Identification of Mrna As Biomarker of Bacillus Weihenstephanensis Acid Resistance : Toward the Integration of Omic Data Into Predictive Microbiology Noemie Desriac
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The Food Poisoning Toxins of Bacillus Cereus
toxins Review The Food Poisoning Toxins of Bacillus cereus Richard Dietrich 1,†, Nadja Jessberger 1,*,†, Monika Ehling-Schulz 2 , Erwin Märtlbauer 1 and Per Einar Granum 3 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Schönleutnerstr. 8, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany; [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (E.M.) 2 Department of Pathobiology, Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] 3 Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003 NMBU, 1432 Ås, Norway; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors have contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous soil bacterium responsible for two types of food-associated gastrointestinal diseases. While the emetic type, a food intoxication, manifests in nausea and vomiting, food infections with enteropathogenic strains cause diarrhea and abdominal pain. Causative toxins are the cyclic dodecadepsipeptide cereulide, and the proteinaceous enterotoxins hemolysin BL (Hbl), nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) and cytotoxin K (CytK), respectively. This review covers the current knowledge on distribution and genetic organization of the toxin genes, as well as mechanisms of enterotoxin gene regulation and toxin secretion. In this context, the exceptionally high variability of toxin production between single strains is highlighted. In addition, the mode of action of the pore-forming enterotoxins and their effect on target cells is described in detail. The main focus of this review are the two tripartite enterotoxin complexes Hbl and Nhe, but the latest findings on cereulide and CytK are also presented, as well as methods for toxin detection, and the contribution of further putative virulence factors to the diarrheal disease. -
Bacillus Pseudomycoides Sp. Nov
international Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (1 998), 48, 103 1-1 035 Printed in Great Britain Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. L. K. Nakamura Tel: + 1 309 681 6395. Fax: + 1 309 681 6672. e-mail: [email protected] Microbial Properties Previous DNA relatedness studies showed that strains identified as Bacillus Research, National Center mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricu Itura I groups, one being B. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified Research Service, US taxon. In the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was Department of assessed by measuring DNA relatedness and determining phenotypic Agricu Iture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA characteristics of an increased number of B. mycoides strains. Also determined was the second group's 165 RNA gene sequence. The 36 B. mycoides strains studied segregated into two genetically distinct groups showing DNA relatedness of about 30%; 18 strains represented the species proper and 18 the second group with intragroup DNA relatedness for both groups ranging from 70 to 100%. DNA relatedness to the type strains of presently recognized species with G+C contents of approximately 35 molO/i (Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus sphaericus) ranged from 22 to 37%. Although shown to be genetically distinct taxa, the two B. mycoides groups exhibited highly similar (98%) 165 RNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses showed that both B. mycoides and the second group clustered closely with B. cereus. Although not distinguishable by physiological and morphological characteristics, the two B. mycoides groups and B. -
Food Microbiology 55 (2016) 73E85
Food Microbiology 55 (2016) 73e85 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Food Microbiology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/fm Transcriptome analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis spore life, germination and cell outgrowth in a vegetable-based food model Daniela Bassi a, Francesca Colla a, 1, Simona Gazzola a, Edoardo Puglisi a, * Massimo Delledonne b, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli a, a Istituto di Microbiologia e Centro Ricerche Biotecnologiche, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy e via Milano 24, 26100 Cremona, Italy b Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Universita degli Studi di Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy article info abstract Article history: Toxigenic species belonging to Bacillus cereus sensu lato, including Bacillus thuringiensis, cause foodborne Received 23 April 2015 outbreaks thanks to their capacity to survive as spores and to grow in food matrixes. The goal of this Received in revised form work was to assess by means of a genome-wide transcriptional assay, in the food isolate B. thuringiensis 3 November 2015 UC10070, the gene expression behind the process of spore germination and consequent outgrowth in a Accepted 10 November 2015 vegetable-based food model. Scanning electron microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray microanalysis Available online 12 November 2015 were applied to select the key steps of B. thuringiensis UC10070 cell cycle to be analyzed with DNA- microarrays. At only 40 min from heat activation, germination started rapidly and in less than two Keywords: Bacillus cereus sensu lato hours spores transformed in active growing cells. A total of 1646 genes were found to be differentially Food model expressed and modulated during the entire B. -
Bacillus Pseudomycoides Sp. Nov. NOTE L
International Journal ofSystematic Bacteriology (1998),48,1031-1035 Printed in Great Britain Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. NOTE L. K. Nakamura Tel: + I 309681 6395. Fax: + I 3096816672. e-mail: [email protected] Microbial Properties Previous DNA relatedness studies showed that strains identified as Bacillus Research, National Center mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural groups, one being B. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified Research Service, US taxon. In the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was Department of assessed by measuring DNA relatedness and determining phenotypic Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604, USA characteristics of an increased number of B. mycoides strains. Also determined was the second group's 165 RNA gene sequence. The 36 B. mycoides strains studied segregated into two genetically distinct groups showing DNA relatedness of about 30%; 18 strains represented the species proper and 18 the second group with intragroup DNA relatedness for both groups ranging from 70 to 100%. DNA relatedness to the type strains of presently recognized species with G+C contents of approximately 35 mol% (Bacillus alcalophilus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus sphaericus) ranged from 22 to 37 %. Although shown to be genetically distinct taxa, the two B. mycoides groups exhibited highly similar (98%) 165 RNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses showed that both B. mycoides and the second group clustered closely with B. cereus. Although not distinguishable by physiological and morphological characteristics, the two B. mycoides groups and B. cereus were clearly separable based on fatty acid composition. -
Zanieczyszcenia Mikrobiologiczne Podziemnych Magazynow Gazu I Gazociagow Agnieszka Staniszewksa, Alina Kunicka-Stycynska, Krystzof Zieminski
Zanieczyszcenia mikrobiologiczne podziemnych magazynow gazu i gazociagow Agnieszka Staniszewksa, Alina Kunicka-Stycynska, Krystzof Zieminski To cite this version: Agnieszka Staniszewksa, Alina Kunicka-Stycynska, Krystzof Zieminski. Zanieczyszcenia mikrobio- logiczne podziemnych magazynow gazu i gazociagow. Polish journal of microbiology / Polskie To- warzystwo Mikrobiologów = The Polish Society of Microbiologists, 2017, 56, pp.94. hal-02736852 HAL Id: hal-02736852 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02736852 Submitted on 2 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO MIKROBIOLOGÓW Kwartalnik Tom 56 Zeszyt 2•2017 KWIECIE¡ – CZERWIEC CODEN: PMKMAV 56 (2) Advances in Microbiology 2017 POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO MIKROBIOLOGÓW Kwartalnik Tom 56 Zeszyt 3•2017 LIPIEC – WRZESIE¡ CODEN: PMKMAV 56 (3) Advances in Microbiology 2017 POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO MIKROBIOLOGÓW Kwartalnik Tom 56 Zeszyt 4•2017 PAèDZIERNIK – GRUDZIE¡ CODEN: PMKMAV 56 (4) Advances in Microbiology 2017 Index Copernicus ICV = 111,53 (2015) Impact Factor ISI = 0,311 (2016) Punktacja -
Detection, Characterization and Survival of Bacillus Cereus Group Members in Spices and Herbs
Detection, characterization and survival of Bacillus cereus group members in spices and herbs Inaugural-Dissertation to obtain the academic degree Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) submitted to the Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy of Freie Universität Berlin by HENDRIK FRENTZEL from Eberswalde 2017 This dissertation was prepared under supervision of Prof. Dr. Bernd Appel within the EU research project SPICED with financial support from the 7th Framework Program of the EU. Experimental work was performed in the laboratory for spore formers in the unit Microbial Toxins, Department Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment. March 2014 to March 2017 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Rupert Mutzel Freie Universität Berlin (FU), Institut für Biologie - Mikrobiologie, Königin-Luise-Str. 12 - 16, 14195 Berlin 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Bernd Appel Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Abteilung Biologische Sicherheit, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin Disputation: 07.06.2017 Table of contents Table of contents Table of contents ....................................................................................................................... iii List of abbreviations ................................................................................................................... v List of figures and tables .......................................................................................................... vii 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ -
Assesment and Control of Bacillus Cereus Emetic Toxin in Food
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Assessment and control of Bacillus cereus emetic toxin in food Elina Jääskeläinen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Division Microbiology University of Helsinki Academic dissertation in Microbiology To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki, for public criticism in Auditorium 2041 at Viikki Biocenter, Viikinkaari 5, on February 1th, 2008, at 12 o´clock noon Helsinki 2008 Supervisor: Prof. Mirja S. Salkinoja-Salonen Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewers: Prof. Willem M. de Vos 1) Laboratory of Microbiology Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group Wageningen University and Research Centre Wageningen, the Netherlands 2) Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Dr. Christophe Nguyen-The Institute of Plant Products Technology French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) University of Avignon Avignon, France Opponent: Prof. Jacques Mahillon Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology Université Catholique de Louvain Louvaine-la-Neuve, Belgium ISNN 1795-7079 ISBN 978-952-10-4458-8 (hardback) ISBN 978-952-10-4459-5 (PDF) Yliopistopaino Helsinki, Finland 2008 Front cover: Boys evaluating Mother`s art of cooking To my family Contents: List of original -
Cereulide and Valinomycin, Two Important Natural Dodecadepsipeptides with Ionophoretic Activities
Polish Journal of Microbiology 2010, Vol. 59, No 1, 310 MINIREVIEW Cereulide and Valinomycin, Two Important Natural Dodecadepsipeptides with Ionophoretic Activities MAGDALENA ANNA KROTEÑ, MAREK BARTOSZEWICZ* and IZABELA WIÊCICKA Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Bia³ystok, wierkowa 20B, 15-950 Bia³ystok, Poland Received 2 July 2009, revised 20 December 2009, accepted 5 January 2010 Abstract Cereulide produced by Bacillus cereus sensu stricto and valinomycin synthesized mainly by Streptomyces spp. are natural dodecadepsipeptide ionophores that act as potassium transporters. Moreover, they comprise three repetitions of similar tetrapeptide motifs synthesized by non- ribosomal peptide synthesis complexes. Resemblances in their structure find their reflections in the same way of action. The toxicity of valinomycin and cereulide is an effect of the disturbance of ionic equilibrium and transmembrane potential that may influence the whole organism and then cause fatal consequences. The vlm and ces operons encoding valinomycin and cereulide are both composed of two large, similar synthetase genes, one thioestrase gene and four other ORFs with unknown activities. In spite of the characterization of valinomycin and cereulide, genetic determinants encoding their biosynthesis have not yet been clarified. Key words: Bacillus cereus, cereulide, valinomycin, ionophore Introduction lar hydrolytic enzymes and at least two third of known antibiotics (Omura et al., 2001). While cereulide, also The life and growth of both prokaryotic -
Detection and Isolation of Emetic Bacillus Cereus Toxin Cereulide by Reversed Phase Chromatography
toxins Communication Detection and Isolation of Emetic Bacillus cereus Toxin Cereulide by Reversed Phase Chromatography Eva Maria Kalbhenn 1, Tobias Bauer 1, Timo D. Stark 2 , Mandy Knüpfer 3, Gregor Grass 3 and Monika Ehling-Schulz 1,* 1 Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] (E.M.K.); [email protected] (T.B.) 2 Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; [email protected] 3 Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937 Munich, Germany; [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (G.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The emetic toxin cereulide is a 1.2 kDa dodecadepsipeptide produced by the food pathogen Bacillus cereus. As cereulide poses a serious health risk to humans, sensitive and specific detection, as well as toxin purification and quantification, methods are of utmost importance. Recently, a stable isotope dilution assay tandem mass spectrometry (SIDA–MS/MS)-based method has been described, and an method for the quantitation of cereulide in foods was established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). However, although this SIDA–MS/MS method is highly accurate, the sophisticated high-end MS equipment required for such measurements limits the method’s suitability for microbiological and molecular research. Thus, we aimed to develop a method for cereulide toxin detection and isolation using equipment commonly available in microbiological and biochemical research laboratories. Reproducible detection and relative quantification of cereulide Citation: Kalbhenn, E.M.; Bauer, T.; was achieved, employing reversed phase chromatography (RPC). -
Bacillus Cereus Spores and Cereulide in Food-Borne Illness
Recent Publications in this Series: SHAHEEN RANAD 13/2009 Liliya Euro Electron and Proton Transfer in NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase (Complex I) from Escherichia coli 14/2009 Dario Greco Gene Expression: From Microarrays to Functional Genomics 15/2009 Elena Gorbikova Oxygen Reduction and Proton Translocation By Cytochrome c Oxidase Bacillus cereus 16/2009 Mari J. Lehtonen Rhizoctonia Solani as a Potato Pathogen - Variation of Isolates in Finland and Host Response 17/2009 Kristiina Kaste Transcription Factors ∆FosB and CREB in Drug Addiction: Studies in Models of Alcohol Preference and Chronic Nicotine Exposure Illness in Food-Borne and Cereulide Spores 18/2009 Mari K. Korhonen Functional Characterization of MutL Homologue Mismatch Repair Proteins and Their Variants 19/2009 Heidi Virtanen Structure-Function Studies of GDNF Family Ligand–RET Signalling 20/2009 Solveig Sjöblom Quorum Sensing in the Plant Pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora 21/2009 Tero Närvänen Particle Size Determination during Fluid Bed Granulation — Tools for Enhanced Process Understanding 22/2009 Kaisa Nieminen Cytokinin Signalling in the Regulation of Cambial Development 23/2009 Marja Pummila Role of Eda and Troy Pathways in Ectodermal Organ Development 24/2009 Anna Alonen Glucuronide Isomers: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase Screening 25/2009 Päivi Lindholm Novel CDNF/MANF Protein Family: Molecular Structure, Expression and Neurotrophic Activity 26/2009 Jelena Mijatovic Bacillus cereus Spores and Cereulide in Role of -
Pathometabolism of Emetic Bacillus Cereus
REVIEW published: 14 July 2015 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00704 Food–bacteria interplay: pathometabolism of emetic Bacillus cereus Monika Ehling-Schulz1*, Elrike Frenzel1† and Michel Gohar2 Edited by: 1 Functional Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Beiyan Nan, Vienna, Austria, 2 INRA, UMR1319 Micalis, AgroParistech – Domaine de Vilvert, Génétique Microbienne et Environnement, University of California, Berkeley, USA Jouy-en-Josas, France Reviewed by: George-John Nychas, Bacillus cereus is a Gram-positive endospore forming bacterium known for its wide Agricultural University of Athens, Greece spectrum of phenotypic traits, enabling it to occupy diverse ecological niches. Although Pendru Raghunath, the population structure of B. cereus is highly dynamic and rather panmictic, production Dr. VRK Women’s Medical College, India of the emetic B. cereus toxin cereulide is restricted to strains with specific genotypic Learn-Han Lee, traits, associated with distinct environmental habitats. Cereulide is an ionophoric Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia dodecadepsipeptide that is produced non-ribosomally by an enzyme complex with an Jacques Mahillon, Université Catholique de Louvain, unusual modular structure, named cereulide synthetase (Ces non-ribosomal peptide Belgium synthetase). The ces gene locus is encoded on a mega virulence plasmid related to *Correspondence: the B. anthracis toxin plasmid pXO1. Cereulide, a highly thermo- and pH- resistant Monika Ehling-Schulz, Functional Microbiology, Institute molecule, is preformed in food, evokes vomiting a few hours after ingestion, and was of Microbiology, Department shown to be the direct cause of gastroenteritis symptoms; occasionally it is implicated of Pathobiology, University in severe clinical manifestations including acute liver failures. -
Identification and Classification of Known and Putative Antimicrobial Compounds Produced by a Wide Variety of Bacillales Species Xin Zhao1,2 and Oscar P
Zhao and Kuipers BMC Genomics (2016) 17:882 DOI 10.1186/s12864-016-3224-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Identification and classification of known and putative antimicrobial compounds produced by a wide variety of Bacillales species Xin Zhao1,2 and Oscar P. Kuipers1* Abstract Background: Gram-positive bacteria of the Bacillales are important producers of antimicrobial compounds that might be utilized for medical, food or agricultural applications. Thanks to the wide availability of whole genome sequence data and the development of specific genome mining tools, novel antimicrobial compounds, either ribosomally- or non-ribosomally produced, of various Bacillales species can be predicted and classified. Here, we provide a classification scheme of known and putative antimicrobial compounds in the specific context of Bacillales species. Results: We identify and describe known and putative bacteriocins, non-ribosomally synthesized peptides (NRPs), polyketides (PKs) and other antimicrobials from 328 whole-genome sequenced strains of 57 species of Bacillales by using web based genome-mining prediction tools. We provide a classification scheme for these bacteriocins, update the findings of NRPs and PKs and investigate their characteristics and suitability for biocontrol by describing per class their genetic organization and structure. Moreover, we highlight the potential of several known and novel antimicrobials from various species of Bacillales. Conclusions: Our extended classification of antimicrobial compounds demonstrates that Bacillales provide a rich source of novel antimicrobials that can now readily be tapped experimentally, since many new gene clusters are identified. Keywords: Antimicrobials, Bacillales, Bacillus, Genome-mining, Lanthipeptides, Sactipeptides, Thiopeptides, NRPs, PKs Background (bacteriocins) [4], as well as non-ribosomally synthesized Most of the species of the genus Bacillus and related peptides (NRPs) and polyketides (PKs) [5].