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CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM U.S.-Russia Relations: Policy Challenges in a New Era
CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM U.S.-Russia Relations: Policy Challenges in a New Era May 29 – June 3, 2018 Helsinki, Finland and Tallinn, Estonia Copyright @ 2018 by The Aspen Institute The Aspen Institute 2300 N Street Northwest Washington, DC 20037 Published in the United States of America in 2018 by The Aspen Institute All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America U.S.-Russia Relations: Policy Challenges in a New Era May 29 – June 3, 2018 The Aspen Institute Congressional Program Table of Contents Rapporteur’s Summary Matthew Rojansky ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Russia 2018: Postponing the Start of the Post-Putin Era .............................................................................. 9 John Beyrle U.S.-Russian Relations: The Price of Cold War ........................................................................................ 15 Robert Legvold Managing the U.S.-Russian Confrontation Requires Realism .................................................................... 21 Dmitri Trenin Apple of Discord or a Key to Big Deal: Ukraine in U.S.-Russia Relations ................................................ 25 Vasyl Filipchuk What Does Russia Want? ............................................................................................................................ 39 Kadri Liik Russia and the West: Narratives and Prospects ......................................................................................... -
Money Laundering Cases Involving Russian Individuals and Their Effect on the Eu”
29-01-2019 1 SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON FINANCIAL CRIMES, TAX EVASION AND TAX AVOIDANCE (TAX3) TUESDAY 29 JANUARY 2019 * * * PUBLIC HEARING “MONEY LAUNDERING CASES INVOLVING RUSSIAN INDIVIDUALS AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE EU” * * * Panel I: Effects in the EU of the money laundering cases involving Russian linkages Anders Åslund, Senior Fellow, Atlantic Council; Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University Joshua Kirschenbaum, Senior fellow at German Marshall Fund’s Alliance for Securing Democracy Richard Brooks, Financial investigative journalist for The Guardian and Private Eye magazine Panel II: The Magnitsky case Bill Browder, CEO and co-founder of Hermitage Capital Management Günter Schirmer, Head of the Secretariat of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 2 29-01-2019 1-002-0000 IN THE CHAIR: PETR JEŽEK Chair of the Special Committee on Financial Crimes, Tax Evasion and Tax Avoidance (The meeting opened at 14.38) Panel I: Effects in the EU of money laundering cases involving Russian linkages 1-004-0000 Chair. – Good afternoon dear colleagues, dear guests, Ladies and Gentlemen. Let us start the public hearing of the Special Committee on Financial Crimes, Tax Evasion and Tax Avoidance (TAX3) on money-laundering cases involving Russian individuals and their effects on the EU. We will deal with the issue in two panels. On the first panel we are going to discuss the effects on the EU of money-laundering cases involving Russian linkages. Let me now introduce the speakers for the first panel. We welcome Mr Anders Åslund, who is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and Adjunct Professor, Georgetown University. -
US Sanctions on Russia
U.S. Sanctions on Russia Updated January 17, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45415 SUMMARY R45415 U.S. Sanctions on Russia January 17, 2020 Sanctions are a central element of U.S. policy to counter and deter malign Russian behavior. The United States has imposed sanctions on Russia mainly in response to Russia’s 2014 invasion of Cory Welt, Coordinator Ukraine, to reverse and deter further Russian aggression in Ukraine, and to deter Russian Specialist in European aggression against other countries. The United States also has imposed sanctions on Russia in Affairs response to (and to deter) election interference and other malicious cyber-enabled activities, human rights abuses, the use of a chemical weapon, weapons proliferation, illicit trade with North Korea, and support to Syria and Venezuela. Most Members of Congress support a robust Kristin Archick Specialist in European use of sanctions amid concerns about Russia’s international behavior and geostrategic intentions. Affairs Sanctions related to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine are based mainly on four executive orders (EOs) that President Obama issued in 2014. That year, Congress also passed and President Rebecca M. Nelson Obama signed into law two acts establishing sanctions in response to Russia’s invasion of Specialist in International Ukraine: the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Trade and Finance Ukraine Act of 2014 (SSIDES; P.L. 113-95/H.R. 4152) and the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (UFSA; P.L. 113-272/H.R. 5859). Dianne E. Rennack Specialist in Foreign Policy In 2017, Congress passed and President Trump signed into law the Countering Russian Influence Legislation in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (CRIEEA; P.L. -
Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S
Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests Jim Nichol, Coordinator Specialist in Russian and Eurasian Affairs November 4, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL33407 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests Summary Russia made some uneven progress in democratization during the 1990s, but according to most observers, this limited progress was reversed after Vladimir Putin rose to power in 1999-2000. During this period, the State Duma (lower legislative chamber) came to be dominated by government-approved parties and opposition democratic parties were excluded. Putin also abolished gubernatorial elections and established government ownership or control over major media and industries, including the energy sector. The methods used by the Putin government to suppress insurgency in the North Caucasus demonstrated a low regard for the rule of law and scant regard for human rights, according to critics. Dmitriy Medvedev, Vladimir Putin’s chosen successor and long-time protégé, was elected president in March 2008 and immediately chose Putin as prime minister. President Medvedev has continued policies established during the Putin presidency. In August 2008, the Medvedev-Putin “tandem” directed wide-scale military operations against Georgia and unilaterally recognized the independence of Georgia’s separatist South Ossetia and Abkhazia, actions that were censured by most of the international community but which resulted in few, minor, and only temporary international sanctions against Russia. Russia’s economy began to recover from the Soviet collapse in 1999, led mainly by oil and gas exports, but the sharp decline in oil and gas prices in mid-2008 and other aspects of the global economic downturn put a halt to this growth. -
A Survey of Corporate Governance in Russia
Centre for Economic and Financial Research at New Economic School June 2007 A Survey of Corporate Governance in Russia Olga Lazareva Andrei Rachinsky Sergey Stepanov Working Paper No 103 CEFIR / NES Working Paper series A Survey of Corporate Governance in Russia Olga Lazareva, Andrei Rachinsky, and Sergey Stepanov* June 2007 Abstract In this survey, we describe the current state of corporate governance in Russia and discuss its dynamics and prospects. We review the main mechanisms of corporate governance in the country and relate them to firms’ ownership structures, financial market development and government influence. Finally, we discuss the current trends in Russian corporate governance and its prospects. Keywords: corporate governance, ownership, expropriation, predatory state, property rights JEL Classifications: G32, G34, G38 * Olga Lazareva: Centre for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR) and Stockholm School of Economics, [email protected]; Andrei Rachinsky: CEFIR, [email protected]; Sergey Stepanov: New Economic School and CEFIR, [email protected] We thank Sergei Guriev for very valuable comments 1. Introduction In this survey we describe the current state of corporate governance in Russia and discuss its dynamics and prospects. Corporate governance has become an important topic in Russia once again, and there is a clear trend among the largest Russian companies to adhere to good corporate governance standards by increasing disclosure, complying with international accounting standards, placing “independent directors” on boards, and adopting corporate governance codes, for example. There have also been initiatives to improve corporate governance from the government, regulators and various private agencies. The government is adopting new laws and amendments to the existing laws. -
U.S. Sanctions Against Russia: Theory, Scope, and Intended and Unintended Consequences for the Investment Behavior of Russian Business Owners
Working Paper Series International Trade and Economic Diplomacy Middlebury Institute of International Studies Monterey, CA U.S. Sanctions Against Russia: Theory, Scope, and Intended and Unintended Consequences for the Investment Behavior of Russian Business Owners Darrell Stanaford MA in International Trade and Economic Diplomacy Candidate December 2020 Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to explore the use of sanctions against Russian individual businessmen. It seeks to understand how the sanctioning of individuals fits into the overall policy of U.S. sanctions against Russia. It asks what specific sanction policies goals were furthered by sanctioning specific businessmen, for what actions they were selected as targets of the sanctions and if there is a logical connection between the two. Finally, it asks if the sanctions were effective and if there were any unintended consequences of them. The views and findings expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Middlebury Institute of International Studies or any officials of the Institute. I. Introduction This paper explores the use of sanctions against Russian individual businessmen. It seeks to understand how the sanctioning of individuals fits into the overall policy of U.S. sanctions against Russia. It asks what specific sanction policies goals were furthered by sanctioning specific businessmen, for what actions they were selected as targets of the sanctions and if there is a logical connection between the two. Finally, it asks if the sanctions were effective and if there were any unintended consequences of them. II. Post-Cold War U.S. Sanctions Against Russia Beginning with the death of Sergei Magnitsky in a Russian prison in 2009, the United States has imposed a range of sanctions against Russian individuals for different reasons and with different purposes. -
6Zzj2alic7.Pdf
Emerging Markets: BP, AAR, and TNK-BP (also see Emerging Markets 7.1) ETHICAL DILEMMA TNK-BP is a joint venture (JV) company that is 50% owned by BP and 50% owned by the AAR consortium, which represents three major Russian business groups: Alfa, Access, and Renova. Founded in 2003, TNK-BP is a major oil company in its own right. It is Russia’s third largest oil producer and among the ten largest private oil companies in the world. Producing about 1.9 million barrels of oil per day, TNK-BP provides about 25% of BP’s oil production and 40% of its reserves. It pays about $2 billion dividends each year to BP. Such a cash cow with huge reserves would seem to be—in the words of Bloomberg Business- week—a “godsend.” Unfortunately, TNK-BP has turned out to be an unending saga of headaches, conflicts, and intrigue between BP and its three Russian oligarch part- ners: Mikhail Fridman (founder of Alfa Group and chair- man of the board of TNK-BP), Len Blavatnik (founder of Access Industries), and Viktor Vekselberg (founder of Renova Group). Two episodes stand out. Episode I In 2008, the Russian partners publicly aired two grie- vances. First, TNK-BP relied on too many BP’s expatriate (expat) consultants, whose fees were a “rip off”—extra dividends to BP but excessive costs to TNK-BP. Second, and more importantly, the Russians wanted TNK-BP to pursue opportunities outside of Russia and Ukraine, but BP insisted on fencing TNK-BP within Russia and Ukraine to prevent TNK-BP from becoming a global competitor. -
TNK-BP Limited)
ROSNEFT INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF AND FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED 30 JUNE 2013 (UNAUDITED) ROSNEFT INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS LIMITED Interim Condensed Consolidated Income Statement and Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) (expressed in millions of USD) Three months Six months Three months ended Six months ended ended 30 June 2012 ended 30 June 2012 30 June 2013 (reclassified) Note 30 June 2013 (reclassified) 14,164 14,255 Gross Proceeds 5 28,380 30,344 (4,311) (4,679) Less: export duties (8,016) (9,311) 9,853 9,576 Sales and other operating revenues 5 20,364 21,033 (3) (103) (Loss)/earnings from equity-accounted investments 9 (15) 104 7 - Gain on disposals of businesses 7 - (2,912) (3,065) Taxes other than income tax 15 (6,069) (6,289) (1,350) (1,152) Operating expenses (2,491) (2,297) (1,166) (1,329) Purchases of oil, oil products and other products (2,323) (2,956) (1,398) (1,253) Transportation expenses (2,777) (2,600) (703) (552) Depreciation, depletion and amortisation 10 (1,351) (1,123) (207) (354) Selling, distribution and administrative expenses (571) (694) (643) (22) Loss on disposals and impairment of assets 4 (711) (323) (55) (56) Exploration expenses (115) (101) 1,423 1,690 Operating profit 3,948 4,754 404 69 Exchange gain/(loss), net 606 (2) (49) (54) Finance cost (124) (124) 16 23 Interest income and net other financial income 2 1 (26) - Other expenses 18 (102) - 1,768 1,728 Profit before income taxes 4,330 4,629 (434) (781) Income tax benefit/(expense) -
U.S. Sanctions Against Russia Continue to Disrupt
Debevoise Update D&P U.S. Sanctions Against Russia Continue to Disrupt April 30, 2018 On April 23, 2018, recognizing the continued market turmoil caused by recent U.S. sanctions against Russian “oligarchs” and their related companies, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) issued expanded relief from these sanctions. Despite these and earlier mitigating efforts by OFAC, both U.S. and non-U.S. persons continue to grapple with questions arising from OFAC’s recent expansion of sanctions. REMARKABLE IMPACT On April 6, 2018, OFAC announced new blocking sanctions “in response to [Russia’s] worldwide malign activity.”1 The sanctions apply to seven Russian “oligarchs” and twelve related companies, as well as several Russian government officials, a state-owned defense exporter and its subsidiary bank. The sanctions, as a result of their broad scope, their targets’ role in the world economy and their expansive implications for financial and commercial activities worldwide, have had a substantial impact. In previous rounds of sanctions against Russia, the United States took care to target globally significant companies only for limited restrictions on their access to U.S. equity and debt financing. These new sanctions marked a departure from this previous approach in several ways. First, as blocking sanctions, these measures are the harshest sanctions imposed under U.S. law. U.S. persons are prohibited from dealing with a designated person and must “block” (i.e., freeze) any property or interests in property of a designated person. Among other disruptions, this action immediately cut off the designated individuals and companies from access to U.S. -
ALFA GROUP Combined Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 December 2004
ALFA GROUP COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND AUDITORS’ REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2004 ALFA GROUP Combined Financial Statements For the year ended 31 December 2004 Table of Contents Statement of Management’s Responsibilities Auditors’ Report Combined Balance Sheet...............................................................................................................................................1 Combined Statement of Income ....................................................................................................................................2 Combined Statement of Cash Flows .............................................................................................................................3 Combined Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity............................................................................................4 Notes to the Combined Financial Statements 1 Alfa Group.........................................................................................................................................................5 2 Operating Environment of the Group................................................................................................................6 3 Principal Accounting Policies ...........................................................................................................................7 4 Property, Plant and Equipment........................................................................................................................17 -
Seven Economic Challenges for Russia
Seven economic challenges for Russia Breaking out of stagnation? IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Author: Martin Russell Members' Research Service PE 625.138 – July 2018 EN This publication describes the current condition of the Russian economy, which has suffered recently from external shocks, such asa collapse in oil prices and Western sanctions. However, it argues that poor economic performance has more to do with long-term internal problems, including a lack of competitive markets, low levels of investment, an absence of innovation and excessive dependence on natural resources. Finally, it discusses President Putin's promises of economic reforms to tackle such issues, and evaluates the probability of major change. AUTHOR Martin Russell, External Policies Unit, Members' Research Service This paper has been drawn up by the Members' Research Service, within the Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services (EPRS) of the Secretariat of the European Parliament. To contact the authors, please email: [email protected] LINGUISTIC VERSIONS Original: EN Translations: DE, FR Manuscript completed in July 2018. DISCLAIMER AND COPYRIGHT This document is prepared for, and addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament as background material to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament. Reproduction and translation for non-commercial purposes are authorised, provided the source is acknowledged and the European Parliament is given prior notice and sent a copy. Brussels © European Union, 2018. Photo credits: © logoboom / Fotolia. -
Sumit Dutta May 2014
Sumit Dutta May 2014 learn more at ANwww.OilandGasIQ.com OIL & GAS IQ EBOOK THE OIL & GAS RICH LIST 2014 INTRODUCTION 3 MUKESH AMBANI 4 LEN BLAVATNIK 5 GINA RINEHART 6 MIKHAIL FRIDMAN 7 VIKTOR VEKSELBERG 8 HAROLD HAMM 9 MOHAMMED AL AMOUDI 10 LEONID MIKHELSON 11 JOHN FREDRIKSEN 12 GENNADY TIMCHENKO 13 VAGIT ALEKPEROV 14 ANDREY MELNICHENKO 15 GERMAN KHAN 16 CARRIE PERRODO & FAMILY 17 KLAUS-MICHAEL KUEHNE 18 GEORGE KAISER 19 RICHARD KINDER 20 ALEXEI KUZMICHEV 21 DUNCAN FAMILY 22 LEONID FEDUN 23 THE RICH LIST BY THE NUMBERS 24 SOURCES 26 ABOUT OIL & GAS IQ 27 Published By learn more at www.OilandGasIQ.com THE OIL & GAS RICH LIST 2014 It is fair to say that hydrocarbons make the world go round. If you don't believe that, ask the 20 people that we are about to feature. Although you probably won't be able top get an answer from them by email.... There now are over 1,600 billionaires globally and it comes as no surprise that a significant proportion are involved in oil, gas and its related industries. As we exit the economic downturn it is apparent some players in oil and gas have benefited more than most. The combined wealth of the top 20 individuals in this study is an astonishing $289.7 bn. For those keeping score, that is enough to buy you Chevron outright and still have a healthy $60 bn left over for fun. So what makes a savvy professional into a tycoon? As we are about to reveal, two key factors in the rise from business man to baron are a diversified portfolio and killer timing.