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Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley

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Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Public Access Theses and Dissertations from Education and Human Sciences, College of the College of Education and Human Sciences (CEHS) 2010 Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley Carolyn K. Ducey University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss Part of the Education Commons, Social History Commons, United States History Commons, and the Women's History Commons Ducey, Carolyn K., "Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley" (2010). Public Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences. 82. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cehsdiss/82 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Education and Human Sciences, College of (CEHS) at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Public Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Mid-nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley by Carolyn K. Ducey A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Interdepartmental Area of Human Sciences (Textiles, Clothing & Design) Under the Supervision of Professor Patricia Crews Lincoln, Nebraska June, 2010 Chintz Appliqué Albums: Memory and Meaning in Mid-nineteenth Century Quilts of the Delaware River Valley by Carolyn K. Ducey, Ph.D. University of Nebraska, 2010 Advisor: Patricia Crews This study examined two sub-sets of a unique style of chintz appliqué album quilt that developed in the 1840s in Delaware River Valley, specifically Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Trenton, New Jersey. The two groups provide examples of two distinct roles that the album quilts played in the lives of their makers: one acting as a literal record of familial ties, serving to preserve memory and reinforce family structure and the other representing the work of the members of the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia, providing a vehicle to recognize and appreciate dedicated service and playing a role in encouraging interest and support for international missions. Historical and genealogical research of the inscribed details substantiated the connection between each group of quilts and provided an opportunity to uncover rich details of the economic position and societal roles of the individuals whose names are inscribed on the quilts, and offered a means to better understand the cultural environment in which they were made. Research of the sub-sets, now identified as the Fish/Perrine Album quilts (a group of three quilts) and the First Baptist Church Album Quilts, (a group of five quilts and a sixth non-extant quilt known through written sources) has advanced the study of quilt history by placing the quilts in the larger context of American quiltmaking; women’s history, through investigation of expectations placed on women by the emergence of the American middle class, urbanization, and the expansion of the American consumer culture, and social history, which revealed the importance for nineteenth century individuals, of maintaining family connections and preserving memory. The quiltmaking activities of these individuals served to solidify their roles as wives and mothers and as productive citizens of their communities and the world. iii All photographs by Carolyn Ducey, unless otherwise cited. Copyright Carolyn K. Ducey All rights Reserved, 2010 iv Dedication: This dissertation is dedicated to my parents Donald and Darlene Haselhorst Ducey who taught all eight of their children the importance of education. v Acknowledgements: I wish to thank my family for their constant support and encouragement, specifically my husband, Benjamin De Bord. I also wish to thank Dr. Patricia Crews, my advisor, and the members of my graduate committee, Dr. Julie Johnson, Dr. Barbara Trout, and Dr. Ken Winkle and the staff of the International Quilt Study Center & Museum, Marin Hanson, Maureen Ose, Janet Price, Barbara Caron, Mary Ourecky, and Joy Glenn, for their unfailing support. I also want to express my deep appreciation for the volunteers of the International Quilt Study Center & Museum who supported me through completion of my graduate studies. In addition, I wish to thank the following scholars and museum professionals that assisted me by generously making the various quilts and quilt information available to me and encouraging me to carry on to uncover the intriguing stories behind them: Nao Nomura; Xenia Cord; Dilys Blum, Curator of Costume & Textiles, Kristina Haugland, Associate Curator of Costume and Textiles and Supervising Curator for the Study Room and Academic Relations, and assistants Hella Bloom, Ingrid Johnson, and Stephanie Feaster of the Philadelphia Museum of Art; Alden O’Brien, Curator of Costume and Textiles, Daughters of the American Revolution Museum; Paul Manoguerra, Curator of American Art, and Deirdre Conneely, Associate Curator, Georgia Museum of Art; and Alice Zrebiec, Curator of Textiles, Denver Art Museum. I also wish to thank the following individuals who helped to facilitate this research: Patricia Herr, board member of the Philadelphia Museum of Art; Betty Layton, archivist at the American Baptist Historical Society in Atlanta, Georgia, and Beryl Russell, archivist of the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia and her two associates Jan Rodgers and Mary Lynn Williams. Lastly, a very special thank you to Joan Laughlin for the enormous amount of time she dedicated to genealogical research of the many individuals named on these quilts and for her unfailing support and enthusiasm as I completed this project. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title Page……………………………………………………………………….……………….Page i Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….Page ii Copyright………………………………………………………………………………………..Page iii Dedication……………………………………………………………………………………….Page iv Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………...Page v Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………..Page vi List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………….…..Page viii Chapter One: Introduction, Literature Review and Sources….…………………………………Page 1 Chapter Two: Chintz Appliqué Quilts…………………………………………………………..Page 11 Chapter Three: The Fish Family Album Quilts…………………………………………………Page 31 Chapter Four: The First Baptist Church Album Quilts………………………………………….Page 63 Chapter Five: Conclusion and Summary……………………………………………….…….....Page 120 Endnotes…………………………………………………………………………………………Page 128 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………..Page 141 Appendices………………………………………………………………………………………Page 148 A. Tables Illustrating Location of Names on Quilts A.1 Emma Fish album…………………………………………………….….. Page 148 A.2 Emmeline Fish Album………………………………………………….…Page 149 A.3 Anna Perrine Album…………………………………………….…….…..Page 150 B. Compilation of All Dates Found on Fish/Perrine Quilts…………………...…….….Page 151 C. Shared Fabrics in Fish/Perrine Quilts………………………………….…...…….… Page 153 D. Occupation of Individuals Named on the Fish/Perrine Quilts…….…….……….…..Page 160 E. Fish/Perrine Family Sources E.1 Fish Family…………………………………………………………..........Page 161 vii E.2 Howell Family……………………………………………….…...…….…Page 165 E.3 Moore Family……………………………………………………………..Page 166 E.4 Perrine Family………………………………………………………….…Page 167 F. Primary Sources for Individuals Unrelated to Fish/Perrine Families…………….....Page 168 G. Individuals on Fish/Perrine Quilts without Documentation………………………...Page 173 H. Tables Illustrating Location of Names on Quilts H.1 Rhees Album…………………………………………………………….. Page 174 H.2 Wattson Album………………………………………………………..….Page 175 H.3 Holcombe Album…………………………………………………….…...Page 176 H.4 Watkinson Album………………………………………………….….….Page 177 H.5 Easby Album……………………………………………………………. .Page 178 I. Writing Styles……………………………………………………………………...…Page 179 J. First Baptist Church Family Sources J.1 Rhees Family………..……………………………………………….….…Page 180 J.1 Wattson Family………………...…………………………………….….…Page 184 J.1 Holcombe Family……………………...…………………………………...Page 188 J.1 Watkinson Family……………………………………………………….…Page 189 J.1 Easby Family……………………………………………………………….Page 190 J.1 Deborah Wade ……………………………………………………………..Page 191 K. Occupation of Individuals Named on the First Baptist Church Quilts.......................Page 193 L. Primary Sources for Individuals Who Were First Baptist Church Members...….......Page 194 M. Primary Sources for Individuals without Membership in First Baptist Church….…Page 203 N. Compilation of Names Associated with Roxborough and/or Manuyunk Church......Page 204 O. Individuals on First Baptist Church Quilts without Documentation………………. Page 205 viii Figures Figure 2.1 Detail: Chintz yardage………………………………….………………………….. Page 18 Figure 2.2 Detail: IQSC 1997.007.0306……………………………………….……………….Page 18 Figure 2.3 Detail: IQSC 1997.007.0306…………………………………………….………… Page 19 Figure 2.4 Detail: IQSC 2006.006.0003……………………………………………….……… Page 19 Figure 2.5 Detail: IQSC 2005.053.0003………………………………………………………. Page 19 Figure 2.6 Medallion IQSC 2008.040.0001…………………………………………………....Page 20 Figure 2.7 Tree of Life IQSC 2007.034.0001……………………………………………….…Page 21 Figure 2.8 Star of Bethlehem IQSC 1997.007.0369……………………………….…………..Page 23 Figure 2.9 Medallion IQSC 2007.040.0001……………………………………………………Page
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