net Area Sown Total Irrigated Land Area Total Un-irrigated Land Area ( Canals ) C Wells/Tube-wells(W/TW) Tanks/Lakes(T/L) Water Falls(WF) Others(O) First Second Third 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 2 1 0 59.4 0 0 143.3 136 7.3 136 0 0 0 0 Likir 106 0 25.9 0 0 30.8 30 0.8 30 0 0 0 0 Saspochey 107 0 125.4 0 0 108.1 100 8.1 100 0 0 0 0 Hemishok Pachan 108 0 28.7 0 0 105.6 89 16.6 89 0 0 0 0 Suspol 109 0 113.7 0 0 91.9 86.6 5.3 86.6 0 0 0 0 Alchi 110 0 42.9 0 0 46.5 42.1 4.4 42.1 0 0 0 0 Giramangu 111 0 12.9 0 0 13.4 12.6 0.8 12.6 0 0 0 0 Tarhipti 112 0 408.9 0 0 539.6 496.3 43.3 496.3 0 0 0

197

SECTION - I VILLAGE DIRECTORY

198 Appendix I - Village Directory Summary showing total number of villages having educational, medical and other amenities - CD Block level

Sr. Name of CD block Total number Total Villages having educational institutions No. of inhabited population Pre-primary Primary Middle Secondary Senior Degree college of Degree Medical villages in the of C.D. school school school school secondary arts sceince & college of college C. D. block block school (SS) commerce engineering 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0020-Leh 11 7584 10 10 7 3 0 0 0 0 2 0021-Nyoma 17 8435 16 15 9 3 1 0 0 0 3 0022-Chuchat 10 13959 10 9 7 6 1 0 0 0 4 0023-Kharu 15 12343 14 14 8 4 1 0 0 0 5 0024-Durbok 6 4911 6 6 6 3 0 0 0 0 6 0025-Nubra 21 16754 19 19 17 5 3 0 0 0 7 0026-Panamic 7 5679 7 7 7 2 1 0 0 0 8 0027-Khalsi 17 13494 17 16 15 6 3 0 0 0 9 0028-Saspol 7 4657 7 7 6 2 1 0 0 0 Total 111 87816 106 103 82 34 11 0 0 0 199

Villages having educational institutions (contd.) Villages having Medical institutions Manage Polytechnic Vocational Non-formal Special school Others No Community Primary Primary Maternity and T.B Hospital- -ment training training for disabled (specify) educational health centre health health sub child welfare Clinic allopathic institute school /ITI centre facility centre centre centre

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 2 2 10 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 10 0 0 4 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 1 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 1 5 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 111 0 6 20 60 3 0 0 Appendix I - Village Directory contd….

Villages having Medical institutions (contd.) … Villages having drinking water Hospital- Dispe Veterin Mobile Family Medical Medical Medic Others No Tap water Well Hand Tubewel Spring River Tank/ Others No alternative -nsary -ary health welfare practioner practioner -ine medical (treated/ water pump l /canal pond/ drinking medicine hospital clinic centre (with (with shop facility untreated) (coverd/ /borewel lake water MBBS other uncovered l facility Degree) degree) well) 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 9 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 14 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 0 9 0 15 14 5 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 10 0 10 0 3 4 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 14 0 12 13 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 12 0 10 1 7 19 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 7 0 1 7 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 12 1 8 0 11 11 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 0 4 1 6 4 0 0 0 1 25 23 2 0 0 0 1 0 23 81 1 71 3 60 74 9 0 2 200 Villages having Post & Telegraph Villages having transport Post office Sub Post & Phone Public call Mobile phone Internet cafes/ Village Bus service Railway Auto/ Taxi & Tractors Navigable water post telegraph (land office coverage Common roads-pucca (public/private) station modified vans ways (river/ office office lines) service centre road autos canal/ sea ferry service) 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 4 7 0 7 0 7 0 9 10 0 0 8 0 0 3 1 1 4 10 3 0 10 13 0 0 2 0 0 6 8 1 9 1 10 1 8 10 0 0 9 0 0 6 2 0 6 1 10 0 9 15 0 1 9 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 4 2 4 11 9 8 1 10 17 0 0 11 0 0 3 0 0 5 3 6 0 7 7 0 0 7 0 0 9 2 0 8 10 8 0 10 12 0 0 14 2 0 5 3 0 5 2 3 0 3 6 0 2 6 0 0 43 25 6 55 36 57 3 66 95 0 3 71 2 0 Appendix I - Village Directory contd….

Banks Credit Villages having recreation facility Miscellaneous Villages having power societies supply Commercial & ATM Agricultura Cinema / Public Public Availability Public Weekly haat Asembly Birth & death Available Not co-operative l Credit video library reading of news distribution polling registration office available Societies halls rooms paper system (PDS) station shop 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 6 2 11 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 15 2 17 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 1 10 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 14 0 15 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 6 0 6 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 21 5 21 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 7 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 2 2 2 13 2 15 3 17 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 6 0 7 0 201 12 1 1 0 2 2 2 81 2 100 13 111 0 Appendix IA - village directory Villages by number of primary schools District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Sr.No. Name of C.D.Block Total number of Number of primary schools inhabited villages None One Two Three Four + 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 0020-Leh 11 1 4 2 1 3 2 0021-Nyoma 17 2 4 9 1 1 3 0022-Chuchat 10 1 4 2 1 2 4 0023-Kharu 15 1 8 2 3 1 5 0024-Durbok 6 0 2 0 1 3 6 0025-Nubra 21 2 6 6 5 2 7 0026-Panamic 7 0 0 1 2 4 8 0027-Khalsi 17 1 6 2 2 6 9 0028-Saspol 7 0 0 7 0 0 Total 111 8 34 31 16 22

Appendix IB - village directory Villages by primary, middle and secondary schools District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Sr.No. Name of CD Total Type of educational institutions available Block number of No school At least one At least one At least one middle inhabited primary primary school and one villages school and no school and secondary school middle school one middle school

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 0020-Leh 11 1 3 7 3 2 0021-Nyoma 17 2 6 9 3 3 0022-Chuchat 10 0 3 6 4 4 0023-Kharu 15 1 6 8 4 5 0024-Durbok 6 0 0 6 3 6 0025-Nubra 21 1 3 16 5 7 0026-Panamic 7 0 0 7 2 8 0027-Khalsi 17 0 2 14 5 9 0028-Saspol 7 0 1 6 2 Total 111 5 24 79 31

202 Appendix IC - Village Directory Villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Sr.No Name of Number of villages with different sources of drinking water facilities available . C.D.Block Only tap Only well Only Only More than one source (treated/ (covered / tubewell handpump only from tap, well, untreated) uncovered) /borewell tubewell,hand pump 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 0020-Leh 2 0 0 1 8 2 0021-Nyoma 6 0 0 1 8 3 0022-Chuchat 0 0 0 0 10 4 0023-Kharu 0 0 0 8 6 5 0024-Durbok 4 0 0 0 0 6 0025-Nubra 6 0 0 3 7 7 0026-Panamic 0 0 0 0 7 8 0027-Khalsi 7 1 0 3 5 9 0028-Saspol 2 0 1 0 4 Total 27 1 1 16 55

Appendix II- Village Directory Villages with 5000 and above population which do not have one or more amenities available. District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Sr. Name of Name of Location Population Amenities not available (indicate N.A. where amenity not available) No. CD Block village code Senior College Primary Tap Bus Approach Banks number secondary health sub drinking facility by pucca school centre water road

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 0023- Chemrey 000871 6222 N.A. N.A. Available Available Available Available N.A. Kharu

Appendix III - Village Directory

Land Utilisation Data in respect of Census Towns District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Area on Hect

Sl. No. Nameof Census Townsand C.D. BlockWithin Bracket TotalArea (Sq./kms) Forests Areaunder Non- AgriculturalUses Barrenand UncultivableLand PermanentPastures andOther Grazing Lands LandUnder MiscellaneousTree Cropsetc. CulturableWaste Land FallowLands other thanCurrent Fallows CurrentFallows NetArea Sown TotalIrrigated Land Area TotalUn-irrigated LandArea 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Nil

203

Appendix-IV

CD Block wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity other than drinking water facility is available District: Leh(Ladakh) (003) Serial No Location Code Name of The Village 1 2 3 Name of the CD Block: Leh Nil Name of the CD Block: Nyoma Nil Name of the CD Block: Chuchat Nil Name of the CD Block: Kharu Nil Name of the CD Block: Durbok Nil Name of the CD Block: Nubra Nil Name of the CD Block: Panamic Nil Name of the CD Block: Khalsi Nil Name of the CD Block: Saspol Nil

Appendix V- Village Directory

Summary showing number of villages not having scheduled castes population District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) Sr.No. Name of Total Uninhabited Inhabited villages Number of inhabited C.D. Block villages villages villages having no scheduled castes population

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 0020-Leh 12 1 11 11 2 0021-Nyoma 17 0 17 12 3 0022-Chuchat 10 0 10 9 4 0023-Kharu 15 0 15 14 5 0024-Durbok 6 0 6 6 6 0025-Nubra 21 0 21 18 7 0026-Panamic 7 0 7 6 8 0027-Khalsi 17 0 17 12 9 0028-Saspol 7 0 7 7 Total 112 1 111 95

Appendix VI - Village Directory Summary showing number of villages not having scheduled tribes population District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) Sr.No. Name of C.D. Block Total villages Uninhabited Inhabited villages Number of inhabited villages villages having no scheduled tribes population 1 2 3 4 5 6

1 0020-Leh 12 1 11 0 2 0021-Nyoma 17 0 17 0 3 0022-Chuchat 10 0 10 0 4 0023-Kharu 15 0 15 0 5 0024-Durbok 6 0 6 0 6 0025-Nubra 21 0 21 0

204 7 0026-Panamic 7 0 7 0 8 0027-Khalsi 17 0 17 0 9 0028-Saspol 7 0 7 0 Total 112 1 111 0 Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes to the total population by ranges.

District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Leh(0020) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 Nil 000849 Ney Nil 000850 Umla Nil 000851 Bazgoo Nil 000852 Nimo Nil 000853 Taroo Nil 000854 Phey Nil 000855 Fiang Nil 000856 Saboo Nil 000861 Rumbak Nil 000864 Chiling Sumda Nil 000865 Skiumarkha

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Nyoma(0021) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 Nil 000883 Liktse Nil 000884 Tukla Nil 000885 Kumgyam Nil 000886 Teri Nil 000887 Himya Nil 000888 Tarchit Nil 000895 Kharnak Nil 000896 Kerey Nil 000897 Skitmang Nil 000900 Chumathang Nil 000902 Mood Nil 000904 Koyul Less than 5 000898 Samad Rakchan Less than 5 000899 Karzok Less than 5 000901 Nyoma

205 Less than 5 000903 Anlay Less than 5 000906 Demjok

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Chuchat(0022) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 Nil 000857 Nang Nil 000858 Shey Nil 000859 Thiksey Nil 000860 Rambir Por Nil 000863 Chuchat Yakma Nil 000866 Chuchot Shama Nil 000867 Chuchoot Gongma Nil 000868 Mathoo Nil 000879 Stakna Less than 5 000862 Stok

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Kharu(0023) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 Nil 000869 Kharoo Nil 000870 Langokor Nil 000871 Chemrey Nil 000877 Phuktse Nil 000878 Shara Nil 000880 Changa Nil 000881 Igoo Nil 000882 Sharnose Nil 000889 Meroo Nil 000890 Upshi Nil 000891 Shang Nil 000892 Hamis Nil 000893 Matselang Nil 000894 Gia Less than 5 000872 Sakti

206 Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Durbok(0024) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 Nil 000873 Durbok Nil 000874 Tagste Nil 000875 Shachokol Nil 000876 Man Pangong Nil 000907 Kargyam Nil 000908 Chushul

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Nubra(0025) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 Nil 000911 Thanga Chathang Nil 000912 Taksi Nil 000913 Turtok Nil 000915 Bogdang Nil 000916 Warisfistan Nil 000920 Hundri Nil 000921 Udmaru Nil 000922 Terchey Nil 000923 Skuru Nil 000924 Largiab Nil 000925 Skanpuk Nil 000927 Hundar Dok Nil 000928 Hundar Nil 000934 Khalsar Nil 000935 Khardong Nil 000936 Digger Nil 000937 Khemakhungiu Nil 000938 Tangyar Less than 5 000926 Partap Pore

207 Less than 5 000929 Diskit 5 - 10 000914 Chulungkha

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Panamic(0026) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 Nil 000917 Khemi Nil 000918 Panamic Nil 000919 Kubed Nil 000930 Chamshan Charasa Nil 000931 Tiggar Nil 000932 Sumoor Less than 5 000933 Lakjung

Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Khalsi(0027) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 Nil 000939 Dah Nil 000945 Leido Nil 000946 Takmachik Nil 000947 Skinlingyong Nil 000948 Khaltse Nil 000951 Nurla Nil 000954 Wanla Nil 000957 Lamayouro Nil 000958 Kanji Nil 000959 Lingshet Nil 000960 Fotoksar Nil 000961 Youl Chung Less than 5 000940 Hanoo Less than 5 000941 Temisgam Less than 5 000942 Tia Less than 5 000943 Skur Buchan Less than 5 000944 Damkhar

208 Appendix VII A- Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Saspol(0028) Range of scheduled castes population (Percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 Nil 000848 Likir Nil 000949 Saspochey Nil 000950 Hemishok Pachan Nil 000952 Suspol Nil 000953 Alchi Nil 000955 Giramangu Nil 000956 Tarhipti

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Leh(0020) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 76 and above 000849 Ney 76 and above 000850 Umla 76 and above 000851 Bazgoo 76 and above 000852 Nimo 76 and above 000853 Taroo 76 and above 000854 Phey 76 and above 000855 Fiang 76 and above 000856 Saboo 76 and above 000861 Rumbak 76 and above 000864 Chiling Sumda 76 and above 000865 Skiumarkha

209

Appendix VII B - Village Directory

List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Nyoma(0021) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location Name of village code number 1 2 3

41 - 50 000903 Anlay 41 - 50 000904 Koyul 51 - 75 000898 Samad Rakchan 51 - 75 000899 Karzok 76 and above 000883 Liktse 76 and above 000884 Tukla 76 and above 000885 Kumgyam 76 and above 000886 Teri 76 and above 000887 Himya 76 and above 000888 Tarchit 76 and above 000895 Kharnak 76 and above 000896 Kerey 76 and above 000897 Skitmang 76 and above 000900 Chumathang 76 and above 000901 Nyoma 76 and above 000902 Mood 76 and above 000906 Demjok

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Chuchat(0022) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location Name of village code number 1 2 3 76 and above 000857 Nang 76 and above 000858 Shey 76 and above 000859 Thiksey 76 and above 000860 Rambir Por 76 and above 000862 Stok 76 and above 000863 Chuchat Yakma

210 76 and above 000866 Chuchot Shama 76 and above 000867 Chuchoot Gongma 76 and above 000868 Mathoo 76 and above 000879 Stakna

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Kharu(0023) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 21 - 30 000871 Chemrey 21 - 30 000892 Hamis 76 and above 000869 Kharoo 76 and above 000870 Langokor 76 and above 000872 Sakti 76 and above 000877 Phuktse 76 and above 000878 Shara 76 and above 000880 Changa 76 and above 000881 Igoo 76 and above 000882 Sharnose 76 and above 000889 Meroo 76 and above 000890 Upshi 76 and above 000891 Shang 76 and above 000893 Matselang 76 and above 000894 Gia

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Durbok(0024) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 76 and above 000873 Durbok 76 and above 000874 Tagste 76 and above 000875 Shachokol 76 and above 000876 Man Pangong 76 and above 000907 Kargyam 76 and above 000908 Chushul

211

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Nubra(0025) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 11 - 20 000926 Partap Pore 41 - 50 000914 Chulungkha 51 - 75 000913 Turtok 76 and above 000911 Thanga Chathang 76 and above 000912 Taksi 76 and above 000915 Bogdang 76 and above 000916 Warisfistan 76 and above 000920 Hundri 76 and above 000921 Udmaru 76 and above 000922 Terchey 76 and above 000923 Skuru 76 and above 000924 Largiab 76 and above 000925 Skanpuk 76 and above 000927 Hundar Dok 76 and above 000928 Hundar 76 and above 000929 Diskit 76 and above 000934 Khalsar 76 and above 000935 Khardong 76 and above 000936 Digger 76 and above 000937 Khemakhungiu 76 and above 000938 Tangyar

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Panamic(0026) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 41 - 50 000918 Panamic 76 and above 000917 Khemi

212 76 and above 000919 Kubed 76 and above 000930 Chamshan Charasa 76 and above 000931 Tiggar 76 and above 000932 Sumoor 76 and above 000933 Lakjung

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Khalsi(0027) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village 1 2 3 76 and above 000939 Dah 76 and above 000940 Hanoo 76 and above 000941 Temisgam 76 and above 000942 Tia 76 and above 000943 Skur Buchan 76 and above 000944 Damkhar 76 and above 000945 Leido 76 and above 000946 Takmachik 76 and above 000947 Skinlingyong 76 and above 000948 Khaltse 76 and above 000951 Nurla 76 and above 000954 Wanla 76 and above 000957 Lamayouro 76 and above 000958 Kanji 76 and above 000959 Lingshet 76 and above 000960 Fotoksar 76 and above 000961 Youl Chung

Appendix VII B - Village Directory List of villages according to the proportion of the scheduled tribes to the total population by ranges. District: Leh(Ladakh)(003) CD Block: Saspol(0028) Range of scheduled tribes population (percentages) Location code number Name of village

1 2 3 76 and above 000848 Likir 76 and above 000949 Saspochey 76 and above 000950 Hemishok Pachan 76 and above 000952 Suspol

213 76 and above 000953 Alchi 76 and above 000955 Giramangu 76 and above 000956 Tarhipti

Appendix VIII - Village Directory Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat (C.D. block wise)

Not Available

214 SECTION - II TOWN DIRECTORY Section – II Town Directory

Note explaining the abbreviations used in Town Directory 2011 Census :-

Statement 1 :- Status and Growth History:

Column 1 - Serial Number :- Self explanatory

Column 2 - Class, Name and Civic Status of Town :- The Class is presented according to population of the towns in 2011 Census as follows:

Population Class Population Class 100,000 I 10,000 - 19,000 IV 50,000 II 5,000 - 9,999 V 20,000 III Below - 5,000 VI

The following abbreviations are used to denote the Civic Status of the town. Civic Status Codes Civic Status Codes i- Municipal Corporation M. Corp. xii- Notified Town Area NTA II- Municipal Committee MC xiii- Industrial Notified Area INA iii- Municipal Council M Cl xiv- Industrial Township ITS iv- City Municipal Council CMC xv- Township TS v- Town Municipal Council TMC xvi- Town Panchayat TP vi- Municipal Board MB xvii- Nagar Panchayat NP vii- Municipality M xviii- Town Committee / TC Town Area Committee

216 viii- Cantonment Board / CB xix- Small Town Committee ST Cantoment ix- Notified Area NA xx- Estate Office EO x- Notified Town NT xxi- Gram Panchayat GP xi- Notified Area Committee NAC xxii- Census Town CT / Notified Area Council

Column 3- 25:- These columns are self explanatory.

Statement II:- Physical Aspects and Location of Town, 2009.

Column 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of Town:- These columns are self explanatory.

Column 3 - 5 Physical Aspects:- In these columns the Rain fall and Maximum and Minimum Temperature of the town is recorded.

Column 6 - 12:- Name and road distance of the town (in kms.) from the State headquarters, District headquarters, Sub-divisional/Taluk/Tahsil/Police Station/Development Block/Island HQ., Nearest city with population of one lakh and more, Nearest city with population of five lakh and more, Railway station and Bus route is recorded in these columns respectively. If the names mentioned in these columns are the same as the referent town itself, the distance is recorded as (0) zero.

Statement III – Civic and other Amenities, 2009:-

Column 1 - 2 Serial number and Name of town:- Self explanatory.

Column 3 - Road Length (in km.):- The information about the road length (in km.) within the limit of the town is recorded in this column.

Columns 4 to 7 - System of drainage:- The system of drainage available in the town is indicated in these columns by the following codes:

System of Drainage Codes

217 Open drains OD Closed drains CD Both drains BD

Columns 8 to 11 - Number of latrines:- The Number of various types of latrines available in the town is indicated in these columns.

Columns No. 12 & 13 - Protected water supply:- The information on source of water supply and system of water storage with capacity available in the town are given in these columns in the following codes:

Column 12 (Source of water supply):- (i) Tap water T (ii) Tube-well water TW (iii) Tank water TK (iv) Well water W

Column 13 (system of water storage):- (i) Over Head Tank OHT (ii) Service Reservoir SR (iii) River Infiltration Gallery RIG (iv) Bore Well Pumping System BWP (v) Pressure Tank PT

The information on 2 major source of water supply is given in column 12 and the system of water storage with capacity against each in kilo-liters (in bracket) is presented in column 13.

Column 14 Fire Fighting Service:- In case the fire fighting service available in he referent town, ‘yes’ is recorded. If the facility is not available within the town, the name of the nearest place having this facility with its distance from the referent town has been recorded.

218 Column 15 to 19 Electrification (Number of Connections):- Different types of electric connections have been shown in these columns, i.e. Domestic, Industrial, Commercial, Road Lighting (points) & others.

Statement IV : Medical Facilities, 2009:-

Column 1 - 2 Serial Number and Name of Town:- Self explanatory. Columns 3 to 13:- The number of various medical institutions such as Hospitals, Dispensaries, Health Centre, Maternity and Child Welfare Center, Maternity Homes, T.B. Hospital/clinic, Nursing Homes, Charitable Hospital/Nursing Home, Mobile Health Clinic and Others as available in the town, are indicated in these columns (along with number of beds in brackets).

Column 14 - Veterinary Hospital:- The Number of Veterinary Hospitals available in the town is given in this column.

Column 15 - Medicine Shop:- The number of Medicine shops available in the town is given in this column.

Statement V : Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009:-

Columns 1 - 2 Serial Number and Name of Town:- Self explanatory.

Columns 3 to 15 Educational Facilities:- The information on number of Primary school, Middle school, Secondary school, Senior Secondary school, Arts/Science/Commerce colleges (of degree level and above), Medical colleges, Engineering colleges, Management Institute/Colleges, Polytechnics, Recognized Shorthand, Typewriting and vocational training Institutions, Non-formal Education Center (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Center), Special School for disabled and Other available in the town, are indicated in these columns. If an educational facility is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance in kilometers from the town where the facility is available is mentioned.

Columns 16 to 23 - Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural Facilities:-

219 The information on No. of Home Orphanage, Working women’s hostels (with No. of seta in bracket), No. of Old Age Home, Stadium, Cinema Theatre, Auditorium/Community halls, public libraries and Reading rooms available in the town are given under these columns.

Statement VI : Industry and Banking, 2009:-

Columns 1 - 2 Serial Number and Name of Town:- Self explanatory.

Columns 3 to 5 - Names of three most important commodities manufactured:- The names of three most important commodities manufactured in the town are given under these columns.

Columns 6 to 8 - Number of banks:- The number of banks available in the referent town both Commercial and Co-operative banks are recorded against these columns.

Columns 9 & 10 - Number of Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Credit Societies :- The number of Agricultural and Non Agricultural Credit Societies available in the referent town are given in these columns.

Statement VII : Civic and other Amenities in Slums, 2009:- The statement VII provides information on civic and other amenities in all slums whether notified or not and for all towns having statutory bodies, like Municipality, Municipal Corporation, Town Area Committee etc.

…………….

220 Statement – I

Status and Growth History Sr. Class, name Location Code Name of Taluk/ Name Area Number of Scheduled Scheduled Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the No. and civic No. Tahsil/ Police of CD (sq. households Castes Tribes town at the Censuses of status of Station/Islands block Km.) including Population Population town etc. houseless (2011 (2011 1901 1911 1921 1931 households Census) Census) (2011 Census) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 III, 1 Leh Ladakh 0100300010800047 LEH 9.15 4377 22 16391 0 (0) 2895 (0) 2401 (-17.06) 3093 (28.82) (MC),

VI, 2 0100300010000909 LEH LEH 10.58 696 7 1605 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Spituk (CT),

IV,

221 3 Chuglamsar 0100300010000910 LEH LEH 4.28 1931 351 4072 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) (CT),

Status and Growth History (Contd.)…. Sr. Population and growth rate (in brackets) of the town at the Censuses of Density Sex ratio No. (2011 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Census) 1991 2001 2011

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

1 3372 (9.02) 3546 (5.16) 3720 (4.91) 5519 (48.36) 8718 (57.96) 0 (0) 28639 (0) 30870 (7.79) 3373 0 611 425

2 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 4339 (0) 4047 (-6.72) 382 0 928 710

3 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 4897 (0) 10754 (119.16) 2512 0 921 648 Statement-II

Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 2009 Sr. Name of Physical Temperature Name of and road distance (in kms.) from Railway Bus No. town aspects (in centigrade) station route Rainfall (in mm) Sub-Division/ Nearest city Nearest city Taluk/ Tahsil / with with District Maximum Minimum State HQ. Police station/ population of population of HQ. Development one lakh and five lakh and Block/ Island HQ. more more 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Leh Ladakh JAMMU/ SRINAGAR SRINAGAR SRINAGAR 1 29.4 30 -20 LEH (0) LEH () LEH () (MC) SRINAGAR (460) (460) (460) (456) Spituk (CT) JAMMU/ SRINAGAR SRINAGAR SRINAGAR 2 N.A 20 -10 LEH (0) LEH () LEH () SRINAGAR (460) (461) (461) (457) Chuglamsar JAMMU/ SRINAGAR SRINAGAR SRINAGAR 3 N.A 20 -10 LEH (0) LEH () LEH () (CT) SRINAGAR (460) (462) (462) (458) 222 Statement - III

Civic and Other Amenities, 2009 System of drainage Number of latrines

Road Flush/Pour Sr. Name of length Both -Open Open Closed Pit Flush Other No. Town (in & Closed Nil Service (OD) (CD) System (Water s kms.) (BD) borne)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Leh Ladakh 1 13 ------Nil 8 4000 0 0 (MC) 2 Spituk (CT) 2 ------Nil 0 121 0 0

Chuglamsar 3 1 ------Nil 0 135 0 0 (CT)

Civic and Other Amenities, 2009 (Contd.)…. Electrification (Number of Protected water supply connections) System of Sr. storage with Fire fighting Name of Town No. Source of supply capacity in service*

(Codes) @ kilo litres

(along with Codes) @ Domestic Industrial Commercial Road lighting (points) Others 1 2 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 275 1 Leh Ladakh (MC) SR,BWP HP(22000),S() Yes 3694 85 110 390 0 2 Spituk (CT) SR,SR TT(),HP() No,LEH(5) 664 0 0 0 0

3 Chuglamsar (CT) SR,SR TT(),HP() No,LEH(5) 1762 0 0 0 0

*In case this service is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

@Two major source only S:Spring Abbreviation TK/P/L:Tank/Pond/Lake TT: Tap water from treated source O:Others TU:Tap water from un-treated source OHT:Over head Tank CW: Covered well SR:Service Reservoir UW: Un-covered well RIG:River Infiltration Gallery HP:Hand pump BWP:Bore Well Pumping system TW/B:Tubewell /Borehole PT:Pressure Tank RW:Rainwater N\A,NA,N.A.: Not Avialable

223 Statememt -IV Medical Facilities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town No. of Medical facilities* (with number of beds in brackets) Charitable Medicine No. Hospitals Dispensarie Family Maternit Maternity T.B.Hospital Nursing Veterinary Mobile Others Hospital/ Shop (Allopathi s / Health Welfare y and Homes / Clinic Homes Hospital Health etc. Nursing Home (Numbers) c & Center Center Child Clinic (Numbers) Others) Welfare Center 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 Leh Ladakh (MC) 2(210) 1(8) 6(6) 22 Kms. 1(8) 17 Kms. 10 Kms. 11 Kms. 7 Kms. 5(12) 0 0 2 Spituk (CT) 8 Kms. 1(12) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 1(0) 8 Kms. 8 Kms. 0 0 3 Chuglamsar (CT) 5 Kms. 1(4) 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 5 Kms. 0 0

*If a medical facility is not available in the town,nearest place distance from the town where facility is available has been given *N.A.:Not Available

224 Statement - V

Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Sr. Name of Town Number of Educational Facilities* No Primary Middle Secondry Senior Arts/ Science/ Medical colleges Engineering Management Polytechnics Recognised . school school school Secondry Commerce colleges Institute/ colleges Shorthand, school colleges (of degree Typewriting level and above) and vocational training institutions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1 Leh Ladakh (MC) 9 9 8 8 SRINAGAR (445) SRINAGAR (460) SRINAGAR (460) SRINAGAR (460) SRINAGAR (460) 1

2 Spituk (CT) 3 1 LEH(8) LEH(8) SRINAGAR (450) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(8)

3 Chuglamsar (CT) 1 3 3 1 SRINAGAR (455) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(5) Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 2009 Sl. No. Number of Educational Facilities* (Contd.) Number of Social, Recreational and Cultural facilities Non-formal Education Special School for Others Working women's No. of Old Age Stadium Cinema Theatre Auditorium/ Public Reading rooms Center (Sarva Shiksha Disabled hostles Home Community halls libraries Abhiyan Center) 1 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 2 SRINAGAR (17) SRINAGAR(17) SRINAGAR (460) SRINAGAR (57) 2 SRINAGAR(450) 1 1 1

2 LEH(8) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(8) SRINAGAR (455) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(8) SRINAGAR(455) LEH(8) LEH(8) LEH(8)

3 LEH(5) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(5) SRINAGAR (424) SRINAGAR (424) LEH(5) SRINAGAR(460) LEH(5) LEH(5) LEH(5)

*If an educational facilitiy is not available in the town, the name of the nearest place and its distance from the town where facility is available has been given

STATEMENT - VI

Industry and Banking, 2009 225 Sr. Name of Town Names of three most important commodities Number of Number of Number of banks No. manufactured agricultural non- 1st 2nd 3rd Nationalised Private Co-operative credit societies agricultural Bank Commercial Bank credit societies Bank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 Leh Ladakh (MC) PASHMINA SHAWL KANGRI WOOLEN CLOTHS 3 1 1 0 0 2 Spituk (CT) NIL NIL NIL 1 1 1 1 1 3 Chuglamsar (CT) NIL NIL NIL 1 1 1 1 1

Statement - VII

Civic and other amenities in Slums, 2009 (Contd.)…. Sr.No Class and name of town Name of the Is it No. of Population of the Paved roads (in System of drainage . slum notified households Slum kms.) Both (Open Open Closed Nil & Closed) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1 IV,Leh Ladakh (MC) NA No 1787 7763 2 0 CD 0 0

Civic and other amenities in Slums, 2009 (Contd.)…. Private Communit No. of tap points/ public hydrants Electricity (Number of connections)

226 Pit Flush/ Pour Flush Service Others y installed for supply of protected water Domestic Road lighting Others System (Water borne) (points)

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Appendix to Town Directory

Towns showing their Outhgrowth with population

Sl. Name of Population Name of Outgrowth Population No. Town with of Core of Location Town Outgrowt Code h 1 2 3 4 5

Nil

227