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Large Gem Topaz Crystal Discovery

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Large Gem Topaz Crystal Discovery Vol. 29 February 1983 No. 1 LARGE GEM TOPAZ CRYSTAL DISCOVERY Wm. F. Giannini and D. Allen Penick, Jr. A large topaz crystal was found in Vir- and 0.38 mile along a woods road north of ginia, Septen-kr 14, 1982 (Figure 1). The State Route 716 (Figure 2). crystal, believed to be the largest gem The 8.9-pound crystal measures 10.9 quality topaz crystal found in North inches long by 3.5 inches thick and has a Amrica, was discovered by veteran mineral virtually flawless, transparent, colorless collector, Peter McCrery of Richmmd, Vir- interior. It is terminated on one end and ginia. This magnificent mineral specimen broken along a basal cleavage plane on the was found in the dump of the Herbb No. 2 other. The crystal contains two small liquid mica mine in -tan County. The mine, lo- inclusions that are probably carbon dioxide cated on the Fine Creek Mills 7.5-minute based on previous studies of inclusions in quadrangle, is 23.95 miles by road west of topaz (Schlegel, 1957). Richmnd, 3.95 miles northeast of Flat Rock Subsequent finds at the Herbb No. 2 by N HERBB N0.2 8 MINE Figure 1. Gem quality topaz crystal weighing 8.9 pounds discovered Sept. 14, 1982, at the Herbb No. 2 Figure 2. Location map of the Herbb No. 2 mine; Pm- mica mine, Pahatan County, Virginia. hatan Cmty. VIRGINIA DIVISION OF M3CNERAL RESCUE3 Vol. 29 VERTICAL SECTION AA' VERTICAL SECTION 00' VERTICAL SECTION CC' Pegmatite rich in coarse microcline; a Beryl concentration upper pattern for buff-colored, Injected biotite gneiss Ifj Pegmatite rich in cleavelondite ..-:; - Contact, showing dip (partly kaolinized) Contact between pegmatite units I':.'.I Pegmatite rich in masslve albite and kaolin - Edge of pit Massive quartz 4 Strike and dip Of foliation Scrap mica Concentration 0 50 Feel Mapped March 1944, revised August 1944 and March 1945 Figure 3. Geologic map and sections of the Herbb No. 2 mine, Pahatan County. Discovery site of 8.9-pound gem topaz is indicated by star. (Mified after Brawn, 1962). Peter mery and an owner of the mine, long, strikes N. 20' E., dips steeply east- Donald Richardson, include three large pieces ward and plunges southward (Figure 3). of clear, gamy, colorless to pale blue Cuartz, beryl, topaz, cleavelandite albite, topaz crystal weighing up to one pound that tantalite-columbite, muscovite, spessartite were broken from the 8.9-pound topaz and gamet, plagioclase feldspar weathered to more than 60 small pieces of transparent, kaolin, blue-green (amazonitel and buff to colorless, gem quality topaz believed to be pink perthite and biotite have been reported parks derived frm the larger crystal. The from this pegmatite (Brown, 1962; Dietrich, original crystal probably weighed around 12 1970; Griffitts and others, 1953; also note pounds (Pettinger, 1982) . They have also news release at the end of this publica- collected numerous crystals of tantalum min- tion) . While mining the pegmatite in 1944, erals from the dump and frm the undisturbed Carl Fleming recavered a broken beryl crys- pqmtite. Tbm major mining cc~npanies have tal about 5 feet long and 27 inches thick expressed an interest in the deposit because and part of another, weighing approximately of the presence of these minerals. 300 pounds and measuring 14 inches by 20 The pgmatite body at the Herbb No. 2 mine inches (Brcwn, 1962). This specimen is was explored and briefly worked in 1944 by presently on display at the Virginia Divi- Carl Fleming of Colonial Hmss, Inc. , Rich- sion of Mineral Resources, Charlottesville, mond, Virginia. The deposit, very similar Virginia (Figure 4) . to the famxls Rutherford and Wrefield peg- The Fwhatan Land Company owns approxi- matite~near Amelia, Virginia, has a maxi- mately 170 acres containing the Herbb No. 2 nun thickness of 40 feet and is 240 feet mine. Donald Richardson, a ccanpany offi- COAL SEMINAR HELD In 1980 mdsto 1.43 billion dollars worth of coal was produced in Virginia, rraking coal by far the mst valuable mineral resource produced in Virginia. Extensive coal reserves remain in the 75 or mre coal beds that either crop out in valleys or on hillsides or which are present in the sub- surface. A seminar was held on Novhr 10, 1982, dealing with developmnts in coal in Virginia during the past year. The met- ing was held on the Virginia Polytechnic In- stitute and State University (VPI&SU)campus Figure 4. Beryl crystal discovered by Carl Fleming at in Blacksburg, Virginia. One hundred nine- the Herbb No. 2 mine. The 300-pound speck is pres- teen people interested and/or involved in ently on display at the Virginia Division of Mineral Resources, (5arlottesville, Virginia. Virginia coal registered. Additionally, there were at least ten newspaper reporters cial, should be contacted by persons desir- and television crew nvrnbers on hand during ous of additional information concerning the much of the day. The seminar was sponsored gemny topaz crystal and the pegmatite, or by the Virginia Division of Mineral Resour- who wish to visit the Herbb No. 2 mine. His ces (VDMR) in Charlottesville and co-spon- mailing address is Route 5, Box 178, Pcwha- sored by the Virginia Center for Coal and tan, Virginia, 23139, and his phone n-r Energy Research (VCCER) in Blacksburg and is (804) 598-4031. The mention of the Herbb and the Virginia Coal Council (VCC) of Rich- No. 2 mine in this report does not give one lands, Virginia. permission to enter and collect without per- The seminar was called to order at 8: 30 mission of the cwner. It should be stressed a.m. in the Donaldson Brm Center for Con- that before attempting to collect any mate- tinuing Education at VPI&SU by D.P. Roselle, rials on private property, an individual Dean of Research and Graduate Studies. He should make himself knm to the owner and listed the several institutes that are in- obtain permission. Entering private proper- volved in coal-related studies and which ty without permission violates trespass laws support the Virginia Center for Coal and and is punishable under law. Energy Research. These include the Mining We wish to ackncwledge the follawing per- and Mineral Resources Research Institute, sons for their assistance prior to and dur- the Coal Institute, the Energy Institute, ing preparation of this article: Haward and the Extension and Information Institute. Freeland (photographs) , Peter McCrery , and R. e. Milici, State Geologist for Vir- Donald Richardson. ginia, reviewed coal research projects being carried on by the Virginia Division of Min- eral Resources (VDMR). These include a thorough sampling program of coal beds in Virginia, the mapping of 7.5-ininute quad- REFERENCES rangles in southwestern Virginia, drilling to study munts of mthane gas associated Brawn, W. R., 1962, Mica and feldspar depos- with coal beds, a survey of the nature and its of Virginia: Virginia Div. Mineral extent of southwestern Virginia coal resour- Resources, Mineral Resources Rept. 3. ces, and re-evaluation of the Valley coal fields in the Blacksburg area. Dietrich, R. V., 1970, Minerals of Virginia:, J. A. Henderson, geologist in charge of Virginia Polytech. Institute Research Di- the VDMR coal program, sumnarized recent vision Bull. 47. coal reserves and production figures in the southwestern part of Virginia. He described Pettinger, B., 1982, Spanning the Jams: areas of past production, namly the Valley Richnmnd Ths-Dispatch, Sunday, kt. 3, fields in Montgcmry County and the Triassic 1982, page H-4. basin in the Richmd area. He noted that all of Virginia production is now fmthe Schlegel, D. M., 1957, Gem stones of the Southwestem Virginia fields, including part United States: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. or all of Buchanan, Tazewell, Dickenson, 1042-G. R~~ssell,Scott, Lee, and Wise counties. 4 VIRGINIA DMSION OF I!lDEmL RESouRCES Vol. 29 Ms. M. D. Carter, mnager of the National liminary feasibility of coal-slurry pipe- Coal Resources Data System (NCRDS) and Coal lines in Virginia. Yucel concluded "that caarmoaity Geologist for the U. S. Geological there are no extraordinary technical or en- Survey, described the requirerents and uses viromental problems associated with the of NCRDS which "provides on-line access to a concerned Virginia coal slurry pipeline. camnon data base containing location, quan- other PWxS presented in the afternoon tity, and physical and chemical character- included one by G.P. Wilkes, geologist, VDMR istics of coal and coal-related rocks. on the geologic setting and coal resources Areal data files contain published coal re- of the Ricbnd Triassic basin. He went on source and chemical data on an areal basis, to note that recoverable mthane in the such as state, county, township, or coal Ricbnd basin may be as high as 350 billion field. Point source data files (e.g., field cubic feet, enough to supply Richmndlsgas observations, drill-hole logs) include geo- needs for many years to came. WiUcesls pa- detic location (latitude/longitude); bed per was follaed by one by Ms. s. Wingfield thickness; thickness of overburden; mis- of the U. S. Dept. of Cmmrce who empha- ture; ash; sulfur; major-, minor, and trace- sized "a side of coal not normally covered elanent content; heat valhe; and character- in traditional presentations on coal or its istics of overburden, roof, and floor rocks. marketing: The effects of chemistry of coal N(3RD5 graphics programs manipulate the point on boiler design and operation." source data to produce coal-resources maps Sarne papers dealt with research. D. S. and coal-developnent-potential maps. " Walia of the United Coal Ccanpany described Substituting for J. Medlin, Chief of the the UCC1s research on combustion of a coal- USGS Branch of Coal Resources, Carter refer- water mixture.
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