Two Generations of Congress 'Communalism'
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lokmanya Tilak's Editorials for Mass Education
International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Vol.11, No. 1 (2020), pp. 572-590 LOKMANYA TILAK’S EDITORIALS FOR MASS EDUCATION Dr. Deepak J. Tilak Vice Chancellor, Tilak Maharasthra Vidyapeeth, Pune Dr. Geetali D. Tilak Professor, Department of Mass Communication Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune Abstract Lokmanya B.G. Tilak wanted to educate people about drain theory, inequality, injustice, poverty and colonial dual policy for the common man. He realized that common man should know all these facts and should be aware of the injustice to them and to know the parademic situation around them which will create awareness for his birth right – Swaraj. Lokmanya Tilak’s Editorials in Kesari was a fight against the British Government and created unrest against British colonial policies. This research paper is confined to 1890 to 1920 and media writing of the great patriot Lokmanya B.G. Tilak who wrote various articles in his newspaper “Kesari” to educate the masses about need of Swarajya and means of development of India. Lokmanya Tilak was a great orator, he used his lectures as a storytelling tool to educate the masses about need of Swarajya and means of development of India. Lokmanya Tilak had the strength to influentially express the subject matter. Thoughtful topic, proper words and pragmatic examples were the soul of his lectures. Lokmanya Tilak had very powerful skills to analyze the minute and enlighten very minute details of any subject, which always reflected in his lectures. Keywords: Lokmanya Tilak, Lokmanya Tilak’s editorials, articles, Kesari, Media, Education, British Government Introduction: Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak was multi-faceted personality in the 19th century in the freedom struggle also known as a spokesman of Swarajya, i.e. -
Biography of Babarao Savarkar
Biography of Babarao Savarkar www.savarkar.org Preface Ganesh Damodar Savarkar was a patriot of the first order. Commonly known as Babarao Savarkar, he is the epitome of heroism that is unknown and unsung! He was the eldest of the four Savarkar siblings - Ganesh or Babarao; Vinayak or Tatyarao, Narayan or Balarao were the three Savarkar brothers; they had a sister named Maina or Mai who was married into the Kale family. Babarao was a great revolutionary, philosopher, writer and organizer of Hindus. The following account is largely an abridged English version of Krantiveer Babarao Savarkar, a Marathi biography written by DN Gokhale, Shrividya Prakashan, Pune, second edition, pp.343, 1979. Some part has been taken from Krantikallol (The high tide of revolution), a Marathi biography of Veer Vinayak Damodar (Tatyarao) Savarkar’s revolutionary life by VS Joshi; Manorama Prakashan, 1985. Details of the Cellular jail have been taken from Memorable Documentary on revolutionary freedom fighter Veer Savarkar by Prem Vaidya, Veer Savarkar Prakashan, 1997 and also from the website www.andamancellularjail.org. Certain portions dealing with Babarao’s warm relations with Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh founder Dr. Keshav Baliram Hedgewar have been translated from Dr. Hedgewar’s definitive Marathi biography by Narayan Hari Palkar; Bharatiya Vichar Sadhana, Pune, fourth edition, 1998. Pune, 28 May 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ...........................................................................................1 1 Early childhood.......................................................................7 1.1 Babarao and Tatyarao: ......................................................................... 8 2 Initial Revolutionary Activities...............................................10 2.1 Liberation of the soul or liberation of the motherland? ........................ 10 2.2 Mitramela and Abhinav Bharat: ........................................................... 11 2.3 First-ever public bonfire of foreign goods: .......................................... -
Interim Government ● 2Nd September 1946: Jawaharlal Nehru Was Chosen As the Head of Interim Government
Interim Government ● 2nd September 1946: Jawaharlal Nehru was chosen as the head of interim government. ● It was boycotted by Muslim League. ● After the initial boycott, League joined interim government in the last week of October 1946. ● 5 League members were made ministers in Interim government including Liaquat Ali Khan who was made the Finance Minister. ● 20th Feb 1947: Attlee declared that India would be freed by June 1948 & also announced that Lord Mountbatten would be the last Governor General of India. ● Lord Mountbatten announced Mountbatten plan on 3rd June. Mountbatten Plan ● On 15th August India would be freed. ● If one group of Punjab & Bengal assembly demands for partition, it would be done. ● If partition happened, then there would be boundary commission headed by Radcliffe. ● Princely states had to join either state & were not allowed to remain free. ● Each dominion state will have its own Governor General India Independence Act July 18, 1947 ● The British Parliament ratified the Mountbatten Plan as the "Independence of India Act-1947". The Act was implemented on August 15, 1947. ● The Act provided for the creation of 2 independent dominions of India & Pakistan. ● M.A. Jinnah became the 1st Governor-General of Pakistan. ● India, however, decided to request Lord Mountbatten to continue. ● C Rajagopalachari Revolutionaries Revolutionary Movement q Emerged in 1st decade of 20th century in Bengal (Kolkata) & Maharashtra (Pune) q Anushilan Samiti, Sandhya, Yuganthar were the groups formed in Bengal & Mithra Mela, Abhinav Bharat were formed in Maharashtra Alipore Conspiracy Case ● Also called the Maniktala bomb conspiracy was the trial of a number of revolutionaries in Calcutta under charges of "Waging war against the Government" of the British Raj between May 1908 & May 1909. -
Original Research Paper History Dr. Geetali D. Tilak*
Original Research Paper Volume-9 | Issue-6 | June-2019 | PRINT ISSN No. 2249 - 555X History THE LAST BATTLE OF LOKMANYA Dr. Deepak J. Tilak Vice Chancellor, Tilak Maharasthra Vidyapeeth, Pune Dr. Geetali D. Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune Tilak* *Corresponding Author ABSTRACT The present paper is an attempt to study the last battle of Lokmanya Tilak i.e during 1914 to 1920 and foundation laid by him for Swaraj. It presents the history of Freedom Movement and various achievements of Lokmanya Tilak's in the political sphere. It presents the various reforms laid down at the foundation level. It concludes with the result of Lokmanya's last struggle for freedom. KEYWORDS : Lokmanya Tilak, Swaraj, freedom struggle Introduction: visionary leader. Knowledge of Vedas, Math, Sanskrit, Law, History Lokmanya was a visionary leader. During the period between 1897 and and western sciences allowed him to envision a powerful and modern 1920, Tilak was recognized as a national leader except by the India. moderates and he was considered as the only leader of Hindustan. The idea of "People's Strength" was introduced by Tilak to the Indian Even when freedom was a distant dream, Lokmanya was politics. He connected people from every social stratum and made critically analyzing the elements for free and independent India. them aware of importance of freedom struggle and people hence forth Mahathma Gandhi rightly called him 'The Architect of Modern India'. christened him Lokmanya. Tilak relentlessly worked for India's freedom, though he was aware of the time it would take to accomplish independence. -
GIPE-084074.Pdf
DhananJ8yarao Gadgll LIbrary , 11111\\ 11111 111\111111 11111 11111 1IIIIlU ~!PE_PUNE-084074 '34074 --- ------ - - - - OBSERVATIONS. The first accused, the Hon'ble Mr. B:G. Tilak, is the Editor and Proprietor, and the second accused, Keshav Mahadev Bal, is the alleged Printer, of a Marathi weekly newspaper called the "Kesari" "(the Lion)" printed and published in Poona. Mr. rrilak is a permanent resident of Poona and the press in which the Kesari is printed has always been located in Poona; and yet this prosecution has been instituted in Bombay where Mr. Tilak was arrested when on an occ~sional visit on business, and where, technically, the Kesari is publishe\'1, there being some subscriber!! in Bombay to whom the paper used to be des patched by post during the prevalence of the plague, at other times the paper being distributed to the Bombay subscribers by agents employed for the purpose. It is a matter not without significance that the prosecution should have been undertaken in.Bombay and not in Poona ; if the case had been tried in Poona the accused would have had the advantage a trial before his own people acquainted with the languaga in which the articles impugned are published and free from passion and prejudice. He would further have had the advantage of an appeal to the High Court before two judges, and would thus pave been free from the disadvantage under which he now labours in being tried in Bombay by a jury the majority of whom will not be his countrymen, but will bo Anglo-Indians having no knowledge of Marathi, and whose feelings and prejudice have 1een greatly excited against him by the biassed and violent writings indulged in by the Anglo -Indian papers; and moreover, there would be no appeal against the verdict of the Jury. -
Lokamanya Tilak G
LOKAMANYA TILAK G. P. PRADHAN Foreword 1. Student and Teacher 2. Dedicated Journalist and Radical Nationalist 3. Four-Point Programme for Swarajya 4. An Ordeal 5. Broad-Based Political Movement 6. Scholar and Unique Leader Index Foreword The conquest of a nation by an alien power does not mean merely the loss of political freedom; it means the loss of one’s self-confidence too. Due to economic exploitation by the ruling power, the conquered nation is deprived of its natural resources and the people lose their sense of self-respect. Slavery leads to moral degradation and it thus becomes essential to restore self-confidence in the people so that they become fearless enough to participate in the struggle for freedom. In this respect Tilak played a pioneering role in India’s freedom struggle. For nearly four decades, he directed his energies to the task of creating the consciousness in the people that swarajya was their birthright. As editor of the Kesafy he opposed the tyrannical British rule and raised his voice against the injustices perpetrated on the Indians. With Chhatrapati Shivaji as his perennial source of inspiration, Tilak appealed to the people to emulate the great Maratha warrior and revive the glorious past. During the famine of 1896, Tilak made a fervent plea that the government must provide relief to the peasants, as stipulated in the Famine Relief Code. When Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, partitioned Bengal, the people of Bengal were enraged. Tilak, alongwith Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal, made the issue of partition a national cause and appealed to the people to assert their rights. -
The Role of Marathi Newspapers in Samyukta Maharashtra Movement
International Journal of Applied Research 2015; 1(12): 435-436 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 The Role of Marathi Newspapers in Samyukta Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2015; 1(12): 435-436 Maharashtra Movement www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 01-09-2015 Accepted: 03-10-2015 Ashish Nareshrao Thakare Ashish Nareshrao Thakare B. D. College of Engineering, Abstract Sevagram Samyukta Maharashtra Movement was the most powerful movement after independence. The movement received active support from Maharashtra people. The inclusion of Bombay in the Maharashtra state is considered as the victory of the movement. Marathi Newspapers “Navyug”, Maratha, Samyukta Maharashtra Patrika, Prabhat, Belgaon Samachar, Navakal etc. played a key role to make this movement more mass base. “Maratha” was considered as the mouthpiece of the movement. Marathi Newspapers spearheaded the demand for the creation of a separate Marathi-speaking state with the city of Bombay as its capital. Keywords: movement, mouthpiece, spearheaded. 1. Introduction The rise and growth of the Samyukta Maharashtra movement must be studied not merely in the general context of the country-wide agitation for linguistic States but also in the particular context of the society and politics in Maharashtra Language is closely related to culture and therefore to the customs of people. Besides, the massive spread of education and growth of mass literacy can only occur through the medium of the mother tongue. The history of Samyukta Maharashtra movement can be stretched back to 1920s. Lokmanya Tilak expressed the need to impart national education through mother tongue. Gandhiji himself proposed recreation of States along the linguistic lines in the Nagpur Session in 1921. -
Galaxy: International Multidisciplinary Research Journal the Criterion: an International Journal in English Vol
About Us: http://www.the-criterion.com/about/ Archive: http://www.the-criterion.com/archive/ Contact Us: http://www.the-criterion.com/contact/ Editorial Board: http://www.the-criterion.com/editorial-board/ Submission: http://www.the-criterion.com/submission/ FAQ: http://www.the-criterion.com/fa/ ISSN 2278-9529 Galaxy: International Multidisciplinary Research Journal www.galaxyimrj.com The Criterion: An International Journal in English Vol. 9, Issue-IV, August 2018 ISSN: 0976-8165 Contribution of Rationalist Social Reformer Gopal Ganesh Agarkar in Women Empowerment in Maharashtra Babasaheb Kisan Bhosale Asst. Professor, Changu Kana Thakur Arts, Commerce and Science College, New Panvel. Affiliated to University of Mumbai. Article History: Submitted-03/08/2018, Revised-06/09/2018, Accepted-10/09/2018, Published-15/09/2018. Abstract: Agarkar was a serious student of European enlightenment his rational methods to curb social issues altered the social reformation movement, his aimed at reforming inhuman traits of Hindu society, he aired his radical views in his periodical Sudharak in which he campaigned against the injustices and problems of women, he had to confront issues like the age of consent controversy, liberation of women, caste system, Sharada Sadan controversy, female feticide, Child marriage, polytheism, illiteracy. He propagated same education imparted to the boys and girls, he always tried to convince the Hindu society people what is just and appropriate for the well being of society. Keyword: Enlightenment, Empowerment, Persuade, Vicious Web, Polytheism, Female Feticide, Agreeable Age Introduction Gopal Ganesh Agarkar is held as one the foremost social reformers who sought for social transformation that entirely separates itself from worn-out customs, traditions as well as religious rituals; and believed to conduct all social dealings on the basis of individual liberty and intellectual assets. -
Idea of Emancipation and Discourse on Caste in Colonial Western India (Maharashtra)
Idea of Emancipation and Discourse on Caste in Colonial Western India (Maharashtra) Santosh Pandhari Suradkar Résumé L’idée d’émancipation et les discours sur les castes dans l’Inde occidentale coloniale (Maharashtra), denière partie partie du XIXème siècle. De vifs débats sur les castes eurent lieu à la fin du 19ème siècle Maharashtra entre les nationalistes, les mouvements des castes inférieures, les missionnaires britanniques, les orientalistes et les idéologues. Aussi, cette période dans le Maharashtra peut être caractérisée comme un âge d’ouverture des masses aux idées de démocratie, de liberté, d’égalité et de fraternité. La caste a toujours été au centre de la politique moderne indienne même si cette structure du pouvoir remonte à l’Inde médiévale. La caste fut exploitée en tant que principe central dans la distribution du pouvoir et des ressources matérielles durant la période coloniale. Mais dans le même temps, le colonialisme créa un espace démocratique et moderne; néanmoins cet espace fut monopolisé par les castes supérieures. La lutte nationaliste contre le pouvoir impérial avait alors pour but d’établir l’hégémonie de classe. Les mouvements des non-brahmanes et des basses castes, actifs pendant la période coloniale, avaient deux objectifs : une plus grande mobilité de caste-classe et l’éradiction du système de caste. Celui-ci joua un rôle important dans la détermination du contenu de la mobilisation politique et l’institutionnalisation de la démocratie moderne. La dynamique de caste et de classe reste la caractéristique de la complexité de la politique indienne. Le système de caste et le patriarcat brahmanique ont toujours travaillé de concert dans le maintien du système de caste et de la distribution inégale des ressources. -
Department of History
H.H. THE RAJAHA’S COLLEGE (AUTO), PUDUKKOTTAI - 622001 Department of History II MA HISTORY HISTORY OF INDIA FROM 1707 TO 1947 C.E THIRD SEMESTER 18PHS7 MA HISTORY SEMESTER : III SUB CODE : 18PHS7 CORE COURSE : CCVIII CREDIT : 5 HISTORY OF INDIA FROM 1707 TO 1947 C.E Objectives ● To understand the colonial hegemony in India ● To Inculcate the knowledge of solidarity shown by Indians against British government ● To know about the social reform sense through the historical process. ● To know the effect of the British rule in India. ● To know the educational developments and introduction of Press in India. ● To understand the industrial and agricultural bases set by the British for further developments UNIT – I Decline of Mughals and Establishment of British Rule in India Sources – Decline of Mughal Empire – Later Mughals – Rise of Marathas – Ascendancy under the Peshwas – Establishment of British Rule – the French and the British rivalry – Mysore – Marathas Confederacy – Punjab Sikhs – Afghans. UNIT – II Structure of British Raj upto 1857 Colonial Economy – Rein of Rural Economy – Industrial Development – Zamindari system – Ryotwari – Mahalwari system – Subsidiary Alliances – Policy on Non intervention – Doctrine of Lapse – 1857 Revolt – Re-organization in 1858. UNIT – III Social and cultural impact of colonial rule Social reforms – English Education – Press – Christian Missionaries – Communication – Public services – Viceroyalty – Canning to Curzon. ii UNIT – IV India towards Freedom Phase I 1885-1905 – Policy of mendicancy – Phase II 1905-1919 – Moderates – Extremists – terrorists – Home Rule Movement – Jallianwala Bagh – Phase III 1920- 1947 – Gandhian Era – Swaraj party – simon commission – Jinnah‘s 14 points – Partition – Independence. UNIT – V Constitutional Development from 1773 to 1947 Regulating Act of 1773 – Charter Acts – Queen Proclamation – Minto-Morley reforms – Montague Chelmsford reforms – govt. -
Note to Users
NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. ® UMI Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with with permission permission of the of copyright the copyright owner. Furtherowner. reproduction Further reproduction prohibited without prohibited permission. without permission. HISTORICISM, HINDUISM AND MODERNITY IN COLONIAL INDIA By Apama Devare Submitted to the Faculty of the School of International Service of American University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In International Relations Chai Dean of the School of International Service 2005 American University Washington, D.C. 20016 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 3207285 Copyright 2005 by Devare, Aparna All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. ® UMI UMI Microform 3207285 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. -
I: SWADESHI MOVEMENT (1905-19011) Dr
I: SWADESHI MOVEMENT (1905-19011) Dr. A. Ravisankar, Ph.D., 1. This was a comprehensive movement that lasted 6 years. 2. Although this was regarded as a cultural movement celebrating the rich harvest of history- the rich traditions like folk music, paintings, the culture of Bengal was highlighted. But very soon, it got integrated with the political upheavals that followed after the partition of Bengal. Krishna Kumar Mitra, in his newspaper, ‘Sanjivani’ highlighted the prospects of national education and ‘Economic Swadeshi’. 3. Very soon, this movement started gaining momentum with the help of the entire Bengali middle- class intelligentsia. 4. After the partition of Bengal, the Swadeshi movement got a big boost, because of the integration of the boycott movement with the Swadeshi movement. 5. Tilak called this movement “Bahishkar Yoga“ and most of the Bengali intelligentsia that was initially not in favour of the boycott movement got integrated with the Swadeshi movement. 6. This was primary learning for the national movement. According to Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Lala Lajpat Rai, it was training in ‘self-determination’, ‘self-help’, and ‘self-reliance’. 7. In fact, the Swadeshi movement can be called as a nursery of the further course that the Indian National Movement was to take. The programmes and ideas that were practised during the Swadeshi movement became the hallmark of the Gandhian movement as well. 8. Surendranath Bannerjee said that it is a ‘protectionist movement’. And that it ‘generates the material prosperity of the masses’. 9. Very soon, the Swadeshi movement spread to different parts of India, like Bihar, U.P., C.P., Bombay and Madras.