sign in sign up
<<
Home , Ipratropium bromide, Terbutaline

'ƵŝĚĞůŝŶĞƐΘWƌŽƚŽĐŽůƐĚǀŝƐŽƌLJŽŵŵŝƩĞĞ

Appendix A: Prescription Medication Table for COPD 1- 4

Generic Name Cost per Device Usual Adult Daily PharmaCare Trade Name Approx. cost per Therapeutic Considerations Dose Coverage Dosage Forms and Strengths usual daily dose SHORT-ACTING RELIEVER MEDICATIONS

Short-Acting Beta 2 Agonists (SABA) Acute relief: $6.48 Regular • Potential adverse eects: Ventolin®, Airomir™, 1 to 2 pus prn $0.13 to $0.26 Coverage (particularly in the hands, usually generics Prevention: (1 to 2 pus QID) disappears as treatment continues), cardiac arrhythmias (more likely in pMDI: 100 mcg/pu 1 to 2 pus QID susceptible patients), tachycardia, 200 doses restlessness, , muscle cramps, Salbutamol Acute relief: $12.50 No Coverage and nervousness. Ventolin® Diskus® 1 inhalation prn $0.62 to $0.83 • Use cautiously in patients with Diskus: 200 mcg/inhalation Prevention: (3 to 4 inhalations/day) cardiovascular disorders (e.g., coronary insu!ciency, arrhythmias, hypertension). 60 doses 1 inhalation q4-6 hour (maximum 3-4 • Paradoxical is unusual inhalations daily) and may be related to the propellant and Acute relief: $8.52 Regular in which case a dry powder formulation may be eective. An alternative therapy, Bricanyl® Turbuhaler® 1 to 2 inhalations $0.51 (6 inhalations/day) Coverage such as a SAMA, may also be considered. prn (maximum Turbuhaler: 0.5 mg/inhalation 6 inhalations daily) 100 doses Short-Acting (SAMA) or Short Acting 40 mcg (2 actuations) $21.05 Regular • Potential adverse eects: headache, Atrovent® TID to QID $0.63 to $0.84 Coverage throat irritation, cough, dry mouth, pMDI: 20 mcg/pu Maximum: 240 mcg (2 actuations TID to QID) GI motility disorders, dizziness, bitter/ (12 actuations) daily, metallic taste. 200 doses (minimum 4 hours • Use cautiously and monitor for worsening between doses) in patients with pre-existing urinary tract obstruction. • Use cautiously in patients with narrow- angle . • Avoid spraying the mist into the eyes (ocular complications have been reported). • A SAMA and a LAMA should not be used concurrently. Combination product: SABA and SAMA Ipratropium bromide 1 inhalation QID 31.00 Regular • Similar therapeutic considerations salbutamol sulfate Maximum: $1.03 (1 inhalation QID) Coverage as SABAs and SAMAs (see above). Combivent® Respimat® 6 inhalations/ Inhalation via Respimat: 24 hours 20 mcg/100 mcg salbutamol 120 doses

BCGuidelines.ca: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management: Appendix A (2017) 1 Generic Name Cost per Device Usual Adult Daily PharmaCare Trade Name Approx. cost per Therapeutic Considerations Dose Coverage Dosage Forms and Strengths usual daily dose LONG-ACTING MEDICATIONS

Long-Acting Beta 2 Agonists (LABA) maleate 75 mcg once daily $50.22/30 capsules Limited • Potential adverse eects: cough, Onbrez® Breezhaler® by oral inhalation $1.67 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage headache, palpitations, tachycardia, tremor, muscle spasms, upper respiratory Inhalation powder capsules tract infection. via Breezhaler: 75 mcg Boxes of 10 or 30 capsules • Use cautiously in patients with cardiovascular disorders (e.g., coronary 50 mcg BID $61.20 Limited insu!ciency, arrhythmias, hypertension). SereVent® Diskhaler® $2.04 (50 mcg BID) Coverage • Monitor for in diabetic Disks of dry powder patients when initiating therapy. for inhalation: 50 mcg • LABAs are not typically used to treat 60 doses acute bronchospasm (rapid onset, short acting should be used to treat acute symptoms). Salmeterol 1 inhalation BID $62.41 Limited • When initiating treatment with LABA, SereVent® Diskus® $2.08 (1 inhalation BID) Coverage discontinue the use of any regularly Diskus: 50 mcg/inhalation scheduled SABA and transition to PRN 60 doses use of the SABA. 6 or 12 mcg Q12 6 mcg: $36.35 No Coverage • Do not use more often or at higher doses Oxeze® Turbuhaler® hour $1.21 (1 inhlation Q12 h) for COPD than recommended. Maximum: (Limited Turbuhaler: 6 mcg, 12 mcg 12 mcg: $48.39 48 mcg/day Coverage 60 doses $1.61 (1 inhalation Q12 h) bene"t for NOTE: not ocially indicated for ) the treatment of COPD in Canada Formoterol 12 mcg BID via oral $54.58 No Coverage Foradil® inhalation $1.82 (1 inhalation BID) for COPD May increase to (Limited Inhalation powder Coverage capsules 24 mcg BID via oral inhalation, bene"t for via : if required asthma) 12 mcg Maximum: Boxes of 60 capsules 48 mcg/day Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists (LAMA) or Long Acting 400 mcg BID 57.35 Limited • Potential adverse eects: headache, dry Tudorza® Genuair® $1.91 (1 inhalation BID) Coverage mouth, urinary retention, metallic taste, nasopharyngitis. DPI: 400 mcg 60 doses • Use cautiously and monitor for worsening urinary retention in patients with Glycopyrronium 50 mcg once daily $57.35/30 capsules Limited pre-existing urinary tract obstruction bromide Seebri® by oral inhalation $1.91 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage (e.g., prostatic hyperplasia). Breezhaler® • Use cautiously in patients with Inhalation powder narrow-angle glaucoma. capsules via Breezhaler: • Do not use LAMAs to treat acute 50 mcg bronchospasm (rapid onset, short acting Boxes of 6 or 30 capsules bronchodilator should be used to treat acute symptoms that occur despite the 18 mcg once daily $56.06/30 capsules Limited regular use of a long acting medication). Spiriva® by oral inhalation $1.87 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage • When initiating treatment with a LAMA, Inhalation powder capsule discontinue the use of any previous via HandiHaler: 18 mcg scheduled short acting bronchodilator. Boxes of 10 or 30 capsules • Use SABA as a rescue medication PRN Tiotropium bromide 5 mcg (2 actuations) $56.06/60 actuations Limited and do not prescribe a SAMA. Spiriva® Respimat® once daily by oral $1.87 (2 actuations daily) Coverage • Avoid spraying the mist into the eyes inhalation (ocular complications have been Inhalation solution reported). via Respimat: 2.5 mcg per actuation 60 actuations

2 BCGuidelines.ca: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management: Appendix A (2017) Generic Name Cost per Device Usual Adult Daily PharmaCare Trade Name Approx. cost per Therapeutic Considerations Dose Coverage Dosage Forms and Strengths usual daily dose 62.5 mcg once daily $54.00/30 doses Limited Incruse™ Ellipta® $1.80 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage DPI: 62.5 mcg 30 doses

Combination: Inhaled (ICS) and LABA / formoterol 400 mcg / 200 mcg: $92.22 Non-Bene"t • Potential adverse eects: palpitations, fumarate 12 mcg BID $3.07 (400 mcg/ for COPD oropharyngeal candidiasis, headache, Symbicort® Turbuhaler® 12 mcg BID) (Limited tremor, throat irritation, coughing, Coverage hoarseness. DPI: 100 mcg/6 mcg, bene"t for 200 mcg/6 mcg • Risk of oropharyngeal candidiasis and asthma) 120 doses hoarseness can be reduced by using a spacer with pMDI AND by rinsing mouth furoate/ 100 mcg/25 mcg $88.78 Limited and throat after each use (and cleansing Breo® Ellipta® once daily $2.96 (100 mcg/ Coverage dentures if applicable). DPI: 100 mcg/25 mcg, 25 mcg daily) • ICS is associated with an increased risk of 200mcg/25mcg pneumonia, particularly at higher doses. 30 doses / 125/25 mcg or 125/25 mcg: $105.23 Limited salmeterol 250/25 mcg: $3.51 (2 inhalations BID) Coverage 2 inhalations BID Advair® 250/25 mcg: $149.38 MDI: 125/25 mcg and $4.98 (2 inhalations BID) 250/25 mcg 120 inhalations Fluticasone propionate/ 250/50 mcg: 1 250/50 mcg: $105.23 Limited salmeterol inhalation BID $3.51 (1 inhalation BID) Coverage Advair® Diskus® 500/50 mcg: 1 500/50 mcg: $149.38 inhalation BID DPI via Diskus: 100/50 mcg, $4.98 (1 inhalation BID) 250/50 mcg, and 500/50 mcg 60 inhalations NOTE: 100/50 mcg DPI is not indicated for use in COPD Combination: LAMA and LABA Aclidinium/formoterol 400/12 mcg BID $64.80 Limited • Potential adverse eects: throat irritation, fumarate $2.16 (1 inhalation BID) Coverage cough, in#uenza, upper respiratory Duaklir™ Genuair® tract infection, tooth abscess, headache, tremor, dry mouth. DPI: 400/12 mcg 60 doses • Do not administer a combination LAMA and LABA product concurrently with Indacaterol/glycopyrronium 100 mcg/50 mcg $86.84 Limited other products containing LABA or LAMA. Ultibro® Breezhaler® once daily by oral $2.89 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage • Similar therapeutic considerations as inhalation Inhalation powder LABAs and LAMAs (see above). capsules via Breezhaler: 100 mcg/50 mcg Boxes of 30 capsules Tiotropium/ 5 mcg/5 mcg $65.78 Limited Inspiolto™ Respimat® (2 inhalations) $2.19 (2 inhalations daily) Coverage once daily Inhalation solution via Respimat: 2.5/2.5 mcg 60 actuations Umeclidinium/vilanterol 62.5 mcg/25 mcg $87.48 Limited Anoro™ Ellipta® once daily $2.92 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage DPI: 62.5/25 mcg 30 doses

BCGuidelines.ca: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management: Appendix A (2017) 3 Generic Name Cost per Device Usual Adult Daily PharmaCare Trade Name Approx. cost per Therapeutic Considerations Dose Coverage Dosage Forms and Strengths usual daily dose Inhaled NOTE: the following single agent ICS products are NOT ocially indicated, as monotherapy, for the treatment of COPD; however, these products are commonly used in conjunction with a LABA, LAMA, or combination LABA and LAMA products. Budesonide 100 to 400 mcg 100 mcg: $33.78 Regular • Potential adverse eects: sore mouth, Pulmicort® Turbuhaler® daily in combination $0.17 (1 inhalation daily) Coverage sore throat, dysphonia, oral thrush. with a long-acting DPI: 100, 200, 400 mcg/dose 200 mcg: $68.97 • Risk of oropharyngeal candidiasis and bronchodilator 200 doses $0.34 (1 inhalation daily) hoarseness can be reduced by using a (o-label use, GOLD 400 mcg: $100.44 spacer with pMDI AND by rinsing mouth 2014) $0.50 (1 inhalation daily) and throat after each use (and cleansing dentures if applicable) Fluticasone priopionate 50 to 500 mcg daily 50 mcg pMDI: $25.85 Regular • ICS is associated with an increased risk of in combination Coverage Flovent® HFA $0.22 pneumonia, particularly at higher doses. with a long-acting 125 mcg pMDI: $44.59 pMDI: 50, 125, 250 mcg/dose • Treatment should not be stopped bronchodilator $0.37 120 doses abruptly (may lead to exacerbations in (o-label use, GOLD 250 mcg pMDI: $89.15 some patients); the drug should be 2014) $0.74 Flovent® Diskus® (DPI): 100 mcg DPI: $25.85, DPI: 100, 250, $0.43 500 mcg/dose 250 mcg DPI: $44.59, 60 doses $0.74 500 mcg DPI: $69.34, $1.16 Systemic Corticosteroids Prednisone AECOPD: 30 to 1 mg: $0.11/ Regular • Potential adverse eects: GI upset, #uid Generics 50 mg once daily 5 mg: $0.04/tablet Coverage or electrolyte imbalance, hypertension, PO for 5 to 14 days pituitary-adrenal suppression, skin Tablets: 1 mg, 5 mg, 50 mg 50 mg: $0.37/tablet eects (thinning, easy bruising, acne), hyperglycemia, weight gain, peptic ulcer, behavioural disturbances, insomnia, glaucoma, posterior subcapsular cataracts, myopathy, decreased bone mineral density, cushingoid syndrome. • Increased risk of GI ulceration with concomitant NSAID. • Increased risk of with concomitant diuretic (e.g., thiazide). Macrolide – maintenance therapy to reduce AECOPD Azithromycin To reduce risk of 250 mg: $1.33/tablet Regular • Potential adverse eects: QT Zithromax®, generics AECOPD: 250 mg Coverage prolongation, hearing decrements, daily or 250 mg nasopharyngeal colonization with Tablets: 250 mg Susp: three times per macrolide-resistant bacteria. Oral suspension: 300 mg/15 mL, 300 mg/15 mL: $6.04 week • Consider the risk of fatal cardiac 600 mg/15 mL, 900 mg/22.5 mL 600 mg/15 mL: $8.56 900 mg/22.5 mL: $12.84 arrhythmias in susceptible patients (e.g., patients with QT prolongation, electrolyte imbalance, arrhythmia, cardiac insu!ciency, concurrent treatment with QT prolonging medications, elderly). • Oral suspension contains 3.87 g of sucrose per 5 mL.

4 BCGuidelines.ca: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management: Appendix A (2017) Generic Name Cost per Device Usual Adult Daily PharmaCare Trade Name Approx. cost per Therapeutic Considerations Dose Coverage Dosage Forms and Strengths usual daily dose Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor Ro!umilast 500 mcg daily $2.27/tablet No Coverage • Potential adverse eects: diarrhea, weight Daxas® loss (average of 2 kg), nausea, headache, abdominal pain. Tablet: 500 mcg • Less common adverse events: suicide and/or suicidal ideation or behaviour, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increase. • Diarrhea, nausea and headache usually occur within the "rst 4 weeks of treatment and are typically resolved within 4 weeks while still on continued treatment. • Contraindicated in moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C). • Do not use concurrently with . Mucolytics N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 600 mg PO bid 30 mL vial: $18.96 Regular • Potential adverse eects of oral Generics Coverage administration: nausea, vomiting, GI symptoms. Solution: 200 mg/mL • Solution must be diluted with cola or other soft drink to a "nal concentration of 5%. Water may be used as a diluent if administered via a gastric tube. Use dilutions within 1 hour of preparation. • The unpleasant, sulfur-like odour of the oral solution typically becomes less noticeable as treatment progresses. Administering the oral solution on ice, in a cup with a lid, and drinking through a straw may help. • Undiluted in opened vials can be stored for up to 96 hours in the refrigerator. • Studies used NAC tablets; however, tablets are not readily available in Canada.

Abbreviations: AECOPD = acute exacerbation of COPD; BID = twice daily; DPI = dry powder inhaler; G = generic; GI = gastrointestinal; HF = heart failure; IR = immediate-release; kg = kilogram; mg = milligram; pMDI = pressurized metered dose inhaler; QID = four times daily; TID = three times daily. Footnotes: Pricing is approximate as of March 8, 2017 and does not include dispensing fee or additional markups. Note: Please review product monographs at hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/prodpharma/databasdon/index-eng.php and regularly review current Health Canada advisories, warnings and recalls at www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ahc-asc/media/advisories-avis/index_e.html PharmaCare Coverage De"nitions: G: generic(s) are available; Regular Coverage: also known as regular bene"t; does not require Special Authority. Regular bene"ts may be fully or partially covered.*; Limited Coverage: requires Special Authority for coverage. Limited Coverage bene"ts approved by Special Authority may be fully or partially covered.*; RDP: Reference Drug Program. Drugs included in the RDP are comparable agents of the same therapeutic class. Patients receive full coverage of drugs designated as the Reference Drug(s) of the therapeutic class. Other drugs in the same RDP category are covered up to the price of the Reference Drug; No coverage: also known as non-bene"t; does not "t the above categories. * Note: Information on which products PharmaCare covers can be obtained using the B.C. PharmaCare Formulary Search ( www.health.gov.bc.ca/pharmacare/bene"tslookup/ ). In all cases, coverage is subject to drug price limits set by PharmaCare and to the patient’s PharmaCare plan rules and deductibles. See: www.health.gov.bc.ca/pharmacare/plans/ index.html and www.health.gov.bc.ca/pharmacare/policy.html for further information.

References 1. CPS [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Pharmacists Association; c2015 [cited 2016 Apr 4]. Available from: http://www.e-therapeutics.ca. 2. McIvor R. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. In: Jovaisas, Barbara, editor. Therapeutics [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Pharmacists Association; c2016 [updated Jul 2015; cited 2016 Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.e-therapeutics.ca. 3. Lexicomp Online®, Lexi-Drugs®, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, Inc.; April 4, 2016. 4. Global Initiative for Chronic (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Updated 2016. Available at: www.goldcopd.org/

BCGuidelines.ca: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management: Appendix A (2017) 5