, M. McRae Federal, Alta.

45 : 374/27

OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA THE ALBERTA WHEAT POOL AND OTHER PROVINCIAL MARKETING POOLS

Vol. VII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, MAY 15th, 1928 No. 14

Official News from the Alberta Wheat Pool

Elevator Building Program

The Forthcoming Sessions of Go-opefative Institute

Applications Must Be In By June First

Parliament Inquires Into Immigration By W. T. LUCAS, M.P.

The Attempt to Discredit PubKc Ownership By ''LEE VINCENT'

A Visit to the Royal Mint at Ottawa By H. ZELLA SPENCER

Comparative Statement of Business, Calgary and Edmonton Stock Yards

Alberta Livestock Pool Section 2 (380) THE U. F. A. May 16th, IVM

Here Is a New DELCO-LIGHT THAT DOES MORE Combines New Features that Enable It to Do the Work of Larger Plants at Less Cost

ADVANTAGES OF GENERAL MOTORS AUTOMATIC and BATTERY SERVICE SYSTEMS COMBINED

With seven or eight electric lamps in use, the necessary cur- rent comes right from the bat- AUTOMATIC THROTTLE REGULATES tery, saving engine operation ENGINE TO MEET CURRENT and fuel. The instant a heavier DEMANDS current consumption is demand- ed, however, the engine starts This new Delco-Light is al- automatically. And not only most uncanny in its operation. An automatic throttle speeds does it generate current to carry or slows the machine to keep this heavier load, but it supplies pace with current demands. sufficient surplus to- recharge the An automatic choke makes battery also! Thus only a small No More Hand starting certain even in cold battery is needed. And even this — Pumping! battery lasts longer. weather. Automatic Pilot See how the apptaranct Balls found in no other farm of the kitchen is im- — proved when Delco- electric plant — show at a Light brings nickel faucets and running glance the condition of your water to lake the place battery. of pumps and buckets. And think of the ycstly greater convenience as well!

GET THE FACTS Light that is so far in advance REGARDING DELCO- of accepted standards in farm LIGHT NOW! lighting plants. Write or call on the nearest Delco-Light Remember that skilled scien- Dealer and ask for facts and tists, eminent electrical engi- figures. Get particulars of See the Difference neers and over 300,000 users the wide range of other mod- Delco-Light Makes! have proved the outstanding els from which you can choose, Here are two actual photographs that show how clean, merits and sound investment prices of which are surprising- bright Delco-Light transforms the farm home. Danger- ous, smelly lamps vanish. The whoU room is flooded values of Delco-Light. See ly low. Or send for big, new with clean, tafe ettttric light. the new Combination Delco- booklet and full information. DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY Subsidiary of General Motors Corporation Toronto, Hamilton, London, Montreal, Halifax, St. John, Winnipeg SALES AND SERVICE BRANCHES THROUGHOUT CANADA Distributors for Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia BRUCE ROBINSON ELECTRIC LIMITED Regina, Saskatoon, Moose Jaw, Calgary, Edmonton, Victoria, Vancouver

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SUBSCaiPTIONS ADVERTISING One Year $3.00 Commercial Display 35o per agate line ($4.90 per inch) Single Copie* 10 oenta Livestock Display (rates on application) Make remittanceB by money order or postal Classified 5c per word prepaid cannot accept responsibility for cur- note. We Published on the 1st and 16th ol each month bj rency forwarded through the mail. No discount for time or space THE UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA copy must reach us 8 days in advanoti Change of Addreaa—When ordering a change Longheed Building New publication to insure insertion. of address, the former as well as the present CALOART - ALBERTA of address should be given; otherwise the altera- Official Organ of No advertisements taken for liquor, or specu- tion cannot be made. THE ALBERTA WHEAT POOL lative investment schemes. None other than CmCULATION THE ALBERTA LIVESTOCK POOL reliable advertisements will be knowingly accepted. THE ALBERTA DAIRY POOL Readers will confer a favor by advising us promptly Average Net paid circulation, six months THE ALBERTA EGO AND POULTRY POOL of unsatisfactory dealings "with advertisers. ending May 1st, 1928 45,989 Editor ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE W. NORMAN SMITH C. A. a. B. O. H. 3CHOLEFIELD, J. JESSE STRAMQ V7. KERR, M. TURNER

Vol. VII. CALGARY, ALBERTA, MAY 15th, 1928 No. 14

Principal Contents Page shall attend the sessions of the Alberta Institute of Editorial 3 Agriculture, to be held from June 25th to 29th. News of the Organization 4 The creation of the Institute is the direct outcome of a U.F.A. Sunday, June 17th 4 Resist Application for Higher Express Rates 4 resolution passed by the Annual Convention of the What Shall we Teach in Our High Schools? 5 U.F.A. in January last, on the recommendation of the The Attempt to Discredit Public Ownership 8 U.F.A. Central Board, and moved by J. K. Sutherland, Inquires into Immigration Question.. .. 9 Parliament of Hanna. The Convention resolution was in the follow- Member for Battle River on National Problems.. 10 News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office 12 ing terms: E. R. Briggs Becomes Assistant Pool Secretary 13 Whereas, it is essential that an educational campaign Wheat Pool Elevator Building Program 13 be carried on for a considerable time in connection New Saskatchewan Pool Terminal 14 with co-operative marketing, and What Makes the Wild West Wild (cartoon) 14 Alberta Wheat Pool's Vancouver Terminal 15 Whereas, to get the best results, the services of Correspondence 16 experts in this work should be obtained, and Interests of the United Farm Women 20 Some Points in Parliamentary Procedure 20 Whereas, to make this practical some form of Activities of the U.F.W\A 20 Co-operative Institute should be formed; Visit to the Royal at Ottawa 22 A Mint Therefore, be it resolved, that we request the Seasonable Recipes 24 Provincial The U.F.A. Pattern Department 24 Government to take steps towards the U.F.A. Junior Activities 26 setting up of a Co-operative Institute. Sessions op Institute not "Highbrow" 31 News from Head Office of Alberta Livestock Pool 32 An outline of the plans for the Institute meetings in June was published in our last issue, . and further Comparative Statement of Business on Stockyards . 32 par- Junior Conference Fund 38 ticulars are given on pages 30 and 31 of the current num- ber and elsewhere. Application forms appear on page 31, and should be filled in at once and forwarded to the EDITORIAL registrar by those who wish to attend. Attention is drawn to the fact all * that applications must be in the THE JUNIOR CONFERENCE hands of the Registrar by June 1st, so that little time now remains during which to claim the right to attend By the time that our next issues reaches the hands of the sessions, and to take advantage of the contribution our readers, farm young people in all parts of the Prov- of $5,000 which is being made from the Canada Wheat ince will be preparing to leave their homes to attend the Board Surplus Funds towards the travelling expenses Tenth Annual Conference for Farm Young People and of members of the Institute. the Annual Meeting of the U.F.A. Juniors. There While applications are to be made by individuals seems to be every prospect that the Juniors' Annual rather than Locals, and there is no restriction of the Meeting this year will surpass in importance and in number that may be sent in from any district, it has interest any of its predecessors. It has become one of been suggested that every Local should nominate one the major items in the U.F.A. calendar. member to act in the capacity of its representative at The Junior branch is the training ground upon which the Institute, and to report back to the Local. the future membership of the senior association is being * * * prepared to take over the serious responsibility of per- petuating and carrying to new triumphs the principles No farmer, farm woman or junior need be deterred for which the organized farmers stand. During [the from attending the sessions of the Institute by any fear present year there has been to date an increase in that the addresses will be "academic" in character. the membership of this branch of the organization. We understand that arrangements are being made to Its continued expansion and the development in the provide a program which will be eminently practical. minds of the young people [of an appreciation of the It will not be in the nature of a "junior university course." spiritual and practical aspects of the U.F.A. movement No one need fear that lack of preliminary training will will be the best assurance of the permanence of our prevent his or her taking advantage of the sessions. organization. Funds from the Wheat Board Surplus are being placed at the disposal of the Institute by the Govern- ment, and while THE ALBERTA CO-OPERATIVE the University has been chosen as the INSTITUTE most convenient place at which to hold the meeting, It is the desire of the U.F.A. Executive that all mem- arrangements are in the hands of an Executive which is bers of the Association who may find it possible to do so preponderantly representative of the voluntary co-opera- rCnntinund on pase 7) THE U. F. A. May 16tb, 1928 NEWS OF THE ORGANIZATION Activities of Locals and District Associations and Information from Central Office —Notes on Co-operation

AT BALLATEUR LOCAL that steps be taken to bring about the At the last meeting of Ballateur U.F. A. U.F.A, SUNDAY, JUNE 17th handling of all farm produce from the Local, E. Cloutier resigned as president, U.F.A. Sunday will be celebrated farm to the consumer as soon as prac- and was later elected as secretary of the on June 17th this year. Many ticable. Local. O. Boisvert is the new president. Locals hold special meetings, either in conjunction with the regular HORSE HILLS GOING STRONG NEW LOCAL, DELIA DISTRICT church services or separately, with Since the first of the year Horse Hills special addresses on the religious The Majestic-Springwatcr U.F.A. Local L^.F.A. Local has been going strong. A significance of the in the Delia district, has been organized U.F.A. move- program of debates, begun at the annual recently, with A. G. McKay and George ment and kindred subjects. In meeting in January with the subject, Beaton as president and secretary re- some districts a big community "Resolved that a single man has a better gathering is bring- spectively. arranged, people opportunity on a farm than a married ing picnic lunches, and holding an man," has proved a great success. open-air meeting with to HELP VICTIMS OF FIRE a band "Since January we held social evenings The dance held by Atkinson U.F.A- lead the community singing. every Friday night," writes Louis Stick- Office Local on April 13th was a huge successt Central has available some ney, secretary. "This also has proved reports G. W. Simpson secretary. A literature on the subject, which such a splendid success that we found the large crowd attended and a considerable would possibly be of assistance to schoolhouse accommodation altogether those this sum was realized, and later forwarded to a preparing addresses for too small, and we have decided to erect a family in the district who had lost their occasion. community hall this summer, which we home by fire. expect to have completed for our annual sports day some time in July. HOLD SUCCESSFUL DANCE report, which contains a number of illus- "This Local does considerable co-opera- trations and a mass of information regard- tive buying, and this year we have made Donnelly Heights U.F.A. Local held a ing the character of the land. splendid arrangements to buy harness and very successful dance, from the adver- ail leather goods, automobile tires and tising and financial end, reports J. Mc- accessories, oils^ etc., at a great reduc- Guire, secretary, who writes: "Credit WANT CONTINUOUS CONTRACT tion from retail price. This saves the is due K. Nelson and his committee for On the ground that "there is great members as a whole hundreds of dollars. the fine way they put it across. We expense incurred in canvassing, etc., in Our district is 98 per cent Wheat Pool." realized $56 clear." securing the renewal of the Wheat Pool contracts," Lone Ridge U.F.A. Local, at o GREEN GROVE ACTIVITIES a recent meeting, adopted a resolution asking that the contract be "made con- Meetings of Green Grove U.F.A. Local tinuous, subject to a six months' notice Resist Application are very interesting and energetic^ writes of withdrawal every five years." Mrs. F. Giles, secretary. "During the This Local also asked "that the Wheat for Heavy Increase winter we held a basket social, also a pie Pool Executive consider the feasibility of social and dance which rendered great in Rtrtes making a larger initial payment on wheat on Express help to the Local. We have Sam Webb deUvered to the Pool." This was sug- as president and Geo. MacMorran as gested on the ground that "some farmers U.F.A. Takes Steps to Oppose Increase- vice-president. We have 26 members and 10 refuse to sign the contract because the Companies Ask and 15 Per Cent are hoping for more to follow." Advances initial payment is not larger," and that "the Wheat Pool can secure a lower rate APPLE SOCIAL AND DANCE Preparations to resist an application of interest on borrowed than the " money Members and guests of Magloire farmer." filed by the Express Companies, asking at an for of per cent on second Local were pleasantly entertained Another Lone Ridge resolution urges an increase 15 apple social and dance on two occasions." class rates and 10 per cent on commodity writes a member of the Local. "Much rates, are being made in behalf of the credit is due to our secretary, Simeon U.F.A., following upon receipt last week the amusement committee; CALGARY LOCAL TO SEND at the U.F.A. Central Office from the Babineau, and TO INSTITUTE also to President and Mrs. Alex. Hachey, MEMBER Railway Commission of notice of this whose untiring efforts made the program Expressing approval of the setting application. entertaining and a huge success finan- up of the Alberta Institute of Agri- It will be remembered that an applica- cially." culture, and of the plans made for tion of an almost precisely similar char- the June meeting, the Calgary acter was made in 1923, and that the BELIEVE IN "COME BACK" SYSTEM U.F.A. Local, at a meeting on U.F.A,, in behalf of the organized farm- ers of the Province, then took steps to "We have been dried out a number of May 12th, 'decided to circularize resist the application. The Alberta Gov- Charles E. Ross, secretary all members of the Local, advising times," writes ernment, and various other Provincial Pearsonville U.F.A. Local, "and so them to attend if possible. This of Governments, and the Canadian Council has our Local; but we are firm believers decision followed an interesting and of Agriculture, were represented at the in the come-back system, and we are informative address on the objects hearings, and strongly opposed the sug- on deck again this year, ten strong with and aims of the Institute, and the gested increase. At that time the Rail- only three more to hear from. F. W. program arranged, by H. E. G. H. Scholefield, Vice-President of way Commission was deeply engrossed Redman is our president and W. S. Henry the in the freight rates problem, and their our vice-president. There are a number Association and a member of the Institute Executive. decision was held over. Owing to cer- of our old time members all over the R. O. Ger- tain changes and the lapse of time, the Province who might like to see that we man, another member of the Insti- Board does not feel justified in giving a are alive again." tute Executive, also spoke briefly the record as it stands. on the subject. While all members decision on traffic on which the increases in who may find it practicable to at- The SOUNDING CREEK SOIL SURVEY asked, includes milk and cream tend are urged to do so, the Local rates are A soil .survey of the Sounding Creek butter, eggs, vegetables, seeds and also decided to appoint one of its and district has recently been completed and members as the Local's represen- seed grain, and other products in which a report has been published by F. A. tative at the Institute meetings. the primary producers are deeply in- Wyatt and J. D. Newton, of the Univer- He will be expected to report back tere sted sity of Alberta. This district comprises H.,E.'G. H. Scholefield, Vice-President, to a full meeting of the Local on all of townships 25 to 32, inclusive, in the sessions to be held at Edmonton. has written the Alberta Government ranges 1 to 15, inclusive, west of the authorities with reference to the Express E. R. Briggs, president, was in the 4th meridian a total of 120 townships, — chair. Companies' application. Submissions or 2,764,800 acres. A large, detailed must be filed with the Railway Commis- map of the district is included with the sion on or before June 15th. May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (389) 5

high school work today who will enter What Shall We Teach in Our High such professions and so many who will go out into other walks of life where a knowledge of Latin for instance is of Schools? little use, that we should like to see the study of language considered as a part The Necessity for the Development of "General" Intelligence. of a highly specialized course and allow the rank and file of our students to leave By I. V. Macklin, U.F.A. Director for Peace River it strictly alone, especially in high school. We might make the same plea also for On behalf of the youth of Alberta, two But what of our high school course? the University, because we hope that of I especially interested in, It used to be that a public school educa- whom am an increasing number of our youth whose I ask for a little space in paper. tion the or girl your was good enough for boy ambition may be to follow the common who did not intend to take up a pro- Of the many things which the human walks of life will take a University course fession. Is it so today? think not. race has learned since the cave man left We in the years to come. the cave with a club on his shoulder, we Those who do not take up a profession Now since it has fallen to the lot of the feel that we should select those which form between 90 and 100 percent of the common people of this Province to direct will be most useful to in after population of our country; each of their our youth the political affairs thereof, and since votes is as important as that of any life. "Teach me to live," says the poet, they are taking an ever increasing share and we echo that cry. It requires other citizen. An unintelligent democracy a in the direction of our economic affairs higher degree of intellegence to run a has been weighed in the balance and found also, the question arises, shall we develop modern farm with its harvester wanting. The fate of democracy in Italy combine our youth in the ability to memorize by and Delco light plant it did to and Spain would indicate that we must than run forcing them to cram down booksful of a farm when the scythe cradle not take the liberties for granted which and were foreign words and phrases, or shall we in use. It requires greater training we now enjoy. It would remind us that to strive to develop, especially in high run a modern factory or business in- if our mass intelligence is not capable school, their ability to reason intelli- stitution with its world of rightly using those liberties, there wide ramifica- gently, and pass a well balanced decision tions than it did for the craftsman of is still the possiblity of us losing them on the merits of this or that course of long ago to construct his instead of continually gaining greater wares in his action? own workshop and exchange them for liberties as we might hope. Suggestions goods he needed from his neighbors. A few generations ago in England the A Few child who went to school at all was headed Suppose that we endeavor to give our Age of Specialization for a profession. The common people got youth an intelligent understanding of Modern civilization is very dependent practically no education. Consequently the aims and ideals of our leaders in on the ability of its units to communicate the study of languages other than Eng- economic life and ask them to compare their ideas accurately to one another lish was carried on in public school. the competitive system with the co- without personal contact and so we must As more and more of the common people operative system, as it affects th>: pro- be able to write and read. Since we have took the public school course, that course blem of war. Suppose we ask them to ceased, each to hunt for himself the was altered to suit the common need d'scuss in detail the weaknesses and the animal which is needed for food and take and the study of other languages was strong points of public ownership of its skin for clothing, we have become curtailed. public utilities as compared with com- a race of specialists and in order that we pany ownership and control of same. Few Will Enter Professions may accurately and equitably calculate Suppose we ask our students to examine and exchange the product of our efforts Now while we do not wish to argue the possibilities of the co-operation of the with one another we must know some against the desirability of language various economic groups of people within arithmetic. Consequently the study of study for those who are headed for a a Province to govern the whole, and writing, reading and arithmetic rightly professional life, such as a doctor or point out any advantages or disad- makes up a large part of our public druggist, we realize that there are so vantages it might have as compared to the - school work. few of the boys and girls who are taking political party system. We ask again

Alberta Pool Terminal Elevator

Now in process of construction at Vancouver. B.C. Capacity 2,500,000 bushes. —— — — ;

0 (390) THE U. F. A. Msy 16th, 1928

leaving the discussion of technic*!, voca- very high marks in languages and very "Even At You and T' tional or professional training aside, shall low marks in history and literature, and we seek to develop in our youth an in- we think that a greater knowledge of life (With apologies to Kipling.) sight into and an understanding of the as it is today and less memorizing of the A farmer there was, who'd been raising economic and political life of our country jargon of past ages would be beneficial. wheat. and an inkling of the aims and ideals We also think that as her feet travel Even as you and I, of the leaders thereof? Or shall we along "the slippery paths of youth," she Who sometimes hadn't enough to eat, have our boys and girls study Latin and would travel in greater safety if she And it seemed he could never make both get their political ideals from the news- possessed a fuller knowledge of the ends meet; papers? noblest thought embodied in the litera- If his hands kept warm, then he frose hi* We hope that our youth will not be ture of our own race. Sufficient time for feet, called upon to pass through the bitter such knowledge is not possible when so Even as you and I. experience of the "after the war years" much of it is taken up with the study which drove the present agriculturist of languages other than our own. Oh! the way he slaved and skimped and to co-operate. Living in prosperity and Why not spend more time in the study saved lacking the driving force of that experience, of great thoughts and ideas and less in As he strove success to win, will our children co-operate in the future studying how various peoples express And watched his wife just wither away without having in their minds the power those thoughts? With the brutal toil she'd to do each day, of the ideals of the movement, or will While he would peddle his cream away they let their inheritance "perish through o And feed his children the skim. lack of knowledge?" A MODERN FALLACY But he wouldn't join the U.P.A., Need For "General Intelligence" "There is another fallacy. . It Even as you and I. the development Democracy demands is the notion that because, on the whole, Said two bits a month was too much to of general intelligence. It demands that animals and plants have advanced in pay to our youth should become accustomed perfection and organization by means of To keep lots of grafters rolling in hay. feeling at speaking in i)ublic and home the struggle for existence and the con- And you bet, he wasn't that kind of a jay; their feet." Such and able to "think on sequent 'survival of the fittest,' therefore Even as you and I. ability comes through practice, and we men in society, men as ethical beings, feel that this practice should be made must look to the same process to help He was one of those guys so infernally possible in their regular course instead them towards perfection. I suspect that wise. of being left entirely to the literary this fallacy has arisen out of the unfor- He'd admit he was nobody's fool. society. tunate ambiguity of the phrase 'survival When he sold his wheat on track or od wish In the study of history we would of the fittest'." —Thomas Henry Huxley. street; that our children could be taught not He'd give you the news if you chanced to only who were the most successful o meet warriors of the past, but regarding the WARi That once again he'd the market beat, march of mankind from the ancient cave DISARMAMENT— OR And he had no use for the Pool. to the modern home. We would like our "Under the Treaty (of Versailles) children to know something of the story Germany was compelled to disarm. But He had seen Mr. Wood in a new felt hat, of the lives of those whose contributions the very clause which imposed disarma- Even as you and I. to the sum total of human welfare made ment on Germany imposed upon the Allies And he'd talk right up and tell you flat that advance possible. We would like a moral obligation to limit their arma- That he wasn't a guy that would fall for to teach them the glory of giving as well ments. For it runs: 'In order to render that, as of getting. We would like to bring possible the initiation of a general limita- And on him no grafter would ever get fat. them to the point when they would say: tion of the armaments of all nations, Even as you and I. "I have received and do now enjoy the Germany undertakes strictly to observe liberties which past pioneers have, some- the military, naval and air clauses which And only a fool would join the Pool. times at great cost to themselves, con- follow'. General Bliss, one of the Ameri- He knew, for he knew it all. tributed. What therefore can I con- can representatfves, regarded this obliga- We were paying officials such big pay tribute to my day and generation?" tion as one of the most important pro- That they'd be buying us out some day. in treaty. ' In all good faith We are especially interested in the visions the Oh! they'd give us the double cross some honor,' said, 'these nations) young lady in high school who is taking and he (27 way. have pledged themselves to initiate as We were heading straight for a fall. soon as practicable a general limitation of armaments after Germany has com- He'd work like h— from sun to sun. Elied with her first obligation.' Germany Even as you and I. The Song of the Plow as complied. But the other nations But when the day of election came. have not. They are more heavily armed He'd vote for no farming son-of-a-gun. It was I who raised from famine today than they were in 1914. Yet, He'd vote the way that his dad had done. All the hordes and tribes of Man; unless the Governments are forced to Even as you and I. I have never ceased nor faltered disarm, the peoples will certainly be it it isn't the Since the tilth of fields began. forced into war." —F. Seymour Cocks, a Now isn't the shame, nor Since the first poor crooked stick was British authority on Foreign Affairs. blame drawn That stings like a white hot brand. Across the wondering earth, It's the cursed foolishness of a jay ^ his crops away While upon the man who used it SNAPPY Who sees them stealing election day, All his tribesmen gazed in mirth; Afl an example of a smart retort ut- And votes for the same on But the wild seeds sprang in blossom tered on the spur of the moment to un- And will not understand. More abundant than before, mannerly interrupters, the following at last to his foolish hide, And the fool who toiled all summer would be hard to beat. He was skinned Had the wise man's winter store. At Edinburgh University recently Mr. Even as you and I. John Galsworthy, the well-known novel- They didn't take that, though they may tried: [t was I who built Chaldea ist, was about to deliver a lecture, and have And the cities of the plain* when introducing the speaker, the Prin- And the poor old fellow was thrown aside his I was Greece and Rome and Carthage cipal, Sir Alfred Ewing, described him His stomach lived on though head had And the opulence of Spain as "the champion of the under dog." died; When their courtiers walked in scarlet Immediately a loud barking noise broke Even as you and I. And their queens wore chains of gold. out in the gallery reserved for the students. he at And forgot 'twas I that made them, Sir Alfred looked angrily up at them But his day soon passed and died Growing godless folk and bold. for a moment. Then: "I said the under last; he never had seen the light. I wept over them in judgment. dog—not the top dogsl" he snapped. And And again my cornfields stood The Scotsman. He never learned, what the most of u« courts bowed homage know. Where their empty o In obsequious multitude. As through the struggle of life we go. For the nation that forgets me "Why do you call your chauffeur a And few there are who'll deny it's so In that hour her doom is sealed leaky vessel? Does he gossip about your That in unity there is might.— By a judgment as from heaven, affairs?" Sandy. That can never be repealed. " No, but I am always bailing the fellow (By Alex. (Sandy) Fraser, of Carman- — Harry Kemp in Farmem' Sun, Toronto. out." Exebange. gay U.F.A. Local, in Carmangay Sun.) THE U. F. A. (391) 7

EDITORIAL rest of the world are not merely preventing us from carrying on trade which would help very much to lift us out of (ContiDued from page 3) de- pression, but are one of the chief causes that prevent the tire bodies of the Province, it may be anticipated that the spread in Europe of an atmosphere of real and prolonged needs of the general membership of these bodies will be upper- peace." most in the minds of those who are responsible for the program in its various details. The Liberal report is underlined and strongly supported by * • * J. M. Keynes, formerly adviser to the British Treasury, and The principles of co-operative marketing and the principles one of the most distinguished of living economists, who is of consumer co-operation, both of which will be dealt with by today editor of the London Nation. Mr. Keynes is reported speakers at the meetings of the Co-operative Institute, are to have stated, a few weeks ago, that: simple. Every person engaged in productive industry has a "The lack of normal economic relations between England direct interest in the success and continued advancement of and the Soviet Russia was prejudicial to British export and the co-operative movement in all its forms. For it is mainly to the peaceful atmosphere of Europe. He further stated that through co-operation that the average man can be freed from the Liberal and Labor parties in Great Britain would take the the dominance of the few, and become, a free citizen and a first opportunity to re-establish normal relations with Soviet free producer in a community of freemen. Russia."

* * * In the London Sunday Times, of recent date, F. A. Mackenzie publishes a remarkable article urging a change in British policy The list of speakers who will address the Institute provides towards Russia. The Sunday Times is one of the strongly a key to the nature of the proceedings. Among the speakers Conservative London papers. It is supported by a Scottish from points outside the Province is Professor C. R. Fay, of paper, under the same ownership, the Daily Record and Herald the University of Toronto, whose address before the U.F.A. ' of Glasgow, which declares: Convention a few years ago was a memorable one. Professor Fay, who teaches economic history at the University of "It is time some effort was made to resume normal re- Toronto, has specialized for many years in the subject of lations with Russia." Co-operation. Before joining the staff of the University of To anyone who studies the responsible newspapers of the Toronto he lived in Lancashire, England, the county in which old country with care, it is a melancholy reflection that in the "Rochdale plan" of co-operation had its birth. He Canada, a Liberal Government under the Premiership of Mr. has written authoritative works on the history of the move- King, has a less enlightened conception of its duty to the cause ment in Europe and in North America and elsewhere. He is of international comity that the British Liberal party or the keenly interested in and well informed upon Western Canadian moderate section of the British Conservative press, and that an co-operators' problems. irnportant section of the Canadian press appears to be satisfied * « « with this unhappy situation. Albertans who will participate in the proceedings include • • • President H.W.Wood, Premier Brownlee, H. E. Spencer, M.P., Hon. George Hoadley, and Dr. D. A. McGibbon, of the But while our quotations from University of Alberta. Conservative and Liberal * * * sources reveal the extent to which the Canadian Government and of A U.F.A. DECISION WHICH MAKES FOR PEACE a portion our Canadian press lags behind representative British opinion, what chiefly concerns Alberta farmers When, after a thorough and highly informative discussion, is that the great British co-operative movement, inspired by similar the U.F.A. Annual Convention in January last passed by an ideals to our own, and imbued with a desire equal to our almost unanimous vote a resolution calling upon the Dominion own for peaceful policies, is in full accord with us upon this Government to enter into negotiations with a view to the question and undoubtedly would welcome our support. resumption of normal diplomatic and trade relations with The Canadian Co-operator for Russia, the organized farmers of this Province delivered a April quotes E. F. Wise C.B. formerly an important stroke against war, and in favor of international peace. Their official of the British Foreign Office' and a man whose opinion is resolution was in harmony with moderate opinion everywhere respected everywhere in the Co-operative world, who in the —among the most scrupulous and cautious of British Con- People's Year Book of 1928 published jointly servatives, among British Liberals, and among members of by the English and Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Societies, presents strong the British Labor party, and particularly was it in complete a case for the resumption of relations, while the harmony with the policy of British co-operators. We there- Cheltenham Congress of the British Co-operative Movement, fore note with some surprise that the Edmonton Journal, a "which probably represented one- third of the people of the newspaper which is moderate in tone and as a rule not extreme United Kingdom" passed the follow- ing emergency resolution: in policy, should have seen fit in an editorial a few weeks ago to attack the Convention's decision. "That this Congress renews its greetings of friendship to That Alberta farmers and farm women, who desire peaceful Russian Co-operators, and urges all sections of the Co- operative relations with all other peoples, should go on record in favor Movement to maintain and develop trading re- lations of setting up the normal diplomatic machinery by which alone with the Russian Co-operative Movement, and to differences of opinion between one government and another work for the full renewal of peaceful relations with that coun- can be adjusted peacefully, was a clear revelation of their try," freedom from fear of the heresy hunting newspapers which are "That clear-cut pronouncement," as the Canadian Co- 80 numerous in this country. operator states, "no doubt . . . reflects the consensus of In the light of the Journal's recent dissent, it is interesting opinion throughout the co-operative world." to note that the position which The U.F.A. took up four months ago, is today the position of the most respectable portion of • • • the British Conservative press. The Spectator, of London, England, a paper which our British readers at least will know The organized farmers and the organized farm women of to be the most moderate and scrupulous of English Conserva- Alberta have many times gone on record in support of the tive weeklies, had this to say in a recent issue: cause of international peace. It is one of the most important Britain subjects "We think that should make a serious attempt to dealt with by the Association in the meetings of its re-establish diplomatic contact with Moscow for two rea- various branches. The breaking off of diplomatic relations sons. The first, and much the more important reason, however between governments is a threat to peace, even though hostili- dislike the fact, is that ties be avoided, we may European peace cannot be may and should never be resorted to if any the achieved without co-operation of Russia. . . . The means of escape be possible. In the case dealt with by the second reason why we advocate the resumption of diplo- U.F.A. Convention the countries concerned were Canada and matic relations with Russia is an economic one. This does Russia. They might have been Canada and any other not weigh so much with us, but it is important, nevertheless, country— Canada and Mexico, for instance, or Canada and especially when we have a million unemployed." Fascist Italy. The principle would have held good in these cases. To have peaceful relations it is not necessary that * * • we should agree about a form of government. Perhaps the most authoritative statement by the Brit- Since the U.F.A. is definitely and deeply committed to ish Liberal party on the Anglo-Russian relations during participation in the moulding of Federal policy through the the past year, is contained in the famous "Industrial Report" House of Commons, it was both proper and inevitable that prepared by a committee of experts and issued recently, to the Convention should go on record upon this important which the party is pledged. question. The action taken by the Convention in January "It is essential (states this report) to recognize that the was in harmony with enlightened opinion in Canada and present unsatisfactory relations between Russia and the throughout the world. 8 (392) THE U. F. A. May 15th, 1928

The Attempt to Discredit Public Ownership Daily Press Fails lo Protect Public Ownership Against d Powerful Assault— How the Power Company's Method (f\^ ^ of Financing Would Apply on the Farm. - \W "LEE VINCENT"

At the present time a concerted of the common stock. The common and anxioua to be known as- pubUc effort is being made to discredit pub- stock holders are possessed of exclu- servant^; full of zeal for the "people." lic ownership in Alberta, in Western sive voting rights. But once they get firmly entrenched Canada, and in fact all over the Do- The next step, is to make sufficient the story is apt to be a different one. minion. Every shortcoming of a profits for all. If the farm was an , o public-owned venture, imagined or enterprise such as a power company, real, is eagerly pounced on and the method would be to dispose of Saskatchewan Has Power elaborately broadcasted by interests the product at such a price as would Problem Too! adverse to anything but private own- instire ample profits, sufficient to pay In common with Alberta and various ership. Financial newspapers are par- all expenses, interest on the preferred other Provinces of Canada—Saskatche- ticularly energetic in this campaign. stock, and interest on the common, wan is today faced with the alternatives Their creed is: "Can any good and at the same time provide suffi- of private control of power in the inter- ests of a small group of financiers, thing come out of pubUc ownership?" cient reseive funds for emergency, and or public control in the interests of the In Alberta there is not one important depreciation to offset the wear and community. daily newspaper prepared to make an tear of the plant. The following editorial, from the out-and-out stand for public ownership. The process might be extended Western Producer, Saskatoon, contains a warning'°against the dangers with which That is one reason why power interests further. If the livestock end of the that Province is confronted: are obtaining such a hold. Surely the farm operations proved very profitable Power Control people have had sufficiently bittei a subsidiary company might be form- It is our belief that the people of Sas- experience to realize that once they ed. The whole stock process would katchewan want to see electrical power hand over to vested interests the be gone through again and the oi iginal development in the Province more or less natural resources of the country the company retain a majority of the patterned on the undertakings of the result is the exploitation of the re- stock. The poultry, the dairy, and Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commis- sources for profit. sion. That is, we do not think that the othei branches might all .'be made Saskatchewan people desire to see pri- * * * subsidiary companies. It is a great vate financial interests in control of power game and one that yields golden development in this Province. Develop- Two companies dominate the power profits., ments all over North America and in Europe indicate that the time is fast situation in Alberta today. One of This is the method used by private going when a small individual plant can these companies is controlled by corporations. Profits first, last and develop electrical energy on an economical Montreal capitaUsts and the other by always. basis. The power scheme of the future moneyed interests in New York city. involves a very extensive undertaking, Public ownership, on the other quantity production and a vast Neither company is interested in Al- with hand, is not concerned with profit- distribution. Private companies have berta because of love for the inhabi- making. Its objective is service at a realized that fact. ... Although, as tants of this Province, or fondness of George Spence pointed out last reasonable cost. It is true that very Hon. the climate. They are here winter, about ninety-five {>er cent of the to make often the pubUc makes too extiava- money. electrical development in Saskatchewan * * * gant demands on its own organiza- is publicly owned, that percentage is tion; that employees seek higher diminishing. It cannot be taken as a permanent condition unless something The ways of the average run of wages and better working conditions is done to make it permanent. than are paid by private enterprises; private enterprises are well-known. It is being pointed out to the smaller Let a farmer apply their customary and that occasionally politicians op- communities in a manner which cannot method of financing to his own farm, erate publicly-owned enterprises more fail to impress them that they are not acting in a Sensible business-like manner and here is how he would operate: for theii" own political advantage than continue to cling to the idea that for the good of the general public. if they The farm, let us say, consists of they can, indi-vidually, develop energy at 500 acres of land worth $30 an acre, Given efficient management and a a reasonably low cost. It is being .shown that a large development, em- a total of $15,000. The owner forms fair-!'.inded pubhc attitude,. and pub- to them bracing a dozen communities, is more a limited liability stock lic ownership will proinde splendid company with logical and economical. As they cannot a capital of $50,000. First mortgage service at a low cost. It furnishes embark on such a scheme themselves the bonds or preferred stock to the extent safeguards against public exploita- natural and logical thing to do is to let privately-controlled and financially of $15,000 may be issued. The capi- tion, and preserves the wealth of some capable ' concern do it for them. This talization may include 35,000 shares natural resom'ces for the benefit of the private companies are enthusiastically of common stock and a bonus of one the entire population. anxious to do, and many municipally- into the hands common may be olfered with each These things should be known by owned plants have fallen of private companies. preferred as additional "bait." The the people of Mberta. The power Every small town that sells out is making balance of the 35,000 common may import- Provincially-conlrolled problem is one of immense it harder for a be retained by the company,) which ance right now. Its pressing import- scheme to start. At the present moment of Saskatoon is being besieged is the original owner with a set of ance is not being fully reahzed. // the City by philanthropic corporations desirous of dummy directors (a couple of thous- the citizens Alberta are not alert; of supplying light and power and electric and common stock as gifts will obtain insist their own rights that the if they do not on ; traction. It is even possible all the directois required.) they will wake up some morning to citizens of Saskatoon might be. able to with a private com- So the owner, after the sale of the find the entire power resources of Al- make a better deal pany than would be possible were she a preferred stock, has the price of his berta firmly in the grasp of private unit in a Provincial power scheme, for the farm and still virtually owns it be- enterprises. Right now these coi- promoters of the private corporations cause of his retention of the majority porations are very friendly: very eager (ContinnfH on pacf 3«1 May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (393) 9

Parliament Inquires Into Immigration Question

A Brief Survey of the Evidence Brought Before the Committee By of the House of Commons, which is Investigating Difficult t'roblem. W. T. LUCAS, M.P.

OTTAWA. May 3.—There is, perhaps, within the last few years so much criti- land or as domestic servants and pay full no subject tnat is being discussed more cism regarding the immigration policy of fare. at the present time, nor one which is of the Dominion that, at the present session, From Great Britain, under the Empire greater or more far-reaching importance the Government referred the question Settlement Scheme, there are what are to the Canadian people than that of of immigration and colonization to a known as assisted passages, where any- immigration. Parliamentary committee for investi- one coming to Canada to engage in agri- Canada, being a young and undeveloped gation. cultural work, or as domestic servants, country, embracing an area greater in Canadian Immigration Organization may receive a reduced passage rate. extent than the United States, possessing There is also what is known as the The first witness called was Mr. Egan an invigorating climate, with untold three thousand family scheme, where (Deputy Minister of Immigration and natural resources and fertile lands waiting British farmers coming to Canada to Colonization) who outlined to the com- for the hand of man to develop, should take up land may receive assistance mittee the general organization and work- by offer wonderful opportunities to the new the Canadian Government providing ings of his Department, which, briefly, is settler. - farms at reasonable cost and the British as follows: The head organization, of It has been stated that we have pro- Government advancing $1,500 by way course, is at pttawa, and the Dominion vided facilities, including transportation, of loan for stock and equipment. is divided into three divisions, viz., education, etc., to accommodate a popu- Eastern, Western and P^acific, with offi- Strict Medical Examination lation of at least double the number we cers in charge of each. now possess, and, though we have spent, All immigrants coming to Canada from In the United States there are seventeen Great Britain or the Continent and continue to spend annually, vast _ have to sums of money and energy to attract new districts manned by officials. undergo a strict medical examination and settlers to Canada, we are not making the In Great Britain there are twenty must be morally and physically fit. Here- progress that one would naturally expect. oflSces with 137 officials, with Mr. Bruce tofore this medical examination was par- Walker in charge, with headquarters in tially done on the other side and again What Official Figures Show inspected at port of entry. > This London. . has A glance at the following figures should, On the Continent there are officials often led to a lot of hardship, especially I think, convince anyone of the truth situated at Antwerp, Danzig, Hamburg, where an immigrant sold out his property of my last statement. The Federal Paris, Riga and Rotterdam. and came over only to be rejected here. Government takes a census every In order to overcome this difficulty ten In regard to immigration from the Brit- and years, the last one being taken in 1921, for the purpose of a more uniform medical ish Isles, there are no restrictions on any and a quinquennial census taken in the examination, at the beginning of class of people, other than a strict medical the three Prairie Provinces, the last one in present year a new policy was adopted, examination, and provided they pay full 1926. so that we have reliable figures on and now we have a number of fare and satisfy the immigration officials Canadian which to base our conclusions, so far as doctors stationed abroad to inspect that they will not become a charge on the and the three Prairie Provinces are concerned. country. pass prospective settlers. The following figures are The Government also has an compiled from This also applies to immigrants from agreement data obtainedf from the with the two railway Dominion Bureau what are called preferred countries, with companies, giving of Statistics: New them permission to bring agricultural this exception, that all immigrants other Actual Natural Irnmi- workers and domestic servants, and right Province Population 5-year increase gration than from Great Britain have to provide here there is a strong belief that 1921 1926 increase 1921-26 1921-26 passports. the Manitoba.... 610,118 639,056 28,938 62,446 67,243 From Central and Southern Europe railways are bringing in a lot of people Saskatchewan 767,510 820,438 62.928 76,362 69,137 who are not going on the land. This the Alberta 588,454 no immigrants are admitted unless they 607,599 19,145 50,216 64,545 railways deny, but a declare their intention of working on the number of witnesses 1,966,082 2,067,093 111,011 179,024 180,925 have stressed the fact that there have been far too many immigrants from All Natural Increase Lost Central and Southern Europe coming into It will be noted from the above that MEMBER OF COMMITTEE ON Canada under the guise of going on the if we take the population as at 1921, and IMMIGRATION land, but who drift into the cities and add to it the natural increase and new tend to lower the standard of living in immigration, we would have had a popu- this country, and a number of suggestions lation in 1926 of 2,316,031, but the census have been made that a quota law should shows our population for the three Prairie be established against the foreigner from Provinces to be only 2,067,093, or, in the non-preferi'ed countries. other words, we lost the whole of our Up to the present time a number of natural increase and 38.6 per cent of our witnesses have appeared before the Com- new imlnigrants. mittee and many suggestions have been I have stated that we have lost the made. It has been rather noticeable that whole of our natural increase, and my rea- when a witness appears to criticise the sons for that assumption is that the existing methods and results, he is at United States, having a quota law once subjected to a grilling examination against foreigners, these could not enter by the Government supporters, and it the United States unless in 'an illegal would appear at least that the Govern- manner. A pamphlet published in the ment supporters were more anxious to United States by some leading scientists defend the Government than to ascertain makes the following statement: all the facts. "Except for brief periods, immigra- Canon Burd Before Committee tion will not increase the population Canon Burd, representing the Anglican above the figure it will reach without Diocese of Saskatchewan, had rather a immigration. If we admit those from warm time in Committee when he raised other lands, we shall decrease by a the question of the twenty-seven Roman like number those who will be born of Catholic priests employed by the Gov- those now here. The question for ernment in repatriation of French Cana- cold-blooded consideration by the Am- dians from the United States, and clainiod erican of today is this: ... do that these priests were not all working at you want the soil inherited by your son what they were being paid to do, but or by the son of one who now toils in were engaged in transferring French a foreign land?" Canadians from Quebec to \\'estern That question applies with equal forcd Canada. He complained that while the to the Canadian. There has developed W. T. LUCAS, M.P. Anglican Bishop had called on the former —

lU (394) THE U. F. A. May 16th, iit2H

Minister of Immigration and had been Great Britain that Canada did not want according to a recent report of the Mani- promised the expenses for two Anglican British settlers. toba Co-operative Marketing Board. clergy, when arrangements were made to There are still a number of witnesses Forty-three of the associations were for put these men to work and confirmation to be heard before the committee makes owning elevators; 13 for marketing live- its report. stock; trading of the agreement was sought, the answer 4 were associations; 3, o associations of seed growers; 2 were co- was that there were no funds available. operative wholesales; and one was a Burd also claimed that discrimi- MANITOBA CO-OPERATIVES Canon central agency for marketing livestock against the Britisher nation was shown Sixty-six farmers' co-operatives were for the associations in the prairie pro- and stated there was a feeling abroad in organized in Manitoba during 1927, vinces. Agricultural Co-Operation.

Member for Battle River Discusses National Problems in Budget Debate

Problems of Taxation and Financial Policy Dealt With by TT.F.A. Member in Important Speech.

In rising to take part in this debate I the income tax. Unfortunately the Mini" wish first of all to congratulate the Mini- ster of Finance has decided to grant relief We print in full in this issue the ster of Finance (^Ir. Robb), on the fact in respect to the income tax first. In important speech delivered by H. E. that he has been able to balance the my view he should be^in bv reducing Spencer, U.F.A. member for Battle budget this year and, according to his those taxes that would relieve the rank and River, in the course of the budget figures, show a credit of $54,815,000. I file of the people, and so make it easier debate in the House of Commons. congratulate him upon this surplus as I for the family man to carry on. "The The speech will be found of much would congratulate the farmer who has following figures in regard to income tax value to citizens who are not con- been fortunate enough to have a good will, I think, be of interest to the House: cerned in the usual stock-in-trade crop. It may be possible that it is Individual Inoom* Taxpayer!, Fina] Tear lB2«-27 of party politics, but have a gen- through his good cultivation, but prob- ATcraye uine interest in national problems. Percentage Peraeotafe tax paid it is because of the fact that the rain ably NuMber of of all of that Amount of all by (Mb and the sunshine came at the proper times Owing to the circumstance Anoootof tax- tax tax taxai indri- and the crop grew. I think that irrespec- as Secretary of the U.F.A. Group inoomt payan payers paid paid doal Uad* M.W*.. r.171 83.76 2,m.9«5 12.70 31.74 tive of what Finance Minister and what he has heavy responsibilities of a ItMMSO.tO* 17.H2 lfi.fil 8,tn.3«3 44.77 44.90 character, in addition to his government had been in power under special $M.800-(M,0(M «74 .41 3.V73.375 17.03 8JI4.31 resent business conditions we should work in the House and in the Com- tM.MOaBdoTer 2M .25 4,711.891 2116 1M6«.«6 C ave had a surplus, and therefore I think mittees, Mr. Spencer will be unable 11«^ IN.W 18,043.261 100.00 the Finance Minister is fortunate in to write for our columns during the I take it to be the business of a Govern- being in power at a time when business session. ment to legislate in the best interests of is good. the rank and file of the people rather NEEDS OF than for a special few We all need three childbirth. Yet the greater number PROVINCES specific things: food, clothing and shel- of these deaths was preventable." As we have a surplus of over $54,000,000 ter. Until all our people have those I should think the Minister of Finance The front page of the pamphlet has three essentials with a reasonable standard might give some thought to being a little this announcement: of hving. only the minimum of taxation more generous towards those Provinces, "Last year Canada lost 38,064 should oe imposed. The Minister ot whether in the east or in the west, which children under five years of age." Finance has seen fit to grant the greatest are having difficulty in meeting their relief to the 116,029 citizens of this Now, Mr. Speaker, it seems to me that budgets, and which, if they pass legis- country who are in the enjoyment of if that condition of things exists we lation for Old Age Pensions, will be incomes ranging from to cannot say the country is prosperous. If $3,000 $50,000 forced under the legislation we passed and over, and surely they have enough this pamphlet is false, it should be sup- here last year to dip into their own and to spare to provide the necessaries pressed; if it is true, then I think action afford it or life. treasuries, whether they can should be taken at once by the proper of if, are going to take advantage With reference to the balance not, they department of Government to remedy sheet of that act. I have always claimed that placed before us by the Minister of this deplorable state of affairs. should a I observe that there is in- the Old Age Pension scheme be During the course of the debate a good Finance, an one, instead of half crease in the revenue of the OflBce wholly Federal deal has been said about taxation, and the Post Federal half Provincial. With this Department amounting to and Minister of Finance claims that taxation $1,930,831. I think the the Postmaster surplus of over $54,000,000, has been reduced during the Liberal ad- I congratulate General of Finance might have looked (Mr. Veniot) on this excellent showing, Minister minstration. Looking at figures compiled with a kindly eye upon giving the Prov- and I sincerely hope that he will now by the Bureau of Statistics, I find that , inces more help in this respect. give more consideration to the providing although in some years there has been a postal services the outlying districts Much has been said about prosperity, reduction, yet on the whole there has of in of the Dominion. Another item of in- and those supporting the Government been a gradual increase in taxation. Let terest has to do with the Canada Grain who have spoken have laid a great deal me give the figures for 1922 and 1927: Act. Under this head the estimated of stress upon the country's condition. and 1922 1927 Customs revenue is given at an in- I ask the Government what they $2,600,000, would excise duties regard as real prosperity? Is it the fact crease of $17,016. It has been intimated collected.. .$158,397,292 $210,600,000 that we have a large export market? more than once by hon. members who Taking the total taxation collected, live in Is it the fact that we have a few more do not happen to Western Canada, special taxes, find hundreds of men who are in a position including war we that and know nothing of the grain trade, that by reason of their large incomes to pay in 1922 the figure was $409,784,066, while the cost of administering the Grain Act five years later it amounted to coffers of the income tax? Is it the fact that we have $470,997,- is met from the Federal 041. These figures would seem to con- that therefore all more bank loans? Or is it the fact that Government, and tradict the claim on behalf of the this cost, is the rank and file of the people of this made Canada helps to pay which country are socially and financially better Government that taxation has been re- incurred for the benefit of the grain grow- Provinces. Let off? I had placed in my hands yesterday duced. ers of the Western me a pamphlet published by the Canadian ONLY FAIR PROCEDURE reassure an}' hon. gentleman who still Council of Child Welfare. On looking IN REDUCTION labors under this delusion that any such suggestion is not at all in accordance with through it I was surprised to find tlie I submit, Mr. Speaker, that if taxation the facts; the cost of administering the following statements, headed, "Present is to be reduced —as it well might be with grain act is borne entirely by the grain Day Facts for Thinking Canadians:" the surpluses at the disposal of the Mini- growers of Canada. "Of 232,205 children born in Can- ster of Finance—the only fair procedure ada last year, 7,091 were still-born; would be iirst of all to reduce those taxes THE LARGEST ITEMS 23,671 clied before their first birth- which will bring about a lower coat of limng OF EXPENDITURE day: 30,973 died before their fifth —tariff taxes; secondly, the, reduction of With regard to expenditures, I notice birtnday; 1,314 mothers died in the sales tax should be considered; and last. that the largest item is for the interest on May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (395) 11

the public debt, 1128,700,000. The sec- quantity of steel that was being turned ond largest item is the annual cost of out. Anyone who visits industrial es- past wars, not including interest, which tablishments in the old country in the amounts to $47,500,000. It is therefore United States or in Canada will find that on these two items that we should fix in these various factories there are the our best attention, and should try to most complicated machines doing the find ways and means of reducing them. work required with very few men in at- We must realize that merely because tendance. One can visualize only a few peace is signed the effects of war are not years hence factories being run with the over. We are having to raise nearly half aid of exceedingly few overseers. In my a million a day to meet the huge cost of opinion this is one of our greatest prob- past wars, and I want to remind the lems, and in future budgets I hope this Government and the Minister of Finance will be placed before the House by the that the increase of $6,000,000 in the esti- Minister. mates in connection with military defence ROOT CAUSES OF this year will not in any way protect Canada MODERN WAR one single from war nor keep her out of it for We know that the economic struggle now going on between the different coun- Another item which is of interest is in- tries to find markets for their goods is maritime freight rates, the cluded under simply an economic war, and in this con- amount required being $3,843,- estimated nection I would quote a few words from amount estimated by the Mini- 000. The a letter written from one of the colleges ster of Railways a year ago was about of Oxford, England, which I noticed in as we in this $2,000,000. It has grown, the Ottawa Citizen this morning: corner of the House feared it would. I "The underlying causes of war, it is will not comment on this amount given generally agreed, are economic, the Maritime Provinces, which is in to the actual political state of war following the nature of an extra subsidy, but I commercial antagonisms. The last think that every Province in the Domin- war is a notable illustration. Germany whether old or new, which is strug- ion, had to find an outlet for the bursting gling to make both ends meet, with a industrial activity of her people. These thin population and with huge expenditur- economic conditions pre-existing, the es brought about very often through war mentality was soon created and its fault of their own, should be given E. M.P. no H. SPENCER, logical outcome ensued. similar consideration. "Do not present world conditions THE S.S.B. SCHEME contain, in embryo at least, even more GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY of Canadian investments abroad we bring potent seeds of conflict? And are not There is another item, assets written into Canada only about $63,000,000, these underlying causes of war to be off as non-active, including soldier land while foreign investments in Canada found at the very root of our industrial settlement loans amounting to $14,000,000 have a call on this country of about structure?" and the revaluation of soldier lands in- $254,000,000. The balance has to be We must know that the economic war volving an amount to be written off of made up in goods sent out of the Domin- being carried on by every country to find $8,000,000. On the resale of stock and ion, and therefore when we simply put markets in other countries is leading in equipment on the farms which have exports against imports in actual goods only one direction, and I am sorry that in reverted to the board—these farms have it is no proof that this country is a this condition is not faced openly in this been sold, according to the Minister of particularly healthy state. Allow me to House of Commons. Finance, although some 3,000 properties quote from the Minister of Finance, where The Minister of Finance stated that remain to be disposed of —the expected he says: Canadians were returning from the United our loss is some $6,000,000. Besides this we "But it is also apparent that States, but his statement did not seem have to remember that in 1922 we wrote ability to produce still exceeds our to be accepted by a number of hon. off some $11,000,000 interest in connec- capacity to consume by a broad mar- members opposite him. I would like to tion with this same undertaking. It is gin, and that our exporters annually make a suggestion which I believe would about time we realized that there has market over a billion dollars of goods help keep some of our people in Canada: been something wrong either in the initia- in other lands." / think we should give Canadians from tion of this vast scheme or in the carrying CANNOT BUY far Eastern and Central Provinces the out of it. I am not going to criticize GOODS PRODUCED same opportunity to look over the Western any of these rebates so far as relief to part of Canada, so far as railway fares I wish the Minister had gone a little returned soldiers is concerned, but I do concerned, that we now give to people further and pointed out how, under the are want to say a word with respect to the coming from other countries. It is quite rapid development of science and inven- launching of the scheme. natural that a man who has not a large tion, more goods are being turned out surplus of pocket money, and who is not Governments that claim to be all per day, per week, per month and per content with his present conditions, should powerful should have known, when the year than were manufactured in the past, pay a small fee to get into the United scheme was launched, that deflation and with less man power. In other States when he cannot afford the some- would ensue in 1920 and 1921, which words we are rapidly lifting the work from really of what heavy fare to Western Canada, and deflation has been the cause men's shoulders and having it done by believe if assistance were given these many losses sustained by the country machines. I would the Minister had I retain a great of under this scheme. Governments hare pointed out that every industrial country men we would many all the expert advice they them in this country. access to is up against this same problem. It has desire, and they should have known, been shown by well known economists DOMINION NOTES if they did not, that the deflation would that, inasmuch as the money paid in cost AND BANK NOTES take place. If they did know this, then cannot possibly buy back the goods at A few days ago the Minister of Finance the scheme should not have been cost plus profit, constituting price, every stated that there were $220,835,000 of launched, particularly as we are sink- country has a problem on its hands. Dominion notes outstanding as of De- million dollars into it. ing a hundred When in England last summer I vis- cember 31, 1927, while bank notes in If they did not know, then they have to ited, amongst many factories and foun- circulation at the same date amounted to admit that Governments only play dries, one establishment at SheflBeld where $182,747,000, intimating that we have a second fiddle to finance, because fin- I learned what tremendous changes are surplus of Dominion notes in circulation. ance certainly brought about the de- taking place in industry. This was a I questioned that statement at the time flation in 1920 and 1921. steel concern which had built in 1919 and said: of Much is said in the budget regarding a very up to date plant, where in one "Did not the greater part that our favorable trade balance. What does shop alone they could turn out eight $220,000,000 comprise notes of large it mean? From this corner various hundred tons of steel a day. They easily denominations used by the banks alonei" speeches have been made, pointing out got orders because they could produce To this question the Minister replied: that a country might have a very large cheaply. Two other large firms at once "It meets the requirements of the receives trade balance in its favor and yet exist built similar factories and Germany soon country and the Government a under a very low standard of living. In followed suit, with the result that last revenue for it." with that answer, I quoting the extent of our exports and summer when I visited the plants they Not being content questions on the order paper imports—and there is a large margin in were lying idle several days of the week placed some exports—we have to rememoer that out because there was no demand for the (Continued on page 37) —

12 (396) THE U. F. A. May I5th, 1928

News from Alberta Wheat Pool Head Office Information for Members and Locals Issued bj the Department of Edneatlon and Pablicity of the Alberta Wheat Pool.

Information fronn South Africa, where the farmers are On occasion it has been remarked that too much emphasis endeavoring to organize a maize pool, states that the Grain is being placed on the monetary value of co-operation and Trade there is using propaganda of the Grain Trade in West- too little on the spiritual side. ern Canada to discourage the farmers. The This is a Dollar Age. Almost every movement is measured celebrated chart issued by the Northwest Grain SAME by the money gauge. "Every door is barred with gold and OLD STUFF Dealers last fall is being circulated over the opens but to golden keys." veldt. Western Canadian farmers are thor- People look on the spiritual side as something abstract, oughly conversant with the cunning methods employed by the dim and hazy far away, beyond practical understanding. Grain Trade propagandists now. Take this present crop year — Neverthelsss there is a spiritual side to co-operation as exem- for instance. While the Grain Trade will undoubtedly be plified by the Wheat Pool. There is claiming the payment of an average price for the entire year, SPIRITUAL SIDE a sublimity in the very thought of an it is a matter of actual fact that over 90 per cent of the wheat OF CO-OPERATION immense army of farm workers banded in the 1927 crop was delivered at country elevators before together for their own economic ad- April 1st. It is an actual certainty that extremely little of vantage; working out their own problem in a neighborly way; this grain will benefit by the higher prices prevailing now. calmly and dispassionately surveying the outlook with a * Di * vision far beyond petty disagreement and squabblings. Director Lew Hutchinson, of the Alberta Wheat Pool for The accepted view for centuries has been that superior district, reports that world-wide Camrose interest has been minds should control the intricacies of large enterprises in- over the coming International aroused Wheat Pool Confer- volving vast sums of money; that all that was expected of the ence to be held at Regina, June 5th, 6th and 7th. The scope common herd was to work and produce. The ignorant rank of this Conference has been extended this year and repre- and file was expected to know nothing of the mysterious other co-operative sentatives from organizations will attend. workings of so complex a subject as the financing, handling conferences are being arranged Special for the Livestock, and selling of the product of the labor of strained backs and Dairy, Poultry, and other producers' co-operative organiza- calloused hands. tions who are sending representatives. The development of the Wheat Pool and similar co-operative An interesting feature will be the presence at the Confer- organizations has worked a decided change. These workers ence of men from the great British co-operatives. John found that by hiring the services of experts they could con- Cairns, Peter Malkin and William Smith will represent the duct their own business. Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Societv. WHEAT POOL The English Co-operative Wholesale Sb- By doing their own handling, financing and marketing these CONFERENCE ciety will have two directors. A, W. farmers found out considerable savings would be effected and a Golightly and J. Oliver, and their central system developed that has proven infinitely more satisfactory. wheat buyer, A. H. Hobley, as their representatives. Sir The cloak of mystery and awe that shadowed the "inner Thomas Allen is expected to attend as a member of the British workings" of the old system has been torn aside. The idol Empire Marketing Board and Henry J. May, secretary of has lost the bulk of its worshippers. International Co-operative Alliance, has cabled that he will Hon. W. M. Jardine, Secretary of Agriculture for the Australian be present. The Wheat Pools are sending repre- United States, senses the changed feeling in Western Canada. sentatives and also the Australian Government. The Russian This well-informed public man, with broad vision and a world Co-operative Selling Societies will also be represented. of experience, recently stated in an address before a home of A number prominent officials from the United States mission boara of a leading church: Department of Agriculture as well as representatives of a "Before we can have strong spiritual and religious activity number of the large Co-operative organizations in addition we must take care of the economic problem. The farmer must to delegates and officials of the United States WTieat Pools learn to co-operate without jealousies and factionalism and will be present. Among those who have promised to attend without friction in organization politic^. The Canadian are Judge John D. Miller, Vice-president and General Counsel Wheat Pool is an education in itself for the farmers. I earn- of the Dairymen's League and President of the National estly recommend that you preach to the farmer this lesson of Co-operative Milk Producers' Federation, New York City; strong organization and central selling agency selling for his John Brandt, President of the Land o' Lakes Creameries, of product." Minneapolis; Ralph D. Merritt, Managing Director of the Sun-Maid Raisin Growers, Fresno, California; J. S. Mont- Mr. Jardine recommended the study of the principle in- gomery, general manager of the Central Co-operative Asso- volved in the sale of 200,000,000 bushels of grain direct to ciation of St. Paul; F. M. Black, Chairman of the Interior Tree English mills by the Canadian Wheat Pool. Fruit and Vegetable Committee of Direction, Kelowna, B.C. * * • Hon. W. R. Motherwell, Minister of Agriculture for Canada; Hon. J. E. Brownlee, Premier of Alberta; Hon. J. G. Gar- Alberta Labor News. —The farmers of Alberta are working diner, Premier of Saskatchewan and Hon. R. A. Hoey, who on the organization of a pool for coarse grains. The operation the will represent Manitoba Government, will be among the of the coarse grain pools in Manitoba and Saskatchewan speakers. the Alberta pool will be successfully * * * offers every hope that organized to the benefit of the farmers and the Province as a Millino, Liverpool, Eng.-—There is no doubt that a very whole. It is reported that the grain trade have said that as steady tone pervades the wheat market, and the steadiness is long as they can handle Alberta's coarse grains they need based on a solid foundation of fact, that is to say, there is not worry about the Wheat Pool. But Alberta farmers are actual and serious damage to the American out to get the profit on their oats and barley and flax for BRITISH Winter wheat crop and definite shortage of themselves. COMMENT millable native wheat in parts of Europe, * * * chiefly in Germany, Italy, Spain, Central Europe and Poland. These facts are well known to operators T. W. Mercer, in Co-operative Review: It is in the wider in Chicago and they are equally well known to the managers fields of national life and public policy that Co-operation makes of the Canadian Wheat Pool. We find accordingly that its greatest contributions to civic welfare and efficiency. Americans do not offer their wheat, and the Canadian Pool We in this country are committed to democracy in our forms seizes every opportunity to put prices a little higher. And the of Government. Democracy is in our blood, representative mere fact that they are able to do this, although holding a institutions best express our racial genius. Co-operation in of huge supply in the shop window, is a great tribute to the suc- is still in its infancy. It is a movement process be- cess of their marketing policy. coming something greater, and who can tell what it will its principles The Canadian wheat, as already said, is in the shop window, yet become? Alread" all who understand but most certainly it is not on, the bargain counter; nor is it and apprehend t* 1 unrevealed potentialities of co-op- likely to be put in the bargain list, for no matter what some erative expansion, its power of uniting and comprehending interested people may say about the virtues of Argentine all clas'*,'»s in uue vast democracy, perceive how the Co-opera- wheat, it is certain that Canadian wheat-flour is necessary tive J'bVement justifies belief in social transformation without to make a good high loaf such as consumers demand and social upheaval, and the ultimate emergence of a new State in freedom. bakers li e to sell. ,>ot based on force but founded May 15th,' 1928 THE U. F. A. (397) 13

Promoted niarketing of their grain such as is pro- vided for Wheat Pool members. Pool Needs Opposition (?) E. R. Briggs, Now Assistant Pool Elevators Necessary Secretary, Mr. Burns Campbell, of West Wing- Alberta Wheat Pool The experience of the Alberta Pool over ham, brings up the statement that has a period of four years has proven beyond been oft repeated, particularly by non- E. R. Briggs, an a doubt that Pool elevators are an abso- Pool farmers, that "the Pool needs oppo- employee of the Al- lute necessity in order that Pool members sition." Quite often Pool members have berta Wheat Pool may be safeguarded in the delivery of heard this and accepted it as fact, un- since 10th December their grain; in order that the Pool terminal thinkingly. All of us only too often accept 1923, has been ap- elevators may be operated to the fullest tritely expressed remarks without analyz- pointed assistant sec- advantage; and in order that the Central ing them. That remark transposed some- retary. He has been Selling Agency shall be provided with what means "the Pool farmers need more assistant to the sup- supplies of a wanted grade at a time when opposition." You can be assured defin- erintendent of the the demand for that grade is keenest. itely and positively that, you get quite Growers Department Pool elevator operators have been enough opposition right now. Argentina for some time. given particular instructions in regard with her peon labor and agricultural Secretary's The to the handling of Pool grain and the workers ground under the heel of the Department has been exceptionally low overage total of the wealthy and powerful grain trade, her laden with increasing Alberta Pool elevators has created some- large surplus sloughed on the market in responsibilities o f thing of a record in close weighing. If a an indiscriminate manner, causes enough late, and the ap- comparison could be made between the worry and trouble for your salesmen. pointment of an as- Pool overages and the overages of a Then there is the non-Pool wheat of sistant to R. O. string of privately owned elevators hand- Western Canada with "bearish" weight of E. R. BRIGGS German was decided ling an equal volume, the farmers of this indiscriminate selling in the times of upon by the Directors. Province would be provided with an heavy marketing. The Pool will get lots E. R. Briggs has been a resident of "eye-opener". But while all Pool figures more opposition if the United States Alberta since 1910, when he arrived here are openly available to Pool members, adopts the McNary-Haugen bill and from Michigan. He homesteaded in the no such figures can be obtained from line throws a couple of hundred million bush- Lanfine district and took an active part elevator companies. Being private com- els on the world market. The Canadian in farmers' organizations in that locality. panies organized for profit, their busi- Wheat Pool gets lots of opposition, I can He was the first secretary of the Lanfine ness particulars are open only to their assure you, and the greater the opposi- U.F.A.; was secretary of the Golden own stock-holders. tion the less eflSciently the Pool works. Valley Co-operative Society and president It is well for Pool members to realize The declaration that "the Pool needs of the Acadia constituency convention. that the Pool elevator system is a vitally opposition" is a foolish, careless, thought- He was a leading figure in the organiza- important part of the entire organization. less statement. tion of the Wheat Pool in his district. It is becoming more and more apparent The Alberta Pool was started on Octo- that the Pool elevators are the anchor Survey of Farm Incomes ber 29th, 1923. On December 10, the of the Pool. I have no hesitation in Surely the farmers of this country do manager, the late C. M. Elliott, secured predicting that in the future the tangible not believe that enough has been achieved the services of Mr. Briggs to assist in the benefits to Pool members from the Pool in bettering farm living conditions. In a organization. Since then he has rendered elevator system will become more and recent article written by Mr. Drury, valuable service to the Pool. ser- more apparent. You will gain in former Premier of Ontario, he tells of a vice, in square dealing and in actual dol- survey of farm incomes made. This lars and cents. Your own money is survey reveals that in 1919, the most Wheat Pool Elevator invested in this rapidly growing enter- prosperous year the farmers of Ontario prise and the people that will benefit by ever had, the average labor income on its operation are the Pool members. The Building Program farms of over 225 acres with a capital Pool elevator system is young. It was investment of around $36,000 was $1,734. Wheat Pool Elevators, Limited, is now cradled in adversity; subjected to every Mr. Drury remarks, "Western agriculture slur launched on an active elevator building calumny and that the opposition is subject to ups and downs to a greater present could conceive of, but it has already program. At eighteen country extent than that of the East, but it is amply proven its extreme usefulness. elevators are being built and eight have The certain that averaged over a period of purchased this Pool elevator systems of Western been year. This brings Canada years it does not yield any greater re- the total of Alberta Wheat Pool elevators are the admiration and envy of growers turns. 186. all over the world. to "Of course, it is always possible to pick Just how many new elevators will be out an individual here and there who has built this year depends on the farmers SELLING THEIR BIRTHRIGHT done better than these averages. It is, of Alberta. Any shipping point can now however, no fairer to draw general con- get a Pool elevator. The to The Co-operator. —The kind of farmers way go about clusions from these exceptions it who let the old-liners talk them into than it is to secure a sufficient sign-up of Pool would be to measure possible staying out of the Wheat Pool are selling success of members. the average merchant or manufacturer their birthright for a mess of banana oil. Elevators were purchased at the follow- in terms of Timothy Eaton or Henry Ford, points: ing Bremner, Ellerslie, Fenn, When these meagre returns are considered, Etzikom, Taber, Duchess, Menaik and it is easy to understand that farm life Gwynne. IMPORTANT NOTICE of necessity is not overdone with luxury or Under Construction The cut-off date for the 1927-28 pleasure. Elevators are now under construction Pool has been set for Monday, July Remedy Not in Preaching at the following points: Morningside, 16, 1928. Any wagonload lots of Gibbons, Ryley, Picardville, Bruce, wheat delivered at local elevators "I am quite aware that in presenting Duagh, Acadia Valley, Atlee, Dewberry, or any car lots billed out after that this gloomy picture of farming conditions Buffalo, Shepard, Cheadle, New Dayton, date will be bandied in and through I am striking a discordant note in the Hesketh, Vauxhall, Ferintosh, Armada the 1928-1929 Pool. chorus of well-befng so lustily sung just and Bowden. All wheat produced or acquired now by Canadian business. It is surely The first commercial words discovered by any person who signed the First silly, however, to close our eyes to facts. in the first church of Venice —St. James Series Contract is covered by that Instead, patriotic Canadians everywhere on the Rialto —were the ninth century contract and must be delivered to should seek in the interests of better inscription: "Around this temple let the Pool, even though it may be nation-building, to understand these con- merchant's law be just, his weights true, delivered after July 15, 1928. This ditions, to diagnose their cause and to at and his contracts guileless." This is the pertains to all wheat of any grade or least give sympathy to the farmers in oldest and best co-operative motto known variety, excepting only Registered their endeavors to find a remedy. And and it is only under some form of co-opera- Seed Wheat. in conclusion, let me say most emphati- tive marketing that it is ever likely to be All wheat produced or acquired in cally, that the remedy will not be found acted upon. the year 1928 by any member who in preaching to the farmer on how he he probably know.« This is the principle on which P is a signer of the Second Series should farm. That, elevators are is covered by better than any outsider can tell him." operated—true weights and . Wheat Pool Contract fair grades to all at contract and must be mar- so with excess earnings re- In view of this statement by a man turned to the ^"gb the Pool in accord- well-informed as ex-Premier Drury, it is membership. No group keted 'tn. of grain fartaers anywhere very obvious indeed that any organization in the world ance the. T*^- have the advanv^qrft Pool whirh is doing of safeguards in the such as the Wheat 14 (398; THE U. F. A. May 15th, its utmost to improve farm conditions, YOUR ACREAGE REPORT FOR the first being that farmers who believe iu deserves every possible support, rather 1928 co-operation and organization were not than more opposition. We may only re- It is important that you send in a willing to boar all the cost of maintaininji iterate that there is enough opposition now. report of the number of acres you the Association for their own benefit, have sown to wheat this year. With and, at the same time, having also to your co-operation head office can bear the cost of carrying the surjjlus of New Saskatchewan compile very complete statistics the non-members. The Bec

May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (399) 16

PREPARING WHEAT MAP The Dominion Department of Agricul- Alberta Wheat Pool's . Vancouver ture is preparing a wheat map of the Prairie Provinces. When completed these Terminal grain grower at a maps will tell the Two and a Half Million Bushel Structure to be Completed September 1st. glance just what variety of wheat can be grown in a district with the greatest of abundance. C. M. Hall, General Manager of the equipped with 20 spouts and facilities Pool Elevators, reports that satis- provided to load three ships at one o factory progress is being made in the time. The length of the dock is SALE OF WHEAT FOR FEED construction of the new Vancouver 1409 feet and depth of water at low There appears to be some misunder- terminal. This two and a half mil- tide 35 feet. standing regarding the sale of low grade lion bushel structure will be com- An idea of the size and capacity of The facts are that under wheat as feed. pleted by September 1st, 1928. the terminal is furnished by the no circumstances can wheat be sold by any The Pool's new terminal, when amount of belting required. The member unless he first applies for and secures a permit to do so from Head Office. completed, wiU be the most modern total belting which this elevator will Permission will be promptly given to sell structure of its kind on the Pacific use, if placed end to end, would that to a bona fide feeder, on condition coast. Its receiving capacity wiU be stretch 5^ miles. the wheat will not be disposed of to an 18 cars an hoiir. Three railway The construction work is being elevator company or grain company, or tracks will run into the elevator and done by the Great Northwestern to any one for re-sale to an elevator com- pany. Any breach of these regulations is three automatic car unloaders will be Construction Company and J. W. a violation of the Pool contracts and will provided. The Cajiadian Pacific Steart. C. D. Howe and Company of dealt with as such. be Railway is building yardage facilities Port Arthur, are the engineers. o adjacent to the elevator which will The completion of this terminal AMENDMENT TO SEED ACT hold 300 cars. will give the Alberta Wheat Pool The height of the workhouse of the total terminal facilities of 5,300,000 An amendment to the Dominion Seeds terminal will be bushels on the Pacific Act was passed by the House of Commons new Alberta Pool coast, 4,050,000 at the present session, in which provision 196^ feet, and its width 79 feet. bushels capacity being at Vancouver. is made whereby the Minister of Agri- Forty-four large tanks 123 feet high By the coming fall there will be a upon the report of any per- culture may, and each with a capacity of 35,000 total of eleven great terminals all son, persons, or Advisory Board appoint- bushels will provide the main storage. bearing the proud insignia "Wheat ed for that purpose, refuse to issue a license in respect of wheat seed varieties The interstices between the circular Pool Terminal." These are placed which are untried, or of any variety found tanks provide an additional 150 bins as follows: Prince Rupert, 1; Van- inferior qualities or character- to possess for further storage. Sixteen cleaners, couver, 2; Fort William, 3; Port istics which impair its value in com- each with a cleaning capacity of 1600 Arthur, 4; Buffalo, 1. At present the merce. bushels and house, and dryers with a Saskatchewan Pool is building Ter- capacity of a thousand bushels an minal No. 7 at Port Arthur. When SUGGESTIONS SOME RADIO hour are provided for. completed it will have a capacity of Burns Campbell, West Wingham, Alta. The loading galleries are being nearly seven million bushels. —I've been listening to the broadcasts regularly. They are just fine. The Glee Club sure did fine last Wednesday night. see some time. That I would like to them tion. having regard to the actual cost of WHEREIN POOL MARKETING broadcast was sure a good Wednesday proauction in this state. DIFFERS night, April 11th, answering those ques- 4. The necessary legislation to be The Farmers' Sun. —The real difference tions. That should go to the farmers' introduced after a ballot of wheat growers between Pool Marketing and ordinary hearts, I am sure. I note you said you is held and only if 55 per cent of those Grain Trade marketing was put in brief do not get many letters. Well, maybe in favor of the compulsory form recently by Manager E. B. Ramsay, yourself lucky that voting are you can consider you of the Central Selling Agency, Winnipeg, the farmers are pool. don't. You know, when in an address at Aberdeen, South Dakota. all satisfied, they don't say anything, Here's how he put it for our grain grower but when they are not, look out for mail THE FISH'S TALE friends south of the line: more than enough. It there will be "Speaking of the Central Selling Agency should not be that way, but it is. Some A little fish swam in a lake. I am sure you are wondering wherein lies suggestions: Ask the farmers some night And found a luscious worm the difference between Pool operations that don't belong to the Wheat Pool to Dangling right before its eyes and those previously in vogue. To put write in and tell just why they don't be- Oh, how that worm did squirm! it in a nutshell: We seek market control long. Explain why the Wheat Pool through the control of our product. 1 does not need opposition to make a real "Aha," the fishlet chuckled low, submit that this is a perfectly logical success for the farmer. Some farmers "I'll gobble, while I can, and sane objective and is the ultimate to think that the Wheat Pool needs seem This luscious worm." He did it! solution of the producers' difficulties. It opposition. Explain why it is necessary Then sizzled in a pan. is quite in keeping with modern business for the farmers to do more boosting for practices and places agriculture on a par the Pool than they now do. wise old fish saw the same bait, A with other industries in the marketing of his stomach yearned, For food her products. Market control, as you o But he'd been hooked a time or two are well aware and we also fully recognize, A lesson he had learned. PLAN COMPULSORY POOL is subject to very definite limitations. our The trend among Australian wheat "You won't catch me," he sagely vowed We find that to effectively control product to place us on a competitive growers is towards a compulsory wheat And swiftly swam away, and basis wheat it is necessary pool. Recent information from "down With this result: the wise old fish with non-Pool to our own facilities. This i.< under" states that in Victoria state a Still swims the lake today. develop ex- tacit understanding has been arrived at the only reason for the tremendous Should on the basis outlined herewith: Speculators often use a bait pansion which has taken place. Of talk, perhaps a cent or two, any other organization develop more 1. The Pool to be controlled by a With hopes of breaking your co-op. efficiency or cheapness in performing board of five, four to be elected by wheat then of ruling you. some service necessary for the marketing growers and one to be a Government And of the crop than we can do for ourselves nominee. » The moral of the fish's tale: we will employ those services. I'ntil 2. The period of the act is to be from Stop —listen—think and look, that condition is apparent we intend l<> three to five years. For those who fall for luring bait, continue to extend our facilities until our 3. The board to have the right to Most always get the hook. requirements are met. as is fix the price of wheat for local consump- 'Tontrnl of our products as far May 15th, 1928 16 (400) THE U. F. A.

our has to get rid of his scrub sire and can- loM during [Deflation, which may be humanly possible also permits of « purebred sire?" true in a degree^ but did you ever hear eliminating a vast number of middlemen s not afford to buy a be overcome by the of a mortgage being lost? services which have gradually forced This difficulty can municipal pure bred sire I will give you an illustration which I themselves in between the producers and formation of a municipal think covers the situation. Just previous the ultimate consumer. It also permits policy, financed by means of a loan, purpose of which would be the to the deflation that took place in 1920, of a definite restriction being placed on the in just such cases on you were advised "gratis", to come in the extent of the charge which is made supplying of sires terms of two years. Taxation would and let your banker advise you on finance, for such services as are essential." say not have to be increased, for the interest and I want you to take particular note as to why that was so important. Sup- MANITOBA POOL ELEVATORS on the muni(ii)al loan would be taken that A is indebted to the Bank, and days has care of by tl>e interest on the sire notes. Eose A new elevator every two as a bunch of cattle, and his note has by the Mani- It is an undisputablc fact that the basic been the record established fallen due. B, who is doing business at operations foundation of successful livestock pro- toba Wheat I'ool since building the same bank, has a bond or two and to eighty new duction is good breeding and the Gov- began this spring. Close Cossibly a small bank account. The organized this ernment of Alberta, realizingthisfact.has elevator points have been anker asks Farmer A to reduce his erected at passed legislation which permits the year and new elevators will be loan advises to buy cattle. formation of Pure Bred Sire Areas; it and B "They nearly all these points, it is stated by C. now rests with the farmers whether or are a good buy." B fell for it, and when President. H. Burnell, . liquidation hit the country, B took the into not the scrub sire is to be permitted to Over three hundred men divided loss rather than retain his all important and dangerous the Bank. The Banker 'fourteen crews are employed in building position in the livestock wgrld. calls this ," Putting his house in order." these Manitoba Pool elevators. As a result of deflation^ many were com- this Surely they will pass the sentence of Elevators have been completed pelled to mortgage their farms in order Portage, elimination on him and decide upon the month at the following points: to satisfy their creditors. Any concerted Elie, formation of Pure Bred Sire Areas, even Fortier, Oakland, Holland, Sinclair, action on the part of the to though there may be difficulties to over- people get Clearwater, Tillson, Broomhill, Purvis, come. out of debt merely tends to bring on de- Minto and Dand. flation, as every D. C. BRETON. repayment of a loan reduces the volume of money in circula- Telford ville, Alt a. Other Wheat Pool News on Page 17. tion. — o Upper and Nether Millstones WHY DEBT MUST INCREASE Thus th" peoi)le are caught between the Correspond ence upper and nether millstones. It resolvef Editor, The U.F.A. itself into a threefold proposition* First, I should hke to have the privilege of SCRUB SIRES interest and profit —in order to obtain a CONDEMN THE answering an important question brought means for exchange, the people are obliged before the Annual Editor, The U.F.A.: Convention of the to pay interest. When interest and profit Today all through the Province may U.F.A. by Colonel Robinson. accumulate, they are converted into be heard the call to farmers to "sow better Why is it that in an l'>uropean country stocks, bonds and mortgages. with the most highly developed co-opera- seed and grow better crops, also to cam- I am well aware that it is claimed that paign against noxious weeds which, if tive system in the world, farm mortgages Savings are the basis of interest. This have continued to increase? given the chance, will ruin their farms." is merely to becloud the issue and strain What of Alberta's livestock!—Should In those European countries that have at the gnat and swallow the camel. (We not a call go out to the farmers in this brought Co-operation to a high state of are compelled to save to pay the interest connection? —"That they raise better development, there is what is known on our debts). amongst financiers as livestock, types the markets of the world the "Investment Second, inflation —a means of bringing demand, that they eliminate their scrub Banking System." on temporary prosperity under which ft vary from .sires as being just as dangerous to them may somewhat the methods I)eople are induced to expand operations as noxious weeds, and institute pure- followed in this country, but the funda- and go into debt. mental principle is the breds in their place." same. Third, deflation —increases our debt The farmer who raises scrub stock year What the readers of The U.F.A. will by increasing the amount of goods and after year knows he is doing the wrong be interested in, is why the mortgages services that are required to meet a thing, that his scrubs eat just as much (debts) of this country continue to in- given obligation, bringing those who arc crease. During a period of liquidation, feed if not more than good grade animals in debt under the power of the financial through the winter, and when sold do they may decrease in some degree, but system and concentrating the stocks and taking a cycle not realize as much as good grade animals covering a period of in- bonds in the hands of a few. flation deflation would. and (twin curses) the The evil then is one of social injustice, debts will increase, and it is inevitable Then there is the danger of inbreeding, and it will require the best intellect in overlooked by many farmers and dearly under the unified Canadian Banking Canada to bring about an equitable system. There is just one way of getting paid for in the long run. system. . money out of a bank, that we need con- For Successful Production C. EAST. sider, that is, for some person or persons Vermilion, Alberta. The formula surely, for suc^'essful live- to borrow it. . o production is Breeding, Feeding and stock Only Way to Pay Weeding. — Suppose the people of A WARNING FROM INSURANCE It will be said "Farmers know full Canada borrow one_ hundred millions. SUPERINTENDENT well that they should be raising better At the end of the year they will owe the Editor, The U.F.A.: stock, and keeping pure bred sires, but bank the one hundred millions to attention how can the change be brought about?" plus the interest. The It has been brought the The change may be brought about only way that the interest can be paid of this Department that certain com- is by further borrowing. But as it is panies and societies located in the United quite easily if the farmers so desire. Saskatchewan has undertaken to accom- individuals that borrow, some of them States have been circularizing bj' mail or will pay, the only way that they can otherwise in Alberta, literature designed plish it, and what one Province can do pay is to sell some commodity bring applications for Insurance from another can. Ireland has instituted a and buy money,' to and take it to the "banks. This will Canadian correspondents to the head pure bred sire law, and scrub bull elimina- re- duce the volume of money in circulation. office of the company. tion contests are being carried out in Banks do not accept commodities -in Certain of these companies are not New York state. payment of interest, it must be in the licensed in the Province of Alberta, nor as The Alberta Act form of money. By money I mean a matter of fact, in the Dominion of Alberta passed a law last session Bank and Dominion notes, coin, and that Canada, to undertake insurance, and as known as the "Improvement of Stock form of money circulated by cheques. a result, have no legal status in Canada. Breeding Act," which is very similar to Inflation causes a rise in the price- Protection Given the Act passed by Saskatchewan a year level, and people commence to expand No ago. The substance of the act is that their operations. In order to do this The Department considers it advisable by a petition from two-thirds of its resi- they go into debt. When deflation hits in this end, that the public should be dent ratepayers, a rural municipality them (liquidation, the bankers call it), warned that there is nothing in the sta- may be formed into a Pure Bred Sire they are compelled to mortgage. In tu<;es preventing unlicensed insurance Area, when in due course the scrub sires considering the financial problem we cornpanies communicating with persons must be ^ot rid of and only purebreds must include loan and trust companies, in Canada by mail for the solicitation of kept within the area. — insurance companies, stock and mort- business or the collection of premiums or The question will be asked " What gage companies, stock watering, etc. otherwise in connection with insurance. will happen in the case of a farmer who Tt may bp said that banks also Ruffer (Continaed od psse 34) —

May 16th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (401) 17

FORGOTTEN SOMETHINO Land o' Lakes News. —We enter an era of greater combine. Some day the farmer will combine and tell industry it has for- gotten something; that civilization is still dependent upon the soil. Smiles and Better Pool Radio News Health Pretty Little Blonde with No. 3 Tough, Craigmyle, Alta. —Your nyoitbake broadcast last week was certainly splen- did. Especially good were the Glee Singers in "Sig Machi." Ask the "Pretty OGILVIES Little Blonde Girl" to sing "Let's Kiss and Make Up" next Wednesday night. Tli« Tsry flr»t tlm» yo« bak* with Royal Honiehold, ROYAL HOUSEHOLD 70u'll make a diicoTerr Wants Advice re Farming that will mean better henltn Norman McKeracher, Bordenave, Alta. •nd greater bappinesi for FLOUR all your faaiily. Bake with —I received the broadcast last night—it health-glTing Royal Houae- lUoumhtr t» ui your dsaltr for Out httUr fiow came fine. For my part, I would like if bold Flour. the staff would give us advice about THE OaiLVIE FLOUB MILLS 00. LTD, instead of the concert, is farming which WINNIPEG MBDIOINH HJL.T EDMONTON very good of those who volunteer.

Enjoyed Program Mr. and Mrs. John McLaughlin, Mannville. Alta. —We enjoyed the pro- gram of tne Glee Club very well. Also enjoy hearing the announcer giving lec- tures every week as his voice is so clear and distinct. Will close for now, looking forward to hearing more of your broad- casts and wishing the Wheat Pool all success. DGDENS Gold Medallist on Radio Dulcie Bishop, daughter of Max Bishop, CUT PLUG and winner of the Gold Medal for Senior Piano Competition at the recent Welsh Musical Festival, and the Dean's Music — House Silver Cup for highest marks of Soothing any instrumental entry, contributed a piano solo "Slumber Song" by Schumann yet a man^ smoke to the program rendered during the Pool's broadcast Wednesday evening, May 3rd. Mr. Bishop also contributed COOL ANO FRAGRANT ' two numbers. Wednesday Night Suits Oliver Goldsmith, Landonville, Alta. Would like to say we always listen in every week to your Pool broadcasts and enjoy them very much. Wednesday night suits us fine. And we send con- gratulations to the Glee Club artists. They are fine and were extra plain and clear last night, the 18th, so keep up the good work. Glee Club singers! I am sure more enjoy your programs, but like me, put off writing and saying so. The Pool talks are all very good and interesting.

Mclvor on the Air In his radio address Thursday, May 3rd at Regina, George Mclvor of the Central Selling Agency made the following timely remarks: "Yout salesmen have no con- trol over the quality of the product which you give us to sell. I would, however, like you to see that we get the largest possible proportion of Marquis wheat in the grain which you deliver to us next fall. If you could get rid of some of the odds and ends of varieties which seem to have got mixed up with the grain on a great many farms, and if you could turn oyer to us a much higher" proportion of straight Marquis wheat, free from adul- Save the Valuable teration of any kind, your Sales Depart- ment could guarantee you considerably more money when the 1928 crop is sold."

Letter from Clive "POKER HANDS'' A. C. Johnstone. Clive, Alta.— I fully realize how much kick one can get from just a word of congratulation or compli- ment. Your regular weekly broadcasts !

THE U. F. A. May 16th, IV2H

all winter have ooma through flna ovar our "Voice of the Prairie" aet, aad firat may you be eomplimentad on your stead- A Profitable faatnesa. Manv a Friday evening you have stood in the studio as in a shrouded morgue but you never failed us, and a Dairy Herd shadow of guilt creeps over one for not registering a boost at an earlier date. "V^OUR profit as a dairyman The writer is not one who desires to with- hold the bouquets for the open grave. * is not large enough to allow Your broadcasts have come over just as clear and distinct as anything contributed "boarders" in your herd. The from KOMO, Seattle, and it is considered careful choice of high-grade that this is one of the outstanding broad- casters on the continent. It was very animals will double your pro- apparent that too much entertainment was being crammed into Friday night and duction of milk and butter. Every cow is an I think the change to Wednesday has been investment, and a decided improvement. Tonight's con- tribution from the Glee Club was a dis- milk cheques are tinct improvement on the first. Mr. Bishop and his daughter won many the returns: each admirers and I am confident if the Glee Club persists in practice, which I know is anunal should pay you a profit. quite difficult, under the circumstances, they will be equally as popular and com- The pure-bred sire is the pare most favorably with our leading studio stars. We generally have some secret of success in dairying. members of our Local in to hear your The proceeds from the sale of programs, but tonight we are alone. I did not know that these broadcasts were milk, butter and eggs should procurable. I could distribute a dozen of tonight's broadcasts to those of our com- be deposited in the bank for munity who have no radio and who, I A$k for our Milk Weight Book, know, would appreciate same. Thirty future needs. for kupint soar milk record* minutes is too short time to put on much program and a 15 minute address. Quite a number of the users of smaller radio sets do not get your simultaneous broad- The Royal Bank cast from CFAC and CJCA from 8:30 to 9 p.m. because CKLC is on the air from their Calgary studio. We encoun- 9731 of Canada tered a little difficulty once or twice, but we installed a "Kleer Tone" device which beats them to it. CKLC is off the air at 9:30 and I am of opinion that 9:30, 10 or 10:15 p.m. would secure many more to your invisible audience.

Lives of great men oft remind us, As we o'er the pages turn. Not to die and leave behind us tl^patiama Letters which we ought to burn. —Strand.

HE short rail haul to and from the Prov- inces of Alberta Saskatchewan and c/?Ews & Views Vancouver, B. C. has a direct effect upon the welfare of Western Canada. Actually, freight for Canadian Pool rates affect the business and commerce of the Speaks West. Commodities shipped by the short rail H. W. Wood, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Alberta Wheat Pool, haul to Vancouver, via the Panama Canal to was official spokesman and representa- Great Britain, Europe and South America have • tive of the Canadian Wheat Pool to the the saving benefits of lower freight costs. Ship, National Wheat Pool meeting, held at ments from the Atlantic seaboard to Prairie Lincoln, Nebraska, on April 23rd. points are also favored with lower rates owing to the short rail haul from Vancouver. All shippers and consignees should write for the One "Via Vancouver Freight Intelligence and Infor- The Saska. i •)ol figures mation File" a comprehensive compilation of - — that one extr." r. :ured each freight rates costs data, all ready for the day by each T' sjkatchewan

regulation office filing cabinet. Write to would incrci - ,und 350,000 ^ I ^ ^ Secretary, Vancouver Harbour Cominis- bushels a w

One Man's Experience James Hills, Mannville, Alta. —I sold and the Panama Canal my first crop of wheat in 1912 —750 bushels of No. 6 which was graded Feed VANCOUVER HARBOUR COMMISSIONERS by a track buyer in Minburn for 28 cents a bushel. If this had been the experience of every, farmer I do not think many would be outside the Poo). — —

(403) 19 May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A.

Aims of Co-operatives The aims of co-operative marketing are to make farming a more profitable, respected and self-respecting profession. W. M. Jardine.

Want our Seed Wheat A dispatch from Washington states that sentiment in favor of making Cana- 14 NOBLE WHEAT PACKER dian seed wheat available at the lowest price to the American farmer has been growing. This may result in abolition or Made in two sections, with reduction of customs duty on seed wheat 14 packer rolls to each section entering the United States from Canada. This implement was invented Newman on Garnet Wheat by Mr. C. S. Noble, for pack- L. H. Newman, Dominion cerealist, ing land in which spring and states that Garnet wheat is proving to be winter wheat is sown. a very early maturing variety and a high yielder. As regards milling and baking This machine is becoming Garnet do not ap- qualities, Marquis and very popular amongst the pear to differ to an appreciable extent except in color of flour. Flour from Mar- farmers of the Province. quis wheat is whiter than flour from Garnet. Write for further Particulars and Prices The Cause of Humanity No civilization can exist unless agri- MANUFACTURED BY THE culture is contented, happy and pros- perous. Rome's decline as an empire RIVERSIDE IRON WORKS Limited began when agriculture began to lan- CALGARY, ALBERTA Phone E5634 guish. Co-operative marketing, there- fore, is not alone the farmer's cause, not simply the cause of business, but the cause of the nation, the cause of hu- manity itself. Frank (>. Lowden. Sometimes The Sunkist Courier — Charles F. Ket- HIS MAJESTY'S MAIL ting, head of General Motors research de- partment, is quoted as defining co-opera- tion as "agreeing that a thing should be is too, done, finding a man who will undertake your mail, and you can use it at any the task and letting him do the work." time to bank with the Bank of Montreal. A Florida editor says the definition might be expanded by adding, "And then the fellow who did the job cussing out It is safe and convenient to deposit for the methods he used." or withdraw mcmey with us through Good Treatment from Elevator the Post Office. Member of Hayter district. — I want you to know I hear your broadcasts and a lot of good is learned from same, but Ask for fokler tdling how to do it last Wednesday night was bad as other stations came in too close. I am for the Pool more than ever, and am sure there are lots like me, even if they do not let you know of it. As for me, I hate writ- ing. I will also say we get good treat- Bank of Montreal ment from the Pool elevator at Hayter. EstabUshed 1817

"The Spirit of Success" Total Assets In Excess of $830,000,000 Westralian Farmers' Gazette. —Co-opera- tion effectively covers the ground, and those who have recourse to it are the better for it. The rural portion of the countries affected by Agricultural Co- operation has bee': transformed and

raised to hi«rh« > ntire country have gro^ nd the men (and won /> co-operation Ship Your Grain have bee There is remark a Co-opera- TO ti"' ^' ik, calculate, for I ..m business, p of civilization, .vth of population. Ves intelligence. UNITED Grain Growers Ltd. BANK OF HAMILTON CHAMBERS LOUGHEED BUILDING WINNIPEG CALGARY

Get the fullest possible protection 20 (404) THE U. F. A. May IStb, 1928

Interests of the United Farm Women

Senate, are divorce bills, some 180 having Some Interesting Points in Parliamentary already appeared on the Orders of the Day this session for the consideration of Procedure the Commons. These divorce cases come Ottawa, Out. from Quebec and Ontario as they are Dear Farm Women: the only two Provinces which cannot An interesting article by Mrs. For this letter I intended to write grant divorces in their courts. Spencer, describing visit to the something of Parliamentary rules and a I was going to continue and to tell of Royal Mint at Ottawa, will be procedure. I have got lost, however, in the discussion regarding the consideration found elsewhere in this issue. a fearful maze and I am afraid the in of the divorces, but I find the letter will formation I shp'l give you will, to an be much too long and I shall leave that experienced parliamentarian, sound ridic- for another. ulously elementary and incomplete. the opinion of this House, the Govern- Yours sincerely, I have asked numberless questions and ment should consider the advisability of H. ZELLA SPENCER have been answen d in parliamentary establishing a Government Central Bank terms which left me as ignorant as ever, of Rediscount and Note Issue in Canada." I to realize my task was rather and began "For further grants for highway construc- Activities of the U.F.W.A. mo>-e that I bargained for when I turned tion." "For payment of pensions to all to Beauchesne's Parliamentary Rules and former members of the Canadian Expe- Forms and found it a volume of some 500 ditionary Forces who are totally inca- AT SAHAWTO LOCAL shall therefore imagine my pages. 1 pacitated even when attributability of war The co-operative marketing bulletin readers knew as little a^ I did and try service cannot be proven in such cases." and the Egg and Poultry Pool were the to give them ju^t a few notes. Questions, it seems to me are something chief topics of discussion at the last "Orders of the Day" that Governments must sometimes wish meeting of Sahawto U.F.W.A. Local, abolished, for they can be as On every member's desk is found each were em- reports the secretary, Mrs. J. E. Lunderbg. day a small booklet generally referred to barrassing to Governments as to indi- as the "Orders of the Day," which gives viduals. They are, however, one of the SPRING RIDGE ANNUAL MEETING valuable safeguards of proper carrying on the "Routine Proceedings and Orders of The annual meeting of Spring Ridge our country's work. Any member has the Day." The daily routine is first U.F.W.A. Local was held in March, when the right to ask any Minister of the Crown prayers, the Speaker reading prayers one Mrs. T. Mansfield, Mrs. F. Woolston^ and for information relating to public affairs. day in English and the next in French. Mrs. R. F. Duffieid were elected officers. These questions are sent to the Clerk of Then thore arc the reports of the standing "All looks favorable for new Ufe and the House and eventually arrive on the and special committees, motions, intro- interest in the work for the coming year," Order Paper and when they are called ductions of bills, first readings of Senate writes Mrs. Duffieid, the secretary. the Speaker calls them by number and bills, and then the following headings the name of the member who asks the seem to come in different order on differ- BRING MEMBER OR PAT FINE question. If the Department to which ent days: Private bills. Senate amend- the question refers has prepared an At the next meeting of Turin U.F.W.A. ments to private bills, questions, notices Minister calls Local, each member is to bring a new of motion, public bills and orders and answer, the "Answered" and his reply appears in Hansard the member or be fined twenty-five cents, Government notices of motion and Gov- Mrs. G. E. next day. If he is not ready, he says according to a report from ernment orders. Stauth, president, who states: "We are When the Session begins, Mondays, "Stand" and the Speaker goes on to the question, the unanswered one re- having great success with our meetings. Wednesdays and the first four Thursdays next We are now going to discuss a district are called Private Members' day, and maining on the Order Paper. nurse, a community chest, and getting a and Friday are Government Tuesday Purpose and Value of Questions cemetery for the district." days, excepting between the hours of questions are, of course, most eight and nine o'clock on Tuesdays and These AN OUTSTANDING FEATURE Fridays, which are given up to discussing varied in nature and, as I said, can be embarrassing to Governments not "The outstanding feature on the private and public bills. As the session very straight and at the meeting of Fairdonian advances, private members' day is usually walking the narrow way. program at the home of gradually replaced by Government busi- "Why did so-and-so lose such-and-such Valley, recently held was the most excellent ness, very often much to the disgust of a position? Who recommended his suc- Mrs. Carmichael, Mrs. F. W. Weber, some members whose resolutions have not cessor? What salary is paid in each paper delivered by the U.F.W.A. Local. Her been reached. From the name, you will case?" comes from some member who president of unjust political has subject was: 'Why You Should Belong infer that Private Members' day is the feels an appointment in his constituency. British U.F.W.A.' Unfortunately there day when resolutions introduced by pri- been made A to the attendance of non-members; vate members may be discussed, while Columbia man asks, "Is the Government was a small in forestry if felt the least httle bit doubtful of course the other resolutions which are carrying on any work pathology but any British were members, Mrs. Weber's the policy of the Government are brought in the Province of Columbia? If why they is the staff and is thf address convinced them that they be- in as Government resolutions. so, what what of spent during each of longed to a real worth-while organization, A notice of motion (whether by a pri- amount money the last three years?" An Alberta as everyone seemed full of enthusiasm vate member or the Government) is a man acres of coal lands hearing her. We are building up a notice that a resolution will be brought asks how many there after in the of Alberta to successful Local, due to the keen in. You of course understand the differ- are Province which very in fee simple have been issued, interest of the members, co-operating ence between a resolution and a bill. Eatents omeone else asks, "Is the Government with our most efBc' esident." —Mrs. A resolution is brought in to try to get ' considering refusing to continue the li- D. F. MacDo. ' v. the opinion of the House, and if passed cense of the Broadcasting Station the Government is expected to follow it CHCY Edmonton (International Bible Students). HAVE C sometime with a bill based upon it, which If so, for what reason?" when passed is written on the statute A novel featur ar- books and becomes law. Equally important is the right of a ranged by Hillsi( member to ask for the production of their meetings dv; U.F.A. Some Resolutions papers with reference to public business. tinned story, nine Under the Notices of Motions, I no- The difference in this case is that the chapters at ticed the names of several of our U.F.A. sanction of the House has to be obtained, program in ^* men with proposed resolutions that are but it is only on matters where it is con- People's the expressions of opinion of our U.F.A. sidered not in the best interests of the "Carr- Conventions. "That in the opinion of public to give out information that the Mrs this House, the Government should con- Government refuses, and then the reasons Nr' sider the advisability of the continuance for the refusal are stated. r of the Technical Education Grant for a By far the greater number of Senate further period of ten years." "That in bills, or those which originate in the May 15th, 1928 T H |E U. F. A. (405) 21

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22 (406) THE U. F. A. May ISth, 1928

"World Peace," Mrs. Harvey: paper, Lakeview and Loyalty during the sum- Jn\j: Roll Call, Meat Substitates; "Raising Plants for Vegetable Garden," mer," states Mrs. Townsend. Life in the Argentine, Mrs. Willis. Mrs. Loader; Sewing Demonjtration; "We have a Flower Fund for the sick August: Roll Call, Salads; Training report, "Social Service," Mrs. Swartij of the community, especially those away the Child in the Home, Mrs. Biggs. paper, "Care of Separator and Cream,' in hospitals. The ladies put on a most September: Roll Call, Hints on Can- Mrs. Hoskins; paper, "Our Duty to the successful concert and dance in March, ning; Address from the School Inspector, Foreign Immigrant," Mrs. Young; paper, and received many compUments on their Mr. McLean. "Vocations for Women," Mr«. H. Marr; program." October: Roll Call, Proverbs; Con- Report on Marketing, Mrs. Loader; Meetings for the remainder of the year test. paper, "Beauty Culture," Mrs. Swartz; will be held at the members' homes. The November: Roll Call, On tne Manage- paper, "Intelligence Tests," Mrs. Howes; program, of which the chief items are ment ol Husbands; Social afternoon, A number of interesting topics for answers given below, includes also a "Local Paper" members' husbands as guests. to roll calls are comprised in this program. for each meeting, prepared by various December: Roll Call, Last Minute members. Gifts; Annual Meeting. June: Roll Call, Summer Drinks; January ri929): Roll Call, Tongue PLEASE SEND NAME Demonstratioi wash plackets and button- Twisters; Rural Life in Denmark, Mrs. P^A lady from Alliance ordered pattern holes. J. Woods. No. 6086, but neglected to give her name. If she will write to the Pattern Depart- ment, her order will be forwarded at once. A Visit to the Royal Mint at Ottawa MRS, CARLSON'S BEREAVEMENT How Our Gold, Silver, Nickle and Copper Coins are Made—And How "Cheque" We record with deep regret the sudden Money Has Displaced Coins and Bills for over 90 per cent of Our Financial bereavement of Mrs. T. M. Carlson, Transactions U.F.W.A. Director for Cardston, whose husband died ou May 3rd, after a very By H. ZELLA SPENCER short illness. Mrs. Carlson's many It struck me that you might like to does them at the rate of 320 in one friends in t)ie organization will sym- hear of some of the buildings and insti- minute, and when the three machines pathize with her in her loss. tutions ol which you as ratepayers are are working they can do 960 in one minute. partial owners. I accordingly betook They then go to a marking machine, OFFERING FRIZES myself on one day of the session to the where the edges are marked and there it, watching again they are rushed along at the rate Okotoks U.F.W.A. Local is offering Royal Mint and went over getting ps much of 600 a minute. Again they go into an prizes to the boys or girls bringing in the the various processes and you. oven and are heated or annealed, and largest number of magpies' and crows' information as I could for Mint then the impressions are made at the eggs and feet, states Mrs. K. Anderson The first discovery was that the at all; it operates rate of 102 a minute. The coins drop Bell, Secretary. This Local is opening isn't our institution Great out of this machine singly and regularly a farm women's market, where vege- directly under the Royml Mint of Mint is through three different slots, the centre tables, eggs, cream, butter and home Britain and the Master of the at one marked "Standard" the one on the cooking will be sold every Saturday. the Chancellor of the Exchequer, present Winston Churchill. The Mint left "Light" and the one to the right "Heavy". This machine is so finely IS responsible to Canada only for the SIBBALD that if a coin is DEATH OF HAROLD work done for her. It was established in adjusted one-hundredth part of a grain over or The death occurred on May 4th of 1908 and of course makes all our coins under weight it is Harold Sibbald, only eon of Mr. and from metal from Canada and also has cast aside as not coming up to standard. The imperfect ones are of course remelted, Mrs. J. B. Sibbald, who have been active done some for other countries such as members for many years of the U.F.A. Newfoundland and Jamaica. as are the pieces of the strips remaining when the coins are cut. and U.F.W.A. in the Delia district and The place wears somewhat the sir of When watching these machines it more recently in Calgary. The late Mr. a penitentiary, with its high iron gates struck one that money was minted Harold Sibbald, was in charge, prior to and sentry-like building at its entrance, much faster than it was earned. Also it the lingering illness of which he died, of with a guard who allows the holder of was interesting to watch such extreme accur- the stock department of the Calgary permits to enter. Unlike a prison, it is acy. who deal in different Motors. He was 25 years of age. The guarded to keep outsiders out rather We commo- dities are apt to be more slipshod in our many friends of the family will join with than the inmates in. work. I wonder if constant attention us in sympathy with Mr. and Mrs. and The First Process such detail makes for a Miss Sibbald in their bereavement, which to greater accur- we record with deep regret. A moit obliging guide took us round and acy for everything in life? explained the various processes. All the A $10,000 "Brick" metals go through the same process, being Later on we went to see a piece of gold JUNIORS' HELP VALUABLE first melted, then put into molds that ready for coins; it was shaped like a brick, inches "Our concert in Rosewood School, un- make rectangular bars, some three but if my mental picture is correct it der the directorship of Mr. Andrew across, — I an not famous as a judge was not quite so large. I went to pick Crawford, was a great success," states a of space—and much longer. They are it up with one hand from the counter, report from Mrs. Mary Tostevin, secre- then put in water and cooled. From here but found that quite impossible; I was tary of Rosewood U.F.W.A. Local. "We they are transferred to another "room and forgetting that gold is the second heaviest owe a great deal of the success to the put through a machine which reminds metal and so a great weight is compressed Rosewood Juniors who so willingly took one of a wringer, only that the rollers on into small volume. It was worth, I part in the dialogues. We are also indebted this "wringtr" ara 35 tons in weight and learned, $10,000—1 held it in my hand to Misses E. McGowan, J. Foster, D. it is put through them some 25 or 30 for a minute to experience the sensation Legeer, M. Anderson, M. Cox, Mrs. times. It comes ou^ much elongated but and of course it was weighed most accur- Thomas Crawford, Messrs. Ivan Ander- the same width as before and the neces- ately being marked 5111.800 grains, for son, W. Tostevin and Ellis Anderson, sary taickness of a coin. one-thousandth part of an ounce is worth who all came forward with some very The copper for the cents is 95 per cent two cents. good singing, and Mr. George Legeer, copper, IJ per cent zinc and 3i per cent As I held that piece of gold I won- who gave some excellent piano selectidns. tin; the silver for the silver coins is dered what it would represent when it Our last meeting was held at the home 80 per cent silver and 20 per cent copper, went into circulation. On the one hand of Mrs. G. Laing. General business was the nickle is pure nickle and the gold hours of toil on the farm and in the house, discussed, and a nice lunch served at the coins 90 per cent gold and 10 per cent in the mines and on the seas, nursing ana close of the meeting." copper. The copper, the zinc and the teaching, long hours over desks or much nickle come to the Mint ready to use, I brain fag for the mental worker, and on LIKED MRS. GOODWIN'S PAPER understand, but the gold has to be refined the other hand chiljdren educated, com- again. fortable houses, debts paid, and untol'' MrB. Goodwin's paper, "What Bene- Faster Than Cutting Cookies desires satisfied. fits Do We Derive from the U.F.W.A.?" Coins Minor Part of Exc>> was exceptionally good, writes Mrs. S. V. A'ter being pressed out into the proper "TownseBd, corresponding secretary of thickness the coins are then punched out The Mint does not run Cornwall Valley U.F.W.A. Local. "We of this strip as one cuts cookies from a output, but if coins werr of exchange it wo'' have a motion on record to have Mrs. flat stri . of dough, only at 8 rather greater dium Goodwin give it again when we meet with speed than we attain, 'or one maehine to do BO. Today bills'^ IVIay 15tb, 1928 THE U. F. A. (407) 23

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TOi ^nd Tumors successfully treated FOR PARTICULARS WRITE OR APPLY i;emovedKwitlioot knife orpaijt HON. R. G. REID W. V. NEWSON AlUymteioiaranteed. Come, at Provincial Treaaurer Deputy Prov. Treaturar i^nffBBffreeSautitorlum book Drvigm&I^MS SANATORIUM PARLIAMENT BUILDINCSS. EDMONTON, ALBERTA

i25,VB»tTiityAy.,Mi»»«p«lii , Mime 24 (408) THE U. F. A. May ISth, 1928

the place of gold and other coinB and few people realize that even taking the bills into consideration with the coins The U.F.A. they make up only 4 per cent of the HOUSEWIVES medium of exchange, the balance being Pattern Department ALL OVER made up of what is termed cheque money, and the tendency is that owing to its WESTERN convenience this will be increased. In Send order to The V.F.A. Pattern England, for instance, where the popu- Department, Lougheed BIdg., Calgary. CANADA lation is not so scattered, the total Allow ten days for receipt of pattern. amount of bills and coins amounts to Be sure to give name, address, size and only 7-100 of one per cent. number of pattern required. -SAY— You will remember that banking re- form is one of the subjects where several of our U.F.A. members have taken a prominent part. Many people have been surprised at the knowledKe of economics shown by the farmers, not realizing that the U.F.A. has been a wonderful educa- SPILLERS tional factor. Credit Control Most Important Those who have made it a study realize "BAKE-RITE" that the control of the country's credit is far more important that the control of gold which, as stated above, is a very small part of the medium of exchange. The wrong use of credit can bring about FLOUR a lack of purchasing power which means that less goods will be bought, which means that there is not the demand for manufactured goods, or in other words, MAKES MORE causes unemployment and all its accom- AND BETTER panying misery. When, therefore, there is not pur- BREAD chasing power enough to pay for the goods at home, each country seeks a market abroad. So fierce becomes the compelition of the many nations for mar- You will enjoy the delightful kets that it ends in war. difference of Bread made from I am wandering from the Mint, and most of us get rather beyond our depth "BAKE-RITE" when we try to express ourselves clearl}' on economics, but I merely wanted you to see why our representatives have given and are continuing to give the subject 6112. Dress for Junior and Miss. AT ALL 80 much attention. Cut in 4 Sizes: 14, 16, 18 and 20 years. An 18 year size requires GOOD GROCERS 8} yards of 39 inch material. To make yoke facings and cuffs of con- Seasonable Recipes trasting material will require } yard wide. The underbody will By AUNT CORDELIA 32 inches require 1 vard 32 inches wide. The width of the Dress at the lower edge Orange Marmalade. Take seven or- with plaits extended is IJ yards. anges, five lemons, and one grapefruit, Price 15c. boil in water two hours; throw away the 6118. A Practical Model. fruit in halves, water; cut the remove Cut in 8 Sizes: 38, 40, 42, 44, seeds, scoop pulp and juice into preserving 46, 48, 50 and 52 inches bust meas- kettle; slice the rinds thinly; weigh, and ure. A 44 inch size requires IJ yard add 3 lbs. of sugar to each 2 lbs. of fruit; of 36 inch material. To finish as boil slowly until clear. illustrated in the large view will require 3 5-8 yards of bias binding. In response to a request for "a white Price 16c. cake recipe, not too extravagant," the following is reprinted ffom a cook-book published in 1877. Possibly sorae of our readers could supply more elaborate Pathetic Blindness of recipes for Angel's Food or Silver Cake; if so. Aunt Cordelia would like to have Sincere Pacifists them for publication in this column.

White Cake. One-half cup butter, Futile to Fight Economic Forces with TOOTHACHE two cups sugar, three-quarters cup milk, Mere Idealism—Economic Recon- three cups flour, three teaspoons baking straction Only Road to Peace. Bathe face with ^nard's. powder, whites of four eggs, almond Fill cavitiea with cotton (From The New Age, London, Eng.) soaked in Minard's. Sure flavoring. World affairs would not have reached and quick relief. Gold Cake. For gold cake, use the 71 so pariloHS a pass as they have were not above recipe, substituting yolks of eggs Great White Liniment siactre idsalists so pathetically blind to The and rose flavoring. th« r«al causes of war. This lack of Corn Oysters. 1 can corn, 2 eggs, 1 economic realism was the whole secret of tablespoon flour, § teaspoon salt, pepper. the tragedy of President Wilson. As the Beat eggs separately, add yolks to corn, proclamation of an ideal his Fourteen mix in pepper, salt, flour, stir in whites Points were splendid, and naturally gently. Put butter in hot frying pan, aroused the utmost enthusiasm among the drop in large spoonfuls of mixture; turn mass of the democratic parties through- as for hotcakes. This is recommended aa out the world. For most of these utterly a good lunch or supper dish by Mrs, A. B. failed to realize (though themselves con- Wall. tinually asserting) the irresistible domi- May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (409) 25

nance of economic factors. And so, whei the new Don Quixote met his ii^evitabld overthrow, he was assailed with a weai howl of betrayal." In fact, his Maly\ fault was the initial mistake of setting ortit to fight economic forces with mere politi- cal idealism. That is as hopeful a pro- ceeding as it would be for a football team to think that, by playing soccer, it could beat a team that was determined to play rugby. The most brilliant dribbling and the most delicate combination would be pulverized in no time by the brutally simple plan of picking up the ball and running. The Wilsons and Robert Cecils may cry out, "We have proclaimed a new era; a different code is now in force; you are breaking the rules." But there is no referee to whom to appeal; the dark forces of cosmopolitan finance are their own referee. In the face of relentless economic facts, the statesman armed only with "points" though they were a himdred in- stead of fourteen, stands ridiculously helpless. A timid bleat has recently been raised in the Liberal press for the freedom of the seas as a plank at the Washington Conference. There will be even less free- dom of the seas in the next war than in the IT the USE IN ALL YOUR last, and America, as first naval power BAKING in the world, will, least of all the nations, desire or even tolerate anything of the kind. There will be no rules indeed in the next war, no restraints of humanity or honor. As recently as the Crimean war, our Running Government could still reject with horror ^ the proposal of a very mild version of a gas attack. But the romantic period of Water soldiering had not then closed, the econo- mic motive of warfare was not yet fully developed. The full-blown economic war of the future will be a naked struggle for existence in the world of intensive econo- mic competition, in which it is increasing- ly difficult for individuals, classes, or nations to survive. A whole nation will itcnen n« new Fairbanks-Horse Born* be devoting its concentrated energies, by Water System eiref ample runnine water at the turn fair means or foul, and with the aid of all of a tay. This stm^y little automatic pomp, the resources of science, to destroy an- in its bine lacquered container stands other nation, men, women and children only 21" hich. Sflent. Automatic without distinction. Guaranteed. Why toil at pumpine and Inreiae Press Darkens Counsel Infhe water when so little money will pve you complete Unfortunately the Press only darkens freedom — youTl be astonaded t* ^athroom find how cheaply and easily it can counsel in this matter. Every now and be installed. then, indeed, it does print a sentence which seems to go to the fundamental issues. But it immediately proceeds to The Canadian put on this the most banal interpretations forafewcents FAIRBANKS - it can find, and to switch off the discus- MORSE Company Limited sion on to a cloud of minor details. Thus St. John, The Times tells us, "The grounds of war Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, Windsor, Winnipeg, Recina. are to be found especially in economic Caleary, Edmonton, Vancouver, relations," and "if economic relations are Victoria put upon a reasonable footing, something will have been done to make war im- possible." Excellent, we begin to think; but then " is we find that The Times only wants to There a Tide in talk about the conference at The Hague on International law. It has in mind the Affairs of Men—" such pettifogging points as rules relating to "the sale of goods, to merchandise If you can learn to save one dollar each marks, to companies, to contractual ca- week regularly — unfailingly — the tide of pacity, to jurisdiction." None of these success will carry you along. Perhaps few things matter beside the fundamental fact that the international economic sys- people realize that the training gained tem of each nation drives it irresistibly through systematic saving will be worth into war. If several leading nations were more in itself than the actual money set to agree on a change of that system and aside. co-operate in introducing the new in- dustrial order, that would be best of all; This Bank will be glad to have your account any form of co-operative commonwealth must, for its perfect development, be- come international. But meanwhile, it is open to a single nation to switch its IMPERIAJ- BANK own economic life on to a new basis, and OF CANADA if one important nation were to embark on this course, all others would necessarily 190 BRANCHES IN DOMINION OF CANADA follow before long. — — —

May 16th, 2b (41Uj THE U. F. A. — 1928

fiecea^ b^ause the electors will have no hoice of candidates. A single ticket will Junior Activities be ofesented to the select electors, and they U. F. A. ctvn accept it or leave it alone. These "ttcket" Watchword: SERVICE MoUo: EQUITY candidates, moreover, will have to obtain the o.k. of the Fascist Grand Council, which body has enacted the new system of voting that will uproot the the meeting was dispensed with, the Dear Jtmiors: last signs of democracy in Italy. you, there young people enjoyed a program and By the time this reaches When the thing is reduced to its essen- before the dancing. There were twenty-five mem- will be less than two weeks tials, what do we find? That Mussolini not already bers present. The Lockhart Juniors put Conference and if you have is virtually the only one who has any say there is no time to on a very successful play at Lockhart chosen your delopate in the composition of the Chamber of is now over and after spring work are planning on lose—do it now! There Deputies. The electors have to be Conference staging it at Gilby. four hundred dollars in the Fascists in good standing, with a few Fund—with three weeks yet to go. We exceptions which do not matter. But enabled to PROVE GOOD ACTORS are confident that we will be they can vote only for candidates ap- large per pay back, if not all, at least a The Knob Hill Juniors, of Bulwark, proved by the Fascist Grand Council. cent of the railway fare. staged a very successful play in April. And members of the Grand Council are afford to send you, If your Local cannot A very large crowd was in attendance named by Mussolini himself. Hafs off get why not go as a visitor? You will and all enjoyed it immensely. Gate re- to the One Big Vote! just as just as much pleasure, receive ceipts for this first social affair of the the great an amount of benefit as will Knob Hill Juniors totalled seventy-eight go and delegate. Make arrangements to dollars. A Song for Churning send your registration in to the Univer- your letter of Churning is music; sity. When you send in ENJOY COMMUNITY SINGING remit one dollar for regis- Come, child, and learn registration, Although the meeting of the Stanmore fee. This will be credited to your Old dance steps tration Juniors was not as well attended as it University expenses. From a rythmic chum. . might have been, those who were present Then, too, Junior members, dont the had a most enjoyable time. Miss Amy Come, child, and hear forget the public speaking contest and being Adams, the Secretary of the Local, led What the dasher is saying three very beautiful medals that are in community singing and in the absence Of wind in clover. the three best speeches. Just given for of the president, the vice-president. Miss a gold medal wUh an Of grasses swaying. imagine receiving Christine Zachariason, carried out the on one side and the U.l'.A. inscription duties of chairman most efficiently. Come, make your body Wouldn t you monogram on the otherl A slim green stem. proud possessor of such a like to be the JUNIORS WEINER SUPPER Make your arms, flowers in silver, or in ENCHANT medal? Or a iimilar one With rain At the April meeting of the Enchant on them. bronze? You need not be a delegate to Juniors, Verner Strandberg was elected take part in this contest; so long as you Make leaves of your fingers as delegate to the Junior Conference. are a member of the organization and Young leaves a flutter; play was put on on April 13th and under twenty-five years of age, you are A Come, child, and dance proved very successful. After the play eligible. The subject of the talk must To the splashing of butter. a weiner supper was served and dancing be on some phase of the farmers' move- —Ethel Romig Fuller. then enjoyed. clearance of over ment. Choose your own topic within that was A hundred dollars was made. All stage limitation and send me the name of your one decorations and scenes were made by the subject and of the Local to which you Social Committee, and Miss Ellen HARVESTING THE HOWLER CROP belong and also write to Mr. A. E. Otte- Howg From schoolboys' science papers: Department of Extension, University directed the play. well, The earth makes a resolution every Alberta, giving him the same infor- of U.F.A." twenty-four hours. mation. Have your application signed "OUR JUNIOR The difference between air and water the secretary and president of your In our last issue we printed a little is by that air song, "Our Junior U.F.A." composed by can be made wetter and water Local. cannot. We are looking forward to a large at- a member of the Junior Organization. We are now the masters of steam and at the Conference and to a Unfortunately we failed to mention the tendance eccentricity. splendid time. Don't miss this glorious name of the composer. The words, which Things that are equal to each other are opportunity. were written to the tune of "Yes, Sir, equal to anything else. Looking forward to meeting you all That's My Baby", were written by Miss Gravity is chiefly noticiable in the at the University next month, I am Dolly Slemp, of Fleet Junior Local. autumn, when the apples are falling Sincerely yours, from EDNA M. HULL, the trees. The axis of the earth is an imaginary Junior Secretary. BIG VOTE" THE "ONE line on which the earth takes its daily Ottawa Citizen routine. MEETING Gradually but surely the ultimate in HOLD VOCATIONAL A parallel straight line is one which if Fascism is being reached. What is that At the April meeting of the Hillside produced to meet itself doee not meet. ultimate and logical goal? It is the re- Wide - Awakes, Wallace Marr was chosen Electricity and lightning are of the duction of the number of voters in Italy as delegate to the Junior Conference. same nature, the only difference being to one. Need it be said who that one will Two very interesting papers, "Prevention that lightning is often several miles long, be? of Sow Thistle in Canada," and "Trees to while electricity is only a few inches. is the way it is working out. Beautify the Home" were read by the Here Boston Transcrivt. Long ago Mussolini eliminated those Vocational Committee. A very enjoy- voters wno did not agree with him. Dis- able evening was spent by all. franchisement has been going on for AFTER THE HONEYMOON a long time. But it has been mostly of ROSTTH JUNIORS REORGANIZE "Now," said the bridegroom to the a petty and vindictive kind. Now, how- On April 18th the Rosyth Juniors held bride when they returned from their ever, II Duce is going to disfranchise by honeymoon trip, "let us have a clear a reorganization meeting, when eighteen wholesale. turned out understanding before we settle down to young people to once more The details of the new political system married life. Are you the President or form a Junior Local. OflBcers elected have, in broad outlines, been broadcast. were: President, Harold Gorley, vice- the Vice-President in this household?" Universal suffrage is to be ended. Walter Kobitszch, "I want to be neither President nor president, secretary- Women will not vote. The right to vote Millar. Vice-President," she answered. "I will be treasurer, Edith During the for members of the Chamber of Deputies will content with a subordinate position," summer months meetings be held the one important suffrage left the — "What position is that, dear?" once a month. is be limited Italian people — to to those "Treasurer!" TAe Royal. who pay their dues to the Fascist organiza- STAGE SUCCESSFUL PLAT tion and "categories of producers, active Esther Hertzman and James Layton contributors to the advancement of the were elected as delegates to the Con- nation." GENTLE BRICKBAT ference at the April meeting of the In theory such a system mi^ht be de- "Have you heatd that Edna is engaged? Lockhart Juniors. After the business of fended. But under Fascism it goes to "No; who's the plucky man?" Lije. . ..

May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (411) 27 GUARANTEED 4 tincinsulateg Fences ^SLmifl^^^t INSULATED AGAINSTAGALNST RURUST . '^Mlg^M^t, ^^^^^^^^ ^^.yVi^ rn *vrv ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Ask Your Dealer for the £xfm Written Guarantee F. O. a. Wianip«c Sales Tax

•CHA\!F^ION" STIFF STAY AND HINGE JOINT FENCES

STIFF STAY FENCE HINGE JOINT MEDIUM FENCE GATES FOR FARM AND LAWN Top and Bottom Wires No. 9 HOT GALVANIZED FRAMES rXJLL GAUOE No. 9 WIBE intermediates and Stays No. 12 33' 22' Size Plain Scroll Scroll Top 4 line wires, high, stays apart, 7 line wires, 26' high, stays 12' apart, 433 24c Ft. ins. Frame Tops Lawn 9 per rod, 100 rods weigh 550 lbs. . . 726 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh lbs. . . 31c 600 Filling 3 x36 high 5 line wires, 40' high (even spaced) 7 line wires, 41' high, stays 12' apart, $3.65 741 36c 3 x42 high , 3.86 540 stays 22' apart, 9 per rod, 100 rods 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 650 lbs. . 3 x48 high weigh 700 lbs 35c $3.60 $4.00 4.05 832 8 line wires, 32' high, stays 12' apart, 37c 3Jx36 high 3.76 16 per rod, 100 rods 680 lbs. . 3*i42 high 6 line wires, 40' high stays 22' apart, weigh 4.16 640 40c 3ji48 high 3.70 4.20 4.66 9 per rod, 100 rods weigh 800 lbs.. . 8 line wires, 45' high, 12' apart, 845 stays 41c 8 x48 high 6.76 6.90 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 730 lbs. . . 10 i36 high 7 line wires, 40' high, stays 22' apart, 9.75 740 line 39' 12' 10 x42 high 10.00 9 per rod, 100 rods weigh 880 lbs. . . 46c 9 wires, high, stays apart, 939 42c 10 x48 high 7.26 8.36 10.60 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 760 lbs. . . high 7 hne wires, 48' high, stays 22' apart .^O 1 _ 12 x48 7.96 9.05 12.00 748 9 Une wires, 49' high, stays 12' apart 14 x48 high 8.66 9.76 9 per rod, 100 rods weigh 910 lbs.. .^0 2*' 949 45c 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 800 lbs. . . 16 x48 high 9.46 10.66 16 x48 high doable 11.50 13.80 936 9 line wires, 36' high, stays 16J* apart, 12 per rod, 100 rods weigh HINGE FENCE 1,180 lbs 65c JOINT GARDEN Top and Bottom Wires Fall Oange No. 12 POSTS J' Intermediates and Stays No. 13 9 line wires 50' high, stays 16 "BANNER" PAINTED POSTS 950 apart, 12 per rod, 100 rods weigh/?/? 1 _ 11 hne wires, 34' high, stays 6' apart, BUILT LIKE A RAILROAD RAIL i;225 1bs,.. .OOgC 1134 45c 33 per rod, 100 rods weigh 790 lbs . 6y long. Approximate shipping weight 9.5 10 line wires, 48' high, stays 16i' 43' 12' 46c 14 line wires, high, stays . . 1048 lbs.. with cUps, each. . apart, 12 per rod, 10 rods weigh 1443 apart, 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 790 1.325 lbs 72c 45c 7' long. Approximate shipping weight 10 Ibs.^O — with clips, each *t01> 15 line wires, 48' high, stays 12' 1548 apart, 16 per rod, 100 rods weigh 7i' long. Approximate shipping weight 11 lbs., CO — POULTRY FENCE 850 lbs 52c with chps, each , Intermediates and Stays No. 12 8§' long. Approximate shipping weight 13 'b8.,/?0^ VidV, Top and Bottom Wires No. 9 with cUps, each SPECIAL No tools necessary for attaching clips. 18 hne wires, 48' high, stays 8' apart, "Champion" Hinge Joint Hog Fence 1848 25 per rod, 100 rods weigh 1225 lbs. 70c "CHAMPION" GALVANIZED POSTS TOP AND BOTTOM WIRES No. 9 20 line wires. 60' high, stays 8' apart, INTERMEDIATES AND STATS No. 13 "CHAMPION" Galvanized Line Posts, No. 16 2060 25 per rod, 100 rods weigh 1325 lbs. 80c Gauge, 7}' long. Approximate shipping weightCC^, 7 hne wires, 26' high, stays 6' apart, OA^ 79A lbs ' ^«-' 33 per rod 100 rods, weigh 600 lbs. Si 22 hne wires, 72' high, stays 8' apart, Line Posts, No. 13 2272 25 per rod, 100 rods weigh 1475 lbs. 88c "CHAMPION" Galvanized Sline wires, 32 6' apart, Q'lT 'high, stays rjQ-, Gauge. 7J' long. Approximate shipping weightggg 33 per rod, 100 rods -weigh 660 lbs. OUK,

6 HINGE JOINT FENCE Q "20 9 line wires, 39 ' high, stays ' apart, 4 O _ y-'^ 33 per rod, 100 rods weigh 760 lbs. '*OC FULL GAUGE No. 9 WIRE PAINTED ANGLE POSTS 2' X 2' X i' 4 line wires, 36' high (even spaced) FOR CORNERS, ENDS, GATES 436 24' GALVANIZED LAWN FENCING stays apart, 8 per rod, 100 rods Weight Posts Weight Posts PICKET UPRIGHT WIRES No. 9 Length 24c OR Approx. Corner Approx. End A Height in Cable wires No. 13_ Double Loop Gate 7 line wires, 41' high, stays 16' aoart, Inches Single Loop Pickets 3' at top 741 12 per rod, rods 3 $4.95 62.6 $3.40 100 weigh 975 lbs. . 54c Pickets ' apart li' at bottom .82 7' 8'. 5.45 68 3.70 8 line wires, 45' high, stays 16' apart, 36' 10c per foot 14 0 per foot .92.5 845 12 per rod, 100 rods weigh 1100 58c lbs. 42' 12o per foot 16c per foot Ball Tops for "CHAMPION" Line PosU 20c 9 line wires, 39' high, stays 16' apart, 47' 15c per foot 19o per foot 939 12 per rod, 100 rods weigh 1180 lbs. 65c "CHAMPION" Steel Driving Cape $2.76 16' Flower Guard 8o per foot 10 line wires, 52' high, stays 16' Where "CHAMPION" Line Posts are used no clips 21' Flower Guard lOo per foot 1052 apart, 12 per rod, 100 rods weigh or staples necessary. Fence wires are attached by 1360 lbs 72c Cutting to special lengths add lo per foot. self contained cUps on the poets themselvee

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28 (4 12 THE U. F. A. May 16th, 1928

Binder Twine Industry and Tariff Protection

An Effective Answer to Demand Which Would Involve Higher Prices for Farm Commodity

During the sittings of the Canadian Tariff Board, certain companies engaged in the manufacture of binder twine made a very strong effort to convince the Board of the necessity for tariff on this essential of the Canadian farmer^ that is to say, for an increase in the price to be paid by the producers. Some years ago, it will be remembered, the Brantford Cordage Company, in articles published in the press, cited its own success and great expansion under free trade conditions as vindicating a free trade policy. Correspondence, calling attention to this particular firm's lack of any desire or need for protection, was received by The U.F.A., four years ago, and is on our files. That no plausible pretext for a tariff on binder twine can be adduced today, even on the grounds usually advanced by protectionists, is conclusively shown in the following editorial, which appeared in the Manitoba Free Press: "The demand for a duty on binder twine, made by the heads of the Brant- ford Cordage Company and another com- pany in ^iontreal, is hailed with great satisfaction by protectionist journfils as Attractive indicating the universal need for assist- ance against outside competition. But the binder twine industry has been in a Color on the reasonably good position in past years without any tariff protection and there has been no increase in imports during the last year or two which can be cited in Roof! support of the demand now being made. "In 1914 the imports were 36,700,000 pounds and the exports 4,600,000 pounds, leaving a net importation of 32,100,000 ROOFS that Iglisten in the sunshine and sug-gest a ruddy cheer pounds, while in the fiscal year ending in the dullest weather—are in popular demand. March 31st, 1927, last, the imports were 29,200,000 and exports 13,600,000, leav- Just a dollars spent on few SHINGLE PAINT ing the net importation of 15,600,000 will add the finishing touch to your home. pounds —less than half that in 1914. Again, the importation from the United For ®^5e2^2? >• * true oil paint—specially made to impart amounting to a permanent lustrous finish to either new or parched and weather- States was heavy in 1924, beaten shingled surfaces: 52,000,000 pounds, but in the next three years it was 24,700,000 pounds, 39,100,000 Your choice of 8 solid permanent colors and you pounds and 18,000,000 pounds respec- last can change the existing color when desired. Tile tively, the latter figure being for the Red, Persian Red, Arabian Brown, Acorn Brown, Steel fiscal year. The record of total imports Grey, Grass Green, Venetian Green, Black- Each spreads for the twelve months ending October evenly and thinly and is so economical in use. 3l8t last, compared with the correspond- ing period a year pre^nous, is also very illuminating. For the year ending Octo- G. F. STEPHENS & CO. LIMITED ber 31st, 1926, the imports were 28,500,000 and exports 8,000,000—net imports 20,- WINNIPEG . CANADA 0;«^*«« 500,000 pounds. For the year ending October 31s< last the imports were 19,500,000 and the exports 21,800,000 a balance of 2,300,000 pounds actually infavor of the exports. "Where, then, is the sudden pressure of outside competition that calls for tariff protection? "The Tariff Board will investigate any application that may be made to it, and PLEASE GIVE NAMES the Ottawa Citizen, in referring to the Brantford Company, remarks: 'The To Secretaries of U.F.A. and U.F.W.A. Locals: board may want to know whether a change in the financing of the business, WHEN REMITTING DUES TO CENTRAL OFFICE. KINDLY including the reported transfer of a large BE SURE THAT YOU GIVE THE NAMES OF THE MEMBERS WHOSE measure of control from the capable hands of the original owners to others of less If will do this, it will save addi- DUES YOU ARE FORWARDING. you conspicuous ability, has influenced the tional correspondence and will be greatly appreciated. more recent career of the Brantford Cord- age Company. One flaw in protection- CENTRAL OFFICE, UNITED FARMERS OF ALBERTA ism is that no tariff can protect an industry Lougheed Building Calgary, Alberta against mistakes of management, or of financing.' "It is also worth noting that the May 15tb, 1928 (413; 29

International Harvester Company at Hamilton added a binder twine mill a year or so ago. That was done without any promise or prospect of a tariff on twine. It was plainly assumed that the industry could be carried on successfully in Canada without the aid of protection. "The argument that the binder twine industry should be aided by the tariff because other industries are, is not very Crast/ sound. In the United States, which is always cited as a model country as far as protection is poncerned, there is no Does your husband praise tariff duty on binder twine. It is on the free list and so are all kinds of farm your pie crust ? You can implements and many other things re- quired by the farmer in his business. please him with flaku That is because agriculture is a basic industry and one which cannot afford to fcrown crust made with bear the burden of protection for other industries which supply the things with which the farmer works. "There is just as strong an argument RobinHood for keeping binder twine on the free list in Canada." FI/OUR Why the U.F.A. Group Are Able to Fight Positive MONEY BACK Guarantee in each bat

Ottawa Correspondent Contrasts Inde- pendent Farmers' Position With That of Saskatchewan Liberals (T. Wayling, in The Country Guide.) The Saskatchewan Liberal group has Introducing been somewhat of an enigma in the House this year. Usually fairly vocal, they have become coldly silent. They had no love for the budget. To be frank about it, they did not approve. To defend it would have placed them in a diflBcult position later on. They feel too that an attack pressed home would gain nothing unless they were willing to An easu mimingJast Threslim^, throw the party overboard and force an election. No section of the House wanted Gram Saving Separator that. Saskatchewan kept silence with a silence that was a clear-toned intimation Massey-Harris now offer threshermen and fanners a stationary threshing to the Government that unless a change machine of exceptional merit and efficiency. Made by Sawyer-Massey came next year, they might call on the Ltd., Hamilton, Ont. for Massey-Harris-Co., Ltd., thus is combined the long building threshers with the rainmaker in the shape of a general election. experience of the former in extensive noted tor its prompt and efficient service. The U.F.A. group, upon the other hand, organization of Massey-Harris has been fairly active. They are more The New Massey-Harris Steel Threshers are the very latest in separator Hot-rivetted frame, thereby ensuring alignment willing to fight because less worried by construction. All-Steel. of working parts. This results in smooth, easy running and is one reason results. The tariff to them is not so why Massey-Harris Steel Threshers are easy to drive. Also, there is a great an issue as it is in Saskatchewan. marked absence of vibration. Alberta members have grown to up a Massey-Harris Steel Threshers have the capacity to do fast work and the certain extent, under the tutelage of Henry ability to give clean, thorough separation. Ail adjustments can be made Wise Wood. He has always held that and parts attended to from the outside of the machine, making these the tariff was important but not all- threshers very convenient to operate. important. We thus have the U.F.A. For ClcoTier and Better Separation, for Smooth Running, for Fast keenly interested in banking reform, lower Threshing, Buy a Masscy-Honris Steel Thresher rates for coal, farm credits and other MADE IN THREE SIZES i similar things. While the banking com- SS K }* In., S4 44 tn., SS s 4« mittee is on, they are always on the job. Ask Your Local Massty-Harrif Agent Henry Spencer, of Battle River, and For Full Particulars Willi am Irvine, of Wetaskiwin, are the leaders in this movement. Spencer is the investigator, the student of the theme, while Mr. Irvine, a man with a gift for passionate oratory, softened somewhat by the approach of middle life, stands ready and willing to wake the echoes whenever the occasion calls. The orator of the U.F.A. is Ted Garland. He has the Irish gift of fervent expression, the power of ready repartee; an ordered and sequential mind. His life training should have made him a Tory, an aristocrat, a defender of privilege. The open air, the Chinook and making a i^MASSEY-HARRIS CQ LIMITED living on an Alberta farm, fortunately ESTABLISHED IB-*? - 81- YEARS interfered with the process and today he is Wl N N I PEG BRANDON REGl NA SASKATOON SWIFT CURRENT YORKTON- CALGARY tuned to a different key. He has done EDMONTON VANCOUVER TORONTO MONTREAL-MONCTON- -AGENCIES good work by presenting to the people EVERYWHERE of the East, on the public platform, the viewpoint of the West upon public ques- tions. —

3U (414)

The Alberta Institute of Co-operation

University of Alberta, Edmonton

June 25th - 29th, 1928

WHAT IS IT? Erdman, of the Department of Economics, University of

It is an educational enterprise organized for the advance- California; R. W. Murchie. head of the Department of ment of sound principles of co-operation. Addresses and Rural Economics, University of Manitoba; Robin Hood, lectures will be of a practical nature and will be of interest ELditor of the Co-operative Marketing Journal, Memphis. and benefit to every co-operative producer in Alberta. Tenn., Cedric Long, Secretary of the Co-opwrative League of America, New York; Henry E. Sjjencer. M.P., U.FA. HOW DID IT COME INTO BEING? member for Battle River, and W. M. Drummond, who is returning to Alberta from Harvard University. Under the Wheat Board Trust Act the sum of $112,000 was paid to the Government of Alberta by the Dominion Government as a result of the operation of the Canadian WHO MAY ATTEND?

Wheat Board. This fund is administered by a Board of Any p>erson interested in the co-opwrative movement is outlined the Act as Trustees whose duties are under entitled to become a member of the Institute by sending follows: in an application prior to June 1st. "To assist in the development and encouragement of Free courses will be given to young men and women co-oi>erative marketing amongst agricultural producers

between the ages of I 7 and 2 1 , inclusive. in Alberta and in the general betterment of agriculture

in the Province." No person who is interested in any phttse of the co-oi>era- The Board has, therefore, recommended to the Govern- tive movement should overlook the opportunity of attend- ment the organization of this Institute, for which some ing the sessions of the Alberta Institute of Co-operation,

$12,500 has been set aside. which is to be held during the last week in June.

This week, which comes midway between the busy seasons WHO IS BEHIND IT? of seeding and harvesting, has been selected as the time Provincial Department of Agriculture the The and above- when farmers and their families can most conveniently mentioned Board have united with the heads of the co- get away from their arduous farm duties and enjoy a week's operative in Alberta to promote the Institute. movement diversion such as the Institute will provide.

WHAT WILL IT DO? WHAT WILL IT COST? It will serve to clarify thought concerning the real goals of co-operative endeavor and to analjrze the practical The sum of $5,000 has been set aside by the Board to experience thus far accumulated in various co-operative assist in defraying the travelling expenses of registered activities. members. Those not registering by June 1st may attend as visitors but will receive no finemcial assistance. The WHO WILL BE THERE? registration fee of $2.00 will also be devoted to reducing the expenses of the members. Some of the outstanding authorities on the various phases travelling of co-operation from all parts of the continent will address Accommodation including room and board will cost not the meetings of the Institute. The following men have more than $230 per day. already signified their intention to be present: Prof. C. R. A wonderful opportunity is yours to attend this Institute Fay, of the Department of Elconomics, University of at which practicaJ experience and knowledge will be pooled Toronto; C. G. Randall, Agricultural Elconomist for the for the mutual benefit of all. Bureau of Co-operative Marketing, U.S. Department of Agriculture: John Brandt, President of the Land o' Lakes The whole spirit in which the Institute is conceived is Creameries, Litchfield, Minn., the largest co-operative that of the social and economic welfare of our country. creamery organization on the continent; Prof. H. E. SEND IN YOUR APPLICATION WITHOUT DELAY.

All applications for attendance must be in the hands of the Registrar of the Alberta Insti- tute of Co-operation, Legislative Buildings, Edmonton, by June 1st. See Application Forms on opposite page. May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (416) 31

Sessions of Institute June 25th to 29th, 1928 NotJTOghbrow" APPLICATION FORM Practical Talks on Highly Practical To the Regi.tr.r- ALBERTA INSTITUTE of CO-OPERATION Subject to be Given at Edmonton Legislative Building, Edmonton, Alberta.

1 hereby make applicatioD for Farmers, Farm Women and Farm attendance at the sessions of the Alberta Institute of Co-operation to be held at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, during the last week in June. Young People who may be considering I am especially interested in the following branch or branches of the possibility of attending the sessions co-operation: of the Alberta Institute of Agriculture, Wheat may be assured that the proceedings will Livestock Dairy . be eminently practical, in no sense "high- brow", and very closely related to the Poultry Consumers' Co-operatives.. everyday problems with which they them- selves come in contact. I expect to come by: Train Automobile

Co-operation is itself an eminently I wish to haw accommodation reserved for the following dates: practical business. It is applied common sensej inspired by social idealism. Its principles are simple, and the addresses to be given during the sessions extending from June 25th to 29th will be of such I am enclosing herewith registration fee of ^.00. a nature that every person engaged in agriculture or interested in co-operation in this Province can profit by attending. NAME - P.O. ADDRESS.

Some of the Speakers NEAREST RAILWAY STATION -.- AGE. (if under 22) points outside the Province the From Application forms must be in the hands of the Registrar of the Albarta Institute of Co- following will participate in the pro- operation, Legislative Buildings, Edmonton, Alberta, by June 1st. ceedings: Prof. C. E. Fay— Prof. Fay is Professor of Economic History, University of Tor- June 25th to 29th, 1928 onto. He is one of Canada's leading authorities on the co-operative move- SPECIAL APPLICATION ment. He is the author of an excellent book on co-operation entitled, "Co-opera- For FREE COURSES Offered to Boyg and Girls tion at Home and Abroad." Many who From 17 to 21 Years of Age Inclusive attended the U.F.A. convention of two To the Registrar: years ago will remember Prof. Fay's ALBERTA INSTITUTE of CO-OPERATION splendid addresses on "Co-operation." Legislative Building, Edmonton, Alberta.

for attendance at the sessions of the Alberta Institute of Co-opera- C. G. Bandall— Mr. Randall is a spe- I hereby make application tion to be held at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, during the last week in June. cialist in agricultural economics and is on the staff of the Bureau of Co-operative 1 am a member of the following orgaaizations: Marketing of the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. Mr. Randall's time Junior UFA - - C.S.E.T has been devoted largely to the study of the problems connected with the Co-op- Boy Scouto -.Any Other erative Marketing of Livestock. W.I. Girls Club - C.G.I.T.„„ J*hn Brandt— Mr. Brandt is president of the Land o' Lakes Creameries, Inc., Girl Guide* - Any Other with head office at Minneapolis, Minne- NOTE. Membarship in any organization is not a necessary qualification. sota. This is the largest co-operative — marketing organization handling dairy at Public or School. I have passed Grade High products on the continent. In 1927 it marketed 80,000,000 lbs. of butter and did years. a total business of over $46,000,000. My age is sessions of ihe Institute. Prof. H. E. Erdman— Prof. Erdman, If my application is accepted, I agree to attend the Professor of Rural Economics, University of California. He has made a thorough NAME -PO. ADDRESS study of the various problems connected with the co-operative associations of NEAREST RAILWAY STATION - California. Prof. Erdman is specially Application forms must ba in the hands of the Registrar of the Albarta Institute of qualified to deal with organization prob- Co-operation, Legislative Buildings, Edmonton, Alberta, by May 25th. lems affecting co-operatives. Robin Hood— Mr. Robin Hood is editor of "The Co-operative Marketing Journal" published at Memphis, Tennessee. His work has brought him in contact with the latest trends in the co-operative More Replies from Alberta! marketing movement in the United States. Not only has he a wide know- Early in the spring W. C, Lyle, secretary of the Alberta Bronze Turkey Breed- ledge of the co-operative movement but ers' Association, carried some advertising in the CLASSIFIED SECTION he is a most interesting and able platform speaker. of The UJ^A. This is what he says about the results: Prof. R. W. Murchie—Prof. Murchie "You will be interested to know that my advertise- is head of the Department of Rural bronze turkeys in The U.FA. Classified Section Economics, Manitoba Agricultural Col- ment of other lege. brought more replies from Alberta than any W. M. Drummond— Mr. Drummond paper." has just completed a year's study of the co-operative movement in Europe and is TRY ITI COSTS ONLY FIVE CENTS PER WORD. now on the Agricultural Economics staff of Harvard University. Prof. Murchie and Mr. Drummond will Classified Section, THE U.F.A. have charge of the special courses pro- LOUGHEED BUILDING CALGARY vided for young people during the sessions of the Institute. —

32 (416) t H E U. F. A. May IStli, iy2S

NEWS FROM THE HEAD OFFICE of the ALBERTA LIVESTOCK POOL Official Information for Members of the Alberta Co-operative Livestock Producers, Ltd.

,

Institute Will Deal COMPARATIVE STATEMENT VOLUME OF BUSINESS CALGARY With the Problems AND EDMONTON STOCKYARDS, APRIL, 1928 Livestock Shippers Calgary Edmonton Number of Firms on Yards 8 4 Receipts Unique Opportunity to All Livestock Raisers Stock Yard 243 cars 221 cars A.C.L.P. Receipts 12.5 at Meeting of Co-operative Institute cars* 118 cars .51.5% 53.6% Co-operation is like a great many other Percentage Nearest Competitor . 17.0% 23.5% things, and we get out of it benefits in the * Shipments. direct relationship to the amount of —Including Direct energy and understanding which we put into it. The trustees of the- Wheat Pool Surplus be brought out in the trip to the stock were eight thousand cattle on feed in feed Funds are this year giving the farmers of yards. lots adjacent to Calgary. It has been the Alberta the opportunity of meeting and practise of the packers in An All-inclusive Program the past to feed discussing all co-operative problems. They large numbers of cattle to protect them- other sections of The U.F.A. paper are bringing to the Institute leaders of In selves against a shortage of good killing the co-operative thought and endeavor from have been given explanations of steers. Incidentally, the packers by Alberta Institute of Co-operation, what all over the continent. This will be an operating feed lots are a big factor in opportunity as well as a profitable ex- it is and how to become a member. overcoming high prices through shortage. will be all inclusive, dealing perience to ail co-operative minded people Its program Whenever the price gets to a high level marketing of wheat, in this Province and should be heartily with co-operative they draw their supplies from their feed poultry products, supported by the co-operators in Alberta. livestock, dairy and lot rather than buy them on the open wool as well as hay and potatoes and Livestock marketing is one of the forms market where their orders would stimulate grass seeds. It will deal with objects of of co-operation which will receive major already high prices. interest to the consumers' co-operatives as attention on the program. The baby beef market is from 11.00 well as the producers. down, as there are too few coming to The Livestock Pool would like to have Benefit of U.S. Experience break the market. Baby iDeef heifers as as many as possible from the Directorate a rule are selling better than the steers The Committee is bringing C. G. of the Local Shipping Associations in as they seem to be fatter in the fall and Randall from the Bureau of Co-operative attendance as well as all interested live- stay fatter through the winter, while the Economics in the Department ,of Agri- stock raisers. The trustees of the Wheat steer calves have a tendency culture at Washington, D.C. to give the Pool Surplus Fund, the Alberta Govern- to grow rather than fatten. Until the feed lot Alberta co-operators the benefit of the ment, the different Pool Boards and the supply is slaughtered there is little U.S. co-operative livestock experience. U.F.A. arc all co-operating to make this chance of the market improving very Mr. Randall in the course of his studies Institute a success and a benefit to the much. Whether cattle held until after for the U.S. Government, has made two farmers of this Province. the middle of June will pay for the addi- trips to Alberta to study the co-operative Co-operative economics have come to tional feed is problematical. The buying shipping associations as well as the selling stay and will eventually replace the public apparently cannot accustom itself agency in this Province, and can speak individualistic or selfish form of econo- to the present beef prices and are slack- with a better understanding of Alberta mics which have developed for genera- ening off in their consumption. conditions than a big percentage of the tions. Co-operative economics, which livestock raisers inside the Province. strive to give the benefit of intelligent o Mr. Randall has a fund of information marketing to the producers, are bound to regarding livestock marketing that will survive and supplant the false system of WARNING RE CHESTER WHITES be of considerable interest to Alberta benefitted private en- economics which May 10, 1928. farmers. Mr. Randall will be followed terprises at the expense of both the pro- Editor, The U.F.A.: on the program by A. B. Claypool, of ducers and consumers. I note the article in your recent issue the A.C.L.P. Executive, who will deal warning Alberta's farmers against in- in detail with Alberta problems in the vesting their money in Chester marketing of our livestock co-operatively. White CATTLE MARKET brood sows at inflated prices. It is timely Last week's cattle market was bad and advice. However, it does seem pitiful Visit to Stockyards has very little prospect of improvement that you should need to broadcast such One of the most important features will for the next thirty days. A few choice advice at the present time. Will you not be a trip to the stock yards at Edmonton, steers brought from 9.50-9.75 with a good agree with me that this Chester White where the handling and selling of cattle many good steers going from 9.00-9.35. colonization scheme is not only poor and hogs will be shown and explained to which a week ago would have sold for business, as the recent article demon- those present. The operation of the stock 9.75. Rough steers are almost impossible strates, out also has an absurd and ridi- yards seems to be quite a mystery to the to sell on the local markets. culous face on it that will be remembered rank and file of Alberta farmers. The The big stumbling block to cattle prices after the dollars donated to it are for- manner in which the livestock is handled in Alberta has been the fact that packers gotten? and the care it should receive at local have so many cattle in the feed lot which Not so long ago Southern Alberta farm- shipping point so as to reach the stock they are drawing on very heavily at the ers traded dollars for rain to an American yards in the best possible condition; the present time. It is estimated that there citizen named Hatfield and received in re- manner in which it is unloaded, weighed turn a full share of some of the most ad- and in the case of co-operative shipments, verse advertising and harmful publicity sorted for ownership; the question of LARGEST RECEIPTS AT ST. that Alberta ever received. The success of markings for ownership, how some sys- BONIFACE the Central United States Swine Com- tems are distinct and free from confusion pany's effort to whitewash the present Al- while other systems lead to greater amount The Central Livestock Co-opera- berta swine situation is dependent on suffi- of work in sorting with possible confusion tive at St. Boniface had the largest cient lack of business sense among farmers as to identity; how the cattle and hogs receipts of any firm on the yards to enable the company to place inferior are shown to the buyers, the sales made during the first week of May. This third rate breeding prospects at three and the market estabUshed; how the is a very creditable showing and times the price required to obtain fair records are kept and the money is returned proves that co-operative marketing first rate breeding prospects. of livestock is fast gaining in favor to the owner of the stock less the actual According to contracts signed by in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. expense entailed in handling and selling Alberta farmers with the United those things as well as many others will States Swine Company they are pre- —

May I5th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (417) 33

Master Mechanic Combinations

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Master Gears, Pinions, Grates, ETC., FOR THE POPULAR TRACTORS CARRIED IN STOCK Write Crankshiift grinding. Cylinder grinding. Tractor overhauls, welding, etc. CALGARY IRON WORKS, LTD. 412 9TH AVE. E. CALGARY or phone wire ALBERTA CO-OPERATIVE WHOLESALE ASSOCIATION LTD. at our expense AGENTS FOR The Brantford Binder Twine machinery in a hur- When the grain is ripening you need thrpshing Quotations to U.F.A. Locals on car lots. today

pared to pay $106.00 for $36.00 transferring their cattle sales from the CORRESPONDENCE worth of breeding gilt. The Central private drover to the Pool. Most farmers U.S. (Continued from page Ifl) Swine Company values an equiv- will agree with this, but there is another It should, alent gilt at $35.00. Why pay morel and much better reason why they hesitate however, be carefully noted that in respect to Why Buy At AH? giving their business to the Pool. At insurance offered by these concerns, no protection is given the Why buy at all? Consider a typical present they can get more money for assured by way of Canadian deposits, opportunity to obtain good breeding their cattle by shipping to the commission and as a consequence, the Departments stock such as occurs frequently on our firms. The difTe rence in expense is about are unable to force the claims of Canadian Central Stockyards. A week or two ago one-third. At this point (Eckvilie) the policyholders by reason of the fact that Andrew Peterson, of Conrich. hauled to comparative costs (excluding the trip for the companies do not maintain assets in Alberta Stockyards, Calgary, eleven York- one man) are Pool, 60c per 100 lbs.; Canada for their protection. The com- shire hogs weighing 2300 lbs. at about the other firms, 39c per 100 lbs. If the panies have provided no facilities for seven months of age. There were one Pool authorities would kindly supple- action being taken against them in heavy, one thick smooth and 9 select ment their report by dealing with this Canadian courts. bacon gilts weighing 1880 lbs. Anyone pint and telling us whether or not this All foreign insurance companies legally of these select gilts would have been a Eigh rate is indispensable, many farmers authorized to transact insurance business better breeding proposition at $19.85 would be enabled to decide for them- in Canada are regularly licensed both by than a Chester White gilt sixty pounds selves whether or not thev can sign a the Dominion and the Provinces, and the lighter at $105.00. Whv pay 70c per local contract to deliver their cattle to public should be warned against inter- lb. for Chester Whites whose prospect is the A.C.L.P. preting statements such as are being re- a third rate commercial product when Eckville, Alta. GEO. CHRISTIE. ferred to by some of these concerns as Yorkshire whites are available under 10c o indicating any official or unofficial recog- per lb. and priced at their actual commer- nition by the Departments of Insurance cial value —the top. THE FASCIST TYRANNY of Canada. Another viewpoint— Mr. Peterson's two (A* etc Republic, York) Yorkshire sows farrowed and raised him New Some of the Companies It has long been known that opponents 23 pigs. Actual records show the Chester Of the companies whose activities have of the Fascist regime in Italy were being Whites as a breed to be much inferior to recently come to the attention of the exiled to small islands in Mediterran- the Yorkshire in prolificacy. No pur- the Department, are the following: chaser of Chester White gilts need expect ean; but because of a highly effective Catholic Mutual Relief Society, Omaha, the economy that results from Yorkshire censorship little has been heard as to the Nebraska. gilts averaging much larger litters. conditions under which these exiles live. Great American Casualty Company, of The lard type hog is being dumped in Now a letter from one of them (his name, Chicago, Illinois. Alberta for a very good reason, to make naturally, is withheld) has been smuggled Ministers Protective Society, Mead- money for the men who have them for out and published. On his island, Ustica, Tille, Penn. sale. Which do you think is their main there are 320 political exiles. Of these, Union Mutual Casaalty Company, Dee inspiration your dollars or your future more than 300 are herded together, twenty — Moines, Iowa. commercial welfare? or thirty at a time, in large rooms where Union Mutual Life Company of they sleep on bags of straw. Their Iowa, Funny if not Tragic Des Moines, Iowa. quarters are without lavatory facilities It would be funny if it were not so even of the primitive sort customary National Protective Insurance Associa- tragic. It would be amusing newspaper in Italy. There is no water on the island, tion of Kansas City, Mo. copy if it were not such bad advertising and this necessity is supplied in large I would be very pleased if you could of the type of farming on foot here. It open tanks which are brought by boat find space in your publication to print would be money well invested in hard sad once a week. In windy weather a scum of this warning. Information respecting any experience if some of the buyers of these dirt accumulates over the water in the insurance company can be obtained poor type Chesters yes, some of them from — tanks, which nevertheless must be used the Department upon request. are mighty poor type even for Chester for drinking and all other purposes. Whites—didn't need the money for more HENRY BRACE, Not long ago the body of a man, either promising sort of hog-raising enterprises Deputy Supt. of Insurance a suicide or the victim of a murder, was than paying a slick hog salesman several Edmonton, Alta. found in one of the tanks; and after it hog prices for a very ordinary kind of had been removed the prisoners had to o hog, out of date, out of fashion, out of go on drinking the water or die of thirst. demand by the trade, and out of con- REVALUATION OF S.S.B. LANDS the island, in addition to the sideration among our most successful On of of course, are Editor, The U.F.A.: hog raisers of today. prisoners, many whom, men of education and refinement, are I would like to place before the farmers Have a smile, if you wish to, sir! some eighty desperate criminals. It is of Alberta, through the medium of our Maybe human nature is such that it charged that the guards incite these to paper, a few remarks on the revaluation requires contrasts for its entertainment, persecute the exiles, one of whom was of Soldier Settlers lands. and maybe human nature is such that it in course of such an incident. Some time ago, many papers came out will always furnish amusing contrasts, murdered the is only one doctor on the island, with head lines as follows: "Government but, think this over. Americans not long There he expressed the intention of cuts off $8,000,000 indebtedness by re- ago took a bacon hog promoter from Alberta and "has answering only the calls of those of us valuation of Soldier Settlers Holdings." and have been employing him to obtain can him." Since the first of last According to a question in Canadian Large White Yorkshires at who pay Hansard, the families of the exiles have only 18 farms have been revalued far. reasonable prices to improve their herds. November so to send them papers or S.S.B. officials get very aggressive in Now we have Americans locating soft been forbidden magazines. Letters are censored by the their demands, and soon use harsh spots in Alberta in which to plant at meth- Fascist militia, in con- ods, a soldier settler gets in arrears, ridiculous prices the very type of hog officers of the when that other Americans are discarding. travention of law, and these gentlemen which are bound to pile up under the letters to one another and in early of this Verily, it is a peculiar world. read the aloud contracts made the days Yours truly, "amuse themselves laughing at the scheme. of an intimate Yet, if a soldier settler criticizes the S. G. FREEBORN, affectionate terms, or items Hominion Livestock Branch, nature." Board, or the Government, for being Alberta Stockyards, There is no opposition, practically dilatory in this revaluation, he is classed Italian Parliament, "kicker" collection officials Calgary, Alta. speaking, in the as a and make such as might be expected under normal a point of treating him as harshly as the circumstances, to bring the plight of law allows. A VOICE FROM ECKVILLE these unhappy prisoners to public at- It was known by the fall of 1922 that Editor, The U.F.A.: tention. There is no press in Italy ex- those who started previous to 1920 or In your issue of February 6th, on cept the official one. A few under- 1921 had no earthly chance of success, page 16, there appears an interesting ground anti-Fascist papers exist, which except odd ones near town, who had report from the head oflSce of the Alberta are printed abroad and smuggled into the extra capital. Agitation for revaluation Livestock Pool. It is gratifying to read country, but naturally no one dares has been going on for four years or more, that the Pool now handles more live stock raise in public any question based on and it seems the aim of the S.S. Board ia than any other single organization in the statements taken from their columns. to delay long enough to get rid of all they Province. The report points out, how- The most that can be said is that there is can of those soldier settlers who most need ever, that 60 per cent more business could nothing about Mussolini and his followers this legislation. be handled at practically the same ex- which would make improbable the report According to Hansard, there was a pense. It also suggests that farmers of conditions op Ustica which we have gain of $412,675.52 on the re-sale of could, on the average, savp money Hv eUTPm^risied 3.632 unitP of land. Yet on the .'>.029 May 15th, 1928 THE U. F. A. (419) 38

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farms still to be resold, there ie an esti- record of the failures as well as the couraged. The present system discour- mated loss of 600,000. $4 successes. It would show the co-opera- ages it. It is not improbable that many of those tive method as struggling for recognition Though a ratepayer can take advantaije farms resold at a i)rofit, which the S.S.B. in competition with private enterprises of his municipal hospital, we find when carefully mention in their official report, and justifying itself mainlv by the useful he has the price he goes to the doctor are now reverting back to them again. check it affords on the harmful aspects specializing in his particular case in It appears that quite a number of new of the latter. To go further from this the cities. settlers are giving up those improved would be to take sides in an issue which is It has been my privilege to go into the farms. not yet decided and which further ex- hospital question, through neing the No Use to the 8,652 perience only can decide. main instigator in getting four town- But will this The general public docs not realize that satisfy the claims of the ships withdrawn from a nospital area, champions of the resolution? the rdief legislation passed so far has Unless one and I find most people very willing to help settlers it was intended may be mistaken there is quite a different failed to the be in a hospital district, if it would ful- those; on, idea in the minds of the left wing to help. It will help who hang minority fil their needs, and what I have to suggest from this proposal but is no use to the 8,652 that gave up whom came. That I have yet to hear any criticism on, but idea is that our before revaluation takes place. If the present system of private it cannot come into force under the pre- 10 per cent of purchase price, required to enterprise involves inherently the fact sent municipal or hospital laws. of exploitation it be paid immediately by the soldier settler and that must bo re- The taxpayers feel they want an emerg- placed in averag(!(l around $400 per farm, this moans a wholesale manner by the ency hospital of about four beds, to in- a loss of well over $3,000,000 by soldier system of co-operation. Now this con- clude local doctor looking after taxpayers ception settlers, in that one item alone, so the seems to involve at least two free; under the recommendation of the Government is not the only loser in the great assumptions, which our progres- local doctor the patient to have the sive friends deal. would do well to consider. same privilege in the city as far as the realize that this The first is that the Does the public co-operative method hospital is concerned, by a fund pro- from the ex-soldier who would eliminate exploitation as that $3,000,000 comes vided for same, and if at all feasible at preferred to use his small savings to term is commonly understood, but would some future date to include city doctor' establish a permanent home, sooner than it? The record of co-operative enter- the said four rooms to be furnished, and prise in blow it all in having a good time in town, the U.S.A. is full of cases of patients visited, by four districts which the unemployed, exploitation. incidentally decreasing we will call N. S. E. W. it? the instead of increasing But main assumption of the left The women of these districts would all now, beside years of wing position seems to this, That is gone be that the take pride in their ward, looking a little hard work with poor living and no wages. degree of exploitation under private better than their neighbors, which would We all realize that immense difficulties enterprise can be determined and meas- cause healthy competition to the benefit ured cropped up in handling such a huge by the help of economic theory. of the patients. officials while scheme, and no can be blamed Now not denying the fact of By this plan they would be as well for the losses of the Government or the exploitation (in the sense that the looked after as at city hospitals, and if soldier settlers. Government officials at possession of capital coupled with cun- each town where there was a doctor Ottawa: they will be lucky if they get ning, does often give a return quite say adopted same, it would take care of as dollar with back 50 cents on the from this incommensurate services rendered many patients as the present plan, and scheme, yet thousands of soldier and this at the expense of those less great do away with all the bad feeling of "which settlers haven't got 25 cents on the dollar fortunately endowed) there remains the town the hospital is going to be located fact in from their hard-earned savings. that, general, the only trustworthy in." • measure of this exploitation is the sav- In concluding I would suggest Locals DiSerence in Treatment ing, society, to created by some rival discuss this matter for the benefit of the Much bitterness is felt by ex-soldiers system in action, as that of co-operation. Province as a whole. when they see the difference of treatment Granted that we have to pay a certain B. C. LEES, for new immigrants who get these aban- price for the benefits of private enter- McCafferty Loca. doned farms, as compared with their prise would the price we would pay for — o —- treatment in 1919. We had to pay 10 the (perhaps different) benefits of the per cent down and payments came due co-operative method be greater or less? THE AWAKENING OF THE GIANT the first year. They who take our place Until this question is more clearly Editor, The U.F.A.: pay nothing down and no payments for decided than at present I submit that In ancient times, we are told, there 2 years. Supervisors see they get the our educational authorities would not were giants many and varied, but nearly best advantage in buying, as they are be justified in presenting the co-operative all of them, though exceeding great, were allowed to purchase at auction sales, method, as a general industrial technique slow of wit and possessed some deformity, whilst the soldier could not do so at that in any other light than the present facts such as only one eye, or blindness. time. Committees are now formed to can warrant. In these later days we still have giants, help the new settlers. In the earlier days G. CHRISTIE, and they still possess, like those of old, many people thought it good business to Eckville, Alberta. some deformity, and are easily outwitted charge a little extra for commodities sold . o— or overcome by persons greatly inferior to soldier settlers. Our loans were so in proportions. tied up with red tape that their practical HOSPITAL PROBLEM value was greatly reduced. Editor, The U.F.A.: One Very Lari^e Giant I trust these remarks will enlighten I would like to take advantage of our In this western country, commonly many who think the Soldier settler is so valuable paper, in bringing before the called "The Prairies," or "Wheat Belt," well treated by the Government. It members the problem of hospitals, as we possess one very large giant. He is might be well to remember that "Hope it affects the farmers. a great toiler; in fact his industry is deferred maketh the heart sick." The present system is a sort of half equal to his great proportions. But like A. R. ELVIDGE, way measure between an emergency the ones we were told of in our school Secretary, Willowdale hospital, and the larger hospitals of our days, this great industrious giant is slow- U.F.A. Local cities, or rather it is neither one thing witted. He allows the modern harpies to (A Soldier Settler Member of the nor the other. It depends too much on steal his dinners every time they are Association.) the organizing ability of the local doctor, ready for him, which generally happens as the present hospitals are too large in the fall of the year—a meal it has for the boards to run efficiently, get IS THE CO-OPERATIVE the taken the giant a year to ready, at PHILOSOPHY SOUND? board members living too far away from great expense, much toil, and not a little the hospitals. anxiety. Editor, The U.F.A.: We know one little blunder is often We were told the harpies of old stole resolution calling The for a course on the cause of some patient's suffering. the dinner of Phineas when it was readj' Co-operation in the schools, passed by There are mistakes made even in city for him. Poor Phineas was blind; the the Annual Convention, need cause no hospitals under almost perfect super- harpies resembled a vulture and a woman to the worry minds of our educational vision, but under municipal hospitals (apologies, ladies; we still have their authorities. All that is needed and all as we have them at present, it appears images in heraldry). They stole the poor that can be done is to bring up to date to me almost wonderful there are not far man's dinner continually and never the record of Canadian industrial life more mistakes than there are. From a seemed to possess the least mercy or to inclusion by the of recent co-operative taxpayer's point of view, the main draw- relent when seeing the plight of poor enterprises. This, of course, would be back is, one has to depend on a local Phineas. prefaced by an account of the theoretic doctor and cannot take advantage of the It is the same today. There are still nature of the new industrial technique. highly specialized profession, as it is the modern harpies, securing for them- Ab history it would have to include a today. Specialization should be en- selves a large amonnt of this modem —

May 15tli, 1928 THE U. F. A. (421) 37 giant's meals and keeping him thin and MEMBER FOR BATTLE RIVER poor, when by reason of his great in- (Continued from page 11) dustry he should be fat and flourishing. which gave very valuable But conditions even here are beginning information; the figures show the following: to change. One part of this western Total Dominion notes, Dec. giant has a son, called "Wheat Pool," 31, 1927.. and believe me, he is some fighter, when $220,808,365 Total Dominion notes Dec. you consider he is only a four-year-old. 31, 1927, in circulation the He won't let the harpies take his part of Lightning comprising —25c, the dinner but he keeps it himself, sells $1, $2, some, and uses some. The harpies looked $4, $5, $50, $500, $1,000. . 34,369,943 season is here Balance being "legals" ($5,000 serious when he began to sell what he had YOUR home may be and $50,000) used between grown and reaped. They had been neirt. Don't take such banks only terrific changes any longer. filching so much, and for such a long time, $186,438,422 that they seemed to think it was their Bank notes in. circulation own when the giant had finished cutting Dec. Get this free 31, 1927 (as stated by the and threshing and hauling it. They Finance thought no one but themselves was Minister Feb. 13, book NOW 1928) capable of taking such produce to market, 182,747,000 Amount of Dominion notes in It gives you the very facts whicli or naving anything to do with it, but them. every farmer should know for his circulation as above 34,369,943 own protection—tells just what The Greatest Puzzle lightning is, what causes it, how Balance being amount of pri- to prevent it. Written especially The greatest puzzle is why does not by experts of the famous Eastern vate bank notes over Domin- this giant act altogether in harmony and Twps. System by which over ion Government unity with himself? He has accom- notes in 350,000 farmers are now GUAR- circulation $ 1 48,377, 057 ANTEED absolute protection plished so much, in so short a time, when against lightning—a system which only a little awake! He is at times very now reaches into every part of Can- WHY NOT EXERCISE ada and America. Read this inter- drowsy yet, in fact to my certain know- DOMINION'S RIGHT? esting book NOW. Next month, or ledge he has only used one-half of his even next week may be too late. great strength, in regard to taking his Why should not the Dominion of Can- Mail the coupon today for your own protection. own products to market. He is still like ada exercise its right to put more notes in circulation than are used by the private EASTERN TWPS. UGHTNINQ a man standing at two road-ends, one ROD CO. part of him wanting to go one way, the banks? Why give over a special privilege, Regina Sask. other part marching very decidedly which can save a good deal of money to down the other road. the taxpayers of this country, to private USE THIS COUPON interests? I would like to point out that There has been such a lot lost on that Name other road, where the harpies still march, a Dominion note and a Domimon bond ' Address but not so merry, nor so many, as of are based on exactly the same assets; yore. If ever all of this giant could act they each carry a Government guarantee, Town together and he could make up his mind the only difference being that one bears Province which is legion, what a movement among interest while the other does not. The the harpies there would be! No more more Dominion notes we can safely put taking of dinners: the giant would grow into circulation instead of bonds, the fat and well clothed. If he would just more money is going to be saved to the use his head more, and the other part of taxpayers of this country. him no less! The little awakening he has Let me here advance another suggestion "THERE are a few districts in Alberta indulged in has been like an earthquake which I have made before and which in and Saskatchewan where The among the harpies of the world, J)ut he is former years the Minister has been kind Commercial Life is not represented so slow he has dwelt at the bottom of a enough to promise to consider. ^ I hope locally. Many people are adding great stairway so long, and might have this year he wiU go even further than $50.00 to $100.00 per month to their accomplished so much. that. My suggestion is that he should regular income by representing The offer a little higher interest on the savings Commercial Life in their particular A Strange Mixture in the post office savings bank, which district. It is pleasant work and you He is a strange mixture —a sluggard carries a Government guarantee. In are doing a real good in your com- above, active below; lets others take his that way I am sure he will get millions of munity when you influence your friends harvests, after he has toiled so. dollars at a very low rate of interest to set aside a reserve that will guar- Whether the day will ever come when should he need to borrow money in that antee the care and comfort of them- he is thoroughly aroused, and alive all vfB.y. selves in their old age, and of those over, I do not know, but if it does it I come now to the last phase of my dependent upon them. Communicate will be a great awakening, and much address. This seventh budget of a Lib- with any of our offices. eral administration is, I think I am safe that has been done so far will seem as Send in this Coupon in saying, fairly satisfactory to the hon. nothing compared to what he will do I want to represent The Commercial Life. then. The harpies will have to toil for members of the Conservative party, but Send me full particulars. their own dinners or else make clothing is not at all satisfactory to a very large Name number of the Government's supporters, for the giant that has so often been nearly Address and certainly cannot be accepted by the naked and famished too, although he Edmonton, Calgary, Saskatoon, Regina grew so much. But then, others grew members of the groups in this corner of fat and flourished on what should have the House. Several hon. members have gone to feed and clothe the giant. said that the Government has tinkered Awake! Giant, awake! and shake thy- with the tariff in the latest budget pro- self, no more be shorn in the lap of De- posals. No less than 122 items of the lilah, like Samson of old! tariff have been struck out and 159 sub- RICHARD AIREY, stituted. Taking it all in all, a study Secretary, Westwoods Local. of the tariff discloses that whatever benefit is to flow from this tinkering will be to the advantage of the manufacturers rather than the consumers of this country. Look not mournfully into the past As a basis for what I am about to say, GENERATORS -WE are OFFERma new it comes not back again; wisely improve Tolt OENERATOB8 which can be may I be permitted to read a resolution 600 watt 32 the present—it is thine: go forth to meet operated by a IJ H.P. (or larger) engine, fttr which was passed at the convention of the shadowy future, witnout fear and with $42.00 F.O.B. Winnipeg. They can be used for the Liberal party held in Ottawa in 1919. electric lighting, or oharging oar and radio a manly heart. —Longfellow. Write for printed oiroular. It is as follows: batteriea. "That the best interests of Canada The CANADIAN FAIRBANKS MOB8C Co. Ltd. REGINA CALGARY COURTESY demand that substantial reductions of WINNIPEG — the burdens of customs taxation be Lady "It is many years since I saw you made, with a view to the accompUshing last, Lieutenant Silvanius." of two purposes of the highest import- — Your Paper by Mentioning It Officer— "Captain, madam." ance; first, diminishing the high cost of CHelp ^ Lady "Indeed—well, I hope you will living which presses so severely on the b Writing to Advertisers. be a general before I see you again." masses of the people; second, reducing ^ 88 (422) THE U. F. A. May 16tb, IVM

of produc- holding, to use the common phase, the the cost of the instrumenta are seeking and securing foot-holds in the balance of power. It was said that these tion in the industries based on small communities and in the vicinity the twenty-three would be entirely wiped natural resources of the Dominion, of the lignite deposits in southern Sas- is essen- out at the ensuing election. But the vigorous development of which katchewan, give rise to an uneasy feeling tial to the progress and piospehty of people of this country are realizing that that vublic ownership in Saskatchewan country. more and more they must turn to inde- our may be approaching the edge of a preci- That to these ends, wheat, wheat pendent groups, and so much is that the pice. flour, all products of wheat, the prin- fact that at the following election, not cipal articles of food, farm implements, only was every one of those members B.C. and machinery, farm tractors, mining, returned, but eight more were added to ELECTEIC TAKEN OVEB BY flour and saw-mill machinery and repair their number. Of the thirtv-one that FINANCE GROUP parts thereof, roughly and partly were returned, ten of them, for reasons (Canadian Press Cable) dressed lumber, gasoline, illuminating best known to themselves, took their LONDON, May 10.—The shareholders lubricating and fuel oils, nets, net seats on the Government side of the house, of the British Columbia Electric Railway twines, fishermen's equipments, cementa not as part of the Government members received notification today from the com- and fertilizers should be free from custumB but among them. any that financial interests represented duties as well as the raw material y Nesbitt, Thompson and Company, LADY WHO TOOK the power entering into the same. BIDE ON TIOEB corporation of Canada. Sir That a revision downward of the Herbert Holt, president of the Royal tariff should be made whereby sub- In my opinion, if those members had Bank of Canada, Montreal; Lord Rother- stantial reductions should be effected stayed in their old position we should mere, the Canadian and Foreign Power in the duties on wearing apparel and today have a very different budget from Corporation; J. H. Gundy, president of footwear, and on other articles of general that which we are now discussing. To Wood, Gundy and Company, Limited, comsumption other than luxuries, as use the words of the Minister of Railways, stock brokers and financiers, Toronto, well as the raw material entering into I suppose log-rolling is a good deal easier and Andrew Holt and Company, Mon- the manufacture of the same. on that side of the House. We hope treal, had definitely accepted the pre- That the British preference be in- our confreres who have left us, temporarily ferred and deferred stock of the British creased to .'iO per cent of the general as we trust, will some time come back. Electric Railway Company on the terms tariff. I am very much afraid, however, it is already announced. And the Lil'cral party hereby pledges another case of the old story about the The terms are as follows: itself to implement by legislation the lady who took a ride on the tiger. £275 for each £100 preferred ordinary provisions of this resolution when re- "There is not the slightest doubt about stock, and £315 for each £100 deferred turned to power." this fact, that the budget is not at all ordinary stock. This was the last of three offers I Vv-ant tiie House to visualize for a acceptable to the majority in this House, by uiomenl the extent to which that import- had hon. members what they consider financial interests in a battle for the ant resolution has been carried out by real freedom in the expression of their acquirement of the British Columbia the Liberal party since they came into opinions. If, for instance, we had a set Electric Railway, negotiations for which term of for have been going on for several Eower. I admit that a portion of it years Parliament and there weeks. as been carried out, but only under was no possibe chance of going to the o country in pressure from certain groups in this the event of the budget being JUNIOB CONFEBENCE FUND House when the Government found them- defeated, if moreover, each hon. member selves in a very difficult position and had the opportunity, and took advantage Previously acknowledged $32.00 were strugghng to keep power. This of it, of expressing his absolute opinion Apr. 26, Enchant Juniors 6.00 resolution, this program, this platform, with regard to this budget, I am con- 26 Three Hills U.F.W.A.. . . 5.00 has been preached day in and day out. fident that it would not meet with the 26 Conrich U.F.W.A 5.00

vear in and year out by the Liberal approval of the majority. Unfortunately, 27 High River U.F.W.A.. . . 5.00 " purty from one end of the country to however, under our present Parliament- 27 Progressive U.F.W.A.. . . 5.00 " the other. It has not been preached very ary rules and usages I do not suppose 27 Cavell U.F.A 5.00 " much in this House. It is a good device there is a single member on the Govern- 27 Greenlawn U.F.W.A 5.00 " getting votes, but so far as the Govern- ment side belonging to the Liberal 27 Water Glen U.F.A 5.00 for " ment is concerned it is not something upon Earty, irrespective of the degree in which 27 Lockhart Juniors 10.00 which to base legislation. e dislikes the budget, who will stand in 28 Hudson Heights U.F.A. . 5.00 I desire to put on record the tariff his place and vote against it. I say, 28 Woodville U.F.W.A 5.00 " clause enunicated to the House a few therefore, that there is a tremendous 30 Eagle Hill U.F.A 5.00 days ago by the honorable member for responsibility at the door of those ten May 2 Dolcy U.F.A fl.OO St. Lawrence-St. George (Mr. Cahan). members who sit on the Government 2 Sahawto U.F.W.A 5.00 " Paragraph 5 of his statement reads: side of the House because, whatever we 2 Eckville Juniors 6.00 "6. do from this corner, we cannot without 3 Standard U.F.W.A 15.00 The reduction of the customs " their support, be successful in trying to 3 Wide Awake Juniors. . . . 5.00 tariff or the imposition of higher excise get the Government to carry out its 3 Wolfville U.F.A 5.00 taxes, whenever and wherever neces- own program. As this budget does not 4 Park Grove U.F.A 5.00 sary, to prevent the immoral use or carry out the expressed promises of the 4 Olds U.F.W.A 5.00 abuse of tne existing tariff, or any un- Government in the past, and does not 5 Prospect Valley U.F.W.A. 5.00 fair advantage being taken of the tariff, " give relief to the masses of the people, 5 Beddington U.F.W.A. . . 5.00 as for example by those who would I find myself compelled to support the " 7 Merna U.F.W.A 5.00 resort to profiteering by exacting un- sub-amendment. " 7 Bismark Juniors 10.00 duly high prices for their products " Hastings from domestic consumers, under the 7 Coulee Juniors. 10.00 " 8 Okotoks U.F.W.A 5.00 protecting elements of the existing " 8 Lorraine U.F.A 5.00 tariff." SASKATCHEWAN POWER PROBLEM " 9 Wheatsheaf U.F.A 5.00 (Coatinued from pase I know perfectly well that hon. mem- 8) " 9 Progressive U.F.A 5.00 bers on the Government side will say, as know that if Saskatoon were secured to 9 Fenham U.F.A 5.00 the Minister of Railways (Mr. Dunning) them, it would be practically impossible " 9 Knob Hill Juniors 5.00 said yesterday, "Oh well, they don't for a Provincially-controllea scheme to " 9 Beddington U.F.A 5.00 that; tneir mean they won't keep promise." get under way in the northern part of " 9 Two-in-One Juniors 10.00 If that is so, I ask, what is the difference the Province at least. At the last session " 10 Barrhead U.F.A 5.00 between the two parties? The Liberals of the Legislature the Government made 10 Lamont U.F.W.A 5.00 say that the Conservatives will not keep a gesture of goodwill towards public " 10 Hazel Bluff U.F.A 5.00 their promises, but we know full well as " ownership, but it will need more than a 10 Willow Springs Juniors . 6.00 a matter of fact, from the experience of gesture to assure the people that the " 10 Broadview Juniors 6.00 the last few years, that the «k Liberals do Government is seriously seeking to pre- not keep theirs. serve the development of power as a pub- Total $640.00 The Minister of Railways, in address- lic utiUty. Shortly after Premier Gar- o ing the House yesterday, said some diner assumed office, he made one or two pretty harsh things with respect to the sp>eeche8 in which he emphasized the THAT'S THE QUESTION smaller groups in this House. Other necessity and desirability of attracting She—Now, if you men told the truth, hon. members have also said harsh private capital to the West and to Sas- you would have to admit that you like things, and bitter things were said in katchewan in particular. This announced the talkative women just as well as you 1926 when the small group of twenty- attitude of his, coupled with the rigor do the others. three were in • most difficult position. with which the private power companies He—Others? What others?—/ud^a. — —

May 15th, 1928 1^ (423) 39 FENCE POSTS, LUMBER AND FUEL POULTRY MILL- BUT Tons LUIMBEa, SHINGLES. LATH, BOOKING ORDERS FOR BABY CHICKS—S.C. firm Belling work, etc., from the old esubhshed Classified Section White and Black Legborna. Cockerels (or sale. quality B.C. coast lumber direct Irom Mating list. highe'et BATE Five cents per word. Five Wetherall, 3633 13A St. W., Cal- mSl to consumer since 1913. Save big money. — gary. Get bigger quality. Send your lumber bill, sketch insertions for thie price of four; Quantities guar- or plan (or our delivered prioe. nine for the price of seven; thir- WHEN GETTING WHITE LEGHORN CHICKS Write for free plan folder and price and hatching eggs, get the beat. Write anteed. teen for the price of ten; twenty- for prices. lists Farmers' Mutual Lumber Co. Ltd.,Bekins Olson's Egg Farm, Olds, Alta. BIdg.. Vancouver. B.C. Capital $100,000.00. six for the price of nineteen. Bankers, Royal Bank. TERMS—Cash with order. MAY PRICES ON BARRED ROCK EGGS FROM SAVB MONBT BT BUTINO DIBECT. government approved flocks. Special mating, LUMBEK— Count each initial as a fall word, also coant $2; other pens, $1 per 15 or $5 per hundred. James millions of feet dry lumber in stock for We have each set o( four figures as a foil word, Sidford, Busby, Alta. shipment. Write for our special immedis'". as for example, "A. J. Smith has 2.000 years honest dealings with thous- priceA^^^teen bushels of Oats lor sale." contains 10 "^^^'stied customers. Consumers' Lumber MAY AND JUNE CHICKS AT REDUCED PRICES (m,' words. Be sure to give your correct name Rogers Bldg., Vancouver, B.C. from B.C.'b famous breeders of S.C. White Leg- «J^:«4P^B227 and address. Do not have any replies horns and White Wyandottes. All birds have BankerB,"loyal Bank. sent to n.F.A. Central Office. Name been bred and trapnested under R.O.P. that and address will be counted SLABS, CORDWOOI>—NOETH as part of the their progeny may develop into high producing FENCE POSTS, advertisement and must be paid for at Kdmonton, Alta. birds. Better stock—more eggs. Buy now West Coal Co., same rate. All advertisements the will be send your order in at once, Canadian Poultry classified under the heading which SHINOLSS, FENCE POSTS, POLES, applies World, 500 Beatty Street, Vancouver, B.C. LUMBEB, most nearly to the article advertised. Orders slabs. Write for delivered prices, cordwood and for classiDed advertisements must be ac- Vancouver, B.C. Enterprise Lumber Co,. companied by cash, and mast reach as CANADIAN CHICKS PURE - BRED - TO-LAY.— hatching at least eight days in advance of dates of Thousands every week from tested, trapnested and Official publication, which are the 1st and 15th of Inspected flocks. Males MISCELLANEOUS 313-318 each month. Cancellations must also reach from registered hens in our Pen Mating Chicks. 100 per cent Alive Guarantee. SCHOOL—WHEN VISITINQ EDMON- 03 eight days in advance. Hatch- , DANCINO ing Eggs, Incubators and Brooders. Call or dance in Three Days or no charge. ton, learn to write for Free Catalogue. Alex Taylor's Hatch- for beginners. Lessons daily at Address all correspondence to "The U.F.A." Private rooms ery, 362 Furby St., Winnipeg. 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. Sullivan's Academy of Danc- Loagheed Bidg., Calgary, Alta. Building, 102nd St., Edmonton. ing, La Fleche BUY ALBERTA BRED ALPINE POULTRY FARM SILVEB BLACK FOXES—ONE OF THE MOST Baby Chicks, bred from R.O.P. trap-nested bred- FARM MACHINERY to-lay White profitable live stock industries in Canada. Easy Leghorns. Order early. Sole agent, Garbert Feed OTTE HATCHING EGGS. $1.60 POULTRY FAKMING IN B.C. OFFERS A GUAE- per setting; $6 per 100. Cockerels. $2.50. Gov- anteed income to those who enter the ever grow- FOR SALE.—RUMLEY ENGINE PLOWS, 6 STUB" ernment approved stock. Mrs. Crawford Baptist. ing industry under "The Fraser View Manor ble, 4 breaker bottoms, $90.00. A. Musser, Tofield, Alta. Plan." The second subdivision of this growing Benton, Alta. poultry community is now on the market. All BARRED RpCK CHICKS—EGO-BRED. DO YOU completely equipped with bungalow, our farms are want chicks from Moore's strain now leading the house. lOUO eight PLANTS FOR SALE 1000 bird capacity chicken Dominion Egg Laying Contest, Brandon. We pullets and colony houses. Total price Danish Ball Head. Copenhagen Market Cab- week old have them—Manitoba's best laying strain. 8.000 16000 cash payment as low as $1000 bage. 100—$i .UU. Golden Self Blanching Cel- ioOOO to — chicks each week hatched in our 51.000 egg elec- balance can be paid out of earnings. Our ery, 150—$1.00. Earliana Tomatoe*. 25—$1.00. and tric incubators. Our chicks are big strong, heal- Experimental Station which is the largest in Year old Victoria Rhubarb. 10—$1.00. Year 20 thy, live and grow rapidly. We specialize in will give you free expert advice. All old Washington Asparagus. —$1.00. Snow Canada egg-bred Barred Rocks, 100% live arrival guar- light, running water, BaU Cauliflower. 50—$1.00. AU postpaid. city conveniences—electric anteed. Order direct from shopping centre. Satisfaction guaranteed. etc. Location 2 miles 25 SO 100 information. Ftaser Valley Land Write now for ASPEN GLEN FARM - FAUST, Alberta Barred Rocks $5.50 $10.50 $20.00 Metropolitan Bldg., Vancouver, B.C. Co. Ltd.. 522 White Leghorns 6.00 9.50 18.00 Wyandottes, R.I.K 6.00 11.00 21.00 HEALTH Black Minorcas. 6.00 11.00 21.00 Prompt delivery. Catalogue and 74-page Poultry OSTEOPATHIC HEALTH HOME, CALGAET— Guide free. Hambley Electric Hatchery, 601 Fasting, Dieting, Baths, Electricity, Massage. Logan Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba. Nervous diaeaaes, Piles specialty. Maybe Not on the THE BURNSIDE POULTRY FARM IS NOW BOOK- SALESMEN WANTED ing orders for S.C. W. Leghorn pullets, 8 to 10 Next Farm weeks old. Our stock has proved itself in many SALESMEN TAKE OEDKES FOE MADE-TO- parts of Canada. Write for our prices. Prices later May and June will also interest measure men's shirts. No competition—we are for you. But somewhere, in some of E. Powell, Hammond, B.C. the only house in Canada maldng shirts to in- A. dividual measure, selling through agents. Com- the 46,000 farm that PEARL GUINEA EGGS, $2—16. MRS. GILCHRIST mission hberal—easy to earn $5 to $20 per day homes Raniurly. Alta. working spare or full time. Fifty big, attractive samples. Old reliable house—thorough satis- get "The U.F.A." each is- faction guaranteed. Write Stetson Shirt Com- pany,Dept. E-1, 254 Ontario Street West, Mon- sue SEED AND FEED treal. GOVERNMENT TESTED NO. 1 WESTERN RYE YOU CAN FIND grass seed, free from noxious weeds. Germina- SWINE tion 95%. Sacked, $8.00 per 100 lb. Gentry BUYERS Obler. Stavely. HAMPSHIRE PIGS PAY—NOW BOOKING OB- TIMOTHY SEED FROM THE GREAT PEACE for registered weanlings farrowed March, ders 5th For your surplus live- River country. No. 1 grade. Free of noxious either sex, $12. Papers and crates free. Fearne- weed seeds. Germination 10 days 97%. Nina hough, Morrin, Alta. stock, cockerels, seed dollars per 100 lbs. sacked, F.O.B. here. Robert FOR SALE—REGISTERED DUBOC JEESEY No- Cochrane, Grande Prairie, Alberta. vember boars and March pigs, either sex. W. L. grain, used machinery, FOR SALE—BALED TIMOTHY HAY, $16.00 FEB Gray. Millet, Alta. ton, F.O.B. Wetaakiwin. U.F.A. Store, Wetaaki- BEOISTERED YORKSHIRES—SERVICE BOARS, hay, greenfeed or what- win. bred gilts and spring pigs. No. 1 stuff. J. M. "EMPIRE STATE" WHITE SEED POTATOES. Southward. Lacombe, Alta. ever it is that you want Highest yielder Lacombe, 696 bushels per acre. Fine eater and keeper. $1.25 ninety pounds. to sell. Robert Young, Millet, Alberta. LEGAL AND PATENTS LIVESTOCK FORD, MILLER & HARVIE, BARRISTERS, SOU- Many have proved this, by dtors. Patent Attorneys and Agents for all SELLING REGISTERED CLYDESDALE STALLION countries. 65 Canada Life Bldg.. Calgary. using "The U.F.A." Classi- sure breeder, leaves good stock, weight 1.950. Patent drawings and applications prepared by Harry Eokert, Sedalia, Alta. our own staff, ensuring secrecy and prompt service. fied Section. Costs only five FRESH FRUITS SHORT, ROSS, SHAW ft MAYHOOD—BABRIS- cents per word. ters, SoUcitors, Notaries. Imperial Bank Bldg., 60 LBS. RHUBARB. $1.26.—HIGHLAND FARM. Calgary. Mission, B.C. —

4U (424) T HE U. F. A May 16tL, 1928

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Printed for the United Farmers of Alberta at the office of the Albertan Job Press Limited, 310-8th Avenue East, Calgary, Alberta